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Takakusagi Y, Kobayashi R, Saito K, Kishimoto S, Krishna MC, Murugesan R, Matsumoto KI. EPR and Related Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques in Cancer Research. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010069. [PMID: 36676994 PMCID: PMC9862119 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging tumor microenvironments such as hypoxia, oxygenation, redox status, and/or glycolytic metabolism in tissues/cells is useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. New imaging modalities are under development for imaging various aspects of tumor microenvironments. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging (EPRI) though similar to NMR/MRI is unique in its ability to provide quantitative images of pO2 in vivo. The short electron spin relaxation times have been posing formidable challenge to the technology development for clinical application. With the availability of the narrow line width trityl compounds, pulsed EPR imaging techniques were developed for pO2 imaging. EPRI visualizes the exogenously administered spin probes/contrast agents and hence lacks the complementary morphological information. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), a phenomenon that transfers the high electron spin polarization to the surrounding nuclear spins (1H and 13C) opened new capabilities in molecular imaging. DNP of 13C nuclei is utilized in metabolic imaging of 13C-labeled compounds by imaging specific enzyme kinetics. In this article, imaging strategies mapping physiologic and metabolic aspects in vivo are reviewed within the framework of their application in cancer research, highlighting the potential and challenges of each of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Takakusagi
- Quantum Hyperpolarized MRI Research Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Department of Quantum Life Science, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 265-8522, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (K.-i.M.); Tel.: +81-43-382-4297 (Y.T.); +81-43-206-3123 (K.-i.M.)
| | - Ryoma Kobayashi
- Quantum Hyperpolarized MRI Research Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Keita Saito
- Quantum Hyperpolarized MRI Research Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shun Kishimoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002, USA
| | - Murali C. Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002, USA
| | - Ramachandran Murugesan
- Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Palayanoor (PO), Chengalpattu 603308, India
| | - Ken-ichiro Matsumoto
- Quantitative RedOx Sensing Group, Department of Radiation Regulatory Science Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (K.-i.M.); Tel.: +81-43-382-4297 (Y.T.); +81-43-206-3123 (K.-i.M.)
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2
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Dikalov SI, Dikalova AE, Kirilyuk IA. Coupling of phagocytic NADPH oxidase activity and mitochondrial superoxide production. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:942736. [PMID: 35966537 PMCID: PMC9366351 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.942736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide radical plays an important role in redox cell signaling and physiological processes; however, overproduction of superoxide or insufficient activity of antioxidants leads to oxidative stress and contributes to the development of pathological conditions such as endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Meanwhile, the studies of superoxide in biological systems represent unique challenges associated with short lifetime of superoxide, insufficient reactivity of the superoxide probes, and lack of site-specific detection of superoxide. In this work we have developed 15N-and deuterium-enriched spin probe 15N-CAT1H for high sensitivity and site-specific detection of extracellular superoxide. We have tested simultaneous tracking of extracellular superoxide by 15N-CAT1H and intramitochondrial superoxide by conventional 14N-containing spin probe mitoTEMPO-H in immune cells isolated from spleen, splenocytes, under basal conditions or stimulated with inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and TNFα, NADPH oxidase activator PMA, or treated with inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I rotenone or complex III antimycin A. 15N-CAT1H provides two-fold increase in sensitivity and improves detection since EPR spectrum of 15N-CAT1 nitroxide does not overlap with biological radicals. Furthermore, concurrent use of cell impermeable 15N-CAT1H and mitochondria-targeted 14N-mitoTEMPO-H allows simultaneous detection of extracellular and mitochondrial superoxide. Analysis of IL-17A- and TNFα-induced superoxide showed parallel increase in 15N-CAT1 and 14N-mitoTEMPO signals suggesting coupling between phagocytic NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. The interplay between mitochondrial superoxide production and activity of phagocytic NADPH oxidase was further investigated in splenocytes isolated from Sham and angiotensin II infused C57Bl/6J and Nox2KO mice. Angiotensin II infusion in wild-type mice increased the extracellular basal splenocyte superoxide which was further enhanced by complex III inhibitor antimycin A, mitochondrial uncoupling agent CCCP and NADPH oxidase activator PMA. Nox2 depletion attenuated angiotensin II mediated stimulation and inhibited both extracellular and mitochondrial PMA-induced superoxide production. These data indicate that splenocytes isolated from hypertensive angiotensin II-infused mice are "primed" for enhanced superoxide production from both phagocytic NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. Our data demonstrate that novel 15N-CAT1H provides high sensitivity superoxide measurements and combination with mitoTEMPO-H allows independent and simultaneous detection of extracellular and mitochondrial superoxide. We suggest that this new approach can be used to study the site-specific superoxide production and analysis of important sources of oxidative stress in cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna E. Dikalova
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Igor A. Kirilyuk
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
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3
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Mutlu H. Chemical design and synthesis of macromolecular profluorescent nitroxide systems as self-reporting probes. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01645h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this mini-review article is to highlight the importance of the chemical design towards the synthesis of polymeric profluorescent nitroxides applicable as self-reporting probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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4
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Kimura K, Iguchi N, Nakano H, Yasui H, Matsumoto S, Inanami O, Hirata H. Redox-Sensitive Mapping of a Mouse Tumor Model Using Sparse Projection Sampling of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:57-69. [PMID: 33847172 PMCID: PMC8823265 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims: This work aimed to establish an accelerated imaging system for redox-sensitive mapping in a mouse tumor model using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nitroxyl radicals. Results: Sparse sampling of EPR spectral projections was demonstrated for a solution phantom. The reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) images with filtered back-projection (FBP) and compressed sensing image reconstruction were quantitatively assessed for the solution phantom. Mouse xenograft models of a human-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line, MIA PaCa-2, were also measured for redox-sensitive mapping with the sparse sampling technique. Innovation: A short-lifetime redox-sensitive nitroxyl radical (15N-labeled perdeuterated Tempone) could be measured to map the decay rates of the EPR signals for the mouse xenograft models. Acceleration of 3D EPR image acquisition broadened the choices of nitroxyl radical probes with various redox sensitivities to biological environments. Conclusion: Sparse sampling of EPR spectral projections accelerated image acquisition in the 3D redox-sensitive mapping of mouse tumor-bearing legs fourfold compared with conventional image acquisition with FBP. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 57-69.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kimura
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nami Iguchi
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Nakano
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yasui
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Osamu Inanami
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hirata
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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5
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Yasukawa K. Redox-Based Theranostics of Gastric Ulcers Using Nitroxyl Radicals. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:160-171. [PMID: 34498915 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Redox-based theranostics involves redox monitoring and therapeutics that normalize redox imbalance. It may be a promising approach to markedly improve a patient's quality of life through streamlined treatment. Nitroxyl radicals are useful for both redox monitoring and treating gastric ulcers in rodents. Recent Advances: Redox monitoring using in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in a gastric ulcer rat model showed the production of reactive oxygen species in the whole stomach. A combination of Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nitroxyl radicals provided high-resolution images of redox imbalance in the stomach of rats with a gastric ulcer. Treatment with nitroxyl radicals was effective to treat ulcers that were formed using model experiments of Helicobacter pylori and mental stress as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Critical Issues: For redox monitoring using Overhauser-enhanced MRI, the EPR irradiation power that is delivered to subjects must be within the range of the specific absorption rate regulation to protect against microwave damage regardless of a decrease in image contrast. The effect of long-term treatment with a nitroxyl radical in patients with a gastric ulcer remains unclear. Future Directions: Further research on redox-based theranostics in redox-related diseases, including gastric ulcers, would be accelerated by improving the redox imager and by developing functional nitroxyl radicals that localize in the target organ, tissue, or cell and that have specific reactivity for the redox-related biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Yasukawa
- Laboratory of Advanced Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan
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6
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Enomoto A, Kato N, Shirouzu N, Tamura C, Ichikawa K. Imaging analysis for multiple paramagnetic agents using OMRI and electrophoresis. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 70:103-107. [PMID: 35400821 PMCID: PMC8921720 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitroxides have been widely used as a molecular probe for analysis of various diseases models. This article describes an analytical method for separation and semi-quantification of multiple paramagnetic contrast agents with simple procedure combining electrophoresis and Overhauser enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (OMRI) imaging. We used three nitroxides, 3-carbamoyl PROXYL, 3-carboxy PROXYL, and CAT-1, which have different ionic charges in the molecule. In addition, we showed that this method could apply for in vitro measurement using biological sample. The results showed the nitroxides were successfully separated with electrophoresis depending on their charge, and their separation was visualized with OMRI after electrophoresis. Vehicle media such as whole blood did not affect the electrophoresis results and OMRI enhancement factor. Thus, the method can be used to analyze the redox status of biological samples without preprocessing. This analytical method enables in vitro measurement of biological samples to determine the redox status of specific tissue layers using paramagnetic agents, which is helpful for detailed analysis of redox-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Enomoto
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - Nao Kato
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Naomi Shirouzu
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Chihiro Tamura
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Kazuhiro Ichikawa
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
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7
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Lin M, Breukels V, Scheenen TWJ, Paulusse JMJ. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Silicon Carbide Micro- and Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:30835-30843. [PMID: 34170657 PMCID: PMC8289227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two dominant crystalline phases of silicon carbide (SiC): α-SiC and β-SiC, differing in size and chemical composition, were investigated regarding their potential for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). 29Si nuclei in α-SiC micro- and nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 650 nm to 2.2 μm and minimal oxidation were successfully hyperpolarized without the use of free radicals, while β-SiC samples did not display appreciable degrees of polarization under the same polarization conditions. Long T1 relaxation times in α-SiC of up to 1600 s (∼27 min) were recorded for the 29Si nuclei after 1 h of polarization at a temperature of 4 K. Interestingly, these promising α-SiC particles allowed for direct hyperpolarization of both 29Si and 13C nuclei, resulting in comparably strong signal amplifications. Moreover, the T1 relaxation time of 13C nuclei in 750 nm-sized α-SiC particles was over 33 min, which far exceeds T1 times of conventional 13C DNP probes with values in the order of 1-2 min. The present work demonstrates the feasibility of DNP on SiC micro- and nanoparticles and highlights their potential as hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Department
of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical
Center, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W. J. Scheenen
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical
Center, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department
of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen,
P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Eto H, Naganuma T, Nakao M, Murata M, Elhelaly AE, Noda Y, Kato H, Matsuo M, Akahoshi T, Hashizume M, Hyodo F. Development of 20 cm sample bore size dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-MRI at 16 mT and redox metabolic imaging of acute hepatitis rat model. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:149-157. [PMID: 33865961 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue redox metabolism is involved in various diseases, and an understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of tissue redox metabolism could be useful for diagnosis of progression and treatment. In in vivo dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-MRI, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) irradiation at the resonance frequency of nitroxyl radicals administered as a redox probe for induction of DNP, increases the intensity of MRI signals. For electron spin, it is necessary to apply a resonant frequency 658 times higher than that required for nuclear spin because of the higher magnetic moment of unpaired electrons. Previous studies using a disease model of small animals and in vivo DNP-MRI have revealed that an abnormal redox status is involved in many diseases, and that it could be used to visualize the dynamics of alterations in redox metabolism. To use the current methods in clinical practice, the development of a prototype DNP-MRI system for preclinical examinations of large animals is indispensable for clarifying the problems peculiar to the increase in size of the DNP-MRI device. Therefore, we developed a in vivo DNP-MRI system with a sample bore size of 20 cm and a 16-mT magnetic field using a U-shaped permanent magnet. Because the NMR frequency is very low, we adopted a digital radiofrequency transmission/reception system with excellent filter and dynamic range characteristics and equipped with a digital eddy current compensation system to suppress large eddy currents. The pulse sequence was based on the fast spin-echo sequence, which was improved for low frequency and large-eddy current equipment. The in vivo DNP-MRI system developed was used to non-invasively image the redox reaction of a carbamoyl-PROXYL probe in the livers of large rats weighing 800 g. Furthermore, DNP-MRI analysis was able to capture significant changes in redox metabolism in hepatitis-model rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinako Eto
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tatuya Naganuma
- Japan Redox limited, 4-29-49-805 Chiyo Hakata-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motonao Nakao
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Advanced Medical Medicine, Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Abdelazim Elsayed Elhelaly
- Department of Radiology, Frontier Science for Imaging, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan; Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Yoshifumi Noda
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masayuki Matsuo
- Department of Radiology, Frontier Science for Imaging, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan; Department of Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Akahoshi
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Advanced Medical Medicine, Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | | | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Department of Radiology, Frontier Science for Imaging, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
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9
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Hyodo F, Ito S, Eto H, Elhelaly AE, Murata M, Akahoshi T, Utsumi H, Matuso M. Free radical imaging of endogenous redox molecules using dynamic nuclear polarisation magnetic resonance imaging. Free Radic Res 2020; 55:343-351. [PMID: 33307891 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1859109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Redox reactions accompanied by the oxidation-reduction of endogenous molecules play important roles in maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. In humans, numerous endogenous molecules that contribute towards maintaining physiological conditions form free radicals via electron transfer. A typical example of this is the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is involved in energy production. If free radicals derived from endogenous molecules could be visualised and exploited as biological and functional probes, redox reactions mediated by endogenous molecules could be detected non-invasively. We succeeded in visualising the free radicals derived from endogenous molecules using an in vivo dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. In this review, we describe the visualisation of endogenous redox molecules, such as flavins and ubiquinones, which are mitochondrial electron carriers, as well as vitamin E and vitamin C (ascorbate). In addition, we describe the application of melanin free radicals for the in vivo visualisation of metabola without using probes via in vivo DNP-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Hyodo
- Department of Radiology, Frontier Science for Imaging, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinji Ito
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hinako Eto
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Abdelazim Elsayed Elhelaly
- Department of Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismalia, Egypt
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Akahoshi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Advanced Medical Medicine, Disaster and Emergency medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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10
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Yasukawa K. [Free Radical Production and Production Mechanism in the Early and Advanced Stages of Gastrointestinal Lesions]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:1343-1350. [PMID: 33132270 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of redox balance due to the overproduction of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) could cause protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, and DNA mutation. These lead to an induction of gastrointestinal diseases such as gastric ulcers induced by long-term administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and ulcerative colitis. Magnetic resonance technique, which is non-invasive and free of radiation exposure, is a promising tool for evaluating redox status in the living body. This study investigated ROS production in rats with gastric ulcers induced by a typical NSAIDs indomethacin using in vivo ESR/spin probe technique. The ESR signal intensity of membrane-permeable nitroxyl probe in the indomethacin group showed enhanced decay compared with the vehicle group, but the enhancement was not observed in the presence of a membrane-permeable ROS scavenger, suggesting the intracellular ROS production. The imaging analysis using Overhauser-enhanced MRI (OMRI) with dual probes labeled with 14N and 15N enabled visualization of ROS production in the glandular stomach of rat with indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. The intracellular ROS production in the distal and proximal colon in the initiation stage and intra- and extra-cellular ROS production of the advanced stage of colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) using the OMRI/dual-probe technique was observed. Furthermore, nitration of src homology protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 in macrophages might be involved in the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κB, inducing infiltration of activated neutrophils into colonic mucosa to produce ROS in DSS-induced colitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Yasukawa
- Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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11
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Hosain MZ, Hyodo F, Mori T, Takahashi K, Nagao Y, Eto H, Murata M, Akahoshi T, Matsuo M, Katayama Y. Development of a novel molecular probe for the detection of liver mitochondrial redox metabolism. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16489. [PMID: 33020535 PMCID: PMC7536409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox status influences the course of the inflammatory, metabolic, and proliferative liver diseases. Oxidative stress is thought to play a crucial and sustained role in the pathological progression of early steatosis to severe hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species which are generated in the mitochondria can lead to chronic organelle damage in hepatocytes. Currently, the diagnosis of liver disease requires liver biopsy, which is invasive and associated with complications. The present report describes the development of a novel molecular probe, EDA-PROXYL, with higher reactivity and mitochondrial selectivity than standard carboxyl-PROXYL and carbamoyl-PROXYL probes. The membrane permeability of our probe improved in aqueous environments which led to increased accumulation in the liver and interaction of EDA-PROXYL with the carnitine transporter via the amine (NH3+) group further increased accumulation. This increased mitochondrial sensitivity and enhanced accumulation highlight the potential of EDA-PROXYL as a molecular probe for determining metabolic reactions of the mitochondria. Thus, this novel probe could be a tool for the evaluation of redox status of the mitochondria to assess the degree of liver injury and, ultimately, the response to pharmacological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahangir Hosain
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Frontier Science for Imaging, School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Koyo Takahashi
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nagao
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hinako Eto
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Akahoshi
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Matsuo
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Research Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung Li, 32023, Taiwan, ROC
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12
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Uchida T, Togashi H, Kuroda Y, Yamashita A, Itoh N, Haga K, Sadahiro M, Kayama T. In vivo analysis of redox status in organs - from bench to bedside. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:961-968. [PMID: 32458704 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1772470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide play an important role in the maintenance of life. However, production of excessive ROS and/or deficiency of the antioxidant system lead to oxidative stress and cause a variety of diseases. In the present study, we used electron spin resonance (ESR) to detect ROS in vivo to clarify its roles in redox dynamics and organ damage. However, the limited permeability of microwaves and low anatomic resolution of ESR equipment made it difficult to apply clinically. Nitroxide is widely used as a sensitive redox sensor for in vivo ESR analysis. The unpaired electrons of nitroxide are known to cause the T1 relaxation time-shortening effect of water protons, creating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) effects. The remarkable development of MRI has facilitated the spatiotemporal analysis of nitroxide, which was previously impossible. In a rat model, we have been able to image and analyze the process of nitroxide reduction using MRI. MRI using nitroxide as a contrast medium is considered to be clinically applicable for evaluation of organ redox, imaging of ROS (which cause organ damage), and evaluation of therapeutic effects. In this review, we describe current advances in the analysis of in vivo redox capacity in animals using ESR and MRI equipment. We consider that redox evaluation using MRI can contribute to advances in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Uchida
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Togashi
- Health Administration Center, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kuroda
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamashita
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Nanami Itoh
- Health Administration Center, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Haga
- Radiation Department, Yamagata University Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Sadahiro
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takamasa Kayama
- Global Center of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
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13
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Waddington DEJ, Boele T, Maschmeyer R, Kuncic Z, Rosen MS. High-sensitivity in vivo contrast for ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb0998. [PMID: 32733998 PMCID: PMC7367688 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb0998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners operating at ultra-low magnetic fields (ULF; <10 mT) are uniquely positioned to reduce the cost and expand the clinical accessibility of MRI. A fundamental challenge for ULF MRI is obtaining high-contrast images without compromising acquisition sensitivity to the point that scan times become clinically unacceptable. Here, we demonstrate that the high magnetization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) at ULF makes possible relaxivity- and susceptibility-based effects unachievable with conventional contrast agents (CAs). We leverage these effects to acquire high-contrast images of SPIONs in a rat model with ULF MRI using short scan times. This work overcomes a key limitation of ULF MRI by enabling in vivo imaging of biocompatible CAs. These results open a new clinical translation pathway for ULF MRI and have broader implications for disease detection with low-field portable MRI scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. J. Waddington
- Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics A28, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- ACRF Image X Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Thomas Boele
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richard Maschmeyer
- Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics A28, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zdenka Kuncic
- Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics A28, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Matthew S. Rosen
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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14
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Shiraishi R, Matsumoto S, Fuchi Y, Naganuma T, Yoshihara D, Usui K, Yamada KI, Karasawa S. Characterization and Water-Proton Longitudinal Relaxivities of Liposome-Type Radical Nanoparticles Prepared via a Supramolecular Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5280-5286. [PMID: 32321252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For the construction of metal-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, radical-based nanoparticles (RNPs) are promising materials because they allow the water-proton longitudinal relaxivity (r1) to be enhanced not only by paramagnetic resonance effects but also by prolonging the rotational correlation times (τR). However, the τR effect is limited because the radical units are often located within the central hydrophobic core of oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions, resulting in a lack of water molecules surrounding the radical units. In this study, to construct supramolecular RNPs that have high r1 values, we designed a liposome-type RNP in which the radical units are located at positions with sufficient surrounding water molecules. Using this strategy, PRO1 with a PROXYL framework was prepared by introducing hydrophilic groups on both sides of the radical unit. The RNP composed of PRO1 formed spherical nanoparticles approximately 100 nm in size and yielded a higher r1 value (0.26 mM-1 s-1) compared to those of small radical species and similar supramolecular o/w emulsion-type nanoparticles (0.17 mM-1 s-1 in PRO2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Shiraishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shota Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-0042, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Fuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-0042, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Naganuma
- Development Department Director, Japan REDOX Limited, 4-29-49-805 Chiyo Hakata-ku, Fukuoka 812-0044, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshihara
- Materials Open Laboratory (BUNSEKI-NEXT), Institute of Systems Information Technologies and Nanotechnologies (ISIT), 4-1 Kyudaishinmachi, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0388, Japan
| | - Kazuteru Usui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-0042, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoru Karasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-0042, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
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15
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Ide M, Sonoda N, Inoue T, Kimura S, Minami Y, Makimura H, Hayashida E, Hyodo F, Yamato M, Takayanagi R, Inoguchi T. The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, improves cognitive impairment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and microglial activation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228750. [PMID: 32032367 PMCID: PMC7006898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating epidemiological studies have demonstrated that diabetes is an important risk factor for dementia. However, the underlying pathological and molecular mechanisms, and effective treatment, have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, linagliptin, on diabetes-related cognitive impairment. METHOD Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were treated with linagliptin (3 mg/kg/24 h) for 17 weeks. The radial arm water maze test was performed, followed by evaluation of oxidative stress using DNP-MRI and the expression of NAD(P)H oxidase components and proinflammatory cytokines and of microglial activity. RESULTS Administration of linagliptin did not affect the plasma glucose and body weight of diabetic mice; however, it improved cognitive impairment. Additionally, linagliptin reduced oxidative stress and the mRNA expression of NAD(P)H oxidase component and TNF-α, and the number and body area of microglia, all of which were significantly increased in diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS Linagliptin may have a beneficial effect on diabetes-related dementia by inhibiting oxidative stress and microglial activation, independently of glucose-lowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ide
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sonoda
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomoaki Inoue
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kimura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Minami
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Makimura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hayashida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yamato
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Takayanagi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toyoshi Inoguchi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Fukuoka City Health Promotion Support Center, Fukuoka, Japan
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16
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Pinto LF, Lloveras V, Zhang S, Liko F, Veciana J, Muñoz-Gómez JL, Vidal-Gancedo J. Fully Water-Soluble Polyphosphorhydrazone-Based Radical Dendrimers Functionalized with Tyr-PROXYL Radicals as Metal-Free MRI T1 Contrast Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:369-376. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F. Pinto
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vega Lloveras
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Flonja Liko
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L. Muñoz-Gómez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Vidal-Gancedo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB−CSIC; Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, E-08193, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Merging Preclinical EPR Tomography with other Imaging Techniques. Cell Biochem Biophys 2019; 77:187-196. [PMID: 31440878 PMCID: PMC6742609 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-019-00880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a survey of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) image registration. Image registration is the process of overlaying images (two or more) of the same scene taken at different times, from different viewpoints and/or different techniques. EPR-imaging (EPRI) techniques belong to the functional-imaging modalities and therefore suffer from a lack of anatomical reference which is mandatory in preclinical imaging. For this reason, it is necessary to merging EPR images with other modalities which allow for obtaining anatomy images. Methodological analysis and review of the literature were done, providing a summary for developing a good foundation for research study in this field which is crucial in understanding the existing levels of knowledge. Out of these considerations, the aim of this paper is to enhance the scientific community’s understanding of the current status of research in EPR preclinical image registration and also communicate to them the contribution of this research in the field of image processing.
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18
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Yasukawa K, Hirago A, Yamada K, Tun X, Ohkuma K, Utsumi H. In vivo redox imaging of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice using Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 136:1-11. [PMID: 30928473 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease of unknown cause, diagnosis of the degree and location of colitis at an early stage is required to control the symptoms. Changes in redox status, including the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), have been associated with ulcerative colitis in humans and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in rodents. In this study, the in vivo redox status of colons of DSS-induced colitis mice were monitored by Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OMRI), and the relationship between redox status and colitis development was investigated. Colitis was induced by administering 5% DSS in drinking water to male Slc:ICR mice, which are a strain classified as closed colony outbred mice (5-week-old, 25-30 g). On the 3rd day of the DSS challenge, when no symptoms of colitis were displayed, the contrast decays of 15N-CmP and 14N-CxP tended to show enhancement in the whole colon and were not altered by DMSO. On the 5th day of the DSS challenge, with histological damage of the rectum being displayed, the contrast decay of 15N-CmP was significantly enhanced not only in the rectum, but also in the proximal colon, and this was suppressed by DMSO. On the 7th day of the DSS challenge, with the mice displaying severe colitis symptoms, the image contrasts of 15N-labeled 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl (15N-CmP) and 14N-labeled 3-carboxyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl (14N-CxP) showed much faster decay than those of healthy mice, while the increased decays of both probes were restored by the membrane-permeable reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Image differencing between the decay rate images of 15N-CmP and 14N-CxP showed the DSS-induced redox imbalance spreading over the whole colon, and a histogram of the difference image showed a smaller peak and broader distribution with the DSS treatment. These data indicate that ROS are produced intracellularly in the distal and proximal colon in the initiation stage of DSS-induced colitis, and that ROS are produced intracellularly and extracellularly in the advanced stage of DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Yasukawa
- Laboratory of Advanced Pharmacology, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-machi, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8511, Japan.
| | - Akinobu Hirago
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamada
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xin Tun
- Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohkuma
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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19
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Hyodo F, Naganuma T, Eto H, Murata M, Utsumi H, Matsuo M. In vivo melanoma imaging based on dynamic nuclear polarization enhancement in melanin pigment of living mice using in vivo dynamic nuclear polarization magnetic resonance imaging. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:99-105. [PMID: 30615920 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Melanin is a pigment that includes free radicals and is widely distributed in living animals. Malignant melanoma is one of the most progressive tumors in humans with increasing incidence worldwide, and has shown resistance to chemotherapy, resulting in high mortality at the metastatic stage. In general, melanoma involves the abnormal accumulation of melanin pigment produced by malignant melanocytes. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging is a powerful technique to directly visualize melanomas using endogenous free radicals in the melanin pigment. Because melanin radicals have a large linewidth, the low spatial resolution of EPR imaging results in blurred images and a lack of anatomical information. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-MRI is a noninvasive imaging method to obtain the spatio-temporal information of free radicals with MRI anatomical resolution. Proton signals in tissues, including free radicals, can be dramatically enhanced by EPR irradiation at the resonance frequency of the free radical prior to applying the MRI pulse sequence. However, the DNP effects of free radicals in the pigment of living organisms is unclear. Therefore, if endogenous free radicals in melanin pigment could be utilized as a bio-probe for DNP-MRI, this will be an advantage for the specific enhancement of melanoma tissues and might allow the separate noninvasive visualization of melanoma tissues without the need for probe administration. Here, we report that biological melanin pigment induced a in vivo DNP effect by interacting with water molecules. In addition, we demonstrated in vivo melanoma imaging based on the DNP effects of endogenous free radicals in the melanin pigment of living mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Hyodo
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan.
| | | | - Hinako Eto
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan; Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan; Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Masayuki Matsuo
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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20
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Yasukawa K, Shigemi R, Kanbe T, Mutsumoto Y, Oda F, Ichikawa K, Yamada KI, Tun X, Utsumi H. In Vivo Imaging of the Intra- and Extracellular Redox Status in Rat Stomach with Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcers Using Overhauser-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1147-1161. [PMID: 29631421 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Repeated use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can induce changes in the redox status, including production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the specific details of these changes remain unknown. Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (OMRI) has been used in vivo to monitor the redox status in several diseases and map tissue oxygen concentrations. We monitored the intra- and extracellular redox status in the stomach of rats with indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers using OMRI and investigated the relationship with gastric mucosal damage. RESULTS One hour after oral administration of indomethacin (30 mg/kg), OMRI measurements in the stomach were made following nitroxyl probe administration. OMRI with the membrane-permeable nitroxyl probe, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), demonstrated a redox change toward oxidation, which was reversed by a membrane-permeable antioxidant. Conversely, imaging with the impermeable probe, 4-trimethylammonium-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (CAT-1), demonstrated little redox change. Redox imbalance imaging of a live rat stomach with indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers was produced by dual imaging of 15N-labeled TEMPOL and 14N-labeled CAT-1, in addition to imaging with another membrane-permeable 15N-labeled probe, 3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl (MC-PROXYL), and 14N-labeled CAT-1. Pretreatment with MC-PROXYL suppressed gastric mucosal damage, whereas pretreatment with CAT-1 did not suppress ulcer formation. INNOVATION OMRI combined with a dual probe is a less invasive imaging technique for evaluation of intracellular ROS production contributing to the formation of gastric ulcers in the stomach of indomethacin-treated rats, which cannot be done with other methods. CONCLUSION This method may be a very powerful tool for characterizing the pathogenesis of various diseases and may have medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Yasukawa
- 1 Laboratory of Advanced Pharmacology, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan.,2 Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,3 Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Shigemi
- 2 Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kanbe
- 2 Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusaku Mutsumoto
- 2 Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumiko Oda
- 2 Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ichikawa
- 3 Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- 2 Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xin Tun
- 4 Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- 5 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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21
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Tain RW, Scotti AM, Cai K. Improving the detection specificity of endogenous MRI for reactive oxygen species (ROS). J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:583-591. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Wen Tain
- Department of Radiology; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
- Campus Center for Neuroimaging; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - Alessandro M. Scotti
- Department of Radiology; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
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22
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Fu C, Zhang C, Peng H, Han F, Baker C, Wu Y, Ta H, Whittaker AK. Enhanced Performance of Polymeric 19F MRI Contrast Agents through Incorporation of Highly Water-Soluble Monomer MSEA. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Kishimoto S, Krishna MC, Khramtsov VV, Utsumi H, Lurie DJ. In Vivo Application of Proton-Electron Double-Resonance Imaging. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1345-1364. [PMID: 28990406 PMCID: PMC5910041 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Proton-electron double-resonance imaging (PEDRI) employs electron paramagnetic resonance irradiation with low-field magnetic resonance imaging so that the electron spin polarization is transferred to nearby protons, resulting in higher signals. PEDRI provides information about free radical distribution and, indirectly, about the local microenvironment such as partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), tissue permeability, redox status, and acid-base balance. Recent Advances: Local acid-base balance can be imaged by exploiting the different resonance frequency of radical probes between R and RH+ forms. Redox status can also be imaged by using the loss of radical-related signal after reduction. These methods require optimized radical probes and pulse sequences. CRITICAL ISSUES High-power radio frequency irradiation is needed for optimum signal enhancement, which may be harmful to living tissue by unwanted heat deposition. Free radical probes differ depending on the purpose of PEDRI. Some probes are less effective for enhancing signal than others, which can reduce image quality. It is so far not possible to image endogenous radicals by PEDRI because low concentrations and broad line widths of the radicals lead to negligible signal enhancement. FUTURE DIRECTIONS PEDRI has similarities with electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) because both techniques observe the EPR signal, directly in the case of EPRI and indirectly with PEDRI. PEDRI provides information that is vital to research on homeostasis, development of diseases, or treatment responses in vivo. It is expected that the development of new EPR techniques will give insights into novel PEDRI applications and vice versa. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1345-1364.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kishimoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Murali C. Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Valery V. Khramtsov
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - David J. Lurie
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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Waddington DEJ, Sarracanie M, Salameh N, Herisson F, Ayata C, Rosen MS. An Overhauser-enhanced-MRI platform for dynamic free radical imaging in vivo. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3896. [PMID: 29493032 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Overhauser-enhanced MRI (OMRI) is an electron-proton double-resonance imaging technique of interest for its ability to non-invasively measure the concentration and distribution of free radicals. In vivo OMRI experiments are typically undertaken at ultra-low magnetic field (ULF), as both RF power absorption and penetration issues-a consequence of the high resonance frequencies of electron spins-are mitigated. However, working at ULF causes a drastic reduction in MRI sensitivity. Here, we report on the design, construction and performance of an OMRI platform optimized for high NMR sensitivity and low RF power absorbance, exploring challenges unique to probe design in the ULF regime. We use this platform to demonstrate dynamic imaging of TEMPOL in a rat model. The work presented here demonstrates improved speed and sensitivity of in vivo OMRI, extending the scope of OMRI to the study of dynamic processes such as metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E J Waddington
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mathieu Sarracanie
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Najat Salameh
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fanny Herisson
- Stroke and Neurovascular Regulation Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Stroke and Neurovascular Regulation Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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David Jebaraj D, Utsumi H, Milton Franklin Benial A. Low-frequency ESR studies on permeable and impermeable deuterated nitroxyl radicals in corn oil solution. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:257-264. [PMID: 29205482 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-frequency electron spin resonance studies were performed for 2 mM concentration of deuterated permeable and impermeable nitroxyl spin probes, 3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl and 3-carboxy-2,2,5,5,-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy in pure water and various concentrations of corn oil solution. The electron spin resonance parameters such as the line width, hyperfine coupling constant, g factor, rotational correlation time, permeability, and partition parameter were estimated. The broadening of line width was observed for nitroxyl radicals in corn oil mixture. The rotational correlation time increases with increasing concentration of corn oil, which indicates the less mobile nature of spin probe in corn oil mixture. The membrane permeability and partition parameter values were estimated as a function of corn oil concentration, which reveals that the nitroxyl radicals permeate equally into the aqueous phase and oil phase at the corn oil concentration of 50%. The electron spin resonance spectra demonstrate the permeable and impermeable nature of nitroxyl spin probes. From these results, the corn oil concentration was optimized as 50% for phantom studies. In this work, the corn oil and pure water mixture phantom models with various viscosities correspond to plasma membrane, and whole blood membrane with different hematocrit levels was studied for monitoring the biological characteristics and their interactions with permeable nitroxyl spin probe. These results will be useful for the development of electron spin resonance and Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging modalities in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D David Jebaraj
- Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 002, India
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Jing Y, Cao Q, Hao L, Yang GG, Hu WL, Ji LN, Mao ZW. A self-assessed photosensitizer: inducing and dual-modal phosphorescence imaging of mitochondria oxidative stress. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:271-274. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07797a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted Ir(iii)–nitroxide conjugates act as self-assessed PDT agents by simultaneously inducing and dual-modal phosphorescence imaging of mitochondrial oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Wei-Liang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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In vivo redox metabolic imaging of mitochondria assesses disease progression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17170. [PMID: 29215054 PMCID: PMC5719423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the rising incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in both adults and children, the development of a non-invasive diagnostic method for assessing disease progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become an important research goal. Currently available non-invasive imaging technologies are only able to assess fat accumulation in the liver. Therefore, these methods are not suitable for a precise diagnosis of NASH. The standard diagnostic technique for NASH, liver biopsy, has several drawbacks, including the higher risk of complications that accompanies invasive procedures. Here, we demonstrated that in vivo mitochondrial redox metabolism was dramatically altered at an early stage, before histopathological changes, and NASH could be accurately diagnosed by in vivo dynamic nuclear polarization-magnetic resonance imaging, with carbamoyl-PROXYL as a molecular imaging probe. In addition, this technique was feasible for the diagnosis of NASH compared with histopathological findings from biopsies. Our data reveal a novel method for monitoring the dynamics of redox metabolic changes in NAFLD/NASH.
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David Jebaraj D, Utsumi H, Milton Franklin Benial A. Dynamic nuclear polarization studies on deuterated nitroxyl spin probes. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2017; 55:909-916. [PMID: 28444914 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Detailed dynamic nuclear polarization and electron spin resonance studies were carried out for 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl, 3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl,3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethy pyrolidine-1-oxyl nitroxyl radicals and their corresponding deuterated nitroxyl radicals, used in Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the first time. The dynamic nuclear polarization parameters such as dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) factor, longitudinal relaxivity, saturation parameter, leakage factor and coupling factor were estimated for deuterated nitroxyl radicals. DNP enhancement increases with agent concentration up to 3 mm and decreases above 3 mm. The proton spin-lattice relaxation time and the longitudinal relaxivity parameters were estimated. The leakage factor increases with increasing agent concentration up to 3 mm and reaches plateau in the region 3-5 mm. The coupling parameter shows the interaction between the electron and nuclear spins to be mainly dipolar in origin. DNP spectrum exhibits that the full width at half maximum values are higher for undeuterated nitroxyl radicals compared with deuterated nitroxyl radicals, which leads to the increase in DNP enhancement. The ESR parameters such as, the line width, line shape, signal intensity ratio, rotational correlation time, hyperfine coupling constant and g-factor were calculated. The narrow line width was observed for deuterated nitroxyl radicals compared with undeuterated nitroxyl radicals, which leads to the higher saturation parameter value and DNP enhancement. The novelty of the work permits clear understanding of the DNP parameters determining the higher DNP enhancement compared with the undeuterated nitroxyl radicals. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- D David Jebaraj
- Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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David Jebaraj D, Utsumi H, Milton Franklin Benial A. Electron spin resonance studies on deuterated nitroxyl spin probes used in Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2017; 55:700-705. [PMID: 28052402 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The electron spin resonance studies were carried out for 2 mm concentration of 14 N-labeled and 15 N-labeled 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl, 3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl, 3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl and their deuterated nitroxyl radicals using X-band electron spin resonance spectrometer. The electron spin resonance line shape analysis was carried out. The electron spin resonance parameters such as linewidth, Lorentzian component, signal intensity ratio, rotational correlation time, hyperfine coupling constant and g-factor were estimated. The deuterated nitroxyl radicals have narrow linewidth and an increase in Lorentzian component, compared with undeuterated nitroxyl radicals. The dynamic nuclear polarization factor was observed for all nitroxyl radicals. Upon 2 H labeling, about 70% and 40% increase in dynamic nuclear polarization factor were observed for 14 N-labeled and 15 N-labeled nitroxyl radicals, respectively. The signal intensity ratio and g-value indicate the isotropic nature of the nitroxyl radicals in pure water. Therefore, the deuterated nitroxyl radicals are suitable spin probes for in vivo/in vitro electron spin resonance and Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging modalities. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- D David Jebaraj
- Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai, 625 002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812 8582, Japan
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30
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Nagasaki Y, Mizukoshi Y, Gao Z, Feliciano CP, Chang K, Sekiyama H, Kimura H. Development of a local anesthetic lidocaine-loaded redox-active injectable gel for postoperative pain management. Acta Biomater 2017; 57:127-135. [PMID: 28457963 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although local anesthesia is commonly applied for pain relief, there are several issues such as its short duration of action and low effectiveness at the areas of inflammation due to the acidic pH. The presence of excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to induce inflammation and aggravate pain. To resolve these issues, we developed a redox-active injectable gel (RIG) with ROS-scavenging activity. RIG was prepared by mixing polyamine-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polyamine with nitroxide radical moieties as side chains on the polyamine segments (PMNT-b-PEG-b-PMNT) with a polyanion, which formed a flower-type micelle via electrostatic complexation. Lidocaine could be stably incorporated in its core. When the temperature of the solution was increased to 37°C, the PIC-type flower micelle transformed to gel. The continuous release of lidocaine from the gel was observed for more than three days, without remarkable initial burst, which is probably owing to the stable entrapment of lidocaine in the PIC core of the gel. We evaluated the analgesic effect of RIG in carrageenan-induced arthritis mouse model. Results showed that lidocaine-loaded RIG has stronger and longer analgesic effect when administered in inflamed areas. In contrast, while the use of non-complexed lidocaine did not show analgesic effect one day after its administration. Note that no effect was observed when PIC-type flower micelle without ROS-scavenging ability was used. These findings suggest that local anesthetic-loaded RIG can effectively reduce the number of injection times and limit the side effects associated with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs for postoperative pain management. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 1. We have been working on nanomaterials, which effectively eliminate ROS, avoiding dysfunction of mitochondria in healthy cells. 2. We designed redox injectable gel using polyion complexed flower type micelle, which can eliminates ROS locally. 3. We could prepare local anesthesia-loaded redox injectable gel (lido@RIG). 4. Drug release could be extended by local administration of lido@RIG. 5. Deprotonation of lidocaine improved anesthetic effect because ROS were eliminated locally by RIG. 6. Local inflammation could be also suppressed by lido@RIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Master's School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Satellite Laboratory, International Center of Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan.
| | - Yutaro Mizukoshi
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Chitho P Feliciano
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Biomedical Research Section, Atomic Research Division, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology (PNRI-DOST), Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Kyungho Chang
- Department of Medical Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sekiyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi-Nakauchicho 5, Yamashinaku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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Hyodo F, Ito S, Eto H, Nakaji T, Yasukawa K, Kobayashi R, Utsumi H. Development of Redox Metabolic Imaging Using Endogenous Molecules. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2017; 136:1107-14. [PMID: 27477725 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.15-00234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Redox metabolism plays a central role in maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. The electron transfer system in mitochondria produces ATP via endogenous redox molecules such as flavin mononucleotide (FMN), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), which have flavin or quinone moieties. One-electron transfer reactions convert FMN, FAD, and CoQ10 to the free radical intermediates FMNH and FADH, and CoQ10H, respectively. Dynamic nuclear polarization-magnetic resonance imaging (DNP-MRI) allows us to visualize free radicals in vitro and in vivo. We present a spectroscopic imaging technology with DNP-MRI, which enables the imaging of multiple free radical intermediates such as FADH and CoQH. DNP-MRI can also identify various endogenous free radical intermediates derived from redox transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
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Khramtsov VV, Bobko AA, Tseytlin M, Driesschaert B. Exchange Phenomena in the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectra of the Nitroxyl and Trityl Radicals: Multifunctional Spectroscopy and Imaging of Local Chemical Microenvironment. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4758-4771. [PMID: 28363027 PMCID: PMC5513151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This Feature overviews the basic principles of using stable organic radicals involved in reversible exchange processes as functional paramagnetic probes. We demonstrate that these probes in combination with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)-based spectroscopy and imaging techniques provide analytical tools for quantitative mapping of critical parameters of local chemical microenvironment. The Feature is written to be understandable to people who are laymen to the EPR field in anticipation of future progress and broad application of these tools in biological systems, especially in vivo, over the next years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery V. Khramtsov
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Andrey A. Bobko
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Mark Tseytlin
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Benoit Driesschaert
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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Yang J, Cao Q, Hu WL, Ye RR, He L, Ji LN, Qin PZ, Mao ZW. Theranostic TEMPO-functionalized Ru(ii) complexes as photosensitizers and oxidative stress indicators. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:445-454. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04028d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New TEMPO-functionalized Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes displayed greatly improved PDT efficacy, capable of simultaneously monitoring cellular oxidative stress during photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Wei-Liang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Rui-Rong Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Peter Z. Qin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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Meenakumari V, Utsumi H, Jawahar A, Milton Franklin Benial A. ESR line width and line shape dependence of Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:874-879. [PMID: 27432403 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electron spin resonance and Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging studies were carried out for various concentrations of 14 N-labeled 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl in pure water. Overhauser-enhancement factor attains maxima in the range of 2.5-3 mm concentration. The leakage factor showed an asymptotic increase with increasing agent concentration. The coupling parameter showed the interaction between the electron and nuclear spins to be mainly dipolar in origin. The electron spin resonance parameters, such as the line width, line shape and g-factor, were determined. The line width analysis confirms that the line broadening is proportional to the agent concentration, and also the agent concentration is optimized in the range of 2.5-3 mm. The line shape analysis shows that the observed electron spin resonance line shape is a Voigt line shape, in which the Lorentzian component is dominant. The contribution of Lorentzian component was estimated using the winsim package. The Lorentzian component of the resonance line attains maxima in the range of 2.5-3 mm concentration. Therefore, this study reveals that the agent concentration, line width and Lorentzian component are the important factors in determining the Overhauser-enhancement factor. Hence, the agent concentration was optimized as 2.5-3 mm for in vivo/in vitro electron spin resonance imaging and Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging phantom studies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Meenakumari
- Department of Physics, NMSSVN College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Jawahar
- Department of Chemistry, NMSSVN College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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35
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Biller JR, Mitchell DG, Tseytlin M, Elajaili H, Rinard GA, Quine RW, Eaton SS, Eaton GR. Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27768025 DOI: 10.3791/54068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a superior method of 2D spectral-spatial imaging of stable radical reporter molecules at 250 MHz using rapid-scan electron-paramagnetic-resonance (RS-EPR), which can provide quantitative information under in vivo conditions on oxygen concentration, pH, redox status and concentration of signaling molecules (i.e., OH•, NO•). The RS-EPR technique has a higher sensitivity, improved spatial resolution (1 mm), and shorter acquisition time in comparison to the standard continuous wave (CW) technique. A variety of phantom configurations have been tested, with spatial resolution varying from 1 to 6 mm, and spectral width of the reporter molecules ranging from 16 µT (160 mG) to 5 mT (50 G). A cross-loop bimodal resonator decouples excitation and detection, reducing the noise, while the rapid scan effect allows more power to be input to the spin system before saturation, increasing the EPR signal. This leads to a substantially higher signal-to-noise ratio than in conventional CW EPR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Biller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver; Magnetic Imaging Group, Applied Physics Division, Physical Measurements Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology
| | | | - Mark Tseytlin
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth University; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University
| | - Hanan Elajaili
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver
| | - George A Rinard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver
| | | | - Sandra S Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver
| | - Gareth R Eaton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver;
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36
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Noninvasive mapping of the redox status of dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis using in vivo dynamic nuclear polarization-magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32604. [PMID: 27587186 PMCID: PMC5009327 DOI: 10.1038/srep32604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a chronic disorder caused by viral infection and/or metabolic, genetic and cholestatic disorders. A noninvasive procedure that enables the detection of liver fibrosis based on redox status would be useful for disease identification and monitoring, and the development of treatments. However, an appropriate technique has not been reported. This study describes a novel method for assessing the redox status of the liver using in vivo dynamic nuclear polarization-magnetic resonance imaging (DNP-MRI) with the nitroxyl radical carbamoyl-PROXYL as a molecular imaging probe, which was tested in dimethylnitrosamine-treated mice as a model of liver fibrosis. Based on the pharmacokinetics of carbamoyl-PROXYL in control livers, reduction rate mapping was performed in fibrotic livers. Reduction rate maps demonstrated a clear difference between the redox status of control and fibrotic livers according to the expression of antioxidants. These findings indicate that in vivo DNP-MRI with a nitroxyl radical probe enables noninvasive detection of changes in liver redox status.
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Takeshita K, Okazaki S, Hirose Y. Pharmacokinetics of lipophilically different 3-substituted 2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl radicals frequently used as redox probes in in vivo magnetic resonance studies. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:263-273. [PMID: 27302159 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
3-Carboxy-, 3-carbamoyl-, 3-hydroxymethyl, and 3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl radicals (CxP, CmP, HMP, and MCP, respectively) have been widely used as redox probes in in vivo magnetic resonance studies. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of these probes is essential for redox analyses. The apparent partition coefficient (Kp) of these probes at neutral pH was in the order of MCP>HMP>CmP>CxP. After these probes had been injected intravenously, their blood levels decayed in a bi-phasic manner, namely, fast decay followed by slow decay. The order of the area under the curve (AUC) was CxP»HMP>MCP≥CmP, which roughly coincided with that of Kp in the opposite direction, except for CmP. Decay in the slow phase largely affected the AUC of these probes. The reduction of these probes contributed to their decay in the slow phase. A two-compartment model analysis of blood levels, cyclic voltammetry, and magnetic resonance imaging provided the following pharmacokinetic information. The distribution of the probes between the central and peripheral compartments rapidly reached an equilibrium. In addition to lipophilicity, reduction potential may also be involved in the rate of in vivo reduction of the probes. Hydrophilic probes, such as CxP and CmP, were predominantly excreted in the urine. MCP was distributed to the peripheral tissues and then rapidly reduced. HMP was unique due to its moderate lipophilicity and slower reduction. Among the probes examined, the liver and kidney appear to be included in the central compartment in the two-compartment model analysis. MCP and HMP were rapidly distributed to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Takeshita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
| | - Shoko Okazaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Yuriko Hirose
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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38
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Sonoda N, Inoguchi T, Minami Y, Hyodo F, Ichikawa K, Yamato M, Utsumi H, Takayanagi R. Evaluation of Brain Redox Status and Its Association with Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Animal Models by Redox Molecular Imaging (ReMI). YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2016; 136:1081-6. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.15-00234-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Sonoda
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Toyoshi Inoguchi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Yohei Minami
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | | | - Mayumi Yamato
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Ryoichi Takayanagi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
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39
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Maulucci G, Bačić G, Bridal L, Schmidt HH, Tavitian B, Viel T, Utsumi H, Yalçın AS, De Spirito M. Imaging Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Modifications in Living Systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:939-58. [PMID: 27139586 PMCID: PMC4900226 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) may regulate signaling, ion channels, transcription factors, and biosynthetic processes. ROS-related diseases can be due to either a shortage or an excess of ROS. RECENT ADVANCES Since the biological activity of ROS depends on not only concentration but also spatiotemporal distribution, real-time imaging of ROS, possibly in vivo, has become a need for scientists, with potential for clinical translation. New imaging techniques as well as new contrast agents in clinically established modalities were developed in the previous decade. CRITICAL ISSUES An ideal imaging technique should determine ROS changes with high spatio-temporal resolution, detect physiologically relevant variations in ROS concentration, and provide specificity toward different redox couples. Furthermore, for in vivo applications, bioavailability of sensors, tissue penetration, and a high signal-to-noise ratio are additional requirements to be satisfied. FUTURE DIRECTIONS None of the presented techniques fulfill all requirements for clinical translation. The obvious way forward is to incorporate anatomical and functional imaging into a common hybrid-imaging platform. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 24, 939-958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maulucci
- 1 Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Roma, Italy
| | - Goran Bačić
- 2 Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lori Bridal
- 3 Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Sorbonne Universités and UPMC Univ Paris 06 and CNRS and INSERM , Paris, France
| | - Harald Hhw Schmidt
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine, CARIM, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Science, Maastricht University , Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bertrand Tavitian
- 5 Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Viel
- 5 Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- 6 Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Süha Yalçın
- 7 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University , İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Marco De Spirito
- 1 Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Roma, Italy
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40
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Ito S, Hyodo F. Dynamic nuclear polarization-magnetic resonance imaging at low ESR irradiation frequency for ascorbyl free radicals. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21407. [PMID: 26892591 PMCID: PMC4759784 DOI: 10.1038/srep21407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly water-soluble ubiquinone-0 (CoQ0) reacts with ascorbate monoanion (Asc) to mediate the production of ascorbyl free radicals (AFR). Using aqueous reaction mixture of CoQ0 and Asc, we obtained positively enhanced dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-magnetic resonance (MR) images of the AFR at low frequency (ranging from 515 to 530 MHz) of electron spin resonance (ESR) irradiation. The shape of the determined DNP spectrum was similar to ESR absorption spectra with doublet spectral peaks. The relative locational relationship of spectral peaks in the DNP spectra between the AFR (520 and 525 MHz), 14N-labeled carbamoyl-PROXYL (14N-CmP) (526.5 MHz), and Oxo63 (522 MHz) was different from that in the X-band ESR spectra, but were similar to that in the 300-MHz ESR spectra. The ratio of DNP enhancement to radical concentration for the AFR was higher than those for 14N-CmP, Oxo63, and flavin semiquinone radicals. The spectroscopic DNP properties observed for the AFR were essentially the same as those for AFR mediated by pyrroloquinoline quinone. Moreover, we made a success of in vivo DNP-MR imaging of the CoQ0-mediated AFR which was administered by the subcutaneous and oral injections as an imaging probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Ito
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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41
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Eto H, Hyodo F, Kosem N, Kobayashi R, Yasukawa K, Nakao M, Kiniwa M, Utsumi H. Redox imaging of skeletal muscle using in vivo DNP-MRI and its application to an animal model of local inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:1097-104. [PMID: 26505925 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.10.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of skeletal muscle are often associated with inflammation and alterations in redox status. A non-invasive technique that could localize and evaluate the severity of skeletal muscle inflammation based on its redox environment would be useful for disease identification and monitoring, and for the development of treatments; however, no such technique currently exists. We describe a method for redox imaging of skeletal muscle using dynamic nuclear polarization magnetic resonance imaging (DNP-MRI), and apply this method to an animal model of local inflammation. Female C57/BL6 mice received injections of 0.5% bupivacaine into their gastrocnemius muscles. Plasma biomarkers, myeloperoxidase activity, and histological sections were assessed at 4 and 24h after bupivacaine injection to measure the inflammatory response. In vivo DNP-MRI was performed with the nitroxyl radicals carbamoyl-PROXYL (cell permeable) and carboxy-PROXYL (cell impermeable) as molecular imaging probes at 4 and 24h after bupivacaine administration. The images obtained after carbamoyl-PROXYL administration were confirmed with the results of L-band EPR spectroscopy. The plasma biomarkers, myeloperoxidase activity, and histological findings indicated that bupivacaine injection caused acute muscle damage and inflammation. DNP-MRI images of mice treated with carbamoyl-PROXYL or carboxy-PROXYL at 4 and 24h after bupivacaine injection showed similar increases in image intensity and decay rate was significantly increased at 24h. In addition, reduction rates in individual mice at 4h and 24h showed faster trends with bupivacaine injection than in their contralateral sides by image-based analysis. These findings indicate that in vivo DNP-MRI with nitroxyl radicals can non-invasively detect changes in the focal redox status of muscle resulting from locally-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinako Eto
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan.
| | - Nutavutt Kosem
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Ryoma Kobayashi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Keiji Yasukawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan; Drug Innovation Research Center, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Japan
| | - Motonao Nakao
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Division of Metabolomics, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kiniwa
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Japan
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42
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Matsumoto KI, Yamasaki T, Nakamura M, Ishikawa J, Ueno M, Nakanishi I, Sekita A, Ozawa Y, Kamada T, Aoki I, Yamada KI. Brain contrasting ability of blood-brain-barrier-permeable nitroxyl contrast agents for magnetic resonance redox imaging. Magn Reson Med 2015; 76:935-45. [PMID: 26414669 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The detailed in vivo T1 -weighted contrasting abilities of nitroxyl contrast agents, which have been used as redox responsive contrast agents in several magnetic resonance-based imaging modalities, in mouse brain were investigated. METHODS Distribution and pharmacokinetics of five types of five-membered-ring nitroxyl radical compound were compared using T1 -weighted MRI. RESULTS The blood-brain barrier (BBB) -impermeable 3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl (CxP) could not be distributed in the brain. The slightly lipophilic 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl (CmP) showed slight distribution only in the ventricle, but not in the medulla and cortex. The amphiphilic 3-methoxy-carbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-N-oxyl (MCP) had good initial uniform distribution in the brain and showed typical 2-phase signal decay profiles. A brain-seeking nitroxyl probe, acetoxymethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-N-oxyl-3-carboxylate (CxP-AM), showed an accumulating phase, and then its accumulation was maintained in the medulla and ventricle regions, but not in the cortex. The lipophilic 4-(N-methyl piperidine)-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrroline-N-oxyl (23c) was well distributed in the cortex and medulla, but slightly in the ventricle, and showed relatively rapid linear signal decay. CONCLUSION Nitroxyl contrast agents equipped with a suitable lipophilic substitution group could be BBB-permeable functional contrast agents. MR redox imaging, which can estimate not only the redox characteristics but also the detailed distribution of the contrast agents, is a good candidate for a theranostic tool. Magn Reson Med 76:935-945, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Matsumoto
- Radio-Redox-Response Research Team, Advanced Particle Radiation Biology Research Program, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamasaki
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mizuki Nakamura
- Radio-Redox-Response Research Team, Advanced Particle Radiation Biology Research Program, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junji Ishikawa
- Translational Research Group, Health Science Research Center, FANCL Research Institute, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Megumi Ueno
- Radio-Redox-Response Research Team, Advanced Particle Radiation Biology Research Program, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ikuo Nakanishi
- Radio-Redox-Response Research Team, Advanced Particle Radiation Biology Research Program, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aiko Sekita
- Multimodal Molecular Imaging Team, Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ozawa
- Multimodal Molecular Imaging Team, Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kamada
- Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.,Research Center Hospital, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Multimodal Molecular Imaging Team, Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Bio-functional Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
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43
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Kumara Dhas M, Utsumi H, Jawahar A, Milton Franklin Benial A. Dynamic nuclear polarization properties of nitroxyl radical in high viscous liquid using Overhauser-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (OMRI). JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 257:32-38. [PMID: 26047309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) studies were carried out for (15)N labeled carbamoyl-PROXYL in pure water and pure water/glycerol mixtures of different viscosities (1.8cP, 7cP and 14cP). The dependence of DNP parameters was demonstrated over a range of agent concentration, viscosities, RF power levels and ESR irradiation time. DNP spectra were also recorded for 2mM concentration of (15)N labeled carbamoyl-PROXYL in pure water and pure water/glycerol mixtures of different viscosities. The DNP factors were measured as a function of ESR irradiation time, which increases linearly up to 2mM agent concentration in pure water and pure water/glycerol mixtures of different viscosities. The DNP factor started declining in the higher concentration region (∼3mM), which is due to the ESR line width broadening. The water proton spin-lattice relaxation time was measured at very low Zeeman field (14.529mT). The increased DNP factor (35%) was observed for solvent 2 (η=1.8cP) compared with solvent 1 (η=1cP). The increase in the DNP factor was brought about by the shortening of water proton spin-lattice relaxation time of solvent 2. The decreased DNP factors (30% and 53%) were observed for solvent 3 (η=7cP) and solvent 4 (η=14cP) compared with solvent 2, which is mainly due to the low value of coupling parameter in high viscous liquid samples. The longitudinal relaxivity, leakage factor and coupling parameter were estimated. The coupling parameter values reveal that the dipolar interaction as the major mechanism. The longitudinal relaxivity increases with the increasing viscosity of pure water/glycerol mixtures. The leakage factor showed an asymptotic increase with the increasing agent concentration. It is envisaged that the results reported here may provide guidelines for the design of new viscosity prone nitroxyl radicals, suited to the biological applications of DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kumara Dhas
- Department of Physics, NMSSVN College, Nagamalai, Madurai 625 019, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - A Jawahar
- Department of Chemistry, NMSSVN College, Nagamalai, Madurai 625 019, Tamil Nadu, India
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Barzegar Amiri Olia M, Schiesser CH, Taylor MK. New reagents for detecting free radicals and oxidative stress. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:6757-66. [PMID: 25053503 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01172d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Free radicals and oxidative stress play important roles in the deterioration of materials, and free radicals are important intermediates in many biological processes. The ability to detect these reactive species is a key step on the road to their understanding and ultimate control. This short review highlights recent progress in the development of reagents for the detection of free radicals and reactive oxygen species with broad application to materials science as well as biology.
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Shinji Ito
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
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46
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Paley M, Kaka S, Hilliard H, Zaytsev A, Bucur A, Reynolds S, Liu W, Milne E, Cook G. Advanced fMRI and the Brain Computer Interface. BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10978-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Utsumi H, Hyodo F. Free Radical Imaging Using In Vivo Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-MRI. Methods Enzymol 2015; 564:553-71. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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48
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Sowers MA, McCombs JR, Wang Y, Paletta JT, Morton SW, Dreaden EC, Boska MD, Ottaviani MF, Hammond PT, Rajca A, Johnson JA. Redox-responsive branched-bottlebrush polymers for in vivo MRI and fluorescence imaging. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5460. [PMID: 25403521 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive multimodality imaging agents have broad potential in medical diagnostics. Herein, we report the development of a new class of branched-bottlebrush polymer dual-modality organic radical contrast agents--ORCAFluors--for combined magnetic resonance and near-infrared fluorescence imaging in vivo. These nitroxide radical-based nanostructures have longitudinal and transverse relaxation times that are on par with commonly used heavy-metal-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Furthermore, these materials display a unique compensatory redox response: fluorescence is partially quenched by surrounding nitroxides in the native state; exposure to ascorbate or ascorbate/glutathione leads to nitroxide reduction and a concomitant 2- to 3.5-fold increase in fluorescence emission. This behaviour enables correlation of MRI contrast, fluorescence intensity and spin concentration with tissues known to possess high concentrations of ascorbate in mice. Our in vitro and in vivo results, along with our modular synthetic approach, make ORCAFluors a promising new platform for multimodality molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Sowers
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jessica R McCombs
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Joseph T Paletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Stephen W Morton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Erik C Dreaden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michael D Boska
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - M Francesca Ottaviani
- Department of Earth, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino, Loc. Corcicchia, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Danhier P, Gallez B. Electron paramagnetic resonance: a powerful tool to support magnetic resonance imaging research. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:266-81. [PMID: 25362845 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the areas where electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has provided unique information to MRI developments. The field of application mainly encompasses the EPR characterization of MRI paramagnetic contrast agents (gadolinium and manganese chelates, nitroxides) and superparamagnetic agents (iron oxide particles). The combined use of MRI and EPR has also been used to qualify or disqualify sources of contrast in MRI. Illustrative examples are presented with attempts to qualify oxygen sensitive contrast (i.e. T1 - and T2 *-based methods), redox status or melanin content in tissues. Other areas are likely to benefit from the combined EPR/MRI approach, namely cell tracking studies. Finally, the combination of EPR and MRI studies on the same models provides invaluable data regarding tissue oxygenation, hemodynamics and energetics. Our description will be illustrative rather than exhaustive to give to the readers a flavour of 'what EPR can do for MRI'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Danhier
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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50
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Hughes BK, Braunecker WA, Ferguson AJ, Kemper TW, Larsen RE, Gennett T. Quenching of the Perylene Fluorophore by Stable Nitroxide Radical-Containing Macromolecules. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:12541-8. [PMID: 25329883 DOI: 10.1021/jp506240j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K. Hughes
- Chemical and Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Wade A. Braunecker
- Chemical and Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andrew J. Ferguson
- Chemical and Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Travis W. Kemper
- Chemical and Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ross E. Larsen
- Chemical and Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Thomas Gennett
- Chemical and Materials
Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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