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Jun NR, Kim JH, Jang JH. Association of Denture Use and Chewing Ability with Cognitive Function Analysed Using Panel Data from Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2018). Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2505. [PMID: 37761702 PMCID: PMC10531446 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between denture use, chewing ability, and cognitive function in Korean middle-aged adults, using samples representing middle-aged people at the national level. This longitudinal study included 9998 middle-aged adults using the Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging 7th special survey data. Denture use, chewing ability, health-related factors, and general characteristics were assessed using the Computer-Assisted Personal Interview. After controlling for general characteristics using a generalized estimating equation model, the association of denture use and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores with the chewing ability of those with or without dentures and MMSE scores were analysed. Among them, 24% of participants wore dentures, and 35.1% complained of difficulty chewing when wearing dentures. Among the participants who did not wear dentures, 16.4% complained of difficulty chewing. MMSE scores were lower among denture wearers than non-denture wearers (β = -0.026, p < 0.001). In both groups, MMSE scores decreased with chewing difficulty and were significantly reduced among non-denture wearers (p < 0.05). Chewing ability was closely associated with cognitive functioning. Therefore, in order to prevent cognitive decline, chewing discomfort while wearing dentures must be eliminated, and oral health must be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu-Ri Jun
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong-Hwa Jang
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Republic of Korea
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Chaffee O, McGillivray A, Duizer L, Ross CF. Identifying elements of a ready-to-eat meal desired by older adults. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Park T, Jung YS, Son K, Bae YC, Song KB, Amano A, Choi YH. More Teeth and Posterior Balanced Occlusion Are a Key Determinant for Cognitive Function in the Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041996. [PMID: 33669490 PMCID: PMC7922962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Age-related decline in cognitive function is a major challenge in geriatric healthcare. A possible explanation is that the tooth loss or low chewing ability is at cause of cognitive impairment or dementia. The study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between chewing ability and cognitive function in the elderly. A total of 563 participants aged 65 years or over residing in urban and rural areas of South Korea were surveyed. The chewing ability was measured by objectively measurable indications such as the number of remaining teeth, denture status, color-changeable gum, and occlusal balance using T-Scan III®. The cognitive function was measured by the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination-Dementia Screening (MMSE-DS) and a score of 24 or more (out of 30) indicates a normal cognition, below 23 indicates cognitive impairment. The association between socio-demographic factors, chewing ability factors, and cognitive function demonstrated statistically significant results. When comparing the denture status and chewing ability, the proportion of need denture group had fewer remaining teeth and anterior balanced occlusion. The average number of remaining teeth in anterior balanced occlusion with cognitive impairment was 11.2 compared to posterior balanced occlusion with the normal cognition 19.2. A multiple linear regression analysis declared a significant correlation between number of remaining teeth, denture status, occlusal balance, and cognitive function. Results of the present study revealed objectively measurable indications are suitable for chewing ability assessment and correlated with cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejun Park
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu 41940, Korea; (T.P.); (K.-B.S.)
| | - Yun-Sook Jung
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University College of Science & Technology, Sangju 37224, Korea;
| | - Keunbada Son
- Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Yong-Chul Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Keun-Bae Song
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu 41940, Korea; (T.P.); (K.-B.S.)
| | - Atsuo Amano
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry, Daegu 41940, Korea; (T.P.); (K.-B.S.)
- Institute for Translational Research in Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Pina GDMS, Mota Carvalho R, Silva BSDF, Almeida FT. Prevalence of hyposalivation in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gerodontology 2020; 37:317-331. [PMID: 32965067 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of elders is increasing worldwide, and hyposalivation has been associated with the ageing process. Therefore, there has been growing interest in the frequency of hyposalivation in older people since it can cause transient or permanent problems that could affect oral health. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hyposalivation in older people (aged ≥ 60 years). METHODS The review was registered at Prospero - International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under number CRD42018106322. The search was performed in six electronic databases (Embase, LILACS, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science and Abstracts in Social Gerodontology) and grey literature (Google Scholar) for articles published up to February 2019. The methodology of selected studies was evaluated using the Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review (MAStARI) risk of bias checklist. Meta-analyses were performed using Medcalc and Stata 15. RESULTS Thirteen studies totalising 3,885 individuals (≥60 years) were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis showed an overall hyposalivation prevalence of 33.37% (95% confidence interval [CI] 23.90 - 43.57, P < .0001, n = 3,447). The prevalence of hyposalivation for unstimulated and stimulated methods was 33.39% (95% CI 21.08 - 46.96, P < .0001, n = 2,425 individuals) and 30.47% (95% CI 22.53-39.04, P < .0001, n = 1,495 individuals), respectively. Most of the studies were evaluated as low risk of bias. Some study limitations were related to the observational studies potential risk of bias, and different criteria to measure saliva flow rate. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the overall prevalence of hyposalivation in older people is 33.37%. When considering stimulated methods, the prevalence of hyposalivation was slightly lower (30.47%).
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Iwasaki M, Borgnakke WS, Yoshihara A, Ito K, Ogawa H, Nohno K, Sato M, Minagawa K, Ansai T, Miyazaki H. Hyposalivation and 10-year all-cause mortality in an elderly Japanese population. Gerodontology 2018; 35:87-94. [PMID: 29322550 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of salivary flow rate with all-cause mortality among older Japanese adults. We hypothesised that hyposalivation would be a marker for mortality. BACKGROUND Hyposalivation, which is an objectively measurable decrease in salivary flow, is highly prevalent among older adults. It is associated with malnutrition and poor general health. METHODS The study population comprised 600 community-dwelling Japanese adults (306 men and 294 women), who were 70 years old at baseline. They underwent stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR) measurements and were followed up during a 10-year study period. After stratification by sex, the hazard ratios of all-cause mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis comparing groups with and without hyposalivation (ie, SSFR < 0.7 mL/min). RESULTS The baseline prevalence of hyposalivation was 27.8% (85/306) among men and 47.3% (139/294) among women. During a mean (standard deviation) follow-up period of 104 (27) months, 80 deaths occurred: 60 (75.0%) deaths among men and 20 (25.0%) deaths among women. After adjusting for the number of remaining teeth, smoking status, exercise, hypoalbuminemia, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, hyposalivation at baseline was significantly associated with all-cause mortality among men (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-2.89). In contrast, no association between SSFR and all-cause mortality existed among women. CONCLUSION Hyposalivation could be a marker for all-cause mortality among older community-dwelling Japanese men. Future studies investigating the association between SSFR and cause-specific mortality are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Community, Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Wenche S Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Akihiro Yoshihara
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kayoko Ito
- Oral Rehabilitation, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogawa
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaname Nohno
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Misuzu Sato
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kumiko Minagawa
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ansai
- Division of Community, Oral Health Development, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hideo Miyazaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Muñoz-González C, Vandenberghe-Descamps M, Feron G, Canon F, Labouré H, Sulmont-Rossé C. Association between Salivary Hypofunction and Food Consumption in the Elderlies. A Systematic Literature Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:407-419. [PMID: 29484355 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic literature review aims to summarize the existing scientific evidence about the association between a reduced salivary function and food consumption in elderly people. METHODS A validated search strategy in two databases (PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge) was carried out and retrieved papers together with their reference lists were screened by two independent reviewers. The quality of the included studies was critically appraised via the Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers. RESULTS From the originally identified studies (n=391), only 15 articles (all cross-sectional studies) met the pre-fixed inclusion/exclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was in general good, although only 3 from 15 obtained the maximum score. The control of confounding factors was the quality variable more poorly rated in the selected studies. Salivary hypofunction was associated with a decrease of the objective chewing and swallowing abilities and taste perception. Moreover, most of the selected studies showed a relationship between salivary hypofunction and food consumption (in terms of appetite loss, unbalanced dietary intake and malnutrition), although no causality could be established. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the fact that salivary hypofunction definition and measurements are different across the studies. Therefore, future research efforts should focus on establishing a gold standard to define and identify salivary hypofunction throughout life and on performing longitudinal studies controlling for confounding factors to establish causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Muñoz-González
- Claire Sulmont-Rossé, INRA, CSGA, 17 rue Sully, F-21000 Dijon, France, Telephone: +33 380 69 32 71, E-mail address:
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Tanaka H, Ogata S, Ikebe K, Kurushima Y, Matsuda K, Enoki K, Omura K, Honda C, Hayakawa K. Association between salivary flow rate and depressive symptoms with adjustment for genetic and family environmental factors in Japanese twin study. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1291-1297. [PMID: 27318473 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1883-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between salivary flow rate (SFR) and depressive symptoms have been inconclusive. The present study aimed to investigate the association between SFR and depressive symptoms with and without adjustment for genetic and family environmental factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using twins and measured SFR and depressive symptoms as the outcome and explanatory variables, respectively. We also performed three-step regression analyses by first analysing the association between SFR and depressive symptoms without adjustment for genetic and family environmental factors (individual-level analyses). We then performed between-within analyses using monozygotic (MZ) and same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, and finally using only MZ twin pairs. These between-within analyses estimated the coefficients adjusted for genetic and family environmental factors. Furthermore, differences in the associations between individual-level and between-within suggest confounding by genetic and family environmental factors. RESULTS We conducted 448 twins aged ≥20 years. In individual-level analyses in males and between-within analyses using MZ and same-sex DZ male twin pairs, SFR associated with depressive symptoms. In between-within analyses using only MZ male twin pairs, SFR did not associate with depressive symptoms. In females, SFR did not associate with depressive symptoms in both individual-level and between-within analyses. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that the association between SFR and depressive symptoms was affected by common genetic factors in males. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Understanding this association between SFR and depressive symptoms with adjustment for genetic and family environmental factors could lead to an important consideration for the prevention and treatment of hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Tanaka
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Mie Prefectural College of Nursing, 1-1-1 Yumegaoka, Tsu, Mie, 514-0116, Japan.
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuko Kurushima
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichi Matsuda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kaori Enoki
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kayoko Omura
- Mie Prefectural College of Nursing, 1-1-1 Yumegaoka, Tsu, Mie, 514-0116, Japan
| | - Chika Honda
- Center for Twin Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Kazuo Hayakawa
- Mie Prefectural College of Nursing, 1-1-1 Yumegaoka, Tsu, Mie, 514-0116, Japan
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Bhasin N, Reddy S, Nagarajappa AK, Kakkad A. A Study on Duration of Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy on Whole Saliva Flow. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:479-85. [PMID: 26323452 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva is a complex fluid, whose important role is to maintain the well being of oral cavity. Salivary gland hypofunction or hyposalivation is the condition of having reduced saliva production which leads to the subjective complaint of oral dryness termed xerostomia.(7) Management of xerostomia includes palliative therapy using topical agents or systemic therapy. Electrostimulation to produce saliva was studied in the past and showed moderate promise but never became part of mainstream therapy. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on whole salivary flow rate in healthy adults and to evaluate how long this effect of TENS lasts on salivary flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred healthy adult subjects were divided into five age groups with each group containing 20 subjects equally divided into males and females in each group. Unstimulated saliva was collected using a graduated test tube fitted with funnel and quantity was measured. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit was activated and stimulated saliva was collected. Saliva was again collected 30 minutes and 24 hours post stimulation. RESULTS The mean unstimulated whole saliva flow rate for all subjects (n = 100) was 2.60 ml/5 min. During stimulation, it increased to 3.60 ± 0.39 ml/5 min. There was 38.46% increase in salivary flow. Ninety six out of 100 responded positively to TENS therapy. Salivary flow remained increased 30 minutes and 24 hours post stimulation with the values being 3.23 ± 0.41 ml/5 min and 2.69 ± 0.39 ml/5 min respectively. Repeated measures One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed that the difference between these values were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy was effective for stimulation of whole saliva in normal, healthy subjects and its effect retained till 30 minutes and a little up to 24 hours. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation may work best synergistically with other sialagogues and can be used for the management of xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Bhasin
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, H. No. 2934/A Vidya Villa, Opposite Narmada Nagar, Adjacent Sukh Sagar Motors Gwarighat Road, Jabalpur 482008, Madhya Pradesh, India Phone: 09827767548, e-mail:
| | - Sreedevi Reddy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Nagarajappa
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Kakkad
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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9
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Iwasaki M, Yoshihara A, Ito K, Sato M, Minagawa K, Muramatsu K, Watanabe R, Manz MC, Ansai T, Miyazaki H. Hyposalivation and dietary nutrient intake among community-based older Japanese. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 16:500-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
- Division of Community Oral Health Development; Kyushu Dental University; Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshihara
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Department of Oral Health and Welfare; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Kayoko Ito
- Oral Rehabilitation; Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital; Niigata Japan
| | - Misuzu Sato
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Kumiko Minagawa
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Kanako Muramatsu
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies; University of Niigata Prefecture; Niigata Japan
| | - Reiko Watanabe
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies; University of Niigata Prefecture; Niigata Japan
| | - Michael C. Manz
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics; School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Toshihiro Ansai
- Division of Community Oral Health Development; Kyushu Dental University; Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Hideo Miyazaki
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
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Dai R, Lam OLT, Lo ECM, Li LSW, Wen Y, McGrath C. Orofacial functional impairments among patients following stroke: a systematic review. Oral Dis 2014; 21:836-49. [PMID: 25041135 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Dai
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Prince Philip Dental Hospital 3/F; Sai Ying Pun Hong Kong China
| | - O LT Lam
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Prince Philip Dental Hospital 4/F; Sai Ying Pun Hong Kong China
| | - E CM Lo
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Prince Philip Dental Hospital 3/F; Sai Ying Pun Hong Kong China
| | - L SW Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; Tung Wah Hospital; Sheung Wan Hong Kong China
| | - Y Wen
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Prince Philip Dental Hospital 3/F; Sai Ying Pun Hong Kong China
| | - C McGrath
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Prince Philip Dental Hospital 3/F; Sai Ying Pun Hong Kong China
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11
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Masticatory performance in older subjects with varying degrees of tooth loss. J Dent 2012; 40:71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Ikebe K, Matsuda KI, Kagawa R, Enoki K, Yoshida M, Maeda Y, Nokubi T. Association of masticatory performance with age, gender, number of teeth, occlusal force and salivary flow in Japanese older adults: is ageing a risk factor for masticatory dysfunction? Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:991-6. [PMID: 21529776 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In general, ageing is a risk factor for sensory and motor deterioration, with the rate of decline varying amongst individuals. Concerning masticatory function, missing teeth along with oral disease seem to accelerate the dysfunction. Here, we aimed to confirm whether masticatory dysfunction by ageing is inevitable. This study investigated the effect of age, gender, number of natural teeth, occlusal force and salivary flow on the masticatory performance in a large sample of elderly adults. DESIGN The study sample consisted of 1288 independently living people aged 60-84 years. Masticatory performance was determined by the comminuted particles of test food. Bilateral maximal occlusal force in the intercuspal position was measured with pressure sensitive sheets. Stimulated whole saliva was collected. RESULTS Masticatory performance was significantly correlated to age, number of residual teeth, occlusal force and stimulated salivary flow rate by Pearson's correlation test. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that, with other variables controlled, masticatory performance was significantly associated with the number of residual teeth (β=0.456, P<0.001), occlusal force (β=0.244, P<0.001) and stimulated salivary flow rate (β=0.069, P=0.003). Age was not related to masticatory performance (β=-0.007, P=0.753). CONCLUSIONS Declines in the number of residual teeth, occlusal force and salivary flow were associated with a reduction of masticatory performance in older adults. If tooth loss is not considered as an attribute of physiological ageing, then ageing by itself may not be a risk factor for masticatory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Abstract
Saliva plays an important protective role in the oral environment, and reductions in saliva quantity are known to increase the risk of oral diseases. Importantly, xerostomia or the perception of a dry mouth is now being recognized as an important risk factor for dental diseases. Furthermore, the subjective sensation of a dry mouth is a debilitating condition in itself that impacts on the quality of life of sufferers. With approximately 1 in 5 people reporting some form of dry mouth, and an increasing prevalence in the elderly, it is important for clinicians to have a thorough understanding of this problem. The aim of this paper is to review some of the literature relating to xerostomia in order to provide an evidence based update for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Hopcraft
- Cooperative Research Centre for Oral Health Sciences, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria.
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14
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Mesas AE, Andrade SMD, Cabrera MAS, Bueno VLRDC. Salud oral y déficit nutricional en adultos mayores no institucionalizados en Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2010; 13:434-45. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-790x2010000300007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Examinar la asociación entre el déficit nutricional y problemas de salud oral en adultos mayores no institucionalizados de una comunidad en Brasil. MÉTODOS: En este estudio transversal fueron obtenidos datos de 267 adultos mayores (160 mujeres y 107 hombres) con edad entre los 60 y 74 años provenientes del censo del área de cobertura de un Equipo del Programa Salud de la Familia de Londrina, Brasil. El déficit nutricional fue identificado con la Mini Evaluación Nutricional (< 24 puntos). La valoración odontológica incluyó exploración bucodental, medición del flujo salivar estimulado y aplicación del Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index para la percepción oral. Los análisis multivariantes fueron ajustados por variables sociodemográficas, depresión y consumo de medicamentos. RESULTADOS: El déficit nutricional fue detectado en 58 ancianos (21,7%). Entre las variables odontológicas, la ausencia de oclusión posterior (Odds Ratio, OR: 2,18; Intervalo de Confianza, IC95%: 1,06 - 4,45), el flujo salivar estimulado < 0,7 ml/minuto (OR: 2,18, IC95%: 1,06 - 4,50), la enfermedad periodontal avanzada (OR: 6,54; IC95%: 2,03 -21,00) y la percepción negativa de la salud oral (OR: 3,41; IC95%: 1,59 - 7,33) se asociaron al déficit nutricional de modo independiente del sexo, edad, clase económica, escolaridad, consumo de tabaco, depresión y uso de medicamentos. CONCLUSIONES: El deterioro de la salud oral se asoció al déficit nutricional, y por lo tanto se requiere mayor integración entre odontología y nutrición en la promoción de salud en adultos mayores, especialmente en la prevención de la pérdida dental y en la rehabilitación oclusal posterior, evitándose obstáculos para una dieta adecuada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España; Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brasil
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Shinkawa T, Hayashida N, Mori K, Washio K, Hashiguchi K, Taira Y, Morishita M, Takamura N. Poor chewing ability is associated with lower mucosal moisture in elderly individuals. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2010; 219:263-7. [PMID: 19966523 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.219.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral dryness is common among aging individuals and its objective evaluation is an important issue for improving their oral health. In the present study, we measured the objective mucosal moisture in elderly individuals with a moisture checker and evaluated its relation with laboratory findings and subjective oral status. The subjects were 502 adults (244 men and 258 women), with a mean age of 72.3 +/- 6.7 years, who participated in a regular medical screening program in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. We evaluated the moisture of the oral mucosa by measuring the weight percentage of water content in the oral epithelium, subjective oral dryness, self-assessed chewing ability ["good" ("able to chew all foods") or "poor" ("able to chew soft foods only" and "unable to chew any foods")], and laboratory findings. The values obtained with a moisture checker, which represent objective oral mucosal moisture, were significantly lower in women with poor chewing ability than those with good chewing ability (28.2 +/- 2.4% vs. 29.2 +/- 2.0%, p = 0.004) and in all subjects (28.4 +/- 2.4% vs. 29.1 +/- 2.0%, p = 0.004), but not in men (28.6 +/- 2.5% vs. 29.0 +/- 2.0%, p = 0.27). When multiple logistic regression analysis was performed on confounding factors, older age (OR: 1.24, p = 0.015), women (OR: 1.70, p = 0.016), and anemia (OR: 1.96, p = 0.030) were significantly associated with self-assessed chewing ability. Our current study indicates that poor chewing ability is associated with lower mucosal moisture in elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuko Shinkawa
- Department of Radiation Epidemiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Arslan A, Orhan K, Canpolat C, Delilbasi Ç, Dural S. Impact of xerostomia on oral complaints in a group of elderly Turkish removable denture wearers. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2009; 49:263-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Revised: 09/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ugarte J, Abe Y, Fukuda H, Honda S, Takamura N, Kobuke Y, Ye Z, Aoyagi K, Mendoza O, Shinsho F. Self-perceived oral health status and influencing factors of the elderly residents of a peri-urban area of La Paz, Bolivia. Int Dent J 2007; 57:19-26. [PMID: 17378346 DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.2007.tb00114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the self-perceived oral health status of the elderly in Bolivia and explore the relationship between the socio-demographic and subjective factors that influence such perception. DESIGN A cross sectional study. SETTING Pampahasi, peri-urban area of La Paz, Bolivia. PARTICIPANTS A 22.5% (300) sample was selected randomly from the total population (1,336) of 60 years and above. Of the participants, 293 agreed to participate in the survey. METHODS Information was collected by interviews at home. RESULTS The mean age was 70 years (SD = 7.7), with more females (57%) than males. Sixty per cent of subjects categorised their oral health as poor. Logistic regression analysis showed that poor self-perceived oral health was associated significantly with not going to school, no/ fair satisfaction with economic status, poor chewing ability, perception of need for dental treatment, and poor self-perceived general health status. CONCLUSIONS Socio-economic factors seem to contribute to poor oral health among the elderly in Bolivia. Considering that these factors are associated with bad oral health behaviour and few visits to dental clinics, there is a need to design dental education programmes and enhance accessibility to dental clinics for elderly people living in the peri-urban areas of La Paz, Bolivia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ugarte
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
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A preliminary study on the relationship between stimulated saliva and periodontal conditions in community-dwelling elderly people. J Dent 2006; 34:692-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Revised: 12/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ikebe K, Morii K, Matsuda K, Hata K, Nokubi T. Association of candidal activity with denture use and salivary flow in symptom-free adults over 60 years1. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33:36-42. [PMID: 16409515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2006.01527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the amount of palatal mucosa Candida species associated with denture use and stimulated salivary flow in symptom-free adults over 60 years. The subjects were 351 (189 men and 162 women) independently living elderly people with a mean age of 66.7 +/- 4.3 (SD) years. Candidal activity of palatal mucosa was evaluated by the pH change in the medium that was associated with the acid production of the yeast. Subjects whose stimulated salivary flow rate was less than 0.5 ml/min were placed in the hyposalivation group. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine if an independent variable was statistically significant after controlling for other variables. Candidal activity of the palatal mucosa was significantly associated with the dental status of the maxillae (Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.001), but was not significantly associated with age or drug intake. In maxillary denture wearers, Candidal activity of palatal mucosa had a significantly positive correlation with candidal activity of tissue fitting surfaces of maxillary dentures (r = 0.806, P < 0.001). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high candidal activity of the palate was significantly associated with being male and wearing maxillary removable dentures. Stimulated salivary flow rate was likely to be negatively related to high candidal activity (P = 0.07). This study suggests that the activity of Candida species in the oral cavity is associated with the wearing of removable dentures and stimulated salivary flow, independent of age or gender even in the relatively healthy elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ikebe
- Division of Oromaxillofacial Regeneration, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Yamadaoka Suita Osaka, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate oral care provision reported by senior nurses in stroke care settings in Scotland. BACKGROUND Stroke can have adverse effects on oral care and health. Little is known about current oral care practices in stroke care settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS We designed a postal survey to be completed by ward managers or senior nurses. After piloting, the survey was distributed to all 71 units in Scotland, identified as providing specialist care for patients in the acute or rehabilitation stages following stroke. Pre-notification and reminder letters were circulated. Responses were anonymous. RESULTS All but one survey was completed and returned. Help from dental professionals was available to most units (64/70) mostly on request. Only a third of units received oral care training in the last year (23/ 70). The majority of this training was ward based (20/23). The use of oral care assessment tools and protocols was limited (16/70 and 15/70 units respectively). Not all units had access to toothbrushes, toothpaste or chlorhexidine. For patients unable to perform oral care independently, senior nurses expected the patients' teeth or dentures to be cleaned at least twice a day in 59 of 70 and 49 of 70 units respectively. CONCLUSION The response rate was excellent and has provided a national overview of oral care provision for patients in stroke care settings. Access to staff training, assessments, protocols and oral hygiene material varied considerably. This information provides a valuable baseline from which to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of ward-based oral care interventions for stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Talbot
- Care of the Elderly Department, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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Hershkovich O, Nagler RM. Biochemical analysis of saliva and taste acuity evaluation in patients with burning mouth syndrome, xerostomia and/or gustatory disturbances. Arch Oral Biol 2004; 49:515-22. [PMID: 15126133 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the current study, we performed taste and salivary analysis on patients suffering from burning mouth syndrome and xerostomia or taste disturbances. STUDY DESIGN A total of 180 patients who complained of idiopathic burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and taste aberrations and/or xerostomia that may accompany BMS were evaluated. These patients were compared with 90 healthy, age- and sex-matched controls. Salivary flow rate, biochemical and immunological analysis and taste acuity by the forced-choice drop technique were performed for all subjects. These analyses were found to be conclusive in distinguishing controls from patients with complaints. RESULTS The great similarity of both salivary and taste analysis in the BMS, taste aberration and xerostomia groups, which were significantly different from the results obtained in the control group, was found to be the most striking result. Higher salivary concentrations in the experimental group were consistent with a lower saliva (water) flow rate. CONCLUSION An oral neuropathy and/or neurological transduction interruption induced by salivary compositional alterations is suggested as the possible aetiology for the complaints. This report may add an important objective diagnostic tool to the clinician treating these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Hershkovich
- Oral Biochemistry Laboratory and Salivary Clinic, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O.B. 9602, Haifa 31096, Israel
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Nagler RM, Hershkovich O. Sialochemical and gustatory analysis in patients with oral sensory complaints. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2004; 5:56-63. [PMID: 14975379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2003.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2003] [Revised: 09/29/2003] [Accepted: 09/29/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Our objective was to perform concomitant taste and salivary analyses in subjects with oral sensory complaints (OSC), including burning mouth syndrome (BMS), idiopathic taste aberrations, and xerostomia without established etiology, to attempt to find a possible explanation for the mechanism underlying those complaints. BMS is a disorder characterized by a painful burning or scalding sensation in clinically normal and healthy oral mucosa. Taste and salivary analyses were performed on 163 subjects with OSC who complained of BMS, taste aberration, or xerostomia, alone or in combination. These subjects were compared with 84 healthy, age- and sex-matched control subjects. The salivary and taste analyses were found to be helpful in distinguishing control subjects from complaining subjects. The most striking result found was the great similarity of both salivary and taste analyses in the BMS, taste aberration, and xerostomia groups, which were significantly different from the results obtained in the control group. An oral neuropathy or neurologic transduction interruption induced by salivary compositional alterations is suggested as the possible etiology for the complaints. This report might add an important objective diagnostic tool to the clinician treating such patients. PERSPECTIVE The merit of the current study stems from the fact that it suggests for the first time a salivary-related local neuropathic mechanism for oral sensorial complaints. This may be of paramount importance, both with respect to the biological background of these complaints and to the possible therapeutic modalities that might be offered to suffering patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Nagler
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surtery, Oral Biochemistry Laboratory and Salivary Clinic, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
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