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Lin M, Breukels V, Scheenen TWJ, Paulusse JMJ. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Silicon Carbide Micro- and Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:30835-30843. [PMID: 34170657 PMCID: PMC8289227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two dominant crystalline phases of silicon carbide (SiC): α-SiC and β-SiC, differing in size and chemical composition, were investigated regarding their potential for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). 29Si nuclei in α-SiC micro- and nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 650 nm to 2.2 μm and minimal oxidation were successfully hyperpolarized without the use of free radicals, while β-SiC samples did not display appreciable degrees of polarization under the same polarization conditions. Long T1 relaxation times in α-SiC of up to 1600 s (∼27 min) were recorded for the 29Si nuclei after 1 h of polarization at a temperature of 4 K. Interestingly, these promising α-SiC particles allowed for direct hyperpolarization of both 29Si and 13C nuclei, resulting in comparably strong signal amplifications. Moreover, the T1 relaxation time of 13C nuclei in 750 nm-sized α-SiC particles was over 33 min, which far exceeds T1 times of conventional 13C DNP probes with values in the order of 1-2 min. The present work demonstrates the feasibility of DNP on SiC micro- and nanoparticles and highlights their potential as hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Department
of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical
Center, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W. J. Scheenen
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical
Center, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department
of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen,
P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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van Heijster FH, Heskamp S, Breukels V, Veltien A, Franssen GM, Jansen K(C, Boerman OC, Schalken JA, Scheenen TW, Heerschap A. Pyruvate-lactate exchange and glucose uptake in human prostate cancer cell models. A study in xenografts and suspensions by hyperpolarized [1- 13 C]pyruvate MRS and [ 18 F]FDG-PET. NMR Biomed 2020; 33:e4362. [PMID: 32662543 PMCID: PMC7507209 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming of energy metabolism in the development of prostate cancer can be exploited for a better diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The goal of this study was to determine whether differences in glucose and pyruvate metabolism of human prostate cancer cells with dissimilar aggressivenesses can be detected using hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate MRS and [18 F]FDG-PET imaging, and to evaluate whether these measures correlate. For this purpose, we compared murine xenografts of human prostate cancer LNCaP cells with those of more aggressive PC3 cells. [1-13 C]pyruvate was hyperpolarized by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) and [1-13 C]pyruvate to lactate conversion was followed by 13 C MRS. Subsequently [18 F]FDG uptake was investigated by static and dynamic PET measurements. Standard uptake values (SUVs) for [18 F]FDG were significantly higher for xenografts of PC3 compared with those of LNCaP. However, we did not observe a difference in the average apparent rate constant kpl of 13 C label exchange from pyruvate to lactate between the tumor variants. A significant negative correlation was found between SUVs from [18 F]FDG PET measurements and kpl values for the xenografts of both tumor types. The kpl rate constant may be influenced by various factors, and studies with a range of prostate cancer cells in suspension suggest that LDH inhibition by pyruvate may be one of these. Our results indicate that glucose and pyruvate metabolism in the prostate cancer cell models differs from that in other tumor models and that [18 F]FDG-PET can serve as a valuable complementary tool in dDNP studies of aggressive prostate cancer with [1-13 C]pyruvate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frits H.A. van Heijster
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Sandra Heskamp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Andor Veltien
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerben M. Franssen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Otto C. Boerman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jack A. Schalken
- Department of UrologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Tom W.J. Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
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Peeters TH, Lenting K, Breukels V, van Lith SAM, van den Heuvel CNAM, Molenaar R, van Rooij A, Wevers R, Span PN, Heerschap A, Leenders WPJ. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1-mutated cancers are sensitive to the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Cancer Metab 2019; 7:4. [PMID: 31139406 PMCID: PMC6526618 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-019-0198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) occur in various types of cancer and induce metabolic alterations resulting from the neomorphic activity that causes production of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) at the expense of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and NADPH. To overcome metabolic stress induced by these alterations, IDH-mutated (IDHmut) cancers utilize rescue mechanisms comprising pathways in which glutaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD) are involved. We hypothesized that inhibition of glutamate processing with the pleiotropic GLUD-inhibitor epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) would not only hamper D-2-HG production, but also decrease NAD(P)H and α-KG synthesis in IDHmut cancers, resulting in increased metabolic stress and increased sensitivity to radiotherapy. Methods We performed 13C-tracing studies to show that HCT116 colorectal cancer cells with an IDH1R132H knock-in allele depend more on glutaminolysis than on glycolysis for the production of D-2-HG. We treated HCT116 cells, HCT116-IDH1R132H cells, and HT1080 cells (carrying an IDH1R132C mutation) with EGCG and evaluated D-2-HG production, cell proliferation rates, and sensitivity to radiotherapy. Results Significant amounts of 13C from glutamate accumulate in D-2-HG in HCT116-IDH1wt/R132H but not in HCT116-IDH1wt/wt. Preventing glutamate processing in HCT116-IDH1wt/R132H cells with EGCG resulted in reduction of D-2-HG production. In addition, EGCG treatment decreased proliferation rates of IDH1mut cells and at high doses sensitized cancer cells to ionizing radiation. Effects of EGCG in IDH-mutated cell lines were diminished by treatment with the IDH1mut inhibitor AGI-5198. Conclusions This work shows that glutamate can be directly processed into D-2-HG and that reduction of glutamatolysis may be an effective and promising new treatment option for IDHmut cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40170-019-0198-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom H Peeters
- 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - Krissie Lenting
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 Nijmegen, GA The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - Sanne A M van Lith
- 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - Corina N A M van den Heuvel
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 Nijmegen, GA The Netherlands
| | - Remco Molenaar
- 3Department of Medical Biology, Cancer Center Amsterdam at the Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 Amsterdam, AZ The Netherlands
| | - Arno van Rooij
- 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - Ron Wevers
- 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - Paul N Span
- 5Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB The Netherlands
| | - William P J Leenders
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 Nijmegen, GA The Netherlands
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Peeters TH, Kobus T, Breukels V, Lenting K, Veltien A, Heerschap A, Scheenen TWJ. Imaging Hyperpolarized Pyruvate and Lactate after Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption with Focused Ultrasound. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2591-2601. [PMID: 30873831 PMCID: PMC6523999 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
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Imaging of hyperpolarized 13C-labeled substrates has
emerged as an important magnetic resonance (MR) technique to study
metabolic pathways in real time in vivo. Even though
this technique has found its way to clinical trials, in vivo dynamic nuclear polarization is still mostly applied in preclinical
models. Its tremendous increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) overcomes
the intrinsically low MR sensitivity of the 13C nucleus
and allows real-time metabolic imaging in small structures like the
mouse brain. However, applications in brain research are limited as
delivery of hyperpolarized compounds is restrained by the blood–brain
barrier (BBB). A local noninvasive disruption of the BBB could facilitate
delivery of hyperpolarized substrates and create opportunities to
study metabolic pathways in the brain that are generally not within
reach. In this work, we designed a setup to apply BBB disruption in
the mouse brain by MR-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) prior to MR
imaging of 13C-enriched hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate and its conversion to [1-13C]-lactate. To
overcome partial volume issues, we optimized a fast multigradient-echo
imaging method (temporal resolution of 2.4 s) with an in-plane spatial
resolution of 1.6 × 1.6 mm2, without the need of processing
large amounts of spectroscopic data. We demonstrated the feasibility
to apply 13C imaging in less than 1 h after FUS treatment
and showed a locally disrupted BBB during the time window of the whole
experiment. From detected hyperpolarized pyruvate and lactate signals
in both FUS-treated and untreated mice, we conclude that even at high
spatial resolution, signals from the blood compartment dominate in
the 13C images, leaving the interpretation of hyperpolarized
signals in the mouse brain challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom H. Peeters
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thiele Kobus
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Krissie Lenting
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andor Veltien
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W. J. Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Boss A, Heskamp L, Breukels V, Bains LJ, van Uden MJ, Heerschap A. Oxidative capacity varies along the length of healthy human tibialis anterior. J Physiol 2018; 596:1467-1483. [PMID: 29455454 DOI: 10.1113/jp275009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS During exercise skeletal muscles use the energy buffer phosphocreatine. The post-exercise recovery of phosphocreatine is a measure of the oxidative capacity of muscles and is traditionally assessed by 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a large tissue region, assuming homogeneous energy metabolism. To test this assumption, we collected spatially resolved spectra along the length of human tibialis anterior using a home-built array of 31 P detection coils, and observed a striking gradient in the recovery rate of phosphocreatine, decreasing along the proximo-distal axis of the muscle. A similar gradient along this muscle was observed in signal changes recorded by 1 H muscle functional MRI. These findings identify intra-muscular variation in the physiology of muscles in action and highlight the importance of localized sampling for any methodology investigating oxidative metabolism of this, and potentially other muscles. ABSTRACT The rate of phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery (kPCr ) after exercise, characterizing muscle oxidative capacity, is traditionally assessed with unlocalized 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using a single surface coil. However, because of intramuscular variation in fibre type and oxygen supply, kPCr may be non-uniform within muscles. We tested this along the length of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in 10 male volunteers. For this purpose, we employed a 3T MR system with a 31 P/1 H volume transmit coil combined with a home-built 31 P phased-array receive probe, consisting of five coil elements covering the TA muscle length. Mono-exponential kPCr was determined for all coil elements after 40 s of submaximal isometric dorsiflexion (SUBMAX) and incremental exercise to exhaustion (EXH). In addition, muscle functional MRI (1 H mfMRI) was performed using the volume coil after another 40 s of SUBMAX. A strong gradient in kPCr was observed along the TA (P < 0.001), being two times higher proximally vs. distally during SUBMAX and EXH. Statistical analysis showed that this gradient cannot be explained by pH variations. A similar gradient was seen in the slope of the initial post-exercise 1 H mfMRI signal change, which was higher proximally than distally in both the TA and the extensor digitorum longus (P < 0.001) and strongly correlated with kPCr . The pronounced differences along the TA in functional oxidative capacity identify regional variation in the physiological demand of this muscle during everyday activities and have implications for the bio-energetic assessment of interventions to modify its performance and of neuromuscular disorders involving the TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Boss
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Heskamp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren J Bains
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J van Uden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Breukels V, Jansen KCFJ, van Heijster FHA, Capozzi A, van Bentum PJM, Schalken JA, Comment A, Scheenen TWJ. Direct dynamic measurement of intracellular and extracellular lactate in small-volume cell suspensions with (13)C hyperpolarised NMR. NMR Biomed 2015; 28:1040-1048. [PMID: 26123400 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarised (HP) (13)C NMR allows enzymatic activity to be probed in real time in live biological systems. The use of in vitro models gives excellent control of the cellular environment, crucial in the understanding of enzyme kinetics. The increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate in cancer cells has been well studied with HP (13)C NMR. Unfortunately, the equally important metabolic step of lactate transport out of the cell remains undetected, because intracellular and extracellular lactate are measured as a single resonance. Furthermore, typical experiments must be performed using tens of millions of cells, a large amount which can lead to a costly and sometimes highly challenging growing procedure. We present a relatively simple set-up that requires as little as two million cells with the spectral resolution to separate the intracellular and extracellular lactate resonances. The set-up is tested with suspensions of prostate cancer carcinoma cells (PC3) in combination with HP [1-(13)C]pyruvate. We obtained reproducible pyruvate to lactate label fluxes of 1.2 and 1.7 nmol/s per million cells at 2.5 and 5.0 mM pyruvate concentrations. The existence of a 3-Hz chemical shift difference between intracellular and extracellular lactate enabled us to determine the lactate transport rates in PC3. We deduced a lactate export rate of 0.3 s(-1) and observed a decrease in lactate transport on addition of the lactate transport inhibitor α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Breukels
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kees C F J Jansen
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frits H A van Heijster
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Capozzi
- Institute of Physics of Biological Systems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Jan M van Bentum
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jack A Schalken
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Comment
- Institute of Physics of Biological Systems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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7
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Lagemaat MW, Breukels V, Vos EK, Kerr AB, van Uden MJ, Orzada S, Bitz AK, Maas MC, Scheenen TWJ. (1)H MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate at 7T using spectral-spatial pulses. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:933-45. [PMID: 25943445 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the feasibility of prostate (1)H MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) using low-power spectral-spatial (SPSP) pulses at 7T, exploiting accurate spectral selection and spatial selectivity simultaneously. METHODS A double spin-echo sequence was equipped with SPSP refocusing pulses with a spectral selectivity of 1 ppm. Three-dimensional prostate (1)H-MRSI at 7T was performed with the SPSP-MRSI sequence using an 8-channel transmit array coil and an endorectal receive coil in three patients with prostate cancer and in one healthy subject. No additional water or lipid suppression pulses were used. RESULTS Prostate (1)H-MRSI could be obtained well within specific absorption rate (SAR) limits in a clinically feasible time (10 min). Next to the common citrate signals, the prostate spectra exhibited high spermine signals concealing creatine and sometimes also choline. Residual lipid signals were observed at the edges of the prostate because of limitations in spectral and spatial selectivity. CONCLUSION It is possible to perform prostate (1)H-MRSI at 7T with a SPSP-MRSI sequence while using separate transmit and receive coils. This low-SAR MRSI concept provides the opportunity to increase spatial resolution of MRSI within reasonable scan times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam W Lagemaat
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eline K Vos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Adam B Kerr
- Magnetic Resonance Systems Research Lab, Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark J van Uden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Orzada
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas K Bitz
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marnix C Maas
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Breukels V, Touw WG, Vuister GW. NMR structure note: solution structure of Ca²⁺ binding domain 2B of the third isoform of the Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger. J Biomol NMR 2012; 54:115-121. [PMID: 22806131 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-012-9654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Breukels
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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9
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Breukels V, Konijnenberg A, Nabuurs SM, Touw WG, Vuister GW. The Second Ca2+-Binding Domain of NCX1 Binds Mg2+ with High Affinity. Biochemistry 2011; 50:8804-12. [DOI: 10.1021/bi201134u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Breukels
- Protein Biophysics, Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Konijnenberg
- Protein Biophysics, Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne M. Nabuurs
- Protein Biophysics, Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter G. Touw
- Protein Biophysics, Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geerten W. Vuister
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster
Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, U.K
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Breukels V, Konijnenberg A, Nabuurs SM, Doreleijers JF, Kovalevskaya NV, Vuister GW. Overview on the use of NMR to examine protein structure. Curr Protoc Protein Sci 2011; Chapter 17:Unit17.5. [PMID: 21488042 DOI: 10.1002/0471140864.ps1705s64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Any protein structure determination process contains several steps, starting from obtaining a suitable sample, then moving on to acquiring data and spectral assignment, and lastly to the final steps of structure determination and validation. This unit describes all of these steps, starting with the basic physical principles behind NMR and some of the most commonly measured and observed phenomena such as chemical shift, scalar and residual coupling, and the nuclear Overhauser effect. Then, in somewhat more detail, the process of spectral assignment and structure elucidation is explained. Furthermore, the use of NMR to study protein-ligand interaction, protein dynamics, or protein folding is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Breukels
- Protein Biophysics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Breukels V, Vuister GW. Binding of calcium is sensed structurally and dynamically throughout the second calcium-binding domain of the sodium/calcium exchanger. Proteins 2010; 78:1813-24. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zhang H, Langeslag M, Breukels V, Jenks BG, Roubos EW, Scheenen WJJM. Calcium channel kinetics of melanotrope cells in Xenopus laevis depend on environmental stimulation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2008; 156:104-12. [PMID: 18206885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 12/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We have tested the hypothesis that the type and kinetics of voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels in a neuroendocrine cell depend on the cell's long-term external input. For this purpose, the presence and kinetics of both low (LVA) and high-voltage-activated (HVA) L-type Ca(2+) channels have been assessed in melanotrope pituitary cells of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. The secretory activity of this cell type can readily be manipulated in vivo by changing the animal's environmental light condition, from a black to a white background. We here show that, compared to white background-adapted Xenopus, melanotropes from black background-adapted frogs have (1) a much larger size, as revealed by their 2.5 times larger membrane capacitance (P<0.001), (2) a 2 times higher HVA current density (P<0.05), (3) a clearly smaller Ca(2+)-dependent inactivation (10%; P<0.05), (4) L-type channels with 5 times slower activation and inactivation kinetics (P<0.05), and (5) slower kinetics of L-type channels that become faster and more similar to those in white-background adapted cells when the intracellular Ca(2+)-buffering capacity is reduced. Furthermore, white-adapted melanotropes possess LVA-type Ca(2+) channels, which are lacking from cells from black-adapted animals. The melanotrope calmodulin mRNA level does not differ between the two adaptation states. These results indicate that HVA L-type channel kinetics differ in relation to environmentally induced changes in cellular secretory state, probably mediated via intracellular Ca(2+)-buffering, whereas the occurrence of LVA Ca(2+) channels may depend on environmentally controlled channel gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Cellular Animal Physiology, EURON European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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