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Egipto RJL, Aquino A, Andújar JM. Predicting the canopy conductance to water vapor of grapevines using a biophysical model in a hot and arid climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1334215. [PMID: 38405587 PMCID: PMC10885811 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1334215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Canopy conductance is a crucial factor in modelling plant transpiration and is highly responsive to water stress. The objective of this study is to develop a straightforward method for estimating canopy conductance (gc) in grapevines. To predict gc, this study combines stomatal conductance to water vapor (gsw) measurements from grapevine leaves, scaled to represent the canopy size by the leaf area index (LAI), with atmospheric variables, such as net solar radiation (Rn) and air vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The developed model was then validated by comparing its predictions with gc values calculated using the inverse of the Penman Monteith equation. The proposed model demonstrates its effectiveness in estimating the gc, with the highest root-mean-squared-error (RMSE=1.45x10-4 m.s-1) being lower than the minimum gc measured in the field (gc obs=0.0005 m.s-1). The results of this study reveal the significant influence of both VPD and gsw on grapevine canopy conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Jorge Lopes Egipto
- INIAV, I.P.—Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Pólo de Inovação de Dois Portos, Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - Arturo Aquino
- CITES, Centro de Investigación en Tecnología, Energía y Sostenibilidad, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - José Manuel Andújar
- CITES, Centro de Investigación en Tecnología, Energía y Sostenibilidad, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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2
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Gaiotti F, Nerva L, Fila G, Lovat L, Belfiore N, Chitarra W. Comparative effects of drought stress on leaf gas exchange, foliar ABA and leaf orientation in four grapevine cultivars grown in Northern Italy. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14063. [PMID: 38148244 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Drought tolerance varies greatly across Vitis vinifera cultivars, depending on physiological responses and structural and morphological adaptations. In this study, responses to water stress were examined in three extensively cultivated varieties from Northern Italy. Over the course of two seasons, mature potted vines were subjected to a 12 or 13-day period of water restriction. Vine water relations were investigated using measures of water potential, gas exchanges, and leaf ABA content. Leaf angle response to increasing water stress was analysed in the four cultivars as a mechanism that improves stress tolerance. Different physiological responses were observed among cultivars, suggesting a near-isohydric water-use strategy for Moscato and a near-anisohydric one for Garganega, Glera and Merlot. Results of leaf ABA analysis highlighted a variability among the studied varieties, indicating higher contents and lower sensitivity to ABA for the anisohydric ones. In all varieties, a similar increase in midday leaf inclination was observed in response to decreasing stem water potentials, indicating that leaf angle adjustments may represent a common adaptive response to drought. These findings increase the understanding of the leaf physiological and structural mechanisms that contribute to water stress tolerance in grapevine, supporting a more efficient cultivar selection to cope with the expected changes in Mediterranean climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gaiotti
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Luca Nerva
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Gianni Fila
- Research Centre Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Sericulture Laboratory, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lovat
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Nicola Belfiore
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Walter Chitarra
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Conegliano (TV), Italy
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3
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Groenveld T, Obiero C, Yu Y, Flury M, Keller M. Predawn leaf water potential of grapevines is not necessarily a good proxy for soil moisture. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:369. [PMID: 37488482 PMCID: PMC10367393 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plant water relations research, predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) is often used as a proxy for soil water potential (Ψsoil), without testing the underlying assumptions that nighttime transpiration is negligible and that enough time has passed for a hydrostatic equilibrium to be established. The goal of this research was to test the assumption Ψpd = Ψsoil for field-grown grapevines. RESULTS A field trial was conducted with 30 different cultivars of wine grapes grown in a single vineyard in arid southeastern Washington, USA, for two years. The Ψpd and the volumetric soil water content (θv) under each sampled plant were measured multiple times during several dry-down cycles. The results show that in wet soil (Ψsoil > - 0.14 MPa or relative extractable water content, θe > 0.36), Ψpd was significantly lower than Ψsoil for all 30 cultivars. Under dry soil conditions (Ψsoil < - 0.14 MPa or θe < 0.36) Ψpd lined up better with Ψsoil. There were differences between cultivars, but these were not consistent over the years. CONCLUSION These results suggest that for wet soils Ψpd of grapevines cannot be used as a proxy for Ψsoil, while the Ψpd = Ψsoil assumption may hold for dry soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Groenveld
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, USA
- Present Address: Central and Northern Arava Research and Development Center, Hatzeva, Israel
| | - Charles Obiero
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, USA
| | - Yingxue Yu
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, WA, Pullman, USA
| | - Markus Flury
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Puyallup Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Puyallup, WA, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, WA, Pullman, USA
| | - Markus Keller
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, USA.
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Sebastian V, Nicolas O, Alvaro G, Samuel OF. Effect of irrigation management on the relationship between stomatal conductance and stem water potential on cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20235601012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Water relations in vineyards have been largely studied; giving insides regarding the way grapevine interacts with its environment according to water availability, providing us terminologies like Isohydric and Anisohydric, which have been applied to categorize cultivars and rootstocks. Recently, the use of this terminology has been subjected to discussion regarding its use as a category to describe and separate grapevine cultivars instead of using it as a continuous, where grapevines can behave more iso or anysohidric depending on the environment where they are grown. In this study, using a deficit irrigation (RDI) trial in a commercial vineyard located in Maule Valley in Central Chile, the relationship between Midday Stem Water Potential (ψx), Stomatal Conductance (gs), Soil Water Content (WC), and Vapour Pressure Deficit (VPD) on cv. Cabernet Sauvignon was studied, a grape variety that has been classified as isohydric. The trial was carried out for 3 years from 2018 to 2020 in which four RDI treatments were employed to replenish different portions of evapotranspiration (ET) from pea-size until harvest. These irrigation treatments were conceived as 100% ET, 70% ET, 50-100% ET (50% ET before veraison and 100% ET afterwards) and 35-100% ET (35% ET before veraison and 100% ET afterwards). Findings in this study show how the relationship between ψx and gs is treatment dependent; in treatments where no water deficit was imposed a weaker relationship between the variables was observed, showing a large variation between gs at similar ψx, being gs more dependent on VPD compared to the treatments with a larger deficit on its irrigation. As the deficit irrigation increased, grapevines started to shift to a smaller variation on its gs over large variations on its ψx. This result shows that irrigation management and deficit irrigation strategies impact the way plants react to water availability and leads to different behavior on its gs/ψx relationship.
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Dayer S, Lamarque LJ, Burlett R, Bortolami G, Delzon S, Herrera JC, Cochard H, Gambetta GA. Model-assisted ideotyping reveals trait syndromes to adapt viticulture to a drier climate. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1673-1686. [PMID: 35946780 PMCID: PMC9614441 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is challenging the resilience of grapevine (Vitis), one of the most important crops worldwide. Adapting viticulture to a hotter and drier future will require a multifaceted approach including the breeding of more drought-tolerant genotypes. In this study, we focused on plant hydraulics as a multi-trait system that allows the plant to maintain hydraulic integrity and gas exchange rates longer under drought. We quantified a broad range of drought-related traits within and across Vitis species, created in silico libraries of trait combinations, and then identified drought tolerant trait syndromes. By modeling the maintenance of hydraulic integrity of current cultivars and the drought tolerant trait syndromes, we identified elite ideotypes that increased the amount of time they could experience drought without leaf hydraulic failure. Generally, elites exhibited a trait syndrome with lower stomatal conductance, earlier stomatal closure, and a larger hydraulic safety margin. We demonstrated that, when compared with current cultivars, elite ideotypes have the potential to decrease the risk of hydraulic failure across wine regions under future climate scenarios. This study reveals the syndrome of traits that can be leveraged to protect grapevine from experiencing hydraulic failure under drought and increase drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent J Lamarque
- Département des Sciences de l’Environnement, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada G9A 5H7
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Cestas 33610, France
| | - Régis Burlett
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Cestas 33610, France
| | | | | | - José C Herrera
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Hervé Cochard
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand 63000, France
| | - Gregory A Gambetta
- EGFV, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon 33882, France
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Villalobos-Soublett E, Verdugo-Vásquez N, Díaz I, Zurita-Silva A. Adapting Grapevine Productivity and Fitness to Water Deficit by Means of Naturalized Rootstocks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:870438. [PMID: 35685018 PMCID: PMC9171144 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.870438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change effects are unbalanced in all regions and cultivars linked to the wine industry. However, the impact of extreme weather events, such as drought and rising global temperatures, highlight the potential vulnerability in plant productivity, phenology, and crop water requirements that affect quality and harvests. Among adaptative measures for grapevine cultivars in existing or new winegrowing areas, the use of tolerant rootstocks to abiotic stress has been regarded as a mid-term strategy to face emerging constrains. The aim of this study was to compare naturalized or autochthonous rootstocks influence over grapevine cultivar performance and to characterize their response to deficit irrigation conditions. Data was collected from Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah grafted plants for over 3 growing seasons (2018-2021) from a hyper-arid experimental field in Vicuña, Chile. Morpho-physiological parameters were determined throughout seasons and combinations where significant effects from rootstocks, irrigation treatment, and cultivar were observed over An and gs, thus modifying CO2 assimilation and intrinsic Water Use Efficiency (WUEi). Primary productivity and yield were also modified by rootstock depending upon cultivar hydric behavior. Interestingly, cluster and berry traits were unaffected despite how water productivity and integral water stress were modulated by rootstock. In both cultivars, it was observed that trait responses varied according to the irrigation conditions, rootstocks, and their respective interactions, thus highlighting a relative influence of the rootstocks in the processes of adaptation to the water deficit. Moreover, harvest date and acidity were modified by deficit irrigation treatment, and rootstocks did not modify phenological stages. Adaptation of grapevines to expected lower water availability might be improved by using suitable tolerant rootstocks, and maturity index can be modified through irrigation management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez
- Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, La Serena, Chile
| | - Irina Díaz
- Centro de Investigación Raihuén, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, San Javier, Chile
| | - Andrés Zurita-Silva
- Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA, La Serena, Chile
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Carvalho LC, Gonçalves EF, Marques da Silva J, Costa JM. Potential Phenotyping Methodologies to Assess Inter- and Intravarietal Variability and to Select Grapevine Genotypes Tolerant to Abiotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:718202. [PMID: 34764964 PMCID: PMC8575754 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.718202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant phenotyping is an emerging science that combines multiple methodologies and protocols to measure plant traits (e.g., growth, morphology, architecture, function, and composition) at multiple scales of organization. Manual phenotyping remains as a major bottleneck to the advance of plant and crop breeding. Such constraint fostered the development of high throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP), which is largely based on imaging approaches and automatized data retrieval and processing. Field phenotyping still poses major challenges and the progress of HTPP for field conditions can be relevant to support selection and breeding of grapevine. The aim of this review is to discuss potential and current methods to improve field phenotyping of grapevine to support characterization of inter- and intravarietal diversity. Vitis vinifera has a large genetic diversity that needs characterization, and the availability of methods to support selection of plant material (polyclonal or clonal) able to withstand abiotic stress is paramount. Besides being time consuming, complex and expensive, field experiments are also affected by heterogeneous and uncontrolled climate and soil conditions, mostly due to the large areas of the trials and to the high number of traits to be observed in a number of individuals ranging from hundreds to thousands. Therefore, adequate field experimental design and data gathering methodologies are crucial to obtain reliable data. Some of the major challenges posed to grapevine selection programs for tolerance to water and heat stress are described herein. Useful traits for selection and related field phenotyping methodologies are described and their adequacy for large scale screening is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa C. Carvalho
- LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food – Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elsa F. Gonçalves
- LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food – Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Marques da Silva
- BioISI – Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J. Miguel Costa
- LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food – Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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8
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Bartlett MK, Sinclair G. Temperature and evaporative demand drive variation in stomatal and hydraulic traits across grape cultivars. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1995-2009. [PMID: 33300576 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Selection for crop cultivars has largely focused on reproductive traits, while the impacts of global change on crop productivity are expected to depend strongly on the vegetative physiology traits that drive plant resource use and stress tolerance. We evaluated relationships between physiology traits and growing season climate across wine grape cultivars to characterize trait variation across European growing regions. We compiled values from the literature for seven water use and drought tolerance traits and growing season climate. Cultivars with a lower maximum stomatal conductance were associated with regions with a higher mean temperature and mean and maximum vapor pressure deficit (r2=0.39-0.65, P<0.05, n=14-29). Cultivars with greater stem embolism resistance and more anisohydric stomatal behavior (i.e. a more negative water potential threshold for 50% stomatal closure) were associated with cooler regions (r2=0.48-0.72, P<0.03, n=10-29). Overall, cultivars grown in warmer, drier regions exhibited traits that would reduce transpiration and conserve soil water longer into the growing season, but potentially increase stomatal and temperature limitations on photosynthesis under future, hotter conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Bartlett
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela Sinclair
- Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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9
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Albuquerque C, Scoffoni C, Brodersen CR, Buckley TN, Sack L, McElrone AJ. Coordinated decline of leaf hydraulic and stomatal conductances under drought is not linked to leaf xylem embolism for different grapevine cultivars. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7286-7300. [PMID: 33306796 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought decreases water transport capacity of leaves and limits gas exchange, which involves reduced leaf leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) in both the xylem and outside-xylem pathways. Some literature suggests that grapevines are hyper-susceptible to drought-induced xylem embolism. We combined Kleaf and gas exchange measurements, micro-computed tomography of intact leaves, and spatially explicit modeling of the outside-xylem pathways to evaluate the role of vein embolism and Kleaf in the responses of two different grapevine cultivars to drought. Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay exhibited similar vulnerabilities of Kleaf and gs to dehydration, decreasing substantially prior to leaf xylem embolism. Kleaf and gs decreased by 80% for both cultivars by Ψ leaf approximately -0.7 MPa and -1.2 MPa, respectively, while leaf xylem embolism initiated around Ψ leaf = -1.25 MPa in the midribs and little to no embolism was detected in minor veins even under severe dehydration for both cultivars. Modeling results indicated that reduced membrane permeability associated with a Casparian-like band in the leaf vein bundle sheath would explain declines in Kleaf of both cultivars. We conclude that during moderate water stress, changes in the outside-xylem pathways, rather than xylem embolism, are responsible for reduced Kleaf and gs. Understanding this mechanism could help to ensure adequate carbon capture and crop performance under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caetano Albuquerque
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christine Scoffoni
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Craig R Brodersen
- School of the Environment, Yale University, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas N Buckley
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J McElrone
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, CA, USA
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, USA
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Marusig D, Tombesi S. Abscisic Acid Mediates Drought and Salt Stress Responses in Vitis vinifera-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8648. [PMID: 33212767 PMCID: PMC7698233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The foreseen increase in evaporative demand and reduction in rainfall occurrence are expected to stress the abiotic constrains of drought and salt concentration in soil. The intensification of abiotic stresses coupled with the progressive depletion in water pools is a major concern especially in viticulture, as most vineyards rely on water provided by rainfall. Because its economical relevance and its use as a model species for the study of abiotic stress effect on perennial plants, a significant amount of literature has focused on Vitis vinifera, assessing the physiological mechanisms occurring under stress. Despite the complexity of the stress-resistance strategy of grapevine, the ensemble of phenomena involved seems to be regulated by the key hormone abscisic acid (ABA). This review aims at summarizing our knowledge on the role of ABA in mediating mechanisms whereby grapevine copes with abiotic stresses and to highlight aspects that deserve more attention in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Tombesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Vegetali Sostenibili, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
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Gambetta GA, Herrera JC, Dayer S, Feng Q, Hochberg U, Castellarin SD. The physiology of drought stress in grapevine: towards an integrative definition of drought tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4658-4676. [PMID: 32433735 PMCID: PMC7410189 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Water availability is arguably the most important environmental factor limiting crop growth and productivity. Erratic precipitation patterns and increased temperatures resulting from climate change will likely make drought events more frequent in many regions, increasing the demand on freshwater resources and creating major challenges for agriculture. Addressing these challenges through increased irrigation is not always a sustainable solution so there is a growing need to identify and/or breed drought-tolerant crop varieties in order to maintain sustainability in the context of climate change. Grapevine (Vitis vinifera), a major fruit crop of economic importance, has emerged as a model perennial fruit crop for the study of drought tolerance. This review synthesizes the most recent results on grapevine drought responses, the impact of water deficit on fruit yield and composition, and the identification of drought-tolerant varieties. Given the existing gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying grapevine drought responses, we aim to answer the following question: how can we move towards a more integrative definition of grapevine drought tolerance?
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Gambetta
- EGFV, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, chemin de Leysotte, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Correspondence: or
| | - Jose Carlos Herrera
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Tulln, Austria
| | - Silvina Dayer
- EGFV, Bordeaux-Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, chemin de Leysotte, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Quishuo Feng
- Wine Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Uri Hochberg
- ARO Volcani Center, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Simone D Castellarin
- Wine Research Centre, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Correspondence: or
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Zhang JB, Wang XP, Wang YC, Chen YH, Luo JW, Li DD, Li XB. Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) MAPKKK gene family in response to drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:217. [PMID: 32410659 PMCID: PMC7227315 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are significant components in the MAPK signal pathway and play essential roles in regulating plants against drought stress. To explore MAPKKK gene family functioning in cotton response and resistance to drought stress, we conducted a systematic analysis of GhMAPKKKs. RESULTS In this study, 157 nonredundant GhMAPKKKs (including 87 RAFs, 46 MEKKs and 24 ZIKs) were identified in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). These GhMAPKKK genes are unevenly distributed on 26 chromosomes, and segmental duplication is the major way for the enlargement of MAPKKK family. Furthermore, members within the same subfamily share a similar gene structure and motif composition. A lot of cis-elements relevant to plant growth and response to stresses are distributed in promoter regions of GhMAPKKKs. Additionally, these GhMAPKKKs show differential expression patterns in cotton tissues. The transcription levels of most genes were markedly altered in cotton under heat, cold and PEG treatments, while the expressions of some GhMAPKKKs were induced in cotton under drought stress. Among these drought-induced genes, we selected GhRAF4 and GhMEKK12 for further functional characterization by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) method. The experimental results indicated that the gene-silenced cotton displayed decreased tolerance to drought stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was higher, but proline accumulation, relative leaf water content and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were lower in the gene-silenced cotton, compared with those in the controls, under drought stress. CONCLUSION Collectively, a systematic survey of gene structure, chromosomal location, motif composition and evolutionary relationship of MAPKKKs were performed in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). The following expression and functional study showed that some of them take important parts in cotton drought tolerance. Thus, the data presented here may provide a foundation for further investigating the roles of GhMAPKKKs in cotton response and resistance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xin-Peng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Ya-Chao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Yi-Hao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Jing-Wen Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Deng-Di Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
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Oddo E, Abbate L, Inzerillo S, Carimi F, Motisi A, Sajeva M, Nardini A. Water relations of two Sicilian grapevine cultivars in response to potassium availability and drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:282-290. [PMID: 31986482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the response of two Sicilian grapevine cultivars, Catarratto and Nero d'Avola, to potassium deficiency and drought stress. Two-year-old plants grafted on 1103 Paulsen were grown in agriperlite, with or without potassium in the fertigation solution for six weeks, and subjected to moderate drought stress by suspending irrigation for one week. Potassium content of leaves, roots and xylem sap were measured with an ion-selective electrode. Changes in stomatal conductance, stem and leaf water potential and hydraulic conductance were compared between genotypes and treatments. Potassium deficiency led to significant decreases in leaf potassium content in both cultivars and under both well-watered and drought stress conditions. Potassium content in xylem sap showed no significant differences between cultivars and was correlated with stem hydraulic conductance, particularly in the drought stress treatments. Under drought stress conditions, potassium availability led to an increase in stomatal conductance, particularly in Nero d'Avola. Both cultivars showed a rather isohydric behavior under these experimental conditions, and the level of isohydry varied with potassium availability. These results can be useful for the development of optimal fertigation practices and the selection of drought tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Oddo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 20, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Loredana Abbate
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Inzerillo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 20, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Carimi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Motisi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Corso Calatafimi 414, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sajeva
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 20, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Nardini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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