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Li JA, He Y, Yang B, Mokrani A, Li Y, Tan C, Li Q, Liu S. Whole-genome DNA methylation profiling revealed epigenetic regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway involved in response to Vibrio alginolyticus infection in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109705. [PMID: 38885801 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
DNA methylation, an essential epigenetic alteration, is tightly linked to a variety of biological processes, such as immune response. To identify the epigenetic regulatory mechanism in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) was conducted on C. gigas at 0 h, 6 h, and 48 h after infection with Vibrio alginolyticus. At 6 h and 48 h, a total of 11,502 and 14,196 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified (p<0.05, FDR<0.001) compared to 0 h, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were significantly enriched in various biological pathways including immunity, cytoskeleton, epigenetic modification, and metabolic processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that transcription machinery (ko03021) is one of the most important pathways. Integrated transcriptome and methylome analyses allowed the identification of 167 and 379 DMG-related DEGs at 6 h and 48 h, respectively. These genes were significantly enriched in immune-related pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway (ko04064) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway (ko04668). Interestingly, it's observed that the NF-κB pathway could be activated jointly by TNF Receptor Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2) and Baculoviral IAP Repeat Containing 3 (BIRC3, the homolog of human BIRC2) which were regulated by DNA methylation in response to the challenge posed by V. alginolyticus infection. Through this study, we provided insightful information about the epigenetic regulation of immunity-related genes in the C. gigas, which will be valuable for the understanding of the innate immune system modulation and defense mechanism against bacterial infection in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-An Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yameng He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ben Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ahmed Mokrani
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan National Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shikai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan National Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Jung DE, Seo MK, Jo JH, Kim K, Kim C, Kang H, Park SB, Lee HS, Kim S, Song SY. PUM1-TRAF3 fusion protein activates non-canonical NF-κB signaling via rescued NIK in biliary tract cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:170. [PMID: 39090283 PMCID: PMC11294552 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovery and verification of diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for biliary tract cancer (BTC) is challenging owing to the low prevalence of the disease. Here, we identified and investigated the clinical impact of a fusion gene, Pumilio1-tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (PUM1-TRAF3), caused by 1;14 chromosomal translocation in BTC. PUM1-TRAF3 was initially identified in the RNA-sequencing of five BTC surgical tissues and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Expression of the fusion gene was validated in an expanded cohort (5/55, 9.1%). Establishment and molecular assessment of PUM1-TRAF3 expressing BTC cells revealed that PUM1-TRAF3 activates non-canonical NF-κB signaling via NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK). Abnormal TRAF3 activity, driven by competitive binding of PUM1-TRAF3 and TRAF3 to NIK, led to NIK rescue followed by P52/RelB nuclear translocation, all of which were reverted by an NIK inhibitor. The elevated expression of NIK and activated NF-κB signaling was observed in the PUM1-TRAF3-expressing regions of patient tissues. Expression of the PUM1-TRAF3 fusion was significantly correlated with strong NIK expression, which is associated with a poorer prognosis for patients with BTC. Overall, our study identifies a new fusion gene, PUM1-TRAF3, that activates NIK and non-canonical NF-κB signaling, which may be beneficial for developing precise treatment strategies for BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon E Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Mi-Kyoung Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Jo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kahee Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chanyang Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyundeok Kang
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Been Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Seung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Si Young Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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3
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Zhang L, Ludden CM, Cullen AJ, Tew KD, Branco de Barros AL, Townsend DM. Nuclear factor kappa B expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115459. [PMID: 37716117 PMCID: PMC10591792 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this mini-review, we discuss the role of NF-κB, a proinflammatory transcription factor, in the expression of genes involved in inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis pathways, and link it with prognosis of various human cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We and others have shown that NF-κB activity can be impacted by post-translational S-glutathionylation through reversible formation of a mixed disulfide bond between its cysteine residues and glutathione (GSH). Clinical data analysis showed that high expression of NF-κB correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) in NSCLC patients, suggesting a tumor promotion function for NF-κB. Moreover, NF-κB expression was associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and 5-year OS in these patients. NF-κB was over-expressed in the cytoplasm of tumor tissue compared to adjacent normal tissues. S-glutathionylation of NF-κB caused negative regulation by interfering with DNA binding activities of NF-κB subunits. In response to oxidants, S-glutathionylation of NF-κB also correlated with enhanced lung inflammation. Thus, S-glutathionylation is an important contributor to NF-κB regulation and clinical results highlight the importance of NF-κB in NSCLC, where NF-κB levels are associated with unfavorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Claudia M Ludden
- Department of Drug Discovery and Experimental Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Alexander J Cullen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Experimental Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - André Luís Branco de Barros
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Drug Discovery and Experimental Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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Alsalloum A, Shevchenko J, Fisher M, Philippova J, Perik-Zavodskii R, Perik-Zavodskaia O, Alrhmoun S, Lopatnikova J, Vasily K, Volynets M, Zavjalov E, Solovjeva O, Akahori Y, Shiku H, Silkov A, Sennikov S. Exploring TCR-like CAR-Engineered Lymphocyte Cytotoxicity against MAGE-A4. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15134. [PMID: 37894816 PMCID: PMC10606439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
TCR-like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy has emerged as a game-changing strategy in cancer immunotherapy, offering a broad spectrum of potential antigen targets, particularly in solid tumors containing intracellular antigens. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and functional attributes of in vitro-generated T-lymphocytes, engineered with a TCR-like CAR receptor precisely targeting the cancer testis antigen MAGE-A4. Through viral transduction, T-cells were genetically modified to express the TCR-like CAR receptor and co-cultured with MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant surge in cells expressing activation markers CD69, CD107a, and FasL upon encountering tumor cells, indicating robust T-cell activation and cytotoxicity. Moreover, immune transcriptome profiling unveiled heightened expression of pivotal T-effector genes involved in immune response and cell proliferation regulation. Additionally, multiplex assays also revealed increased cytokine production and cytotoxicity driven by granzymes and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), suggesting enhanced anti-tumor immune responses. Preliminary in vivo investigations revealed a significant deceleration in tumor growth, highlighting the therapeutic potential of these TCR-like CAR-T cells. Further investigations are warranted to validate these revelations fully and harness the complete potential of TCR-like CAR-T cells in overcoming cancer's resilient defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alsalloum
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Julia Shevchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Marina Fisher
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Julia Philippova
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Roman Perik-Zavodskii
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Olga Perik-Zavodskaia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Saleh Alrhmoun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Julia Lopatnikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Kurilin Vasily
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Marina Volynets
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Zavjalov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and High Education of Russian Federation, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Solovjeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and High Education of Russian Federation, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yasushi Akahori
- Department of Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Shiku
- Department of Personalized Cancer Immunotherapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan;
| | - Alexander Silkov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Sergey Sennikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.); (J.S.); (M.F.); (J.P.); (R.P.-Z.); (O.P.-Z.); (S.A.); (J.L.); (K.V.); (M.V.); (E.Z.); (O.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Immunology, V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Vashisht M, Ge H, John J, McKelvey HA, Chen J, Chen Z, Wang JH. TRAF2/3 deficient B cells resist DNA damage-induced apoptosis via NF-κB2/XIAP/cIAP2 axis and IAP antagonist sensitizes mutant lymphomas to chemotherapeutic drugs. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:599. [PMID: 37679334 PMCID: PMC10485046 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Deletion of TRAF2 or TRAF3 in B cells prolongs their survival. However, it remains unknown whether deletion of such factors affects B cells' ability to tolerate DNA damage, which can be induced by chemotherapeutics and cause apoptosis. Genetic alterations of TRAF2 or TRAF3 are observed in subsets of human B-cell lymphomas and B cell-specific deletion of TRAF3 led to lymphoma development in aged mice. However, it remains unknown whether double deficiency of TRAF2 and TRAF3 accelerates B-cell lymphomagenesis. Here, we showed that B cell-specific TRAF2/3 double deficient (B-TRAF2/3-DKO) B cells were remarkably more resistant to DNA damage-induced apoptosis via upregulating cIAP2 and XIAP, which in turn attenuates caspase-3 activation. Mechanistically, resistance to DNA damage-induced apoptosis required NF-κB2, which effects by upregulating XIAP and cIAP2 transcription. B-TRAF2/3-DKO mice exhibited a shorter lifespan and succumbed to splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Unexpectedly, the incidence of B-cell lymphoma development in B-TRAF2/3-DKO mice was relatively rare (∼10%). Sequencing B cell receptor repertoire of diseased B cells revealed that TRAF2/3 deficiency caused abnormal oligoclonal or clonal expansion of B cells. While a fraction of mutant B cells (25-43%) from aged diseased mice harbored recurrent chromosomal translocations, primary B cells isolated from young B-TRAF2/3-DKO mice had no detectable chromosomal alterations, suggesting that TRAF2/3 deficiency per se does not cause evident genomic instability in B cells. Chemo-resistant TRAF3-deficient B-cell lymphomas were sensitized to chemotherapeutic drugs by blocking IAP activity using IAP antagonist. We conclude that double deficiency of TRAF2 and TRAF3 does not accelerate B-cell lymphomagenesis. Our studies provide insight into mechanisms regulating DNA damage-induced apoptosis and may help develop effective therapies targeting mutant B-cell lymphomas using IAP antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vashisht
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Huaibin Ge
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jessy John
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Harlie A McKelvey
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jingxin Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zhangguo Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Jing H Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Cheung TC, Atwell S, Bafetti L, Cuenca PD, Froning K, Hendle J, Hickey M, Ho C, Huang J, Lieu R, Lim S, Lippner D, Obungu V, Ward-Kavanagh L, Weichert K, Ware CF, Vendel AC. Epitope topography of agonist antibodies to the checkpoint inhibitory receptor BTLA. Structure 2023; 31:958-967.e3. [PMID: 37279757 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an attractive target for a new class of therapeutics that attempt to rebalance the immune system by agonizing checkpoint inhibitory receptors (CIRs). Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) binds BTLA in both trans- and cis-orientations. We report here the development and structural characterization of three humanized BTLA agonist antibodies, 22B3, 25F7, and 23C8. We determined the crystal structures of the antibody-BTLA complexes, showing that these antibodies bind distinct and non-overlapping epitopes of BTLA. While all three antibodies activate BTLA, 22B3 mimics HVEM binding to BTLA and shows the strongest agonistic activity in functional cell assays and in an imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis. 22B3 is also capable of modulating HVEM signaling through the BTLA-HVEM cis-interaction. The data obtained from crystal structures, biochemical assays, and functional studies provide a mechanistic model of HVEM and BTLA organization on the cell surface and informed the discovery of a highly active BTLA agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Cheung
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shane Atwell
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Lisa Bafetti
- Immunology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Paulina Delgado Cuenca
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Karen Froning
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jorg Hendle
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Michael Hickey
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Carolyn Ho
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Jiawen Huang
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ricky Lieu
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Stacie Lim
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David Lippner
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46225, USA
| | - Victor Obungu
- Biotechnology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46225, USA
| | - Lindsay Ward-Kavanagh
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenneth Weichert
- Discovery Chemistry Research and Technologies, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Carl F Ware
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Andrew C Vendel
- Immunology Discovery Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Guan X, Zhang B, Sun L. TNFR2 is a regulatory target of pol-miR-194a and promotes the antibacterial immunity of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 135:104477. [PMID: 35752347 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory RNAs that modulate target gene expression after transcription. Pol-miR-194a had been reported to be a miRNA of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) involved in Edwardsiella tarda infection. Here, we identified tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) as a target gene of pol-miR-194a. Pol-miR-194a markedly repressed the protein expression of flounder TNFR2 (PoTNFR2) via specific interaction with the 3'UTR of PoTNFR2. PoTNFR2 responded to E. tarda infection in a manner that was opposite to that of pol-miR-194a and inhibited E. tarda invasion by activating the NF-κB pathway. Consistently, dysregulation of PoTNFR2 had a significant impact on E. tarda dissemination in flounder tissues. Together, these results add new insights into the regulation mechanism and immune function of fish TNFR2 and pol-miR-194a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Guan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baocun Zhang
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Li Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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8
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Yang X, Liu R. Long non-coding RNA HCG18 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating miRNA-146a-5p/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6781-6793. [PMID: 35240920 PMCID: PMC8973972 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2034565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be dysregulated in gastric cancer (GC), the function of lncRNA HCG18 (HCG18) in GC is elusive. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the underlying mechanism of HCG18 in GC. HCG18 and microRNA 146a-5p (miR-146a-5p) levels in GC were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The effects of miR-146a-5p and HCG18 on GC cell function were examined using Transwell assay, colony formation, and CCK-8 assays. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and p65 expression levels were detected by Western blot. HCG18 and miR-146a-5p target genes were identified using luciferase reporter and bioinformatics assays. HCG18 expression was increased in GC. HCG18 overexpression significantly increased GC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, HCG18 overexpression inhibited miR-146a-5p and upregulated TRAF6 and p65 expression. Finally, miR-146a-5p/TRAF6 was found to be involved in the role of HCG18 in GC progression in vivo. Altogether, HCG18 promotes GC progression via the miR-146a-5p/TRAF6 axis and could be a GC treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, P. R. China
| | - Run Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, P. R. China
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9
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Gissler MC, Stachon P, Wolf D, Marchini T. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Associated Factors (TRAFs) in Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826630. [PMID: 35252400 PMCID: PMC8891542 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs) represent a family of cytoplasmic signaling adaptor proteins that regulate, bundle, and transduce inflammatory signals downstream of TNF- (TNF-Rs), interleukin (IL)-1-, Toll-like- (TLRs), and IL-17 receptors. TRAFs play a pivotal role in regulating cell survival and immune cell function and are fundamental regulators of acute and chronic inflammation. Lately, the inhibition of inflammation by anti-cytokine therapy has emerged as novel treatment strategy in patients with atherosclerosis. Likewise, growing evidence from preclinical experiments proposes TRAFs as potent modulators of inflammation in atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation. Yet, TRAFs show a highly complex interplay between different TRAF-family members with partially opposing and overlapping functions that are determined by the level of cellular expression, concomitant signaling events, and the context of the disease. Therefore, inhibition of specific TRAFs may be beneficial in one condition and harmful in others. Here, we carefully discuss the cellular expression and signaling events of TRAFs and evaluate their role in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. We also highlight metabolic effects of TRAFs and discuss the development of TRAF-based therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Colin Gissler
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dennis Wolf
| | - Timoteo Marchini
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Li S, Qu L, Wang X, Kong L. Novel insights into RIPK1 as a promising target for future Alzheimer's disease treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107979. [PMID: 34480965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an intractable neurodegenerative disease showing a clinical manifestation with memory loss, cognitive impairment and behavioral dysfunction. The predominant pathological characteristics of AD include neuronal loss, β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and hyperphosphorylated Tau induced neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), while considerable studies proved these could be triggered by neuronal death and neuroinflammation. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a serine/threonine kinase existed at the cross-point of cell death and inflammatory signaling pathways. Emerging investigations have shed light on RIPK1 for its potential role in AD progression. The present review makes a bird's eye view on the functions of RIPK1 and mainly focus on the underlying linkages between RIPK1 and AD from comprehensive aspects including neuronal death, Aβ and Tau, inflammasome activation, BBB rupture, AMPK/mTOR, mitochondrial dysfunction and O-glcNAcylation. Moreover, the discovery of RIPK1 inhibitors, ongoing clinical trials along with future RIPK1-targeted therapeutics are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lailiang Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Li H, Hostager BS, Arkee T, Bishop GA. Multiple mechanisms for TRAF3-mediated regulation of the T cell costimulatory receptor GITR. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101097. [PMID: 34418432 PMCID: PMC8441216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) plays context-specific roles in multiple receptor-mediated signaling pathways in different cell types. Mice lacking TRAF3 in T cells display defective T-cell-mediated immune responses to immunization and infection and demonstrate defective early signaling via the TCR complex. However, the role of TRAF3 in the function of GITR/TNFRSF18, an important costimulatory member of the TNFR superfamily, is unclear. Here we investigated the impact of T cell TRAF3 status on both GITR expression and activation of specific kinases in the GITR signaling pathway in T cells. Our results indicate that TRAF3 negatively regulates GITR functions in several ways. First, expression of GITR protein was elevated in TRAF3-deficient T cells, resulting from both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation that led to greater GITR transcript levels, as well as enhanced GITR protein stability. TRAF3 associated with T cell GITR in a manner dependent upon GITR ligation. TRAF3 also inhibited several events of the GITR mediated early signaling cascade, in a manner independent of recruitment of phosphatases, a mechanism by which TRAF3 inhibits signaling through several other cytokine receptors. These results add new information to our understanding of GITR signaling and function in T cells, which is relevant to the potential use of GITR to enhance immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzeng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Bruce S Hostager
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Tina Arkee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gail A Bishop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Research, Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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12
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Ye Q, Singh S, Qian PR, Guo NL. Immune-Omics Networks of CD27, PD1, and PDL1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4296. [PMID: 34503105 PMCID: PMC8428355 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, there are no prognostic/predictive biomarkers to select chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy in individual non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Major immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have more DNA copy number variations (CNV) than mutations in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) NSCLC tumors. Nevertheless, CNV-mediated dysregulated gene expression in NSCLC is not well understood. Integrated CNV and transcriptional profiles in NSCLC tumors (n = 371) were analyzed using Boolean implication networks for the identification of a multi-omics CD27, PD1, and PDL1 network, containing novel prognostic genes and proliferation genes. A 5-gene (EIF2AK3, F2RL3, FOSL1, SLC25A26, and SPP1) prognostic model was developed and validated for patient stratification (p < 0.02, Kaplan-Meier analyses) in NSCLC tumors (n = 1163). A total of 13 genes (COPA, CSE1L, EIF2B3, LSM3, MCM5, PMPCB, POLR1B, POLR2F, PSMC3, PSMD11, RPL32, RPS18, and SNRPE) had a significant impact on proliferation in 100% of the NSCLC cell lines in both CRISPR-Cas9 (n = 78) and RNA interference (RNAi) assays (n = 92). Multiple identified genes were associated with chemoresponse and radiotherapy response in NSCLC cell lines (n = 117) and patient tumors (n = 966). Repurposing drugs were discovered based on this immune-omics network to improve NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (S.S.); (P.R.Q.)
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Salvi Singh
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (S.S.); (P.R.Q.)
- Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Peter R. Qian
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (S.S.); (P.R.Q.)
| | - Nancy Lan Guo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (Q.Y.); (S.S.); (P.R.Q.)
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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13
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Liu W, Maben Z, Wang C, Lindquist KC, Li M, Rayannavar V, Lopez Armenta I, Nager A, Pascua E, Dominik PK, Oyen D, Wang H, Roach RC, Allan CM, Mosyak L, Chaparro-Riggers J. Structural delineation and phase-dependent activation of the costimulatory CD27:CD70 complex. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101102. [PMID: 34419446 PMCID: PMC8484739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD27 is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor, which stimulates lymphocytes and promotes their differentiation upon activation by TNF ligand CD70. Activation of the CD27 receptor provides a costimulatory signal to promote T cell, B cell, and NK cell activity to facilitate antitumor and anti-infection immunity. Aberrant increased and focused expression of CD70 on many tumor cells renders CD70 an attractive therapeutic target for direct tumor killing. However, despite their use as drug targets to treat cancers, the molecular basis and atomic details of CD27 and CD70 interaction remain elusive. Here we report the crystal structure of human CD27 in complex with human CD70. Analysis of our structure shows that CD70 adopts a classical TNF ligand homotrimeric assembly to engage CD27 receptors in a 3:3 stoichiometry. By combining structural and rational mutagenesis data with reported disease-correlated mutations, we identified the key amino acid residues of CD27 and CD70 that control this interaction. We also report increased potency for plate-bound CD70 constructs compared with solution-phase ligand in a functional activity to stimulate T-cells in vitro. These findings offer new mechanistic insight into this critical costimulatory interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Wang
- Pfizer, Inc, La Jolla, California, USA
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14
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Precision therapy with anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor ceritinib in ALK-rearranged anaplastic large cell lymphoma. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100172. [PMID: 34242968 PMCID: PMC8271116 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 80% of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) patients harbor the (nucleophosmin) NPM1-ALK fusion gene t(2;5) chromosomal translocation. We evaluated the preclinical and clinical efficacy of ceritinib treatment of this aggressive lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied the effects of ceritinib treatment in NPM1-ALK+ T-cell lymphoma cell lines in vitro and on tumor size and survival advantage in vivo utilizing tumor xenografts. We treated an NPM1-ALK+ ALCL patient with ceritinib. We reviewed all hematologic malignancies profiled by a large hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based comprehensive genomic profiling assay for ALK alterations. RESULTS In our in vitro experiments, ceritinib inhibited constitutive activation of the fusion kinase NPM1-ALK and downstream effector molecules STAT3, AKT, and ERK1/2, and induced apoptosis of these lymphoma cell lines. Cell cycle analysis following ceritinib treatment showed G0/G1 arrest with a concomitant decrease in the percentage of cells in S and G2/M phases. Further, treatment with ceritinib in the NPM1-ALK+ ALCL xenograft model resulted in tumor regression and improved survival. Of 19 272 patients with hematopoietic diseases sequenced, 58 patients (0.30%) harbored ALK fusions that include histiocytic disorders, multiple myeloma, B-cell neoplasms, Castleman's disease, and juvenile xanthogranuloma. A multiple relapsed NPM1-ALK+ ALCL patient treated with ceritinib achieved complete remission with ongoing clinical benefit to date, 5 years after initiation of therapy. CONCLUSIONS This ceritinib translational study in NPM1-ALK+ ALCL provides a strong rationale for a prospective study of ceritinib in ALK+ T-cell lymphomas and other ALK+ hematologic malignancies.
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15
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Fu N, Xie F, Sun Z, Wang Q. The OX40/OX40L Axis Regulates T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation: Implications for Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670637. [PMID: 34234777 PMCID: PMC8256170 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
T Follicular helper (Tfh) cells, a unique subset of CD4+ T cells, play an essential role in B cell development and the formation of germinal centers (GCs). Tfh differentiation depends on various factors including cytokines, transcription factors and multiple costimulatory molecules. Given that OX40 signaling is critical for costimulating T cell activation and function, its roles in regulating Tfh cells have attracted widespread attention. Recent data have shown that OX40/OX40L signaling can not only promote Tfh cell differentiation and maintain cell survival, but also enhance the helper function of Tfh for B cells. Moreover, upregulated OX40 signaling is related to abnormal Tfh activity that causes autoimmune diseases. This review describes the roles of OX40/OX40L in Tfh biology, including the mechanisms by which OX40 signaling regulates Tfh cell differentiation and functions, and their close relationship with autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- NanNan Fu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - ZhongWen Sun
- Department of Medical Technology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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16
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Bosmans LA, Shami A, Atzler D, Weber C, Gonçalves I, Lutgens E. Glucocorticoid induced TNF receptor family-related protein (GITR) - A novel driver of atherosclerosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 139:106884. [PMID: 34102305 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven, chronic inflammatory disease. In spite of efficient lipid lowering treatments, such as statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, patients, especially those with elevated inflammatory biomarkers, still have a significant residual cardiovascular disease risk. Novel drugs targeting inflammatory mediators are needed to further reduce this residual risk. Agonistic immune checkpoint proteins, including CD86, CD40L and CD40, have been shown to be drivers of atherosclerosis. Recently, glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor family-related protein (GITR), a co-stimulatory immune checkpoint protein, was identified to be pivotal in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular patients have elevated soluble GITR plasma levels compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, in human carotid endarterectomy plaques, GITR expression was higher in plaques from symptomatic compared to asymptomatic patients and correlated with features of plaque vulnerability. Moreover, depleting GITR reduced atherosclerotic plaque development in mice. GITR-deficient monocytes and macrophages exhibited less inflammatory potential and reduced migratory capacity. In this review, we discuss GITR's effects on various immune cells, mechanisms, signalling pathways and finally GITR's potential as a novel drug target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Bosmans
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annelie Shami
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dorothee Atzler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU Munich), Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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17
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Gurley JM, Gmyrek GB, McClellan ME, Hargis EA, Hauck SM, Dozmorov MG, Wren JD, Carr DJJ, Elliott MH. Neuroretinal-Derived Caveolin-1 Promotes Endotoxin-Induced Inflammation in the Murine Retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:19. [PMID: 33079993 PMCID: PMC7585394 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.12.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The immune-privileged environment and complex organization of retinal tissue support the retina's essential role in visual function, yet confound inquiries into cell-specific inflammatory effects that lead to dysfunction and degeneration. Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is an integral membrane protein expressed in several retinal cell types and is implicated in immune regulation. However, whether Cav1 promotes or inhibits inflammatory processes in the retina (as well as in other tissues) remains unclear. Previously, we showed that global-Cav1 depletion resulted in reduced retinal inflammatory cytokine production but paradoxically elevated retinal immune cell infiltration. We hypothesized that these disparate responses are the result of differential cell-specific Cav1 functions in the retina. Methods We used Cre/lox technology to deplete Cav1 specifically in the neural retinal (NR) compartment to clarify the role NR-specific Cav1 (NR-Cav1) in the retinal immune response to intravitreal inflammatory challenge induced by activation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4). We used multiplex protein suspension array and flow cytometry to evaluate innate immune activation. Additionally, we used bioinformatics assessment of differentially expressed membrane-associated proteins to infer relationships between NR-Cav1 and immune response pathways. Results NR-Cav1 depletion, which primarily affects Müller glia Cav1 expression, significantly altered immune response pathway regulators, decreased retinal inflammatory cytokine production, and reduced retinal immune cell infiltration in response to LPS-stimulated inflammatory induction. Conclusions Cav1 expression in the NR compartment promotes the innate TLR4-mediated retinal tissue immune response. Additionally, we have identified novel potential immune modulators differentially expressed with NR-Cav1 depletion. This study further clarifies the role of NR-Cav1 in retinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami M Gurley
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Grzegorz B Gmyrek
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Mark E McClellan
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Hargis
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Daniel J J Carr
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Michael H Elliott
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
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18
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Piao W, Kasinath V, Saxena V, Lakhan R, Iyyathurai J, Bromberg JS. LTβR Signaling Controls Lymphatic Migration of Immune Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040747. [PMID: 33805271 PMCID: PMC8065509 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic functions of lymphotoxin (LT)β receptor (LTβR) signaling are linked to the control of secondary lymphoid organ development and structural maintenance, inflammatory or autoimmune disorders, and carcinogenesis. Recently, LTβR signaling in endothelial cells has been revealed to regulate immune cell migration. Signaling through LTβR is comprised of both the canonical and non-canonical-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways, which induce chemokines, cytokines, and cell adhesion molecules. Here, we focus on the novel functions of LTβR signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells for migration of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and specific targeting of LTβR signaling for potential therapeutics in transplantation and cancer patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Piao
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (W.P.); (R.L.)
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (V.S.); (J.I.)
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Vikas Saxena
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (V.S.); (J.I.)
| | - Ram Lakhan
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (W.P.); (R.L.)
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (V.S.); (J.I.)
| | - Jegan Iyyathurai
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (V.S.); (J.I.)
| | - Jonathan S. Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (W.P.); (R.L.)
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (V.S.); (J.I.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +410-328-6430
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19
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Tang T, Cheng X, Truong B, Sun L, Yang X, Wang H. Molecular basis and therapeutic implications of CD40/CD40L immune checkpoint. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 219:107709. [PMID: 33091428 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The CD40 receptor and its ligand CD40L is one of the most critical molecular pairs of the stimulatory immune checkpoints. Both CD40 and CD40L have a membrane form and a soluble form generated by proteolytic cleavage or alternative splicing. CD40 and CD40L are widely expressed in various types of cells, among which B cells and myeloid cells constitutively express high levels of CD40, and T cells and platelets express high levels of CD40L upon activation. CD40L self-assembles into functional trimers which induce CD40 trimerization and downstream signaling. The canonical CD40/CD40L signaling is mediated by recruitment of TRAFs and NF-κB activation, which is supplemented by signal pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPKs and JAK3/STATs. CD40/CD40L immune checkpoint leads to activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells via two-way signaling. CD40/CD40L interaction also participates in regulating thrombosis, tissue inflammation, hematopoiesis and tumor cell fate. Because of its essential role in immune activation, CD40/CD40L interaction has been regarded as an attractive immunotherapy target. In recent years, significant advance has been made in CD40/CD40L-targeted therapy. Various types of agents, including agonistic/antagonistic monoclonal antibodies, cellular vaccines, adenoviral vectors and protein antagonist, have been developed and evaluated in early-stage clinical trials for treating malignancies, autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection. In general, these agents have demonstrated favorable safety and some of them show promising clinical efficacy. The mechanisms of benefits include immune cell activation and tumor cell lysis/apoptosis in malignancies, or immune cell inactivation in autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, processing, cellular expression pattern, signaling and effector function of CD40/CD40L checkpoint molecules. In addition, we summarize the progress, targeted diseases and outcomes of current ongoing and completed clinical trials of CD40/CD40L-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- TingTing Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Billy Truong
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - LiZhe Sun
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - XiaoFeng Yang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
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20
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Rastogi M, Singh SK. Japanese Encephalitis Virus exploits microRNA-155 to suppress the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in human microglial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194639. [PMID: 32987149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) is a single positive strand RNA virus, belongs to the Flaviviridae family. JEV is neurotropic in nature which accounts for 30-50% neurological, psychiatric sequelae and movement disorder, with 20-30% case fatality rate among children or elder population. JEV causes neuronal loss and microglial activation which leads to neuroinflammation. The microRNAs are the molecular switches, which regulate the gene expression post-transcriptionally. The microRNA-155 has been reported to be associated with CNS-related pathologies like, experimental autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In the present study, we infected microglial cells with JEV, which resulted in the up-regulation of microRNA-155; quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The gene target prediction databases revealed pellino 1 as a putative gene target for microRNA-155. The over-expression based studies of microRNA-155 mimics, scrambles, inhibitors, and cy3 negative control demonstrated the role of PELI1 in the regulation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway via TRAF3. The luciferase assay showed the regulation of NF-κB promoter via microRNA-155 in JEV infected microglial cells. The suppression of NF-κB in JEV infected microglial cells led to the reduced expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. JEV exploits cellular microRNA-155 to suppress the expression of PELI1 in human microglial cells as a part of their immune evasion strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Rastogi
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India
| | - Sunit Kumar Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
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21
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Hu S, Wang L, Xie X, Yang X, Cai L, Zhu A. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2/7 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1-associated death domain protein from Larimichthys crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:385-402. [PMID: 32387478 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we characterized tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2/7 (lcTRAF2/7) and TNFR1-associated death domain protein (lcTRADD) in Larimichthys crocea (L. crocea) and examined their expression profiles in tissues of Vibrio-challenged and unchallenged fish. The coding sequences of lcTRAF2, lcTRAF7, and lcTRADD were 1488, 2454, and 744 nucleotides, and they encoded proteins of 495, 344, and 248 amino acids, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis revealed that lcTRAF2, lcTRAF7, and lcTRADD were closest to Oplegnathus fasciatus (85%), Xiphophorus maculatus (97%), and Acanthochromis polyacanthus (65%), respectively. Multiple sequence alignment showed that lcTRAF2 and lcTRAF7 were highly conserved with other vertebrate TRAFs in their functional domains; however, lcTRADD was poorly conserved. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that lcTRAF2, lcTRAF7, and lcTRADD were constitutively expressed in the spleen, liver, kidney, heart, brain, gill, bladder, skin, fin, eye, and muscle. After challenging fish with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the mRNA expression levels of lcTRAF2, lcTRAF7, and lcTRADD were upregulated in liver, spleen, and kidney. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that lcTRAF2 and lcTRADD were cytoplasmic in localization, whereas lcTRAF7 targeted both the cytoplasm and nucleus. In addition, the NF-κB protein level was upregulated after lipopolysaccharide stimulation in lcTRAF2, lcTRAF7, or lcTRADD overexpressing cells. Taken collectively, these results have improved our understanding of the functions of TRAF2, TRAF7, and TRADD in pathogenic infections in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aiyi Zhu
- Zhejiang Ocean University, China.
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22
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El Saftawy EA, Amin NM, Sabry RM, El-Anwar N, Shash RY, Elsebaie EH, Wassef RM. Can Toxoplasma gondii Pave the Road for Dementia? J Parasitol Res 2020; 2020:8859857. [PMID: 32802484 PMCID: PMC7414348 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8859857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is an ominous neurological disease. Scientists proposed a link between its occurrence and the presence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The long-term sequels of anti-Toxoplasma premunition, chiefly dominated by TNF-α, on the neurons and their receptors as the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), which is tangled in cognition and synaptic plasticity, are still not clear. IGF-1R mediates its action via IGF-1, and its depletion is incorporated in the pathogenesis of dementia. The activated TNF-α signaling pathway induces NF-κβ that may induce or inhibit neurogenesis. This study speculates the potential impact of anti-Toxoplasma immune response on the expression of IGF-1R in chronic cerebral toxoplasmosis. The distributive pattern of T. gondii cysts was studied in association with TNF-α serum levels, the in situ expression of NF-κβ, and IGF-1R in mice using the low virulent ME-49 T. gondii strain. There was an elevation of the TNF-α serum level (p value ≤ 0.004) and significant upsurge in NF-κβ whereas IGF-1R was of low abundance (p value < 0.05) compared to the controls. TNF-α had a strong positive correlation with the intracerebral expression of NF-κβ (r value ≈ 0.943, p value ≈ 0.005) and a strong negative correlation to IGF-1R (r value -0.584 and -0.725 for area% and O.D., respectively). This activated TNF-α/NF-κβ keeps T. gondii under control at the expense of IGF-1R expression, depriving neurons of the effect of IGF-1, the receptor's ligand. We therefore deduce that T. gondii immunopathological reaction may be a road paver for developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas A. El Saftawy
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Amin
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Sabry
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha El-Anwar
- Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Rania Y. Shash
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman H. Elsebaie
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rita M. Wassef
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Liu T, Wu Y, Han Y, Liu Q, Chen S, Zhao H. Genome-wide characterization of TNF receptor-associated factors in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis and their expression profiling in response to Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 101:88-98. [PMID: 32229294 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factors (TRAFs) are a family of crucial signaling molecules that mediate the signal transduction of various immune signaling pathways. Extensive studies have demonstrated that TRAFs play vital roles in regulating cellular immune responses. However, the biological functions and expression profiling of TRAFs in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) remain unclear. In this study, the genes of the PsTRAF family at the genome-wide level were identified in P. sinensis, revealing six PsTRAF members that contained the conserved TRAF domain in the C-terminal regions. Molecular evolutionary analysis showed that PsTRAFs shared close evolutionary relationships and similar protein crystal structures with the TRAF homologs from other turtles, indicating the evolutionary conservation of PsTRAFs. Further expression analysis revealed the tissue-specific expression of PsTRAF genes. Obvious variations in the expression of PsTRAF genes were observed in the spleen in response to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Three PsTRAF genes, PsTRAF2, PsTRAF3, and PsTRAF6, were significantly upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels post-infection, indicating their potential function in the immune response. Moreover, the protein-protein associations of PsTRAFs with several signaling receptors were predicted in P. sinensis. These results provide a basis for the investigation of the functional roles of PsTRAFs in immune defense against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Yongjie Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Yawen Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Qingyang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Shulin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Huiying Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
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24
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Li KM, Li M, Wang N, Chen YD, Xu XW, Xu WT, Wang L, Chen SL. Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of the TRAF gene family in Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:13-25. [PMID: 31760167 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) play crucial roles as signaling mediators for the TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamily and the interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor (IL-1R/TLR) superfamily. TRAFs collectively play important roles in multiple biological processes and organismal immunity. However, systematic identification of the TRAF gene family in teleost fish has not yet been reported, and there is little available information about its roles in innate immunity in Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), an aquaculture fish of high economic value. In the present study, we identified and characterized seven TRAF genes, namely, CsTRAF2a, CsTRAF2b, CsTRAF3, CsTRAF4, CsTRAF5, CsTRAF6 and CsTRAF7, in Chinese tongue sole, and the complete ORFs of the CsTRAFs were cloned. Sequence analysis revealed various genomic structures of the CsTRAFs and showed that they contain typical conserved domains compared with mammalian TRAFs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the evolutionary relationships of TRAF family members in teleost fish and revealed an absence of TRAF1 in most species and TRAF5 in some species of teleosts. Analysis of the gene structures and motifs showed the diversity and distribution of exon-intron structures and conserved motifs in Chinese tongue sole and several other teleost species. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to investigate the expression patterns of CsTRAF genes in tissues of healthy fish and in the gills, livers and spleens of fish after bacterial infection with Vibrio harveyi. The results indicate that only CsTRAF2a is relatively highly expressed in the brain and that the other CsTRAFs are highly expressed in immune-related tissues and may participate in the immune response after infection with pathogenic bacteria. Functional analysis of CsTRAF3, CsTRAF4 and CsTRAF6 revealed that only CsTRAF6 could strongly activate the NF-кB pathway after overexpression of CsTRAF3, CsTRAF4 and CsTRAF6 in HEK-293T cells. This systematic analysis provided valuable information about the diverse roles of TRAFs in the innate immune response to pathogenic bacterial infection in teleost fish and will contribute to the functional characterization of CsTRAF genes in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ya-Dong Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xi-Wen Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wen-Teng Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Song-Lin Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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25
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Han XQ, Gao F, Lu M, Liu ZG, Wang M, Ke XL, Gao YX. Identification and characterisation of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) associated factor 3 from Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:185-193. [PMID: 31721203 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we cloned the complementary (c)DNA sequences of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3 (traf3) in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The expression patterns of the traf3 gene were investigated and preliminary functional analyses were performed. In healthy fish, traf3 transcript was broadly expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression level in the blood and the lowest in the liver. The traf3 gene reached its highest expression at 8 days post-fertilisation (dpf) during embryonic development. Moreover, we found that expression of traf3 was clearly altered following stimulation with Streptococcus agalactiae in vivo and that traf3 could be induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), Poly I: C and S. agalactiae WC1535 in Nile tilapia macrophages. Overexpression in 293T cells showed that Traf3 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and could significantly increase nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation. Taken together, these results implied that traf3 could play important roles in the immune response to pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Han
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Gao
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maixin Lu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ke
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Xia Gao
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Hu J, Xia X, Gorlick R, Li S. Induction of NKG2D ligand expression on tumor cells by CD8 + T-cell engagement-mediated activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and p300/CBP-associated factor. Oncogene 2019; 38:7433-7446. [PMID: 31427736 PMCID: PMC6895417 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ligands for the natural killer group 2 (NKG2D) protein render tumor cells susceptible to NKG2D-dependent immune cell attack. However, cancer cells escape from immune surveillance by downregulating NKG2D ligands. We previously discovered that engagement of activated CD8+ T cells and tumor cells induces NKG2D ligands on tumor cells, but the underlying mechanism remains to be defined. Both in vivo mouse tumor models and in vitro cell assays were performed to study the downstream signaling. Our results supported the notion that, upon engagement with the cognate receptors, CD137 ligand and CD40 initiates activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in tumor cells even in the absence of CD8+ T cells. Like tumor and CD8+ T cell contact-dependent NKG2D ligand induction, this CD137L/CD40-mediated signaling activation was associated with elevated levels of acetyltransferase P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), whereas inhibition of phosphorylated NF-κB abrogated PCAF induction. Although stimulation of CD137L/CD40-mediated signaling is vital, inflammatory cytokines, including interferon gamma (IFNγ) and TNFα, also facilitate NKG2D ligand-induced immune surveillance via both facilitating T-cell chemotaxis and CD137L/CD40 induced NF-κB/PCAF activation. Collectively, our results unveil a novel mechanism of NKG2D ligand upregulation involving reverse signaling of CD40 and CD137L on tumor cells which, along with inflammatory cytokines IFNγ and TNFα, stimulate downstream NF-κB and PCAF activation. Understanding this mechanism may help in development of induced NKG2D ligand-dependent T-cell therapy against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemiao Hu
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xueqing Xia
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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27
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Hu LF, Feng J, Dai X, Sun Y, Xiong M, Lai L, Zhong S, Yi C, Chen G, Li H, Yang Q, Kuang Q, Long T, Zhan J, Tang T, Ge C, Tan J, Xu M. Oral flavonoid fisetin treatment protects against prolonged high-fat-diet-induced cardiac dysfunction by regulation of multicombined signaling. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 77:108253. [PMID: 31835147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Excess high-fat diet (HFD) intake predisposes the occurrence of obesity-associated heart injury, but the mechanism is elusive. Fisetin (FIS), as a natural flavonoid, has potential activities to alleviate obesity-induced metabolic syndrome. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of FIS against HFD-induced cardiac injury remain unclear. The present study was to explore the protective effects of FIS on cardiac dysfunction in HFD-fed mice. We found that FIS alleviated HFD-triggered metabolic disorder by reducing body weight, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, and insulin resistance. Moreover, FIS supplements significantly alleviated dyslipidemia in both mouse hearts and cardiomyocytes stimulated by metabolic stress. FIS treatment abolished HFD-induced inflammatory response in heart tissues through suppressing TNF receptor-1/TNF receptor-associated factor-2 (Tnfr-1/Traf-2) signaling. Furthermore, FIS induced a strong reduction in the expression of fibrosis-related genes, contributing to the inhibition of fibrosis by inactivating transforming growth factor (Tgf)-β1/Smads/Erk1/2 signaling. Collectively, these results demonstrated that FIS could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity-associated cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Feng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jing Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Xianling Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Mingxin Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Lili Lai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Shaoyu Zhong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Chao Yi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Geng Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Qiufeng Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Qin Kuang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Tingting Long
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Jianxia Zhan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China
| | - Chenxu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China; Research Center of Brain Intellectual Promotion and Development for Children Aged 0-6 Years, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, PR China.
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Xia H, Li Y, Wang Z, Chen W, Cheng J, Yu D, Lu Y. Expression and functional analysis of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 5 from Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:781-788. [PMID: 31326588 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a pivotal economic fish that has been plagued by Streptococcus infections. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) is a crucial adaptor molecule, which can trigger downstream signaling cascades involved in immune pathway. In this study, Nile tilapia TRAF5 coding sequence (named OnTRAF5) was obtained, which contained typical functional domains, such as RING, zinc finger, coiled-coil and MATH domain. Different from other TRAF molecules, OnTRAF5 had shown relatively low identify with its homolog, and it was clustered into other teleost TRAF5 proteins. qRT-PCR was used to analysis the expression level of OnTRAF5 in gill, skin, muscle, head kidney, heart, intestine, thymus, liver, spleen and brain, In healthy Nile tilapia, the expression level of OnTRAF5 in intestine, gill and spleen were significantly higher than other tissues. While under Streptococcus agalactiae infection, the expression level of OnTRAF5 was improved significantly in all detected organs. Additionally, over-expression WT OnTRAF5 activated NF-κB, deletion of RING or zinc finger caused the activity impaired. In conclusion, OnTRAF5 participate in anti-bacteria immune response and is crucial for the signaling transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Xia
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Dapeng Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China; College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Zhang B, Shetti D, Fan C, Wei K. miR-29b-3p promotes progression of MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells through downregulating TRAF3. Biol Res 2019; 52:38. [PMID: 31349873 PMCID: PMC6659300 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second common malignant cancer among females worldwide. Accumulating studies have indicated that deregulation of miRNA expression in breast cancer will contribute to tumorigenesis and form different cancer subtypes. However, the reported studies on miR-29b-3p-regulated breast cancer are limited so far. Herein, we investigated the role and mechanism of miR-29b-3p in the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. METHODS The relative miR-29b-3p expression in different breast cancer cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR. CCK8 and colony formation assay were used to determine the influence of miR-29b-3p on cell proliferation. Migration assay and invasion assay were performed for cell migration and invasion respectively. To study the cell integrity immunofluorescence was performed. TUNEL assay, flow cytometry assay, hoechst staining and western blot were conducted to determine the influence of miR-29b-3p inhibitor on cell apoptosis. TRAF3 was found to be the target gene of miR-29b-3p using bioinformatics predictions. Dual-luciferase assay was performed to determine the relative luciferase activity in NC, miR-29b-3p mimic, miR-29b-3p inhibitor with TRAF3 3'-UTR wt or TRAF3 3'-UTR mt reporter plasmids. The proteins expression of NF-κB signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 after transfection with NC, miR-29b-3p mimic, miR-29b-3p inhibitor were determined by western blot. RESULTS The miR-29b-3p expression was significantly increased in MDA-MB-231 compare with MCF-10A. miR-29b-3p inhibitor reduced the cell viability of MDA-MB-231 and inhibited cell migration and invasion. Cell cytoskeleton integrity destroyed after miR-29b-3p inhibitor treatment. Furthermore, we identified the mechanism and found miR-29b-3p targets the TRAF3 and activates NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS From the above studies, our results indicated that miR-29b-3p acts as a promoter for the development of MDA-MB-231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Dattatrya Shetti
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Conghui Fan
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wei
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
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Fochi S, Bergamo E, Serena M, Mutascio S, Journo C, Mahieux R, Ciminale V, Bertazzoni U, Zipeto D, Romanelli MG. TRAF3 Is Required for NF-κB Pathway Activation Mediated by HTLV Tax Proteins. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1302. [PMID: 31244811 PMCID: PMC6581700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia viruses type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) share a common genome organization and expression strategy but have distinct pathological properties. HTLV-1 is the etiological agent of Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL) and of HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP), whereas HTLV-2 does not cause hematological disorders and is only sporadically associated with cases of subacute myelopathy. Both HTLV genomes encode two regulatory proteins that play a pivotal role in pathogenesis: the transactivating Tax-1 and Tax-2 proteins and the antisense proteins HBZ and APH-2, respectively. We recently reported that Tax-1 and Tax-2 form complexes with the TNF-receptor associated factor 3, TRAF3, a negative regulator of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway. The NF-κB pathway is constitutively activated by the Tax proteins, whereas it is inhibited by HBZ and APH-2. The antagonistic effects of Tax and antisense proteins on NF-κB activation have not yet been fully clarified. Here, we investigated the effect of TRAF3 interaction with HTLV regulatory proteins and in particular its consequence on the subcellular distribution of the effector p65/RelA protein. We demonstrated that Tax-1 and Tax-2 efficiency on NF-κB activation is impaired in TRAF3 deficient cells obtained by CRISPR/Cas9 editing. We also found that APH-2 is more effective than HBZ in preventing Tax-dependent NF-κB activation. We further observed that TRAF3 co-localizes with Tax-2 and APH-2 in cytoplasmic complexes together with NF-κB essential modulator NEMO and TAB2, differently from HBZ and TRAF3. These results contribute to untangle the mechanism of NF-κB inhibition by HBZ and APH-2, highlighting the different role of the HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 regulatory proteins in the NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Fochi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Bergamo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Serena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Mutascio
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chloé Journo
- Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111 - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée "Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale", UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111 - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Equipe Labellisée "Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale", UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Umberto Bertazzoni
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Donato Zipeto
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Nunoya JI, Masuda M, Ye C, Su L. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Bearing Herpes Virus Entry Mediator Co-stimulatory Signal Domain Exhibits High Functional Potency. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 14:27-37. [PMID: 31011630 PMCID: PMC6463745 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is a hybrid molecule consisting of an antigen-binding domain and a signal transduction domain. The artificial T cells expressing CAR (CAR-T cells) are expected to be a useful tool for treatment of various diseases, such as cancer. The addition of a co-stimulatory signal domain (CSSD) to CAR is shown to be critical for modulating CAR-T cell activities. However, the interplay among types of CSSDs, effector functions, and characteristics of CAR-T cells is largely unknown. To elucidate the interplay, we analyzed effector functions, differentiation to memory T cell subsets, exhaustion, and energy metabolism of the CAR-T cells with different CSSDs. Comparing to the CAR-T cells bearing a CD28- or 4-1BB-derived CSSD, which are currently used for CAR-T cell development, we found that the CAR-T cells with a herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM)-derived CSSD exhibited enhanced effector functions and efficient and balanced differentiation to both central and effector memory subsets, associated with an elevated energy metabolism and a reduced level of exhaustion. Thus, we developed the CAR-T cells bearing the CSSD derived from HVEM with high functional potency. The HVEM-derived CSSD may be useful for developing effective CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Nunoya
- Department of Microbiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Corresponding author: Jun-ichi Nunoya, Department of Microbiology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan.
| | - Michiaki Masuda
- Department of Microbiology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chaobaihui Ye
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lishan Su
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Corresponding author: Lishan Su, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Plotkin LI, Bruzzaniti A. Molecular signaling in bone cells: Regulation of cell differentiation and survival. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2019; 116:237-281. [PMID: 31036293 PMCID: PMC7416488 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The achievement of proper bone mass and architecture, and their maintenance throughout life requires the concerted actions of osteoblasts, the bone forming cells, and osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells. The differentiation and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts are regulated by molecules produced by matrix-embedded osteocytes, as well as by cross talk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts through secreted factors. In addition, it is likely that direct contact between osteoblast and osteoclast precursors, and the contact of these cells with osteocytes and cells in the bone marrow, also modulates bone cell differentiation and function. With the advancement of molecular and genetic tools, our comprehension of the intracellular signals activated in bone cells has evolved significantly, from early suggestions that osteoblasts and osteoclasts have common precursors and that osteocytes are inert cells in the bone matrix, to the very sophisticated understanding of a network of receptors, ligands, intracellular kinases/phosphatases, transcription factors, and cell-specific genes that are known today. These advances have allowed the design and FDA-approval of new therapies to preserve and increase bone mass and strength in a wide variety of pathological conditions, improving bone health from early childhood to the elderly. We have summarized here the current knowledge on selected intracellular signal pathways activated in osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Angela Bruzzaniti
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States; Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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33
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Paul P, Deka H, Malakar AK, Halder B, Chakraborty S. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: understanding its molecular biology at a fine scale. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 27:33-41. [PMID: 27748661 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among all cancers, the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is quite high in the endemic regions. NPC is a head and neck cancer with poor survival rate, and is rare throughout most of the world but common in certain geographic areas, like southern Asia and some regions of North East India (Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram). A clear understanding of its etiology is still lacking, but NPC is widely suspected to be the result of both genetic susceptibility and exposure to environmental factors or Epstein-Barr virus infection. Diagnosis in the early stages needs a high index of clinical acumen, and, although most cross-sectional imaging investigations show the tumor with precision, confirmation is dependent on histology. This article reviews all related research reports on NPC histopathological classifications worldwide that have been published within the past 20 years. Genome-wide association studies suggested that there might be common disease mechanisms between that disease and NPC. Personalized management rules, quality assessment of life in patients, and an understanding of the essential mechanisms of recurrence could be directed toward research into recurrent NPC. Hence, this literature would offer otolaryngologists a deeper insight into the etiological and management aspects of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosenjit Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
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Pedros C, Altman A, Kong KF. Role of TRAFs in Signaling Pathways Controlling T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation and T Cell-Dependent Antibody Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2412. [PMID: 30405612 PMCID: PMC6204373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells represent a highly specialized CD4+ T cell subpopulation that supports the generation of germinal centers (GC) and provides B cells with critical signals promoting antibody class switching, generation of high affinity antibodies, and memory formation. TFH cells are characterized by the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR5, the transcription factor Bcl-6, costimulatory molecules ICOS, and PD-1, and the production of cytokine IL-21. The acquisition of a TFH phenotype is a complex and multistep process that involves signals received through engagement of the TCR along with a multitude of costimulatory molecules and cytokines receptors. Members of the Tumor necrosis factor Receptor Associated Factors (TRAF) represent one of the major classes of signaling mediators involved in the differentiation and functions of TFH cells. TRAF molecules are the canonical adaptor molecules that physically interact with members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF) and actively modulate their downstream signaling cascades through their adaptor function and/or E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. OX-40, GITR, and 4-1BB are the TRAF-dependent TNFRSF members that have been implicated in the differentiation and functions of TFH cells. On the other hand, emerging data demonstrate that TRAF proteins also participate in signaling from the TCR and CD28, which deliver critical signals leading to the differentiation of TFH cells. More intriguingly, we recently showed that the cytoplasmic tail of ICOS contains a conserved TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-binding motif that is shared with TBK1-binding TRAF proteins. The presence of this TRAF-mimicking signaling module downstream of ICOS is required to mediate the maturation step during TFH differentiation. In addition, JAK-STAT pathways emanating from IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, and IL-27 cytokine receptors affect TFH development, and crosstalk between TRAF-mediated pathways and the JAK-STAT pathways can contribute to generate integrated signals required to drive and sustain TFH differentiation. In this review, we will introduce the molecular interactions and the major signaling pathways controlling the differentiation of TFH cells. In each case, we will highlight the contributions of TRAF proteins to these signaling pathways. Finally, we will discuss the role of individual TRAF proteins in the regulation of T cell-dependent humoral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Pedros
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Amnon Altman
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Kok-Fai Kong
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
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35
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Paul A, Edwards J, Pepper C, Mackay S. Inhibitory-κB Kinase (IKK) α and Nuclear Factor-κB (NFκB)-Inducing Kinase (NIK) as Anti-Cancer Drug Targets. Cells 2018; 7:E176. [PMID: 30347849 PMCID: PMC6210445 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular kinases inhibitory-κB kinase (IKK) α and Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB)-inducing kinase (NIK) are well recognised as key central regulators and drivers of the non-canonical NF-κB cascade and as such dictate the initiation and development of defined transcriptional responses associated with the liberation of p52-RelB and p52-p52 NF-κB dimer complexes. Whilst these kinases and downstream NF-κB complexes transduce pro-inflammatory and growth stimulating signals that contribute to major cellular processes, they also play a key role in the pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory-based conditions and diverse cancer types, which for the latter may be a result of background mutational status. IKKα and NIK, therefore, represent attractive targets for pharmacological intervention. Here, specifically in the cancer setting, we reflect on the potential pathophysiological role(s) of each of these kinases, their associated downstream signalling outcomes and the stimulatory and mutational mechanisms leading to their increased activation. We also consider the downstream coordination of transcriptional events and phenotypic outcomes illustrative of key cancer 'Hallmarks' that are now increasingly perceived to be due to the coordinated recruitment of both NF-κB-dependent as well as NF-κB⁻independent signalling. Furthermore, as these kinases regulate the transition from hormone-dependent to hormone-independent growth in defined tumour subsets, potential tumour reactivation and major cytokine and chemokine species that may have significant bearing upon tumour-stromal communication and tumour microenvironment it reiterates their potential to be drug targets. Therefore, with the emergence of small molecule kinase inhibitors targeting each of these kinases, we consider medicinal chemistry efforts to date and those evolving that may contribute to the development of viable pharmacological intervention strategies to target a variety of tumour types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Paul
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK.
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Christopher Pepper
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK.
| | - Simon Mackay
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK.
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Hu W, Wu W, Sun S, Liu Z, Li A, Gao L, Liu X, Liu D, Deng H, Zhao B, Liu B, Pang Q. Identification and characterization of a TNF receptor-associated factor in Dugesia japonica. Gene 2018; 681:52-61. [PMID: 30267808 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily consists of a wide variety of inflammatory cytokine, including cell-bound and secreted proteins. These TNFs function through binding and activation of the TNF receptors for modulating TNF-associated intracellular signals. A set of mammalian TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) that have emerged as the major signal transducers for the TNF receptor superfamily, play an important role in both adaptive and innate immunity. However, the existence of TRAFs and their biological functions in planarian are still unknown. In this study, a new member of TRAFs, DjTRAF2, was identified in planarian Dugesia japonica. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that DjTRAF2 could be a new member of the invertebrate TRAF2 family. Sequence analysis showed that the open reading frame of DjTRAF2 had 1353 bp in length and encoded a putative protein of 450 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of ~51.8 kDa and an isoelectric point of 7.052. Whole-mount in situ hybridization showed that DjTRAF2 was predominantly expressed in adult and regenerative pharynx, which is an important immune organ of planarian. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the transcriptional level of DjTRAF2 was significantly up-regulated after induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and β-glucan), suggesting that DjTRAF2 is involved in the immune response against pathogen invasion. Collectively, these results demonstrated that DjTRAF2 might play important roles in the innate immunity of planarian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hu
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Shimin Sun
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- Shenzhen University of Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Ao Li
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Lili Gao
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Dongwu Liu
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Hongkuan Deng
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China
| | - Bosheng Zhao
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Shenzhen University of Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Laboratory of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China; Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China.
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Bishop GA, Stunz LL, Hostager BS. TRAF3 as a Multifaceted Regulator of B Lymphocyte Survival and Activation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2161. [PMID: 30319624 PMCID: PMC6165887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptor protein TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) serves as a powerful negative regulator in multiple aspects of B cell biology. Early in vitro studies in transformed cell lines suggested the potential of TRAF3 to inhibit signaling by its first identified binding receptor, CD40. However, because the canonical TRAF3 binding site on many receptors also mediates binding of other TRAFs, and whole-mouse TRAF3 deficiency is neonatally lethal, an accurate understanding of TRAF3's specific functions was delayed until conditional TRAF3-deficient mice were produced. Studies of B cell-specific TRAF3-deficient mice, complemented by investigations in normal and malignant mouse and human B cells, reveal that TRAF3 has powerful regulatory roles that are unique to this TRAF, as well as functions context-specific to the B cell. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of these roles and functions. These include inhibition of signaling by plasma membrane receptors, negative regulation of intracellular receptors, and restraint of cytoplasmic NF- κB pathways. TRAF3 is also now known to function as a resident nuclear protein, and to impact B cell metabolism. Through these and additional mechanisms TRAF3 exerts powerful restraint upon B cell survival and activation. It is thus perhaps not surprising that TRAF3 has been revealed as an important tumor suppressor in B cells. The many and varied functions of TRAF3 in B cells, and new directions to pursue in future studies, are summarized and discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A. Bishop
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Laura L. Stunz
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Bruce S. Hostager
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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38
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Ajina A, Maher J. Strategies to Address Chimeric Antigen Receptor Tonic Signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1795-1815. [PMID: 30181329 PMCID: PMC6130819 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer using chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has emerged as one of the most promising new therapeutic modalities for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies. Thus far, results in patients with advanced solid tumors have proven disappointing. Constitutive tonic signaling in the absence of ligand is an increasingly recognized complication when deploying these synthetic fusion receptors and can be a cause of poor antitumor efficacy, impaired survival, and reduced persistence in vivo In parallel, ligand-dependent tonic signaling can mediate toxicity and promote T-cell anergy, exhaustion, and activation-induced cell death. Here, we review the mechanisms underpinning CAR tonic signaling and highlight the wide variety of effects that can emerge after making subtle structural changes or altering the methodology of CAR transduction. We highlight strategies to prevent unconstrained tonic signaling and address its deleterious consequences. We also frame this phenomenon in the context of endogenous TCR tonic signaling, which has been shown to regulate peripheral tolerance, facilitate the targeting of foreign antigens, and suggest opportunities to coopt ligand-dependent CAR tonic signaling to facilitate in vivo persistence and efficacy. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(9); 1795-815. ©2018 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/therapy
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ajina
- CAR Mechanics Group, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Studies, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Maher
- CAR Mechanics Group, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Studies, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Immunology, Eastbourne Hospital, East Sussex, United Kingdom
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Sabharwal SS, Rosen DB, Grein J, Tedesco D, Joyce-Shaikh B, Ueda R, Semana M, Bauer M, Bang K, Stevenson C, Cua DJ, Zúñiga LA. GITR Agonism Enhances Cellular Metabolism to Support CD8+ T-cell Proliferation and Effector Cytokine Production in a Mouse Tumor Model. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:1199-1211. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Buchan SL, Rogel A, Al-Shamkhani A. The immunobiology of CD27 and OX40 and their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. Blood 2018; 131:39-48. [PMID: 29118006 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-07-741025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) able to reinvigorate antitumor T-cell immunity have heralded a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. The most high profile of these mAbs block the inhibitory checkpoint receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4 and have improved life expectancy for patients across a range of tumor types. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that failure of some patients to respond to checkpoint inhibition is attributable to inadequate T-cell priming. For full T-cell activation, 2 signals must be received, and ligands providing the second of these signals, termed costimulation, are often lacking in tumors. Members of the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) are key costimulators of T cells during infection, and there has been an increasing interest in harnessing these receptors to augment tumor immunity. We here review the immunobiology of 2 particularly promising TNFRSF target receptors, CD27 and OX40, and their respective ligands, CD70 and OX40L, focusing on their role within a tumor setting. We describe the influence of CD27 and OX40 on human T cells based on in vitro studies and on the phenotypes of several recently described individuals exhibiting natural deficiencies in CD27/CD70 and OX40. Finally, we review key literature describing progress in elucidating the efficacy and mode of action of OX40- and CD27-targeting mAbs in preclinical models and provide an overview of current clinical trials targeting these promising receptor/ligand pairings in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Buchan
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Rogel
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aymen Al-Shamkhani
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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41
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Lee NK. RANK Signaling Pathways and Key Molecules Inducing Osteoclast Differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.15616/bsl.2017.23.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Kyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Korea
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42
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Qu F, Xiang Z, Zhou Y, Qin Y. A molluscan TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) was involved in host defense against immune challenges. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:105-115. [PMID: 28986217 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) is a member of the TRAF superfamily that acted as a key signal transduction protein and has been implicated in inflammatory and apoptosis processes in mammals. However, identification of TRAF2s in invertebrates is very limited and its function, in particular that under immune challenges, is still unknown. In this report, a molluscan TRAF2 gene (referred to as AwTRAF2) was cloned and characterized from the freshwater bivalve, Anodonta woodiana. The open reading frame (ORF) of AwTRAF2 was 1683 bp in length, which encoded a putative 560 amino acid-protein. The deduced AwTRAF2 sequence shared similar structural characteristics and close evolutionary relationship with mollusk TRAF2s. The tissue-specific expression analysis revealed that AwTRAF2 mRNA was broadly expressed in all tested tissues, with high expression in gill and hepatopancreas. In addition, in vivo injection experiments directly showed that AwTRAF2 mRNA levels in hepatopancreas were significantly up-regulated in response to bacterial pathogen (Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus) and PAMPs (Lipopolysaccharides and Peptidoglycan) challenges. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy observations revealed that AwTRAF2 was mainly located in cytoplasm of HEK293T cells and its overexpression significantly increased the transcriptional activities of the NF-κB-Luc reporter gene in HEK293T cells. Taken together, this study provided the experimental evidence of the presence of a functional TRAF2 in freshwater bivalves, which revealed its involvement in host response to immune challenges in A. woodiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fufa Qu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yingli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yanping Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510275, China
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43
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Mohr A, Deedigan L, Jencz S, Mehrabadi Y, Houlden L, Albarenque SM, Zwacka RM. Caspase-10: a molecular switch from cell-autonomous apoptosis to communal cell death in response to chemotherapeutic drug treatment. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:340-352. [PMID: 29099485 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of how chemotherapeutic drugs lead to cell cycle checkpoint regulation and DNA damage repair are well understood, but how such signals are transmitted to the cellular apoptosis machinery is less clear. We identified a novel apoptosis-inducing complex, we termed FADDosome, which is driven by ATR-dependent caspase-10 upregulation. During FADDosome-induced apoptosis, cFLIPL is ubiquitinated by TRAF2, leading to its degradation and subsequent FADD-dependent caspase-8 activation. Cancer cells lacking caspase-10, TRAF2 or ATR switch from this cell-autonomous suicide to a more effective, autocrine/paracrine mode of apoptosis initiated by a different complex, the FLIPosome. It leads to processing of cFLIPL to cFLIPp43, TNF-α production and consequently, contrary to the FADDosome, p53-independent apoptosis. Thus, targeting the molecular levers that switch between these mechanisms can increase efficacy of treatment and overcome resistance in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mohr
- School of Biological Sciences, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Laura Deedigan
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sylwia Jencz
- School of Biological Sciences, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Yasamin Mehrabadi
- School of Biological Sciences, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Lily Houlden
- School of Biological Sciences, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.,School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Stella-Maris Albarenque
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ralf M Zwacka
- School of Biological Sciences, Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Group, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
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44
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Alharshawi K, Marinelarena A, Kumar P, El-Sayed O, Bhattacharya P, Sun Z, Epstein AL, Maker AV, Prabhakar BS. PKC-ѳ is dispensable for OX40L-induced TCR-independent Treg proliferation but contributes by enabling IL-2 production from effector T-cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6594. [PMID: 28747670 PMCID: PMC5529425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that OX40L/OX40 interaction is critical for TCR-independent selective proliferation of Foxp3+ Tregs, but not Foxp3- effector T-cells (Teff), when CD4+ T-cells are co-cultured with GM-CSF derived bone marrow dendritic cells (G-BMDCs). Events downstream of OX40L/OX40 interaction in Tregs responsible for this novel mechanism are not understood. Earlier, OX40L/OX40 interaction has been shown to stimulate CD4+ T-cells through the formation of a signalosome involving TRAF2/PKC-Ѳ leading to NF-kB activation. In this study, using CD4+ T-cells from WT and OX40-/- mice we first established that OX40 mediated activation of NF-kB was critical for this Treg proliferation. Although CD4+ T-cells from PKC-Ѳ-/- mice were also defective in G-BMDC induced Treg proliferation ex vivo, this defect could be readily corrected by adding exogenous IL-2 to the co-cultures. Furthermore, by treating WT, OX40-/-, and PKC-Ѳ-/- mice with soluble OX40L we established that OX40L/OX40 interaction was required and sufficient to induce Treg proliferation in vivo independent of PKC-Ѳ status. Although PKC-Ѳ is dispensable for TCR-independent Treg proliferation per se, it is essential for optimum IL-2 production by Teff cells. Finally, our findings suggest that OX40L binding to OX40 likely results in recruitment of TRAF1 for downstream signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Alharshawi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alejandra Marinelarena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Prabhakaran Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Osama El-Sayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Palash Bhattacharya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zuoming Sun
- Department of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Alan L Epstein
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ajay V Maker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bellur S Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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45
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Qi X, Qin L, Du R, Chen Y, Lei M, Deng M, Wang J. Lipopolysaccharide Upregulated Intestinal Epithelial Cell Expression of Fn14 and Activation of Fn14 Signaling Amplify Intestinal TLR4-Mediated Inflammation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:315. [PMID: 28744451 PMCID: PMC5504244 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR4 in intestinal epithelial cells has been shown both inflammatory and homeostatic roles following binding of its cognate ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TWEAK-Fn14 axis plays an important role in pathologies caused by excessive or abnormal inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate potential cross-talk between TLR4 and TWEAK/Fn14 system in porcine small intestinal epithelial cells. Our in vivo results showed that, compared with the age-matched normal control piglets, increased expression of Fn14 in epithelium and decreased TWEAK expression in lamina propria were detected in the small intestinal of piglets stimulated with LPS. Consistent with this finding, treatment with LPS increased the expression of Fn14 and TLR4 while decreased TWEAK expression in porcine small intestinal epithelial cell lines SIEC02. Interestingly, modulating Fn14 activation using agonistic anti-Fn14 decreased TLR4-mediated TNF-α production by SIEC02. In addition, pretreatment of LPS-stimulated SIEC02 with recombinant TWEAK protein suppresses the expression of Fn14 and TNF-α and inhibits the negative impact of LPS on the tight junctional protein occludin expression. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the TWEAK-independent Fn14 activation augments TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses in the intestine of piglets. Furthermore, the TWEAK-dependent suppression of Fn14 signaling may play a role in intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Lijuan Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Ruijing Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Yungang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Mingzhu Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Meiyu Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
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46
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Zhou Z, Zeng C, Nie L, Huang S, Guo C, Xiao D, Han Y, Ye X, Ou M, Huang C, Ye X, Wen Z, Yang G, Jing C. The effects of TLR3, TRIF and TRAF3 SNPs and interactions with environmental factors on type 2 diabetes mellitus and vascular complications in a Han Chinese population. Gene 2017; 626:41-47. [PMID: 28479387 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is involved in type I interferon-β (IFN-β) via TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) and Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), culminating in inflammation and immunity reactions. TLR3 is implicated in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Eight SNPs of these genes were detected in 552 T2DM patients and 552 matched healthy control subjects. Gene-gene and gene-environment interactions and haplotype associations were also evaluated. We identified a 21% increased risk of T2DM for the T allele of rs12435483 in the TRAF3 gene (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01-1.44; P=0.036). The GA genotype and GA+AA genotype of TRAF3 rs12147254 were found to increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among T2DM patients (GA vs. GG: OR=4.17, 95% CI: 1.04-16.79, P=0.045; GA+AA vs. GG: OR=3.97, 95% CI: 1.02-15.48, P=0.047). However, the GACGAC haplotype in TRAF3 had a protective effect on T2DM micro-macrovascular complications (OR=0.33, 95% CI: 0.13-0.85, P=0.017). Two-factor (TRAF3 rs12435483 and LDL) and three-factor (TRAF3 rs12435483, BMI and HDL) interactions of the risk of T2DM were identified. In conclusion, the genetic variants in the TLR3-TRIF-TRAF3-INF-β signaling pathway and interactions with some particular environmental factors (LDL, BMI and HDL) may contribute to susceptibility to T2DM and vascular complications in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixing Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengli Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Nie
- Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Han
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Ou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuican Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingguang Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chunxia Jing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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47
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Tepaamorndech S, Oort P, Kirschke CP, Cai Y, Huang L. ZNT7 binds to CD40 and influences CD154-triggered p38 MAPK activity in B lymphocytes-a possible regulatory mechanism for zinc in immune function. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:675-690. [PMID: 28469980 PMCID: PMC5407898 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency impairs the immune system leading to frequent infections. Although zinc is known to play critical roles in maintaining healthy immune function, the underlying molecular targets are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that zinc is important for the CD154–CD40‐mediated activation of downstream signaling pathways in human B lymphocytes. CD40 is a receptor localized on the cell surface of many immune cells, including B lymphocytes. It binds to CD154, a membrane protein expressed on antigen‐activated T helper (Th) lymphocytes. This CD154‐CD40 interaction leads to B‐cell activation. We showed that cellular zinc deficiency impaired the CD154‐CD40‐mediated p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) phosphorylation. We also showed that zinc supplemental treatment of B lymphocytes had limited effect on this CD40‐mediated p38 MAPK signaling. Most importantly, we demonstrated that the zinc transporter protein zinc transporter 7 (ZNT7) interacted with CD40 using immunoprecipitation analyses. ZNT7 knockdown in B lymphocytes had a negative effect on the cell surface expression of CD40. Consequently, the CD40‐mediated p38 MAPK signaling transduction was down‐regulated in ZNT7KD B lymphocytes. Conversely, this p38 MAPK signaling activity was up‐regulated by overexpression (OE) of ZNT7 in B lymphocytes. Moreover, we found that ZNT7 knockdown in B lymphocytes constitutively up‐ and down‐regulated the inhibitor of i kappa B kinase and AKT serine/threonine kinase phosphorylation, respectively, which implies the activation of survival signaling in ZNT7KD B cells. We conclude that CD40 is the target molecule for ZNT7 in regulation of immune function of B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surapun Tepaamorndech
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics Graduate Group University of California Davis CA USA.,Food Biotechnology Research Unit National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Pieter Oort
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center Davis CA USA.,Present address: Astrona Biotechnologies HM Clause Innovation Center 28605 County Road 104 Davis CA 95618 USA
| | - Catherine P Kirschke
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center Davis CA USA
| | - Yimeng Cai
- Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology University of California Davis CA USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics Graduate Group University of California Davis CA USA.,Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center Davis CA USA.,Graduate Group of Nutritional Biology University of California Davis CA USA
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48
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Waight JD, Gombos RB, Wilson NS. Harnessing co-stimulatory TNF receptors for cancer immunotherapy: Current approaches and future opportunities. Hum Antibodies 2017; 25:87-109. [PMID: 28085016 DOI: 10.3233/hab-160308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Co-stimulatory tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFRs) can sculpt the responsiveness of T cells recognizing tumor-associated antigens. For this reason, agonist antibodies targeting CD137, CD357, CD134 and CD27 have received considerable attention for their therapeutic utility in enhancing anti-tumor immune responses, particularly in combination with other immuno-modulatory antibodies targeting co-inhibitory pathways in T cells. The design of therapeutic antibodies that optimally engage and activate co-stimulatory TNFRs presents an important challenge of how to promote effective anti-tumor immunity while avoiding serious immune-related adverse events. Here we review our current understanding of the expression, signaling and structural features of CD137, CD357, CD134 and CD27, and how this may inform the design of pharmacologically active immuno-modulatory antibodies targeting these receptors. This includes the integration of our emerging knowledge of the role of Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) in facilitating antibody-mediated receptor clustering and forward signaling, as well as promoting immune effector cell-mediated activities. Finally, we bring our current preclinical and clinical knowledge of co-stimulatory TNFR antibodies into the context of opportunities for next generation molecules with improved pharmacologic properties.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptors, IgG/agonists
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/agonists
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
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49
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Srivastava S, Tsongalis GJ, Kaur P. Role of microRNAs in regulation of the TNF/TNFR gene superfamily in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:1307-1310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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50
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Bishop GA. TRAF3 as a powerful and multitalented regulator of lymphocyte functions. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:919-926. [PMID: 27154354 PMCID: PMC6608063 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2mr0216-063r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the roles of the signaling adapter protein tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3 in regulating the functions of B and T lymphocytes. In B lymphocytes, TNFR-associated factor 3 inhibits signaling by TNFR superfamily receptors, Toll-like receptors, and interleukin-6R. In contrast, signaling to B cells by the virally encoded oncogenic protein latent membrane protein 1 is promoted by TNFR-associated factor 3. An important B cell-specific role for TNFR-associated factor 3 is the inhibition of homeostatic survival, directly relevant to the common occurrence of TNFR-associated factor 3 mutations in human B cell malignancies. TNFR-associated factor 3 was recently found to be a resident nuclear protein in B cells, where it interacts with and inhibits gene expression mediated by the cAMP response element-binding protein transcription complex, including expression of the prosurvival protein myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein 1. In T lymphocytes, TNFR-associated factor 3 is required for normal signaling by the T cell antigen receptor, while inhibiting signaling by the interleukin-2 receptor. Cytoplasmic TNFR -associated factor 3 restrains nuclear factor-κB2 activation in both T and B cells. Clinical implications and future directions for the study of this context-dependent signaling regulator are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A Bishop
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; and
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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