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Dias Da Silva I, Wuidar V, Zielonka M, Pequeux C. Unraveling the Dynamics of Estrogen and Progesterone Signaling in the Endometrium: An Overview. Cells 2024; 13:1236. [PMID: 39120268 PMCID: PMC11312103 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The endometrium is crucial for the perpetuation of human species. It is a complex and dynamic tissue lining the inner wall of the uterus, regulated throughout a woman's life based on estrogen and progesterone fluctuations. During each menstrual cycle, this multicellular tissue undergoes cyclical changes, including regeneration, differentiation in order to allow egg implantation and embryo development, or shedding of the functional layer in the absence of pregnancy. The biology of the endometrium relies on paracrine interactions between epithelial and stromal cells involving complex signaling pathways that are modulated by the variations of estrogen and progesterone levels across the menstrual cycle. Understanding the complexity of estrogen and progesterone receptor signaling will help elucidate the mechanisms underlying normal reproductive physiology and provide fundamental knowledge contributing to a better understanding of the consequences of hormonal imbalances on gynecological conditions and tumorigenesis. In this narrative review, we delve into the physiology of the endometrium, encompassing the complex signaling pathways of estrogen and progesterone.
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Grants
- J.0165.24, 7.6529.23, J.0153.22, 7.4580.21F, 7.6518.21, J.0131.19 Fund for Scientific Research
- FSR-F-2023-FM, FSR-F-2022-FM, FSR-F-2021-FM, FSR-F-M-19/6761 University of Liège
- 2020, 2021, 2022 Fondation Léon Fredericq
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christel Pequeux
- Tumors and Development, Estrogen-Sensitive Tissues and Cancer Team, GIGA-Cancer, Laboratory of Biology, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (I.D.D.S.); (V.W.); (M.Z.)
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Furuminato K, Minatoya S, Senoo E, Goto T, Yamazaki S, Sakaguchi M, Toyota K, Iguchi T, Miyagawa S. The role of mesenchymal estrogen receptor 1 in mouse uterus in response to estrogen. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12293. [PMID: 37516793 PMCID: PMC10387046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens play important roles in uterine growth and homeostasis through estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2). To address the role of ESR1-mediated tissue events in the murine uterus, we analyzed mice with a mesenchymal tissue-specific knockout of Esr1. Isl1-driven Cre expression generated Esr1 deletion in the uterine stroma and endometrium (Isl-Esr1KO). We showed that overall structure of the Isl1-Esr1KO mouse uterus developed normally, but estrogen responsiveness and subsequent growth were defective, suggesting that mesenchymal ESR1 is necessary for both epithelial and mesenchymal cell proliferation. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the majority of estrogen-induced genes were regulated by stromal ESR1. In control mice, E2 administration induced 9476 up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), whereas only 1801 up-regulated DEGs were induced by E2 in Isl1-Esr1KO mice. We further showed that stromal ESR1-regulated genes in the mouse uterus included several growth factors and cytokines, which are potential factors that regulate epithelial and stromal tissue interaction, and also genes involved in lipid homeostasis. Therefore, we infer that stromal ESR1 expression is indispensable for most estrogen actions in the mouse uterus and the current results provide new insights into estrogen-mediated homeostasis in female reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Furuminato
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Saki Minatoya
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Eriko Senoo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Goto
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Sho Yamazaki
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Moeka Sakaguchi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Toyota
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto, Ishikawa, 927-0552, Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Shinichi Miyagawa
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Niijuku 6-3-1, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan.
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Popli P, Tang S, Chadchan SB, Talwar C, Rucker EB, Guan X, Monsivais D, Lydon JP, Stallings CL, Moley KH, Kommagani R. Beclin-1-dependent autophagy, but not apoptosis, is critical for stem-cell-mediated endometrial programming and the establishment of pregnancy. Dev Cell 2023; 58:885-897.e4. [PMID: 37040770 PMCID: PMC10289806 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The human endometrium shows a remarkable regenerative capacity that enables cyclical regeneration and remodeling throughout a woman's reproductive life. Although early postnatal uterine developmental cues direct this regeneration, the vital factors that govern early endometrial programming are largely unknown. We report that Beclin-1, an essential autophagy-associated protein, plays an integral role in uterine morphogenesis during the early postnatal period. We show that conditional depletion of Beclin-1 in the uterus triggers apoptosis and causes progressive loss of Lgr5+/Aldh1a1+ endometrial progenitor stem cells, with concomitant loss of Wnt signaling, which is crucial for stem cell renewal and epithelial gland development. Beclin-1 knockin (Becn1 KI) mice with disabled apoptosis exhibit normal uterine development. Importantly, the restoration of Beclin-1-driven autophagy, but not apoptosis, promotes normal uterine adenogenesis and morphogenesis. Together, the data suggest that Beclin-1-mediated autophagy acts as a molecular switch that governs the early uterine morphogenetic program by maintaining the endometrial progenitor stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Popli
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sangappa B Chadchan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edmund B Rucker
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Xiaoming Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christina L Stallings
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kelle H Moley
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Violette CJ, Agarwal R, Mandelbaum RS, González JL, Hong KM, Roman LD, Klar M, Wright JD, Paulson RJ, Obermair A, Matsuo K. The potential role of GLP-1 receptor agonist targeting in fertility-sparing treatment in obese patients with endometrial malignant pathology: a call for research. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:385-395. [PMID: 36944434 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2194636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia or cancer are obese. Obesity, along with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), may act synergistically to increase risk of malignant endometrial pathology. Incidence of malignant endometrial pathology is increasing, particularly in reproductive aged women. In patients who desire future fertility, the levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) is often utilized. If the first-line progestin therapy fails, there is not an effective second-line adjunct option. Moreover, pregnancy rates following fertility-sparing treatment are lower-than-expected in these patients. AREAS COVERED This clinical opinion provides a summary of recent studies exploring risk factors for the development of malignant endometrial pathology including obesity, PCOS, and T2DM. Studies assessing efficacy of fertility-sparing treatment of malignant endometrial pathology are reviewed and a potential new adjunct treatment approach to LNG-IUD is explored. EXPERT OPINION There is an unmet-need for a personalized treatment approach in cases of first-line progestin treatment failure. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists are a class of anti-diabetic agents, but may have a role in fertility-sparing treatment of obese patients with malignant endometrial pathology by reducing weight, decreasing inflammation, and decreasing insulin resistance; these changes may also improve chances of subsequent pregnancy. This hypothesis warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Violette
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ravi Agarwal
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel S Mandelbaum
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - José L González
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kurt M Hong
- Center of Clinical Nutrition and Applied Health Research, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynda D Roman
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maximilan Klar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jason D Wright
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard J Paulson
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Obermair
- Queensland Centre for Gynaecological Cancer, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Guo R, Yi Z, Wang Y, Wang L. Network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule in endometriosis treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1110995. [PMID: 36817586 PMCID: PMC9935822 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1110995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SZC) is gradually becoming widely used in the treatment of endometriosis (EMs) and has demonstrated an excellent curative effect in the clinic. However, the active components and mechanisms of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SZC) in the treatment of endometriosis (EMs) remain unclear, and further research is needed to explore the effects of Sanjie Zhentong Capsule (SZC). MATERIALS AND METHODS First, a drug target database of Sanjie Zhentong capsule (SZC) was established by consulting the TCMSP database and related literature. An endometriosis (EMs) disease target database was then established by consulting the GeneCards, OMIM and Drug Bank databases. The overlapping genes of SZC and EMs were determined, and protein-protein interactions (PPIs), gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) analyses were performed to predict the potential therapeutic mechanisms. Molecular docking was used to observe whether the key active ingredients and targets predicted by network pharmacology had good binding energy. Finally, in vitro experiments such as CCK-8, flow cytometry and RT-PCR assays were carried out to preliminarily verify the potential mechanisms. RESULTS Through the construction of a pharmacological network, we identified a total of 28 active components in SZC and 52 potential therapeutic targets. According to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, the effects of SZC treatment may be related to oxidative stress, steroid metabolism, apoptosis and proliferation. We also experimentally confirmed that SZC can regulate the expression of steroid hormone biosynthesis-related genes, inhibit ectopic endometrial stromal cell (EESC) proliferation and oxidative stress, and promote apoptosis. CONCLUSION This study explored the potential mechanism of SZC in the treatment of EMs through network pharmacology and experiments, providing a basis for further future research on SZC in the treatment of EMs.
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Gonzalez A, Berg MD, Southey B, Dean M. Effect of estradiol and IGF1 on glycogen synthesis in bovine uterine epithelial cells. Reproduction 2022; 164:97-108. [PMID: 35900330 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In brief Glucose is an important nutrient for the endometrium and embryo during pregnancy. This study shows that estradiol (E2)/IGF1 signaling stimulates glycogen synthesis in the uterine epithelium of cows, which could provide glucose when needed. Abstract Glycogen storage in the uterine epithelium peaks near estrus and is a potential source of glucose for the endometrium and embryos. However, the hormonal regulation of glycogen synthesis in the uterine epithelium is poorly understood. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of E2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) on glycogenesis in immortalized bovine uterine epithelial (BUTE) cells. Treatment of BUTE cells with E2 (0.1-10 nM) did not increase glycogen levels. However, treatment of BUTE cells with IGF1 (50 or 100 ng/mL) resulted in a >2-fold increase in glycogen. To determine if the uterine stroma produced IGF1 in response to E2, bovine uterine fibroblasts were treated with E2, which increased IGF1 levels. Immunohistochemistry showed higher levels of IGF1 in the stroma on day 1 than on day 11, which coincides with higher glycogen levels in the uterine epithelium. Western blots revealed that IGF1 treatment increased the levels of phospho-AKT, phospho-GSKβ, hexokinase 1, and glycogen synthase in BUTE cells. Metabolomic (GC-MS) analysis showed that IGF1 increased 3-phosphoglycerate and lactate, potentially indicative of increased flux through glycolysis. We also found higher levels of N-acetyl-glucosamine and protein glycosylation after IGF1 treatment, indicating increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway activity. In conclusion, IGF1 is produced by uterine fibroblasts due to E2, and IGF1 increases glucose metabolism and glycogenesis in uterine epithelial cells. Glycogen stored in the uterine epithelium due to E2/IGF1 signaling at estrus could provide glucose to the endometrium or be secreted into the uterine lumen as a component of histotroph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Gonzalez
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Malia D Berg
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce Southey
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthew Dean
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Mozihim AK, Chung I, Said NABM, Jamil AHA. Reprogramming of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Gynaecological Cancers: Is There a Role for Oestradiol? Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040350. [PMID: 35448537 PMCID: PMC9031151 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynaecological cancers are among the leading causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to sustain the production of energy and macromolecules required for cell growth, division and survival. Emerging evidence has provided significant insights into the integral role of fatty acids on tumourigenesis, but the metabolic role of high endogenous oestrogen levels and increased gynaecological cancer risks, notably in obesity, is less understood. This is becoming a renewed research interest, given the recently established association between obesity and incidence of many gynaecological cancers, including breast, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers. This review article, hence, comprehensively discusses how FA metabolism is altered in these gynaecological cancers, highlighting the emerging role of oestradiol on the actions of key regulatory enzymes of lipid metabolism, either directly through its classical ER pathways, or indirectly via the IGIFR pathway. Given the dramatic rise in obesity and parallel increase in the prevalence of gynaecological cancers among premenopausal women, further clarifications of the complex mechanisms underpinning gynaecological cancers are needed to inform future prevention efforts. Hence, in our review, we also highlight opportunities where metabolic dependencies can be exploited as viable therapeutic targets for these hormone-responsive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azilleo Kristo Mozihim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Akmarina B. M. Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
| | - Amira Hajirah Abd Jamil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-7967-4909
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Sirohi VK, Medrano TI, Mesa AM, Kannan A, Bagchi IC, Cooke PS. Regulation of AKT Signaling in Mouse Uterus. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqab233. [PMID: 34791100 PMCID: PMC8667855 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2) treatment of ovariectomized adult mice stimulates the uterine PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and epithelial proliferation through estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1). However, epithelial proliferation occurs independently of E2/ESR1 signaling in neonatal uteri. Similarly, estrogen-independent uterine epithelial proliferation is seen in adulthood in mice lacking Ezh2, critical for histone methylation, and in wild-type (WT) mice treated neonatally with estrogen. The role of AKT in estrogen-independent uterine epithelial proliferation was the focus of this study. Expression of the catalytically active phosphorylated form of AKT (p-AKT) and epithelial proliferation were high in estrogen receptor 1 knockout and WT mice at postnatal day 6, when E2 concentrations were low, indicating that neither ESR1 nor E2 are essential for p-AKT expression and epithelial proliferation in these mice. However, p-AKT levels and proliferation remained estrogen responsive in preweaning WT mice. Expression of p-AKT and proliferation were both high in uterine luminal epithelium of mice estrogenized neonatally and ovariectomized during adulthood. Increased expression of phosphorylated (inactive) EZH2 was also observed. Consistent with this, Ezh2 conditional knockout mice show ovary-independent uterine epithelial proliferation and high epithelial p-AKT. Thus, adult p-AKT expression is constitutive and E2/ESR1 independent in both model systems. Finally, E2-induced p-AKT expression and normal uterine proliferation did not occur in mice lacking membrane (m)ESR1, indicating a key role for membrane ESR1 in AKT activation. These findings emphasize the importance of AKT activation in promoting uterine epithelial proliferation even when that proliferation is not E2/ESR1 dependent and further indicate that p-AKT can be uncoupled from E2/ESR1 signaling in several experimental scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Sirohi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Theresa I Medrano
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ana M Mesa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Athilakshmi Kannan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Indrani C Bagchi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Paul S Cooke
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Zhou C, Lv M, Wang P, Guo C, Ni Z, Bao H, Tang Y, Cai H, Lu J, Deng W, Yang X, Xia G, Wang H, Wang C, Kong S. Sequential activation of uterine epithelial IGF1R by stromal IGF1 and embryonic IGF2 directs normal uterine preparation for embryo implantation. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:646-661. [PMID: 34097060 PMCID: PMC8648386 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation in both humans and rodents is initiated by the attachment of a blastocyst to the uterine epithelium. For blastocyst attachment, the uterine epithelium needs to transform at both the structural and molecular levels first, and then initiate the interaction with trophectoderm. Any perturbation during this process will result in implantation failure or long-term adverse pregnancy outcomes. Endocrine steroid hormones, which function through nuclear receptors, combine with the local molecules produced by the uteri or embryo to facilitate implantation. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling has been reported to play a vital role during pregnancy. However, its physiological function during implantation remains elusive. This study revealed that mice with conditional deletion of Igf1r gene in uteri suffered from subfertility, mainly due to the disturbed uterine receptivity and abnormal embryo implantation. Mechanistically, we uncovered that in response to the nidatory estrogen on D4 of pregnancy, the epithelial IGF1R, stimulated by the stromal cell-produced IGF1, facilitated epithelial STAT3 activation to modulate the epithelial depolarity. Furthermore, embryonic derived IGF2 could activate both the epithelial ERK1/2 and STAT3 signaling through IGF1R, which was critical for the transcription of Cox2 and normal attachment reaction. In brief, our data revealed that epithelial IGF1R was sequentially activated by the uterine stromal IGF1 and embryonic IGF2 to guarantee normal epithelium differentiation during the implantation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meiying Lv
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peike Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuanhui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhangli Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haili Bao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yedong Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Han Cai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenbo Deng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Fuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, NingXia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangbo Kong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Melendez B, Shah S, Jiang Y, Dottino J, Watson E, Pearce H, Borthwick M, Schmandt RE, Zhang Q, Cumpian K, Celestino J, Fellman B, Yuan Y, Lu KH, Mikos AG, Yates MS. Novel polymer-based system for intrauterine delivery of everolimus for anti-cancer applications. J Control Release 2021; 339:521-530. [PMID: 34648891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-surgical treatment options for low-grade endometrial cancer and precancerous lesions are a critical unmet need for women who wish to preserve fertility or are unable to undergo hysterectomy. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently activated in endometrial cancers and has been associated with resistance to endocrine therapy, making it a compelling target for early stage disease. Oral everolimus, an inhibitor against mTORC1, has shown clinical benefit in advanced or recurrent disease but has severe adverse effects that may lead to treatment interruption or dose reduction. To overcome this, we developed a polymer-based intrauterine delivery system to achieve persistent, local delivery of everolimus without systemic exposure. In vivo studies, using a rat model, showed that a poly(propylene fumarate)-based rod loaded with everolimus achieved everolimus delivery to the endometrium with levels similar to oral administration, but with limited systemic exposure and up to 84 days of release. Biological activity of everolimus delivered with this system was confirmed, measured by reduced lumen epithelial cell height and PI3K pathway biomarkers. This study shows a promising new delivery approach for anti-cancer drugs for non-surgical treatment of low-grade endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Melendez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Sarita Shah
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Yunyun Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Joseph Dottino
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Emma Watson
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Hannah Pearce
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Mikayla Borthwick
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Rosemarie E Schmandt
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Kayleah Cumpian
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Joseph Celestino
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Bryan Fellman
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Karen H Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Melinda S Yates
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
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11
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Sekulovski N, Whorton AE, Shi M, Hayashi K, MacLean JA. Insulin signaling is an essential regulator of endometrial proliferation and implantation in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21440. [PMID: 33749878 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002448r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin signaling is critical for the development of preovulatory follicles and progression through the antral stage. Using a conditional knockout model that escapes this blockage, we recently described the role of insulin signaling in granulosa cells during the periovulatory window in mice lacking Insr and Igf1r driven by Pgr-Cre. These mice were infertile, exhibiting defects in ovulation, luteinization, steroidogenesis, and early embryo development. Herein, we demonstrate that while these mice exhibit normal uterine receptivity, uterine cell proliferation and decidualization are compromised resulting in complete absence of embryo implantation in uteri lacking both receptors. While the histological organization of double knockout mice appeared normal, the thickness of their endometrium was significantly reduced. This was supported by the reduced proliferation of both epithelial and stromal cells during the preimplantation stages of pregnancy. Expression and localization of the main drivers of uterine proliferation, ESR1 and PGR, was normal in knockouts, suggesting that insulin signaling acts downstream of these two receptors. While AKT/PI3K signaling was unaffected by insulin receptor ablation, activation of p44/42 MAPK was significantly reduced in both single and double knockout uteri at 3.5 dpc. Overall, we conclude that both INSR and IGF1R are necessary for optimal endometrial proliferation and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Sekulovski
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Allison E Whorton
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Mingxin Shi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA.,Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - James A MacLean
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA.,Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.,School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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12
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Menze ET, Ezzat H, Shawky S, Sami M, Selim EH, Ahmed S, Maged N, Nadeem N, Eldash S, Michel HE. Simvastatin mitigates depressive-like behavior in ovariectomized rats: Possible role of NLRP3 inflammasome and estrogen receptors' modulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107582. [PMID: 33774267 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that females are more vulnerable than males to stress-related psychiatric disorders, particularly during perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been widely used for the management of postmenopausal depression. However, HRT could be associated with severe adverse effects, including increased risk for coronary heart disease, breast cancer and endometrial cancer. Thus, there is a pressing demand for novel therapeutic options for postmenopausal depression without sacrificing uterine health. Simvastatin (SIM) was proven to have neuroprotective activities besides its hypocholesterolemic effect, the former can be attributed to its, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, many reports highlighted that SIM has estrogenic activity and was able to induce the expression of estrogen receptors in rats. The present study showed that SIM (20 mg/kg, p.o.) markedly attenuated depressive-like behavior in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Moreover, SIM prohibited hippocampal microglial activation, abrogated P2X7 receptor, TLR2 and TLR4 expression, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, with subsequent reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators; IL-1β and IL-18. Furthermore, a marked elevation in hippocampal expression of ERα and ERβ was noted in SIM-treated animals, without any significant effect on uterine relative weight or ERα expression. Taken together, SIM could provide a safer alternative for HRT for the management of postmenopausal depression, without any hyperplastic effect on the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther T Menze
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hager Ezzat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma Shawky
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman H Selim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran Maged
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nancy Nadeem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Haidy E Michel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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13
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Retis-Resendiz AM, González-García IN, León-Juárez M, Camacho-Arroyo I, Cerbón M, Vázquez-Martínez ER. The role of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of gene expression in the cyclical endometrium. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:116. [PMID: 34034824 PMCID: PMC8146649 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human endometrium is a highly dynamic tissue whose function is mainly regulated by the ovarian steroid hormones estradiol and progesterone. The serum levels of these and other hormones are associated with three specific phases that compose the endometrial cycle: menstrual, proliferative, and secretory. Throughout this cycle, the endometrium exhibits different transcriptional networks according to the genes expressed in each phase. Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial in the fine-tuning of gene expression to generate such transcriptional networks. The present review aims to provide an overview of current research focused on the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression in the cyclical endometrium and discuss the technical and clinical perspectives regarding this topic. MAIN BODY The main epigenetic mechanisms reported are DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and non-coding RNAs. These epigenetic mechanisms induce the expression of genes associated with transcriptional regulation, endometrial epithelial growth, angiogenesis, and stromal cell proliferation during the proliferative phase. During the secretory phase, epigenetic mechanisms promote the expression of genes associated with hormone response, insulin signaling, decidualization, and embryo implantation. Furthermore, the global content of specific epigenetic modifications and the gene expression of non-coding RNAs and epigenetic modifiers vary according to the menstrual cycle phase. In vitro and cell type-specific studies have demonstrated that epithelial and stromal cells undergo particular epigenetic changes that modulate their transcriptional networks to accomplish their function during decidualization and implantation. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES Epigenetic mechanisms are emerging as key players in regulating transcriptional networks associated with key processes and functions of the cyclical endometrium. Further studies using next-generation sequencing and single-cell technology are warranted to explore the role of other epigenetic mechanisms in each cell type that composes the endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle. The application of this knowledge will definitively provide essential information to understand the pathological mechanisms of endometrial diseases, such as endometriosis and endometrial cancer, and to identify potential therapeutic targets and improve women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Monserrat Retis-Resendiz
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ixchel Nayeli González-García
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Moisés León-Juárez
- Departamento de Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ricardo Vázquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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14
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McGlade EA, Herrera GG, Stephens KK, Olsen SLW, Winuthayanon S, Guner J, Hewitt SC, Korach KS, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP, Monsivais D, Winuthayanon W. Cell-type specific analysis of physiological action of estrogen in mouse oviducts. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21563. [PMID: 33818810 PMCID: PMC8189321 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002747r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
One of the endogenous estrogens, 17β-estradiol (E2 ) is a female steroid hormone secreted from the ovary. It is well established that E2 causes biochemical and histological changes in the uterus. However, it is not completely understood how E2 regulates the oviductal environment in vivo. In this study, we assessed the effect of E2 on each oviductal cell type, using an ovariectomized-hormone-replacement mouse model, single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), in situ hybridization, and cell-type-specific deletion in mice. We found that each cell type in the oviduct responded to E2 distinctively, especially ciliated and secretory epithelial cells. The treatment of exogenous E2 did not drastically alter the transcriptomic profile from that of endogenous E2 produced during estrus. Moreover, we have identified and validated genes of interest in our datasets that may be used as cell- and region-specific markers in the oviduct. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) was characterized as an E2 -target gene in the mouse oviduct and was also expressed in human fallopian tubes. Deletion of Igf1 in progesterone receptor (Pgr)-expressing cells resulted in female subfertility, partially due to an embryo developmental defect and embryo retention within the oviduct. In summary, we have shown that oviductal cell types, including epithelial, stromal, and muscle cells, are differentially regulated by E2 and support gene expression changes, such as growth factors that are required for normal embryo development and transport in mouse models. Furthermore, we have identified cell-specific and region-specific gene markers for targeted studies and functional analysis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. McGlade
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Gerardo G. Herrera
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Kalli K. Stephens
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sierra L. W. Olsen
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sarayut Winuthayanon
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Joie Guner
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Center for Drug Discovery, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sylvia C. Hewitt
- Department of Health and Human Services, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH/NIEHS), NC, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Korach
- Department of Health and Human Services, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH/NIEHS), NC, USA
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- Department of Health and Human Services, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH/NIEHS), NC, USA
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diana Monsivais
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Center for Drug Discovery, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wipawee Winuthayanon
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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15
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Merritt MA, Strickler HD, Hutson AD, Einstein MH, Rohan TE, Xue X, Sherman ME, Brinton LA, Yu H, Miller DS, Ramirez NC, Lankes HA, Birrer MJ, Huang GS, Gunter MJ. Sex Hormones, Insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factors in Recurrence of High-Stage Endometrial Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:719-726. [PMID: 33622671 PMCID: PMC8026669 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of sex hormone and insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis signaling on endometrial cancer recurrence is unknown. We evaluated these pathways in a prospective cohort of Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)0210 trial endometrial adenocarcinoma patients. METHODS Stage II-IV patients (N = 816) were included in this study. Pretreatment specimens were tested for tumor mRNA and protein expression of IGF1, IGF2, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)-1 and -3, insulin (IR) and IGF-I receptors (IGF1R), phosphorylated IR/IGF1R (pIGF1R/pIR), and estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) using qPCR and IHC. Serum concentrations of insulin, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, estradiol, estrone, and sex hormone binding globulin were measured. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for progression-free survival were calculated from Cox models adjusting for age, stage, and grade. RESULTS Recurrence occurred in 280 (34%) cases during a median of 4.6 years of follow-up. ER positivity (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.47-0.95), IR positivity (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29-0.98), and circulating IGF-I (highest vs. lowest quartile: HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47-0.92) were inversely associated with recurrence risk. Circulating estradiol (highest vs. lowest tertile: HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.02-2.36) and pIGF1R/pIR positivity (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.02-1.92) were associated with increased recurrence risk. CONCLUSIONS Circulating estradiol and tumor tissue phosphorylated (activated) IGR1R/IR were independently associated with higher risk of recurrence in patients with endometrial cancer. IMPACT This study may inform future clinical trials of endocrine-targeted adjuvant therapies in patients with endometrial cancer that could include baseline assessment of serum and tissue biomarkers of estradiol and insulin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Merritt
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Howard D Strickler
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, Bronx, New York
| | - Alan D Hutson
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mark H Einstein
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women's Health, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Thomas E Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, Bronx, New York
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - David S Miller
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Heather A Lankes
- NRG Oncology/Operations Center-Philadelphia East, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael J Birrer
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Gloria S Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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16
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Furukawa M, Izumo N, Manabe T, Kurono H, Hayamizu K, Nakano M, Watanabe Y. Therapeutic effects of sertraline on improvement of Ovariectomy-induced decreased spontaneous activity in mice. Drug Discov Ther 2021; 15:28-34. [PMID: 33627575 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2020.03117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have already reported that ovariectomized (OVX) rats reduced the spontaneous activity during the dark period due to the decease of serotonin release in the amygdala. In this study, we examined the potential of sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on the recovery of less spontaneous activity seen in mice with OVX-induced despair-like behaviors. Female 9-week old ICR mice were underwent either OVX or sham surgery. Sertraline (10 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or saline were started to administer to each group for 8 weeks (6 times/week) from the 8th week after OVX. Each spontaneous activity of mouse was evaluated during the dark period (19:00-07:00) using an infrared sensor. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) were measured in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex using by a real-time PCR method. We found out that the OVX-induced despair-like behaviors were improved by the continuous administration of sertraline. After treatment of OVX, our real-time PCR data showed that sertraline significantly suppressed the upregulation of XBP1 expression levels in both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, although this suppression of the downregulation of TPH expression levels was seen in only hippocampus. These results suggest that sertraline improves the decrease in spontaneous activity induced by OVX assessed by the hippocampus suppressing decreased serotonin synthesis in the serotonergic neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Furukawa
- Center for pharmaceutical education, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Izumo
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Manabe
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Neuropharmacology, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Chukyogakuin University, Mizunami, Gifu, Japan
| | - Haruna Kurono
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Neuropharmacology, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Chukyogakuin University, Mizunami, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Hayamizu
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakano
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Watanabe
- General Health Medical Center, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
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17
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Dottino JA, Zhang Q, Loose DS, Fellman B, Melendez BD, Borthwick MS, McKenzie LJ, Yuan Y, Yang RK, Broaddus RR, Lu KH, Soliman PT, Yates MS. Endometrial biomarkers in premenopausal women with obesity: an at-risk cohort. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 224:278.e1-278.e14. [PMID: 32835719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a well-known risk factor for endometrial cancer, but the mechanisms of obesity-related carcinogenesis are not well defined, particularly for premenopausal women. With the continuing obesity epidemic, increases in the incidence of endometrial cancer and a younger age of diagnosis are often attributed to a hyperestrogenic state created by hormone production in adipose tissue, but significant knowledge gaps remain. The balance of estrogen-responsive signals has not been defined in the endometrium of premenopausal women with obesity, where obesity may not create hyperestrogenism in the context of ovaries being the primary source of estrogen production. Obesity is associated with a state of low-grade, chronic inflammation that can promote tumorigenesis, and it is also known that hormonal changes alter the immune microenvironment of the endometrium. However, limited research has been conducted on endometrial immune-response changes in women who have an increased risk for cancer due to obesity. OBJECTIVE Endometrial estrogen-regulated biomarkers, previously shown to be dysregulated in endometrial cancer, were evaluated in a cohort of premenopausal women to determine if obesity is associated with differences in the biomarker expression levels, which might reflect an altered risk of developing cancer. The expression of a multiplexed panel of immune-related genes was also evaluated for expression differences related to obesity. STUDY DESIGN Premenopausal women with a body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2 (n=97) or a body mass index of ≤25 kg/m2 (n=33) were prospectively enrolled in this cross-sectional study, which included the assessment of serum metabolic markers and a timed endometrial biopsy for pathologic evaluation, hormone-regulated biomarker analysis, and immune response gene expression analysis. Medical and gynecologic histories were obtained. Endometrial gene expression markers were also compared across the body mass index groups in a previous cohort of premenopausal women with an inherited cancer risk (Lynch syndrome). RESULTS In addition to known systemic metabolic differences, histologically normal endometria from women with obesity showed a decrease in gene expression of progesterone receptor (P=.0027) and the estrogen-induced genes retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (P=.008), insulin-like growth factor 1 (P=.016), and survivin (P=.042) when compared with women without obesity. The endometrial biomarkers insulin-like growth factor 1, survivin, and progesterone receptor remained statistically significant in multivariate linear regression models. In contrast, women with obesity and Lynch syndrome had an increased expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (P=.017). There were no differences in endometrial proliferation, and limited endometrial immune differences were observed. CONCLUSION When comparing premenopausal women with and without obesity in the absence of endometrial pathology or an inherited cancer risk, the expression of the endometrial biomarkers does not reflect a local hyperestrogenic environment, but it instead reflects a decreased cancer risk profile that may be indicative of a compensated state. In describing premenopausal endometrial cancer risk, it may be insufficient to attribute a high-risk state to obesity alone; further studies are warranted to evaluate individualized biomarker profiles for differences in the hormone-responsive signals or immune response. In patients with Lynch syndrome, the endometrial biomarker profile suggests that obesity further increases the risk of developing cancer.
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18
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McAvey B, Kuokkanen S, Zhu L, Pollard JW. The selective progesterone receptor modulator, telapristone acetate, is a mixed antagonist/agonist in the human and mouse endometrium and inhibits pregnancy in mice. F&S SCIENCE 2021; 2:59-70. [PMID: 35559765 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the selective progesterone receptor modulator, telapristone acetate (CDB-4124), on endometrial biology and reproductive outcomes. Ovariectomized and hormone-treated CD1 female mice, CD1 female mice with xenotransplants of reconstructed human endometrial tissue, mated wildtype female mice, and cultured human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) were treated with CDB-4124, followed by the assessment of endometrial cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) proliferation, stromal decidual response, and embryo implantation. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENTS Healthy volunteer women from the community were recruited for endometrial biopsies. ANIMALS CD1 out-bred mice (Charles River Laboratories) and nude mice, NU/J (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME). INTERVENTION Treatment of mice and hESCs with CDB-4124. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The effect of CDB-4124 on endometrial cell morphology and DNA synthesis, decidual response, and mouse embryo implantation. RESULTS CDB-4124 inhibited estradiol-induced epithelial DNA synthesis in the mouse uterus and xenotransplanted human endometrium. This antiproliferative effect was less than that of progesterone (P4) and was observed when CDB-4124 was administered alone or concomitantly with P4. In the uterine epithelium, CDB-4124 acted as a P4 agonist and partial antagonist. In contrast, CDB-4124 acted as a complete P4 antagonist in the uterine stroma, where it blocked P4's action to induce a decidual response in the pseudopregnant mouse uterus and wildtype mouse uterus after copulation. In mated female mice, CDB-4124 impaired embryo implantation. Similarly, CDB-4124 inhibited the morphological and biochemical transformations of hESCs to decidual cells in vitro. CONCLUSION CDB-4124 exerts mixed P4 antagonistic/agonistic effects in the human and mouse endometrium, which result in failed embryo implantation because of the absence of stromal decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth McAvey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York; Ichan School of Medicine, RMA, New York
| | - Satu Kuokkanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York; NYU Langone Reproductive Specialists of NY, NYU Langone School of Medicine, NYU Langone Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York
| | - Liyin Zhu
- Department of Developmental & Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburg, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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19
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Mann SN, Pitel KS, Nelson-Holte MH, Iwaniec UT, Turner RT, Sathiaseelan R, Kirkland JL, Schneider A, Morris KT, Malayannan S, Hawse JR, Stout MB. 17α-Estradiol prevents ovariectomy-mediated obesity and bone loss. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111113. [PMID: 33065227 PMCID: PMC8351143 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Menopause is a natural physiological process in older women that is associated with reduced estrogen production and results in increased risk for obesity, diabetes, and osteoporosis. 17α-estradiol (17α-E2) treatment in males, but not females, reverses several metabolic conditions associated with advancing age, highlighting sexually dimorphic actions on age-related pathologies. In this study we sought to determine if 17α-E2 could prevent ovariectomy (OVX)-mediated detriments on adiposity and bone parameters in females. Eight-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to SHAM or OVX surgery and received dietary 17α-E2 during a six-week intervention period. We observed that 17α-E2 prevented OVX-induced increases in body weight and adiposity. Similarly, uterine weight and luminal cell thickness were decreased by OVX and prevented by 17α-E2 treatment. Interestingly, 17α-E2 prevented OVX-induced declines in tibial metaphysis cancellous bone. And similarly, 17α-E2 improved bone density parameters in both tibia and femur cancellous bone, primarily in OVX mice. In contrast, to the effects on cancellous bone, cortical bone parameters were largely unaffected by OVX or 17α-E2. In the non-weight bearing lumbar vertebrae, OVX reduced trabecular thickness but not spacing, while 17α-E2 increased trabecular thickness and reduced spacing. Despite this, 17α-E2 did improve bone volume/tissue volume in lumbar vertebrae. Overall, we found that 17α-E2 prevented OVX-induced increases in adiposity and changes in bone mass and architecture, with minimal effects in SHAM-operated mice. We also observed that 17α-E2 rescued uterine tissue mass and lining morphology to control levels without inducing hypertrophy, suggesting that 17α-E2 could be considered as an adjunct to traditional hormone replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani N Mann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Kevin S Pitel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Molly H Nelson-Holte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Russell T Turner
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Roshini Sathiaseelan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | | | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Katherine T Morris
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | | | - John R Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Michael B Stout
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Oklahoma Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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20
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Pluripotent Stem (VSELs) and Progenitor (EnSCs) Cells Exist in Adult Mouse Uterus and Show Cyclic Changes Across Estrus Cycle. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:278-290. [PMID: 32710237 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We have earlier reported pluripotent, very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and slightly bigger endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) in adult mouse uterus and their regulation by gonadotropin and steroid hormones. VSELs can differentiate into cells of all three lineages in vitro; however, they neither expand readily in vitro nor compliment a developing embryo. In the present study, a robust protocol is described to enrich uterine stem/progenitor cells along with their characterization and variation across estrus cycle. After enzymatic digestion of adult mouse uterus, single-cell suspension obtained was spun at 1000 rpm (250 g) to pellet majority of cells. Stem cells remain buoyant at this speed and were pelleted by spinning supernatant at 3000 rpm (1000 g). Spherical, darkly stained VSELs (2-6 μm) with high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio and EnSCs (> 6 μm) expressed OCT-4, NANOG, SSEA-1, SCA-1, and c-KIT. OCT-4-positive cells co-expressed SSEA-1, ERα, ERβ, PR, and FSHR. Transcripts specific for pluripotent state (Oct-4, Oct-4a, Sox-2, Nanog), primordial germ cells (Stella, Fragilis), and receptors for pituitary and steroid hormones (ERα, ERβ, PR, FSHR 1 and 3) were studied by RT-PCR in 3000 rpm pellet. Cell pellet collected at 3000 rpm showed 10-fold enrichment of VSELs (2-6 μm, viable cells with surface phenotype of LIN-CD45-SCA-1+) by flow cytometry and upregulation of pluripotent transcripts by qRT-PCR compared with 1000 rpm pellet. VSELs were maximal during estrus and metestrus phases of estrus cycle. To conclude, VSELs/EnSCs can be enriched from adult uterus using the strategy described here, vary in numbers across estrus cycle, and are vulnerable to endocrine disruption as they express steroid receptors.
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21
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Wang L, Yu C, Chang T, Zhang M, Song S, Xiong C, Su P, Xiang W. In situ repair abilities of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid gel complex in rhesus monkeys with intrauterine adhesion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba6357. [PMID: 32494750 PMCID: PMC7244313 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Increasing occurrence of moderate to severe intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is seriously affecting the quality of human life. The aim of the study was to establish IUA models in nonhuman primates and to explore the dual repair effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs) loaded on autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid gel (HA-GEL) on endometrial damage and adhesion. Here, we recorded the menstrual cycle data in detail with uterine cavities observed and endometrial tissues detected after intervention, and the thicker endometria, decreased amount of fibrotic formation, increased number of endometrium glands, etc., suggested that both HA-GEL and huMSC/HA-GEL complexes could partially repair IUA caused by mechanical injury, but huMSC/HA-GEL complex transplantation had notable dual repair effects: a reliable antiadhesion property and the promotion of endometrial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mengdi Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Su Song
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengliang Xiong
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pin Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Luo J, Liu D. Does GPER Really Function as a G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in vivo? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:148. [PMID: 32296387 PMCID: PMC7137379 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen can elicit pleiotropic cellular responses via a diversity of estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated genomic and rapid non-genomic mechanisms. Unlike the genomic responses, where the classical nuclear ERα and ERβ act as transcriptional factors following estrogen binding to regulate gene transcription in estrogen target tissues, the non-genomic cellular responses to estrogen are believed to start at the plasma membrane, leading to rapid activation of second messengers-triggered cytoplasmic signal transduction cascades. The recently acknowledged ER, GPR30 or GPER, was discovered in human breast cancer cells two decades ago and subsequently in many other cells. Since its discovery, it has been claimed that estrogen, ER antagonist fulvestrant, as well as some estrogenic compounds can directly bind to GPER, and therefore initiate the non-genomic cellular responses. Various recently developed genetic tools as well as chemical ligands greatly facilitated research aimed at determining the physiological roles of GPER in different tissues. However, there is still lack of evidence that GPER plays a significant role in mediating endogenous estrogen action in vivo. This review summarizes current knowledge about GPER, including its tissue expression and cellular localization, with emphasis on the research findings elucidating its role in health and disease. Understanding the role of GPER in estrogen signaling will provide opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies to strengthen the benefits of estrogen while limiting the potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dongmin Liu
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23
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Massimiani M, Lacconi V, La Civita F, Ticconi C, Rago R, Campagnolo L. Molecular Signaling Regulating Endometrium-Blastocyst Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E23. [PMID: 31861484 PMCID: PMC6981505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantation of the embryo into the uterine endometrium is one of the most finely-regulated processes that leads to the establishment of a successful pregnancy. A plethora of factors are released in a time-specific fashion to synchronize the differentiation program of both the embryo and the endometrium. Indeed, blastocyst implantation in the uterus occurs in a limited time frame called the "window of implantation" (WOI), during which the maternal endometrium undergoes dramatic changes, collectively called "decidualization". Decidualization is guided not just by maternal factors (e.g., estrogen, progesterone, thyroid hormone), but also by molecules secreted by the embryo, such as chorionic gonadotropin (CG) and interleukin-1β (IL-1 β), just to cite few. Once reached the uterine cavity, the embryo orients correctly toward the uterine epithelium, interacts with specialized structures, called pinopodes, and begins the process of adhesion and invasion. All these events are guided by factors secreted by both the endometrium and the embryo, such as leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), integrins and their ligands, adhesion molecules, Notch family members, and metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the factors and mechanisms regulating implantation, with a focus on those involved in the complex crosstalk between the blastocyst and the endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Massimiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (V.L.); (F.L.C.)
- Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro, 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lacconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (V.L.); (F.L.C.)
| | - Fabio La Civita
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (V.L.); (F.L.C.)
| | - Carlo Ticconi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rocco Rago
- Physiopathology of Reproduction and Andrology Unit, Sandro Pertini Hospital, Via dei Monti Tiburtini 385/389, 00157 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (V.L.); (F.L.C.)
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24
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Shetty A, Venkatesh T, Tsutsumi R, Suresh PS. Gene expression changes and promoter methylation with the combined effects of estradiol and leptin in uterine tissue of the ovariectomized mice model of menopause. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:151-168. [PMID: 31602590 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Substantial epidemiological studies have shown an association of obesity with the common gynecological malignancy, endometrial cancer. The relevant interactions and contribution of estradiol and the adipose cytokine, leptin, in endometrial lesions are not completely understood. Suitable animal models to understand the physiological response of uterine tissue to the combined effects of estradiol-leptin are lacking. To investigate the effect of estradiol-leptin crosstalk on gene expression and associated altered pathways, we established an ovariectomized mouse model, treated with 17-β estradiol (0.1 µg/mouse subcutaenously., for every 12 h) and/or recombinant mouse leptin (1 μg/g Bwt intraperitoneally., for every 12 h) for 4 h, 20 h, and 40 h. Gene expressions by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, uterine tissue protein phosphorylation status by western blotting and promoter methylation were analyzed in estradiol, progesterone insufficient animals. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated significantly increased expression of Esr, Igf1, Igfbp3, Vegfr1, and Vegf, and significantly decreased expression of Mmp9 after co-treatment with estradiol and leptin, indicating a common transcriptional network regulated by the treatments. Ovariectomy-induced histomorphological changes were only reversed by estradiol. Methylation-specific PCR, analyzing methylation of CpG sites of Vegfa, Pgr, and Igf1, revealed that transcriptional regulation after hormonal treatments is independent of methylation at the examined CpG sites. Western blot confirmed the increased expression of PSTAT-3 (Ser-727) and PERK1/2 proteins after estradiol + leptin treatment, confirming the estradiol + leptin cross-talk hypothesis. In conclusion, our in vivo studies determined specific gene expression and signaling protein changes, and further unraveled the molecular targets of estradiol + leptin that may perturb endometrial homeostasis and lead to endometrial hyperplasia development in the chronic stimulated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shetty
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574 199, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Rie Tsutsumi
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India.
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25
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Simitsidellis I, Esnal-Zuffiaure A, Kelepouri O, O’Flaherty E, Gibson DA, Saunders PTK. Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have specific impacts on the mouse uterus. J Endocrinol 2019; 242:227-239. [PMID: 31319382 PMCID: PMC6690265 DOI: 10.1530/joe-19-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have been proposed as therapeutics for women suffering from breast cancer, muscle wasting or urinary incontinence. The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in the uterus but the impact of SARMs on the function of this organ is unknown. We used a mouse model to compare the impact of SARMs (GTx-007/Andarine®, GTx-024/Enobosarm®), Danazol (a synthetic androstane steroid) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on tissue architecture, cell proliferation and gene expression. Ovariectomised mice were treated daily for 7 days with compound or vehicle control (VC). Uterine morphometric characteristics were quantified using high-throughput image analysis (StrataQuest; TissueGnostics), protein and gene expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR, respectively. Treatment with GTx-024, Danazol or DHT induced significant increases in body weight, uterine weight and the surface area of the endometrial stromal and epithelial compartments compared to VC. Treatment with GTx-007 had no impact on these parameters. GTx-024, Danazol and DHT all significantly increased the percentage of Ki67-positive cells in the stroma, but only GTx-024 had an impact on epithelial cell proliferation. GTx-007 significantly increased uterine expression of Wnt4 and Wnt7a, whereas GTx-024 and Danazol decreased their expression. In summary, the impact of GTx-024 and Danazol on uterine cells mirrored that of DHT, whereas GTx-007 had minimal impact on the tested parameters. This study has identified endpoints that have revealed differences in the effects of SARMs on uterine tissue and provides a template for preclinical studies comparing the impact of compounds targeting the AR on endometrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Simitsidellis
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Arantza Esnal-Zuffiaure
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olympia Kelepouri
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elisabeth O’Flaherty
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Douglas A Gibson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philippa T K Saunders
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to P T K Saunders:
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26
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Marquardt RM, Kim TH, Shin JH, Jeong JW. Progesterone and Estrogen Signaling in the Endometrium: What Goes Wrong in Endometriosis? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3822. [PMID: 31387263 PMCID: PMC6695957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the healthy endometrium, progesterone and estrogen signaling coordinate in a tightly regulated, dynamic interplay to drive a normal menstrual cycle and promote an embryo-receptive state to allow implantation during the window of receptivity. It is well-established that progesterone and estrogen act primarily through their cognate receptors to set off cascades of signaling pathways and enact large-scale gene expression programs. In endometriosis, when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterine cavity, progesterone and estrogen signaling are disrupted, commonly resulting in progesterone resistance and estrogen dominance. This hormone imbalance leads to heightened inflammation and may also increase the pelvic pain of the disease and decrease endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms governing progesterone and estrogen signaling supporting endometrial function and how they become dysregulated in endometriosis. Understanding how these mechanisms contribute to the pelvic pain and infertility associated with endometriosis will open new avenues of targeted medical therapies to give relief to the millions of women suffering its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Marquardt
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jung-Ho Shin
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 08318, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
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27
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Hewitt SC, Lierz SL, Garcia M, Hamilton KJ, Gruzdev A, Grimm SA, Lydon JP, Demayo FJ, Korach KS. A distal super enhancer mediates estrogen-dependent mouse uterine-specific gene transcription of Igf1 ( insulin-like growth factor 1). J Biol Chem 2019; 294:9746-9759. [PMID: 31073032 PMCID: PMC6597841 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is primarily synthesized in and secreted from the liver; however, estrogen (E2), through E2 receptor α (ERα), increases uterine Igf1 mRNA levels. Previous ChIP-seq analyses of the murine uterus have revealed a potential enhancer region distal from the Igf1 transcription start site (TSS) with multiple E2-dependent ERα-binding regions. Here, we show E2-dependent super enhancer-associated characteristics and suggest contact between the distal enhancer and the Igf1 TSS. We hypothesized that this distal super-enhancer region controls E2-responsive induction of uterine Igf1 transcripts. We deleted 430 bp, encompassing one of the ERα-binding sites, thereby disrupting interactions of the enhancer with gene-regulatory factors. As a result, E2-mediated induction of mouse uterine Igf1 mRNA is completely eliminated, whereas hepatic Igf1 expression remains unaffected. This highlights the central role of a distal enhancer in the assembly of the factors necessary for E2-dependent interaction with the Igf1 TSS and induction of uterus-specific Igf1 transcription. Of note, loss of the enhancer did not affect fertility or uterine growth responses. Deletion of uterine Igf1 in a PgrCre;Igf1f/f model decreased female fertility but did not impact the E2-induced uterine growth response. Moreover, E2-dependent activation of uterine IGF1 signaling was not impaired by disrupting the distal enhancer or by deleting the coding transcript. This indicated a role for systemic IGF1, suggested that other growth mediators drive uterine response to E2, and suggested that uterine-derived IGF1 is essential for reproductive success. Our findings elucidate the role of a super enhancer in Igf1 regulation and uterine growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara A Grimm
- the Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 and
| | - John P Lydon
- the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Francesco J Demayo
- Pregnancy & Female Reproduction Group, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory and
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Di Tucci C, Capone C, Galati G, Iacobelli V, Schiavi MC, Di Donato V, Muzii L, Panici PB. Immunotherapy in endometrial cancer: new scenarios on the horizon. J Gynecol Oncol 2019; 30:e46. [PMID: 30887763 PMCID: PMC6424849 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2019.30.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This extensive review summarizes clinical evidence on immunotherapy and targeted therapy currently available for endometrial cancer (EC) and reports the results of the clinical trials and ongoing studies. The research was carried out collecting preclinical and clinical findings using keywords such as immune environment, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies and others' on PubMed. Finally, we looked for the ongoing immunotherapy trials on ClinicalTrials.gov. EC is the fourth most common malignancy in women in developed countries. Despite medical and surgical treatments, survival has not improved in the last decade and death rates have increased for uterine cancer in women. Therefore, identification of clinically significant prognostic risk factors and formulation of new rational therapeutic regimens have great significance for enhancing the survival rate and improving the outcome in patients with advanced or metastatic disease. The identification of genetic alterations, including somatic mutations and microsatellite instability, and the definition of intracellular signaling pathways alterations that have a major role in in tumorigenesis is leading to the development of new therapeutic options for immunotherapy and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Tucci
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carmela Capone
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Galati
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Iacobelli
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele C Schiavi
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Violante Di Donato
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Muzii
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Sciences, and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Endocrine therapy in endometrial cancer: An old dog with new tricks. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 153:175-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang X, Mittal P, Castro CA, Rajkovic G, Rajkovic A. Med12 regulates ovarian steroidogenesis, uterine development and maternal effects in the mammalian egg. Biol Reprod 2019; 97:822-834. [PMID: 29126187 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional factor MED12 is part of the essential mediator transcriptional complex that acts as a transcriptional coactivator in all eukaryotes. Missense gain-of-function mutations in human MED12 are associated with uterine leiomyomas, yet the role of MED12 deficiency in tumorigenesis and reproductive biology has not been fully explored. We generated a Med12 reproductive conditional knockout mouse model to evaluate its role in uterine mesenchyme, granulosa cells, and oocytes. Mice heterozygous for Med12 deficiency in granulosa cells and uterus (Med12fl/+ Amhr2-Cre) were subfertile, while mice homozygous for Med12 deficiency in granulosa cells and uterus (Med12fl/fl Amhr2-Cre) were infertile. Morphological and histological analysis of the Med12fl/fl Amhr2-Cre reproductive tract revealed atrophic uteri and hyperchromatic granulosa cells with disrupted expression of Lhcgr, Esr1, and Esr2. Med12fl/fl Amhr2-Cre mice estrous cycle was disrupted, and serum analysis showed blunted rise in estradiol in response to pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. Uterine atrophy was partially rescued by exogenous steroid supplementation with dysregulation of Notch1 and Smo expression in steroid supplemented Med12fl/fl Amhr2-Cre uteri, indicating intrinsic uterine defects. Oocyte-specific ablation of Med12 caused infertility without disrupting normal folliculogenesis and ovulation, consistent with maternal effects of Med12 in early embryo development. These results show the critical importance of Med12 in reproductive tract development and that Med12 loss of function does not cause tumorigenesis in reproductive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Wang
- Tsinghua MD Program, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Priya Mittal
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Carlos A Castro
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gabriel Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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The Modified Bushen Antai Recipe Upregulates Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Pregnant Rats with Mifepristone-Induced Pregnancy Loss. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:8312020. [PMID: 30792746 PMCID: PMC6354171 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8312020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The modified Bushen Antai recipe (BSAT) is a centuries-old traditional Chinese medicine that we use in our center as a therapy against pregnancy loss. Our study aimed to explore the potential benefit and mechanism of BSAT in pregnant rats with mifepristone-induced pregnancy loss. Materials and Methods The signature compounds of the eight BSAT ingredients were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The BSAT group (n = 8) was treated daily with 6.3 ml/kg BSAT from gestation day (D) 0.5 to 10.5 and once with 1.25 mg/kg mifepristone on D 10.5. Normal saline replaced BSAT in the model group (n = 8), and both BSAT and mifepristone in the control group (n = 8). Morphological and histological analyses were performed on D 13.5. Results BSAT contains eight medicinal ingredients including Cuscuta chinensis and Dipsacus asperoides. The HPLC analysis detected the signature compounds of seven medicinal ingredients in the extract. Embryo resorption rate in the BSAT group was significantly lower than that in the model group, although the number of surviving embryos was similar between the two groups. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining suggested that the maximum cross-sectional area of the placenta and the area ratio of the placental labyrinth in the BSAT group were higher than those in the model group. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining indicated that the expression of ki67, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and progesterone receptor (PR) in the placental labyrinth of the BSAT group was higher than that of the model group. Furthermore, the protein levels of ERα, PR, phospho-Akt/Akt, and phospho-Erk1/2/Erk1/2 in the BSAT group were higher than those in the control group. The mRNA levels of ERα and PR in the BSAT group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusions BSAT may induce estrogen and progesterone receptors by phosphorylation via the classic Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathways in the maternal-fetal interface of pregnant rats, thereby reducing the pregnancy loss rate and improving the live birth rate.
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Inside the Endometrial Cell Signaling Subway: Mind the Gap(s). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092477. [PMID: 30134622 PMCID: PMC6164241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cells perceive and respond to their microenvironment forming the basis of endometrial homeostasis. Errors in endometrial cell signaling are responsible for a wide spectrum of endometrial pathologies ranging from infertility to cancer. Intensive research over the years has been decoding the sophisticated molecular means by which endometrial cells communicate to each other and with the embryo. The objective of this review is to provide the scientific community with the first overview of key endometrial cell signaling pathways operating throughout the menstrual cycle. On this basis, a comprehensive and critical assessment of the literature was performed to provide the tools for the authorship of this narrative review summarizing the pivotal components and signaling cascades operating during seven endometrial cell fate “routes”: proliferation, decidualization, implantation, migration, breakdown, regeneration, and angiogenesis. Albeit schematically presented as separate transit routes in a subway network and narrated in a distinct fashion, the majority of the time these routes overlap or occur simultaneously within endometrial cells. This review facilitates identification of novel trajectories of research in endometrial cellular communication and signaling. The meticulous study of endometrial signaling pathways potentiates both the discovery of novel therapeutic targets to tackle disease and vanguard fertility approaches.
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Pir2/Rnf144b is a potential endometrial cancer biomarker that promotes cell proliferation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:504. [PMID: 29724995 PMCID: PMC5938710 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological cancers in developed countries. Its incidence has increased 20% over the last decade and the death rate has increased >100% over the past two decades. Current models for prediction of prognosis and treatment response are suboptimal, and as such biomarkers to support clinical decision-making and contribute to individualised treatment are needed. In this study, we show that the E3-ubiquitin ligase PIR2/RNF144B is a potential targetable biomarker in endometrial cancer. At transcript level, it is expressed both in normal endometrium and tumour samples, but at protein level, it is expressed in tumours only. By using endometrial cancer cell lines, we demonstrated that PIR2/RNF144B is stabilised via phosphorylation downstream of GSK3β and this is necessary for the proliferation of endometrial cancer cells, in the absence of oestrogenic growth stimuli. Here, inactivation of GSK3β activity is associated with loss of PIR2/RNF144B protein and consequent inhibition of cell proliferation. Our results, therefore, substantiate PIR2/RNF144B as a novel candidate for targeted therapy in endometrial cancer.
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A high throughput metabolomics method and its application in female serum samples in a normal menstrual cycle based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 185:483-490. [PMID: 29759231 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Periodical changes of steroid hormones have a great impact on the homeostasis of the female. However, there are few studies concerning the metabolome changes during the cycle. To study the periodic metabolic changes, a female cohort was enrolled with time-series serum samples collected during a menstrual cycle. To meet the requirement of the large-scale sample analysis, a high throughput metabolomics method was established by using an efficient sample preparation on a 96 well filter plate and a rapid LC condition in 12 min, which reduces about 70% of the samples preprocessing time and 60% analysis time. Evaluation of metabolite coverage and separation performances reflected that the method was robust for the large-scale metabolomics study. Using this method, we found that 12.6% of total detected ions including lipids, amino acids, citric acid, and so on were significantly changed during a menstrual cycle. Some metabolites were found periodically changed, which is similar to hormones (estrone and progesterone) during the cycle. These results show the novel high throughput method can be applied in large-scale metabolomics studies.
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35
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Kuokkanen S, Zhu L, Pollard JW. Xenografted tissue models for the study of human endometrial biology. Differentiation 2017; 98:62-69. [PMID: 29156254 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The human endometrium undergoes extensive morphological, biochemical and molecular changes under the influence of female sex steroid hormones. Besides the fact that estrogen stimulates endometrial cell proliferation and progesterone inhibits this proliferation and induces differentiation, there is limited knowledge about precise molecular mechanisms underlying human endometrial biology. The importance of paracrine signaling in endometrial physiology explains why in vitro culture of endometrial cells has been challenging. Researchers, therefore, have developed alternative experimental in vivo models for the study of endometrial biology. The objective of this review is to summarize the recent developments and work on these in vivo endometrial research models. The in vivo recombinant tissue models in which wild-type endometrial cells are combined with endometrial cells from a gene-targeted mouse strain followed by xenografting to host mice have been critical in confirming the significance of paracrine signaling between the epithelium and stroma in the growth regulation of the endometrium. Additionally, these studies have uncovered differences between the mouse and human, emphasizing the need for the development of experimental models specifically of the human endometrium. Recently, xenotransplants of human endometrial fragments into the subcutaneous space of host mice and endometrial xenografts of dissociated and recombined epithelial and stromal cells beneath the kidney capsule of immunodeficient host mice have proven to be highly promising tools for in vivo research of endometrial functions. For the first time, the latter approach provides an immense opportunity for the application of genome engineering, such as targeted ablation of endometrial genes for example by using CRISPR/CAS9 system. This research will begin to elucidate the functional role of specific genes in this complex tissue. Another advantage of xenotransplantation and xenograft models of the human endometrium is their use to investigate endometrial effects of new compounds and drugs without needing to give them to women. Underpinning the molecular mechanisms underlying endometrial functions is critical to ultimately advance our understanding of endometrial pathophysiology and develop targeted therapies to prevent and cure endometrial pathologies as well as enhance endometrial function when it is desired for fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Kuokkanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology&Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Liyin Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology&Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Developmental&Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology&Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Developmental&Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, UK.
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36
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Lee SH, Kim BJ, Kim UH. The critical role of uterine CD31 as a post-progesterone signal in early pregnancy. Reproduction 2017; 154:595-605. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CD31 has been shown to play a role in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis, which are critical to the formation and function of the endometrium and myometrium in uterine development during early pregnancy. However, the role of CD31 in uterine receptivity during blastocyst implantation is poorly understood. The pregnancy rate in CD31−/− female mice mated with CD31+/+ male mice was higher than that observed in CD31+/+ female mice mated with CD31+/+ male mice. During the receptive phase of implantation, uterine glands were more developed in CD31−/− mice than in CD31+/+ mice, and the uterine weights of CD31−/− mice were increased. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was highly expressed in the CD31−/− mice during implantation and the expression of LIF was up-regulated by estradiol-17β (E2) + progesterone (P4) in ovariectomized CD31−/− mice, compared with CD31+/+ mice at 8 h after hormone treatment. E2-induced protein synthesis was inhibited by P4 in the CD31+/+ uterus, but not in the uterus of CD31−/− mice. Also, STAT3, HAND2, LIF, and mTOR signals were enhanced in CD31−/− mice. Stromal DNA replication was highly activated in the uterus of CD31−/− mice, manifested by upregulated cyclin series signaling and PCNA expression after E2 + P4treatment. Collectively, CD31 inhibits E2-mediated epithelial proliferation via recruitment and phosphorylation of SHP-2 upon receiving P4signal in early pregnancy.
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Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102224. [PMID: 29064426 PMCID: PMC5666903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An organism’s reproductive fitness is sensitive to the environment, integrating cues of resource availability, ecological factors, and hazards within its habitat. Events that challenge the environment of an organism activate the central stress response system, which is primarily mediated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. The regulatory functions of the HPA axis govern the cardiovascular and metabolic system, immune functions, behavior, and reproduction. Activation of the HPA axis by various stressors primarily inhibits reproductive function and is able to alter fetal development, imparting a biological record of stress experienced in utero. Clinical studies and experimental data indicate that stress signaling can mediate these effects through direct actions in the brain, gonads, and embryonic tissues. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which stress activation of the HPA axis impacts fertility and fetal development.
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Eritja N, Yeramian A, Chen BJ, Llobet-Navas D, Ortega E, Colas E, Abal M, Dolcet X, Reventos J, Matias-Guiu X. Endometrial Carcinoma: Specific Targeted Pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 943:149-207. [PMID: 27910068 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43139-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the western world with more than 280,000 cases per year worldwide. Prognosis for EC at early stages, when primary surgical resection is the most common initial treatment, is excellent. Five-year survival rate is around 70 %.Several molecular alterations have been described in the different types of EC. They occur in genes involved in important signaling pathways. In this chapter, we will review the most relevant altered pathways in EC, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, Tyrosine kinase, WNT/β-Catenin, cell cycle, and TGF-β signaling pathways. At the end of the chapter, the most significant clinical trials will be briefly discussed.This information is important to identify specific targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Eritja
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Andree Yeramian
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Bo-Juen Chen
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Eugenia Ortega
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eva Colas
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational and Pediatric Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Abal
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jaume Reventos
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational and Pediatric Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Zhang L, Liu X, Liu J, Ma L, Zhou Z, Song Y, Cao B. The developmental transcriptome landscape of receptive endometrium during embryo implantation in dairy goats. Gene 2017; 633:82-95. [PMID: 28866083 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Under natural conditions, some embryos cannot implant successfully because of the dysfunction of receptive endometrium (RE). Thus, it is imperative for us to study the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of the RE from pre-receptive endometrium (PE). In this study, the endometrium from gestational day 5 (D5, PE) and gestational day 15 (D15, RE) dairy goats were selected to systematically analyze the transcriptome using strand-specific Ribo-Zero RNA-Seq, >120 million high-quality paired-end reads were generated and 47,616 transcripts were identified in the endometrium of dairy goats. A total of 810 mRNAs were differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the RE and PE meeting the criteria of P-values<0.05. Bioinformatics analysis of the DEGs revealed that a number of biological processes and pathways were potentially involved in the establishment of the RE, notably energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, we speculated that CXCL14, IGFBP3, and LGALS15 potentially participated in the development of endometrium. What's more, putative SNPs, InDels and AS events were identified and analyzed in the endometrium. In a word, this resulting view of the transcriptome greatly enhances the comprehensive transcript catalog and uncovers the global trends in gene expression during the formation of receptive endometrium in dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - XiaoRui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - JunZe Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - ZhanQin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - YuXuan Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - BinYun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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40
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Winuthayanon W, Lierz SL, Delarosa KC, Sampels SR, Donoghue LJ, Hewitt SC, Korach KS. Juxtacrine Activity of Estrogen Receptor α in Uterine Stromal Cells is Necessary for Estrogen-Induced Epithelial Cell Proliferation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8377. [PMID: 28827707 PMCID: PMC5566397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of uterine cell growth can lead to endometrial cancer and infertility. To understand the molecular mechanisms of estrogen-induced uterine cell growth, we removed the estrogen receptor α (Esr1) from mouse uterine stromal cells, where the embryo is implanted during pregnancy. Without ESR1 in neighboring stroma cells, epithelial cells that line the inside of the uterus are unable to grow due to a lack of growth factors secreted from adjacent stromal cells. Moreover, loss of stromal ESR1 caused mice to deliver fewer pups due in part due to inability of some embryos to implant in the uterus, indicating that stromal ESR1 is crucial for uterine cell growth and pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wipawee Winuthayanon
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, United States.
| | - Sydney L Lierz
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, United States
| | - Karena C Delarosa
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, United States
| | - Skylar R Sampels
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, United States
| | - Lauren J Donoghue
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, United States
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, United States
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, United States
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Hewitt SC, Winuthayanon W, Lierz SL, Hamilton KJ, Donoghue LJ, Ramsey JT, Grimm SA, Arao Y, Korach KS. Role of ERα in Mediating Female Uterine Transcriptional Responses to IGF1. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2427-2435. [PMID: 28586424 PMCID: PMC5551553 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen (E2) signaling through its nuclear receptor, E2 receptor α (ERα) increases insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF1) in the rodent uterus, which then initiates further signals via the IGF1 receptor. Directly administering IGF1 results in similar biological and transcriptional uterine responses. Our studies using global ERα-null mice demonstrated a loss of uterine biological responses of the uterus to E2 or IGF1 treatment, while maintaining transcriptional responses to IGF1. To address this discrepancy in the need for uterine ERα in mediating the IGF1 transcriptional vs growth responses, we assessed the IGF1 transcriptional responses in PgrCre+Esr1f/f (called ERαUtcKO) mice, which selectively lack ERα in progesterone receptor (PGR) expressing cells, including all uterine cells, while maintaining ERα expression in other tissues and cells that do not express Pgr. Additionally, we profiled IGF1-induced ERα binding sites in uterine chromatin using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing. Herein, we explore the transcriptional and molecular signaling that underlies our findings to refine our understanding of uterine IGF1 signaling and identify ERα-mediated and ERα-independent uterine transcriptional responses. Defining these mechanisms in vivo in whole tissue and animal contexts provides details of nuclear receptor mediated mechanisms that impact biological systems and have potential applicability to reproductive processes of humans, livestock and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia C. Hewitt
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Wipawee Winuthayanon
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
- 2School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
| | - Sydney L. Lierz
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Katherine J. Hamilton
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Lauren J. Donoghue
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - J. Tyler Ramsey
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Sara A. Grimm
- Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Yukitomo Arao
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Kenneth S. Korach
- Receptor Biology Group, Reproductive and Developmental Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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Cheng J, Rosario G, Cohen TV, Hu J, Stewart CL. Tissue-Specific Ablation of the LIF Receptor in the Murine Uterine Epithelium Results in Implantation Failure. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1916-1928. [PMID: 28368537 PMCID: PMC5460932 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is essential for rendering the uterus receptive for blastocyst implantation. In mice, LIF receptor expression (LIFR) is largely restricted to the uterine luminal epithelium (LE). LIF, secreted from the endometrial glands (GEs), binds to the LIFR, activating the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activation of transcription (STAT) 3 (Jak-Stat3) signaling pathway in the LE. JAK-STAT activation converts the LE to a receptive state so that juxtaposed blastocysts begin to implant. To specifically delete the LIFR in the LE, we derived a line of mice in which Cre recombinase was inserted into the endogenous lactoferrin gene (Ltf-Cre). Lactoferrin expression in the LE is induced by E2, and we demonstrate that Cre recombinase activity is restricted to the LE and GE. To determine the requirement of the LIFR in implantation, we derived an additional mouse line carrying a conditional (floxed) Lifrflx/flx gene. Crossing Ltf-Cre mice with Lifrflx/flx mice generated Lifrflx/Δ:LtfCre/+ females that were overtly normal but infertile. Many of these females, despite repeated matings, did not become pregnant. Unimplanted blastocysts were recovered from the Lifrflx/Δ:LtfCre/+ uteri and, when transferred to wild-type recipients, implanted normally, indicating that uterine receptivity rather than the embryo's competency is compromised. The loss of Lifr results in both the failure for STAT3 to translocate to the LE nuclei and a reduction in the expression of the LIF regulated gene Msx1 that regulates uterine receptivity. These results reveal that uterine expression of the LIFR is essential for embryo implantation and further define the components of the LIF signaling pathway necessary for effective implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- JrGang Cheng
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Division of Basic Science, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | | | - Tatiana V. Cohen
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Division of Basic Science, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Jianbo Hu
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Division of Basic Science, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
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Abstract
The hormone estrogen is involved in both female and male reproduction, as well as numerous other biological systems including the neuroendocrine, vascular, skeletal, and immune systems. Therefore, it is also implicated in many different diseases and conditions such as infertility, obesity, osteoporosis, endometriosis, and a variety of cancers. Estrogen works through its two distinct nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). Various transcriptional regulation mechanisms have been identified as the mode of action for estrogen, mainly the classical mechanism with direct DNA binding but also a nongenomic mode of action and one using tethered or indirect binding. The expression profiles of ERα and ERβ are unique with the primary sites of ERα expression being the uterus and pituitary gland and the main site of ERβ expression being the granulosa cells of the ovary. Mouse models with knockout or mutation of Esr1 and Esr2 have furthered our understanding of the role of each individual receptor plays in physiology. From these studies, it is known that the primary roles for ERα are in the uterus and neuroendocrine system, as female mice lacking ERα are infertile due to impaired ovarian and uterine function, whereas female mice lacking ERβ are subfertile due to ovarian defects. The development of effective therapies for estrogen-related diseases has relied on an understanding of the physiological roles and mechanistic functionalities of ERα and ERβ in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Hamilton
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Yukitomo Arao
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
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Kobayashi R, Terakawa J, Omatsu T, Hengjan Y, Mizutani T, Ohmori Y, Hondo E. The Window of Implantation Is Closed by Estrogen via Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Pathway. J Reprod Infertil 2017; 18:231-241. [PMID: 28868248 PMCID: PMC5565907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The opening and closing of the implantation window is important for successful pregnancy in eutherians. The recent study demonstrated that the window of uterine receptivity was prepared by the sole action of progesterone in mice, but the mechanism to close the window remained to be elucidated. METHODS The pregnant mice were ovariectomized on the evening on the third day of pregnancy with a single injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate to induce delayed implantation (DI). Several treatments were applied to DI mice. The uterine receptivity after treatment was assessed by examining cell proliferation in the uterine luminal epithelium (LE). The gene expressions in the endometrium were investigated by RNA-seq. The p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Cell proliferation in the LE ceased only when the window of implantation was open. Estrogen (E2) stimulated cell proliferation in the LE rendered the uterus refractory. The high throughput gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq showed that the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) pathway was the candidate to close the implantation window under E2. In vivo administration of IGF1 to delayed implantation mice resulted in proliferation in the LE cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the window of uterine receptivity was closed by E2, which was mediated by the IGF1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jumpei Terakawa
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Division of Transgenic Animal Science, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yupadee Hengjan
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Diseases of Animals, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushige Ohmori
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hondo
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan,Corresponding Author: Eiichi Hondo, Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Division of Biofunctional Development, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601 Japan, E-mail:
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Kong S, Han X, Cui T, Zhou C, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Wang B, Wang H, Zhang S. MCM2 mediates progesterone-induced endometrial stromal cell proliferation and differentiation in mice. Endocrine 2016; 53:595-606. [PMID: 26910396 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uterine decidualization characterized by stromal cell proliferation and differentiation is critical to the establishment of pregnancy in many species. Progesterone is a key factor in regulating endometrial cell decidualization, however, the molecular basis involved in mediating the effects of progesterone during decidualization remains largely unknown. We report here that the DNA replication licensing factor MCM2, one of the conserved set of six-related proteins (MCM complex: MCM2-7) essential for eukaryotic DNA replication, is dynamically expressed in both proliferative and differentiated stromal cells during mouse periimplantation uterus. Applying PR-knockout mouse model and pharmacological strategy, we further found that the expression of Mcm2 is induced by progesterone action in the mouse uterine stroma. Employing a primary cell culture system, we further demonstrated that siRNA-mediated silencing of MCM2 arrests the cell cycle at G1-S transition during stromal cell proliferation. Moreover, the downregulation of Mcm2 could also compromise stromal cell differentiation. Collectively, our studies uncovered the role of a unique DNA replication licensing molecule MCM2 in mediating Progesterone-induced stromal cell decidualization in mouse uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangbo Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
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Li Q, Davila J, Bagchi MK, Bagchi IC. Chronic exposure to bisphenol a impairs progesterone receptor-mediated signaling in the uterus during early pregnancy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3. [PMID: 28239613 PMCID: PMC5321573 DOI: 10.14800/rci.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is a major threat to female reproductive health. Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental toxicant that is commonly found in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, has received much attention due to its estrogenic activity and high risk of chronic exposure in human. Whereas BPA has been linked to infertility and recurrent miscarriage in women, the impact of its exposure on uterine function during early pregnancy remains unclear. In a recent publication in Endocrinology, we demonstrated that prolonged exposure to an environmental relevant dose of BPA disrupts progesterone receptor-regulated uterine functions, thus affecting uterine receptivity for embryo implantation and decidua morphogenesis, two critical events for establishment and maintenance of early pregnancy. In particular we reported a marked impairment of progesterone receptor (PGR) expression and its downstream effector HAND2 in the uterine stromal cells in response to chronic BPA exposure. In an earlier study we have shown that HAND2 controls embryo implantation by repressing fibroblast growth factor (FGF) expression and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, thus inhibiting epithelial proliferation. Interestingly we observed that downregulation of PGR and HAND2 expression in uterine stroma upon BPA exposure was associated with an enhanced activation of FGFR and MAPK signaling, aberrant proliferation, and lack of uterine receptivity in the epithelium. In addition, the proliferation and differentiation of endometrial stromal cells to decidual cells, an event critical for the maintenance of early pregnancy, was severely compromised in response to BPA. This research highlight will provide an overview of our findings and discuss the potential mechanisms by which chronic BPA impairs PGR-HAND2 pathway and adversely affects implantation and the establishment of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxi Li
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA
| | - Juanmahel Davila
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA
| | - Milan K Bagchi
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA
| | - Indrani C Bagchi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, USA
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Simitsidellis I, Gibson DA, Cousins FL, Esnal-Zufiaurre A, Saunders PTK. A Role for Androgens in Epithelial Proliferation and Formation of Glands in the Mouse Uterus. Endocrinology 2016; 157:2116-28. [PMID: 26963473 PMCID: PMC4870887 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endometrium consists of stromal and epithelial compartments (luminal and glandular) with distinct functions in the regulation of uterine homeostasis. Ovarian sex steroids, namely 17β-estradiol and progesterone, play essential roles in modulating uterine cell proliferation, stromal-epithelial cross-talk and differentiation in preparation for pregnancy. The effect of androgens on uterine function remains poorly understood. The current study investigated the effect of the non-aromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on mouse endometrial function. Ovx female mice were given a single sc injection (short treatment) or 7 daily injections (long treatment) of vehicle alone (5% ethanol, 0.4% methylcellulose) or vehicle with the addition of 0.2 mg DHT (n=8/group) and a single injection of bromodeoxyuridine 2 hours prior to tissue recovery. Treatment with DHT increased uterine weight, the area of the endometrial compartment and immunoexpression of the androgen receptor in the luminal and glandular epithelium. Treatment-dependent proliferation of epithelial cells was identified by immunostaining for MKi67 and bromodeoxyuridine. Real-time PCR identified significant DHT-dependent changes in the concentrations of mRNAs encoded by genes implicated in the regulation of the cell cycle (Wee1, Ccnd1, Rb1) and stromal-epithelial interactions (Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Cdh1, Vcl, Igf1, Prl8, Prlr) as well as a striking effect on the number of endometrial glands. This study has revealed a novel role for androgens in regulating uterine function with an effect on the glandular compartment of the endometrium. This previously unrecognized role for androgens has implications for our understanding of the role of androgens in regulation of endometrial function and fertility in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Simitsidellis
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, EH16 4TJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas A Gibson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, EH16 4TJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona L Cousins
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, EH16 4TJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Arantza Esnal-Zufiaurre
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, EH16 4TJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa T K Saunders
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, EH16 4TJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Merritt MA, Strickler HD, Einstein MH, Yang HP, Sherman ME, Wentzensen N, Brouwer-Visser J, Cossio MJ, Whitney KD, Yu H, Gunter MJ, Huang GS. Insulin/IGF and sex hormone axes in human endometrium and associations with endometrial cancer risk factors. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:737-48. [PMID: 27125830 PMCID: PMC4870288 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0751-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Experimental and observational data link insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and estrogens to endometrial tumorigenesis. However, there are limited data regarding insulin/IGF and sex hormone axes protein and gene expression in normal endometrial tissues, and very few studies have examined the impact of endometrial cancer risk factors on endometrial tissue biology. METHODS We evaluated endometrial tissues from 77 premenopausal and 30 postmenopausal women who underwent hysterectomy for benign indications and had provided epidemiological data. Endometrial tissue mRNA and protein levels were measured using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS In postmenopausal women, we observed higher levels of phosphorylated IGF-I/insulin receptor (pIGF1R/pIR) in diabetic versus non-diabetic women (p value =0.02), while women who reported regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use versus no use had higher levels of insulin and progesterone receptors (both p values ≤0.03). We also noted differences in pIGF1R/pIR staining with OC use (postmenopausal women only), and the proportion of estrogen receptor-positive tissues varied by the number of live births and PTEN status (premenopausal only) (p values ≤0.04). Compared to premenopausal proliferative phase women, postmenopausal women exhibited lower mRNA levels of IGF1, but higher IGFBP1 and IGFBP3 expression (all p values ≤0.004), and higher protein levels of the receptors for estrogen, insulin, and IGF-I (all p values ≤0.02). Conversely, pIGF1R/pIR levels were higher in premenopausal proliferative phase versus postmenopausal endometrium (p value =0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results highlight links between endometrial cancer risk factors and mechanistic factors that may contribute to early events in the multistage process of endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Merritt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Howard D Strickler
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Mark H Einstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Hannah P Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jurriaan Brouwer-Visser
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Maria Jose Cossio
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Kathleen D Whitney
- Department of Pathology, Jack D. Weiler Hospital, The University Hospital for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 1825 Eastchester Road, Room 338, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Gloria S Huang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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Robertshaw I, Bian F, Das SK. Mechanisms of uterine estrogen signaling during early pregnancy in mice: an update. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:R127-38. [PMID: 26887389 PMCID: PMC4889031 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Adherence of an embryo to the uterus represents the most critical step of the reproductive process. Implantation is a synchronized event between the blastocyst and the uterine luminal epithelium, leading to structural and functional changes for further embryonic growth and development. The milieu comprising the complex process of implantation is mediated by estrogen through diverse but interdependent signaling pathways. Mouse models have demonstrated the relevance of the expression of estrogen-modulated paracrine factors to uterine receptivity and implantation window. More importantly, some factors seem to serve as molecular links between different estrogen pathways, promoting cell growth, acting as molecular chaperones, or amplifying estrogenic effects. Abnormal expression of these factors can lead to implantation failure and infertility. This review provides an overview of several well-characterized signaling pathways that elucidates the molecular cross talk involved in the uterus during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Robertshaw
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Cincinnati, West Chester, Ohio, USA Division of Reproductive SciencesCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - F Bian
- Division of Reproductive SciencesCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Perinatal InstituteCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - S K Das
- Division of Reproductive SciencesCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Perinatal InstituteCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Vasquez YM, Wu SP, Anderson ML, Hawkins SM, Creighton CJ, Ray M, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ. Endometrial Expression of Steroidogenic Factor 1 Promotes Cystic Glandular Morphogenesis. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:518-32. [PMID: 27018534 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) is lost in endometriosis, potentially contributing to de novo local steroidogenesis favoring inflammation and growth of ectopic endometrial tissue. In this study, we examine the impact of SF1 expression in the eutopic uterus by a novel mouse model that conditionally expresses SF1 in endometrium. In vivo SF1 expression promoted the development of enlarged endometrial glands and attenuated estrogen and progesterone responsiveness. Endometriosis induction by autotransplantation of uterine tissue to the mesenteric membrane resulted in the increase in size of ectopic lesions from SF1-expressing mice. By integrating the SF1-dependent transcriptome with the whole genome binding profile of SF1, we identified uterine-specific SF1-regulated genes involved in Wingless and Progesterone receptor-Hedgehog-Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II signaling for gland development and epithelium-stroma interaction, respectively. The present results indicate that SF1 directly contributes to the abnormal uterine gland morphogenesis, an inhibition of steroid hormone signaling and activation of an immune response, in addition to previously postulated estrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin M Vasquez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Matthew L Anderson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Shannon M Hawkins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Madhumita Ray
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Sophia Y Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Y.M.V., S.Y.T., M.-J.T., J.P.L., F.J.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.L.A., S.M.H.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center (M.L.A., C.J.C.), Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Pregnancy and Female Reproduction Group (S.-P.W., M.R., M.J.D.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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