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Yuzu K, Lin CY, Yi PW, Huang CH, Masuhara H, Chatani E. Spatiotemporal formation of a single liquid-like condensate and amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein by optical trapping at solution surface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402162121. [PMID: 39292741 PMCID: PMC11441557 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402162121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid-like protein condensates have recently attracted much attention due to their critical roles in biological phenomena. They typically show high fluidity and reversibility for exhibiting biological functions, while occasionally serving as sites for the formation of amyloid fibrils. To comprehend the properties of protein condensates that underlie biological function and pathogenesis, it is crucial to study them at the single-condensate level; however, this is currently challenging due to a lack of applicable methods. Here, we demonstrate that optical trapping is capable of inducing the formation of a single liquid-like condensate of α-synuclein in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. The irradiation of tightly focused near-infrared laser at an air/solution interface formed a condensate under conditions coexisting with polyethylene glycol. The fluorescent dye-labeled imaging showed that the optically induced condensate has a gradient of protein concentration from the center to the edge, suggesting that it is fabricated through optical pumping-up of the α-synuclein clusters and the expansion along the interface. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy and thioflavin T fluorescence analysis revealed that continuous laser irradiation induces structural transition of protein molecules inside the condensate to β-sheet rich structure, ultimately leading to the condensate deformation and furthermore, the formation of amyloid fibrils. These observations indicate that optical trapping is a powerful technique for examining the microscopic mechanisms of condensate appearance and growth, and furthermore, subsequent aging leading to amyloid fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yuzu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ching-Yang Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Yi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Masuhara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Eri Chatani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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2
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Neupane K, Narayan A, Sen Mojumdar S, Adhikari G, Garen CR, Woodside MT. Direct observation of prion-like propagation of protein misfolding templated by pathogenic mutants. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:1220-1226. [PMID: 39009686 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases feature misfolded proteins that propagate via templated conversion of natively folded molecules. However, crucial questions about how such prion-like conversion occurs and what drives it remain unsolved, partly because technical challenges have prevented direct observation of conversion for any protein. We observed prion-like conversion in single molecules of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), whose misfolding is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Tethering pathogenic misfolded SOD1 mutants to wild-type molecules held in optical tweezers, we found that the mutants vastly increased misfolding of the wild-type molecule, inducing multiple misfolded isoforms. Crucially, the pattern of misfolding was the same in the mutant and converted wild-type domains and varied when the misfolded mutant was changed, reflecting the templating effect expected for prion-like conversion. Ensemble measurements showed decreased enzymatic activity in tethered heterodimers as conversion progressed, mirroring the single-molecule results. Antibodies sensitive to disease-specific epitopes bound to the converted protein, implying that conversion produced disease-relevant misfolded conformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Neupane
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abhishek Narayan
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Supratik Sen Mojumdar
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, India
| | - Gaurav Adhikari
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Craig R Garen
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael T Woodside
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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3
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Colapietro P, Brunetti G, di Toma A, Ferrara F, Chiriacò MS, Ciminelli C. High Stability and Low Power Nanometric Bio-Objects Trapping through Dielectric-Plasmonic Hybrid Nanobowtie. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:390. [PMID: 39194619 DOI: 10.3390/bios14080390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Micro and nano-scale manipulation of living matter is crucial in biomedical applications for diagnostics and pharmaceuticals, facilitating disease study, drug assessment, and biomarker identification. Despite advancements, trapping biological nanoparticles remains challenging. Nanotweezer-based strategies, including dielectric and plasmonic configurations, show promise due to their efficiency and stability, minimizing damage without direct contact. Our study uniquely proposes an inverted hybrid dielectric-plasmonic nanobowtie designed to overcome the primary limitations of existing dielectric-plasmonic systems, such as high costs and manufacturing complexity. This novel configuration offers significant advantages for the stable and long-term trapping of biological objects, including strong energy confinement with reduced thermal effects. The metal's efficient light reflection capability results in a significant increase in energy field confinement (EC) within the trapping site, achieving an enhancement of over 90% compared to the value obtained with the dielectric nanobowtie. Numerical simulations confirm the successful trapping of 100 nm viruses, demonstrating a trapping stability greater than 10 and a stiffness of 2.203 fN/nm. This configuration ensures optical forces of approximately 2.96 fN with an input power density of 10 mW/μm2 while preserving the temperature, chemical-biological properties, and shape of the biological sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Colapietro
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via E. Orabona 6, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Brunetti
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via E. Orabona 6, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Annarita di Toma
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via E. Orabona 6, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via per Monteroni, 73200 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Ciminelli
- Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Via E. Orabona 6, 70125 Bari, Italy
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4
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Konyshev IV, Byvalov AA. The bacterial flagellum as an object for optical trapping. Biophys Rev 2024; 16:403-415. [PMID: 39309130 PMCID: PMC11415335 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-024-01212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This letter considers the possibility of using the optical trap to study the structure and function of the microbial flagellum. The structure of the flagellum of a typical gram-negative bacterium is described in brief. A standard mathematical model based on the principle of superposition is used to describe the movement of an ellipsoidal microbial cell in a liquid medium. The basic principles of optical trapping based on the combined action of the light pressure and the gradient force are briefly clarified. Several problems related to thermal damage of living microscopic objects when the latter gets to the focus of a laser beam are shortly discussed. It is shown that the probability of cell damage depends nonlinearly on the wavelength of laser radiation. Finally, the model systems that would make it possible to study flagella of the free bacteria and the ones anchored or tethered on the surface of a solid material are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V. Konyshev
- Institute of Physiology of the Federal Research Centre, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
- Vyatka State University, Kirov, 610000 Russia
| | - Andrey A. Byvalov
- Institute of Physiology of the Federal Research Centre, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
- Vyatka State University, Kirov, 610000 Russia
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5
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Iványi GT, Nemes B, Gróf I, Fekete T, Kubacková J, Tomori Z, Bánó G, Vizsnyiczai G, Kelemen L. Optically Actuated Soft Microrobot Family for Single-Cell Manipulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401115. [PMID: 38814436 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Precisely controlled manipulation of nonadherent single cells is often a pre-requisite for their detailed investigation. Optical trapping provides a versatile means for positioning cells with submicrometer precision or measuring forces with femto-Newton resolution. A variant of the technique, called indirect optical trapping, enables single-cell manipulation with no photodamage and superior spatial control and stability by relying on optically trapped microtools biochemically bound to the cell. High-resolution 3D lithography enables to prepare such cell manipulators with any predefined shape, greatly extending the number of achievable manipulation tasks. Here, it is presented for the first time a novel family of cell manipulators that are deformable by optical tweezers and rely on their elasticity to hold cells. This provides a more straightforward approach to indirect optical trapping by avoiding biochemical functionalization for cell attachment, and consequently by enabling the manipulated cells to be released at any time. Using the photoresist Ormocomp, the deformations achievable with optical forces in the tens of pN range and present three modes of single-cell manipulation as examples to showcase the possible applications such soft microrobotic tools can offer are characterized. The applications describe here include cell collection, 3D cell imaging, and spatially and temporally controlled cell-cell interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely T Iványi
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Multidisciplinary Medical Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Botond Nemes
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Ilona Gróf
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Tamás Fekete
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Jana Kubacková
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Watsonova 47, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| | - Zoltán Tomori
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Watsonova 47, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
| | - Gregor Bánó
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Jesenná 5, Košice, 04154, Slovakia
| | - Gaszton Vizsnyiczai
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Lóránd Kelemen
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged Institute of Biophysics, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
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6
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Pope BL, Zhang M, Jo S, Dragnea B, Jacobson SC. Microscale Diffractive Lenses Integrated into Microfluidic Devices for Size-Selective Optical Trapping of Particles. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11845-11852. [PMID: 38976499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Integration of optical components into microfluidic devices can enhance particle manipulations, separations, and analyses. We present a method to fabricate microscale diffractive lenses composed of aperiodically spaced concentric rings milled into a thin metal film to precisely position optical tweezers within microfluidic channels. Integrated thin-film microlenses perform the laser focusing required to generate sufficient optical forces to trap particles without significant off-device beam manipulation. Moreover, the ability to trap particles with unfocused laser light allows multiple optical traps to be powered simultaneously by a single input laser. We have optically trapped polystyrene particles with diameters of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 μm over microlenses fabricated in chromium and gold films. Optical forces generated by these microlenses captured particles traveling at fluid velocities up to 64 μm/s. Quantitative trapping experiments with particles in microfluidic flow demonstrate size-based differential trapping of neutrally buoyant particles where larger particles required a stronger trapping force. The optical forces on these particles are identical to traditional optical traps, but the addition of a continuous viscous drag force from the microfluidic flow introduces tunable size selectivity across a range of laser powers and fluid velocities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigham L Pope
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Suhun Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Bogdan Dragnea
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Stephen C Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
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7
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Chua GNL, Liu S. When Force Met Fluorescence: Single-Molecule Manipulation and Visualization of Protein-DNA Interactions. Annu Rev Biophys 2024; 53:169-191. [PMID: 38237015 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-030822-032904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Myriad DNA-binding proteins undergo dynamic assembly, translocation, and conformational changes while on DNA or alter the physical configuration of the DNA substrate to control its metabolism. It is now possible to directly observe these activities-often central to the protein function-thanks to the advent of single-molecule fluorescence- and force-based techniques. In particular, the integration of fluorescence detection and force manipulation has unlocked multidimensional measurements of protein-DNA interactions and yielded unprecedented mechanistic insights into the biomolecular processes that orchestrate cellular life. In this review, we first introduce the different experimental geometries developed for single-molecule correlative force and fluorescence microscopy, with a focus on optical tweezers as the manipulation technique. We then describe the utility of these integrative platforms for imaging protein dynamics on DNA and chromatin, as well as their unique capabilities in generating complex DNA configurations and uncovering force-dependent protein behaviors. Finally, we give a perspective on the future directions of this emerging research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella N L Chua
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA;
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shixin Liu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA;
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8
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Villa N, Tartari E, Glicenstein S, de Villiers de la Noue H, Picard E, Marcoux PR, Zelsmann M, Resch G, Hadji E, Houdré R. Optical Trapping and Fast Discrimination of Label-Free Bacteriophages at the Single Virion Level. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308814. [PMID: 38282203 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
There is a recent resurgence of interest in phage therapy (the therapeutic use of bacterial viruses) as an approach to eliminating difficult-to-treat infections. However, existing approaches for therapeutic phage selection and virulence testing are time-consuming, host-dependent, and facing reproducibility issues. Here, this study presents an innovative approach wherein integrated resonant photonic crystal (PhC) cavities in silicon are used as optical nanotweezers for probing and manipulating single bacteria and single virions with low optical power. This study demonstrates that these nanocavities differentiate between a bacterium and a phage without labeling or specific surface bioreceptors. Furthermore, by tailoring the spatial extent of the resonant optical mode in the low-index medium, phage distinction across phenotypically distinct phage families is demonstrated. The work paves the road to the implementation of optical nanotweezers in phage therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Villa
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Tartari
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Simon Glicenstein
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Hugues de Villiers de la Noue
- Laboratory of Bacteriophages and Phage Therapy, Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences (CRISP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Picard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Pierre R Marcoux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTIS, L4IV, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Marc Zelsmann
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA/LETI Minatec, LTM, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Grégory Resch
- Laboratory of Bacteriophages and Phage Therapy, Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences (CRISP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Hadji
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Romuald Houdré
- Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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9
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Rhie J, Lee D, Kim T, Kim S, Seo M, Kim DS, Bahk YM. Optical Tweezing Terahertz Probing for a Single Metal Nanoparticle. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6753-6760. [PMID: 38708988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Recently, extensive research has been reported on the detection of metal nanoparticles using terahertz waves, due to their potential for efficient and nondestructive detection of chemical and biological samples without labeling. Resonant terahertz nanoantennas can be used to detect a small amount of molecules whose vibrational modes are in the terahertz frequency range with high sensitivity. However, the positioning of target molecules is critical to obtaining a reasonable signal because the field distribution is inhomogeneous over the antenna structure. Here, we combine an optical tweezing technique and terahertz spectroscopy based on nanoplasmonics, resulting in extensive controllable tweezing and sensitive detection at the same time. We observed optical tweezing of a gold nanoparticle and detected it with terahertz waves by using a single bowtie nanoantenna. Furthermore, the calculations confirm that molecular fingerprinting is possible by using our technique. This study will be a prestep of biomolecular detection using gold nanoparticles in terahertz spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeah Rhie
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dukhyung Lee
- Department of Physics and Quantum Photonics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Kim
- Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Seo
- Sensor System Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai-Sik Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Quantum Photonics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Bahk
- Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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10
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Huber M, Zada L, Ivleva NP, Ariese F. Multi-Parameter Analysis of Nanoplastics in Flow: Taking Advantage of High Sensitivity and Time Resolution Enabled by Stimulated Raman Scattering. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8949-8955. [PMID: 38771150 PMCID: PMC11154663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate the detection of nanoplastics (NPLs) in flow with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) for the first time. NPLs (plastic particles <1000 nm) have recently been detected in different environmental samples and personal care products. However, their characterization is still an analytical challenge. Multiple parameters, including size, chemical composition, and concentration (particle number and mass), need to be determined. In an earlier paper, online field flow fractionation (FFF)-Raman analysis with optical trapping was shown to be a promising tool for the detection of particles in this size range. SRS, which is based on the enhancement of a vibrational transition by the matching energy difference of two laser beams, would allow for much more sensitive detection and, hence, much shorter acquisition times compared to spontaneous Raman microspectroscopy (RM). Here, we show the applicability of SRS for the flow-based analysis of individual, untrapped NPLs. It was possible to detect polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) beads with diameters of 100-5000 nm. The high time resolution of 60.5 μs allows us to detect individual signals per particle and to correlate the number of detected particles to the injected mass concentration. Furthermore, due to the high time resolution, optically trapped beads could be distinguished from untrapped beads by their peak shapes. The SRS wavenumber settings add chemical selectivity to the measurement. Whereas optical trapping is necessary for the flow-based detection of particles by spontaneous RM, the current study demonstrates that SRS can detect particles in a flow without trapping. Additionally, the mean particle size could be estimated using the mean width (duration) and intensity of the SRS signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
J. Huber
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Institute of Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Liron Zada
- LaserLaB
Amsterdam, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia P. Ivleva
- Chair
of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Institute of Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Freek Ariese
- LaserLaB
Amsterdam, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Li L, Liu Y, Zhou X, Huang D, Shen Z, He S, Wang J, Li C, Guo G. Background-free imaging of cold atoms in optical traps. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:21988-21995. [PMID: 38859539 DOI: 10.1364/oe.523169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Optical traps, including those used in atomic physics, cold chemistry, and quantum science, are widely used in the research on cold atoms and molecules. Owing to their microscopic structure and excellent operational capability, optical traps have been proposed for cold atom experiments involving complex physical systems, which generally induce violent background scattering. In this study, using a background-free imaging scheme in cavity quantum electrodynamics systems, a cold atomic ensemble was accurately prepared below a fiber cavity and loaded into an optical trap for transfer into the cavity. By satisfying the demanding requirements for the background-free imaging scheme in optical traps, cold atoms in an optical trap were detected with a high signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining atomic loading. The cold atoms were then transferred into the fiber cavity using an optical trap, and the vacuum Rabi splitting was measured, facilitating relevant research on cavity quantum electrodynamics. This method can be extended to related experiments involving cold atoms and molecules in complex physical systems using optical traps.
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12
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Lu W, Krasavin AV, Lan S, Zayats AV, Dai Q. Gradient-induced long-range optical pulling force based on photonic band gap. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:93. [PMID: 38653978 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Optical pulling provides a new degree of freedom in optical manipulation. It is generally believed that long-range optical pulling forces cannot be generated by the gradient of the incident field. Here, we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate the realization of a long-range optical pulling force stemming from a self-induced gradient field in the manipulated object. In analogy to potential barriers in quantum tunnelling, we use a photonic band gap design in order to obtain the intensity gradients inside a manipulated object placed in a photonic crystal waveguide, thereby achieving a pulling force. Unlike the usual scattering-type optical pulling forces, the proposed gradient-field approach does not require precise elimination of the reflection from the manipulated objects. In particular, the Einstein-Laub formalism is applied to design this unconventional gradient force. The magnitude of the force can be enhanced by a factor of up to 50 at the optical resonance of the manipulated object in the waveguide, making it insensitive to absorption. The developed approach helps to break the limitation of scattering forces to obtain long-range optical pulling for manipulation and sorting of nanoparticles and other nano-objects. The developed principle of using the band gap to obtain a pulling force may also be applied to other types of waves, such as acoustic or water waves, which are important for numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Lu
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Alexey V Krasavin
- Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Anatoly V Zayats
- Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
| | - Qiaofeng Dai
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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13
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Erenso D, Tran L, Abualrob I, Bushra M, Hengstenberg J, Muhammed E, Endale I, Endale N, Endale E, Mayhut S, Torres N, Sheffield P, Vazquez C, Crogman H, Nichols C, Dang T, Hach EE. Observation of magnet-induced star-like radiation of a plasma created from cancer cells in a laser trap. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2024; 53:123-131. [PMID: 38451329 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-024-01701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
We present a new phenomenon resulting from the interaction of magnetic beads with cancer cells in a laser trap formed on a slide containing a depression 16.5 mm in diameter and 0.78 mm of maximum depth. This phenomenon includes the apparent formation and expansion of a dark bubble that attracts and incinerates surrounding matter when it explodes, which leads to a plasma emitting intense radiation that has the appearance of a star on a microscopic scale. We have observed the star-like phenomenon for more than 4 years, and the intensity depends on the laser's power. Measuring the laser power of the dark bubble shows the entrapment of electromagnetic energy as it expands.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Erenso
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.
| | - L Tran
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - I Abualrob
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - M Bushra
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - J Hengstenberg
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - E Muhammed
- Department of Physics, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - I Endale
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - N Endale
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - E Endale
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - S Mayhut
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - N Torres
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - P Sheffield
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - C Vazquez
- Department of Physics, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - H Crogman
- Department of Physics, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | - C Nichols
- Department of Physics, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | - T Dang
- Department of Physics, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | - E E Hach
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, 85 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
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14
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Janakaloti Narayanareddy BR, Allipeta NR, Allard J, Gross SP. A new method to experimentally quantify dynamics of initial protein-protein interactions. Commun Biol 2024; 7:311. [PMID: 38472292 PMCID: PMC10933273 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells run on initiation of protein-protein interactions, which are dynamically tuned spatially and temporally to modulate cellular events. This tuning can be physical, such as attaching the protein to a cargo or protein complex, thereby altering its diffusive properties, or modulating the distance between protein pairs, or chemical, by altering the proteins' conformations (e.g., nucleotide binding state of an enzyme, post-translational modification of a protein, etc.). Because a dynamic and changing subset of proteins in the cell could be in any specific state, ensemble measurements are not ideal-to untangle which of the factors are important, and how, we need single-molecule measurements. Experimentally, until now we have not had good tools to precisely measure initiation of such protein-protein interactions at the single-molecule level. Here, we develop a new method to measure dynamics of initial protein-protein interactions, allowing measurement of how properties such as the distance between proteins, and their tethered length can modulate the rate of interactions. In addition to precise measurement distance dependent motor-MT rebinding dynamics, we demonstrate the use of a dithered optical trap to measure dynamic motor-MT interactions and further discuss the possibilities of this technique being applicable to other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Reddy Allipeta
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Arcadia High School, Arcadia, CA, USA
| | - Jun Allard
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Steven P Gross
- Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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15
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Robbins A, Hildebolt H, Neuhoff M, Beshay P, Winter JO, Castro CE, Bundschuh R, Poirier MG. Cooperative control of a DNA origami force sensor. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4132. [PMID: 38374280 PMCID: PMC10876929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular systems are dependent on a complex interplay of forces. Modern force spectroscopy techniques provide means of interrogating these forces, but they are not optimized for studies in constrained environments as they require attachment to micron-scale probes such as beads or cantilevers. Nanomechanical devices are a promising alternative, but this requires versatile designs that can be tuned to respond to a wide range of forces. We investigate the properties of a nanoscale force sensitive DNA origami device which is highly customizable in geometry, functionalization, and mechanical properties. The device, referred to as the NanoDyn, has a binary (open or closed) response to an applied force by undergoing a reversible structural transition. The transition force is tuned with minor alterations of 1 to 3 DNA oligonucleotides and spans tens of picoNewtons (pN). The DNA oligonucleotide design parameters also strongly influence the efficiency of resetting the initial state, with higher stability devices (≳10 pN) resetting more reliably during repeated force-loading cycles. Finally, we show the opening force is tunable in real time by adding a single DNA oligonucleotide. These results establish the potential of the NanoDyn as a versatile force sensor and provide fundamental insights into how design parameters modulate mechanical and dynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Robbins
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hazen Hildebolt
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael Neuhoff
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Peter Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jessica O Winter
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carlos E Castro
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ralf Bundschuh
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael G Poirier
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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16
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Kislov D, Ofer D, Machnev A, Barhom H, Bobrovs V, Shalin A, Ginzburg P. Optothermal Needle-Free Injection of Vaterite Nanocapsules. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305202. [PMID: 38044325 PMCID: PMC10837343 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The propulsion and acceleration of nanoparticles with light have both fundamental and applied significance across many disciplines. Needle-free injection of biomedical nano cargoes into living tissues is among the examples. Here a new physical mechanism of laser-induced particle acceleration is explored, based on abnormal optothermal expansion of mesoporous vaterite cargoes. Vaterite nanoparticles, a metastable form of calcium carbonate, are placed on a substrate, underneath a target phantom, and accelerated toward it with the aid of a short femtosecond laser pulse. Light absorption followed by picosecond-scale thermal expansion is shown to elevate the particle's center of mass thus causing acceleration. It is shown that a 2 µm size vaterite particle, being illuminated with 0.5 W average power 100 fsec IR laser, is capable to overcome van der Waals attraction and acquire 15m sec-1 velocity. The demonstrated optothermal laser-driven needle-free injection into a phantom layer and Xenopus oocyte in vitro promotes the further development of light-responsive nanocapsules, which can be equipped with additional optical and biomedical functions for delivery, monitoring, and controllable biomedical dosage to name a few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Kislov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
| | - Daniel Ofer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Light-Matter Interaction Centre, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Andrey Machnev
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Light-Matter Interaction Centre, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Hani Barhom
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Light-Matter Interaction Centre, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qara, 3007500, Israel
| | - Vjaceslavs Bobrovs
- Institute of Telecommunications, Riga Technical University, Riga, 1048, Latvia
| | - Alexander Shalin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Ginzburg
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Light-Matter Interaction Centre, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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17
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Camba C, Walter-Lakes B, Digal P, Taheri-Araghi S, Bezryadina A. Biofilm formation and manipulation with optical tweezers. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1181-1191. [PMID: 38404331 PMCID: PMC10890877 DOI: 10.1364/boe.510836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Some bacterial species form biofilms in suboptimal growth and environmental conditions. Biofilm structures allow the cells not only to optimize growth with nutrient availability but also to defend each other against external stress, such as antibiotics. Medical and bioengineering implications of biofilms have led to an increased interest in the regulation of bacterial biofilm formation. Prior research has primarily focused on mechanical and chemical approaches for stimulating and controlling biofilm formation, yet optical techniques are still largely unexplored. In this paper, we investigate the biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis in a minimum biofilm-promoting medium (MSgg media) and explore the potential of optical trapping in regulating bacterial aggregation and biofilm development. Specifically, we determine the most advantageous stage of bacterial biofilm formation for optical manipulation and investigate the impact of optical trapping at different wavelengths on the aggregation of bacterial cells and the formation of biofilm. The investigation of optically regulated biofilm formation with optical tweezers presents innovative methodologies for the stimulation and suppression of biofilm growth through the application of lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Czarlyn Camba
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Brooke Walter-Lakes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Phillip Digal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Sattar Taheri-Araghi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Anna Bezryadina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
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18
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McCauley MJ, Joshi J, Becker N, Hu Q, Botuyan MV, Rouzina I, Mer G, James Maher L, Williams MC. Quantifying ATP-Independent Nucleosome Chaperone Activity with Single-Molecule Methods. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2694:29-55. [PMID: 37823998 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3377-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of histone-DNA interactions govern chromosome organization and regulates the processes of transcription, replication, and repair. Accurate measurements of the energies and the kinetics of DNA binding to component histones of the nucleosome under a variety of conditions are essential to understand these processes at the molecular level. To accomplish this, we employ three specific single-molecule techniques: force disruption (FD) with optical tweezers, confocal imaging (CI) in a combined fluorescence plus optical trap, and survival probability (SP) measurements of disrupted and reformed nucleosomes. Short arrays of positioned nucleosomes serve as a template for study, facilitating rapid quantification of kinetic parameters. These arrays are then exposed to FACT (FAcilitates Chromatin Transcription), a non-ATP-driven heterodimeric nuclear chaperone known to both disrupt and tether histones during transcription. FACT binding drives off the outer wrap of DNA and destabilizes the histone-DNA interactions of the inner wrap as well. This reorganization is driven by two key domains with distinct function. FD experiments show the SPT16 MD domain stabilizes DNA-histone contacts, while the HMGB box of SSRP1 binds DNA, destabilizing the nucleosome. Surprisingly, CI experiments do not show tethering of disrupted histones, but increased rates of histone release from the DNA. SI experiments resolve this, showing that the two active domains of FACT combine to chaperone nucleosome reassembly after the timely release of force. These combinations of single-molecule approaches show FACT is a true nucleosome catalyst, lowering the barrier to both disruption and reformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joha Joshi
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole Becker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Maria Victoria Botuyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ioulia Rouzina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Georges Mer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - L James Maher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark C Williams
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Malinowska AM, van Mameren J, Peterman EJG, Wuite GJL, Heller I. Introduction to Optical Tweezers: Background, System Designs, and Applications. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2694:3-28. [PMID: 37823997 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3377-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers are a means to manipulate objects with light. With the technique, microscopically small objects can be held and steered, allowing for accurate measurement of the forces applied to these objects. Optical tweezers can typically obtain a nanometer spatial resolution, a picoNewton force resolution, and a millisecond time resolution, which makes the technique well suited for the study of biological processes from the single-cell down to the single-molecule level. In this chapter, we aim to provide an introduction to the use of optical tweezers for single-molecule analyses. We start from the basic principles and methodology involved in optical trapping, force calibration, and force measurements. Next, we describe the components of an optical tweezers setup and their experimental relevance. Finally, we will provide an overview of the broad applications in context of biological research, with the emphasis on the measurement modes, experimental assays, and possible combinations with fluorescence microscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M Malinowska
- LaserLaB Amsterdam and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost van Mameren
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin J G Peterman
- LaserLaB Amsterdam and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs J L Wuite
- LaserLaB Amsterdam and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iddo Heller
- LaserLaB Amsterdam and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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20
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Boateng D, Chu K, Smith ZJ, Du J, Dai Y. Deep learning-based size prediction for optical trapped nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles from limited bandwidth camera detection. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1-13. [PMID: 38223178 PMCID: PMC10783894 DOI: 10.1364/boe.501430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Due to its ability to record position, intensity, and intensity distribution information, camera-based monitoring of nanoparticles in optical traps can enable multi-parametric morpho-optical characterization at the single-particle level. However, blurring due to the relatively long (10s of microsecond) integration times and aliasing from the resulting limited temporal bandwidth affect the detected particle position when considering nanoparticles in traps with strong stiffness, leading to inaccurate size predictions. Here, we propose a ResNet-based method for accurate size characterization of trapped nanoparticles, which is trained by considering only simulated time series data of nanoparticles' constrained Brownian motion. Experiments prove the method outperforms state-of-art sizing algorithms such as adjusted Lorentzian fitting or CNN-based networks on both standard nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles (EVs), as well as maintains good accuracy even when measurement times are relatively short (<1s per particle). On samples of clinical EVs, our network demonstrates a well-generalized ability to accurately determine the EV size distribution, as confirmed by comparison with gold-standard nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Furthermore, by combining the sizing network with still frame images from high-speed video, the camera-based optical tweezers have the unique capacity to quantify both the size and refractive index of bio-nanoparticles at the single-particle level. These experiments prove the proposed sizing network as an ideal path for predicting the morphological heterogeneity of bio-nanoparticles in optical potential trapping-related measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Boateng
- National Engineering Research Center of Speech and Language Information Processing, Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Kaiqin Chu
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Zachary J Smith
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, China
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Jun Du
- National Engineering Research Center of Speech and Language Information Processing, Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Yichuan Dai
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, China
- Department of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, China
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21
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Valle M, O'Brien B, Green TD, Reiner JE, Seashols-Williams S. Droplet-based optical trapping for cell separation in mock forensic samples. J Forensic Sci 2024; 69:273-281. [PMID: 37710383 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers have a wide range of uses for mechanical manipulation of objects in the microscopic range. This includes both living and static cells in a variety of biomedical and research applications. Single-focus optical tweezers, formed by focusing a laser beam through a high numerical aperture immersion objective, create a significant force, which enables controlled transport of a variety of different cell types and morphologies in three dimensions. Optical tweezers have been previously reported to capture and separate spermatozoa from a reconstituted simulated postcoital sample. We report herein the development of a simplified, more efficient cell transfer protocol that can separate and isolate both spermatozoa as well as leukocytes, with similar efficiencies as those previously reported. The new cell transfer method was used to separate sperm cells from a reconstituted mixture of spermatozoa and vaginal epithelial cells, with complete STR profiles developed from 50 cells with little evidence of contribution from the female contributor to the mixture. This modified protocol was then used to separate 21 samples of enriched leukocytes, with trapped cells ranging from 5 to 22 cells. Complete STR profiles were developed from as few as 10 leukocytes. Thus, with minimal sample preparation and a short trapping time, this method has the potential to provide an alternative to traditional differential extraction methods for separation of sperm:nonsperm mixtures while also providing versatility for separation of cells with differing morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Valle
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Benjamin O'Brien
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Tracey Dawson Green
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Joseph E Reiner
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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22
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Moghadam PY, Rasouli S, Hajizadeh F, Hebri D. Three-dimensional optical multiple trapping using pure amplitude octagonal almost periodic structures. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:43490-43505. [PMID: 38178441 DOI: 10.1364/oe.507339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel method for three-dimensional optical multiple trapping using pure amplitude octagonal almost periodic structures (PAOAPSs). We use a Gaussian beam to diffract through these structures and create a three-dimensional array of trapping spots with the aid of an objective lens. Our device is simple, cost-effective, and easy to fabricate, and it has several advantages over conventional methods for trapping multiple particles. By adjusting the rotation of the PAOAPS and the polarization of the beam, we can simultaneously rotate the trapped particles in both axial and orbital directions. We show that our device achieves an ∼19-fold increase in trapping efficiency compared to a recently introduced method based on an amplitude radial grating. Furthermore, our device transfers about 1/70 of the transmitted beam power to each optical trap, which is much more efficient than a spatial light modulator (SLM).
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23
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Pigareva VA, Paltsev OS, Marina VI, Lukianov DA, Moiseenko AV, Shchelkunov NM, Fedyanin AA, Sybachin AV. Ag 2O-Containing Biocidal Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes on Glass Surfaces-Adhesive Properties of the Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4690. [PMID: 38139942 PMCID: PMC10747383 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocidal coatings are of great interest to the healthcare system. In this work, the biocidal activity of coatings based on a complex biocide containing polymer and inorganic active antibacterial components was studied. Silver oxide was distributed in a matrix of a positively charged interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) using ultrasonic dispersion, forming nanoparticles with an average size of 5-6 nm. The formed nanoparticles in the matrix are not subject to agglomeration and changes in morphology during storage. It was found that the inclusion of silver oxide in a positively charged IPEC allows a more than 4-fold increase in the effectiveness of the complex biocide against E. coli K12 in comparison with the biocidal effect of PDADMAC and IPEC. Polycation, IPEC, and the IPEC/Ag2O ternary complex form coatings on the glass surface due to electrostatic adsorption. Adhesive and cohesive forces in the resulting coatings were studied with micron-scale coatings using dynamometry. It was found that the stability of the coating is determined primarily by adhesive interactions. At the macro level, it is not possible to reliably identify the role of IPEC formation in adhesion. On the other hand, use of the optical tweezers method makes it possible to analyze macromolecules at the submicron scale and to evaluate the multiple increase in adhesive forces when forming a coating from IPEC compared to coatings from PDADMAC. Thus, the application of ternary IPEC/Ag2O complexes makes it possible to obtain coatings with increased antibacterial action and improved adhesive characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislava A. Pigareva
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.P.); (V.I.M.); (D.A.L.)
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg S. Paltsev
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.P.); (V.I.M.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Valeria I. Marina
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.P.); (V.I.M.); (D.A.L.)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii A. Lukianov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.P.); (V.I.M.); (D.A.L.)
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei V. Moiseenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-5, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nikita M. Shchelkunov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.M.S.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Andrey A. Fedyanin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.M.S.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Andrey V. Sybachin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.P.); (V.I.M.); (D.A.L.)
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24
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Pérez-García L, Selin M, Ciarlo A, Magazzù A, Pesce G, Sasso A, Volpe G, Pérez Castillo I, Arzola AV. Optimal calibration of optical tweezers with arbitrary integration time and sampling frequencies: a general framework [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:6442-6469. [PMID: 38420310 PMCID: PMC10898575 DOI: 10.1364/boe.495468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Optical tweezers (OT) have become an essential technique in several fields of physics, chemistry, and biology as precise micromanipulation tools and microscopic force transducers. Quantitative measurements require the accurate calibration of the trap stiffness of the optical trap and the diffusion constant of the optically trapped particle. This is typically done by statistical estimators constructed from the position signal of the particle, which is recorded by a digital camera or a quadrant photodiode. The finite integration time and sampling frequency of the detector need to be properly taken into account. Here, we present a general approach based on the joint probability density function of the sampled trajectory that corrects exactly the biases due to the detector's finite integration time and limited sampling frequency, providing theoretical formulas for the most widely employed calibration methods: equipartition, mean squared displacement, autocorrelation, power spectral density, and force reconstruction via maximum-likelihood-estimator analysis (FORMA). Our results, tested with experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, will permit users of OT to confidently estimate the trap stiffness and diffusion constant, extending their use to a broader set of experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pérez-García
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Selin
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Ciarlo
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, I- 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Magazzù
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Pesce
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, I- 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Sasso
- Department of Physics E. Pancini, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia, I- 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Volpe
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isaac Pérez Castillo
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico
| | - Alejandro V. Arzola
- Departamento de Física Cuántica y Fotónica, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico
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25
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Fukuda S, Ando T. Technical advances in high-speed atomic force microscopy. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:2045-2058. [PMID: 38192344 PMCID: PMC10771405 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been 30 years since the outset of developing high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM), and 15 years have passed since its establishment in 2008. This advanced microscopy is capable of directly visualizing individual biological macromolecules in dynamic action and has been widely used to answer important questions that are inaccessible by other approaches. The number of publications on the bioapplications of HS-AFM has rapidly increased in recent years and has already exceeded 350. Although less visible than these biological studies, efforts have been made for further technical developments aimed at enhancing the fundamental performance of HS-AFM, such as imaging speed, low sample disturbance, and scan size, as well as expanding its functionalities, such as correlative microscopy, temperature control, buffer exchange, and sample manipulations. These techniques can expand the range of HS-AFM applications. After summarizing the key technologies underlying HS-AFM, this article focuses on recent technical advances and discusses next-generation HS-AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Fukuda
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Japan
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26
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Xu D, Li J, Liu L, Tang H. Boosting the Optical Trapping of a Single Virus by Quantum Dots Tagging Increases Virus Polarizability and Trap Stiffness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55174-55182. [PMID: 37966372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers use the momentum of photons to capture and manipulate particles in a noncontact way. Although related techniques have been widely used in biology and materials, research on viruses is still relatively limited. It is hard to optically trap viruses because trap stiffness is rather low and the size of viruses is too small. Here, we used an optical tweezers system coupled with a laser confocal fluorescence imaging system, which allows individual viruses to be imaged and trapped in real time and analyzed using multiple parameters in the culture medium. We show that a single virus tagged by quantum dots (QDs) can increase the real part of polarizability, further increasing gradient force and trap stiffness. With this method, we not only can trap and manipulate viruses in real time but also can analyze their interactions with other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwu Tang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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27
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Lu S, Chemla YR. Optical traps induce fluorophore photobleaching by two-photon excitation. Biophys J 2023; 122:4316-4325. [PMID: 37828742 PMCID: PMC10698272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Techniques combining optical tweezers with fluorescence microscopy have become increasingly popular. Unfortunately, the high-power, infrared lasers used to create optical traps can have a deleterious effect on dye stability. Previous studies have shown that dye photobleaching is enhanced by absorption of visible fluorescence excitation plus infrared trap photons, a process that can be significantly reduced by minimizing simultaneous exposure to both light sources. Here, we report another photobleaching pathway that results from direct excitation by the trapping laser alone. Our results show that this trap-induced fluorescence loss is a two-photon absorption process, as demonstrated by a quadratic dependence on the intensity of the trapping laser. We further show that, under conditions typical of many trap-based experiments, fluorescence emission of certain fluorophores near the trap focus can drop by 90% within 1 min. We investigate how photostability is affected by the choice of dye molecule, excitation and emission wavelength, and labeled molecule. Finally, we discuss the different photobleaching pathways in combined trap-fluorescence measurements, which guide the selection of optimal dyes and conditions for more robust experimental protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suoang Lu
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yann R Chemla
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Center of the Physics of Living Cells, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
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28
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Devi A, Neupane K, Jung H, Neuman KC, Woodside MT. Nonlinear effects in optical trapping of titanium dioxide and diamond nanoparticles. Biophys J 2023; 122:3439-3446. [PMID: 37496270 PMCID: PMC10502464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical trapping in biophysics typically uses micron-scale beads made of materials like polystyrene or glass to probe the target of interest. Using smaller beads made of higher-index materials could increase the time resolution of these measurements. We characterized the trapping of nanoscale beads made of diamond and titanium dioxide (TiO2) in a single-beam gradient trap. Calculating theoretical expectations for the trapping stiffness of these beads, we found good agreement with measured values. Trap stiffness was significantly higher for TiO2 beads, owing to notable enhancement from nonlinear optical effects, not previously observed for continuous-wave trapping. Trap stiffness was over 6-fold higher for TiO2 beads than polystyrene beads of similar size at 70 mW laser power. These results suggest that diamond and TiO2 nanobeads can be used to improve time resolution in optical tweezers measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Devi
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Krishna Neupane
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Haksung Jung
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Quantum Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keir C Neuman
- Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael T Woodside
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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29
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Liu N, Wang S, Lv J, Zhang J. Achiral nanoparticle trapping and chiral nanoparticle separating with quasi-BIC metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:28912-28928. [PMID: 37710700 DOI: 10.1364/oe.497432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric metasurfaces based on quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) are a promising approach for manipulating light-matter interactions. In this study, we numerically demonstrate the potential of silicon elliptical tetramer dielectric metasurfaces for achirality nanoparticle trapping and chiral nanoparticle separation. We first analyze a symmetric tetramer metasurface, which exhibits dual resonances (P1 and P2) with high electromagnetic field intensity enhancement and a high-quality factor (Q-factor). This metasurface can trap achiral nanoparticles with a maximum optical trapping force of 35 pN for 20 nm particles at an input intensity of 100 mW. We then investigate an asymmetric tetramer metasurface, which can identify and separate enantiomers under the excitation of left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) light. Results show that the chiral optical force can push one enantiomer towards regions of the quasi-BIC system while removing the other. In addition, the proposed asymmetric tetramer metasurface can provide multiple Fano resonances (ranging from R1 to R5) and high trap potential wells of up to 33 kBT. Our results demonstrate that the proposed all-dielectric metasurface has high performance in nanoparticle detection, with potential applications in biology, life science, and applied physics.
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30
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Fletcher EM, Bateman BC, Botchway SW, Ward AD, Sparkes IA. Applying Optical Tweezers with TIRF Microscopy to Quantify Physical Interactions Between Organelles in the Plant Endomembrane System. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e854. [PMID: 37555795 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant organelles are associated with each other through tethering proteins at membrane contact sites (MCS). Methods such as total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) optical tweezers allow us to probe organelle interactions in live plant cells. Optical tweezers (focused infrared laser beams) can trap organelles that have a different refractive index to their surrounding medium (cytosol), whilst TIRF allows us to simultaneously image behaviors of organelles in the thin region of cortical cytoplasm. However, few MCS tethering proteins have so far been identified and tested in a quantitative manner. Automated routines (such as setting trapping laser power and controlling the stage speed and distance) mean we can quantify organelle interactions in a repeatable and reproducible manner. Here we outline a series of protocols which describe laser calibrations required to collect robust data sets, generation of fluorescent plant material (Nicotiana tabacum, tobacco), how to set up an automated organelle trapping routine, and how to quantify organelle interactions (particularly organelle interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum). TIRF-optical tweezers enable quantitative testing of putative tethering proteins to reveal their role in plant organelle associations at MCS. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Microscope system set-up and stability Basic Protocol 2: Generation of transiently expressed fluorescent tobacco tissue by Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration Basic Protocol 3: Setting up an automated organelle trapping routine Basic Protocol 4: Quantifying organelle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor M Fletcher
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Benji C Bateman
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Stanley W Botchway
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Ward
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Imogen A Sparkes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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31
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Zaman MA, Wu M, Ren W, Jensen MA, Davis RW, Hesselink L. Resolution improvement of optoelectronic tweezers using patterned electrodes. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2023; 123:041104. [PMID: 37502178 PMCID: PMC10371355 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An optoelectronic tweezer (OET) device is presented that exhibits improved trapping resolution for a given optical spot size. The scheme utilizes a pair of patterned physical electrodes to produce an asymmetric electric field gradient. This, in turn, generates an azimuthal force component in addition to the conventional radial gradient force. Stable force equilibrium is achieved along a pair of antipodal points around the optical beam. Unlike conventional OETs where trapping can occur at any point around the beam perimeter, the proposed scheme improves the resolution by limiting trapping to two points. The working principle is analyzed by performing numerical analysis of the electromagnetic fields and corresponding forces. Experimental results are presented that show the trapping and manipulation of micro-particles using the proposed device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asif Zaman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Mo Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Michael A. Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Ronald W. Davis
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Lambertus Hesselink
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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32
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Lee J, Cotter K, Elsadek I, Comstock MJ, Pressé S. Few-body hydrodynamic interactions probed by optical trap pulling experiment. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:024201. [PMID: 37431906 PMCID: PMC10338065 DOI: 10.1063/5.0148096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We study the hydrodynamic coupling of neighboring micro-beads placed in a multiple optical trap setup allowing us to precisely control the degree of coupling and directly measure time-dependent trajectories of entrained beads. We performed measurements on configurations with increasing complexity starting with a pair of entrained beads moving in one dimension, then in two dimensions, and finally a triplet of beads moving in two dimensions. The average experimental trajectories of a probe bead compare well with the theoretical computation, illustrating the role of viscous coupling and setting timescales for probe bead relaxation. The findings also provide direct experimental corroborations of hydrodynamic coupling at large, micrometer spatial scales and long, millisecond timescales, of relevance to, e.g., microfluidic device design and hydrodynamic-assisted colloidal assembly, improving the capability of optical tweezers, and understanding the coupling between micrometer-scale objects within a living cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Lee
- Department of Bioinformatics and Life Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea
| | - Kyle Cotter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Ibrahim Elsadek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Matthew J Comstock
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Steve Pressé
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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33
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Nalupurackal G, Panja K, Chakraborty S, Roy S, Goswami J, Roy B, Singh R. Controlled roll rotation of a microparticle in a hydro-thermophoretic trap. PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH 2023; 5:033005. [PMID: 37675386 PMCID: PMC7615027 DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.5.033005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in controlling the motion of microparticles inside and outside a focused laser beam. A hydro-thermophoretic trap was recently reported [Nalupurackal et al., Soft Matter 18, 6825 (2022)], which can trap and manipulate microparticles and living cells outside a laser beam. Briefly, a hydro-thermophoretic trap works by the competition between thermoplasmonic flows due to laser heating of a substrate and thermophoresis away from the hotspot of the laser. Here, we extend that work to demonstrate the controlled roll rotation of a microparticle in a hydro-thermophoretic trap using experiments and theory. We experimentally measure the roll angular velocity of the trapped particle. We predict this roll rotation from theoretical computation of the fluid flow. The expression for the angular velocity fits the experimental data. Our method has potential applications in microrheology by employing a different mode of rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Nalupurackal
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kingshuk Panja
- Department of Physics, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Snigdhadev Chakraborty
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srestha Roy
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Jayesh Goswami
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Basudev Roy
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Physics, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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34
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Lee HM, Kim YW, Go EM, Revadekar C, Choi KH, Cho Y, Kwak SK, Park BJ. Direct measurements of the colloidal Debye force. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3838. [PMID: 37380657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloids often behave in a manner similar to their counterparts in molecular space and are used as model systems to understand molecular behavior. Here, we study like-charged colloidal attractions between a permanent dipole on an interfacial particle and its induced dipole on a water-immersed particle caused by diffuse layer polarization. We find that the scaling behavior of the measured dipole-induced dipole (D‒I) interaction via optical laser tweezers is in good agreement with that predicted from the molecular Debye interaction. The dipole character propagates to form aggregate chains. Using coarse-grained molecular dynamic simulations, we identify the separate roles of the D‒I attraction and the van der Waals attraction on aggregate formation. The D‒I attraction should be universal in a broad range of soft matter, such as colloids, polymers, clays, and biological materials, motivating researchers to further conduct in-depth research on these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang Mi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Yong Woo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Eun Min Go
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
- Corning Technology Center Korea, Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd., 212 Tangjeong-ro, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31454, South Korea
| | - Chetan Revadekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hwan Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Yumi Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
| | - Bum Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea.
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Robbins A, Hildebolt H, Neuhoff M, Beshay P, Winter JO, Castro CE, Bundschuh R, Poirier MG. Cooperative control of a DNA origami force sensor. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.26.546608. [PMID: 37425797 PMCID: PMC10327127 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.26.546608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Most biomolecular systems are dependent on a complex interplay of forces. Modern force spectroscopy techniques provide means of interrogating these forces. These techniques, however, are not optimized for studies in constrained or crowded environments as they typically require micron-scale beads in the case of magnetic or optical tweezers, or direct attachment to a cantilever in the case of atomic force microscopy. We implement a nanoscale force-sensing device using a DNA origami which is highly customizable in geometry, functionalization, and mechanical properties. The device, referred to as the NanoDyn, functions as a binary (open or closed) force sensor that undergoes a structural transition under an external force. The transition force is tuned with minor alterations of 1 to 3 DNA oligonucleotides and spans tens of picoNewtons (pN). This actuation of the NanoDyn is reversible and the design parameters strongly influence the efficiency of resetting the initial state, with higher stability devices (≳10 pN) resetting more reliably during repeated force-loading cycles. Finally, we show that the opening force can be adjusted in real time by the addition of a single DNA oligonucleotide. These results establish the NanoDyn as a versatile force sensor and provide fundamental insights into how design parameters modulate mechanical and dynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Robbins
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hazen Hildebolt
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael Neuhoff
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jessica O. Winter
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Carlos E. Castro
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ralf Bundschuh
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael G. Poirier
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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36
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Khorami AA, Barahimi B, Vatani S, Javanmard AS. Tunable plasmonic tweezers based on graphene nano-taper for nano-bio-particles manipulation: numerical study. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:21063-21077. [PMID: 37381215 DOI: 10.1364/oe.485994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
We take advantage of graphene nano-taper plasmons to design tunable plasmonic tweezers for neuroblastoma extracellular vesicles manipulation. It consists of Si/SiO2/Graphene stack topped by a microfluidic chamber. Using plasmons of isosceles-triangle-shaped graphene nano-taper with a resonance frequency of 6.25 THz, the proposed device can efficiently trap the nanoparticles. The plasmons of graphene nano-taper generate a large field intensity in the deep sub-wavelength area around the vertices of the triangle. We show that by engineering the dimensions of the graphene nano-taper and an appropriate choice of its Fermi energy, the desired near-field gradient force for trapping can be generated under relatively low-intensity illumination of the THz source when the nanoparticles are placed near the front vertex of the nano-taper. Our results show that the designed system with graphene nano-taper of L = 1200 nm length and W = 600 nm base size and THz source intensity of I = 2 mW/µm2, can trap polystyrene nanoparticles with diameters of D = 140, 73, and 54 nm, and with trap stiffnesses of ky = 9.9 fN/nm, ky = 23.77 fN/nm, and ky = 35.51 fN/nm at Fermi energies of Ef = 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 eV, respectively. It is well known that the plasmonic tweezer as a high-precision and non-contact means of control has potential applications in biology. Our investigations demonstrate that the proposed tweezing device with L = 1200 nm, W = 600 nm, and Ef = 0.6 eV can be utilized to manipulate the nano-bio-specimens. So that, at the given source intensity, it can trap the neuroblastoma extracellular vesicles, which are released by neuroblastoma cells and play an important role in modulating the function of neuroblastoma cells and other cell populations, as small as 88 nm at the front tip of isosceles-triangle-shaped graphene nano-taper. The trap stiffness for the given neuroblastoma extracellular vesicle is obtained as ky = 17.92 fN/nm.
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37
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Jung IH, Choi KH, Seo TS, An H, Park BJ. Quantification of polystyrene microsphere attachment probability at the oil‒water interface using a microfluidic platform. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16588. [PMID: 37292304 PMCID: PMC10245256 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of interparticle interactions and wettability on the particle attachment efficacy to the oil‒water interface. Three types of PS particles with different surface functional groups were examined at varying salt concentrations and the number of particles injected into the interface. Based on the microfluidic method and the surface coverage measurement, we found that the two contributing factors significantly influenced particle attachment efficiency to the interface, while the wettability factor has a major contribution. This research contributes to the understanding of physicochemical aspects of particle assembly at fluid interfaces and can offer strategies for forming tailored structures with desired interfacial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hwan Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hwan Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Tae Seok Seo
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
| | - Hyosung An
- Department of Petrochemical Materials Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeollanam-do, 59631, South Korea
| | - Bum Jun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
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38
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Marang C, Scott B, Chambers J, Gunther LK, Yengo CM, Debold EP. A mutation in switch I alters the load-dependent kinetics of myosin Va. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3137. [PMID: 37253724 PMCID: PMC10229639 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosin Va is the molecular motor that drives intracellular vesicular transport, powered by the transduction of chemical energy from ATP into mechanical work. The coupling of the powerstroke and phosphate (Pi) release is key to understanding the transduction process, and crucial details of this process remain unclear. Therefore, we determined the effect of elevated Pi on the force-generating capacity of a mini-ensemble of myosin Va S1 (WT) in a laser trap assay. By increasing the stiffness of the laser trap we determined the effect of increasing resistive loads on the rate of Pi-induced detachment from actin, and quantified this effect using the Bell approximation. We observed that WT myosin generated higher forces and larger displacements at the higher laser trap stiffnesses in the presence of 30 mM Pi, but binding event lifetimes decreased dramatically, which is most consistent with the powerstroke preceding the release of Pi from the active site. Repeating these experiments using a construct with a mutation in switch I of the active site (S217A) caused a seven-fold increase in the load-dependence of the Pi-induced detachment rate, suggesting that the S217A region of switch I may help mediate the load-dependence of Pi-rebinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Marang
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Brent Scott
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - James Chambers
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Laura K Gunther
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Christopher M Yengo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Edward P Debold
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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39
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Zhou Z, Hu G, Zhao S, Li H, Zhang F. Holographic Optical Tweezers That Use an Improved Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14051014. [PMID: 37241637 DOI: 10.3390/mi14051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It is very important for holographic optical tweezers (OTs) to develop high-quality phase holograms through calculation by using some computer algorithms, and one of the most commonly used algorithms is the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm. An improved GS algorithm is proposed in the paper to further enhance the capacities of holographic OTs, which can improve the calculation efficiencies compared with the traditional GS algorithm. The basic principle of the improved GS algorithm is first introduced, and then theoretical and experimental results are presented. A holographic OT is built by using a spatial light modulator (SLM), and the desired phase that is calculated by the improved GS algorithm is loaded onto the SLM to obtain expected optical traps. For the same sum of squares due to error SSE and fitting coefficient η, the iterative number from using the improved GS algorithm is smaller than that from using traditional GS algorithm, and the iteration speed is faster about 27%. Multi-particle trapping is first achieved, and dynamic multiple-particle rotation is further demonstrated, in which multiple changing hologram images are obtained continuously through the improved GS algorithm. The manipulation speed is faster than that from using the traditional GS algorithm. The iterative speed can be further improved if the computer capacities are further optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Huiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
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40
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Choi HK, Cong P, Ge C, Natarajan A, Liu B, Zhang Y, Li K, Rushdi MN, Chen W, Lou J, Krogsgaard M, Zhu C. Catch bond models may explain how force amplifies TCR signaling and antigen discrimination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2616. [PMID: 37147290 PMCID: PMC10163261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The TCR integrates forces in its triggering process upon interaction with pMHC. Force elicits TCR catch-slip bonds with strong pMHCs but slip-only bonds with weak pMHCs. We develop two models and apply them to analyze 55 datasets, demonstrating the models' ability to quantitatively integrate and classify a broad range of bond behaviors and biological activities. Comparing to a generic two-state model, our models can distinguish class I from class II MHCs and correlate their structural parameters with the TCR/pMHC's potency to trigger T cell activation. The models are tested by mutagenesis using an MHC and a TCR mutated to alter conformation changes. The extensive comparisons between theory and experiment provide model validation and testable hypothesis regarding specific conformational changes that control bond profiles, thereby suggesting structural mechanisms for the inner workings of the TCR mechanosensing machinery and plausible explanations of why and how force may amplify TCR signaling and antigen discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyu Choi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Peiwen Cong
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Chenghao Ge
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Dr., Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA
| | - Aswin Natarajan
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Baoyu Liu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kaitao Li
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Muaz Nik Rushdi
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Medtronic CO., Minneapolis, MN, 55432, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jizhong Lou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Michelle Krogsgaard
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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41
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Huber MJ, Ivleva NP, Booth AM, Beer I, Bianchi I, Drexel R, Geiss O, Mehn D, Meier F, Molska A, Parot J, Sørensen L, Vella G, Prina-Mello A, Vogel R, Caputo F. Physicochemical characterization and quantification of nanoplastics: applicability, limitations and complementarity of batch and fractionation methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04689-5. [PMID: 37106123 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive physicochemical characterization of heterogeneous nanoplastic (NPL) samples remains an analytical challenge requiring a combination of orthogonal measurement techniques to improve the accuracy and robustness of the results. Here, batch methods, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as separation/fractionation methods such as centrifugal liquid sedimentation (CLS) and field-flow fractionation (FFF)-multi-angle light scattering (MALS) combined with pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (pyGC-MS) or Raman microspectroscopy (RM) were evaluated for NPL size, shape, and chemical composition measurements and for quantification. A set of representative/test particles of different chemical natures, including (i) polydisperse polyethylene (PE), (ii) (doped) polystyrene (PS) NPLs, (iii) titanium dioxide, and (iv) iron oxide nanoparticles (spherical and elongated), was used to assess the applicability and limitations of the selected methodologies. Particle sizes and number-based concentrations obtained by orthogonal batch methods (DLS, NTA, TRPS) were comparable for monodisperse spherical samples, while higher deviations were observed for polydisperse, agglomerated samples and for non-spherical particles, especially for light scattering methods. CLS and TRPS offer further insight with increased size resolution, while detailed morphological information can be derived by electron microscopy (EM)-based approaches. Combined techniques such as FFF coupled to MALS and RM can provide complementary information on physical and chemical properties by online measurements, while pyGC-MS analysis of FFF fractions can be used for the identification of polymer particles (vs. inorganic particles) and for their offline (semi)quantification. However, NPL analysis in complex samples will continue to present a serious challenge for the evaluated techniques without significant improvements in sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian J Huber
- Institute of Water Chemistry (IWC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (NAT, Dep. Chemistry), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Natalia P Ivleva
- Institute of Water Chemistry (IWC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (NAT, Dep. Chemistry), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Andy M Booth
- Department of Climate and Environment, SINTEF Ocean AS, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Irina Beer
- Institute of Water Chemistry (IWC), Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (NAT, Dep. Chemistry), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Ivana Bianchi
- Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Otmar Geiss
- Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - Dora Mehn
- Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Alicja Molska
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jeremie Parot
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lisbet Sørensen
- Department of Climate and Environment, SINTEF Ocean AS, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gabriele Vella
- Laboratory of Biological Characterization for Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Laboratory of Biological Characterization for Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert Vogel
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Fanny Caputo
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway.
- Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais, Paris, France.
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42
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Chen X, Kislyakov IM, Wang T, Xie Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang J. Photoacoustic 2D actuator via femtosecond pulsed laser action on van der Waals interfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2135. [PMID: 37059706 PMCID: PMC10104871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving optically controlled nanomachine engineering can satisfy the touch-free and non-invasive demands of optoelectronics, nanotechnology, and biology. Traditional optical manipulations are mainly based on optical and photophoresis forces, and they usually drive particles in gas or liquid environments. However, the development of an optical drive in a non-fluidic environment, such as on a strong van der Waals interface, remains difficult. Herein, we describe an efficient 2D nanosheet actuator directed by an orthogonal femtosecond laser, where 2D VSe2 and TiSe2 nanosheets deposited on sapphire substrates can overcome the interface van der Waals forces (tens and hundreds of megapascals of surface density) and move on the horizontal surfaces. We attribute the observed optical actuation to the momentum generated by the laser-induced asymmetric thermal stress and surface acoustic waves inside the nanosheets. 2D semimetals with high absorption coefficient can enrich the family of materials suitable to implement optically controlled nanomachines on flat surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ivan M Kislyakov
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Tiejun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Yafeng Xie
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Photonic Integrated Circuits Center, Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
- Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
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43
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Fernández-Galiana Á, Bibikova O, Vilms Pedersen S, Stevens MM. Fundamentals and Applications of Raman-Based Techniques for the Design and Development of Active Biomedical Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2210807. [PMID: 37001970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an analytical method based on light-matter interactions that can interrogate the vibrational modes of matter and provide representative molecular fingerprints. Mediated by its label-free, non-invasive nature, and high molecular specificity, Raman-based techniques have become ubiquitous tools for in situ characterization of materials. This review comprehensively describes the theoretical and practical background of Raman spectroscopy and its advanced variants. The numerous facets of material characterization that Raman scattering can reveal, including biomolecular identification, solid-to-solid phase transitions, and spatial mapping of biomolecular species in bioactive materials, are highlighted. The review illustrates the potential of these techniques in the context of active biomedical material design and development by highlighting representative studies from the literature. These studies cover the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of both natural and synthetic biomaterials, including engineered tissue constructs, biopolymer systems, ceramics, and nanoparticle formulations, among others. To increase the accessibility and adoption of these techniques, the present review also provides the reader with practical recommendations on the integration of Raman techniques into the experimental laboratory toolbox. Finally, perspectives on how recent developments in plasmon- and coherently-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can propel Raman from underutilized to critical for biomaterial development are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Galiana
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Olga Bibikova
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Simon Vilms Pedersen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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44
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Biswas R, Parmar VRS, Thambi AG, Bandyopadhyay R. Correlating microscopic viscoelasticity and structure of an aging colloidal gel using active microrheology and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2407-2416. [PMID: 36928531 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01457b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers (OTs) can detect pico-Newton range forces operating on a colloidal particle trapped in a medium and have been successfully utilized to investigate complex systems with internal structures. LAPONITE® clay particles in an aqueous medium self-assemble to form microscopic networks over time as electrostatic interactions between the particles gradually evolve in a physical aging process. We investigate the forced movements of an optically trapped micron-sized colloidal probe particle, suspended in an aging LAPONITE® suspension, as the underlying LAPONITE® microstructures gradually develop. Our OT-based oscillatory active microrheology experiments allow us to investigate the mechanical responses of the evolving microstructures in aging aqueous clay suspensions of concentrations ranging from 2.5% w/v to 3.0% w/v and at several aging times between 90 and 150 minutes. We repeat such oscillatory measurements for a range of colloidal probe particle diameters and investigate the effect of probe size on the microrheology of the aging suspensions. Using cryogenic field emission scanning electron microscopy (cryo-FESEM), we examine the average pore areas of the LAPONITE® suspension microstructures for various sample concentrations and aging times. By combining our OT and cryo-FESEM data, we report here for the first time to the best of our knowledge, an inverse correlation between the crossover modulus and the average pore diameter of the aging suspension microstructures for the different suspension concentrations and probe particle sizes studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Biswas
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560 080, India.
| | - Vaibhav Raj Singh Parmar
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560 080, India.
| | - Anson G Thambi
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560 080, India.
| | - Ranjini Bandyopadhyay
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore 560 080, India.
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45
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Tkachenko G, Truong VG, Esporlas CL, Sanskriti I, Nic Chormaic S. Evanescent field trapping and propulsion of Janus particles along optical nanofibers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1691. [PMID: 36973283 PMCID: PMC10043011 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small composite objects, known as Janus particles, drive sustained scientific interest primarily targeted at biomedical applications, where such objects act as micro- or nanoscale actuators, carriers, or imaging agents. A major practical challenge is to develop effective methods for the manipulation of Janus particles. The available long-range methods mostly rely on chemical reactions or thermal gradients, therefore having limited precision and strong dependency on the content and properties of the carrier fluid. To tackle these limitations, we propose the manipulation of Janus particles (here, silica microspheres half-coated with gold) by optical forces in the evanescent field of an optical nanofiber. We find that Janus particles exhibit strong transverse localization on the nanofiber and much faster propulsion compared to all-dielectric particles of the same size. These results establish the effectiveness of near-field geometries for optical manipulation of composite particles, where new waveguide-based or plasmonic solutions could be envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiy Tkachenko
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Viet Giang Truong
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Cindy Liza Esporlas
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Isha Sanskriti
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.
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46
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Jackson DJ, Dawes BA, Kamenetska M. Simultaneous Force and Darkfield Measurements Reveal Solvent-Dependent Axial Control of Optically Trapped Gold Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:2830-2836. [PMID: 36912824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Single molecule force spectroscopy using optical tweezers (OT) has enabled nanoresolved measurements of dynamic biological processes but not of synthetic molecular mechanisms. Standard OT probes made from silica or polystyrene are incompatible with trapping in organic solvents for solution phase chemistry or with force-detected absorption spectroscopies. Here, we demonstrate optical trapping of gold nanoparticles in both aqueous and organic conditions using a custom OT and darkfield instrument which can uniquely measure force and scattering spectra of single gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) simultaneously. Our work reveals that standard models of trapping developed for aqueous conditions cannot account for the trends observed in different media here. We determine that higher pushing forces mitigate the increase in trapping force in higher index organic solvents and lead to axial displacement of the particle which can be controlled through trap intensity. This work develops a new model framework incorporating axial forces for understanding nanoparticle dynamics in an optical trap. These results establish the combined darkfield OT with Au NPs as an effective OT probe for single molecule and single particle spectroscopy experiments, with three-dimensional nanoscale control over NP location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Brian A Dawes
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Maria Kamenetska
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division of Material Science and Engineering; Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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47
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Kim J, Martin OJF. Trap-and-Track for Characterizing Surfactants at Interfaces. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062859. [PMID: 36985832 PMCID: PMC10058797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of surfactants at interfaces is crucial for many applications in materials science and chemistry. Optical tweezers combined with trajectory analysis can become a powerful tool for investigating surfactant characteristics. In this study, we perform trap-and-track analysis to compare the behavior of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) at water-glass interfaces. We use optical tweezers to trap a gold nanoparticle and statistically analyze the particle's movement in response to various surfactant concentrations, evidencing the rearrangement of surfactants adsorbed on glass surfaces. Our results show that counterions have a significant effect on surfactant behavior at the interface. The greater binding affinity of bromide ions to CTA+ micelle surfaces reduces the repulsion among surfactant head groups and enhances the mobility of micelles adsorbed on the interface. Our study provides valuable insights into the behavior of surfactants at interfaces and highlights the potential of optical tweezers for surfactant research. The development of this trap-and-track approach can have important implications for various applications, including drug delivery and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyeon Kim
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier J F Martin
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Elbaz T, Chauhan A, Halstuch A, Shalev G, Karabchevsky A. Step-Index (Semi-Immersed) Model for Photonic Nanojet and Experimental Characterization via Near-Field Optical Microscopy with Microcylinder. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1033. [PMID: 36985926 PMCID: PMC10052061 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Experimental limitations such as design complexity and low optical throughput have prevented photonic nanojet (PNJ) and photonic hook (PH) measurements from demonstrating and characterizing the implementation of narrow intense electromagnetic beams generated from dielectric microelements with circular symmetry. Near-fields optical microscopy can mitigate these limitations and still present a capability of detecting a highly localized electromagnetic beam for applications in step-index media. Here we model a localized PNJ and PH formation in step-index media. We show that despite negligible refractive index contrast between the water (nwater=1.33) and silica microcylinder (∼1.1), a formation of PNJ and PH is observed with equivalent performance compared to that of silica microcylinder embedded in air (nair=1). This model features a practical fiber source and silica microcylinder as an auxiliary structure. Simultaneously, we performed experimental characterization of a photonic nanojet generated from an optical fiber and studied the resulting near-fields. Our electromagnetic simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental ones, demonstrating a full width at half maximum (FHWM) with a relative error of 0.64%. This system will make fiber-based nanojet realization and characterization accessible and practical for optics and laser engineering applications, super-resolution imaging, and nanolithography.
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Lee M, Hugonnet H, Lee MJ, Cho Y, Park Y. Optical trapping with holographically structured light for single-cell studies. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:011302. [PMID: 38505814 PMCID: PMC10903426 DOI: 10.1063/5.0111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A groundbreaking work in 1970 by Arthur Ashkin paved the way for developing various optical trapping techniques. Optical tweezers have become an established method for the manipulation of biological objects, due to their noninvasiveness and precise controllability. Recent innovations are accelerating and now enable single-cell manipulation through holographic light structuring. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in optical tweezer techniques for studies at the individual cell level. Our review focuses on holographic optical tweezers that utilize active spatial light modulators to noninvasively manipulate live cells. The versatility of the technology has led to valuable integrations with microscopy, microfluidics, and biotechnological techniques for various single-cell studies. We aim to recapitulate the basic principles of holographic optical tweezers, highlight trends in their biophysical applications, and discuss challenges and future prospects.
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50
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Yang S, Allen JA, Hong C, Arnold KP, Weiss SM, Ndukaife JC. Multiplexed Long-Range Electrohydrodynamic Transport and Nano-Optical Trapping with Cascaded Bowtie Photonic Crystal Nanobeams. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:083802. [PMID: 36898095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.083802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal cavities with bowtie defects that combine ultrahigh Q and ultralow mode volume are theoretically studied for low-power nanoscale optical trapping. By harnessing the localized heating of the water layer near the bowtie region, combined with an applied alternating current electric field, this system provides long-range electrohydrodynamic transport of particles with average radial velocities of 30 μm/s towards the bowtie region on demand by switching the input wavelength. Once transported to a given bowtie region, synergistic interaction of optical gradient and attractive negative thermophoretic forces stably trap a 10 nm quantum dot in a potential well with a depth of 10 k_{B}T using a mW input power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Joshua A Allen
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Chuchuan Hong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Kellen P Arnold
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Sharon M Weiss
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Justus C Ndukaife
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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