1
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Narasipura EA, Fenton OS. Advances in non-viral mRNA delivery to the spleen. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3027-3044. [PMID: 38712531 PMCID: PMC11175841 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00038b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Developing safe and effective delivery strategies for localizing messenger RNA (mRNA) payloads to the spleen is an important goal in the field of genetic medicine. Accomplishing this goal is challenging due to the instability, size, and charge of mRNA payloads. Here, we provide an analysis of non-viral delivery technologies that have been developed to deliver mRNA payloads to the spleen. Specifically, our review begins by outlining the unique anatomy and potential targets for mRNA delivery within the spleen. Next, we describe approaches in mRNA sequence engineering that can be used to improve mRNA delivery to the spleen. Then, we describe advances in non-viral carrier systems that can package and deliver mRNA payloads to the spleen, highlighting key advances in the literature in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) and polymer nanoparticle (PNP) technology platforms. Finally, we provide commentary and outlook on how splenic mRNA delivery may afford next-generation treatments for autoimmune disorders and cancers. In undertaking this approach, our goal with this review is to both establish a fundamental understanding of drug delivery challenges associated with localizing mRNA payloads to the spleen, while also broadly highlighting the potential to use these genetic medicines to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshan A Narasipura
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Owen S Fenton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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2
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Turuvekere Vittala Murthy N, Vlasova K, Renner J, Jozic A, Sahay G. A new era of targeting cystic fibrosis with non-viral delivery of genomic medicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115305. [PMID: 38626860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex genetic respiratory disorder that necessitates innovative gene delivery strategies to address the mutations in the gene. This review delves into the promises and challenges of non-viral gene delivery for CF therapy and explores strategies to overcome these hurdles. Several emerging technologies and nucleic acid cargos for CF gene therapy are discussed. Novel formulation approaches including lipid and polymeric nanoparticles promise enhanced delivery through the CF mucus barrier, augmenting the potential of non-viral strategies. Additionally, safety considerations and regulatory perspectives play a crucial role in navigating the path toward clinical translation of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kseniia Vlasova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jonas Renner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Antony Jozic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robertson Life Sciences Building, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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3
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Shivshankar S, Nimely J, Puhl H, Iyer MR. Pharmacological Evaluation of Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators Using GRAB eCB2.0 Sensor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5012. [PMID: 38732230 PMCID: PMC11084632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors CB1R and CB2R are G-protein coupled receptors acted upon by endocannabinoids (eCBs), namely 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA), with unique pharmacology and modulate disparate physiological processes. A genetically encoded GPCR activation-based sensor that was developed recently-GRABeCB2.0-has been shown to be capable of monitoring real-time changes in eCB levels in cultured cells and preclinical models. However, its responsiveness to exogenous synthetic cannabinoid agents, particularly antagonists and allosteric modulators, has not been extensively characterized. This current study expands upon the pharmacological characteristics of GRABeCB2.0 to enhance the understanding of fluorescent signal alterations in response to various functionally indiscriminate cannabinoid ligands. The results from this study could enhance the utility of the GRABeCB2.0 sensor for in vitro as well as in vivo studies of cannabinoid action and may aid in the development of novel ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samay Shivshankar
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Josephine Nimely
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Henry Puhl
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Quantum Biology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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4
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Shen G, Liu J, Yang H, Xie N, Yang Y. mRNA therapies: Pioneering a new era in rare genetic disease treatment. J Control Release 2024; 369:696-721. [PMID: 38580137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Rare genetic diseases, often referred to as orphan diseases due to their low prevalence and limited treatment options, have long posed significant challenges to our medical system. In recent years, Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy has emerged as a highly promising treatment approach for various diseases caused by genetic mutations. Chemically modified mRNA is introduced into cells using carriers like lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs), producing functional proteins that compensate for genetic deficiencies. Given the advantages of precise dosing, biocompatibility, transient expression, and minimal risk of genomic integration, mRNA therapies can safely and effectively correct genetic defects in rare diseases and improve symptoms. Currently, dozens of mRNA drugs targeting rare diseases are undergoing clinical trials. This comprehensive review summarizes the progress of mRNA therapy in treating rare genetic diseases. It introduces the development, molecular design, and delivery systems of mRNA therapy, highlighting their research progress in rare genetic diseases based on protein replacement and gene editing. The review also summarizes research progress in various rare disease models and clinical trials. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and future prospects of mRNA therapy. Researchers are encouraged to join this field and collaborate to advance the clinical translation of mRNA therapy, bringing hope to patients with rare genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobo Shen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hanmei Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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5
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Ko T, Fumoto S, Kurosaki T, Nakashima M, Miyamoto H, Sasaki H, Nishida K. Interaction of γ-Polyglutamic Acid/Polyethyleneimine/Plasmid DNA Ternary Complexes with Serum Components Plays a Crucial Role in Transfection in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:522. [PMID: 38675183 PMCID: PMC11053868 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Typical examples of non-viral vectors are binary complexes of plasmid DNA with cationic polymers such as polyethyleneimine (PEI). However, problems such as cytotoxicity and hemagglutination, owing to their positively charged surfaces, hinder their in vivo use. Coating binary complexes with anionic polymers, such as γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), can prevent cytotoxicity and hemagglutination. However, the role of interactions between these complexes and serum components in in vivo gene transfer remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the contribution of serum components to in vivo gene transfer using PEI/plasmid DNA binary complexes and γ-PGA/PEI/plasmid DNA ternary complexes. In binary complexes, heat-labile components in the serum greatly contribute to the hepatic and splenic gene expression of the luciferase gene. In contrast, serum albumin and salts affected the hepatic and splenic gene expression in the ternary complexes. Changes in physicochemical characteristics, such as increased particle size and decreased absolute values of ζ-potential, might be involved in the enhanced gene expression. These findings would contribute to a better understanding of in vivo non-viral gene transfer using polymers, such as PEI and γ-PGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ko
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fumoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kurosaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Moe Nakashima
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Koyo Nishida
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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6
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Gupta R, Gupta J, Roy S. Exosomes: Key Players for Treatment of Cancer and Their Future Perspectives. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:118-147. [PMID: 38407852 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Suchismita Roy
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
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7
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Fu Q, Lee YS, Green EA, Wang Y, Park SY, Polanco A, Lee KH, Betenbaugh M, McNally D, Yoon S. Design space determination to optimize DNA complexation and full capsid formation in transient rAAV manufacturing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3148-3162. [PMID: 37475681 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are a promising platform for in vivo gene therapies. However, cost-effective, well-characterized processes necessary to manufacture rAAV therapeutics are challenging to develop without an understanding of how process parameters (PPs) affect rAAV product quality attributes (PQAs). In this work, a central composite orthogonal experimental design was employed to examine the influence of four PPs for transient transfection complex formation (polyethylenimine:DNA [PEI:DNA] ratio, total DNA/cell, cocktail volume, and incubation time) on three rAAV PQAs related to capsid content (vector genome titer, vector genome:capsid particle ratio, and two-dimensional vector genome titer ratio). A regression model was established for each PQA using partial least squares, and a design space (DS) was defined in which Monte Carlo simulations predicted < 1% probability of failure (POF) to meet predetermined PQA specifications. Of the three PQAs, viral genome titer was most strongly correlated with changes in complexation PPs. The DS and acceptable PP ranges were largest when incubation time and cocktail volume were kept at mid-high setpoints, and PEI:DNA ratio and total DNA/cell were at low-mid setpoints. Verification experiments confirmed model predictive capability, and this work establishes a framework for studying other rAAV PPs and their relationship to PQAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yong Suk Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erica A Green
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Yongdan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashli Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelvin H Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Michael Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David McNally
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Fu L, Zhang Y, Farokhzad RA, Mendes BB, Conde J, Shi J. 'Passive' nanoparticles for organ-selective systemic delivery: design, mechanism and perspective. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7579-7601. [PMID: 37817741 PMCID: PMC10623545 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00998f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has shown tremendous success in the drug delivery field for more effective and safer therapy, and has recently enabled the clinical approval of RNA medicine, a new class of therapeutics. Various nanoparticle strategies have been developed to improve the systemic delivery of therapeutics, among which surface modification of targeting ligands on nanoparticles has been widely explored for 'active' delivery to a specific organ or diseased tissue. Meanwhile, compelling evidence has recently been reported that organ-selective targeting may also be achievable by systemic administration of nanoparticles without surface ligand modification. In this Review, we highlight this unique set of 'passive' nanoparticles and their compositions and mechanisms for organ-selective delivery. In particular, the lipid-based, polymer-based, and biomimetic nanoparticles with tropism to different specific organs after intravenous administration are summarized. The underlying mechanisms (e.g., protein corona and size effect) of these nanosystems for organ selectivity are also extensively discussed. We further provide perspectives on the opportunities and challenges in this exciting area of organ-selective systemic nanoparticle delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Fu
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ryan A Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Bárbara B Mendes
- ToxOmics, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Conde
- ToxOmics, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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9
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Berardinelli SJ, Sillato AR, Grady RC, Neupane S, Ito A, Haltiwanger RS, Holdener BC. O-fucosylation of thrombospondin type I repeats is dispensable for trafficking thrombospondin 1 to platelet secretory granules. Glycobiology 2023; 33:301-310. [PMID: 36721988 PMCID: PMC10191222 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) is a secreted extracellular matrix glycoprotein that regulates a variety of cellular and physiological processes. THBS1's diverse functions are attributed to interactions between the modular domains of THBS1 with an array of proteins found in the extracellular matrix. THBS1's three Thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs) are modified with O-linked glucose-fucose disaccharide and C-mannose. It is unknown whether these modifications impact trafficking and/or function of THBS1 in vivo. The O-fucose is added by Protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2) and is sequentially extended to the disaccharide by β3glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT). The C-mannose is added by one or more of four C-mannosyltransferases. O-fucosylation by POFUT2/B3GLCT in the endoplasmic reticulum has been proposed to play a role in quality control by locking TSR domains into their three-dimensional fold, allowing for proper secretion of many O-fucosylated substrates. Prior studies showed the siRNA knockdown of POFUT2 in HEK293T cells blocked secretion of TSRs 1-3 from THBS1. Here we demonstrated that secretion of THBS1 TSRs 1-3 was not reduced by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of POFUT2 in HEK293T cells and demonstrated that knockout of Pofut2 or B3glct in mice did not reduce the trafficking of endogenous THBS1 to secretory granules of platelets, a major source of THBS1. Additionally, we demonstrated that all three TSRs from platelet THBS1 were highly C-mannosylated, which has been shown to stabilize TSRs in vitro. Combined, these results suggested that POFUT2 substrates with TSRs that are also modified by C-mannose may be less susceptible to trafficking defects resulting from the loss of the glucose-fucose disaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Berardinelli
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Andrew R Sillato
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Richard C Grady
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Sanjiv Neupane
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Atsuko Ito
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Bernadette C Holdener
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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10
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Vergaelen M, Monnery BD, Jerca VV, Hoogenboom R. Detailed Understanding of Solvent Effects for the Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of 2-Ethyl-2-oxazoline. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Vergaelen
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bryn D. Monnery
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Targeted Drug Delivery with Nanomedicine Group, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Valentin Victor Jerca
- Smart Organic Materials Group, “Costin D. Nenitzescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, 202B Spl. Independentei CP 35-108, Bucharest 060023, Romania
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Yang W, Mixich L, Boonstra E, Cabral H. Polymer-Based mRNA Delivery Strategies for Advanced Therapies. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2202688. [PMID: 36785927 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapies offer great promise for the treatment of a variety of diseases. In 2020, two FDA approvals of mRNA-based vaccines have elevated mRNA vaccines to global recognition. However, the therapeutic capabilities of mRNA extend far beyond vaccines against infectious diseases. They hold potential for cancer vaccines, protein replacement therapies, gene editing therapies, and immunotherapies. For realizing such advanced therapies, it is crucial to develop effective carrier systems. Recent advances in materials science have led to the development of promising nonviral mRNA delivery systems. In comparison to other carriers like lipid nanoparticles, polymer-based delivery systems often receive less attention, despite their unique ability to carefully tune their chemical features to promote mRNA protection, their favorable pharmacokinetics, and their potential for targeting delivery. In this review, the central features of polymer-based systems for mRNA delivery highlighting the molecular design criteria, stability, and biodistribution are discussed. Finally, the role of targeting ligands for the future of RNA therapies is analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Lucas Mixich
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Eger Boonstra
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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12
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Recent approaches to mRNA vaccine delivery by lipid-based vectors prepared by continuous-flow microfluidic devices. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1561-1581. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in nanotechnology have resulted in the introduction of several nonviral delivery vectors for the nontoxic, efficient delivery of encapsulated mRNA-based vaccines. Lipid- and polymer-based nanoparticles (NP) have proven to be the most potent delivery systems, providing increased delivery efficiency and protection of mRNA molecules from degradation. Here, the authors provide an overview of the recent studies carried out using lipid NPs and their functionalized forms, polymeric and lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers utilized mainly for the encapsulation of mRNAs for gene and immune therapeutic applications. A microfluidic system as a prevalent methodology for the preparation of NPs with continuous flow enables NP size tuning, rapid mixing and production reproducibility. Continuous-flow microfluidic devices for lipid and polymeric encapsulated RNA NP production are specifically reviewed.
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13
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Yang X, Wei Y, Zheng L, You J, Li H, Gao L, Gong C, Yi C. Polyethyleneimine-based immunoadjuvants for designing cancer vaccines. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8166-8180. [PMID: 36217765 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01358d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive efforts to improve the effectiveness of cancer vaccines, the lack of immunogenicity remains an issue. Adjuvants are required to enhance the immunogenicity of antigens and activate the immune response. However, only a few adjuvants with acceptable toxicity have sufficient potency for use in cancer vaccines, necessitating the discovery of potent adjuvants. The most well-known cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) acts as a carrier for delivering antigens, and as an immunoadjuvant for enhancing the innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we have summarized PEI-based adjuvants and discussed how to improve and boost the immune response to vaccines. We further focused on PEI-based adjuvants in cancer vaccines. Finally, we have proposed the potential challenges and future issues of PEI-based adjuvants to elicit the effectiveness of cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Division of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- Division of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lingnan Zheng
- Division of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jia You
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Health Ward, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- Division of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cheng Yi
- Division of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Amiri A, Bagherifar R, Ansari Dezfouli E, Kiaie SH, Jafari R, Ramezani R. Exosomes as bio-inspired nanocarriers for RNA delivery: preparation and applications. J Transl Med 2022; 20:125. [PMID: 35287692 PMCID: PMC8919142 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers as drug/biomolecule delivery systems have been significantly developed during recent decades. Given the stability, reasonable delivery efficiency, and safety of nanocarriers, there are several barriers in the fulfillment of successful clinical application of these delivery systems. These challenges encouraged drug delivery researchers to establish innovative nanocarriers with longer circulation time, high stability, and high compatibility. Exosomes are extracellular nanometer-sized vesicles released through various cells. These vesicles serve as nanocarriers, possessing great potential to overcome some obstacles encountered in gene and drug delivery due to their natural affinity to recipient cells and the inherent capability to shuttle the genes, lipids, proteins, and RNAs between cells. So far, there has been a lot of valuable research on drug delivery by exosomes, but research on RNA delivery, especially mRNA, is very limited. Since mRNA-based vaccines and therapies have recently gained particular prominence in various diseases, it is essential to find a suitable delivery system due to the large size and destructive nature of these nucleic acids. That's why we're going to take a look at the unique features of exosomes and their isolation and loading methods, to embrace this idea that exosome-mediated mRNA-based therapies would be introduced as a very efficient strategy in disease treatment within the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala Amiri
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rafieh Bagherifar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ansari Dezfouli
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Seyed Hossein Kiaie
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Shafa St, Ershad Blvd., P.O. Box: 1138, 57147, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Reihaneh Ramezani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Women Research Center, Alzahra University, 1993893973, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Yeh CF, Cheng SH, Lin YS, Shentu TP, Huang RT, Zhu J, Chen YT, Kumar S, Lin MS, Kao HL, Huang PH, Roselló-Sastre E, Garcia F, Jo H, Fang Y, Yang KC. Targeting mechanosensitive endothelial TXNDC5 to stabilize eNOS and reduce atherosclerosis in vivo. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl8096. [PMID: 35061532 PMCID: PMC8782452 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Although atherosclerosis preferentially develops at arterial curvatures and bifurcations where disturbed flow (DF) activates endothelium, therapies targeting flow-dependent mechanosensing pathways in the vasculature are unavailable. Here, we provided experimental evidence demonstrating a previously unidentified causal role of DF-induced endothelial TXNDC5 (thioredoxin domain containing 5) in atherosclerosis. TXNDC5 was increased in human and mouse atherosclerotic lesions and induced in endothelium subjected to DF. Endothelium-specific Txndc5 deletion markedly reduced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. Mechanistically, DF-induced TXNDC5 increases proteasome-mediated degradation of heat shock factor 1, leading to reduced heat shock protein 90 and accelerated eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) protein degradation. Moreover, nanoparticles formulated to deliver Txndc5-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 plasmids driven by an endothelium-specific promoter (CDH5) significantly increase eNOS protein and reduce atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. These results delineate a new molecular paradigm that DF-induced endothelial TXNDC5 promotes atherosclerosis and establish a proof of concept of targeting endothelial mechanosensitive pathways in vivo against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Fan Yeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division and College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shih-Hsin Cheng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Lin
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Shentu
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division and College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ru-Ting Huang
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division and College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division and College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mao-Shin Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Esther Roselló-Sastre
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | - Francisca Garcia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division and College, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kai-Chien Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Gupta S, Puttaiahgowda YM, Nagaraja A, Jalageri MD. Antimicrobial polymeric paints: An up‐to‐date review. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | | | - Akshatha Nagaraja
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
| | - Manohara Dhulappa Jalageri
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India
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17
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Monnery BD. Polycation-Mediated Transfection: Mechanisms of Internalization and Intracellular Trafficking. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4060-4083. [PMID: 34498457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyplex-mediated gene transfection is now in its' fourth decade of serious research, but the promise of polyplex-mediated gene therapy has yet to fully materialize. Only approximately one in a million applied plasmids actually expresses. A large part of this is due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of polyplex transfection. There is an assumption that internalization must follow a canonical mechanism of receptor mediated endocytosis. Herein, we present arguments that untargeted (and most targeted) polyplexes do not utilize these routes. By incorporating knowledge of syndecan-polyplex interactions, we can show that syndecans are the "target" for polyplexes. Further, it is known that free polycations (which disrupt cell-membranes by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipid esters) are necessary for (untargeted) endocytosis. This can be incorporated into the model to produce a novel mechanism of endocytosis, which fits the observed phenomenology. After membrane translocation, polyplex containing vesicles reach the endosome after diffusing through the actin mesh below the cell membrane. From there, they are acidified and trafficked toward the lysosome. Some polyplexes are capable of escaping the endosome and unpacking, while others are not. Herein, it is argued that for some polycations, as acidification proceeds the polyplexes excluding free polycations, which disrupt the endosomal membrane by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, allowing the polyplex to escape. The polyplex's internal charge ratio is now insufficient for stability and it releases plasmids which diffuse to the nucleus. A small proportion of these plasmids diffuse through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), with aggregation being the major cause of loss. Those plasmids that have diffused through the NPC will also aggregate, and this appears to be the reason such a small proportion of nuclear plasmids express mRNA. Thus, the structural features which promote unpacking in the endosome and allow for endosomal escape can be determined, and better polycations can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn D Monnery
- Department of Organic and (Bio)Polymer Chemistry, Hasselt University, Building F, Agoralaan 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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18
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Zhang A, Venkat A, Taujale R, Mull JL, Ito A, Kannan N, Haltiwanger RS. Peters plus syndrome mutations affect the function and stability of human β1,3-glucosyltransferase. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100843. [PMID: 34058199 PMCID: PMC8233153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Peters Plus Syndrome (PTRPLS OMIM #261540) is a severe congenital disorder of glycosylation where patients have multiple structural anomalies, including Peters anomaly of the eye (anterior segment dysgenesis), disproportionate short stature, brachydactyly, dysmorphic facial features, developmental delay, and variable additional abnormalities. PTRPLS patients and some Peters Plus-like (PTRPLS-like) patients (who only have a subset of PTRPLS phenotypes, have mutations in the gene encoding β1,3-glucosyltransferase [B3GLCT]). B3GLCT catalyzes the transfer of glucose to O-linked fucose on thrombospondin type-1 repeats. Most B3GLCT substrate proteins belong to the ADAMTS superfamily and play critical roles in extracellular matrix. We sought to determine whether the PTRPLS or PTRPLS-like mutations abrogated B3GLCT activity. B3GLCT has two putative active sites, one in the N-terminal region and the other in the C-terminal glycosyltransferase domain. Using sequence analysis and in vitro activity assays, we demonstrated that the C-terminal domain catalyzes transfer of glucose to O-linked fucose. We also generated a homology model of B3GLCT and identified D421 as the catalytic base. PTRPLS and PTRPLS-like mutations were individually introduced into B3GLCT, and the mutated enzymes were evaluated using in vitro enzyme assays and cell-based functional assays. Our results demonstrated that PTRPLS mutations caused loss of B3GLCT enzymatic activity and/or significantly reduced protein stability. In contrast, B3GLCT with PTRPLS-like mutations retained enzymatic activity, although some showed a minor destabilizing effect. Overall, our data supports the hypothesis that loss of glucose from B3GLCT substrate proteins is responsible for the defects observed in PTRPLS patients, but not for those observed in PTRPLS-like patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Aarya Venkat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Rahil Taujale
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - James L Mull
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Atsuko Ito
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
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19
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Tarabal VS, Silva FG, Sinisterra RD, Gonçalves D, Silva J, Granjeiro JM, Speziali M, Granjeiro PA. Impact of DMPEI on Biofilm Adhesion on Latex Urinary Catheter. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2021; 15:51-66. [PMID: 33588743 DOI: 10.2174/1872208315666210215084127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microorganisms can migrate from the external environment to the patient's organism through the insertion of catheters. Despite being indispensable medical device, the catheter surface can be colonized by microorganisms and become a starting point for biofilm formation. Therefore, new technologies are being developed in order to modify surfaces to prevent the adhesion and survival of microorganisms. Patents with the use of DMPEI have been filed. OBJECTIVE In the present work, we coated latex catheter surfaces with 2 mg mL-1 DMPEI in different solvents, evaluated the wettability of the surface and the anti- biofilm activity of the coated catheter against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. METHODS We coated the inner and outer catheter surfaces with 2 mg mL-1 of DMPEI solubilized in butanol, dimethylformamide, and cyclohexanone and the surfaces were analyzed visually. Contact angle measurement allowed the analysis of the wettability of the surfaces. The CFU mL-1 count evaluated E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans adhesion onto the control and treated surfaces. RESULTS The contact angle decreased from 50.48º to 46.93º on the inner surface and from 55.83º to 50.91º on the outer surface of latex catheters coated with DMPEI. The catheter coated with DMPEI showed anti-biofilm activity of 83%, 88%, and 93% on the inner surface and 100%, 92%, and 86% on the outer surface for E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans, respectively. CONCLUSION Latex catheter coated with DMPEI efficiently impaired the biofilm formation both on the outer and inner surfaces, showing a potential antimicrobial activity along with a high anti-biofilm activity for medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius S Tarabal
- Campus Centro-Oeste, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia G Silva
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ruben D Sinisterra
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Gonçalves
- Campus Centro-Oeste, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jose Silva
- Campus Centro-Oeste, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jose M Granjeiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Speziali
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Granjeiro
- Campus Centro-Oeste, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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20
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Neupane S, Goto J, Berardinelli SJ, Ito A, Haltiwanger RS, Holdener BC. Hydrocephalus in mouse B3glct mutants is likely caused by defects in multiple B3GLCT substrates in ependymal cells and subcommissural organ. Glycobiology 2021; 31:988-1004. [PMID: 33909046 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peters plus syndrome, characterized by defects in eye and skeletal development with isolated cases of ventriculomegaly/hydrocephalus, is caused by mutations in the β3-glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT) gene. In the endoplasmic reticulum, B3GLCT adds glucose to O-linked fucose on properly folded Thrombospondin Type 1 Repeats (TSRs). The resulting glucose-fucose disaccharide is proposed to stabilize the TSR fold and promote secretion of B3GLCT substrates, with some substrates more sensitive than others to loss of glucose. Mouse B3glct mutants develop hydrocephalus at high frequency. In this study, we demonstrated that B3glct mutant ependymal cells had fewer cilia basal bodies and altered translational polarity compared to controls. Localization of mRNA encoding A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin type 1 repeat 20 (ADAMTS20) and ADAMTS9, suggested that reduced function of these B3GLCT substrates contributed to ependymal cell abnormalities. In addition, we showed that multiple B3GLCT substrates (Adamts3, Adamts9, and Adamts20) are expressed by the subcommissural organ, that subcommissural organ-spondin (SSPO) TSRs were modified with O-linked glucose-fucose, and that loss of B3GLCT reduced secretion of SSPO in cultured cells. In the B3glct mutant subcommissural organ intracellular SSPO levels were reduced and BiP levels increased, suggesting a folding defect. Secreted SSPO colocalized with BiP, raising the possibility that abnormal extracellular assembly of SSPO into Reissner's fiber also contributed to impaired CSF flow in mutants. Combined, these studies underscore the complexity of the B3glct mutant hydrocephalus phenotype and demonstrate that impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow likely stems from the collective effects of the mutation on multiple processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Neupane
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - June Goto
- Division of Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Steven J Berardinelli
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Atsuko Ito
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Bernadette C Holdener
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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21
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Rai N, Shihan M, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Novoyatleva T. Genetic Delivery and Gene Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031179. [PMID: 33503992 PMCID: PMC7865388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive complex fatal disease of multiple etiologies. Hyperproliferation and resistance to apoptosis of vascular cells of intimal, medial, and adventitial layers of pulmonary vessels trigger excessive pulmonary vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction in the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subgroup of PH. Multiple gene mutation/s or dysregulated gene expression contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH by endorsing the proliferation and promoting the resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular cells. Given the vital role of these cells in PAH progression, the development of safe and efficient-gene therapeutic approaches that lead to restoration or down-regulation of gene expression, generally involved in the etiology of the disease is the need of the hour. Currently, none of the FDA-approved drugs provides a cure against PH, hence innovative tools may offer a novel treatment paradigm for this progressive and lethal disorder by silencing pathological genes, expressing therapeutic proteins, or through gene-editing applications. Here, we review the effectiveness and limitations of the presently available gene therapy approaches for PH. We provide a brief survey of commonly existing and currently applicable gene transfer methods for pulmonary vascular cells in vitro and describe some more recent developments for gene delivery existing in the field of PH in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabham Rai
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Mazen Shihan
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Werner Seeger
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
| | - Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (N.R.); (M.S.); (W.S.); (R.T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Zhang A, Berardinelli SJ, Leonhard-Melief C, Vasudevan D, Liu TW, Taibi A, Giannone S, Apte SS, Holdener BC, Haltiwanger RS. O-Fucosylation of ADAMTSL2 is required for secretion and is impacted by geleophysic dysplasia-causing mutations. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15742-15753. [PMID: 32913123 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAMTSL2 mutations cause an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder, geleophysic dysplasia 1 (GPHYSD1), which is characterized by short stature, small hands and feet, and cardiac defects. ADAMTSL2 is a matricellular protein previously shown to interact with latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein 1 and influence assembly of fibrillin 1 microfibrils. ADAMTSL2 contains seven thrombospondin type-1 repeats (TSRs), six of which contain the consensus sequence for O-fucosylation by protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2). O-fucose-modified TSRs are subsequently elongated to a glucose β1-3-fucose (GlcFuc) disaccharide by β1,3-glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT). B3GLCT mutations cause Peters Plus Syndrome (PTRPLS), which is characterized by skeletal defects similar to GPHYSD1. Several ADAMTSL2 TSRs also have consensus sequences for C-mannosylation. Six reported GPHYSD1 mutations occur within the TSRs and two lie near O-fucosylation sites. To investigate the effects of TSR glycosylation on ADAMTSL2 function, we used MS to identify glycan modifications at predicted consensus sequences on mouse ADAMTSL2. We found that most TSRs were modified with the GlcFuc disaccharide at high stoichiometry at O-fucosylation sites and variable mannose stoichiometry at C-mannosylation sites. Loss of ADAMTSL2 secretion in POFUT2 -/- but not in B3GLCT -/- cells suggested that impaired ADAMTSL2 secretion is not responsible for skeletal defects in PTRPLS patients. In contrast, secretion was significantly reduced for ADAMTSL2 carrying GPHYSD1 mutations (S641L in TSR3 and G817R in TSR6), and S641L eliminated O-fucosylation of TSR3. These results provide evidence that abnormalities in GPHYSD1 patients with this mutation are caused by loss of O-fucosylation on TSR3 and impaired ADAMTSL2 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - Deepika Vasudevan
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Ta-Wei Liu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew Taibi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Sharee Giannone
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA.
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Comprehensive Screening of Mouse T-Cell Epitopes in Human Herpesvirus 6B Glycoprotein H/L/Q1/Q2 Tetramer Complex. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:4697529. [PMID: 32775465 PMCID: PMC7399772 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4697529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infects over 90% of people. The HHV-6 subtype, HHV-6B in particular, is often associated with exanthem subitum in early childhood. Exanthem subitum is usually self-limiting and good prognosis disease; however, some infants primarily infected with HHV-6B develop encephalitis/encephalopathy, and half of the patients developed encephalopathy reported to have neurological sequelae. Furthermore, after primary infection, HHV-6B remains in a latent state and sometimes reactivated in immunosuppressed patients, causing life-threatening severe encephalopathy. However, effective immunotherapies or vaccines for controlling HHV-6B infection and reactivation have not yet been established. Recently, we have found that the HHV-6B tetrameric glycoprotein (g) complex, gH/gL/gQ1/gQ2 is a promising vaccine candidate, and currently under preclinical development. To confirm our vaccine candidate protein complex induce detectable T-cell responses, in this study, we comprehensively screened CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes in the gH/gL/gQ1/gQ2 tetrameric complex protein in mice immunisation model. Both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were immunised with the tetrameric complex protein or plasmid DNA encoding gH, gL, gQ1, and gQ2, and then restimulated with 162 20-mer peptides covering the whole gH/gL/gQ1/gQ2 sequences; multiple CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell-stimulating peptides were identified in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Our study demonstrates that gH/gL/gQ1/gQ2 tetramer-targeted vaccination has potential to induce T-cell responses in two different strains of mice and supports the future development and application of T-cell-inducing vaccine and immunotherapies against HHV-6B.
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Rodier JT, Tripathi R, Fink MK, Sharma A, Korampally M, Gangopadhyay S, Giuliano EA, Sinha PR, Mohan RR. Linear Polyethylenimine-DNA Nanoconstruct for Corneal Gene Delivery. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 35:23-31. [PMID: 30699061 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2018.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the efficiency and potential toxicity of a linear 22-kDa polyethylenimine (PEI)-DNA nanoconstruct for delivering genes to corneal cells and the effects of PEI nitrogen-to-DNA phosphate (N:P) ratio on gene transfer efficiency in vitro and in vivo. METHODS A gel retardation assay, zeta potential measurement, bright-field microscopy, transfection with green fluorescent protein (GFP), immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to characterize the physicochemical and biological properties and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay for cytotoxicity of the linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct using in vitro cultured primary human corneal fibroblast and in vivo mouse models. RESULTS Of the several evaluated N:P ratios, the highest gene transfection efficiency achieved without any notable cytotoxicity was observed at an N:P ratio of 30:1 (N:P 30). In vivo gene transfer studies revealed substantial GFP gene delivery into the corneas of mice 3 days after a single 5-min topical application without any significant adverse ocular effects. Slit-lamp biomicroscope ophthalmic examination of the mouse exposed to the linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct showed no evidence of hyperemia (redness), corneal edema, ocular inflammation, or epiphora (excessive tearing). CONCLUSIONS The 22-kDa linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct is an efficient and well-tolerated vector for corneal gene therapy in vitro and in vivo and could be used as a platform for developing novel gene-based nanomedicine approaches for corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Rodier
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 2 Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine & Vision, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ratnakar Tripathi
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michael K Fink
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ajay Sharma
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Madhuri Korampally
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Shubhra Gangopadhyay
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth A Giuliano
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Prashant R Sinha
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rajiv R Mohan
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 2 Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine & Vision, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Abstract
Polyethyleneimine (PEI) has been extensively investigated as an efficient carrier for nucleic acid delivery. Yet, it suffers from a high toxicity profile that hinders clinical translation. Fluorination has proven to be a valid approach to reduce the cytotoxicity of PEI and improve the in vitro siRNA delivery potency. Hydrophobicity and lipophobicity can be controllably introduced into the side chains of PEI. However, the effect of fluorination on siRNA delivery in vivo, particularly the biodistribution of siRNA polyplex nanoparticles with fluorinated PEIs, has not been extensively explored. Here, we introduce two series of fluorinated PEIs via amidation with ethyl trifluoroacetate and perfluorobutyryl chloride. Fluorination substantially improved the performance of PEI for siRNA delivery by reducing the cytotoxicity to MDA-MB-231 cells. Importantly, fluorinated PEI enabled the major accumulation of siRNA polyplex nanoparticles in the liver while non-fluorinated PEI delivered siRNA nanoparticles mainly to the lungs after intravenous administration to mice. It is envisioned that fluorination may be an important general strategy for lowering toxicity of cationic polymers, and that the fluorination-induced alteration of biodistribution may be applicable for improved delivery to different organs. Graphical abstract.
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26
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Generation and delivery of “Yamanaka factor” recombinant proteins mediated with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs). APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Hussein Kamareddine M, Ghosn Y, Tawk A, Elia C, Alam W, Makdessi J, Farhat S. Organic Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems and Their Potential Role in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 18:1533033819879902. [PMID: 31865865 PMCID: PMC6928535 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819879902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that occurs more prominently in the older population, with a peak incidence at ages 45 to 85 years and a median age at diagnosis of 65 years. This disease comprises roughly 15% of all leukemias in adults. It is a clonal stem cell disorder of myeloid cells characterized by the presence of t(9;22) chromosomal translocation, also known as the Philadelphia chromosome, or its byproducts BCR-ABL fusion protein/messenger RNA, leading to the expression of a protein with enhanced tyrosine kinase activity. This fusion protein has become the main therapeutic target in chronic myeloid leukemia therapy, with imatinib displaying superior antileukemic effects, placing it at the forefront of current treatment protocols and displaying great efficacy. Alternatively, nanomedicine and employing nanoparticles as drug delivery systems may represent new approaches in future anticancer therapy. This review focuses primarily on the use of organic nanoparticles aimed at chronic myeloid leukemia therapy in both in vitro and in vivo settings, by going through a thorough survey of published literature. After a brief introduction on the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia, a description of conventional, first- and second-line, treatment modalities of chronic myeloid leukemia is presented. Finally, some of the general applications of nanostrategies in medicine are presented, with a detailed focus on organic nanocarriers and their constituents used in chronic myeloid leukemia treatment from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Youssef Ghosn
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Antonios Tawk
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Carlos Elia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Walid Alam
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El-Koura, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Makdessi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Said Farhat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Achrafieh-Beirut, Lebanon
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28
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Cuvertino S, Hartill V, Colyer A, Garner T, Nair N, Al-Gazali L, Canham N, Faundes V, Flinter F, Hertecant J, Holder-Espinasse M, Jackson B, Lynch SA, Nadat F, Narasimhan VM, Peckham M, Sellers R, Seri M, Montanari F, Southgate L, Squeo GM, Trembath R, van Heel D, Venuto S, Weisberg D, Stals K, Ellard S, Barton A, Kimber SJ, Sheridan E, Merla G, Stevens A, Johnson CA, Banka S. A restricted spectrum of missense KMT2D variants cause a multiple malformations disorder distinct from Kabuki syndrome. Genet Med 2020; 22:867-877. [PMID: 31949313 PMCID: PMC7200597 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate if specific exon 38 or 39 KMT2D missense variants (MVs) cause a condition distinct from
Kabuki syndrome type 1 (KS1). Methods Multiple individuals, with MVs in exons 38 or 39 of KMT2D that encode a highly conserved region of 54
amino acids flanked by Val3527 and Lys3583, were identified and phenotyped.
Functional tests were performed to study their pathogenicity and understand the
disease mechanism. Results The consistent clinical features of the affected individuals, from
seven unrelated families, included choanal atresia, athelia or hypoplastic
nipples, branchial sinus abnormalities, neck pits, lacrimal duct anomalies,
hearing loss, external ear malformations, and thyroid abnormalities. None of the
individuals had intellectual disability. The frequency of clinical features,
objective software-based facial analysis metrics, and genome-wide peripheral
blood DNA methylation patterns in these patients were significantly different
from that of KS1. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that these MVs
perturb KMT2D secondary structure through an increased disordered to ɑ-helical
transition. Conclusion KMT2D MVs located in a specific
region spanning exons 38 and 39 and affecting highly conserved residues cause a
novel multiple malformations syndrome distinct from KS1. Unlike KMT2D haploinsufficiency in KS1, these MVs likely
result in disease through a dominant negative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cuvertino
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Verity Hartill
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Alice Colyer
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Terence Garner
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nisha Nair
- Centre of Genetics & Genomics Versus Arthritis, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Natalie Canham
- Liverpool Centre for Genomic Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.,North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - Victor Faundes
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Laboratorio de Genética y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Frances Flinter
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's & St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Brian Jackson
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sally Ann Lynch
- Temple street Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fatima Nadat
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Michelle Peckham
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Robert Sellers
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marco Seri
- Medical Genetics Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Montanari
- Medical Genetics Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Southgate
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK.,Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriella Maria Squeo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Richard Trembath
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Santina Venuto
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniel Weisberg
- Clinical Psychology Department, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen Stals
- Molecular Genetics Department, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Sian Ellard
- Molecular Genetics Department, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK.,Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Anne Barton
- Centre of Genetics & Genomics Versus Arthritis, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Eamonn Sheridan
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Adam Stevens
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Colin A Johnson
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. .,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Ito T, Fukuhara M, Okuda T, Okamoto H. Naked pDNA/hyaluronic acid powder shows excellent long-term storage stability and gene expression in murine lungs. Int J Pharm 2020; 574:118880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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The effect of cysteine oxidation on DJ-1 cytoprotective function in human alveolar type II cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:638. [PMID: 31474749 PMCID: PMC6717737 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1833-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein with cytoprotective functions. It is localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria. The conserved cysteine residue at position 106 (Cys106) within DJ-1 serves as a sensor of redox state and can be oxidized to both the sulfinate (-SO2−) and sulfonate (-SO3−) forms. DJ-1 with Cys106-SO2− has cytoprotective activity but high levels of reactive oxygen species can induce its overoxidation to Cys106-SO3−. We found increased oxidative stress in alveolar type II (ATII) cells isolated from emphysema patients as determined by 4-HNE expression. DJ-1 with Cys106-SO3− was detected in these cells by mass spectrometry analysis. Moreover, ubiquitination of Cys106-SO3− DJ-1 was identified, which suggests that this oxidized isoform is targeted for proteasomal destruction. Furthermore, we performed controlled oxidation using H2O2 in A549 cells with DJ-1 knockout generated using CRISPR-Cas9 strategy. Lack of DJ-1 sensitized cells to apoptosis induced by H2O2 as detected using Annexin V and propidium iodide by flow cytometry analysis. This treatment also decreased both mitochondrial DNA amount and mitochondrial ND1 (NADH dehydrogenase 1, subunit 1) gene expression, as well as increased mitochondrial DNA damage. Consistent with the decreased cytoprotective function of overoxidized DJ-1, recombinant Cys106-SO3− DJ-1 exhibited a loss of its thermal unfolding transition, mild diminution of secondary structure in CD spectroscopy, and an increase in picosecond–nanosecond timescale dynamics as determined using NMR. Altogether, our data indicate that very high oxidative stress in ATII cells in emphysema patients induces DJ-1 overoxidation to the Cys106-SO3− form, leading to increased protein flexibility and loss of its cytoprotective function, which may contribute to this disease pathogenesis.
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31
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Analyzing the Effects of O-Fucosylation on Secretion of ADAMTS Proteins Using Cell-Based Assays. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 31463900 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9698-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 repeats) superfamily are extensively modified with glycan moieties. Glycosylation occurs as these enzymes are trafficked through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus on their way to the extracellular space and includes N-linked glycosylation, O-linked fucosylation and C-linked mannosylation. This chapter focuses on O-linked fucose, which is added to properly folded thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs) in the ER by protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2) and elongated to a Glucoseβ1-3Fucose disaccharide by β3-glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT). Knockout of POFUT2 results in embryonic lethality in mice, and inactivating mutations in B3GLCT cause Peters plus syndrome, a congenital disorder of glycosylation in humans. Addition of the disaccharide by POFUT2 and B3GLCT stabilizes folded TSRs, enhancing folding in the ER and secretion efficiency of several ADAMTS proteins from cells. Thus, POFUT2 and B3GLCT both function as an ER quality control pathway for folding of TSRs in ADAMTS proteins. In this chapter we describe in detail the methods developed to analyze secretion defects of ADAMTS proteins upon loss of either POFUT2 or B3GLCT. The methods described include creation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout cell lines of POFUT2 and B3GLCT and use of these cell lines to analyze and quantify secretion defects of ADAMTS proteins.
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Fatty acids and cancer-amplified ZDHHC19 promote STAT3 activation through S-palmitoylation. Nature 2019; 573:139-143. [PMID: 31462771 PMCID: PMC6728214 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a critical role in regulating cell fate, inflammation and immunity1,2. Cytokines and growth factors activate STAT3 through kinase-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation and dimerization3,4. It remains unknown whether other factors could promote STAT3 activation through different mechanisms. Here we show that STAT3 is posttranslationally S-palmitoylated at the Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain, promoting its dimerization and transcriptional activation. Fatty acids could directly activate STAT3 by enhancing its palmitoylation, in synergy with cytokine stimulation. We further identified ZDHHC19 as a palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) regulating STAT3. Cytokine stimulation enhances STAT3 palmitoylation by promoting ZDHHC19–STAT3 association mediated by Grb2 SH3 domain. Silencing ZDHHC19 blocks STAT3 palmitoylation and dimerization, impairing cytokine and fatty acid-induced STAT3 activation. Importantly, ZDHHC19 is frequently amplified in multiple human cancers, including in 39% of lung squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs). High ZDHHC19 levels correlate with high nuclear STAT3 in patient samples. In addition, ZDHHC19 knockout in LSCC cells significantly blocks STAT3 activity, and inhibits fatty acid-induced tumorsphere formation and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced tumorigenesis in vivo. Taken together, we reveal that fatty acid and ZDHHC19-mediated palmitoylation are additional signals regulating STAT3, linking deregulation of palmitoylation to inflammation and cancer.
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Albright V, Marin A, Kaner P, Sukhishvili SA, Andrianov AK. New Family of Water-Soluble Sulfo–Fluoro Polyphosphazenes and Their Assembly within Hemocompatible Nanocoatings. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3897-3906. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Albright
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Alexander Marin
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Papatya Kaner
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Svetlana A. Sukhishvili
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Alexander K. Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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Bleckmann M, Schürig M, Endres M, Samuels A, Gebauer D, Konisch N, van den Heuvel J. Identifying parameters to improve the reproducibility of transient gene expression in High Five cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217878. [PMID: 31170233 PMCID: PMC6553862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-free, transient gene expression (TGE) in High Five cells was recently presented as an efficient protein production method. However, published TGE protocols have not been standardized to a general protocol. Therefore, reproducibility and implementation of the method in other labs remains difficult. The aim of this study is to analyse the parameters determining the reproducibility of the TGE in insect cells. Here, we identified that using linear 40 kDa PEI instead of 25 kDa PEI was one of the most important aspects to improve TGE. Furthermore, DNA amount, DNA:PEI ratio, growth phase of the cells before transfection, passage number, the origin of the High-Five cell isolates and the type of cultivation medium were considered. Interestingly, a correlation of the passage number to the DNA content of single cells (ploidy) and to the transfection efficacy could be shown. The optimal conditions for critical parameters were used to establish a robust TGE method. Finally, we compared the achieved product yields in High Five cells using our improved TGE method with both the baculoviral expression system and TGE in the mammalian HEK293-6E cell line. In conclusion, the presented robust TGE protocol in High Five cells is easy to establish and produces ample amounts of high-quality recombinant protein, bridging the gap in expression level of this method to the well-established mammalian TGE in HEK293 cells as well as to the baculoviral expression vector system (BEVS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Bleckmann
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression Facility, Rudolf Virchow Centre, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Margitta Schürig
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Michelle Endres
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression Facility, Rudolf Virchow Centre, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Anke Samuels
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Daniela Gebauer
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Nadine Konisch
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Joop van den Heuvel
- Department Recombinant Protein Expression, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
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35
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Guan S, Yu X, Li J, Xu H, Han W, Shi G, Xu J, Wang L. Delivery of Survivin siRNA Using Cationic Diphenylalanine Vesicles. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-8184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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36
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Glycosylated Artificial Virus-Like Hybrid Vectors for Advanced Gene Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11020243. [PMID: 30960227 PMCID: PMC6419053 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The major obstacle facing efficient gene therapy is the development of reliable delivery vehicles, which are both nontoxic and biocompatible and possess efficient cell-specific gene delivery. Previously, hybrid delivery vehicles comprising anionic liposomes and cationic polymers have been used successfully for gene therapy. In this study, hybrid vectors based on glycosylated artificial viral envelopes (including two novel compositions mimicking HIV and HSV envelopes) and polyethylenimine were morphologically and physiologically characterised. Transfection studies showed that the hybrid vectors based on the control liposomes, and their glycosylated modifications, had significantly higher transfection rates compared to the polyplexes. Improvement in the transfection efficiency was observed with the glycosylated HIV- and HSV-mimicking hybrid vectors, which also showed a safe biocompatibility profile based on the cytotoxicity and haemocompatibility assays. These glycosylated artificial viral envelope-based hybrid vectors could be used as safe gene delivery systems with potential to become new compositions for efficient nonviral gene therapy.
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Ito T, Okuda T, Takashima Y, Okamoto H. Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:489-497. [PMID: 30092131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. However, it is often the case that the addition of a vector results in adverse effects. In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. We prepared the naked pDNA powders by spray-freeze-drying with various excipients. The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder was dependent on the composition of excipients. Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Ito
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy , Meijo University , 150 Yagotoyama , Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503 , Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Okuda
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy , Meijo University , 150 Yagotoyama , Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503 , Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takashima
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy , Meijo University , 150 Yagotoyama , Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503 , Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okamoto
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy , Meijo University , 150 Yagotoyama , Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503 , Japan
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Rödl W, Taschauer A, Schaffert D, Wagner E, Ogris M. Synthesis of Polyethylenimine-Based Nanocarriers for Systemic Tumor Targeting of Nucleic Acids. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1943:83-99. [PMID: 30838611 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9092-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies offer the option to treat tumors in a highly selective way, while toxicity towards healthy tissue can be avoided when proper delivery vehicles are used. We have recently developed carrier systems based on linear polyethylenimine, which after chemical coupling of protein- or peptide-based ligands can form nanosized polyplexes with plasmid DNA (pDNA) or RNA and deliver their payload into target cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. This chapter describes the synthesis of LPEI from a precursor polymer and the current coupling techniques and purification procedure for peptide conjugates with linear polyethylenimine. A protocol is also given for the formation and characterization of polyplexes formed with LPEI conjugate and pDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Rödl
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Taschauer
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Schaffert
- Department of Molecular Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System Based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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39
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Asha K, Kumar P, Sanicas M, Meseko CA, Khanna M, Kumar B. Advancements in Nucleic Acid Based Therapeutics against Respiratory Viral Infections. J Clin Med 2018; 8:jcm8010006. [PMID: 30577479 PMCID: PMC6351902 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several viruses cause pulmonary infections due to their shared tropism with cells of the respiratory tract. These respiratory problems due to viral infection become a public health concern due to rapid transmission through air/aerosols or via direct-indirect contact with infected persons. In addition, the cross-species transmission causes alterations to viral genetic makeup thereby increasing the risk of emergence of pathogens with new and more potent infectivity. With the introduction of effective nucleic acid-based technologies, post translational gene silencing (PTGS) is being increasingly used to silence viral gene targets and has shown promising approach towards management of many viral infections. Since several host factors are also utilized by these viruses during various stages of infection, silencing these host factors can also serve as promising therapeutic tool. Several nucleic acid-based technologies such as short interfering RNAs (siRNA), antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes), and ribozymes have been studied and used against management of respiratory viruses. These therapeutic nucleic acids can be efficiently delivered through the airways. Studies have also shown efficacy of gene therapy in clinical trials against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as well as models of respiratory diseases including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), measles and influenza. In this review, we have summarized some of the recent advancements made in the area of nucleic acid based therapeutics and highlighted the emerging roles of nucleic acids in the management of some of the severe respiratory viral infections. We have also focused on the methods of their delivery and associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Asha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Noida 201303, India.
| | - Melvin Sanicas
- Sanofi Pasteur, Asia and JPAC Region, Singapore 257856, Singapore.
| | - Clement A Meseko
- Regional Centre for Animal Influenza, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom 930010, Nigeria.
| | - Madhu Khanna
- Department of Respiratory Virology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Binod Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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40
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Bauer M, Tauhardt L, Lambermont-Thijs HM, Kempe K, Hoogenboom R, Schubert US, Fischer D. Rethinking the impact of the protonable amine density on cationic polymers for gene delivery: A comparative study of partially hydrolyzed poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s and linear poly(ethylene imine)s. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 133:112-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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41
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Wang J, Thomas M, Lin P, Cheng JX, Matei DE, Wei A. siRNA Delivery Using Dithiocarbamate-Anchored Oligonucleotides on Gold Nanorods. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:443-453. [PMID: 30395447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a robust method for loading small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes onto the surfaces of gold nanorods (GNRs) at high density, using near-infrared laser irradiation to trigger their intracellular release with subsequent knockdown activity. Citrate-stabilized GNRs were first coated with oleylsulfobetaine, a zwitterionic amphiphile with low cytotoxicity, which produced stable dispersions at high ionic strength. Amine-modified siRNA duplexes were converted into dithiocarbamate (DTC) ligands and adsorbed onto GNR surfaces in a single incubation step at 0.5 M NaCl, simplifying the charge screening process. The DTC anchors were effective at minimizing premature siRNA desorption and release, a common but often overlooked problem in the use of gold nanoparticles as oligonucleotide carriers. The activity of GNR-siRNA complexes was evaluated systematically against an eGFP-producing ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3) using folate receptor-mediated uptake. Efficient knockdown was achieved by using a femtosecond-pulsed laser source to release DTC-anchored siRNA, with essentially no contributions from spontaneous (dark) RNA desorption. GNRs coated with thiol-anchored siRNA duplexes were less effective and also permitted low levels of knockdown activity without photothermal activation. Optimized siRNA delivery conditions were applied toward the targeted knockdown of transglutaminase 2, whose expression is associated with the progression of recurrent ovarian cancer, with a reduction in activity of >80% achieved after a single pulsed laser treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Mini Thomas
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , Purdue University , 206 South Martin Jischke Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , Purdue University , 206 South Martin Jischke Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Daniela E Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , 250 East Superior Street , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Alexander Wei
- Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , 560 Oval Drive , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Purdue University , 701 West Stadium Avenue , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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42
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Lu T, Wang Y, Chen D, Liu J, Jiao W. Potential clinical application of lncRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8045-8052. [PMID: 30519046 PMCID: PMC6239124 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s178431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been identified as one of the most prevalent and deadly tumors worldwide. In recent years, lncRNAs have been demonstrated to play a significant role in the development of lung cancer. Specifically, lncRNAs act as a regulator of cancer-critical genes, and they regulate the biological behavior of tumors at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs possess great potential in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer patients because of their roles in diverse cellular processes, such as proliferation, metastasis, stem cell maintenance, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and they serve as signaling biomarkers. Compared to other invasive diagnostic methods, detection of lncRNAs may become a very useful noninvasive methodology. Moreover, lncRNAs can serve as potential therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer due to their roles in regulating many signaling pathways associated with lung carcinoma. In this review, we discuss the roles and expression profile of lncRNAs. We also discuss the promising application of lncRNAs as predictors of clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and as potential therapeutic targets, aiming to demonstrate their practical value for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,
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43
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Cocciadiferro D, Augello B, De Nittis P, Zhang J, Mandriani B, Malerba N, Squeo GM, Romano A, Piccinni B, Verri T, Micale L, Pasqualucci L, Merla G. Dissecting KMT2D missense mutations in Kabuki syndrome patients. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:3651-3668. [PMID: 30107592 PMCID: PMC6488975 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kabuki syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by facial features, various organs malformations, postnatal growth deficiency and intellectual disability. The discovery of frequent germline mutations in the histone methyltransferase KMT2D and the demethylase KDM6A revealed a causative role for histone modifiers in this disease. However, the role of missense mutations has remained unexplored. Here, we expanded the mutation spectrum of KMT2D and KDM6A in KS by identifying 37 new KMT2D sequence variants. Moreover, we functionally dissected 14 KMT2D missense variants, by investigating their impact on the protein enzymatic activity and the binding to members of the WRAD complex. We demonstrate impaired H3K4 methyltransferase activity in 9 of the 14 mutant alleles and show that this reduced activity is due in part to disruption of protein complex formation. These findings have relevant implications for diagnostic and counseling purposes in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Cocciadiferro
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- PhD Program in Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Augello
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Mandriani
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, TIGEM, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Natascia Malerba
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- PhD Program in Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Gabriella M Squeo
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Piccinni
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Tiziano Verri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Lucia Micale
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Laura Pasqualucci
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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44
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Lorson T, Lübtow MM, Wegener E, Haider MS, Borova S, Nahm D, Jordan R, Sokolski-Papkov M, Kabanov AV, Luxenhofer R. Poly(2-oxazoline)s based biomaterials: A comprehensive and critical update. Biomaterials 2018; 178:204-280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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45
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Muto A, Sugihara Y, Shibakawa M, Oshima K, Matsuda T, Nadano D. The mRNA-binding protein Serbp1 as an auxiliary protein associated with mammalian cytoplasmic ribosomes. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 36:312-322. [PMID: 30039520 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
While transcription plays an obviously important role in gene expression, translation has recently been emerged as a key step that defines the composition and quality of the proteome in the cell of higher eukaryotes including mammals. Selective translation is supposed to be regulated by the structural heterogeneity of cytoplasmic ribosomes including differences in protein composition and chemical modifications. However, the current knowledge on the heterogeneity of mammalian ribosomes is limited. Here, we report mammalian Serbp1 as a ribosome-associated protein. The translated products of Serbp1 gene, including the longest isoform, were found to be localized in the nucleolus as well as in the cytoplasm. Subcellular fractionation indicated that most of cytoplasmic Serbp1 molecules were precipitated by ultracentrifugation. Proteomic analysis identified Serbp1 in the cytoplasmic ribosomes of the rodent testis. Polysome profiling suggested that Serbp1, as a component of the small 40S subunit, was included in translating ribosomes (polysomes). Cosedimentation of Serbp1 with the 40S subunit was observed after dissociation of the ribosomal subunits. Serbp1 was also included in the ribosomes of human cancer cells, which may lead to a mechanistic understanding of an emerging link between Serbp1 and tumour progression. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY In mammalian cells, the final protein output of their genetic program is determined not only by controlling transcription but also by regulating the posttranscriptional events. Although mRNA-binding proteins and the cytoplasmic ribosome have long been recognized as central players in the posttranscriptional regulation, their physical and functional interactions are still far from a complete understanding. Here, we describe the intracellular localization of Serbp1, an mRNA-binding protein, and the inclusion of this protein in actively translating ribosomes in normal and cancer cells. These findings shed a new light into molecular mechanisms underlying Serbp1 action in translational gene regulation and tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Muto
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sugihara
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Minami Shibakawa
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenzi Oshima
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuda
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daita Nadano
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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46
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Trützschler AK, Bus T, Sahn M, Traeger A, Weber C, Schubert US. The Power of Shielding: Low Toxicity and High Transfection Performance of Cationic Graft Copolymers Containing Poly(2-oxazoline) Side Chains. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2759-2771. [PMID: 29791802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We show the potential of oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (Oxn)-shielded graft copolymers of (2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate and N-methyl-(2-aminoethyl)-methacrylate for pDNA delivery in HEK cells. For the effect of grafting density and side chain length concerning improved transfection properties through the concept of shielding to be investigated, copolymers were synthesized via the macromonomer method using a combination of cationic ring opening polymerization and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization to vary the degree of grafting (DG = 10 and 30%) as well as the side chain degree of polymerization (DP = 5 and 20). Investigations of the polyplex formation, in vitro flow cytometry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements on the copolymer library revealed classical shielding properties of the Ox side chains, including highly reduced cytotoxicity and a partial decrease in transfection efficiency, as also reported for polyethylene glycol shielding. In terms of the transfection efficiency, the best performing copolymers (A- g-Ox5(10) and M- g-Ox5(10)) revealed equal or better performances compared to those of the corresponding homopolymers. In particular, the graft copolymers with low DG and side chain DP transfected well with over 10-fold higher IC50 values. In contrast, a DG of 30% resulted in a loss of transfection efficiency due to missing ability for endosomal release, and a side chain DP of 20 hampered the cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kristin Trützschler
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Tanja Bus
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Martin Sahn
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Christine Weber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstrasse 10 , 07743 Jena , Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Philosophenweg 7 , 07743 Jena , Germany
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47
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Yamamoto T, Tsunoda M, Ozono M, Watanabe A, Kotake K, Hiroshima Y, Yamada A, Terada H, Shinohara Y. Polyethyleneimine renders mitochondrial membranes permeable by interacting with negatively charged phospholipids in them. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 652:9-17. [PMID: 29886045 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyethyleneimines (PEIs) are used for transfection of cells with nucleic acids. Meanwhile, the interaction of PEI with mitochondria causes cytochrome c release prior to apoptosis; the mechanisms how PEI causes this permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes and the release of cytochrome c remain unclear. To clarify these mechanisms, we examined the effects of branched-type PEI and linear-type PEI, each of which was 25 kDa in size, on mitochondria. The permeabilization potency of mitochondrial membranes by branched PEI was stronger than that by linear PEI. The permeabilization by PEIs were insensitive to permeability-transition inhibitors, indicating that PEI-induced permeabilization was not attributed to permeability transition. Meanwhile, PEIs caused permeabilization of artificial lipid vesicles; again, the permeabilization potency of branched PEI was stronger than that of linear PEI. Such a difference in this potency was close to that in the case of isolated mitochondria, signifying that the PEI-induced permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes could be attributed to PEI's interaction with the phospholipid phase. Furthermore, this PEI-induced permeabilization of the lipid vesicles was observed only in the case of lipid vesicles including negatively charged phospholipids. These results indicate that PEIs interacted with negatively charged phospholipids in the mitochondrial membranes to directly lead to their permeabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Yamamoto
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| | - Moe Tsunoda
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Mizune Ozono
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Kotake
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yuka Hiroshima
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamada
- School of Dentistry, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Terada
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata City 956-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinohara
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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48
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Gutiérrez-Granados S, Cervera L, Kamen AA, Gòdia F. Advancements in mammalian cell transient gene expression (TGE) technology for accelerated production of biologics. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:918-940. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1419459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Gutiérrez-Granados
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Cervera
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Amine A. Kamen
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Francesc Gòdia
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Schneider M, Kumar V, Nordstrøm LU, Feng L, Takeuchi H, Hao H, Luca VC, Garcia KC, Stanley P, Wu P, Haltiwanger RS. Inhibition of Delta-induced Notch signaling using fucose analogs. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:65-71. [PMID: 29176671 PMCID: PMC5726916 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Notch is a cell-surface receptor that controls cell-fate decisions and is regulated by O-glycans attached to epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats in its extracellular domain. Protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 (Pofut1) modifies EGF repeats with O-fucose and is essential for Notch signaling. Constitutive activation of Notch signaling has been associated with a variety of human malignancies. Therefore, tools that inhibit Notch activity are being developed as cancer therapeutics. To this end, we screened L-fucose analogs for their effects on Notch signaling. Two analogs, 6-alkynyl and 6-alkenyl fucose, were substrates of Pofut1 and were incorporated directly into Notch EGF repeats in cells. Both analogs were potent inhibitors of binding to and activation of Notch1 by Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4, but not by Jag1. Mutagenesis and modeling studies suggest that incorporation of the analogs into EGF8 of Notch1 markedly reduces the ability of Delta ligands to bind and activate Notch1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Lars Ulrik Nordstrøm
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Huilin Hao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Vincent C. Luca
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - K. Christopher Garcia
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Robert S. Haltiwanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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50
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Guo Z, Lin L, Chen J, Zhou X, Chan HF, Chen X, Tian H, Chen M. Poly(ethylene glycol)-poly-l-glutamate complexed with polyethyleneimine−polyglycine for highly efficient gene delivery in vitro and in vivo. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:3053-3062. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00503f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highly efficient gene delivery system with effective serum resistant capacity is promising for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaopei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Macao 999078
- China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Xingzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Macao 999078
- China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- School of Biomedical Science
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Huayu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Macao 999078
- China
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