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Um KH, Shin JS, Son GH, Park BK. Effect of Lupin Supplementation on the Growth, Carcass, and Meat Characteristics of Late-Fattening Hanwoo Steers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:324. [PMID: 38275784 PMCID: PMC10812439 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of lupin flake supplementation on the growth, plasma parameters, carcass characteristics, and meat composition of late-fattening Hanwoo steers. The steers (n = 40) were randomly divided into the four groups with 10 steers each: LP0 (lupin flake 0%), LP3 (lupin flake 3%), LP6 (lupin flake 6%), and LP9 (lupin flake 9%). The total digestible nutriant intake increased as the concentration of lupin increased (linear and quadratic effects; p < 0.05). The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance content in the strip loins decreased as lupin flake supplementation levels increased (linear and quadratic effects; p < 0.05), while carnosine levels increased linearly (p < 0.05). As the lupin flake supplementation level increased, anserine and creatinine contents increased linearly and quadratically (p < 0.05). Similarly, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) content increased with increasing lupin flake supplementation levels in linear and quadratic effects (p < 0.001). Palmitoleic acid content increased significantly with increasing lupin flake supplementation level (linear and quadratic effects; p < 0.05). The content of oleic acid in the strip loin was not significant, but the unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) (p < 0.05) and n-6/n-3 ratio (p < 0.05) increased. The results of this study indicated that although lupin flake supplementation did not markedly affect the growth, carcass characteristics, or meat composition of late-fattening Hanwoo steers, it exerted a positive effect on the flavor, taste profiles (anserine, creatinine, ATP, and AMP), hypotonicity (TBARS), and healthy meat production (UFA and n-6/n-3 ratio) related to beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwan Um
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chunchoen 24341, Republic of Korea; (K.-H.U.); (J.-S.S.)
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suh Shin
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chunchoen 24341, Republic of Korea; (K.-H.U.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Gi-Hwal Son
- Institute of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chunchoen 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byung-Ki Park
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chunchoen 24341, Republic of Korea; (K.-H.U.); (J.-S.S.)
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Tahmasian A, Drew R, Broadbent JA, Juhász A, Nye-Wood M, Colgrave ML. Conventional solid-state fermentation impacts the white lupin proteome reducing the abundance of allergenic peptides. Food Chem 2023; 426:136622. [PMID: 37356243 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The demand for high-quality and sustainable protein sources is on the rise. Lupin is an emerging plant-based source of protein with health-enhancing properties; however, the allergenic potential of lupins limits their widespread adoption in food products. A combination of discovery and targeted quantitative proteome measurements was used to investigate the impact of solid-state fermentation induced by Rhizopus oligosporus on the proteome composition and allergenic protein abundances of white lupin seed. In total, 1,241 proteins were uniquely identified in the fermented sample. Moreover, the effectiveness of the solid-state fermentation in reducing the abundance of the tryptic peptides derived from white lupin allergens was demonstrated. Comparably, a greater decrease was noted for the major white lupin allergen based on β-conglutin peptide abundances. Hence, conventional solid-state fermentation processing can be beneficial for reducing the potential allergenicity of lupin-based foods. This finding will open new avenues for unlocking the potential of this under-utilised legume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arineh Tahmasian
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Roger Drew
- Eighth Day Foods, Coburg North, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Angéla Juhász
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Mitchell Nye-Wood
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Michelle L Colgrave
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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Nanas I, Dokou S, Athanasiou LV, Dovolou E, Chouzouris TM, Vasilopoulos S, Grigoriadou K, Giannenas I, Amiridis GS. Feeding Flaxseed and Lupins during the Transition Period in Dairy Cows: Effects on Production Performance, Fertility and Biochemical Blood Indices. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1972. [PMID: 37370482 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaxseed and lupin seed were offered as an alternative dietary approach in dairy cows, through the partial substitution of soybean meal. Milk production and fertility traits were investigated. A total of 330 animals were allocated into two groups, treated (n = 176) and control (n = 154). From each group, 30 animals were selected for hematological and cytological studies. The experimental feeding period lasted for 81 days (25 days prepartum and 56 days postpartum). The control ration (group C) contained corn, barley, soybean meal, rapeseed cake, corn silage and lucerne hay; whereas, in the treatment group (group T), 50% of the soybean meal was replaced by an equal mixture of flaxseed and lupins. The two rations were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. Milk samples were analyzed for chemical composition, somatic cell count (SCC) content and total colony forming units (CFU). Blood samples were collected, and serum was analyzed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), acute phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloid) and lipid oxidation indices, namely thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and catalase activity. To assess polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) numbers, endometrial samples from each cow were collected on days 21 and 42. No difference was recorded between groups in milk yield (p > 0.05). In multiparous cows, NEFA (mMol/L) concentrations were significantly lower in group T than in group C on day 14 (p > 0.009) and on day 42 (p = 0.05), while no difference was detected in the group of primiparous cows. At all time points, serum TBARS and catalase values were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Multiparous cows in group T expressed the first postpartum estrus and conceived earlier than cows in group C (p ≤ 0.05). Between days 21 to 42 postpartum, the PMN reduction rate was higher in group T animals (p ≤ 0.05). Acute phase protein levels were in general lower in group T animals, and at specific time points differed significantly from group C (p ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that the partial replacement of soybean meal by flaxseed and lupins had no negative effect on milk yield or milk composition, and improved cow fertility; which, along with the lower cost of flaxseed and lupins mixture, may increase milk production profitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Nanas
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Stella Dokou
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Labrini V Athanasiou
- Department of Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Eleni Dovolou
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, 41223 Larissa, Greece
| | - Thomas M Chouzouris
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Stelios Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Grigoriadou
- ELVIZ Hellenic Feedstuff Industry S.A., 59300 Plati, Greece
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, 57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios S Amiridis
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
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Um KH, Park BK. Study on the rumen fermentation, growth performance and carcass characteristics according to the supplementation of lupin flake in Hanwoo steers. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:1077-1091. [PMID: 36812040 PMCID: PMC9890341 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the rumen fermentation dynamics of lupin flakes and elucidate the effects of lupin flake supplementation on the growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. In vitro and in situ trials of lupin grains and lupin flakes were conducted using three Hanwoo cows with rumen fistulas. The feeding trial included 40 early-fattening Hanwoo steers randomly divided into four groups: control, T1, T2, and T3. Their formula feed contained 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% lupin flakes, respectively. In vitro rumen pH and ammonia concentrations were lower in the lupin flake group than in the lupin grain group after 6 and 24 h of incubation, respectively (p < 0.05). Concentrations of propionate, butyrate, and total volatile fatty acids were higher in the lupin flake group than in the lupin grain group after 12 h of incubation (p < 0.05), as was the crude protein disappearance rate at 9 and 12 h of rumen fermentation (p < 0.05). Supplementation with lupin flakes did not affect the average daily gain. Compared to that in the control group, dry matter intake was lower in the lupin flake-supplemented groups (p < 0.05); the feed conversion ratio was lower in T2 and T3 (p < 0.05); and plasma total protein concentration in 29-month-old steers was lower in T1 and T3 (p < 0.05). Plasma triglyceride concentration was lower in the lupin flake-supplemented groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). The incidence rate of yield grade A was higher in T1 and T2 than in the control group; the incidence rate of meat quality 1+ grade or higher was highest in T2. The carcass auction price was higher in T2 than in the other groups. Overall, compared to whole lupin grains, lupin flakes seem to more substantially affect rumen ammonia concentrations and crude protein disappearance rate. Additionally, we suggest that supplementation with 6% lupin flake formula feed exerts positive effects on the feed conversion ratio, yield grade, and quality grade of Hanwoo steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwan Um
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon
National University, Chunchoen 24341, Korea
| | - Byung-Ki Park
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon
National University, Chunchoen 24341, Korea,Corresponding author Byung-Ki Park,
Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chunchoen 24341,
Korea. Tel: +82-33-250-8697, E-mail:
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Garg G, Kamphuis LG, Bayer PE, Kaur P, Dudchenko O, Taylor CM, Frick KM, Foley RC, Gao L, Aiden EL, Edwards D, Singh KB. A pan-genome and chromosome-length reference genome of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) reveals genomic diversity and insights into key industry and biological traits. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1252-1266. [PMID: 35779281 PMCID: PMC9544533 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-leafed lupin (NLL; Lupinus angustifolius) is a key rotational crop for sustainable farming systems, whose grain is high in protein content. It is a gluten-free, non-genetically modified, alternative protein source to soybean (Glycine max) and as such has gained interest as a human food ingredient. Here, we present a chromosome-length reference genome for the species and a pan-genome assembly comprising 55 NLL lines, including Australian and European cultivars, breeding lines and wild accessions. We present the core and variable genes for the species and report on the absence of essential mycorrhizal associated genes. The genome and pan-genomes of NLL and its close relative white lupin (Lupinus albus) are compared. Furthermore, we provide additional evidence supporting LaRAP2-7 as the key alkaloid regulatory gene for NLL and demonstrate the NLL genome is underrepresented in classical NLR disease resistance genes compared to other sequenced legume species. The NLL genomic resources generated here coupled with previously generated RNA sequencing datasets provide new opportunities to fast-track lupin crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Garg
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodFloreatWA6014Australia
| | - Lars G. Kamphuis
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodFloreatWA6014Australia
- UWA Institute of AgricultureUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
- Centre for Crop and Disease ManagementCurtin UniversityBentleyWA6102Australia
| | - Philipp E. Bayer
- The School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
| | - Parwinder Kaur
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
| | - Olga Dudchenko
- Center for Genome Architecture, Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX77030USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological PhysicsRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Candy M. Taylor
- UWA Institute of AgricultureUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
| | - Karen M. Frick
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodFloreatWA6014Australia
- Section for Plant Biochemistry and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| | | | | | - Erez Lieberman Aiden
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
- Center for Genome Architecture, Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX77030USA
- Center for Theoretical Biological PhysicsRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTechPudongChina
- Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
| | - David Edwards
- UWA Institute of AgricultureUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
- The School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
| | - Karam B. Singh
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodFloreatWA6014Australia
- UWA Institute of AgricultureUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
- Centre for Crop and Disease ManagementCurtin UniversityBentleyWA6102Australia
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6
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The Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Black Baladi Kids Fed Diets with Graded Quantities of Sweet Lupin Grain ( Lupinus angustifolius). Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9010020. [PMID: 35051104 PMCID: PMC8781926 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to examine how lupin grains (LUPs) feeding affected nutritional intake, digestibility, growth, and carcass characteristics in kids. A total of 24 growing black kids (initial body weight (BW) = 16.4 ± 0.49 kg) were allocated to one of three diets at random. Lupin was included in the diet at a rate of 0 (control; CON), 100 (LUP100), or 200 g/kg (LUP200) of total dry matter (DM). The trial lasted for 91 days divided into 7 and 84 days to be used for adaptation and data collection, respectively. Feed intake was evaluated daily throughout the study. At the commencement and the end of the study, each kid’s body weight was measured to determine its average daily gain (ADG). On day 70, 5 kids were chosen at random from each group to investigate nutrient in vivo digestibility and N balance. At the end of the study, all of the kids were slaughtered to examine carcass features. Nutrient intakes (neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ether extract) were higher (p ≤ 0.01) in LUP-containing diets than in the CON diet. The average daily gain was greater (p ≤ 0.03) in diets containing lupin grains than in the CON diet. Cost of gain ($US/kg growth) was lower (p = 0.004) in kids fed diets containing lupin than the CON diet. Dry matter and CP digestibility rates were greater (p ≤ 0.03) in lupin diets. Retained N was higher (p = 0.04) in lupin-containing diets than in the CON diet. Cold carcass weight was higher (p < 0.05) for kids consuming the LUP100 diet than the CON diet. In lupin diets, carcass cut weights were higher (p < 0.05). Results of the current study indicate that feeding black kids diets containing lupin grains at 100 or 200 g/kg DM basis is cost effective and would increase profitability.
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Nutrient intake, in vivo digestibility, growth performance and carcass quality of growing lambs fed concentrate diets containing sweet lupin grain (Lupinus angustifolius). Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fadimu GJ, Gill H, Farahnaky A, Truong T. Investigating the Impact of Ultrasound Pretreatment on the Physicochemical, Structural, and Antioxidant Properties of Lupin Protein Hydrolysates. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Untargeted Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Capacity and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Cultivated and Wild Lupin Seeds from Tunisia. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113452. [PMID: 34200152 PMCID: PMC8201048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupin seeds can represent a valuable source of phenolics and other antioxidant compounds. In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical profile was performed on seeds from three Lupinus species, including one cultivar (Lupinus albus) and two wild accessions (Lupinus cossentinii and Lupinus luteus), collected from the northern region of Tunisia. Untargeted metabolomic profiling allowed to identify 249 compounds, with a great abundance of phenolics and alkaloids. In this regard, the species L. cossentinii showed the highest phenolic content, being 6.54 mg/g DW, followed by L. luteus (1.60 mg/g DW) and L. albus (1.14 mg/g DW). The in vitro antioxidant capacity measured by the ABTS assay on seed extracts ranged from 4.67 to 17.58 mg trolox equivalents (TE)/g, recording the highest values for L. albus and the lowest for L. luteus. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.39 to 3.50 mg TE/g. FRAP values varied between 4.11 and 5.75 mg TE/g. CUPRAC values for lupin seeds ranged from 7.20 to 8.95 mg TE/g, recording the highest for L. cossentinii. The results of phosphomolybdenum assay and metal chelation showed similarity between the three species of Lupinus. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity was detected in each methanolic extract analyzed with similar results. Regarding the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme, it was weakly inhibited by the Lupinus extracts; in particular, the highest activity values were recorded for L. albus (1.74 mg GALAE/g). Overall, our results showed that L. cossentinii was the most abundant source of polyphenols, consisting mainly in tyrosol equivalents (5.82 mg/g DW). Finally, significant correlations were outlined between the phenolic compounds and the in vitro biological activity measured, particularly when considering flavones, phenolic acids and lower-molecular-weight phenolics.
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Parisi G, Tulli F, Fortina R, Marino R, Bani P, Dalle Zotte A, De Angelis A, Piccolo G, Pinotti L, Schiavone A, Terova G, Prandini A, Gasco L, Roncarati A, Danieli PP. Protein hunger of the feed sector: the alternatives offered by the plant world. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1827993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Tulli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fortina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Rosaria Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell’Ambiente, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Antonella Dalle Zotte
- Dipartimento di Medicina Animale, Produzioni e Salute (MAPS), University of Padua, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Anna De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano Pinotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Genciana Terova
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Laura Gasco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Alessandra Roncarati
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Danieli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
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Ata M, Obeidat BS. The inclusion of sweet lupin grain (Lupinus angustifolius) improves nursing performance of lactation in Awassi ewes. Small Rumin Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Lupinus angustifolius seed meal supplemented to dairy cow diet improves fatty acid composition in milk and mitigates methane production. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Joch M, Kudrna V. Partial replacement of soybean meal by white lupine seeds in the diet of dairy cows. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020; 33:957-964. [PMID: 31480147 PMCID: PMC7206386 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) by white lupine seeds (WLS) on milk yield and quality, feed efficiency and rumen fermentation of high-yielding dairy cows. Methods Thirty multiparous cows of two breeds (20 Holstein and 10 Czech Pied cows) in early mid-lactation received three diets (treatments) in a 3×3 Latin square design with a 28-d period. The dietary treatments were as follows: CON (control total mixed ration with SBM, no WLS), WLS30 (30% of the SBM was replaced, on a dry matter basis, by WLS), and WLS50 (50% of the SBM was replaced by WLS). Results Feed intake by the cows was not affected (p = 0.331) by the diets. Milk production decreased with increasing proportions of WLS in the diet. Cows fed WLS50 yielded approximately 1 kg/d (p<0.001) less milk than cows fed the CON diet. The proportions of milk fat (p = 0.640), protein (p = 0.507), and lactose (p = 0.709) were not altered by the diet. For milk fat, feeding with WLS50 reduced the proportion of total saturated fatty acids (p<0.001) and increased the proportion of total monounsaturated fatty acids (p<0.001), mainly through oleic acid (p<0.001). No differences were found in feed efficiency, body weight, and blood plasma metabolites between groups. Rumen ammonia-N levels tended (p = 0.087) to increase with increasing proportions of WLS in the diet, whereas no effect of diet on rumen pH was found (p = 0.558). Conclusion We did not identify the safe range within which raw WLS can efficiently replace SBM in the diet of high-producing dairy cows. In contrast, even partial replacement of SBM by WLS favorably changed the milk fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Joch
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague 16500, Czech Republic.,Department of Nutrition and Feeding of Farm Animals, Institute of Animal Science, Prague 10400, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kudrna
- Department of Nutrition and Feeding of Farm Animals, Institute of Animal Science, Prague 10400, Czech Republic
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Olukomaiya O, Fernando C, Mereddy R, Li X, Sultanbawa Y. Solid-state fermented plant protein sources in the diets of broiler chickens: A review. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2019; 5:319-330. [PMID: 31890908 PMCID: PMC6920459 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein sources are the second most important component in poultry diets. Due to the fluctuation in price of soybean meal (SBM) and persistent increase in feed prices, nutritionists have been exploring alternative protein sources. Replacement of SBM with alternative protein sources in poultry diets could reduce human-livestock competition for soybean and support the production of more animal protein. However, the use of alternative protein sources is limited to low inclusion due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANF) such as glucosinolates (rapeseed meal), gossypol (cottonseed meal), non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in lupin flour, high fibre (palm kernel cake), total phenolic contents and phytic acid (canola meal) known to impair animal performance, nutrient digestibility and feed utilization. As a processing technique, solid-state fermentation (SSF) has been researched for a long time in the food industry. An important objective of SSF is the production of enzymes, organic acids and other metabolites of economic importance. In recent times, SSF has been employed to enhance nutrient bioavailability, inhibit gut pathogenic bacteria and reduce ANF in plant protein sources resulting in improved nutrient digestibility, thereby improving performance and gut health of broiler chickens. Unlike pigs, there is still a dearth of information on feeding solid-state fermented feed ingredients to broiler chickens. This review aims to describe the nutritional value of the solid-state fermented products of rapeseed meal, canola meal, cottonseed meal, palm kernel cake and lupin flour on performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo Olukomaiya
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Archerfield BC, QLD, 4108, Australia
| | - Chrishanthi Fernando
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Archerfield BC, QLD, 4108, Australia
| | - Ram Mereddy
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, The University of Queensland, Archerfield BC, QLD, 4108, Australia
| | - Xiuhua Li
- Poultry Science Unit, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Archerfield BC, QLD, 4108, Australia
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Abraham EM, Ganopoulos I, Madesis P, Mavromatis A, Mylona P, Nianiou-Obeidat I, Parissi Z, Polidoros A, Tani E, Vlachostergios D. The Use of Lupin as a Source of Protein in Animal Feeding: Genomic Tools and Breeding Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040851. [PMID: 30781397 PMCID: PMC6413129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Livestock production in the European Union EU is highly dependent on imported soybean, exposing the livestock farming system to risks related to the global trade of soybean. Lupin species could be a realistic sustainable alternative source of protein for animal feeding. Lupinus is a very diverse genus with many species. However, only four of them—namely, L. albus, L. angustifolius, L. luteus and L. mutabilis—are cultivated. Their use in livestock farming systems has many advantages in relation to economic and environmental impact. Generally, lupin grains are characterized by high protein content, while their oil content is relatively low but of high quality. On the other hand, the presence of quinolizidine alkaloids and their specific carbohydrate composition are the main antinutritional factors that prevent their use in animal feeding. This research is mainly related to L. albus and to L. angustifolius, and to a lesser extent, to L. lauteus and L. mutabilis. The breeding efforts are mostly focused on yield stabilization, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, biochemical structure associated with seed quality and late maturing. Progress is made in improving lupin with respect to the seed quality, as well as the tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. It has to be noted that modern cultivars, mostly of L. albus and L. angustifolius, contain low levels of alkaloids. However, for future breeding efforts, the implementation of marker-assisted selection and the available genomic tools is of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni M Abraham
- Laboratory of Range Science, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, HAO-DEMETER, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | - Athanasios Mavromatis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Photini Mylona
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, HAO-DEMETER, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Irini Nianiou-Obeidat
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Zoi Parissi
- Laboratory of Range Science, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Alexios Polidoros
- Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Eleni Tani
- Department of Crop Science, Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
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Variation of lupin protein degradation in ruminants studied in situ and using chemical protein fractions. Animal 2019; 13:709-717. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731118002124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Review: Alternative and novel feeds for ruminants: nutritive value, product quality and environmental aspects. Animal 2018; 12:s295-s309. [PMID: 30318027 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731118002252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruminant-based food production faces currently multiple challenges such as environmental emissions, climate change and accelerating food-feed-fuel competition for arable land. Therefore, more sustainable feed production is needed together with the exploitation of novel resources. In addition to numerous food industry (milling, sugar, starch, alcohol or plant oil) side streams already in use, new ones such as vegetable and fruit residues are explored, but their conservation is challenging and production often seasonal. In the temperate zones, lipid-rich camelina (Camelina sativa) expeller as an example of oilseed by-products has potential to enrich ruminant milk and meat fat with bioactive trans-11 18:1 and cis-9,trans-11 18:2 fatty acids and mitigate methane emissions. Regardless of the lower methionine content of alternative grain legume protein relative to soya bean meal (Glycine max), the lactation performance or the growth of ruminants fed faba beans (Vicia faba), peas (Pisum sativum) and lupins (Lupinus sp.) are comparable. Wood is the most abundant carbohydrate worldwide, but agroforestry approaches in ruminant nutrition are not common in the temperate areas. Untreated wood is poorly utilised by ruminants because of linkages between cellulose and lignin, but the utilisability can be improved by various processing methods. In the tropics, the leaves of fodder trees and shrubs (e.g. cassava (Manihot esculenta), Leucaena sp., Flemingia sp.) are good protein supplements for ruminants. A food-feed production system integrates the leaves and the by-products of on-farm food production to grass production in ruminant feeding. It can improve animal performance sustainably at smallholder farms. For larger-scale animal production, detoxified jatropha (Jatropha sp.) meal is a noteworthy alternative protein source. Globally, the advantages of single-cell protein (bacteria, yeast, fungi, microalgae) and aquatic biomass (seaweed, duckweed) over land crops are the independence of production from arable land and weather. The chemical composition of these feeds varies widely depending on the species and growth conditions. Microalgae have shown good potential both as lipid (e.g. Schizochytrium sp.) and protein supplements (e.g. Spirulina platensis) for ruminants. To conclude, various novel or underexploited feeds have potential to replace or supplement the traditional crops in ruminant rations. In the short-term, N-fixing grain legumes, oilseeds such as camelina and increased use of food and/or fuel industry by-products have the greatest potential to replace or supplement the traditional crops especially in the temperate zones. In the long-term, microalgae and duckweed of high-yield potential as well as wood industry by-products may become economically competitive feed options worldwide.
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Cherif C, Hassanat F, Claveau S, Girard J, Gervais R, Benchaar C. Faba bean (Vicia faba) inclusion in dairy cow diets: Effect on nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation, nitrogen utilization, methane production, and milk performance. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8916-8928. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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McDonnell RP, Staines MVH, Edmunds BE, Morris R. Feeding management, production and performance of 13 pasture-based dairy farms in a Mediterranean environment. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical performance data from 13 dairy farms in Western Australia, six feeding all concentrate in the milking parlour and seven feeding a portion of concentrate in a partial mixed ration (PMR) with forage, were collected between March 2012 and June 2013. Each farm was visited 13 times at intervals of 4–6 weeks, and feed intake and milk production was recorded on each visit. Four farms had access to fresh pasture all year round via irrigation. Milk yield (MY) and composition data was calculated daily from milk processor records. Pasture dry matter intake (DMI) was estimated based on metabolisable energy supply and requirements according to published feeding standards. All milk and feed-related measures were significantly affected by visit date (P < 0.01). Mean annual concentrate intake and MY was 2082 ± 344 kg/cow and 7679 ± 684 kg/cow, respectively. Daily concentrate DMI was greatest in May 2012 (8.9 ± 2.2 kg/cow), near the end of the non-grazing season, and lowest in August 2012 (5.1 ± 1.5 kg/cow). On an average annual basis, PMR farms provided 22 ± 15% of total concentrate fed as part of a PMR, and 28 ± 11% of total concentrates and by-products fed as part of a PMR. Daily grazed pasture DMI was highest on all farms in September 2012 (12.9 ± 2.4 kg/cow), and averaged 6.6 kg/cow on the four irrigated farms between January and May. Daily yield of energy-corrected milk was highest in September 2012 (26.9 kg/cow) and lowest in January 2013 (21.9 kg/cow). Milk fat content was highest in summer and lowest in winter; the reverse was true of milk protein. Feed conversion efficiency was significantly affected by visit date, but mean feed conversion efficiency was the same (1.37) for in-parlour and PMR farms. Overall there was some evidence that PMR feeding systems on Western Australian dairy farms are not optimised to their full potential, but a high degree of variability in performance between all farms was also apparent.
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Khan MK, Karnpanit W, Nasar-Abbas SM, Huma ZE, Jayasena V. Phytochemical composition and bioactivities of lupin: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad K. Khan
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Technology; School of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; Bentley WA 6102 Australia
- Department of Food Science; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Weeraya Karnpanit
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Technology; School of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; Bentley WA 6102 Australia
- Institute of Nutrition; Mahidol University; Salaya Thailand
| | - Syed M. Nasar-Abbas
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Technology; School of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Zill-e- Huma
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Technology; School of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; Bentley WA 6102 Australia
- Department of Food Engineering/National Institute of Food Science & Technology; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Vijay Jayasena
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Technology; School of Public Health; Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; Bentley WA 6102 Australia
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21
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Volek Z, Marounek M, Volková L, Kudrnová E. Effect of diets containing whole white lupin seeds on rabbit doe milk yield and milk fatty acid composition as well as the growth and health of their litters1. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:2041-9. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Viñoles C, Paganoni BL, McNatty KP, Heath DA, Thompson AN, Glover KMM, Milton JTB, Martin GB. Follicle development, endocrine profiles and ovulation rate in adult Merino ewes: effects of early nutrition (pre- and post-natal) and supplementation with lupin grain. Reproduction 2013; 147:101-10. [PMID: 24155291 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In adult ewes, we tested whether ovarian function, including the response to short-term supplementation, was affected by the nutrition of their mothers during the pre-/post-natal period. A 2×2 factorial design was used with nutrition in early life (low or high) and a 6-day supplement (with or without) as factors. All ewes received three prostaglandin (PG) injections 7 days apart, and the supplement (lupin grain) was fed for 6 days from 2 days after the second until the third PG injection. We measured reproductive and metabolic hormones, studied follicle dynamics (ultrasonography), and evaluated granulosa cell numbers, aromatase activity and oestradiol (E2) concentrations in follicular fluid in healthy follicles at days 3 and 7 of supplementation. Ovulation rate was increased by 25% by exposure to high pre-/post-natal nutrition (1.5 vs 1.2; P<0.05), in association with a small decrease in FSH concentrations (P=0.06) and a small increase in insulin concentrations (P=0.07). The number of healthy antral follicles was not affected. Acute supplementation increased the number of granulosa cells (3.7±0.2 vs 3.0±0.2 million; P<0.05) in the largest follicle, and the circulating concentrations of E2 (4.6±0.3 vs 3.9±0.3 pmol/l; P<0.05) and glucose (3.4±0.03 vs 3.3±0.03 mmol/l; P<0.01). Both early life nutrition and acute supplementation appear to affect ovulation rate through changes in glucose-insulin homoeostasis that alter follicular responsiveness to FSH and therefore E2-FSH balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Viñoles
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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23
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Evaluation of some factors influencing the reliability of buffer soluble N recovery in feeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Volek Z, Marounek M. Effect of feeding growing–fattening rabbits a diet supplemented with whole white lupin (Lupinus albus cv. Amiga) seeds on fatty acid composition and indexes related to human health in hind leg meat and perirenal fat. Meat Sci 2011; 87:40-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 07/31/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Nitrogen metabolism in dairy cows fed restricted amounts of grass–clover silage supplemented with seeds from narrow-leafed lupin or pea. Livest Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Woods VB, Fearon AM. Dietary sources of unsaturated fatty acids for animals and their transfer into meat, milk and eggs: A review. Livest Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Viñoles C, Meikle A, Martin GB. Short-term nutritional treatments grazing legumes or feeding concentrates increase prolificacy in Corriedale ewes. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 113:82-92. [PMID: 18639397 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We tested whether short periods of increased nutrition will improve ovulation rate and prolificacy, irrespective of the method used to synchronise the cycles of the ewes. In Experiment 1, we used 138 Corriedale ewes to evaluate two factors: synchronization treatment (sponges versus a single injection of prostaglandin) and type of pasture (native versus improved with Lotus corniculatus). Ewes were mated at the end of the grazing period and prolificacy was evaluated at lambing. Grazing Lotus corniculatus for 12 days tended to increase the number of twin lambs born (P=0.09). The percentage of ewes showing oestrus during a 9-day period was similar among synchronization treatments. Animals in Experiments 2 (n=282) and 3 (n=288) were allocated to a control group or a group fed a supplement of corn grain and soybean meal for 7 days. Ewes received 2 prostaglandin injections and the supplement was fed from Days 11 to 17 after the second prostaglandin. Ovulation rate was measured in 65 (Experiment 2) and 61 (Experiment 3) ewes that were confirmed to have consumed the supplement and showed oestrus in a 4-day period. The supplement increased ovulation rate by 14% in both experiments (P<0.05). We conclude that Corriedale ewes can respond with increases in prolificacy to a 12-day period grazing Lotus corniculatus and in ovulation rate to 7 days feeding with a supplement rich in energy and protein. Moreover, in these studies, prostaglandin was as effective as sponges for synchronising oestrus, an important factor in future decisions about hormonal management of fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Viñoles
- School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, WA, Australia.
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