1
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Sekh T, Cherniukh I, Kobiyama E, Sheehan TJ, Manoli A, Zhu C, Athanasiou M, Sergides M, Ortikova O, Rossell MD, Bertolotti F, Guagliardi A, Masciocchi N, Erni R, Othonos A, Itskos G, Tisdale WA, Stöferle T, Rainò G, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV. All-Perovskite Multicomponent Nanocrystal Superlattices. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8423-8436. [PMID: 38446635 PMCID: PMC10958606 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Nanocrystal superlattices (NC SLs) have long been sought as promising metamaterials, with nanoscale-engineered properties arising from collective and synergistic effects among the constituent building blocks. Lead halide perovskite (LHP) NCs come across as outstanding candidates for SL design, as they demonstrate collective light emission, known as superfluorescence, in single- and multicomponent SLs. Thus far, LHP NCs have only been assembled in single-component SLs or coassembled with dielectric NC building blocks acting solely as spacers between luminescent NCs. Here, we report the formation of multicomponent LHP NC-only SLs, i.e., using only CsPbBr3 NCs of different sizes as building blocks. The structural diversity of the obtained SLs encompasses the ABO6, ABO3, and NaCl structure types, all of which contain orientationally and positionally locked NCs. For the selected model system, the ABO6-type SL, we observed efficient NC coupling and Förster-like energy transfer from strongly confined 5.3 nm CsPbBr3 NCs to weakly confined 17.6 nm CsPbBr3 NCs, along with characteristic superfluorescence features at cryogenic temperatures. Spatiotemporal exciton dynamics measurements reveal that binary SLs exhibit enhanced exciton diffusivity compared to single-component NC assemblies across the entire temperature range (from 5 to 298 K). The observed coherent and incoherent NC coupling and controllable excitonic transport within the solid NC SLs hold promise for applications in quantum optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras
V. Sekh
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ihor Cherniukh
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas J. Sheehan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andreas Manoli
- Experimental
Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Chenglian Zhu
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Modestos Athanasiou
- Experimental
Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marios Sergides
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Science, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Oleksandra Ortikova
- Electron
Microscopy Center, Empa−Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marta D. Rossell
- Electron
Microscopy Center, Empa−Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Federica Bertolotti
- Department
of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Antonietta Guagliardi
- Istituto
di Cristallografia and To.Sca.Lab, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Norberto Masciocchi
- Department
of Science and High Technology and To.Sca.Lab, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Rolf Erni
- Electron
Microscopy Center, Empa−Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Othonos
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Science, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Grigorios Itskos
- Experimental
Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thilo Stöferle
- IBM
Research Europe−Zürich, Rüschlikon CH-8803, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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2
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Self-assembly in binary mixtures of spherical colloids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Quintela Matos I, Escobedo F. Congruent phase behavior of a binary compound crystal of colloidal spheres and dimpled cubes. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:214503. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Quintela Matos
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Fernando Escobedo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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4
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Yadav HOS. Understanding the binary interactions of noble metal and semiconductor nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9262-9272. [PMID: 32929437 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00949k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the solvation and effective pair interactions of Au (1.2 nm) and CdSe (2.2 nm) nanoparticles passivated with alkanethiol and alkylamine ligands, respectively, for two different chain lengths in vacuum and n-hexane at 300 K. The solvation studies focus on quantifying the ligand and solvent shell structures, which are used to rationalize the interactions of nanoparticles in solution. To investigate the effective pair interactions, we compute the isotropic potential of mean forces (PMFs) between two nanoparticles and also analyze the anisotropy in the interactions that arises as a result of ligand shell fluctuations. Both isotropic and anisotropic contributions to the effective pair interactions between the two classes of nanoparticles are compared as a function of the ligand chain length and the solvent quality. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of the anisotropic aspect in the interparticle interactions is essential to properly describe the self-assembly thermodynamics of passivated nanoparticles. The implications of the coarse-grained modeling of the formation of binary nanocrystal superlattices (BNSLs) are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari O S Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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5
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Bommineni PK, Klement M, Engel M. Spontaneous Crystallization in Systems of Binary Hard Sphere Colloids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:218003. [PMID: 32530682 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.218003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Computer simulations of the fluid-to-solid phase transition in the hard sphere system were instrumental for our understanding of crystallization processes. But while colloid experiments and theory have been predicting the stability of several binary hard sphere crystals for many years, simulations were not successful to confirm this phenomenon. Here, we report the growth of binary hard sphere crystals isostructural to Laves phases, AlB_{2}, and NaZn_{13} in simulation directly from the fluid. We analyze particle kinetics during Laves phase growth using event-driven molecular dynamics simulations with and without swap moves that speed up diffusion. The crystallization process transitions from nucleation and growth to spinodal decomposition already deep within the fluid-solid coexistence regime. Finally, we present packing fraction-size ratio state diagrams in the vicinity of the stability regions of three binary crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K Bommineni
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Klement
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Engel
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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6
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van der Meer B, Smallenburg F, Dijkstra M, Filion L. High antisite defect concentrations in hard-sphere colloidal Laves phases. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4155-4161. [PMID: 32266918 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00335b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Binary mixtures of hard spheres can spontaneously self-assemble into binary crystals. Computer simulations have been especially useful in mapping out the phase behaviour of these mixtures, under the assumption that the stoichiometry of the binary crystal is ideal. Here we show that for a size ratio of q = 0.82 this assumption is not valid near the coexistence region between the fluid and the stable binary crystal, the MgZn2 Laves phase. Instead we find a surprisingly high number of antisite defects: up to 2% of the large spheres are replaced by small spheres in equilibrium. We demonstrate that the defect concentration can be estimated using simple approximations, providing an easy way to identify systems where antisite defects play an important role. Our results shed new light on the self-assembly of colloidal Laves phases, and demonstrate the importance of antisite defects in binary crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berend van der Meer
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank Smallenburg
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Filion
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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7
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Van HP, Fortini A, Schmidt M. Crystal structures in binary hard-sphere colloid-droplet mixtures with patchy cross interactions. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:012608. [PMID: 32069591 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.012608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A binary mixture of droplets and patchy colloids, where patches are arranged in tetrahedral symmetry, is studied with Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations. The colloidal patches attract droplets, while both the colloid-colloid and the droplet-droplet interactions are hard sphere like. We find stable crystal structures with atomic analogs ZnS, CaF_{2}, and fcc or hcp (face centered cubic or hexagonal close packed) of the droplets coexisting with a dispersed fluid of the colloids. The simulated crystal structures agree well with those predicted by close-packing calculations for an intermediate range of droplet-colloid size ratios. A discrepancy between the simulations and theoretical predictions occurs at low and high size ratios. The results of the simulations for mixtures with anisotropic colloid-droplet interactions reveal a richer phase diagram, with ZnS-gas and ZnS-fluid coexistence, as compared to the isotropic case. For the example of a square planar patch arrangement, we find a particular crystal structure, consisting of two interpenetrating fcc or hcp lattices with right bond angles. Such a structure has no known atomic analog. Our study of generic models of anisotropic colloid-droplet mixtures could provide a promising way towards the fabrication of novel and complex colloidal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Pham Van
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuanthuy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Andrea Fortini
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Theoretische Physik II, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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8
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Martinez-Sotelo E, Escobedo-Sánchez MA, Laurati M. Effect of size disparity on the structure and dynamics of the small component in concentrated binary colloidal mixtures. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:164504. [PMID: 31675880 DOI: 10.1063/1.5122306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined, using confocal microscopy, the structure and dynamics of the small component in concentrated binary colloidal mixtures with moderate and large size ratios and different compositions of Polymethyl methacrylate particles. We show that when increasing the content of small spheres at fixed total volume fraction, a transition in the local environment of the small particles is observed, from a mixed environment of other small and large particles to a local environment of only small particles. The transition is rather abrupt for moderate size ratios, while it becomes particularly broad for large size ratios. This can be associated with the improved ability of the small particles to pack in between the large particles for larger size ratios. The dynamics reflect the transition with an increase of the mobility observed at intermediate mixing. This increase becomes particularly pronounced for large size ratios, leading to diffusive dynamics of the small particles, in agreement with predictions of theories of the glass transition in binary hard-sphere mixtures. The composition at which the fastest dynamics are observed is apparently independent of the size ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martinez-Sotelo
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierás, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, 37150 León, Mexico
| | - M A Escobedo-Sánchez
- Soft Matter Laboratory, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 42150 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Laurati
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierás, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, 37150 León, Mexico
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9
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Biotechnological applications of nanostructured hybrids of polyamine carbon quantum dots and iron oxide nanoparticles. Amino Acids 2019; 52:301-311. [PMID: 30941575 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of different nanomaterials has been investigated during the past few decades and represents an exciting challenge for the unexpected emerging properties of the resulting nano-hybrids. Spermidine (Spd), a biogenic polyamine, has emerged as a useful functional monomer for the development of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Herein, an electrostatically stabilized ternary hybrid, constituted of iron oxide-DNA (the core) and spermidine carbon quantum dots (CQDSpds, the shell), was self-assembled and fully characterized. The as-obtained nano-hybrid was tested on HeLa cells to evaluate its biocompatibility as well as cellular uptake. Most importantly, besides being endowed by the magnetic features of the core, it displayed drastically enhanced fluorescence properties in comparison with parent CQDSpds and it is efficiently internalized by HeLa cells. This novel ternary nano-hybrid with multifaceted properties, ranging from fluorescence to superparamagnetism, represents an interesting option for cell tracking.
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10
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Coropceanu I, Boles MA, Talapin DV. Systematic Mapping of Binary Nanocrystal Superlattices: The Role of Topology in Phase Selection. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5728-5740. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael A. Boles
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Dmitri V. Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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11
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Schaertl N, Botin D, Palberg T, Bartsch E. Formation of Laves phases in buoyancy matched hard sphere suspensions. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5130-5139. [PMID: 29881859 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal Laves phases (LPs) are promising precursors for photonic materials. Laves phases have not yet been observed to form in experiments on colloidal suspensions of hard spheres (HS), even though they have been reported in computer simulations. LP formation so far has been achieved only for binary mixtures of colloidal charged spheres or ligand-stabilized nano-particles after drying. Using static light scattering, we monitored LP formation and annealing in a binary mixture of buoyant hard sphere approximants (size ratio Γ = 0.77, number or molar fraction of small spheres xS = 0.76) for volume fractions in the fluid-crystal coexistence regions. All samples spontaneously formed MgZn2 type LPs on the time scale of weeks to months via bulk nucleation and growth. Irrespective of the initial suspension volume fractions, the LP volume fraction at coexistence is ΦCOEX = 0.59 which is significantly below the close packing limit ΦMAX = 0.615 and remarkably close to the expectation from simulation. At low volume fractions, crystals anneal to high quality during coarsening which is in line with recent theoretical expectations for the thermodynamic stability of different LP types. At large volume fractions, however, the diffractograms evolve towards a more MgCu2-like appearance which we attribute to the formation of randomly stacked LPs. Such structures are not known from atomic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schaertl
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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12
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Boattini E, Ram M, Smallenburg F, Filion L. Neural-network-based order parameters for classification of binary hard-sphere crystal structures. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1483537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Boattini
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Ram
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Smallenburg
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Laura Filion
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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13
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Coslovich D, Ozawa M, Berthier L. Local order and crystallization of dense polydisperse hard spheres. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:144004. [PMID: 29460847 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aab0c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Computer simulations give precious insight into the microscopic behavior of supercooled liquids and glasses, but their typical time scales are orders of magnitude shorter than the experimentally relevant ones. We recently closed this gap for a class of models of size polydisperse fluids, which we successfully equilibrate beyond laboratory time scales by means of the swap Monte Carlo algorithm. In this contribution, we study the interplay between compositional and geometric local orders in a model of polydisperse hard spheres equilibrated with this algorithm. Local compositional order has a weak state dependence, while local geometric order associated to icosahedral arrangements grows more markedly but only at very high density. We quantify the correlation lengths and the degree of sphericity associated to icosahedral structures and compare these results to those for the Wahnström Lennard-Jones mixture. Finally, we analyze the structure of very dense samples that partially crystallized following a pattern incompatible with conventional fractionation scenarios. The crystal structure has the symmetry of aluminum diboride and involves a subset of small and large particles with size ratio approximately equal to 0.5.
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14
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Escobedo FA. Optimizing the formation of colloidal compounds with components of different shapes. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:214501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5006047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A. Escobedo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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15
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Lim SH, Lee T, Oh Y, Narayanan T, Sung BJ, Choi SM. Hierarchically self-assembled hexagonal honeycomb and kagome superlattices of binary 1D colloids. Nat Commun 2017; 8:360. [PMID: 28842555 PMCID: PMC5572454 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00512-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of binary nanoparticle superlattices has attracted attention for a broad spectrum of potential applications. However, this has remained challenging for one-dimensional nanoparticle systems. In this study, we investigate the packing behavior of one-dimensional nanoparticles of different diameters into a hexagonally packed cylindrical micellar system and demonstrate that binary one-dimensional nanoparticle superlattices of two different symmetries can be obtained by tuning particle diameter and mixing ratios. The hexagonal arrays of one-dimensional nanoparticles are embedded in the honeycomb lattices (for AB2 type) or kagome lattices (for AB3 type) of micellar cylinders. The maximization of free volume entropy is considered as the main driving force for the formation of superlattices, which is well supported by our theoretical free energy calculations. Our approach provides a route for fabricating binary one-dimensional nanoparticle superlattices and may be applicable for inorganic one-dimensional nanoparticle systems. Binary mixtures of 1D particles are rarely observed to cooperatively self-assemble into binary superlattices, as the particle types separate into phases. Here, the authors design a system that avoids phase separation, obtaining binary superlattices with different symmetries by simply tuning the particle diameter and mixture composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwan Lim
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Lee
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Theyencheri Narayanan
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Bong June Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Choi
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Bommineni PK, Punnathanam SN. Molecular simulation of homogeneous crystal nucleation of AB2 solid phase from a binary hard sphere mixture. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:064504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4997432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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17
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Escobedo FA. Optimizing the formation of solid solutions with components of different shapes. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:134508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A. Escobedo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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18
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Baratella D, Magro M, Jakubec P, Bonaiuto E, de Almeida Roger J, Gerotto E, Zoppellaro G, Tucek J, Safarova KC, Zbořil R, Cecconello A, Willner I, Santagata S, Sambo P, Vianello F. Electrostatically stabilized hybrids of carbon and maghemite nanoparticles: electrochemical study and application. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11668-11677. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01486d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peculiar electrocatalytic properties emerged in electrostatically stabilized binary hybrids composed of maghemite nanoparticles and differently charged carbon nanomaterials.
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19
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Escobedo FA. Effect of inter-species selective interactions on the thermodynamics and nucleation free-energy barriers of a tessellating polyhedral compound. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:211903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4953862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A. Escobedo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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20
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Tan R, Zhu H, Cao C, Chen O. Multi-component superstructures self-assembled from nanocrystal building blocks. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:9944-61. [PMID: 27136751 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01662f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
More than three decades of intensive study to make high-quality nanocrystals have created a unique toolbox for building multi-component superstructures, which have been recognized as a new generation of metamaterials important to both fundamental sciences and applied technologies. This minireview summarizes recent advances in this exciting field. We will focus our discussion on the synthetic strategies and superstructures of this multi-component metamaterial, and highlight their novel properties and potential applications. Additionally, some perspectives on possible developments in this field are offered at the end of this review. We hope that this minireview will both inform and stimulate research interests for the design and fabrication of these nanocrystal-based multi-component metamaterials for diverse applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook St., Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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21
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Kozina A, Díaz-Leyva P, Palberg T, Bartsch E. Crystallization kinetics of colloidal binary mixtures with depletion attraction. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9523-9533. [PMID: 25354340 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02193b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work the crystallization kinetics of colloidal binary mixtures with attractive interaction potential (Asakura-Oosawa) has been addressed. Parameters such as fraction of crystals, linear crystal dimension and crystal packing have been quantified in order to understand how the crystal formation is driven in terms of the depth of the attractive potential and the composition of the binary mixture (described by the number ratio). It was found that inside the eutectic triangle, crystallization is mainly governed by nucleation and the crystal packing is close to the close-packing of hard spheres. Moving out from the eutectic triangle towards small component results in the crystallization of small spheres. Enrichment of the eutectic mixture with large component results in the crystallization of both large and small spheres, however, the kinetics are completely different from those of the eutectic composition. Crosslinked polystyrene microgels with nearly hard sphere interactions were used as model systems. Attraction was introduced by addition of linear polystyrene. The time evolution of crystallization has been followed by static light scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kozina
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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22
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Kung SC, Chang CC, Fan W, Snyder MA. Template-free ordered mesoporous silicas by binary nanoparticle assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:11802-11811. [PMID: 25203868 DOI: 10.1021/la502835s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Evaporation-induced convective binary assembly of large (A) and small (B) silica nanoparticles is demonstrated as a template-free route to three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous silicas (OMSs), the pore topology of which derives from the interconnected interstices of the resulting ordered nanoparticulate structures. Even without explicit solvent index matching or stabilization (e.g., charge or steric) beyond intrinsic properties of the amino acid nanoparticle synthesis solution, assembly of binary mixtures of silica nanoparticles of ca. 10-50 nm in diameter primarily obeys hard-sphere phase behavior despite differences in electrostatic character of the particles. Specifically, the particle size ratio, γ, governs symmetry of the assemblies among AB2 and AB13 phases and enables access of the AB phase. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) reveals the high yield of ordered binary assemblies and confirms, in combination with transmission electron microscopy, the AlB2, NaZn13, and NaCl crystalline isostructures. Interstitial solid solutions result for the smallest γ considered (γ ≤ 0.3), wherein cubic crystallization of the large particles is templated by interstitially mobile small particles. New mechanistic insight into factors influencing the yield of ordered binary structures includes the degree to which the smaller particles (ca. 15-24 nm) within the mixture undergo unary crystallization, as influenced by lysine or other basic amino acids used in the nanoparticle synthesis, as well as matching of the time scales for convective nanoparticle assembly and crystallization. Ultimately, the demonstrated robustness of the binary nanoparticle assembly and the control over silica particle size translate to a facile, template-free approach to OMSs with independently tunable pore topology and pore size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chieh Kung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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23
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Lim SH, Jang HS, Ha JM, Kim TH, Kwasniewski P, Narayanan T, Jin KS, Choi SM. Highly Ordered and Highly Aligned Two-Dimensional Binary Superlattice of a SWNT/Cylindrical-Micellar System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Escobedo FA. Mapping coexistence lines via free-energy extrapolation: Application to order-disorder phase transitions of hard-core mixtures. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:094102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4866764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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25
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Ganagalla SR, Punnathanam SN. Free energy barriers for homogeneous crystal nucleation in a eutectic system of binary hard spheres. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:174503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4802777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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26
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Mallick B, Ninet S, Le Marchand G, Munsch P, Datchi F. CO2-helium and CO2-neon mixtures at high pressures. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:044505. [PMID: 23387603 DOI: 10.1063/1.4788621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of mixtures of carbon dioxide with helium or neon have been investigated as a function of CO(2) concentration and pressure up to 30 GPa at room temperature. The binary phase diagrams of these mixtures are determined over the full range of CO(2) concentrations using visual observations and Raman scattering measurements. Both diagrams are of eutectic type, with a fluid-fluid miscibility gap for CO(2) concentrations in the range [5, 75] mol. % for He and [8, 55] mol. % for Ne, and a complete separation between the two components in the solid phase. The absence of alloys or stoichiometric compounds for these two binary systems is consistent with the Hume-Rothery rules of hard sphere mixtures. The Raman spectra and x-ray diffraction patterns of solid CO(2) embedded in He or Ne for various initial concentrations have been measured up to 30 GPa and 12 GPa, respectively. The frequencies of the Raman modes and the volume of solid phase I are identical, within error bars, to those reported for 100% CO(2) samples, thus confirming the total immiscibility of CO(2) with He and Ne in the solid phase. These results demonstrate the possibility to perform high-pressure experiments on solid CO(2) under (quasi-)hydrostatic conditions using He or Ne as pressure transmitting medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mallick
- Université P.&M. Curie-Paris 6, CNRS, UMR 7590, IMPMC, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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27
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Zheng T, Sun LD, Zhou JC, Feng W, Zhang C, Yan CH. Construction of NaREF4-based binary and bilayer nanocrystal assemblies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5799-801. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39108f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Kuroda Y, Sakamoto Y, Kuroda K. Selective Cleavage of Periodic Mesoscale Structures: Two-Dimensional Replication of Binary Colloidal Crystals into Dimpled Gold Nanoplates. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8684-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3026054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakamoto
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Research Center, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Kagami Memorial Research Institute
for Materials Science and Technology, Waseda University, 2-8-26 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan
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29
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Nagarjuna G, Venkataraman D. Strategies for controlling the active layer morphologies in OPVs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Pavaskar G, Sharma S, Punnathanam SN. Effect of charge asymmetry and charge screening on structure of superlattices formed by oppositely charged colloidal particles. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:134506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3700226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Hopkins AB, Stillinger FH, Torquato S. Densest binary sphere packings. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:021130. [PMID: 22463175 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.021130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The densest binary sphere packings in the α-x plane of small to large sphere radius ratio α and small sphere relative concentration x have historically been very difficult to determine. Previous research had led to the prediction that these packings were composed of a few known "alloy" phases including, for example, the AlB(2) (hexagonal ω), HgBr(2), and AuTe(2) structures, and to XY(n) structures composed of close-packed large spheres with small spheres (in a number ratio of n to 1) in the interstices, e.g., the NaCl packing for n=1. However, utilizing an implementation of the Torquato-Jiao sphere-packing algorithm [Torquato and Jiao, Phys. Rev. E 82, 061302 (2010)], we have discovered that many more structures appear in the densest packings. For example, while all previously known densest structures were composed of spheres in small to large number ratios of one to one, two to one, and very recently three to one, we have identified densest structures with number ratios of seven to three and five to two. In a recent work [Hopkins et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 125501 (2011)], we summarized these findings. In this work, we present the structures of the densest-known packings and provide details about their characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that a broad array of different densest mechanically stable structures consisting of only two types of components can form without any consideration of attractive or anisotropic interactions. In addition, the structures that we have identified may correspond to currently unidentified stable phases of certain binary atomic and molecular systems, particularly at high temperatures and pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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32
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Gebhardt R, Holzmüller W, Zhong Q, Müller-Buschbaum P, Kulozik U. Structural ordering of casein micelles on silicon nitride micro-sieves during filtration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 88:240-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Peyton SR, Kalcioglu ZI, Cohen JC, Runkle AP, Van Vliet KJ, Lauffenburger DA, Griffith LG. Marrow-derived stem cell motility in 3D synthetic scaffold is governed by geometry along with adhesivity and stiffness. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:1181-93. [PMID: 21449030 DOI: 10.1002/bit.23027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Design of 3D scaffolds that can facilitate proper survival, proliferation, and differentiation of progenitor cells is a challenge for clinical applications involving large connective tissue defects. Cell migration within such scaffolds is a critical process governing tissue integration. Here, we examine effects of scaffold pore diameter, in concert with matrix stiffness and adhesivity, as independently tunable parameters that govern marrow-derived stem cell motility. We adopted an "inverse opal" processing technique to create synthetic scaffolds by crosslinking poly(ethylene glycol) at different densities (controlling matrix elastic moduli or stiffness) and small doses of a heterobifunctional monomer (controlling matrix adhesivity) around templating beads of different radii. As pore diameter was varied from 7 to 17 µm (i.e., from significantly smaller than the spherical cell diameter to approximately cell diameter), it displayed a profound effect on migration of these stem cells-including the degree to which motility was sensitive to changes in matrix stiffness and adhesivity. Surprisingly, the highest probability for substantive cell movement through pores was observed for an intermediate pore diameter, rather than the largest pore diameter, which exceeded cell diameter. The relationships between migration speed, displacement, and total path length were found to depend strongly on pore diameter. We attribute this dependence to convolution of pore diameter and void chamber diameter, yielding different geometric environments experienced by the cells within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly R Peyton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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34
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Lorenz NJ, Palberg T. Melting and freezing lines for a mixture of charged colloidal spheres with spindle-type phase diagram. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:104501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3487523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Bayer FM, Hiltrop K, Huber K. Hydrogen-bond-induced heteroassembly in binary colloidal systems. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:13815-13822. [PMID: 20669981 DOI: 10.1021/la101831x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new binary colloidal system is designed with each colloidal component being able to exclusively interact with the colloids of the second component, respectively. The colloids are based on cross-linked polystyrene and polymerized by means of surfactant-free emulsion polymerization with either 4-hydroxyl styrene or 4-vinyl pyridine as comonomers. The comonomers are selected to decorate the colloids with complementary H-bond donors or acceptors. Characterization of the colloids by light scattering in CHCl(3) results in particle radii covering a regime of 130 nm < R < 270 nm and indicates a narrow particle size distribution for all prepared samples. The colloids are slightly swollen compared to their state in H(2)O. The corresponding size ratio expressed as the radius of the small colloids divided by the radius of the large colloids in CHCl(3) extends over a regime of 0.52 < R(S)/R(L) < 0.85. IR analysis indicates strong hydrogen bonds between a colloidal component and the complementary molecular functions, that is, phenol or pyridine. If both colloidal components are directly combined as suspension in CHCl(3) a fast heteroaggregation is observed. This aggregation slows down and becomes accessible to an analysis by means of time-resolved static light scattering if the suspensions get sufficiently dilute. Fast aggregation can be totally inhibited if capping agents like phenol to cap the 4-vinyl pyridine functions are added as highly concentrated solutions. Dried samples of those binary suspensions equilibrated with an appropriate amount of phenol show the first indication for an ordered binary assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Bayer
- Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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36
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Smith DK, Goodfellow B, Smilgies DM, Korgel BA. Self-assembled simple hexagonal AB(2) binary nanocrystal superlattices: SEM, GISAXS, and defects. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:3281-90. [PMID: 19216526 DOI: 10.1021/ja8085438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Binary superlattices (BSLs) of sterically stabilized, hydrophobic, large (A; 11.5 nm diameter) Fe(2)O(3) and small (B; 6.1 nm diameter) Au nanocrystals were assembled by slow evaporation of colloidal dispersions on tilted substrates. A detailed analysis of the BSL structure was carried out using transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). The BSLs were simple hexagonal (sh) AB(2) superlattices (isostructural with the compound AlB(2); space group 191, P6/mmm) of large nanocrystals occupying a simple hexagonal lattice with small nanocrystals in the interstitial spaces. SEM and GISAXS confirmed long-range order of the BSLs and GISAXS revealed that the superlattice is slightly contracted (8-12%) perpendicular to the substrate as a result of solvent drying in the deposition process. When the sh-AB(2) superlattice deposits on a (100) plane, this shrinkage occurs in the [210] direction and changes the lattice symmetry to centered orthorhombic. Additionally, nearly periodic superlattice dislocations consisting of inserted half-planes of gold nanocrystals were observed by SEM in some BSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle K Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1062, USA
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37
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Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Heiss W, Talapin DV. Energetic and Entropic Contributions to Self-Assembly of Binary Nanocrystal Superlattices: Temperature as the Structure-Directing Factor. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:11967-77. [PMID: 20701285 DOI: 10.1021/ja103083q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Heiss
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Dmitri V. Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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38
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Domach MM, Walker LM. Stabilizing Biomacromolecules in Nontoxic Nano-Structured Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jala.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Increases in the use of protein-based pharmaceuticals require the development of cost-effective methods of storage and transport of sensitive biomolecules. In this article, we review the general problems of protein stabilization, aspects specific to antibodies, and a proposed method for protecting proteins based on nanostructured hydrogels. This review is not intended to be comprehensive, but instead to provide the reader with specific examples that capture some of the key challenges and opportunities of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Domach
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lynn M. Walker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
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39
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Talapin DV, Lee JS, Kovalenko MV, Shevchenko EV. Prospects of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 110:389-458. [PMID: 19958036 DOI: 10.1021/cr900137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2140] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V. Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Lab, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Lab, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Lab, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Elena V. Shevchenko
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Lab, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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40
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Lorenz NJ, Schöpe HJ, Reiber H, Palberg T, Wette P, Klassen I, Holland-Moritz D, Herlach D, Okubo T. Phase behaviour of deionized binary mixtures of charged colloidal spheres. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:464116. [PMID: 21715880 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/46/464116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We review recent work on the phase behaviour of binary charged sphere mixtures as a function of particle concentration and composition. Both size ratios Γ and charge ratios Λ are varied over a wide range. Unlike the case for hard spheres, the long-ranged Coulomb interaction stabilizes the crystal phase at low particle concentrations and shifts the occurrence of amorphous solids to particle concentrations considerably larger than the freezing concentration. Depending on Γ and Λ, we observe upper azeotrope, spindle, lower azeotrope and eutectic types of phase diagrams, all known well from metal systems. Most solids are of body centred cubic structure. Occasionally stoichiometric compounds are formed at large particle concentrations. For very low Γ, entropic effects dominate and induce a fluid-fluid phase separation. Since for charged spheres the charge ratio Λ is also decisive for the type of phase diagram, future experiments with charge variable silica spheres are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina J Lorenz
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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41
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Lorenz NJ, Schöpe HJ, Palberg T. Phase behavior of a de-ionized binary mixture of charged spheres in the presence of gravity. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:134501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3225339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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Fabrication of large binary colloidal crystals with a NaCl structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:16063-7. [PMID: 19805259 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900605106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary colloidal crystals offer great potential for tuning material properties for applications in, for example, photonics, semiconductors and spintronics, because they allow the positioning of particles with quite different characteristics on one lattice. For micrometer-sized colloids, it is believed that gravity and slow crystallization rates hinder the formation of high-quality binary crystals. Here, we present methods for growing binary colloidal crystals with a NaCl structure from relatively heavy, hard-sphere-like, micrometer-sized silica particles by exploring the following external fields: electric, gravitational, and dielectrophoretic fields and a structured surface (colloidal epitaxy). Our simulations show that the free-energy difference between the NaCl and NiAs structures, which differ in their stacking of the hexagonal planes of the larger spheres, is very small (approximately 0.002 k(B)T). However, we demonstrate that the fcc stacking of the large spheres, which is crucial for obtaining the pure NaCl structure, can be favored by using a combination of the above-mentioned external fields. In this way, we have successfully fabricated large, 3D, oriented single crystals having a NaCl structure without stacking disorder.
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43
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Wette P, Schöpe HJ, Palberg T. Enhanced crystal stability in a binary mixture of charged colloidal spheres. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 80:021407. [PMID: 19792124 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.021407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on the phase behavior of a binary charged sphere mixture of size ratio Gamma=0.68 and charge ratio Lambda approximately 1 as a function of composition p and number density n . For p=0.1-0.3 we observe freezing at densities well below the freezing densities of the pure components. At all compositions our data indicate the formation of substitutional alloy crystals of body centered cubic structure. No indications for compound formation were observed. Rather, our findings point at the first observation of an upper azeotrope. Measurements of the crystallization kinetics reveal a combined density and composition dependence of growth velocities and nucleation rate densities, with small but significant anomalies at p*=0.2 . These correlated deviations can be rationalized within classical theories of solidification and suggest an increased similarity between melt and solid for this particular composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Wette
- Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, 51170 Köln, Germany
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44
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Gasser U. Crystallization in three- and two-dimensional colloidal suspensions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:203101. [PMID: 21825507 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/20/203101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite progress in the understanding of crystal nucleation and crystal growth since the first theories for nucleation were developed, an exact quantitative prediction of the nucleation rates in most systems has remained an unsolved problem. Colloidal suspensions show a phase behavior that is analogous to atomic or molecular systems and serve accordingly as ideal model systems for studying crystal nucleation with an accuracy and depth on a microscopic scale that is hard to reach for atomic or molecular systems. Due to the mesoscopic size of colloidal particles they can be studied in detail on the single-particle level and their dynamics is strongly slowed down in comparison with atomic or molecular systems, such that the formation of a crystal nucleus can be followed in detail. In this review, recent progress in the study of homogeneous and heterogeneous crystal nucleation in colloids and the controlled growth of crystalline colloidal structures is reviewed. All this work has resulted in unprecedented insights into the early stage of nucleation and it is also relevant for a deeper understanding of soft matter materials in general as well as for possible applications based on colloidal suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gasser
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, ETH Zurich and Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland. Adolphe Merkle Institut, University of Fribourg, PO Box 209, CH-1723 Marly 1, Switzerland
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Filion L, Dijkstra M. Prediction of binary hard-sphere crystal structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 79:046714. [PMID: 19518387 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.79.046714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present a method based on a combination of a genetic algorithm and Monte Carlo simulations to predict close-packed crystal structures in hard-core systems. We employ this method to predict the binary crystal structures in a mixture of large and small hard spheres with various stoichiometries and diameter ratios between 0.4 and 0.84. In addition to known binary hard-sphere crystal structures similar to NaCl and AlB2, we predict additional crystal structures with the symmetry of CrB, gammaCuTi, alphaIrV, HgBr2, AuTe2, Ag2Se, and various structures for which an atomic analog was not found. In order to determine the crystal structures at infinite pressures, we calculate the maximum packing density as a function of size ratio for the crystal structures predicted by our GA using a simulated annealing approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Filion
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for NanoMaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
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46
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Hynninen AP, Filion L, Dijkstra M. Stability of LS and LS[sub 2] crystal structures in binary mixtures of hard and charged spheres. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:064902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3182724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mayer C, Zaccarelli E, Stiakakis E, Likos CN, Sciortino F, Munam A, Gauthier M, Hadjichristidis N, Iatrou H, Tartaglia P, Löwen H, Vlassopoulos D. Asymmetric caging in soft colloidal mixtures. NATURE MATERIALS 2008; 7:780-4. [PMID: 18794859 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The long-standing observations that different amorphous materials exhibit a pronounced enhancement of viscosity and eventually vitrify on compression or cooling continue to fascinate and challenge scientists, on the ground of their physical origin and practical implications. Glass formation is a generic phenomenon, observed in physically quite distinct systems that encompass hard and soft particles. It is believed that a common underlying scenario, namely cage formation, drives dynamical arrest, especially at high concentrations. Here, we identify a novel, asymmetric glassy state in soft colloidal mixtures, which is characterized by strongly anisotropically distorted cages, bearing similarities to those of hard-sphere glasses under shear. The anisotropy is induced by the presence of soft additives. This phenomenon seems to be generic to soft colloids and its origins lie in the penetrability of the constituent particles. The resulting phase diagram for mixtures of soft particles is clearly distinct from that of hard-sphere mixtures and brings forward a rich variety of vitrified states that delineate an ergodic lake in the parameter space spanned by the size ratio between the two components and by the concentration of the additives. Thus, a new route opens for the rational design of soft particles with desired tunable rheological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mayer
- Dipartimento di Fisica and CNR-INFM-SOFT, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
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48
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Chen Z, O'Brien S. Structure direction of II-VI semiconductor quantum dot binary nanoparticle superlattices by tuning radius ratio. ACS NANO 2008; 2:1219-1229. [PMID: 19206340 DOI: 10.1021/nn800129s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a nanoparticle radius ratio dependent study of the formation of binary nanoparticle superlattices (BNSLs) of CdTe and CdSe quantum dots. While keeping all other parameters identical in the system, the effective nanoparticle radius ratio, gamma(eff), was tuned to allow the formation of five different BNSL structures, AlB(2), cub-NaZn(13), ico-NaZn(13), CaCu(5), and MgZn(2). For each structure, gamma(eff) is located close to a local maximum of its space-filling factor, based on a model for space filling principles. We demonstrate the ability to select specific BNSLs based solely on gamma(eff), highlighting the role of entropic forces as a driver for self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Chen
- Department of Applied Physics & Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, 200 SW Mudd Building, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Jackson AN, Ackland GJ. Lattice-switch Monte Carlo simulation for binary hard-sphere crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:066703. [PMID: 18233939 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.066703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We show how to generalize the lattice-switch Monte Carlo method to calculate the phase diagram of a binary system. A global coordinate transformation is combined with a modification of particle diameters, enabling the multicomponent system in question to be explored and directly compared to a suitable reference state in a single Monte Carlo simulation. We use the method to evaluate the free energies of binary hard-sphere crystals. Calculations at moderate size ratios alpha=0.58 and 0.73 are in agreement with previous results, and confirm AB2 and AB13 as stable structures. We also find that the AB(CsCl) structure is not entropically stable at the size ratio and volume where it has been reported experimentally, and therefore that those observations cannot be explained by packing effects alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Jackson
- SUPA, School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Chen Z, Moore J, Radtke G, Sirringhaus H, O'Brien S. Binary nanoparticle superlattices in the semiconductor-semiconductor system: CdTe and CdSe. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:15702-9. [PMID: 18034489 DOI: 10.1021/ja076698z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report binary nanoparticle superlattices obtained by self-assembly of two different semiconductor quantum dots. Such a system is a means to include two discretized, quantum-confined, and complimentary semiconductor units in close proximity, for purposes of band gap matching and/or energy transfer. From a range of possible structures predicted, we observe an exclusive preference for the formation of Cuboctahedral AB13 and AB5 (isostructural with CaCu5) obtained in the system of 8.1 nm CdTe and 4.4 nm CdSe nanoparticles. For this system, a possible ionic origin for the formation of structures with lower packing densities was ruled out on the basis of electrophoretic mobility measurements. To understand further the principles of superlattice formation, we constructed space-filling curves for binary component hard spheres over the full range of radius ratio. In addition, the pair interaction energies due to core-core and ligand-ligand van der Waals (VDW) forces are estimated. The real structures are believed to form under a combined influence of entropic driving forces (following hard-sphere space filling principles) and the surface (due to ligand-ligand VDW).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Chen
- Department of Applied Physics & Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, 200 SW Mudd Building, 500 W 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, USA
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