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Shaghaghi M, Damen FC, Li W, Tai LM, Cai K. Induced saturation transfer recovery steady states (iSTRESS) for proton exchange rate mapping with CEST MRI, a preliminary study. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 109:264-270. [PMID: 38522624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Proton exchange underpins essential mechanisms in diverse MR imaging contrasts. Omega plots have proven effective in mapping proton exchange rates (kex) in live human brains, enabling the differentiation of MS lesion activities and characterization of ischemic stroke. However, Omega plots require extended saturation durations (typically 5 to 10 s), resulting in high specific absorption rates (SAR) that can hinder clinical feasibility. In this study, we introduce a novel kex mapping approach, named induced Saturation Transfer Recovery Steady-States (iSTRESS). iSTRESS integrates an excitation flip angle pulse prior to chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) saturation, effectively aligning the magnetization with its steady-state value. This innovation reduces saturation times and mitigates SAR concerns. The formula for iSTRESS-based kex quantification was derived theoretically, involving two measurements with distinct excitation flip angles and saturation B1 values. Bloch-McConnell simulations confirmed that iSTRESS-based kex values closely matched input values (R2 > 0.99). An iSTRESS MRI sequence was implemented on a 9.4 T preclinical MRI, imaging protein phantoms with pH values ranging from 6.2 to 7.4 (n = 4). Z-spectra were acquired using excitation flip angles of 30° and 60°, followed by CEST saturation at powers of 30 and 120 Hz respectively, with a total saturation time of <1 s, resulting in two iSTRESS states for kex mapping. kex maps derived from the phantom study exhibited a linear correlation (R2 > 0.99) with Omega plot results. The developed iSTRESS method allows for kex quantification with significantly reduced saturation times, effectively minimizing SAR concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Frederick C Damen
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Leon M Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Shaghaghi M, Cai K. Analytical solution of the Bloch-McConnell equations for steady-state CEST Z-spectra. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 109:74-82. [PMID: 38430977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To derive an analytic expression for the steady-state Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) Z-spectra of a two-pool proton-exchanging system, facilitating simulations and expedited fitting of steady-state Z-spectra. METHOD The analytical expression is derived by directly solving the set of Bloch-McConnell differential equations in matrix form for a two-pool exchanging system, determining water magnetization under steady-state saturation across the entire Z-spectrum. The analytic solution is compared and validated against the numerical solution of Bloch-McConnell equations under prolonged saturation. The study also explores the line shape of a CEST peak, interpolating under-sampled Z-spectra, and Z-spectral fitting in the presence of noise. RESULTS The derived analytic solution accurately reproduces spectra obtained through numerical solutions. Direct fitting of simulated CEST spectra with the analytical solution yields the physical parameters of the exchanging system. The study shows that the analytical solution enables the reproduction of fully sampled spectra from sparsely sampled Z-spectra. Additionally, it confirms the approximation of the CEST spectrum of a single exchanging proton species with a Lorentzian function. Monte Carlo simulations reveal that the accuracy and precision of Z-spectral fittings for physical parameters are significantly influenced by data noise. The study also derives and discusses the analytical solution for three-pool Z-spectra. CONCLUSION The derived analytic solution for steady state Z-spectra can be utilized for simulations and Z-spectrum fitting, significantly reducing fitting times compared to numerical methods employed for fitting CEST Z-spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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Song Y, Chen B, Zeng K, Cai K, Sun H, Liu D, Liu P, Xu G, Jiang G. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging of pancreas: Probing evidence of β-cell dysfunction in asymptomatic adults with hyperglycemia in vivo. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 108:161-167. [PMID: 38336114 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early evaluation of β-cell dysfunction of hyperglycemic patients in asymptomatic adults would be valuable for timely prevention of the diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate functional changes in the pancreas using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and determine whether it could be used as a non-invasive method of assessing β-cell dysfunction. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted from August 2022 to November 2022 in Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital. Three groups were enrolled and underwent IVIM-DWI: confirmed patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM); hyperglycemic patients in asymptomatic adults; and the volunteers with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Imaging parameters were obtained: apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), the true diffusion coefficient (Dt), the pseudo-diffusion coefficient (Dp), and the perfusion fraction (f). The β-cell function indexes were calculated from blood examinations: composite insulin sensitivity index (ISI), 60-min insulinogenic index (IGI60), and the disposition index (DI). We compared imaging parameters among three groups, calculated the diagnostic performance of them for differentiating different groups, and the reproducibility of them was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS The imaging parameters except f gradually decreased among the groups with significant differences for ADC (p < 0.0001), Dt (p < 0.0001), and Dp (p = 0.013). Dt demonstrated the best diagnostic performance for differentiating asymptomatic patients from NGT (Area Under Curve [AUC] = 0.815, p < 0.0001). IVIM-DWI parameters correlated with composite ISI and DI, of which, Dt has the highest correlation with DI (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] = 0.546, p < 0.0001). The ICC of IVIM-DWI parameters was very good, Dt was highest (Interobserver ICC = 0.938, 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.899-0.963; Intraobserver ICC = 0.941, 95% CI, 0.904-0.965). CONCLUSION IVIM-DWI is a non-invasive quantitative method that can identify β-cell dysfunction in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Song
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, College of Medicine, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, PR China; Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, #168 Xianggang Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, PR China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Department of diabetes and obesity reversal research center, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, PR China
| | - Kejing Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Department of diabetes and obesity reversal research center, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, PR China
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, College of Medicine, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Deqing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Department of diabetes and obesity reversal research center, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, College of Medicine, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, PR China.
| | - Gugen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Department of diabetes and obesity reversal research center, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, PR China.
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinan University Affiliated Guangdong Second General Hospital, College of Medicine, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, PR China.
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Marottoli FM, Zhang H, Flores-Barrera E, Artur de la Villarmois E, Damen FC, Miguelez Fernández AM, Blesson HV, Chaudhary R, Nguyen AL, Nwokeji AE, Talati R, John AS, Madadakere K, Lutz SE, Cai K, Tseng KY, Tai LM. Endothelial Cell APOE3 Regulates Neurovascular, Neuronal, and Behavioral Function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1952-1966. [PMID: 37650329 PMCID: PMC10521805 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specialized brain endothelial cells and human APOE3 are independently important for neurovascular function, yet whether APOE3 expression by endothelial cells contributes to brain function is currently unknown. In the present study, we determined whether the loss of endothelial cell APOE3 impacts brain vascular and neural function. METHODS We developed APOE3fl/fl/Cdh5(PAC)-CreERT2+/- (APOE3Cre+/-) and APOE3fl/fl/Cdh5(PAC)-CreERT2-/- (APOE3Cre-/-, control) mice and induced endothelial cell APOE3 knockdown with tamoxifen at ≈4 to 5 weeks of age. Neurovascular and neuronal function were evaluated by biochemistry, immunohistochemistry, behavioral testing, and electrophysiology at 9 months of age. RESULTS We found that the loss of endothelial APOE3 expression was sufficient to cause neurovascular dysfunction including higher permeability and lower vessel coverage in tandem with deficits in spatial memory and fear memory extinction and a disruption of cortical excitatory/inhibitory balance. CONCLUSIONS Our data collectively support the novel concept that endothelial APOE3 plays a critical role in the regulation of the neurovasculature, neural circuit function, and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felecia M. Marottoli
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Hui Zhang
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Eden Flores-Barrera
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Emilce Artur de la Villarmois
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | - Anabel M.M. Miguelez Fernández
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Hannah V. Blesson
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Rohan Chaudhary
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Anthony L. Nguyen
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Amanda E. Nwokeji
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Ruju Talati
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Ashwin S. John
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Kushi Madadakere
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Sarah E. Lutz
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Kejia Cai
- Radiology (F.C.D., K.C.), University of Illinois at Chicago
- Bioengineering (K.C.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Kuei Y. Tseng
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Leon M. Tai
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology (F.M.M., H.Z., E.F.-B., E.A.d.l.V., A.M.M.M.F., H.V.B., R.C., A.L.N., A.E.N., R.T., A.S.J., K.M., S.E.L., K.Y.T., L.M.T.), University of Illinois at Chicago
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Jiang S, Wen Z, Ahn SS, Cai K, Paech D, Eberhart CG, Zhou J. Applications of chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging in identifying genetic markers in gliomas. NMR Biomed 2023; 36:e4731. [PMID: 35297117 PMCID: PMC10557022 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is an important molecular magnetic resonance imaging technique that can image numerous low-concentration biomolecules with water-exchangeable protons (such as cellular proteins) and tissue pH. CEST, or more specially amide proton transfer-weighted imaging, has been widely used for the detection, diagnosis, and response assessment of brain tumors, and its feasibility in identifying molecular markers in gliomas has also been explored in recent years. In this paper, after briefing on the basic principles and quantification methods of CEST imaging, we review its early applications in identifying isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation status, MGMT methylation status, 1p/19q deletion status, and H3K27M mutation status in gliomas. Finally, we discuss the limitations or weaknesses in these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jiang
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhibo Wen
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel Paech
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinic for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jinyuan Zhou
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Li J, Zhu X, Oberdier MT, Lee C, Lin S, Fink SJ, Justice CN, Qin K, Begeman AW, Damen FC, Kim H, Chen J, Cai K, Halperin HR, Vanden Hoek TL. A cell-penetrating PHLPP peptide improves cardiac arrest survival in murine and swine models. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:164283. [PMID: 37115695 PMCID: PMC10145924 DOI: 10.1172/jci164283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death in the US, with a mortality rate over 90%. Preclinical studies demonstrate that cooling during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is highly beneficial, but can be challenging to implement clinically. No medications exist for improving long-term cardiac arrest survival. We have developed a 20-amino acid peptide, TAT-PHLPP9c, that mimics cooling protection by enhancing AKT activation via PH domain leucine-rich repeat phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) inhibition. Complementary studies were conducted in mouse and swine. C57BL/6 mice were randomized into blinded saline control and peptide-treatment groups. Following a 12-minute asystolic arrest, TAT-PHLPP9c was administered intravenously during CPR and significantly improved the return of spontaneous circulation, mean arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow, cardiac and neurological function, and survival (4 hour and 5 day). It inhibited PHLPP-NHERF1 binding, enhanced AKT but not PKC phosphorylation, decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation and sorbitol production, and increased ATP generation in heart and brain. TAT-PHLPP9c treatment also reduced plasma taurine and glutamate concentrations after resuscitation. The protective benefit of TAT-PHLPP9c was validated in a swine cardiac arrest model of ventricular fibrillation. In conclusion, TAT-PHLPP9c may improve neurologically intact cardiac arrest survival without the need for physical cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Matt T Oberdier
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chunpei Lee
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shaoxia Lin
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah J Fink
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cody N Justice
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew W Begeman
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Hajwa Kim
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine
| | - Henry R Halperin
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Terry L Vanden Hoek
- Center for Advanced Resuscitation Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Li YF, Zhang JH, Gan H, Zhang KC, Cai K, Liu W, Luo SN, Jiang HL, Jin B, Zhao LB, Sun K. [Related factors of negative conversion time of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:256-260. [PMID: 36849354 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20221023-00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the related factors of negative conversion time (NCT) of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 225 children who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to Changxing Branch of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 3rd to May 31st 2022 were enrolled in the study. The infection age, gender, viral load, basic disease, clinical symptoms and information of accompanying caregivers were retrospectively analyzed. According to age, the children were divided into<3 years of age group and 3-<18 years of age group. According to the viral nucleic acid test results, the children were divided into positive accompanying caregiver group and negative accompanying caregiver group. Comparisons between groups were performed using Mann-Whitney U test or Chi-square test. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of NCT of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19. Results: Among the 225 patients (120 boys and 105 girls) of age 2.8 (1.3, 6.2) years, 119 children <3 years and 106 children 3-<18 years of age, 19 cases were diagnosed with moderate COVID-19, and the other 206 cases were diagnosed with mild COVID-19. There were 141 patients in the positive accompanying caregiver group and 84 patients in the negative accompanying caregiver group.Patients 3-<18 years of age had a shorter NCT (5 (3, 7) vs.7 (4, 9) d, Z=-4.17, P<0.001) compared with patients <3 years of age. Patients in the negative accompanying caregiver group had a shorter NCT (5 (3, 7) vs.6 (4, 9) d,Z=-2.89,P=0.004) compared with patients in the positive accompanying caregiver group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that anorexia was associated with NCT of nucleic acid (OR=3.74,95%CI 1.69-8.31, P=0.001). Conclusion: Accompanying caregiver with positive nucleic acid test may prolong NCT of nucleic acid, and decreased appetite may be associated with prolonged NCT of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Li
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology and Immunology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - H Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - K C Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - K Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - W Liu
- Department of Pediatric Heart Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - S N Luo
- Jinglang Senior Expert Clinic, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - H L Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Changxing Branch of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201913, China
| | - B Jin
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - L B Zhao
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - K Sun
- Department of Pediatric Heart Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Liao H, Cai Z, Ye H, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Shaghaghi M, Lutz SE, Chen W, Cai K. Combining in vivo proton exchange rate ( k ex) MRI with quantitative susceptibility mapping to further stratify the gadolinium-negative multiple sclerosis lesions. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1105376. [PMID: 36711150 PMCID: PMC9875136 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Conventional gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced MRI is currently used for stratifying the lesion activity of multiple sclerosis (MS) despite limited correlation with disability and disease activity. The stratification of MS lesion activity needs further improvement to better support clinics. Purpose To investigate if the novel proton exchange rate (k ex ) MRI combined with quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) may help to further stratify non-enhanced (Gd-negative) MS lesions. Materials and methods From December 2017 to December 2020, clinically diagnosed relapsing-remitting MS patients who underwent MRI were consecutively enrolled in this IRB-approved retrospective study. The customized MRI protocol covered conventional T2-weighted, T2-fluid-attenuated-inversion-recovery, pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted imaging, and quantitative sequences, including k ex MRI based on direct-saturation removed omega plots and QSM. Each MS lesion was evaluated based on its Gd-enhancement as well as its susceptibility and k ex elevation compared to the normal appearing white matter. The difference and correlation concerning lesion characteristics and imaging contrasts were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman rank analysis with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results A total of 322 MS lesions from 30 patients were identified with 153 Gd-enhanced and 169 non-enhanced lesions. We found that the k ex elevation of all lesions significantly correlated with their susceptibility elevation (r = 0.30, p < 0.001). Within the 153 MS lesions with Gd-enhancement, ring-enhanced lesions showed higher k ex elevation than the nodular-enhanced ones' (p < 0.001). Similarly, lesions with ring-hyperintensity in QSM also had higher k ex elevation than the lesions with nodular-QSM-hyperintensity (p < 0.001). Of the 169 Gd-negative lesions, three radiological patterns were recognized according to lesion manifestations on the k ex map and QSM images: Pattern I (k ex + and QSM+, n = 114, 67.5%), Pattern II (only k ex + or QSM+, n = 47, 27.8%) and Pattern III (k ex - and QSM-, n = 8, 4.7%). Compared to Pattern II and III, Pattern I had higher k ex (p < 0.001) and susceptibility (p < 0.05) elevation. The percentage of Pattern I of each subject was negatively correlated with the disease duration (r = -0.45, p = 0.015). Conclusion As a potential imaging biomarker for inflammation due to oxidative stress, in vivo k ex MRI combined with QSM is promising in extending the clinical classification of MS lesions beyond conventional Gd-enhanced MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Liao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zimeng Cai
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqi Ye
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Radiology, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - QianLan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sarah E. Lutz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Weiwei Chen,
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, United States
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Peng M, Liu Y, Jia X, Wu Y, Zou X, Ke M, Cai K, Zhang L, Lu D, Xu A. Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults in the United States: The NHANES 2011-2014. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:479-486. [PMID: 37357333 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress level takes part in the development of cognitive decline. However, the association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) from diet and cognitive function is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TAC and the cognitive function of older adults in the U.S. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys database. PARTICIPANTS 2712 older adults aged over 60 years. MEASUREMENTS TAC was calculated from 8 antioxidative vitamins based on the reference values for vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity obtained from individuals' 24 h dietary recall. Four memory-related assessments were employed [Immediate Recall test (IRT), Delayed Recall test (DRT), Animal Fluency test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST)]. RESULTS Among the 2712 participants, the median age was 68 years, and 50.4% were women. Participants in the group with higher TAC levels had relatively higher IRT, AFT and DSST scores (P=0.025, P=0.008, P<0.001, respectively). In adjusted weighted linear regression, log-transformed TAC was positively associated with AFT (β=1.10, 95%CI: 0.51, 1.70) and DSST (β=2.81, 95%CI: 1.16, 4.45). Compared with the first quartile, the participants in the second (Q2 vs. Q1, OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.43,1.02) and fourth quartile (Q4 vs. Q1, OR=0.47, 95%CI:0.28, 0.78) of log-transformed TAC showed a decreased risk of impaired cognitive function (ICF) after adjusting for confounders. The dose-response analysis indicated a gradual descent in the risk of ICF as TAC increases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) mediated part of the effect of TAC on ICF. The relationship between TAC and ICF was more pronounced in subjects with DM (Q4 vs Q1, OR=0.36, 95%CI:0.17, 0.74). CONCLUSION Our findings support that higher dietary antioxidant potential was related to a decreased risk of cognitive dysfunction, particularly in the subjects with DM who may have oxidative injury. DM was one of the factors mediating the effect of TAC on ICF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peng
- Anding Xu, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China, ; Dan Lu, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong Province, China,
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10
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Wu YL, Zhou Q, Pan Y, Yang X, Zhao Y, Han G, Pang Q, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Yao J, Wang H, Yang W, Liu B, Chen Q, Du X, Cai K, Li B, Shuang J, Song L, Shi W. LBA5 A phase II study of neoadjuvant SHR-1701 with or without chemotherapy (chemo) followed by surgery or radiotherapy (RT) in stage III unresectable NSCLC (uNSCLC). Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Zhou Y, Wang Z, Shaghaghi M, Zhang G, Zhu H, Wu D, Lu J, Yan S, Zhang S, Li L, Li J, Cai K, Zhu W. Proton exchange rate of chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI constructed from direct saturation-removed omega plots to improve the assessment of patients with ischemic stroke. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:4865-4874. [PMID: 36185041 PMCID: PMC9511421 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Proton exchange rate (kex) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently been developed, with preliminary results demonstrating its potential for evaluating reactive oxygen species. This prospective cohort study investigated the kex in different stroke stages and its correlation with stroke severity and prognosis. Methods In all, 96 ischemic stroke patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on stroke phase (acute, subacute, and chronic). A spin echo-echo planar imaging sequence with presaturation powers of 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 µT was implemented to obtain Z-spectra, and kex maps were constructed from direct saturation-removed omega plots. Relative kex (rkex) and the relative apparent diffusion coefficient (rADC) were calculated as the ratio of kex or ADC in the infarcts to values in contralateral tissue, respectively. Correlations between both kex and rkex and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the performance of kex, rkex, rADC, and lesion volume for predicting acute stroke outcome. Results The kex was significantly higher in ischemic lesions than in contralateral tissue at all stages. In addition, the kex of acute lesions was higher than that of subacute and chronic lesions [mean (± SD) 935.1±81.5 vs. 881.4±55.7 and 866.9±76.7 s–1, respectively; P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively]. The difference in kex between subacute and chronic lesions was not significant. In acute stroke, there was a limited correlation between a lesion’s kex and NIHSS score (R2=0.16; P=0.01) and between rkex and NIHSS score (R2=0.28; P=0.001). Acute stroke patients with poor prognosis had significantly higher lesion kex and rkex than did those with good prognosis (kex: 991.1±78.2 vs. 893.1±55.1 s–1, P<0.001; rkex: 1.28±0.09 vs. 1.15±0.06, P<0.001). In ROC analyses, kex and rkex showed favorable predictive performance for acute stroke outcome, with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.837 and 0.880, respectively, which were slightly but not significantly higher than the AUCs for lesion volume (0.730) and rADC (0.673). Conclusions This study indicates that kex MRI is promising for the diagnosis and management of ischemic stroke because it can reflect the oxidative stress of lesions and predict prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenxiong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guiling Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Shaghaghi M, Cai K. Toward In Vivo MRI of the Tissue Proton Exchange Rate in Humans. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:bios12100815. [PMID: 36290953 PMCID: PMC9599426 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of proton exchange rate (kex) is a challenge in MR studies. Current techniques either have low resolutions or are dependent on the estimation of parameters that are not measurable. The Omega plot method, on the other hand, provides a direct way for determining kex independent of the agent concentration. However, it cannot be used for in vivo studies without some modification due to the contributions from the water signal. In vivo tissue proton exchange rate (kex) MRI, based on the direct saturation (DS) removed Omega plot, quantifies the weighted average of kex of the endogenous tissue metabolites. This technique has been successfully employed for imaging the variation in the kex of ex vivo phantoms, as well as in vivo human brains in healthy subjects, and stroke or multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In this paper, we present a brief review of the methods used for kex imaging with a focus on the development of in vivo kex MRI technique based on the DS-removed Omega plot. We then review the recent clinical studies utilizing this technique for better characterizing brain lesions. We also outline technical challenges for the presented technique and discuss its prospects for detecting tissue microenvironmental changes under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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13
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Zhou J, Zaiss M, Knutsson L, Sun PZ, Ahn SS, Aime S, Bachert P, Blakeley JO, Cai K, Chappell MA, Chen M, Gochberg DF, Goerke S, Heo HY, Jiang S, Jin T, Kim SG, Laterra J, Paech D, Pagel MD, Park JE, Reddy R, Sakata A, Sartoretti-Schefer S, Sherry AD, Smith SA, Stanisz GJ, Sundgren PC, Togao O, Vandsburger M, Wen Z, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Zu Z, van Zijl PCM. Review and consensus recommendations on clinical APT-weighted imaging approaches at 3T: Application to brain tumors. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:546-574. [PMID: 35452155 PMCID: PMC9321891 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) MR imaging shows promise as a biomarker of brain tumor status. Currently used APTw MRI pulse sequences and protocols vary substantially among different institutes, and there are no agreed-on standards in the imaging community. Therefore, the results acquired from different research centers are difficult to compare, which hampers uniform clinical application and interpretation. This paper reviews current clinical APTw imaging approaches and provides a rationale for optimized APTw brain tumor imaging at 3 T, including specific recommendations for pulse sequences, acquisition protocols, and data processing methods. We expect that these consensus recommendations will become the first broadly accepted guidelines for APTw imaging of brain tumors on 3 T MRI systems from different vendors. This will allow more medical centers to use the same or comparable APTw MRI techniques for the detection, characterization, and monitoring of brain tumors, enabling multi-center trials in larger patient cohorts and, ultimately, routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Zhou
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Moritz Zaiss
- Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Linda Knutsson
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Phillip Zhe Sun
- Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Silvio Aime
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Peter Bachert
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael A Chappell
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences and Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel F Gochberg
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Physics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steffen Goerke
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hye-Young Heo
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - John Laterra
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Paech
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinic for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mark D Pagel
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Advance Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Akihiko Sakata
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - A Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center and Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Seth A Smith
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Greg J Stanisz
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pia C Sundgren
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology/Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Osamu Togao
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Zhibo Wen
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongliang Zu
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peter C M van Zijl
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Scotti AM, Damen F, Gao J, Li W, Liew CW, Cai Z, Zhang Z, Cai K. Phase-independent thermometry by Z-spectrum MR imaging. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:1731-1741. [PMID: 34752646 PMCID: PMC10029969 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Z-spectrum imaging, defined as the consecutive collection of images after saturating over a range of frequency offsets, has been recently proposed as a method to measure the fat-water fraction by the simultaneous detection of fat and water resonances. By incorporating a binomial pulse irradiated at each offset before the readout, the spectral selectivity of the sequence can be further amplified, making it possible to monitor the subtle proton resonance frequency shift that follows a change in temperature. METHODS We tested the hypothesis in aqueous and cream phantoms and in healthy mice, all under thermal challenge. The binomial module consisted of 2 sinc-shaped pulses of opposite phase separated by a delay. Such a delay served to spread out off-resonance spins, with the resulting excitation profile being a periodic function of the delay and the chemical shift. RESULTS During heating experiments, the water resonance shifted downfield, and by fitting the curve to a sine function it was possible to quantify the change in temperature. Results from Z-spectrum imaging correlated linearly with data from conventional MRI techniques like T1 mapping and phase differences from spoiled GRE. CONCLUSION Because the measurement is performed solely on magnitude images, the technique is independent of phase artifacts and is therefore applicable in mixed tissues (e.g., fat). We showed that Z-spectrum imaging can deliver reliable temperature change measurement in both muscular and fatty tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro M. Scotti
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Frederick Damen
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chong Wee Liew
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zimeng Cai
- School of Medical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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15
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Vigneswaran H, Uyanik M, Xie K, Macias V, Balla A, Magin R, Cai K, Damen F, Zhou X, Gann P, Abern M. Biparametric quantitative MRI for prostate cancer detection. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Cai Z, Tao Q, Scotti A, Yi P, Feng Y, Cai K. Early detection of increased marrow adiposity with age in rats using Z-spectral MRI at ultra-high field (7 T). NMR Biomed 2022; 35:e4633. [PMID: 34658086 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the drive towards high-field MRI is fueled by the pursuit of higher signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, and imaging speed. However, high field strength is associated with field inhomogeneity, acceleration of T2 * decay, and increased chemical shift, which may pose challenges to conventional MRI for fat quantification in complex tissues such as bone marrow. With proton MRI spectroscopy (1 H-MRS), on the other hand, it is difficult to produce high resolution. As a novel alternative fat quantification method, high-resolution Z-spectral MRI (ZS-MRI) can achieve fat quantification by acquiring direct saturated images of both fat and water under the same TE , which may be less affected by T2 * decay and field inhomogeneity. PURPOSE To demonstrate ZS-MRI for marrow adipose tissue (MAT) quantification in rat's lumbar spine and the early detection of MAT changes with age. METHODS The accuracy of ZS-MRI for fat quantification at ultra-high-field MRI (7 T) was verified with MRS and conventional Dixon MRI in water-oil mixed phantoms with varying fat fraction (FF). Dixon MRI data were processed with iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation. ZS-MRI was then used to longitudinally monitor the adiposity in the lumbar spine of young healthy rats at 13, 17, and 21 weeks to detect the early changes of FF with age in MAT. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of lumbar spines from separated rat groups was performed for verification. RESULTS In ex vivo phantom experiments, both Dixon MRI and ZS-MRI were well correlated with 1 H-MRS for the quantification of FF at 7 T (R > 0.99). Compared with Dixon MRI, ZS-MRI showed reduced image artifacts due to field inhomogeneity and presented better agreement with 1 H-MRS for the early detection of increased MAT due to age at 7 T (ZS-MRI R = 0.78 versus Dixon MRI R = 0.34). The increased MAT FF due to age was confirmed by histology. CONCLUSION ZS-MRI proves itself as an alternative fat quantification method for bone marrow in rats at 7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Cai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Tao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Peiwei Yi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqiu Feng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Liu J, Chen Y, Cai K, Gong Y. Association of metabolic syndrome with cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2333-2340. [PMID: 34152572 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension is still controversial. This meta-analysis sought to evaluate the association of MetS with cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients. METHODS Two authors comprehensively searched PubMed and Embase databases from their inception to April 18, 2020 for the longitudinal studies that evaluated the association of MetS with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension. The main outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, hospitalization due to heart failure, etc.) and stroke. RESULTS Eight studies consisting of 36,614 hypertensive patients were identified and analyzed. Meta-analysis indicated that MetS was associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (risk ratio [RR] 1.55; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.28-1.87), cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.44; 95%CI 1.13-1.82), and stroke (RR 1.46; 95%CI 1.22-1.75), respectively. Sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of the prognostic value of MetS. CONCLUSIONS MetS is associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and stroke in patients with hypertension. Determination of MetS may contribute to improving cardiovascular risk stratification in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264100, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - K Cai
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Y Gong
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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18
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Zhao Y, Cao Y, Wang S, Cai K, Xu K. COVID-19 and gastrointestinal symptoms. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e319. [PMID: 34021308 PMCID: PMC8239246 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Eresen A, Yang J, Scotti A, Cai K, Yaghmai V, Zhang Z. Combination of natural killer cell-based immunotherapy and irreversible electroporation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:1089. [PMID: 34423001 PMCID: PMC8339821 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most lethal cancer types despite great advancement in overall survival of the patients over the last decades. Surgical resection or partial hepatectomy has been approved as the curative treatment for early-stage HCC patients however only up to 30% of them are eligible for the procedures. Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes recognized for killing virally infected cells and improving immune functions for defending the body against malignant cells. Although autologous NK cells failed to demonstrate significant clinical benefit, transfer of allogeneic adoptive NK cells arises as a promising approach for the treatment of solid tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and inadequate homing efficiency of NK cells to tumors can inhibit adoptive transfer immunotherapy (ATI) efficacy. However, potential of the NK cells is challenged by the transfection efficiency. The local ablation techniques that employ thermal or chemical energy have been investigated for the destruction of solid tumors for three decades and demonstrated promising benefits for individuals not eligible for surgical resection or partial hepatectomy. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is one of the most recent minimally invasive ablation methods that destruct the cell within the targeted region through non-thermal energy. IRE destroys the tumor cell membrane by delivering high-frequency electrical energy in short pulses and overcomes tumor immunosuppression. The previous studies demonstrated that IRE can induce immune changes which can facilitate activation of specific immune responses and improve transfection efficiency. In this review paper, we have discussed the mechanism of NK cell immunotherapy and IRE ablation methods for the treatment of HCC patients and the combinatorial benefits of NK cell immunotherapy and IRE ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Eresen
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vahid Yaghmai
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Su C, Xu S, Lin D, He H, Chen Z, Damen FC, Ke C, Lv X, Cai K. Multi-parametric Z-spectral MRI may have a good performance for glioma stratification in clinical patients. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:101-111. [PMID: 34272981 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To comprehensively and noninvasively risk-stratify glioma grade, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotype, and 1p/19q codeletion status using multi-contrast Z-spectral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS One hundred and thirteen patients with glioma were retrospectively included. Multiple contrasts contributing to Z-spectra, including direct saturation of water (DSW), semi-solid magnetization transfer contrast (MTC), amide proton transfer (APT) effect, aliphatic nuclear Overhauser effect, and the 2-ppm chemical exchange saturation transfer peak (CEST@2ppm), were fitted with five individual Lorentzian functions. Z-spectral contrasts were compared according to the three most important risk stratifications: tumor grade, IDH genotype, and 1p/19q codeletion status. We further investigated the differentiation of 1p/19q codeletion status within IDH mutant gliomas. The stratification performance of individual Z-spectral contrasts and their combination was quantified using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS DSW was significantly different within grade, IDH genotypes, and 1p/19q codeletion status. APT was significantly different with grade and IDH mutation, but not with 1p/19q subtypes. CEST@2ppm was only significantly different with 1p/19q codeletion subtypes. DSW and CEST@2ppm were the two Z-spectral contrasts able to differentiate 1p/19q codeletion subtypes within IDH mutant gliomas. For differentiating glioma grades using ROC analyses, DSW achieved the largest AUC. For differentiating IDH genotypes, DSW and APT achieved comparable AUCs. DSW was the best metric for differentiating 1p/19q codeletion status within all patients and within the IDH mutant patients. Combining all Z-spectral contrasts improved sensitivity and specificity for all risk stratifications. CONCLUSIONS Multi-parametric Z-spectral MRI serves as a useful, comprehensive, and noninvasive imaging technique for glioma stratification in clinical patients. KEY POINTS • Multiple contrasts contributing to Z-spectra were separately fitted with Lorentzian functions. • Z-spectral contrasts were compared within the three most important and common tumor risk stratifications for gliomas: tumor grade, IDH genotype, and 1p/19q codeletion status. • The stratification performance of individual Z-spectral contrasts and their combination was quantified using receiver operating characteristic analyses, which found Z-spectral MRI to be a useful and comprehensive imaging biomarker for glioma stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changliang Su
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danlin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoqiang He
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghe Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Frederick C Damen
- Department of Radiology College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chao Ke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaofei Lv
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Wang B, Zhang N, Gong P, Li J, Wang X, Li X, Wang F, Cai K, Zhang X. In vitro assays on the susceptibility of four species of nematophagous fungi to anthelmintics and chemical fungicides/antifungal drug. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:124-131. [PMID: 33590540 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Using nematophagous fungi for the biological control of animal parasitic nematodes will become one of the most promising strategies in the search for alternative chemical drugs. The purpose of this study was to check the in vitro activity of four anthelmintics, four chemical fungicides and two antifungal drugs on the spore germination of nematophagous fungi: Duddingtonia flagrans (SF170), Arthrobotrys oligospora (447), Arthrobotrys superba (435) and Arthrobotrys sp. (PS011). A modified 24-well cell culture plate assay was conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of nematophagous fungi against drugs tested by calculating the effective middle concentrations (EC50 ) of each tested drug to inhibit the germination of fungal spores. EC50 ranged between 0·7 and 47·2 μg ml-1 for fenbendazole, thiabendazole and ivermectin, except levamisole (546·5-4057·8 μg ml-1 ). EC50 of tested fungicides was 0·6-2·3 μg ml-1 for carbendazim, 55·9-247·4 μg ml-1 for metalaxyl, 24·4-45·2 μg ml-1 for difenoconazole, and 555·9-1438·3 μg ml-1 for pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB). EC50 of two antifungal drugs was 0·03-3·4 μg ml-1 for amphotericin B and 0·3-10·9 μg ml-1 for ketoconazole. The results showed that 10 tested drugs, except for levamisole and PCNB, had in vitro inhibitory effects on nematophagous fungi. The chlamydospores of D. flagrans had the highest sensitivity to nine tested drugs, except for ketoconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - N Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - P Gong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - J Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - X Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - F Wang
- Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - K Cai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - X Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Su C, Li S, Chen X, Liu C, Shaghaghi M, Jiang J, Zhang S, Qin Y, Cai K. Predicting cancer malignancy and proliferation in glioma patients: intra-subject inter-metabolite correlation analyses using MRI and MRSI contrast scans. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:2721-2732. [PMID: 34079736 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The non-invasive characterization of glioma metabolites would greatly assist the management of glioma patients in the clinical setting. This study investigated the applicability of intra-subject inter-metabolite correlation analyses for differentiating glioma malignancy and proliferation. Methods A total of 17 negative controls (NCs), 39 low-grade gliomas (LGGs) patients, and 25 high-grade gliomas (HGGs) subjects were included in this retrospective study. Amide proton transfer (APT) and magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) imaging contrasts, as well as total choline/total creatine (tCho/tCr) and total N-acetylaspartate/total creatine (tNAA/tCr) ratios quantified from magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) were co-registered voxel-wise and used to produce three intra-subject inter-metabolite correlation coefficients (IMCCs), namely, RAPT vs . MTC, RAPT vs . tCho/tCr, and RMTC vs . tNAA/tCr. The correlation between the IMCCs and tumor grade and Ki-67 labeling index (LI) for tumor proliferation were explored. The differences in the IMCCs between the three groups were compared with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Finally, regression analysis was used to build a combined model with multiple IMCCs to improve the diagnostic performance for tumor grades based on receiver operator characteristic curves. Results Compared with the NCs, gliomas showed stronger inter-metabolic correlations. RAPT vs . MTC was significantly different among the three groups (NC vs. LGGs vs. HGGs: -0.18±0.38 vs. -0.40±0.34 vs. -0.70±0.29, P<0.0001). No significant differences were detected in RMTC vs . tNAA/tCr among the three groups. RAPT vs . MTC and RAPT vs . tCho/tCr correlated significantly with tumor grade (R=-0.41, P=0.001 and R=0.448, P<0.001, respectively). However, only RAPT vs . MTC was mildly correlated with Ki-67 (R=-0.33, P=0.02). RAPT vs . MTC and RAPT vs . tCho/tCr achieved areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.754 and 0.71, respectively, for differentiating NCs from gliomas; and 0.77 and 0.78, respectively, for differentiating LGGs from HGGs. The combined multi-IMCCs model improved the correlation with the Ki-67 LI (R=0.46, P=0.0008) and the tumor-grade stratification with AUC increased to 0.85 (sensitivity: 80.0%, specificity: 79.5%). Conclusions This study demonstrated that glioma patients showed stronger inter-metabolite correlations than control subjects, and the IMCCs were significantly correlated with glioma grade and proliferation. The multi-IMCCs combined model further improved the performance of clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changliang Su
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihui Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengxia Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Shi X, Dong X, Zhai J, Liu X, Lu D, Ni Z, Chen A, Cai K. P58.01 Systematic Identification of Methylation Sites Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognosis. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Shi X, Dong X, Zhai J, Liu X, Lu D, Ni Z, Chen A, Cai K. P66.02 A Novel Risk Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Lung Cancer Susceptibility Genes. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shi X, Dong X, Zhai J, Liu X, Lu D, Ni Z, Chen A, Cai K. P54.01 Development and Validation of a Novel Nomogram Integrated with Lung Cancer Susceptibility Genes for Squamous Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Yang J, Eresen A, Scotti A, Cai K, Zhang Z. Combination of NK-based immunotherapy and sorafenib against hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:337-349. [PMID: 33575075 PMCID: PMC7868752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent malignancy of the liver, which is considered the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Liver transplant and surgical resection are curative treatments for HCC, but only 10-15% of HCC patients are eligible candidates. The FDA-approved sorafenib is a multi-kinase inhibitor systemic therapy for advanced HCC that extends the overall survival by over 3 months when compared with placebo. Adoptive transfer of Natural Killer (NK) cells holds great promise for clinical cancer treatment. However, only limited clinical benefit has been achieved in cancer patients. Therefore, there is currently considerable interest in development of the combination of sorafenib and NK cells for the treatment of HCC patients. However, the mechanism of how sorafenib affects the function of NK cells remains to be comprehensively clarified. In this paper, we will discuss NK cell-based immunotherapies that are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation and its potential combination with sorafenib for improving the survival of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Aydin Eresen
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Li L, Zhou Z, Xiong W, Fang J, Scotti A, Shaghaghi M, Zhu W, Cai K. Characterization of microenvironmental changes in the intervertebral discs of patients with chronic low back pain using multiparametric MRI contrasts extracted from Z-spectrum. Eur Spine J 2021; 30:1063-1071. [PMID: 33475842 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-06733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Z-spectral MRI data were analyzed to produce multiparametric metabolic and microenvironmental contrasts for identifying intervertebral discs with/without pain symptom and sore pain. METHODS Z-spectra data were collected from the lumbar discs of 26 patients with non-specific chronic low bck pain (CLBP) and 21 asymptomatic controls (AC) with a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Data were fitted to quantify the CEST effects from glycosaminoglycan, amide proton transfer (APT), nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), semi-solid magnetization transfer contrast effects, and the direct saturation of water. Multiparametric maps were computed from the fitted peak amplitudes, and the average values were calculated from all five lumber discs. Those parameters were compared between the CLBP and AC groups and between the subgroups with and without (Nsore) sore pain. RESULTS The discs in symptomatic patients have lower water content, collagen-bound water and collagen than the discs in AC (P < 0.05). Additionally, Z-sepctral MRI indicated that the discs in the sore subgroup had less water, collagen-bound water and collagen, and likely lower pH compared to the Nsore subgroup (P < 0.05). Lower pH as measured with reduced APT and NOE effects may be an important pathological factor causing sore pain of the back. CONCLUSION Z-spectral MRI with its multiparametric metabolic and microenvironmental contrasts has been demonstrated to identify discs with and without pain symptom or sore pain, providing more important information of CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Departments of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, and the Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Fang
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Departments of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, and the Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mehran Shaghaghi
- Departments of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, and the Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - WenZhen Zhu
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kejia Cai
- Departments of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, and the Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Damen FC, Scotti A, Damen FW, Saran N, Valyi-Nagy T, Vukelich M, Cai K. Multimodal apparent diffusion (MAD) weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 77:213-233. [PMID: 33309925 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick C Damen
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Frederick W Damen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Nitu Saran
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Tibor Valyi-Nagy
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Mirko Vukelich
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Ye H, Shaghaghi M, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Lutz SE, Chen W, Cai K. In Vivo Proton Exchange Rate (k ex ) MRI for the Characterization of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions in Patients. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:408-415. [PMID: 32975008 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently available radiological methods do not completely capture the diversity of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion subtypes. This lack of information hampers the understanding of disease progression and potential treatment stratification. For example, inflammation persists in some lesions after gadolinium (Gd) enhancement resolves. Novel metabolic and molecular imaging methods may improve the current assessments of MS pathophysiology. PURPOSE To compare the in vivo proton exchange rate (kex ) MRI with Gd-enhanced MRI for characterizing MS lesions. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. SUBJECTS Sixteen consecutively diagnosed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T MRI with T2 -weighted imaging, postcontrast T1 -weighted imaging, and single-slice chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging. ASSESSMENT MS lesions in white matter were assessed for Gd enhancement and kex elevation compared to normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). STATISTICAL TESTS Student's t-test was used for analyzing the difference of kex values between lesions and NAWM, with statistical significance set at 0.05. RESULTS Of all 153 MS lesions, 78 (51%) lesions were Gd-enhancing and 75 (49%) were Gd-negative. Without exception, all 78 Gd-enhancing lesions showed significantly elevated kex values compared to NAWM (924 ± 130 s-1 vs. 735 ± 61 s-1 , P < 0.05). Of 75 Gd-negative lesions, 18 lesions (24%) showed no kex elevation (762 ± 29 s-1 vs. 755 ± 28 s-1 , P = 0.47) and 57 (76%) showed significant kex elevation (950 ± 124 s-1 vs. 759 ± 48 s-1 , P < 0.05) compared to NAWM. MS lesions with kex elevation appeared nodular (118, 87.4%), ring-like (15, 11.1%), or irregular-shaped (2, 1.5%). DATA CONCLUSION For Gd-enhancing lesions, kex MRI is highly consistent with Gd-enhanced images by showing 100% of elevated kex . For all Gd-negative lesions, the discrepancy on kex MRI may further differentiate active slowly expanding lesions or chronic inactive lesions, supporting kex as an imaging biomarker for tissue oxidative stress and inflammation. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 3 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2021;53:408-415.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqi Ye
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Qianlan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sarah E Lutz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zhou FR, Pan ZP, Shen F, Huang LQ, Cui JH, Cai K, Guo XL. Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-577 to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:3742-3748. [PMID: 31115000 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent researches have proved that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the exact role of lncRNA DLX6-AS1 in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), and to explore the possible mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS DLX6-AS1 expression in CRC tissues was detected by Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Function assays were conducted to detect the effect of DLX6-AS1 on the proliferation and metastasis of CRC in vitro. Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP) were used to explore the underlying mechanism of DLX6-AS1. RESULTS DLX6-AS1 expression in CRC samples was significantly higher than that of adjacent tissues. Loss of DLX6-AS1 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay showed that DLX6-AS1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA via sponging miR-577 in CRC. CONCLUSIONS DLX6-AS1 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC by sponging miR-577, which might offer a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-R Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhou FR, Pan ZP, Shen F, Huang LQ, Cui JH, Cai K, Guo XL. Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-577 to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:7540. [PMID: 32744645 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202007_22173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-577 to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer, by F.-R. Zhou, Z.-P. Pan, F. Shen, L.-Q. Huang, J.-H. Cui, K. Cai, X.-L. Guo, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (9): 3742-3748-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201905_17800-PMID: 31115000" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/17800.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-R Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
An outbreak of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has emerged during December 2019. The ongoing outbreak in Wuhan City spread rapidly throughout China, where the fatality rate ranged from 2.1 to 4.9%. Due to its high transmissibility, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020. The current outbreak has the potential to become the first pandemic of the new millennium. Most patients who were first diagnosed with COVID-19 worked at or lived in the vicinity of the local Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, where live animals were also on sale. The concerted efforts of Chinese scientists led to the independent isolation from patients and identification of a novel coronavirus, SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), on 6 January 2020; this has been an important step in the development of treatment. The purpose of this article is to overview the history, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID 2019 reported in recently published studies. Based on the results of virus genome sequencing and a model of the interaction between host cells and the virus, we propose several possible targets for antiviral drugs, which may provide new ideas for epidemic control and vaccine development. Keywords: 2019 novel coronavirus; pneumonia; SARS-CoV-2; Coronaviridae; COVID-19.
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Cai M, Wang G, Zhang L, Gao J, Xia Z, Zhang P, Wang Z, Cai K, Wang G, Tao K. Performing abdominal surgery during the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a single-centred, retrospective, observational study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:e183-e185. [PMID: 32339259 PMCID: PMC7267650 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Cai
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - G Wang
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - L Zhang
- Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - J Gao
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - Z Xia
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - P Zhang
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - Z Wang
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - K Cai
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - G Wang
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - K Tao
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan, China
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Wang J, Cai K, He X, Shen X, Wang J, Liu J, Xu J, Qiu F, Lei W, Cui L, Ge Y, Wu T, Zhang Y, Yan H, Chen Y, Yu J, Ma X, Shi H, Zhang R, Li X, Gao Y, Niu P, Tan W, Wu G, Jiang Y, Xu W, Ma X. Multiple-centre clinical evaluation of an ultrafast single-tube assay for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1076-1081. [PMID: 32422410 PMCID: PMC7227500 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of an ultrafast single-tube nucleic acid isothermal amplification detection assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA using clinical samples from multiple centres. METHODS A reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) assay for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted within 15 minutes at 39°C with portable instruments after addition of extracted RNA. The clinical performance of RT-RAA assay was evaluated using 947 clinical samples from five institutions in four regions of China; approved commercial fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) kits were used for parallel detection. The sensitivity and specificity of RT-RAA were compared and analysed. RESULTS The RT-RAA test results of 926 samples were consistent with those of qRT-PCR (330 were positive, 596 negative); 21 results were inconsistent. The sensitivity and specificity of RT-RAA was 97.63% (330/338, 95% confidence interval (CI) 95.21 to 98.90) and 97.87% (596/609, 95% CI 96.28 to 98.81) respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 96.21% (330/343, 95% CI 93.45 to 97.88) and 98.68% (596/604, 95% CI 97.30 to 99.38) respectively. The total coincidence rate was 97.78% (926/947, 95% CI 96.80 to 98.70), and the kappa was 0.952 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS With comparable sensitivity and specificity to the commercial qRT-PCR kits, RT-RAA assay for SARS-CoV-2 exhibited the distinctive advantages of simplicity and rapidity in terms of operation and turnaround time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - K Cai
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - X He
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Shen
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - J Liu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J Xu
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - F Qiu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - W Lei
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Cui
- NHC Key Laboratories of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Y Ge
- NHC Key Laboratories of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - T Wu
- NHC Key Laboratories of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - H Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Y Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - J Yu
- The NO.1 Affiliated hospital of Shanxi Datong University, Institute of Brain Science-Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Diseases, Datong 037000, China
| | - X Ma
- The NO.1 Affiliated hospital of Shanxi Datong University, Institute of Brain Science-Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Diseases, Datong 037000, China; The Fifth People's Hospital of DaTong, Datong 037000, China
| | - H Shi
- Datong City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Datong 037000, China
| | - R Zhang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - X Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Gao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - P Niu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - W Tan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - G Wu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - W Xu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - X Ma
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Zaldua S, Damen FC, Pisharody R, Thomas R, Fan KD, Ekkurthi GK, Scheinman SB, Alahmadi S, Marottoli FM, Alford S, Cai K, Tai LM. Epidermal growth factor treatment of female mice that express APOE4 at an age of advanced pathology mitigates behavioral and cerebrovascular dysfunction. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03919. [PMID: 32478184 PMCID: PMC7251379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
APOE4 is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and high amyloid-β (Aβ) levels in the brain are a pathological hallmark of the disease. However, the contribution of specific APOE-modulated Aβ-dependent and Aβ-independent functions to cognitive decline remain unclear. Increasing evidence supports a role of APOE in modulating cerebrovascular function, however whether ameliorating this dysfunction can improve behavioral function is still under debate. We have previously demonstrated that systemic epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment, which is important for vascular function, at early stages of pathology (treatment from 6 to 8 months) is beneficial for recognition and spatial memory and cerebrovascular function in female mice that express APOE4. These data raise the important question of whether EGF can improve APOE4-associated cerebrovascular and behavioral dysfunction when treatment is initiated at an age of advanced pathology. Positive findings would support the development of therapies that target cerebrovascular dysfunction associated with APOE4 in aging and AD in individuals with advanced cognitive impairment. Therefore, in this study female mice that express APOE4 in the absence (E4FAD- mice) or presence (E4FAD+ mice) of Aβ overproduction were treated from 8 to 10 months of age systemically with EGF. EGF treatment mitigated behavioral dysfunction in recognition memory and spatial learning and improved hippocampal neuronal function in both E4FAD+ and E4FAD- mice, suggesting that EGF treatment improves Aβ-independent APOE4-associated deficits. The beneficial effects of EGF treatment on behavior occurred in tandem with improved markers of cerebrovascular function, including lower levels of fibrinogen, lower permeability when assessed by MRI and higher percent area coverage of laminin and CD31 in the hippocampus. These data suggest a mechanistic link among EGF signaling, cerebrovascular function and APOE4-associated behavioral deficits in mice with advanced AD-relevant pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Zaldua
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Frederick C Damen
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System, Suite 103, 2242 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rohan Pisharody
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Riya Thomas
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kelly D Fan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Giri K Ekkurthi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sarah B Scheinman
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sami Alahmadi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Felecia M Marottoli
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Simon Alford
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System, Suite 103, 2242 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System, Suite 103, 2242 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Leon M Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Li L, Scotti A, Fang J, Yin L, Xiong T, He W, Qin Y, Liew C, Khayyat N, Zhu W, Cai K. Characterization of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients by Z-Spectral Imaging (ZSI). Eur J Radiol 2019; 123:108777. [PMID: 31855655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize brown adipose tissue (BAT) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients in comparison to healthy subjects using Z-spectral imaging (ZSI). METHOD ZSI data were collected on 19 normal control females (NCF), 17 males (NCM), and 13 PCOS patients. By fitting to multiple Lorentzian functions, ZSI provides fat-water fraction (FWF) of tissue in the supraclavicular area that can be used to differentiate between white adipose tissue (WAT), BAT, and muscle. The fraction of BAT over the total fat depot (BATf) and the average FWF in BAT or FWF(BAT) were then computed, reflecting relative BAT mass and BAT metabolism respectively. The parameters were compared among the three groups, and the correlations to Body Mass Index (BMI) were also quantified. RESULTS There was an inverse correlation between BATf and BMI in normal subjects. The BATf of the PCOS group was significantly smaller than the NCF (P < 0.001). On the other hand, FWF(BAT) correlated linearly with BMI in healthy subjects. The PCOS group had higher FWF(BAT) than the NCF group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Normal subjects with higher BMI show less BATf and have increased FWF(BAT), indicating relatively higher level of metabolic passive WAT depot and relatively reduced metabolism in their BAT depots. PCOS patients have the least BATf and the highest FWF(BAT), suggesting decreased BAT mass and function in PCOS. Novel imaging technique with ZSI for the characterization of BAT mass and function in PCOS may help to monitor treatment responses of PCOS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Radiology Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Radiology Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Radiology Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA; Bioengineering Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jicheng Fang
- Radiology Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Yin
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Dept., Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ting Xiong
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics Dept., Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - WenTao He
- Endocrinology Dept., Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Radiology Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - ChongWee Liew
- Physiology & Biophysics Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nael Khayyat
- Radiology Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - WenZhen Zhu
- Radiology Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Kejia Cai
- Radiology Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA; Bioengineering Dept., College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.
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Singh A, Debnath A, Cai K, Bagga P, Haris M, Hariharan H, Reddy R. Evaluating the feasibility of creatine-weighted CEST MRI in human brain at 7 T using a Z-spectral fitting approach. NMR Biomed 2019; 32:e4176. [PMID: 31608510 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate the feasibility of creatine (Cr) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-weighted MRI at 7 T in the human brain by optimizing the saturation pulse parameters and computing contrast using a Z-spectral fitting approach. The Cr-weighted (Cr-w) CEST contrast was computed from phantoms data. Simulations were carried out to obtain the optimum saturation parameters for Cr-w CEST with lower contribution from other brain metabolites. CEST-w images were acquired from the brains of four human subjects at different saturation parameters. The Cr-w CEST contrast was computed using both asymmetry analysis and Z-spectra fitting approaches (models 1 and 2, respectively) based on Lorentzian functions. For broad magnetization transfer (MT) effect, Gaussian and Super-Lorentzian line shapes were also evaluated. In the phantom study, the Cr-w CEST contrast showed a linear dependence on concentration in physiological range and a nonlinear dependence on saturation parameters. The in vivo Cr-w CEST map generated using asymmetry analysis from the brain represents mixed contrast with contribution from other metabolites as well and relayed nuclear Overhauser effect (rNOE). Simulations provided an estimate for the optimum range of saturation parameters to be used for acquiring brain CEST data. The optimum saturation parameters for Cr-w CEST to be used for brain data were around B1rms = 1.45 μT and duration = 2 seconds. The Z-spectral fitting approach enabled computation of individual components. This also resulted in mitigating the contribution from MT and rNOE to Cr-w CEST contrast, which is a major source of underestimation in asymmetry analysis. The proposed modified z-spectra fitting approach (model 2) is more stable to noise compared with model 1. Cr-w CEST contrast obtained using fitting was 6.98 ± 0.31% in gray matter and 5.45 ± 0.16% in white matter. Optimal saturation parameters reduced the contribution from other CEST effects to Cr-w CEST contrast, and the proposed Z-spectral fitting approach enabled computation of individual components in Z-spectra of the brain. Therefore, it is feasible to compute Cr-w CEST contrast with a lower contribution from other CEST and rNOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Singh
- CBME, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Ayan Debnath
- CBME, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- CMROI, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kejia Cai
- Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Puneet Bagga
- CMROI, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohammad Haris
- CMROI, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Research Branch, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hari Hariharan
- CMROI, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- CMROI, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Pu X, Tang G, Cai K, Huang Y, Ping M, Peng Z, Qiu H. A parallel deep learning network framework for whole-body bone scan image analysis. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Damen FC, Tain RW, Thomas R, Li W, Tai L, Cai K. Evaluation of B 0-correction of relative CBF maps using tagging distance dependent Z-spectrum (TADDZ). Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 65:83-89. [PMID: 31669538 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, based on endogenous contrast from blood water, is used in research and diagnosis of cerebral vascular conditions. However, artifacts due to imperfect imaging conditions such as B0-inhomogeneity (ΔB0) could lead to variations in the quantification of relative cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this study, we evaluate a new approach using tagging distance dependent Z-spectrum (TADDZ) data, similar to the ΔB0 corrections in the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) experiments, to remove the imaging plane B0 inhomogeneity induced CBF artifacts in ASL MRI. Our results indicate that imaging-plane B0-inhomogeneity can lead to variations and errors in the relative CBF maps especially under small tagging distances. Along with an acquired B0 map, TADDZ data helps to eliminate B0-inhomogeneity induced artifacts in the resulting relative CBF maps. We demonstrated the effective use of TADDZ data to reduce variation while subjected to systematic changes in ΔB0. In addition, TADDZ corrected ASL MRI, with improved consistency, was shown to outperform conventional ASL MRI by differentiating the subtle CBF difference in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice brains with different APOE genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick C Damen
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rong-Wen Tain
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Brain Imaging Research, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Riya Thomas
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Weigo Li
- Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leon Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Shi X, Dong X, Liu X, Lu D, Feng S, Cai K. EP1.15-18 An 18-Year Single-Center Experience on 76 Giant Mediastinal Tumor Resections. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shaghaghi M, Chen W, Scotti A, Ye H, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Cai K. In vivo quantification of proton exchange rate in healthy human brains with omega plot. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:1686-1696. [PMID: 31728312 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.08.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background To implement omega plot method for in vivo mapping of proton exchange rates in human brain by taking into account the water direct saturation (DS) effect and multiple saturation transfer exchanging species in vivo. Methods Four Z-spectra were collected with chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) saturation power =1, 2, 3 & 4 µT. Water DS was estimated by fitting the Z-spectrum to a linear combination of multiple Lorentzian components and its contribution to the signal was subsequently removed. Exchange rate maps were derived by the omega plot, consisting of fitting the inverse of the signal intensity, Mz /(M 0-Mz ), as a function of 1/(γB1)2. Results The exchange rate values quantified with the DS removed omega plot were significantly higher in the GM region than in the WM region (616±29 vs. 575±20 s-1, P<0.001). Phantom studies confirmed that the exchange rates from DS-removed plots varied linearly with pH (R2=0.998) for the pH range of 6.2 to 7.4, whereas exchange rates from conventional omega plots failed to show such linearity in the entire physiological pH range. Conclusions The calculated exchange rate with DS-corrected omega plot is a weighted average for all saturation transfer exchanging proton species which contribute to Z-spectral signal. The healthy brain exchange rate map provided by DS-removed omega plots may serve as a baseline for detecting any pathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Shaghaghi
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Bioengieering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Haiqi Ye
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Bioengieering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Lu D, Liu X, Feng S, Dong X, Shi X, Ji X, Fang T, Wang Z, Hong Z, Ye Y, Ren P, Diao D, Wu H, Xiong G, Wang H, Li M, Cai K. IDENTIFICATION OF THE RELATIVELY FIXED INTRATHORACIC ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS FOR ESOPHAGEAL SEGMENTATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY FROM SOUTHERN CHINA. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Fang T, Lu D, Liu X, Feng S, Dong X, Shi X, Zhai J, Cai K. ESTABLISHMENT AND MEANING OF ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA CELL LINES OF KNOCKDOWN AND OVEREXPRESSION DEMETHYLASE ALKBH5 GENERATED BY LENTIVIRUS. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Li L, Zhou Z, Li J, Fang J, Qing Y, Tian T, Zhang S, Wu G, Scotti A, Cai K, Zhu W. Diffusion kurtosis imaging provides quantitative assessment of the microstructure changes of disc degeneration: an in vivo experimental study. Eur Spine J 2019; 28:1005-1013. [PMID: 30778770 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-05924-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to assess the microstructural changes of intervertebral disc degeneration induced by annulus needle puncture in rats by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). METHODS Eighteen rats (36 discs) were punctured percutaneously at the intervertebral disc between C6/7, C7/8 (C-coccygeal vertebrae) with a 21-gauge needle. The rats were divided into six groups according to the time after the puncture: 3 h, 48 h, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days and 14 days. There were six discs in three rats in the control group. The rats' tail was imaged at 3T MRI with T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DWI)/DKI sequences. The discs were categorized using a five-grade degeneration system based on the T2 images. The height of the discs and the parameters in DWI/DKI were measured and compared between the different time points. The histological images were also obtained from the discs. RESULTS The histological study revealed that the discs in the rat of the punctured groups were degenerated. The T2 grades of different groups presented an increasing trend from 7 to 10 days after puncture (R2 = 0.9424, P < 0.001), while the DWI/DKI parameters changes were consistent with the histological changes at the different time points and showed significant differences between the different groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS DKI provides quantitative assessment of the microstructure changes of disc degeneration, and it is a non-invasive method. The DKI multi-parameter analysis is sensitive to discs changes caused by puncture. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Fang
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Qing
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Tian
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wu
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Departments of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, and the Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Departments of Radiology, Department of Bioengineering, and the Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - WenZhen Zhu
- Radiological Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Y, Hu X, Hu S, Scotti A, Cai K, Wang J, Zhou X, Yang D, Figini M, Pan L, Shangguan J, Yang J, Zhang Z. Non-invasive Imaging Methods for Brown Adipose Tissue Detection and Function Evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 8. [PMID: 31080698 PMCID: PMC6508884 DOI: 10.4172/2165-8048.1000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) has a major role in thermoregulation, producing heat by non-shivering thermogenesis. Primarily found in animals and human infants, the presence of significant brown adipose tissue was identified only recently, and its metabolic role in adults was reconsidered. BAT is believed to have an important role in many metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes, and also to be associated with cancer cachexia. Therefore, it is currently a topic of great interest in the research community, and many groups are investigating the mechanisms underlying BAT metabolism in normal and pathological conditions. However, well established non-invasive methods for assessing BAT distribution and function are still lacking. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of the art of these methods, with a particular focus on PET, CT and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Radiology, Third Military Medical University Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alessandro Scotti
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Third Military Medical University Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ding Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matteo Figini
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Liang Pan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjie Shangguan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Tain RW, Scotti AM, Cai K. Improving the detection specificity of endogenous MRI for reactive oxygen species (ROS). J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:583-591. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Wen Tain
- Department of Radiology; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
- Campus Center for Neuroimaging; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - Alessandro M. Scotti
- Department of Radiology; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
| | - Kejia Cai
- Department of Radiology; College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Chicago; Illinois USA
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Zhou J, Li T, Cai K, Xu X, Zhang S, Yan L, Sun X, Lu D. Molecular regulation mechanism of Farnesyl X receptor in bile acid and cholesterol metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:205-211. [PMID: 30734548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - T Li
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - K Cai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - X Xu
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - S Zhang
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - L Yan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - X Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - D Lu
- Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3 Tongxiang Road, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, China e-mail:
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Shi X, Wang Y, Lu D, Liu X, Feng S, Dong X, Cai K. P2.03-31 LncRNA RGMB-AS1 Affects Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognosis by Regulating Microtube Associated Genes: A Genome-Wide Analysis in Silicon. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lu D, Dong X, Feng S, Liu X, Shi X, Wu H, Diao D, Ren P, Cai R, Huang Z, Wang H, Cai K, Xin X, Ji H, Wang Z, Hong C, Sun Y, Yu X. P1.05-09 Dielectric Property Test for the Rapid Differential Diagnosis of Lung Nodules/Mass. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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50
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Damen FC, Cai K. B1− non-uniformity correction of phased-array coils without measuring coil sensitivity. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 51:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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