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Chekol B, Zurbachew N, Mekete G, Bayuh E, Teshome D. Prevalence and associated factors of postoperative suxamethonium-induced myalgia in surgical patients at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16552. [PMID: 39019942 PMCID: PMC11255331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Suxamethonium is considered by many to be the best drug for providing ideal intubating conditions, short surgical procedures, and rapid sequence induction. However, its usefulness is limited by the frequent occurrence of adverse effects like postoperative myalgia. Therefore this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of postoperative suxamethonium-induced myalgia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 patients who underwent surgery with general anesthesia. The data was collected by using structured and pretested questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Logistic regression was conducted to identify significant predictors based on a P-value of less than 0.05 with a 95% confidence level. Among 210 patients the prevalence of suxamethonium-induced postoperative myalgia in the first 48 h was 88 (41.9%). Patients having previous anesthesia and surgical exposure (AOR 5.29, 95% CI 1.86-15.05), patients having a co-existing disease (AOR 2.69, 95% CI 1.08-6.67), patients that had not taken premedication (analgesia) (AOR 4.64, 95% CI 1.69-12.74), anesthesia maintenance using halothane (AOR 4.5 95% CI 1.7-11.4) and relaxation maintained with suxamethonium (AOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.1) were significantly associated with the prevalence of postoperative myalgia. The magnitude of suxamethonium-induced postoperative myalgia was high. So it is better to do with preventive techniques. As much as possible it is better to avoid using suxamethonium and necessary to use better to Premedicate with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and non-depolarizing neuromuscular medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basazinew Chekol
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, PO.Box: 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
| | - Negesse Zurbachew
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, PO.Box: 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Mekete
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, PO.Box: 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Bayuh
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, PO.Box: 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Diriba Teshome
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, PO.Box: 272, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Min K, Wang Y, Feng D, Jin T, Zhu W, Duan R, Lv X. The Influence of Piriform Recess Instillation with Lidocaine Before Bronchoscopy on Post-General Anesthesia Cough: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:2883-2890. [PMID: 39006188 PMCID: PMC11246034 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s458058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Importance Postoperative cough is a common complication of general anesthesia after bronchoscopy. The aim of the present study was to determine the safety profile and efficacy of piriform recess instillation with lidocaine in reducing the incidence of coughing. Objective To what extent could piriform recess instillation with lidocaine decrease the incidence of cough at 10min after extubation? Outcome Measures and Analysis Eighty-eight consecutive patients were equally randomized to a lidocaine group receiving piriform recess instillation with 2mL 2% lidocaine, and a normal saline group receiving piriform recess instillation with 2mL saline. The primary outcome was the incidence of cough after extubation, and the secondary outcomes were throat score at 10 min and 6 h after extubation assessed by the numerical rating scale, cough severity at 10 min and 6 h after extubation assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), 24 h 40-item Quality of Recovery Score (QoR-40), and subject-rated satisfaction score on a VAS. Main Results Compared with saline group, the incidence of cough in lidocaine group was significantly lower (63.6% vs 86.4%, P=0.014). The sore throat score at 10 min after extubation was significantly lower (0[0,0] vs 1[0,2], P<0.001). The subject-rated overall anesthesia satisfaction score was significantly higher (84.8[±6.2] vs 76.6[±8.6], P<0.001). The severity of cough at 10 min after extubation was significantly lower (Mild: 36.4% vs 11.4%, P=0.006; Severe: 9.1% vs 43.2%, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the sore throat score at 6 h after extubation, severity of cough at 6 h after extubation, or QoR-40 at 24 h after extubation between the two groups. Conclusion Piriform recess instillation with lidocaine before bronchoscopy is a simple and effective method for reducing early cough intensity and alleviating early sore throat. At 6 hours, there were no differences observed between the groups. Clinical Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier: ChiCTR2200067087).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keting Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanli Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruowang Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Pio-Lopez L, Levin M. Aging as a loss of morphostatic information: A developmental bioelectricity perspective. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102310. [PMID: 38636560 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining order at the tissue level is crucial throughout the lifespan, as failure can lead to cancer and an accumulation of molecular and cellular disorders. Perhaps, the most consistent and pervasive result of these failures is aging, which is characterized by the progressive loss of function and decline in the ability to maintain anatomical homeostasis and reproduce. This leads to organ malfunction, diseases, and ultimately death. The traditional understanding of aging is that it is caused by the accumulation of molecular and cellular damage. In this article, we propose a complementary view of aging from the perspective of endogenous bioelectricity which has not yet been integrated into aging research. We propose a view of aging as a morphostasis defect, a loss of biophysical prepattern information, encoding anatomical setpoints used for dynamic tissue and organ homeostasis. We hypothesize that this is specifically driven by abrogation of the endogenous bioelectric signaling that normally harnesses individual cell behaviors toward the creation and upkeep of complex multicellular structures in vivo. Herein, we first describe bioelectricity as the physiological software of life, and then identify and discuss the links between bioelectricity and life extension strategies and age-related diseases. We develop a bridge between aging and regeneration via bioelectric signaling that suggests a research program for healthful longevity via morphoceuticals. Finally, we discuss the broader implications of the homologies between development, aging, cancer and regeneration and how morphoceuticals can be developed for aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Pio-Lopez
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Kim H, Kim M, Jang Y. Inhaled Volatile Molecules-Responsive TRP Channels as Non-Olfactory Receptors. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:192-204. [PMID: 37551139 PMCID: PMC10902705 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Generally, odorant molecules are detected by olfactory receptors, which are specialized chemoreceptors expressed in olfactory neurons. Besides odorant molecules, certain volatile molecules can be inhaled through the respiratory tract, often leading to pathophysiological changes in the body. These inhaled molecules mediate cellular signaling through the activation of the Ca2+-permeable transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in peripheral tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of TRP channels that are involved in the detection and response to volatile molecules, including hazardous substances, anesthetics, plant-derived compounds, and pheromones. The review aims to shed light on the biological mechanisms underlying the sensing of inhaled volatile molecules. Therefore, this review will contribute to a better understanding of the roles of TRP channels in the response to inhaled molecules, providing insights into their implications for human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsup Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Kim
- Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwoo Jang
- Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
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Jesus RLC, Araujo FA, Alves QL, Dourado KC, Silva DF. Targeting temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in hypertension: far beyond the perception of hot and cold. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1351-1370. [PMID: 37334542 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are nonselective cation channels and participate in various physiological roles. Thus, changes in TRP channel function or expression have been linked to several disorders. Among the many TRP channel subtypes, the TRP ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1), TRP melastatin type 8 (TRPM8), and TRP vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels are temperature-sensitive and recognized as thermo-TRPs, which are expressed in the primary afferent nerve. Thermal stimuli are converted into neuronal activity. Several studies have described the expression of TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV1 in the cardiovascular system, where these channels can modulate physiological and pathological conditions, including hypertension. This review provides a complete understanding of the functional role of the opposing thermo-receptors TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1 in hypertension and a more comprehensive appreciation of TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1-dependent mechanisms involved in hypertension. These channels varied activation and inactivation have revealed a signaling pathway that may lead to innovative future treatment options for hypertension and correlated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Leonne C Jesus
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Fênix A Araujo
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Quiara L Alves
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Keina C Dourado
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
| | - Darizy F Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Bahia, Brazil
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Zholos AV, Dryn DO, Melnyk MI. General anaesthesia-related complications of gut motility with a focus on cholinergic mechanisms, TRP channels and visceral pain. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1174655. [PMID: 37275228 PMCID: PMC10232893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1174655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia produces multiple side effects. Notably, it temporarily impairs gastrointestinal motility following surgery and causes the so-called postoperative ileus (POI), a multifactorial and complex condition that develops secondary to neuromuscular failure and mainly affects the small intestine. There are currently limited medication options for POI, reflecting a lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in this complex condition. Notably, although acetylcholine is one of the major neurotransmitters initiating excitation-contraction coupling in the gut, cholinergic stimulation by prokinetic drugs is not very efficient in case of POI. Acetylcholine when released from excitatory motoneurones of the enteric nervous system binds to and activates M2 and M3 types of muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle myocytes. Downstream of these G protein-coupled receptors, muscarinic cation TRPC4 channels act as the major focal point of receptor-mediated signal integration, causing membrane depolarisation accompanied by action potential discharge and calcium influx via L-type Ca2+ channels for myocyte contraction. We have recently found that both inhalation (isoflurane) and intravenous (ketamine) anesthetics significantly inhibit this muscarinic cation current (termed mI CAT) in ileal myocytes, even when G proteins are activated directly by intracellular GTPγS, i.e., bypassing muscarinic receptors. Here we aim to summarize Transient Receptor Potential channels and calcium signalling-related aspects of the cholinergic mechanisms in the gut and visceral pain, discuss exactly how these may be negatively impacted by general anaesthetics, while proposing the receptor-operated TRPC4 channel as a novel molecular target for the treatment of POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zholos
- ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dariia O. Dryn
- O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mariia I. Melnyk
- ESC “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Deep breathing alleviates propofol-induced pain: a prospective, randomized, single-blind study. J Anesth 2023; 37:97-103. [PMID: 36355202 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-022-03136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Propofol is commonly used to induce general anesthesia; however, the pain caused during propofol injection is a disadvantage. This study aimed to assess whether deep breathing attenuates propofol injection pain. METHODS This prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study included 200 patients who were scheduled to undergo elective surgery under general anesthesia and randomly and equally divided them into group D and group C. The observers were not blinded to the pain-relieving modality, but each patient was blinded. Group D patients were requested to repeatedly take deep breaths throughout general anesthesia induction with propofol. Group C patients were requested to breathe in the usual manner. The intensity of propofol injection pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS). Furthermore, we recorded the patients' pain expressions, including grimace or hand-withdrawal, and the recalled pain measured using a VAS in the post-anesthetic care units (PACU). RESULTS Compared with patients in group C, those in group D showed significantly reduced VAS scores for propofol injection pain (20 [interquartile range (IQR): 0-48] vs. 37 [IQR 9-65], P = 0.017) and recalled pain in the PACU (16 [IQR 0-32] vs. 26 [IQR 0.5-51], P = 0.031). Further, the grimace incidence was significantly lower in group D (18%) than in group C (45%) (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of pain at induction, recalled pain, or hand-withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS Deep breathing could be an easy, safe, and inexpensive method for reducing pain during propofol injection.
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8
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Mack ML, Huang W, Chang SL. Involvement of TRPM7 in Alcohol-Induced Damage of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Presence of HIV Viral Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1910. [PMID: 36768230 PMCID: PMC9916124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) exerts its effects through various protein targets, including transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channels, which play an essential role in cellular homeostasis. We demonstrated that TRPM7 is expressed in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMVECs), the major cellular component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Heavy alcohol drinking is often associated with HIV infection, however mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced BBB damage and HIV proteins, are not fully understood. We utilized the HIV-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg) rat to mimic HIV-1 patients on combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) and demonstrated TRPM7 expression in rBMVECs wass lower in adolescent HIV-1Tg rats compared to control animals, however control and HIV-1Tg rats expressed similar levels at 9 weeks, indicating persistent presence of HIV-1 proteins delayed TRPM7 expression. Binge exposure to EtOH (binge EtOH) decreased TRPM7 expression in control rBMVECs in a concentration-dependent manner, and abolished TRPM7 expression in HIV-1Tg rats. In human BMVECs (hBMVECs), TRPM7 expression was downregulated after treatment with EtOH, HIV-1 proteins, and in combination. Next, we constructed in vitro BBB models using BMVECs and found TRPM7 antagonists enhanced EtOH-mediated BBB integrity changes. Our study demonstrated alcohol decreased TRPM7 expression, whereby TRPM7 could be involved in the mechanisms underlying BBB alcohol-induced damage in HIV-1 patients on cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Mack
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
| | - Wenfei Huang
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
| | - Sulie L. Chang
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
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de Melo IB, Oliveira-Paula GH, Ferezin LP, Ferreira GC, Pinheiro LC, Tanus-Santos JE, Garcia LV, Lacchini R, Paula-Garcia WN. TRPA1 Polymorphisms Modify the Hypotensive Responses to Propofol with No Change in Nitrite or Nitrate Levels. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6333-6345. [PMID: 36547093 PMCID: PMC9777046 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia with propofol is frequently associated with hypotension. The TRPA1 gene contributes to the vasodilator effect of propofol. Hypotension is crucial for anesthesiologists because it is deleterious in the perioperative period. We tested whether the TRPA1 gene polymorphisms or haplotypes interfere with the hypotensive responses to propofol. PCR-determined genotypes and haplotype frequencies were estimated. Nitrite, nitrates, and NOx levels were measured. Propofol induced a more expressive lowering of the blood pressure (BP) without changing nitrite or nitrate levels in patients carrying CG+GG genotypes for the rs16937976 TRPA1 polymorphism and AG+AA genotypes for the rs13218757 TRPA1 polymorphism. The CGA haplotype presented the most remarkable drop in BP. Heart rate values were not impacted. The present exploratory analysis suggests that TRPA1 genotypes and haplotypes influence the hypotensive responses to propofol. The mechanisms involved are probably other than those related to NO bioavailability. With better genetic knowledge, planning anesthesia with fewer side effects may be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Borges de Melo
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Oliveira-Paula
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Graziele C. Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas C. Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose E. Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis V. Garcia
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
| | - Waynice N. Paula-Garcia
- Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14048900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3602-2814
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Potent Activation of Human but Not Mouse TRPA1 by JT010. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214297. [PMID: 36430781 PMCID: PMC9695908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin repeat 1 (TRPA1), which is involved in inflammatory pain sensation, is activated by endogenous factors, such as intracellular Zn2+ and hydrogen peroxide, and by irritant chemical compounds. The synthetic compound JT010 potently and selectively activates human TRPA1 (hTRPA1) among the TRPs. Therefore, JT010 is a useful tool for analyzing TRPA1 functions in biological systems. Here, we show that JT010 is a potent activator of hTRPA1, but not mouse TRPA1 (mTRPA1) in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells expressing hTRPA1 and mTRPA1. Application of 0.3-100 nM of JT010 to HEK cells with hTRPA1 induced large Ca2+ responses. However, in HEK cells with mTRPA1, the response was small. In contrast, both TRPA1s were effectively activated by allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) at 10-100 μM. Similar selective activation of hTRPA1 by JT010 was observed in electrophysiological experiments. Additionally, JT010 activated TRPA1 in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes with inflammation, but not TRPA1 in mouse dorsal root ganglion cells. As cysteine at 621 (C621) of hTRPA1, a critical cysteine for interaction with JT010, is conserved in mTRPA1, we applied JT010 to HEK cells with mutations in mTRPA1, where the different residue of mTRPA1 with tyrosine at 60 (Y60), with histidine at 1023 (H1023), and with asparagine at 1027 (N1027) were substituted with cysteine in hTRPA1. However, these mutants showed low sensitivity to JT010. In contrast, the mutation of hTRPA1 at position 669 from phenylalanine to methionine (F669M), comprising methionine at 670 in mTRPA1 (M670), significantly reduced the response to JT010. Moreover, the double mutant at S669 and M670 of mTRPA1 to S669E and M670F, respectively, induced slight but substantial sensitivity to 30 and 100 nM JT010. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that JT010 potently and selectively activates hTRPA1 but not mTRPA1.
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11
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Klasfauseweh T, Israel MR, Ragnarsson L, Cox JJ, Durek T, Carter DA, Leffler A, Vetter I, Deuis JR. Low potency inhibition of NaV1.7 by externally applied QX-314 via a depolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:175013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Kim G, Nakamura M, Cho JH, Nam S, Jang IS. Sevoflurane modulation of tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+ channels in small-sized dorsal root ganglion neurons of rats. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1335-1340. [PMID: 34718245 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Volatile anesthetics are widely used for general anesthesia during surgical operations. Voltage-gated Na+ channels expressed in central neurons are major targets for volatile anesthetics; but it is unclear whether these drugs modulate native tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na+ channels, which are involved in the development and maintenance of inflammatory pain. METHODS In this study, we examined the effects of sevoflurane on TTX-R Na+ currents (INa) in acutely isolated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. RESULTS Sevoflurane slightly potentiated the peak amplitude of transient TTX-R INa but more potently inhibited slow voltage-ramp-induced persistent INa in a concentration-dependent manner. Sevoflurane (0.86 ± 0.02 mM) (1) slightly shifted the steady-state fast inactivation relationship to hyperpolarizing ranges without affecting the voltage-activation relationship, (2) reduced the extent of use-dependent inhibition of Na+ channels, (3) accelerated the onset of inactivation and (4) delayed the recovery from inactivation of TTX-R Na+ channels. Thus, sevoflurane has diverse effects on TTX-R Na+ channels expressed in nociceptive neurons. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that the inhibition of persistent INa and the modulation of the voltage dependence and inactivation might be, at least in part, responsible for the analgesic effects elicited by sevoflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michiko Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Il-Sung Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry
- Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Mahajan N, Khare P, Kondepudi KK, Bishnoi M. TRPA1: Pharmacology, natural activators and role in obesity prevention. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174553. [PMID: 34627805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is a calcium permeable, non-selective cation channel, expressed in the sensory neurons and non-neuronal cells of different tissues. Initially studied for its role in pain and inflammation, TRPA1 has now functionally involved in multiple other physiological functions. TRPA1 channel has been extensively studied for modulation by pungent compounds present in the spices and herbs. In the last decade, the role of TRPA1 agonism in body weight reduction, secretion of hunger and satiety hormones, insulin secretion and thermogenesis, has unveiled the potential of the TRPA1 channel to be used as a preventive target to tackle obesity and associated comorbidities including insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. In this review, we summarized the recent findings of TRPA1 based dietary/non-dietary modulation for its role in obesity prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mahajan
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Pragyanshu Khare
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods, Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Knowledge City-Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
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Mini-review: The nociceptive sensory functions of the polymodal receptor Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin Type 1 (TRPA1). Neurosci Lett 2021; 764:136286. [PMID: 34624396 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 17 years since its cloning in 2003, the receptor-channel TRPA1 has received increasing attention due to its polymodal features and prominent role in pain signaling in a variety of human disease states. While evidence has been accumulating for non-neuronal TRPA1 expression, it is the presence of this channel in nociceptive nerve endings which has taken centre stage, due to its potential clinical ramifications. As a consequence, we shall focus in this review on the sensory functions of TRPA1 related to its expression in the peripheral nervous system. While substantial research has been focused on the putative role of TRPA1 in detecting irritant compounds, noxious cold and mechanical stimuli, the current overall picture is, to some extent, still cloudy. The chemosensory function of the channel is well demonstrated, as well as its involvement in the detection of oxidative and nitrosative stress; however, the other sensory features of TRPA1 have not been fully elucidated yet. The current state of the experimental evidence for these physiological roles of TRPA1 in mammals, and particularly in humans, will be discussed in this review.
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Rhythmic Change of Cortical Hemodynamic Signals Associated with Ongoing Nociception in Awake and Anesthetized Individuals: An Exploratory Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Anesthesiology 2021; 135:877-892. [PMID: 34610092 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing surgical procedures are vulnerable to repetitive evoked or ongoing nociceptive barrage. Using functional near infrared spectroscopy, the authors aimed to evaluate the cortical hemodynamic signal power changes during ongoing nociception in healthy awake volunteers and in surgical patients under general anesthesia. The authors hypothesized that ongoing nociception to heat or surgical trauma would induce reductions in the power of cortical low-frequency hemodynamic oscillations in a similar manner as previously reported using functional magnetic resonance imaging for ongoing pain. METHODS Cortical hemodynamic signals during noxious stimuli from the fontopolar cortex were evaluated in two groups: group 1, a healthy/conscious group (n = 15, all males) where ongoing noxious and innocuous heat stimulus was induced by a contact thermode to the dorsum of left hand; and group 2, a patient/unconscious group (n = 13, 3 males) receiving general anesthesia undergoing knee surgery. The fractional power of low-frequency hemodynamic signals was compared across stimulation conditions in the healthy awake group, and between patients who received standard anesthesia and those who received standard anesthesia with additional regional nerve block. RESULTS A reduction of the total fractional power in both groups-specifically, a decrease in the slow-5 frequency band (0.01 to 0.027 Hz) of oxygenated hemoglobin concentration changes over the frontopolar cortex-was observed during ongoing noxious stimuli in the healthy awake group (paired t test, P = 0.017; effect size, 0.70), and during invasive procedures in the surgery group (paired t test, P = 0.003; effect size, 2.16). The reduction was partially reversed in patients who received a regional nerve block that likely diminished afferent nociceptive activity (two-sample t test, P = 0.002; effect size, 2.34). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest common power changes in slow-wave cortical hemodynamic oscillations during ongoing nociceptive processing in conscious and unconscious states. The observed signal may potentially promote future development of a surrogate signal to assess ongoing nociception under general anesthesia. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Kilpatrick GJ. Remimazolam: Non-Clinical and Clinical Profile of a New Sedative/Anesthetic Agent. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:690875. [PMID: 34354587 PMCID: PMC8329483 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.690875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A program to identify novel intravenous sedatives with a short and predictable duration of action was initiated in the late 1990's by Glaxo Wellcome. The program focussed on the identification of ester-based benzodiazepine derivatives that are rapidly broken down by esterases. Remimazolam was identified as one of the lead compounds. The project at Glaxo was shelved for strategic reasons at the late lead optimization stage. Via the GSK ventures initiative, the program was acquired by the small biotechnology company, TheraSci, and, through successive acquisitions, developed as the besylate salt at CeNeS and PAION. The development of remimazolam besylate has been slow by industry standards, primarily because of the resource limitations of these small companies. It has, however, recently been approved for anesthesia in Japan and South Korea, procedural sedation in the United States, China, and Europe, and for compassionate use in intensive care unit sedation in Belgium. A second development program of remimazolam was later initiated in China, using a slightly different salt form, remimazolam tosylate. This salt form of the compound has also recently been approved for procedural sedation in China. Remimazolam has the pharmacological profile of a classical benzodiazepine, such as midazolam, but is differentiated from other intravenous benzodiazepines by its rapid conversion to an inactive metabolite resulting in a short onset/offset profile. It is differentiated from other intravenous hypnotic agents, such as propofol, by its low liability for cardiovascular depression, respiratory depression, and injection pain. The benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil can reverse the effects of remimazolam in case of adverse events and further shorten recovery times. The aim of this review is to provide an analysis of, and perspective on, published non-clinical and clinical information on 1) the pharmacology, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic profile of remimazolam, 2) the profile of remimazolam compared with established agents, 3) gaps in the current understanding of remimazolam, 4) the compound's discovery and development process and 5) likely future developments in the clinical use of remimazolam.
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Liu Y, Yang H, Fu Y, Pan Z, Qiu F, Xu Y, Yang X, Chen Q, Ma D, Liu Z. TRPV1 Antagonist Prevents Neonatal Sevoflurane-Induced Synaptic Abnormality and Cognitive Impairment in Mice Through Regulating the Src/Cofilin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:684516. [PMID: 34307363 PMCID: PMC8293754 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.684516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term neurodevelopmental disorders following neonatal anesthesia have been reported both in young animals and in children. The activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels in hippocampus adversely affects neurodevelopment. The current study explored the underlying mechanism of TRPV1 channels on long-lasting cognitive dysfunction induced by anesthetic exposure to the developing brain. we demonstrated that TRPV1 expression was increased after sevoflurane exposure both in vitro and in vivo. Sevoflurane exposure to hippocampal neurons decreased the synaptic density and the surface GluA1 expression, as well as increased co-localization of internalized AMPAR in early and recycling endosomes. Sevoflurane exposure to newborn mice impaired learning and memory in adulthood, and reduced AMPAR subunit GluA1, 2 and 3 expressions in the crude synaptosomal fractions from mouse hippocampus. The inhibition of TRPV1 reversed the phenotypic changes induced by sevoflurane. Moreover, sevoflurane exposure increased Src phosphorylation at tyrosine 416 site thereby reducing cofilin phosphorylation. TRPV1 blockade reversed these suppressive effects of sevoflurane. Our data suggested that TRPV1 antagonist may protect against synaptic damage and cognitive dysfunction induced by sevoflurane exposure during the brain developing stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifei Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenglong Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fang Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Wang F, Zhang G, Zhou Y, Yang X, Zhou L, Yuan J, Fei X, Zhu Z, Liu D. The expanded effects of sevoflurane on the nervous system: the harmful effect of residual concentration of sevoflurane on the respiratory system through neurogenic inflammation. IBRAIN 2021; 7:68-79. [PMID: 37786912 PMCID: PMC10529160 DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2021.tb00068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Neurogenic inflammation caused by sevoflurane may not only limite to the nervous system, but also expand to the respiratory system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression changes of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B (NKB), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in 14, 21 and 42-day-old rats after inhaling 0.4% sevoflurane, in order to evaluate whether the residual sevoflurane be harmful to the respiratory system through neurogenic inflammation. Methods The anesthetic inhalation device was designed to allow 14, 21 and 42-day-old rats inhale 0.4% sevoflurane, while rats in the control group inhaled 40% O2 for 1h. Rats in the antagonist group inhaled 0.4% sevoflurane or 40% O2 for 1 h after Capsazepine (CPZ) pretreatment. The expression of TRPV1 in lung tissue was detected by western blot, and the expression of NKA, NKB, CGRP and SP in trachea was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results After inhaling 0.4% sevoflurane, the expression of TRPV1 in lung tissue of 14 and 21-day-old rats was significantly higher than that of the control group, as well as increased the expression of CGRP and SP in the trachea of 14-day-old rats and NKA, NKB, CGRP and SP in the trachea of 21-day-old rats. CPZ pretreatment could antagonize these effects. Conclusion Residual sevoflurane during resuscitation of inhalation anesthesia could induce neurogenic inflammation by activating TRPV1, which damaged to the developing respiratory system, but has no significant effect on the respiratory system in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng‐Lin Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Guang‐Ting Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yan‐Nan Zhou
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xin‐Xin Yang
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xia Fei
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Zhao‐Qiong Zhu
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - De‐Xing Liu
- Soochow University Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsuChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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19
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Etomidate and its Analogs: A Review of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. Clin Pharmacokinet 2021; 60:1253-1269. [PMID: 34060021 PMCID: PMC8505283 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-021-01038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Etomidate is a hypnotic agent that is used for the induction of anesthesia. It produces its effect by acting as a positive allosteric modulator on the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor and thus enhancing the effect of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid. Etomidate stands out among other anesthetic agents by having a remarkably stable cardiorespiratory profile, producing no cardiovascular or respiratory depression. However, etomidate suppresses the adrenocortical axis by the inhibition of the enzyme 11β-hydroxylase. This makes the drug unsuitable for administration by a prolonged infusion. It also makes the drug unsuitable for administration to critically ill patients. Etomidate has relatively large volumes of distributions and is rapidly metabolized by hepatic esterases into an inactive carboxylic acid through hydrolyzation. Because of the decrease in popularity of etomidate, few modern extensive pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic studies exist. Over the last decade, several analogs of etomidate have been developed, with the aim of retaining its stable cardiorespiratory profile, whilst eliminating its suppressive effect on the adrenocortical axis. One of these molecules, ABP-700, was studied in extensive phase I clinical trials. These found that ABP-700 is characterized by small volumes of distribution and rapid clearance. ABP-700 is metabolized similarly to etomidate, by hydrolyzation into an inactive carboxylic acid. Furthermore, ABP-700 showed a rapid onset and offset of clinical effect. One side effect observed with both etomidate and ABP-700 is the occurrence of involuntary muscle movements. The origin of these movements is unclear and warrants further research.
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20
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Tochitsky I, Jo S, Andrews N, Kotoda M, Doyle B, Shim J, Talbot S, Roberson D, Lee J, Haste L, Jordan SM, Levy BD, Bean BP, Woolf CJ. Inhibition of inflammatory pain and cough by a novel charged sodium channel blocker. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3905-3923. [PMID: 33988876 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many pain-triggering nociceptor neurons express TRPV1 or TRPA1, cation-selective channels with large pores that enable permeation of QX-314, a cationic analogue of lidocaine. Co-application of QX-314 with TRPV1 or TRPA1 activators can silence nociceptors. In this study, we describe BW-031, a novel more potent cationic sodium channel inhibitor, and test whether its application alone can inhibit pain associated with tissue inflammation and whether this strategy can also inhibit cough. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We tested the ability of BW-031 to inhibit pain in three models of tissue inflammation:- inflammation in rat paws produced by complete Freund's adjuvant or by surgical incision and a mouse ultraviolet (UV) burn model. We tested the ability of BW-031 to inhibit cough induced by inhalation of dilute citric acid in guinea pigs. KEY RESULTS BW-031 inhibited Nav 1.7 and Nav 1.1 channels with approximately sixfold greater potency than QX-314 when introduced inside cells. BW-031 inhibited inflammatory pain in all three models tested, producing more effective and longer-lasting inhibition of pain than QX-314 in the mouse UV burn model. BW-031 was effective in reducing cough counts by 78%-90% when applied intratracheally under isoflurane anaesthesia or by aerosol inhalation in guinea pigs with airway inflammation produced by ovalbumin sensitization. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS BW-031 is a novel cationic sodium channel inhibitor that can be applied locally as a single agent to inhibit inflammatory pain. BW-031 can also effectively inhibit cough in a guinea pig model of citric acid-induced cough, suggesting a new clinical approach to treating cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Tochitsky
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sooyeon Jo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nick Andrews
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masakazu Kotoda
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin Doyle
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jaehoon Shim
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Départément de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - David Roberson
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jinbo Lee
- Sage Partner International, Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louise Haste
- Pharmacology Department, Covance Inc., Huntingdon, UK
| | | | - Bruce D Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce P Bean
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Sevoflurane excites nociceptive sensory neurons by inhibiting K + conductances in rats. Neurosci Lett 2021; 756:135951. [PMID: 33984431 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane, which is preferentially used as a day-case anesthetic based on its low blood solubility, acts on the central nervous system and exerts analgesic effects. However, it still remains unknown whether sevoflurane affects the excitability of nociceptive sensory neurons. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine the effects of sevoflurane on the excitability of small-sized dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In a voltage-clamp condition, sevoflurane elicited the membrane current in a concentration-dependent manner, in which the reversal potential was similar to the equilibrium potential of K+. In a current-clamp condition, sevoflurane directly depolarized the membrane potentials in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, at a clinically relevant concentration, sevoflurane decreased the threshold for action potential generation. These findings suggest that sevoflurane acts on the leak K+ channels to increase the excitability of DRG neurons. Sevoflurane increased the half-width of single action potentials, which resulted from the inhibition of voltage-gated K+ currents, including the fast inactivating A-type and non-inactivating delayed rectifier K+ currents. Our study indicates that sevoflurane could exhibit pronociceptive effects on nociceptive sensory neurons by inhibiting K+ conductances.
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Shen Z, Xu H, Song W, Hu C, Guo M, Li J, Li J. Galectin-1 ameliorates perioperative neurocognitive disorders in aged mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:842-856. [PMID: 33942523 PMCID: PMC8193703 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The incidence of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is higher in the elderly patients undergoing surgery. Microglia activation‐mediated neuroinflammation is one of the hallmarks of PND. Galectin‐1 has been identified as a pivotal modulator in the central nervous system (CNS), while the role of galectin‐1 in PND induced by microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation is still undetermined. Methods An exploratory laparotomy model anesthetized with isoflurane was employed to investigate the role of galectin‐1 on PND in aged mice. Open field test and Morris water maze were used to test the cognitive function 3‐ or 7‐days post‐surgery. The activation of microglia in the hippocampus of aged mice was tested by immunohistochemistry. Western blot, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were employed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Results Galectin‐1 attenuated the cognitive dysfunction induced by surgery in aged mice and inhibited microglial activity. Moreover, galectin‐1 decreased the expression level of inflammatory proteins (interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α), and prevented neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Galectin‐1 inhibited the inflammation of BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide via decreasing the translocation of NF‐κB p65 and c‐Jun, while this kind of inhibition was rescued when overexpressing IRAK1. Conclusion Our findings provide evidence that galectin‐1 may inhibit IRAK1 expression, thus suppressing inflammatory response, inhibiting neuroinflammation, and improving ensuing cognitive dysfunction. Collectively, these findings unveil that galectin‐1 may elicit protective effects on surgery‐induced neuroinflammation and neurocognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuwen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Skinner KA, Wzorek JS, Kahne D, Gaudet R. Efficient and flexible synthesis of new photoactivatable propofol analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 39:127927. [PMID: 33705906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Propofol is a widely used general anesthetic, which acts by binding to and modulating several neuronal ion channels. We describe the synthesis of photoactivatable propofol analogs functionalized with an alkyne handle for bioorthogonal chemistry. Such tools are useful for detecting and isolating photolabeled proteins. We designed expedient and flexible synthetic routes to three new diazirine-based crosslinkable propofol derivatives, two of which have alkyne handles. As a proof of principle, we show that these compounds activate heterologously expressed Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a key ion channel of the pain pathway, with a similar potency as propofol in fluorescence-based functional assays. This work demonstrates that installation of the crosslinkable and clickable group on a short nonpolar spacer at the para position of propofol does not affect TRPA1 activation, supporting the utility of these chemical tools in identifying and characterizing potentially druggable binding sites in propofol-interacting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Skinner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Joseph S Wzorek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Daniel Kahne
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Rachelle Gaudet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.
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Dieckmann G, Borsook D, Moulton E. Neuropathic corneal pain and dry eye: a continuum of nociception. Br J Ophthalmol 2021; 106:1039-1043. [PMID: 33931393 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Throughout the body, damage to peripheral nerves normally involved in nociception may produce a constellation of symptoms-including irritation, itchiness and pain. The neurobiological processes involved in corneal symptoms of dry eye (DE) and neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) have not been clearly considered in terms of nociceptive processing. The conventional underlying presumption is that a labelled line principle is responsible; that these distinct perceptions are hard coded by primary afferent inputs to the central nervous system. This presumption oversimplifies the neurobiological mechanisms underlying somatosensory perception. The labelled line perspective that DE represents a chronic pain condition does not make intuitive sense: how can an eye condition that is not painful in most cases be considered a pain condition? Does not chronic pain by definition require pain to be present? On the other hand, NCP, a term that clearly denotes a painful condition, has historically seemed to resonate with clinical significance. Both DE and NCP can share similar features, yet their differentiation is not always clear. As is often the case, clinical terms arise from different disciplines, with DE evolving from ophthalmological findings and NCP inspired by pain neurophysiology. This review evaluates the current definition of these terms, the rationale for their overlap and how the neurophysiology of itch impacts our understanding of these conditions as a continuum of the same disease. Despite the complexity of nociceptive physiology, an understanding of these mechanisms will allow us a more precise therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dieckmann
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Borsook
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Moulton
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wu CK, Lin JF, Lee TS, Kou YR, Tarng DC. Role of TRPA1 in Tissue Damage and Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3415. [PMID: 33810314 PMCID: PMC8036557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel, is expressed in sensory afferent that innervates peripheral targets. Neuronal TRPA1 can promote tissue repair, remove harmful stimuli and induce protective responses via the release of neuropeptides after the activation of the channel by chemical, exogenous, or endogenous irritants in the injured tissue. However, chronic inflammation after repeated noxious stimuli may result in the development of several diseases. In addition to sensory neurons, TRPA1, activated by inflammatory agents from some non-neuronal cells in the injured area or disease, might promote or protect disease progression. Therefore, TRPA1 works as a molecular sentinel of tissue damage or as an inflammation gatekeeper. Most kidney damage cases are associated with inflammation. In this review, we summarised the role of TRPA1 in neurogenic or non-neurogenic inflammation and in kidney disease, especially the non-neuronal TRPA1. In in vivo animal studies, TRPA1 prevented sepsis-induced or Ang-II-induced and ischemia-reperfusion renal injury by maintaining mitochondrial haemostasis or via the downregulation of macrophage-mediated inflammation, respectively. Renal tubular epithelial TRPA1 acts as an oxidative stress sensor to mediate hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in vitro and ischaemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury in vivo through MAPKs/NF-kB signalling. Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with high renal tubular TRPA1 expression had low complete renal function recovery. In renal disease, TPRA1 plays different roles in different cell types accordingly. These findings depict the important role of TRPA1 and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Kuan Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Fan Lin
- Precision Medicine Center, Department of Research, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Yu Ru Kou
- Department of Institue of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Department of Institue of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Maglie R, Souza Monteiro de Araujo D, Antiga E, Geppetti P, Nassini R, De Logu F. The Role of TRPA1 in Skin Physiology and Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3065. [PMID: 33802836 PMCID: PMC8002674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), a member of the TRP superfamily of channels, acts as 'polymodal cellular sensor' on primary sensory neurons where it mediates the peripheral and central processing of pain, itch, and thermal sensation. However, the TRPA1 expression extends far beyond the sensory nerves. In recent years, much attention has been paid to its expression and function in non-neuronal cell types including skin cells, such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. TRPA1 seems critically involved in a series of physiological skin functions, including formation and maintenance of physico-chemical skin barriers, skin cells, and tissue growth and differentiation. TRPA1 appears to be implicated in mechanistic processes in various immunological inflammatory diseases and cancers of the skin, such as atopic and allergic contact dermatitis, psoriasis, bullous pemphigoid, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and melanoma. Here, we report recent findings on the implication of TRPA1 in skin physiology and pathophysiology. The potential use of TRPA1 antagonists in the treatment of inflammatory and immunological skin disorders will be also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Maglie
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (R.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Daniel Souza Monteiro de Araujo
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.S.M.d.A.); (P.G.); (F.D.L.)
| | - Emiliano Antiga
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (R.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.S.M.d.A.); (P.G.); (F.D.L.)
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.S.M.d.A.); (P.G.); (F.D.L.)
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (D.S.M.d.A.); (P.G.); (F.D.L.)
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Mukaiyama M, Usui T, Nagumo Y. Non-electrophilic TRPA1 agonists, menthol, carvacrol and clotrimazole, open epithelial tight junctions via TRPA1 activation. J Biochem 2021; 168:407-415. [PMID: 32428205 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the transient receptor potential A1 channel (TRPA1) by electrophilic agonists was reported to induce the opening of tight junctions (TJs). Because compounds that increase TJ permeability can be paracellular permeability enhancers, we investigated the effect of non-electrophilic TRPA1 activators, including food ingredients (menthol and carvacrol) and medication (clotrimazole), on epithelial permeability. We show that all three compounds induced increase of the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran (4 kDa) and decrease of transepithelial electrical resistance, accompanied by Ca2+ influx and cofilin activation in epithelial MDCK II monolayers. These phenotypes were attenuated by pretreatment of a TRPA1 antagonist, suggesting TRPA1-mediated opening of TJs. These results suggest that non-electrophilic TRPA1 activators with established safety can be utilized to regulate epithelial barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeo Usui
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS)
| | - Yoko Nagumo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences.,Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Inada Y, Funai Y, Yamasaki H, Mori T, Nishikawa K. Effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on the nociceptive responses of substantia gelatinosa neurons in the rat spinal cord dorsal horn: An in vivo patch-clamp analysis. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920903149. [PMID: 32048544 PMCID: PMC7016309 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920903149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Volatile anesthetics suppress noxiously evoked activity in the spinal dorsal horn, which could contribute in part to analgesia, immobility. Modulation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in substantia gelatinosa neurons could lead to the suppression of dorsal horn activity; however, this phenomenon has not yet been investigated fully. Methods In urethane-anesthetized rats, extracellular activity of dorsal horn neurons (action potentials) and excitatory/inhibitory postsynaptic currents in substantia gelatinosa neurons were recorded using extracellular and in vivo patch-clamp techniques, respectively, to assess the spontaneous and the noxious-evoked activity. Sevoflurane or desflurane at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2 minimum alveolar concentration was administered by inhalation. Hot- and cold-plate tests were performed to assess nociceptive responses during the inhalation of volatile anesthetics at lower anesthetic doses (0.1–0.5 minimum alveolar concentration). Results At anesthetic doses (1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration), both sevoflurane and desflurane decreased the frequency of action potentials in the dorsal horn and the activities of excitatory postsynaptic currents in substantia gelatinosa neurons during pinch stimulation and decreased the activities of spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. Inhibition of the frequencies was more prominent than that of amplitudes in spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents at these anesthetic doses. However, at subanesthetic doses (0.1 and 0.2 minimum alveolar concentration), desflurane facilitated action potentials and excitatory postsynaptic currents. Inhibitory postsynaptic currents were inhibited by both anesthetics at anesthetic doses (1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration). Hot- or cold-plate tests showed hyperalgesic effects of desflurane at subanesthetic doses (0.1 and 0.2 minimum alveolar concentration) and a dose-dependent analgesic effect of sevoflurane. Conclusions Sevoflurane and desflurane at anesthetic doses suppressed dorsal horn activity mainly via inhibition of excitatory postsynaptic currents in substantia gelatinosa neurons, which would contribute to their analgesic properties. Presynaptic mechanisms were likely in excitatory postsynaptic currents inhibition. Desflurane but not sevoflurane may have a hyperalgesic effect at subanesthetic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Inada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Funai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Mori
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Nishikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND General anesthetics influence mitochondrial homeostasis, placing individuals with mitochondrial disorders and possibly carriers of recessive mitochondrial mutations at increased risk of perioperative complications. In Drosophila, mutations in the ND23 subunit of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain-analogous to mammalian NDUFS8-replicate key characteristics of Leigh syndrome, an inherited mitochondrial disorder. The authors used the ND23 mutant for testing the hypothesis that anesthetics have toxic potential in carriers of mitochondrial mutations. METHODS The authors exposed wild-type flies and ND23 mutant flies to behaviorally equivalent doses of isoflurane or sevoflurane in 5%, 21%, or 75% oxygen. The authors used percent mortality (mean ± SD, n ≥ 3) at 24 h after exposure as a readout of toxicity and changes in gene expression to investigate toxicity mechanisms. RESULTS Exposure of 10- to 13-day-old male ND23 flies to isoflurane in 5%, 21%, or 75% oxygen resulted in 16.0 ± 14.9% (n = 10), 48.2 ± 16.1% (n = 9), and 99.2 ± 2.0% (n = 10) mortality, respectively. Comparable mortality was observed in females. In contrast, under the same conditions, mortality was less than 5% for all male and female groups exposed to sevoflurane, except 10- to 13-day-old male ND23 flies with 9.6 ± 8.9% (n = 16) mortality. The mortality of 10- to 13-day-old ND23 flies exposed to isoflurane was rescued by neuron- or glia-specific expression of wild-type ND23. Isoflurane and sevoflurane differentially affected expression of antioxidant genes in 10- to 13-day-old ND23 flies. ND23 flies had elevated mortality from paraquat-induced oxidative stress compared with wild-type flies. The mortality of heterozygous ND23 flies exposed to isoflurane in 75% oxygen increased with age, resulting in 54.0 ± 19.6% (n = 4) mortality at 33 to 39 days old, and the percent mortality varied in different genetic backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS Mutations in the mitochondrial complex I subunit ND23 increase susceptibility to isoflurane-induced toxicity and to oxidative stress in Drosophila. Asymptomatic flies that carry ND23 mutations are sensitized to hyperoxic isoflurane toxicity by age and genetic background. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Souza Monteiro de Araujo D, Nassini R, Geppetti P, De Logu F. TRPA1 as a therapeutic target for nociceptive pain. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:997-1008. [PMID: 32838583 PMCID: PMC7610834 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1815191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Chronic pain affects approximatively 30–50% of the population globally. Pathologies such as migraine, diabetic neuropathy, nerve injury and treatment with chemotherapeutic agents, can induce chronic pain. Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, including the TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), have a major role in pain. Areas covered We focus on TRPA1 as a therapeutic target for pain relief. The structure, localization, and activation of the channel and its implication in different pathways to signal pain are described. This paper underlines the role of pharmacological interventions on TRPA1 to reduce pain in numerous pain conditions. We conducted a literature search in PubMed up to and including July 2020. Expert opinion Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the sensitization of central and peripheral nociceptive pathways is limited. Preclinical evidence indicates that, in murine models of pain diseases, numerous mechanisms converge on the pathway that encompasses oxidative stress and Schwann cell TRPA1 to sustain chronic pain. Programs to identify and develop treatments to attenuate TRPA1-mediated chronic pain have emerged from this knowledge. Antagonists explored as a novel class of analgesics have a new and promising target in the TRPA1 expressed by peripheral glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence , Florence, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence , Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Florence , Florence, Italy
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Yang L, Ton H, Zhao R, Geron E, Li M, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Yu B, Yang G, Xie Z. Sevoflurane induces neuronal activation and behavioral hyperactivity in young mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11226. [PMID: 32641746 PMCID: PMC7343864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66959-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane, a commonly used anesthetic, may cause agitation in patients. However, the mechanism underlying this clinical observation remains largely unknown. We thus assessed the effects of sevoflurane on neuronal activation and behaviors in mice. Ten-day-old mice received 2% sevoflurane, 1% isoflurane, or 6% desflurane for 10 minutes. The behavioral activities were recorded and evaluated at one minute after the loss of righting reflex in the mice, which was about two minutes after the anesthetic administration. The neuronal activation was evaluated by c-Fos expression and calcium imaging at one minute after the anesthetic administration. Propofol, which reduces neuronal activation, was used to determine the cause-and-effect of sevoflurane. We found that sevoflurane caused an increase in neuronal activation in primary somatosensory cortex of young mice and behavioral hyperactivity in the mice at one minute after the loss of righting reflex. Desflurane did not induce behavioral hyperactivity and isoflurane only caused behavioral hyperactivity with borderline significance. Finally, propofol attenuated the sevoflurane-induced increase in neuronal activation and behavioral hyperactivity in young mice. These results demonstrate an unexpected sevoflurane-induced increase in neuronal activation and behavioral hyperactivity in young mice. These findings suggest the potential mechanisms underlying the sevoflurane-induced agitation and will promote future studies to further determine whether anesthetics can induce behavioral hyperactivity via increasing neuronal activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA
| | - Hoai Ton
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA
| | - Ruohe Zhao
- Skirball Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Erez Geron
- Skirball Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mengzhu Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlin Dong
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA
| | - Buwei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Zhongcong Xie
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA.
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Ton HT, Phan TX, Ahern GP. Inhibition of Ligand-Gated TRPA1 by General Anesthetics. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:185-191. [PMID: 32580996 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.118851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several general anesthetics (GAs) produce pain or irritation upon administration, and this occurs predominantly through the activation of the nociceptive ion channel, transient receptor potential ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1). However, the effects of GAs on agonist-mediated TRPA1 activity are unclear. Here we show that a diverse range of noxious and non-noxious volatile anesthetics, at clinically relevant concentrations, inhibit ligand-activated TRPA1 currents. These effects are species-specific; GAs blocks rodent TRPA1 without affecting the Drosophila ortholog. Furthermore, propofol inhibits rodent but not human TRPA1. Analysis of chimeric TRPA1 proteins and mutagenesis combined reveals two amino acid residues located in the S5 domain, Ser876 and Thr877, that are critical for the inhibitory effects of isoflurane and propofol. Introduction of these residues into Drosophila TRPA1 confers anesthetic inhibition. Furthermore, several residues lining the presumptive binding pocket for noxious GAs are not required for the inhibitory effects of GAs. We conclude that anesthetics inhibit TRPA1 by interacting at a site distinct from the activation site. The inhibitory effects of GAs at TRPA1 may contribute to the diverse pharmacological action of these drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We show that both noxious and non-noxious general anesthetics inhibit agonist-evoked transient receptor potential ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1) activity and identify critical amino acid residues located in the pore domain. Inhibition of TRPA1 may affect pain and vascular signaling during anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai T Ton
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington DC (H.T.T., T.X.P., G.P.A.) and Department of Biology, Vinh University, Vinh city, Nghe An, Vietnam (H.T.T., T.X.P.)
| | - Thieu X Phan
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington DC (H.T.T., T.X.P., G.P.A.) and Department of Biology, Vinh University, Vinh city, Nghe An, Vietnam (H.T.T., T.X.P.)
| | - Gerard P Ahern
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington DC (H.T.T., T.X.P., G.P.A.) and Department of Biology, Vinh University, Vinh city, Nghe An, Vietnam (H.T.T., T.X.P.)
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Comparison of the Effects of Desflurane, Sevoflurane, and Propofol on the Glottic Opening Area during Remifentanil-Based General Anesthesia Using a Supraglottic Airway Device. Anesthesiol Res Pract 2020; 2020:1302898. [PMID: 32636879 PMCID: PMC7321498 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1302898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the effects of desflurane, sevoflurane, and propofol on the glottic opening area during general anesthesia using remifentanil. Methods Ninety patients undergoing hand and upper limb surgery combined with brachial plexus block under general anesthesia were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomized into three groups to receive desflurane (group D), sevoflurane (group S), or propofol (group P) for maintenance of anesthesia. Following induction of general anesthesia with remifentanil, continuous fiberoptic video recording around the glottis via an i-gel™ supraglottic device was started after establishing mechanical ventilation. Desflurane, sevoflurane, or propofol was administrated after video recording was started. The changes in normalized glottic opening area (n-GOA) and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) during surgery were compared between the three groups. Results Intraoperative changes of n-GOA in group D showed significant differences compared with group S and group P (−0.0656 ± 0.0772 vs. −0.0076 ± 0.0499 and +0.0269 ± 0.0809, P=0.005 and P < 0.0001). The changes of PIP in group D showed significant differences compared with group S and group P (+3.7 ± 3.4 cmH2O vs. +1.0 ± 1.3 cmH2O and −0.3 ± 3.6 cmH2O, P=0.002 and P < 0.0001). Four cases of relapsed glottic stenosis in group D were improved by changing desflurane to propofol. Conclusions Desflurane narrowed the n-GOA and increased the PIP compared to sevoflurane and propofol during general anesthesia with remifentanil. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of glottic stenosis during desflurane-remifentanil anesthesia when the airway is secured by a supraglottic airway device without the use of neuromuscular blockade.
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Schiffman HJ, Olufs ZPG, Lasarev MR, Wassarman DA, Perouansky M. Ageing and genetic background influence anaesthetic effects in a D. melanogaster model of blunt trauma with brain injury †. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:77-86. [PMID: 32466842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND General anaesthetics interact with the pathophysiological mechanisms of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We used a Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) model to test the hypothesis that ageing and genetic background modulate the effect of anaesthetics and hyperoxia on TBI-induced mortality in the context of blunt trauma. METHODS We exposed flies to isoflurane or sevoflurane under normoxic or hyperoxic conditions and TBI, and subsequently quantified the effect on mortality 24 h after injury. To determine the effect of age on anaesthetic-induced mortality, we analysed flies at 1-8 and 43-50 days old. To determine the effect of genetic background, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis on a collection of young inbred, fully sequenced lines. RESULTS Exposure to anaesthetics and hyperoxia differentially affected mortality in young and old flies. Pre-exposure of young but not old flies to anaesthetics reduced mortality. Post-exposure selectively increased mortality. For old but not young flies, hyperoxia enhanced the effect on mortality of post-exposure to isoflurane but not to sevoflurane. Post-exposure to isoflurane in hyperoxia increased the mortality of young fly lines in the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel collection to different extents. GWAS analysis of these data identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in cell water regulation and oxygen sensing as being associated with the post-exposure effect on mortality. CONCLUSIONS Ageing and genetic background influence the effects of volatile general anaesthetics and hyperoxia on mortality in the context of traumatic brain injury. Polymorphisms in specific genes are identified as potential causes of ageing and genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David A Wassarman
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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35
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Andresen N, Wöllhaf M, Hohlbaum K, Lewejohann L, Hellwich O, Thöne-Reineke C, Belik V. Towards a fully automated surveillance of well-being status in laboratory mice using deep learning: Starting with facial expression analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228059. [PMID: 32294094 PMCID: PMC7159220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the well-being of an animal is hindered by the limitations of efficient communication between humans and animals. Instead of direct communication, a variety of parameters are employed to evaluate the well-being of an animal. Especially in the field of biomedical research, scientifically sound tools to assess pain, suffering, and distress for experimental animals are highly demanded due to ethical and legal reasons. For mice, the most commonly used laboratory animals, a valuable tool is the Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS), a coding system for facial expressions of pain in mice. We aim to develop a fully automated system for the surveillance of post-surgical and post-anesthetic effects in mice. Our work introduces a semi-automated pipeline as a first step towards this goal. A new data set of images of black-furred laboratory mice that were moving freely is used and provided. Images were obtained after anesthesia (with isoflurane or ketamine/xylazine combination) and surgery (castration). We deploy two pre-trained state of the art deep convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures (ResNet50 and InceptionV3) and compare to a third CNN architecture without pre-training. Depending on the particular treatment, we achieve an accuracy of up to 99% for the recognition of the absence or presence of post-surgical and/or post-anesthetic effects on the facial expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niek Andresen
- Department of Computer Vision & Remote Sensing, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Wöllhaf
- Department of Computer Vision & Remote Sensing, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Hohlbaum
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior, and Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (KH); (VB)
| | - Lars Lewejohann
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior, and Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaf Hellwich
- Department of Computer Vision & Remote Sensing, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christa Thöne-Reineke
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior, and Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vitaly Belik
- System Modeling Group, Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (KH); (VB)
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Liu D, Yuan J, Fei X, Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Zhang C, Dong L, Zhu Z. Effects of inhalation of sevoflurane at different concentrations on TRPV1 in airways of rats at different developmental stages. Life Sci 2020; 249:117472. [PMID: 32112870 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim Determine changes in the expressions of the ion channel-TRPV1-and neuropeptides-NKA, NKB, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and SP-in 14-, 21-, and 42-day-old rats after inhaling 1.5% and 2.6% sevoflurane. MAIN METHODS A small in-house inhalation anesthesia chamber was designed to allow 14-, 21-, and 42-day-old rats inhale 1.5% and 2.6% sevoflurane, and rats in the control group inhaled carrier gas(1 L/min air +1 L/min O2). In addition, 14- and 21-day-old rats were pretreated with capsazepine, followed by inhalation of 1.5% and 2.6% sevoflurane or the carrier gas. The expression of TRPV1 in lung tissues was detected by Western blotting, whereas the expressions of NKA, NKB, CGRP, and SP in the trachea were detected by immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS After inhalation of 1.5% sevoflurane, the expression of TRPV1 in the lung tissues of 14- and 21-day-old rats was significantly increased compared with that in the control group, which was antagonized by capsazepine pretreatment. Moreover, inhalation of 1.5% sevoflurane markedly increased the expressions of NKA, NKB, CGRP, and SP in the trachea of 21-day-old rats and of NKB, CGRP, and SP in the trachea of 14-day-old rats. The expressions of these molecules were antagonized by capsazepine pretreatment. Conversely, inhalation of 2.6% sevoflurane decreased the expressions of NKA and NKB in the trachea of 42-day-old rats. SIGNIFICANCE Sevoflurane did not upregulate the expression of TRPV1 in the airways of late-developing rats. This anesthetic may have a two-way effect on airways, resulting in considerable effects in pediatric clinical anesthesia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xia Fei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuhang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yannan Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhaoqiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Wen C, Xie T, Pan K, Deng Y, Zhao Z, Li N, Bian J, Deng X, Zha Y. Acetate attenuates perioperative neurocognitive disorders in aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3862-3879. [PMID: 32139660 PMCID: PMC7066918 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders are common in elderly patients who have undergone surgical procedures. Neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation is a hallmark of these neurological disorders. Acetate can suppress inflammation in the context of inflammatory diseases. We employed an exploratory laparotomy model with isoflurane anesthesia to study the effects of acetate on perioperative neurocognitive disorders in aged mice. Neurocognitive function was assessed with open-field tests and Morris water maze tests 3 or 7 days post-surgery. Acetate ameliorated the surgery-induced cognitive deficits of aged mice and inhibited the activation of IBA-1, a marker of microglial activity. Acetate also reduced expression of inflammatory proteins (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6), oxidative stress factors (NADPH oxidase 2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and reactive oxygen species), and signaling molecules (nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase) in the hippocampus. BV2 microglial cells were used to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of acetate in vitro. Acetate suppressed inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-treated BV2 microglial cells, but not when GPR43 was silenced. These results suggest that acetate may bind to GPR43, thereby inhibiting microglial activity, suppressing neuroinflammation, and preventing memory deficits. This makes acetate is a promising therapeutic for surgery-induced neurocognitive disorders and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Wen
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ke Pan
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhijia Zhao
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Na Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinjun Bian
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoming Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanping Zha
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Yang X, Luethy A, Zhang H, Luo Y, Xue Q, Yu B, Lu H. Mechanism and Development of Modern General Anesthetics. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2842-2854. [PMID: 31724504 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191114101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Before October 1846, surgery and pain were synonymous but not thereafter. Conquering pain must be one of the very few strategies that has potentially affected every human being in the world of all milestones in medicine. METHODS This review article describes how various general anesthetics were discovered historically and how they work in the brain to induce sedative, hypnosis and immobility. Their advantages and disadvantages will also be discussed. RESULTS Anesthesia is a relatively young field but is rapidly evolving. Currently used general anesthetics are almost invariably effective, but nagging side effects, both short (e.g., cardiac depression) and long (e.g., neurotoxicity) term, have reawakened the call for new drugs. CONCLUSION Based on the deepening understanding of historical development and molecular targets and actions of modern anesthetics, novel general anesthetics are being investigated as potentially improved sedative-hypnotics or a key to understand the mechanism of anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Anita Luethy
- Department of Anesthesia, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Honghai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qingsheng Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Buwei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Han Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Kelemen B, Lisztes E, Vladár A, Hanyicska M, Almássy J, Oláh A, Szöllősi AG, Pénzes Z, Posta J, Voets T, Bíró T, Tóth BI. Volatile anaesthetics inhibit the thermosensitive nociceptor ion channel transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3). Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 174:113826. [PMID: 31987857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volatile anaesthetics (VAs) are the most widely used compounds to induce reversible loss of consciousness and maintain general anaesthesia during surgical interventions. Although the mechanism of their action is not yet fully understood, it is generally believed, that VAs depress central nervous system functions mainly through modulation of ion channels in the neuronal membrane, including 2-pore-domain K+ channels, GABA and NMDA receptors. Recent research also reported their action on nociceptive and thermosensitive TRP channels expressed in the peripheral nervous system, including TRPV1, TRPA1, and TRPM8. Here, we investigated the effect of VAs on TRPM3, a less characterized member of the thermosensitive TRP channels playing a central role in noxious heat sensation. METHODS We investigated the effect of VAs on the activity of recombinant and native TRPM3, by monitoring changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and measuring TRPM3-mediated transmembrane currents. RESULTS All the investigated VAs (chloroform, halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane) inhibited both the agonist-induced (pregnenolone sulfate, CIM0216) and heat-activated Ca2+ signals and transmembrane currents in a concentration dependent way in HEK293T cells overexpressing recombinant TRPM3. Among the tested VAs, halothane was the most potent blocker (IC50 = 0.52 ± 0.05 mM). We also investigated the effect of VAs on native TRPM3 channels expressed in sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia. While VAs activated certain sensory neurons independently of TRPM3, they strongly and reversibly inhibited the agonist-induced TRPM3 activity. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a better insight into the molecular mechanism beyond the analgesic effect of VAs and propose novel strategies to attenuate TRPM3 dependent nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kelemen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Erika Lisztes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Vladár
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Martin Hanyicska
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Almássy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Oláh
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Gábor Szöllősi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Pénzes
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Posta
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tamás Bíró
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs István Tóth
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Talavera K, Startek JB, Alvarez-Collazo J, Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Sanchez A, Naert R, Nilius B. Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential TRPA1 Channels: From Structure to Disease. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:725-803. [PMID: 31670612 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) channels are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels remarkably conserved through the animal kingdom. Mammals have only one member, TRPA1, which is widely expressed in sensory neurons and in non-neuronal cells (such as epithelial cells and hair cells). TRPA1 owes its name to the presence of 14 ankyrin repeats located in the NH2 terminus of the channel, an unusual structural feature that may be relevant to its interactions with intracellular components. TRPA1 is primarily involved in the detection of an extremely wide variety of exogenous stimuli that may produce cellular damage. This includes a plethora of electrophilic compounds that interact with nucleophilic amino acid residues in the channel and many other chemically unrelated compounds whose only common feature seems to be their ability to partition in the plasma membrane. TRPA1 has been reported to be activated by cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli, and its function is modulated by multiple factors, including Ca2+, trace metals, pH, and reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonyl species. TRPA1 is involved in acute and chronic pain as well as inflammation, plays key roles in the pathophysiology of nearly all organ systems, and is an attractive target for the treatment of related diseases. Here we review the current knowledge about the mammalian TRPA1 channel, linking its unique structure, widely tuned sensory properties, and complex regulation to its roles in multiple pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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Alavi MS, Shamsizadeh A, Karimi G, Roohbakhsh A. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)-mediated toxicity: friend or foe? Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:1-18. [PMID: 31409172 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1652872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been widely studied during the last decade. New studies uncover new features and potential applications for these channels. TRPA1 has a huge distribution all over the human body and has been reported to be involved in different physiological and pathological conditions including cold, pain, and damage sensation. Considering its role, many studies have been devoted to evaluating the role of this channel in the initiation and progression of different toxicities. Accordingly, we reviewed the most recent studies and divided the role of TRPA1 in toxicology into the following sections: neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, dermatotoxicity, and pulmonary toxicity. Acetaminophen, heavy metals, tear gases, various chemotherapeutic agents, acrolein, wood smoke particulate materials, particulate air pollution materials, diesel exhaust particles, cigarette smoke extracts, air born irritants, sulfur mustard, and plasticizers are selected compounds and materials with toxic effects that are, at least in part, mediated by TRPA1. Considering the high safety of TRPA1 antagonists and their efficacy to resolve selected toxic or adverse drug reactions, the future of these drugs looks promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sulak MA, Ghosh M, Sinharoy P, Andrei SR, Damron DS. Modulation of TRPA1 channel activity by Cdk5 in sensory neurons. Channels (Austin) 2019; 12:65-75. [PMID: 29308980 PMCID: PMC5972803 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2018.1424282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1), is activated by a broad range of noxious stimuli. Cdk5, a member of the Cdk family, has recently been identified as a modulator of pain signaling pathways. In the current study, we investigated the extent to which Cdk5 modulates TRPA1 activity. Cdk5 inhibition was found to attenuate TRPA1 response to agonist in mouse DRG sensory neurons. Additionally, the presence of active Cdk5 was associated with increased TRPA1 phosphorylation in transfected HEK293 cells that was roscovitine-sensitive and absent in the mouse mutant S449A full-length channel. Immunopurified Cdk5 was observed to phosphorylate human TRPA1 peptide substrate at S448A in vitro. Our results point to a role for Cdk5 in modulating TRPA1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Sulak
- a Department of Human Genetics , University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Monica Ghosh
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA
| | - Pritam Sinharoy
- c Department of Anesthesia , Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Spencer R Andrei
- d Department of Medicine , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Derek S Damron
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Kent State University , Kent , OH , USA
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Anesthetics Influence Mortality in a Drosophila Model of Blunt Trauma With Traumatic Brain Injury. Anesth Analg 2019; 126:1979-1986. [PMID: 29596093 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to anesthetics is common in the majority of early survivors of life-threatening injuries. Whether and to what degree general anesthetics influence outcomes from major trauma is unknown. Potential confounding effects of general anesthetics on outcome measures are usually disregarded. We hypothesized that exposure to isoflurane or sevoflurane modulates the outcome from blunt trauma with traumatic brain injury (bTBI). METHODS We tested the hypothesis in a novel model of bTBI implemented in Drosophila melanogaster. Fruit flies of the standard laboratory strain w were cultured under standard conditions. We titrated the severity of bTBI to a mortality index at 24 hours (MI24) of approximately 20% under control conditions. We administered standard doses of isoflurane and sevoflurane before, before and during, or after bTBI and measured the resulting MI24. We report the MI24 as mean ± standard deviation. RESULTS Isoflurane or sevoflurane administered for 2 hours before bTBI reduced the MI24 from 22.3 ± 2.6 to 10.4 ± 1.8 (P < 10, n = 12) and from 19.3 ± 0.9 to 8.9 ± 1.1 (P < .0001, n = 8), respectively. In contrast, administration of isoflurane after bTBI increased the MI24 from 18.5% ± 4.3% to 25.3% ± 9.1% (P = .0026, n = 22), while sevoflurane had no effect (22.4 ± 7.1 and 21.5 ± 5.8, n = 22). CONCLUSIONS In a whole animal model of bTBI, general anesthetics were not indifferent with respect to early mortality. Therefore, collateral effects of general anesthetics should be considered in the interpretation of results obtained in vertebrate trauma models. Invertebrate model organisms can serve as a productive platform to interrogate anesthetic targets that mediate collateral effects and to inform trauma research in higher organisms about the potential impact of anesthetics on outcomes.
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Logashina YA, Korolkova YV, Kozlov SA, Andreev YA. TRPA1 Channel as a Regulator of Neurogenic Inflammation and Pain: Structure, Function, Role in Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Potential of Ligands. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:101-118. [PMID: 31216970 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TRPA1 is a cation channel located on the plasma membrane of many types of human and animal cells, including skin sensory neurons and epithelial cells of the intestine, lungs, urinary bladder, etc. TRPA1 is the major chemosensor that also responds to thermal and mechanical stimuli. Substances that activate TRPA1, e.g., allyl isothiocyanates (pungent components of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi), cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon, organosulfur compounds from garlic and onion, tear gas, acrolein and crotonaldehyde from cigarette smoke, etc., cause burning, mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity, cough, eye irritation, sneezing, mucus secretion, and neurogenic inflammation. An increased activity of TRPA1 leads to the emergence of chronic pruritus and allergic dermatitis and is associated with episodic pain syndrome, a hereditary disease characterized by episodes of debilitating pain triggered by stress. TRPA1 is now considered as one of the targets for developing new anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. This review summarizes information on the structure, function, and physiological role of this channel, as well as describes known TRPA1 ligands and their significance as therapeutic agents in the treatment of inflammation-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Logashina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yu V Korolkova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - S A Kozlov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ya A Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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45
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Liu Y, Yang H, Sun C, Wang Z, Liu Z. Protective effects of TRPV1 inhibition against sevoflurane-induced cell death. Neurosci Lett 2019; 707:134270. [PMID: 31102705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is a widely used inhalational anesthetic that can induce developmental neurotoxicity, leading to cognitive dysfunction. In this study, we assessed the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in mediating sevoflurane activation and whether the TRPV1 antagonist could prevent anesthesia-induced cell death. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of TRPV1 was increased after sevoflurane treatment, and pretreatment with TRPV1 antagonist SB366791 could attenuate the effect of sevoflurane on TRPV1 expression. Moreover, the inhibition of TRPV1 could prevent sevoflurane-induced cell death. The findings of this study provide novel insights into the treatment of general anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity and even cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengsan Sun
- Department of Psychology, PO Box 400400, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4400, United States
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Strickland M, Yacoubi-Loueslati B, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Pender SLF, Larbi A. Relationships Between Ion Channels, Mitochondrial Functions and Inflammation in Human Aging. Front Physiol 2019; 10:158. [PMID: 30881309 PMCID: PMC6405477 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is often associated with a loss of function. We believe aging to be more an adaptation to the various, and often continuous, stressors encountered during life in order to maintain overall functionality of the systems. The maladaptation of a system during aging may increase the susceptibility to diseases. There are basic cellular functions that may influence and/or are influenced by aging. Mitochondrial function is amongst these. Their presence in almost all cell types makes of these valuable targets for interventions to slow down or even reserve signs of aging. In this review, the role of mitochondria and essential physiological regulators of mitochondria and cellular functions, ion channels, will be discussed in the context of human aging. The origins of inflamm-aging, associated with poor clinical outcomes, will be linked to mitochondria and ion channel biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Strickland
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Besma Yacoubi-Loueslati
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Medical School of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sylvia L. F. Pender
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Chinese University of Hong Kong – University of Southampton Joint Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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47
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Startek JB, Boonen B, Talavera K, Meseguer V. TRP Channels as Sensors of Chemically-Induced Changes in Cell Membrane Mechanical Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E371. [PMID: 30654572 PMCID: PMC6359677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential ion channels (TRPs) have been described as polymodal sensors, being responsible for transducing a wide variety of stimuli, and being involved in sensory functions such as chemosensation, thermosensation, mechanosensation, and photosensation. Mechanical and chemical stresses exerted on the membrane can be transduced by specialized proteins into meaningful intracellular biochemical signaling, resulting in physiological changes. Of particular interest are compounds that can change the local physical properties of the membrane, thereby affecting nearby proteins, such as TRP channels, which are highly sensitive to the membrane environment. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of TRP channel activation as a result of changes in the membrane properties induced by amphipathic structural lipidic components such as cholesterol and diacylglycerol, and by exogenous amphipathic bacterial endotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1 bus 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Victor Meseguer
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández y CSIC, E-03550 Alicante , Spain.
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48
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Ogurlu M, Sari S, Küçük M, Bakiş M, Uğur B, Eshraghi YE, Galimberti F, Turan A. Comparison of the Effect of Propofol and Sevoflurane Anaesthesia on Acute and Chronic Postoperative Pain after Hysterectomy. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 42:365-70. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1404200314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ogurlu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - S. Sari
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - M. Küçük
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - M. Bakiş
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - B. Uğur
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Y. E. Eshraghi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - F. Galimberti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - A. Turan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
- Department of Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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49
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel is expressed in pain-sensing neurons and other tissues and has become a major target in the development of novel pharmaceuticals. A remarkable feature of the channel is its long list of activators, many of which we are exposed to in daily life. Many of these agonists induce pain and inflammation, making TRPA1 a major target for anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapies. Studies in human patients and in experimental animals have confirmed an important role for TRPA1 in a number of pain conditions. Over the recent years, much progress has been made in elucidating the molecular structure of TRPA1 and in discovering binding sites and modulatory sites of the channel. Because the list of published mutations and important molecular sites is steadily growing and because it has become difficult to see the forest for the trees, this review aims at summarizing the current knowledge about TRPA1, with a special focus on the molecular structure and the known binding or gating sites of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis E Meents
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Cosmin I Ciotu
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael J M Fischer
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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50
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Niedermirtl F, Eberhardt M, Namer B, Leffler A, Nau C, Reeh PW, Kistner K. Etomidate and propylene glycol activate nociceptive TRP ion channels. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918811699. [PMID: 30345869 PMCID: PMC6856977 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918811699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etomidate is a preferred drug for the induction of general anesthesia in cardiovascular risk patients. As with propofol and other perioperatively used anesthetics, the application of aqueous etomidate formulations causes an intensive burning pain upon injection. Such algogenic properties of etomidate have been attributed to the solubilizer propylene glycol which represents 35% of the solution administered clinically. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms which lead to injection pain of aqueous etomidate formulations. RESULTS Activation of the nociceptive transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 was studied in a transfected HEK293t cell line by whole-cell voltage clamp recordings of induced inward ion currents. Calcium influx in sensory neurons of wild-type and trp knockout mice was ratiometrically measured by Fura2-AM staining. Stimulated calcitonin gene-related peptide release from mouse sciatic nerves was detected by enzyme immunoassay. Painfulness of different etomidate formulations was tested in a translational human pain model. Etomidate as well as propylene glycol proved to be effective agonists of TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels at clinically relevant concentrations. Etomidate consistently activated TRPA1, but there was also evidence for a contribution of TRPV1 in dependence of drug concentration ranges and species specificities. Distinct N-terminal cysteine and lysine residues seemed to mediate gating of TRPA1, although the electrophile scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine did not prevent its activation by etomidate. Propylene glycol-induced activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 appeared independent of the concomitant high osmolarity. Intradermal injections of etomidate as well as propylene glycol evoked severe burning pain in the human pain model that was absent with emulsification of etomidate. CONCLUSIONS Data in our study provided evidence that pain upon injection of clinical aqueous etomidate formulations is not an unspecific effect of hyperosmolarity but rather due to a specific action mediated by activated nociceptive TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channels in sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Niedermirtl
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Eberhardt
- 2 Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara Namer
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Leffler
- 2 Department for Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carla Nau
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter W Reeh
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Kistner
- 1 Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
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