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Mielke JK, Klingeborn M, Schultz EP, Markham EL, Reese ED, Alam P, Mackenzie IR, Ly CV, Caughey B, Cashman NR, Leavens MJ. Seeding activity of human superoxide dismutase 1 aggregates in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis postmortem neural tissues by real-time quaking-induced conversion. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:100. [PMID: 38884646 PMCID: PMC11182821 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease with average lifespan of 2-5 years after diagnosis. The identification of novel prognostic and pharmacodynamic biomarkers are needed to facilitate therapeutic development. Metalloprotein human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is known to accumulate and form aggregates in patient neural tissue with familial ALS linked to mutations in their SOD1 gene. Aggregates of SOD1 have also been detected in other forms of ALS, including the sporadic form and the most common familial form linked to abnormal hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) gene. Here, we report the development of a real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) seed amplification assay using a recombinant human SOD1 substrate to measure SOD1 seeding activity in postmortem spinal cord and motor cortex tissue from persons with different ALS etiologies. Our SOD1 RT-QuIC assay detected SOD1 seeds in motor cortex and spinal cord dilutions down to 10-5. Importantly, we detected SOD1 seeding activity in specimens from both sporadic and familial ALS cases, with the latter having mutations in either their SOD1 or C9ORF72 genes. Analyses of RT-QuIC parameters indicated similar lag phases in spinal cords of sporadic and familial ALS patients, but higher ThT fluorescence maxima by SOD1 familial ALS specimens and sporadic ALS thoracic cord specimens. For a subset of sporadic ALS patients, motor cortex and spinal cords were examined, with seeding activity in both anatomical regions. Our results suggest SOD1 seeds are in ALS patient neural tissues not linked to SOD1 mutation, suggesting that SOD1 seeding activity may be a promising biomarker, particularly in sporadic ALS cases for whom genetic testing is uninformative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin K Mielke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, McLaughlin Research Institute, 1520 23rd St. South, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA
| | - Mikael Klingeborn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, McLaughlin Research Institute, 1520 23rd St. South, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA
| | - Eric P Schultz
- Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive ISB #106, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Erin L Markham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, McLaughlin Research Institute, 1520 23rd St. South, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA
| | - Emily D Reese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, McLaughlin Research Institute, 1520 23rd St. South, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA
| | - Parvez Alam
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. 4th St., Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Ian R Mackenzie
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Cindy V Ly
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Byron Caughey
- Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 903 S. 4th St., Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Neil R Cashman
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Moses J Leavens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, McLaughlin Research Institute, 1520 23rd St. South, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA.
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Bhandari R, Rai R, Kaleem M, Pratap R, Shraogi N, Patnaik S, Bhattacharya S, Misra A. Boron-Salphen Conjugate based Molecular Probe Exhibiting Fluorescence On-Off-On Response in Detection of Cu 2+ and ATP through Displacement Approach. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400398. [PMID: 38775649 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Synthesis and photophysical properties of a fluorescent probe HBD is described. Probe upon interaction with metal ions, anions and nucleoside pyrophosphates (NPPs) showed fluorescence quenching with Cu2+ due to chelation enhanced quenching effect (CHEQ). Moreover, interaction of ensemble HBD.Cu2+ with anions and NPPs showed fluorescence "turn-On" response with ATP selectively. "On-Off-On" responses observed with Cu2+ and ATP is attributed to an interplay between ESIPT and TICT processes. Cyclic voltammogram of probe exhibited quasi-reversible redox behaviour with three oxidation and two reduction potentials and the change in band gaps of probe suggested the interaction with Cu2+ and ATP. The 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry for an interaction between probe and Cu2+ (LOD, 62 nM) and ensemble, HBD.Cu2+ with ATP (LOD, 0.4 μM) respectively are realised by Job's plot and HRMS data. Cell imaging studies carried out to detect Cu2+ and ATP in HeLa cells. Also, the output emission observed with Cu2+ and ATP is utilized to construct an implication (IMP) logic gate. Test paper strips showed naked-eye visible color responses to detect Cu2+ and ATP. In real water samples probe successfully detected copper (0.03 μM) between 5-6.5 ppb level (ICP-MS method).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimpi Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Ravisen Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Mohammed Kaleem
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Rajesh Pratap
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Nikita Shraogi
- Nano Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Satyakam Patnaik
- Nano Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Subrato Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Arvind Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
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Qiu F, Liu Y, Liu Z. The Role of Protein S-Nitrosylation in Mitochondrial Quality Control in Central Nervous System Diseases. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0099. [PMID: 38739938 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
S-Nitrosylation is a reversible covalent post-translational modification. Under physiological conditions, S-nitrosylation plays a dynamic role in a wide range of biological processes by regulating the function of substrate proteins. Like other post-translational modifications, S-nitrosylation can affect protein conformation, activity, localization, aggregation, and protein interactions. Aberrant S-nitrosylation can lead to protein misfolding, mitochondrial fragmentation, synaptic damage, and autophagy. Mitochondria are essential organelles in energy production, metabolite biosynthesis, cell death, and immune responses, among other processes. Mitochondrial dysfunction can result in cell death and has been implicated in the development of many human diseases. Recent evidence suggests that S-nitrosylation and mitochondrial dysfunction are important modulators of the progression of several diseases. In this review, we highlight recent findings regarding the aberrant S- nitrosylation of mitochondrial proteins that regulate mitochondrial biosynthesis, fission and fusion, and autophagy. Specifically, we discuss the mechanisms by which S-nitrosylated mitochondrial proteins exercise mitochondrial quality control under pathological conditions, thereby influencing disease. A better understanding of these pathological events may provide novel therapeutic targets to mitigate the development of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qiu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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4
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Jeong E, Ha CH, Kumar A, Hur W, Seong GH, Chae PS. Chromo-Fluorogenic Rhodamine-Based Amphiphilic Probe as a Selective and Sensitive Sensor for Intracellular Cu(I) in Living Cells. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1419-1427. [PMID: 38449354 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are widely studied for metal ion detection because of their multiple favorable properties such as high sensitivity and selectivity, quick response, naked eye detection, and in situ monitoring. However, optical probes that can effectively detect the Cu(I) level in cell interiors are rare due to the difficulty associated with selectively and sensitively detecting this metal ion in a cell environment. Therefore, we designed and synthesized three water-soluble probes (1-3) with a 1,3,5-triazine core decorated by three substituents: a hydrophobic alkyl chain, a hydrophilic maltose, and a rhodamine B hydrazine fluorophore. Among the probes, probe 1, which has an octyl chain and a branched maltose group, was the most effective at sensing Cu+ in aqueous solution. Upon addition of Cu+, this probe showed a dramatic color change from colorless to pink in daylight and displayed an intense yellow fluorescence emission under 365 nm light. The limit of detection and dissociation constant (Kd) of this probe were 20 nM and 1.1 × 10-12 M, respectively, which are the lowest values reported to date. The two metal ion-binding sites and the aggregation-induced emission enhancement effect, endowed by the branched maltose group and the octyl chain, respectively, are responsible for the high sensitivity and selectivity of this probe for Cu+ detection, as demonstrated by 1H NMR, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy studies. Furthermore, the probe successfully differentiated the Cu(I) level of cancer cells from that of the normal cells. Thus, the probe holds potential for real-time monitoring of Cu(I) level in biological samples and bioimaging of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Jeong
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 155-88, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyeon Ha
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 155-88, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 155-88, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hur
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 155-88, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Hun Seong
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 155-88, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Seok Chae
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 155-88, Republic of Korea
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Mohammadi S, Seyedalipour B, Hashemi SZ, Hosseinkhani S, Mohseni M. Implications of ALS-Associated Mutations on Biochemical and Biophysical Features of hSOD1 and Aggregation Formation. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10619-y. [PMID: 38196030 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
One of the recognized motor neuron degenerative disorders is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). By now, several mutations have been reported and linked to ALS patients, some of which are induced by mutations in the human superoxide dismutase (hSOD1) gene. The ALS-provoking mutations are located throughout the structure of hSOD1 and promote the propensity to aggregate. Despite numerous investigations, the underlying mechanism related to the toxicity of mutant hSOD1 through the gain of a toxic function is still vague. We surveyed two mutant forms of hSOD1 by removing and adding cysteine at positions 146 and 72, respectively, to investigate the biochemical characterization and amyloid formation. Our findings predicted the harmful and destabilizing impact of two SOD1 mutants using multiple programs. The specific activity of the wild-type form was about 1.42- and 1.92-fold higher than that of C146R and G72C mutants, respectively. Comparative structural studies using CD spectropolarimetry, and intrinsic and ANS fluorescence showed alterations in secondary structure content, exposure of hydrophobic patches, and structural compactness of WT-hSOD1 vs. mutants. We demonstrated that two mutants were able to promote amyloid-like aggregates under amyloid induction circumstances (50-mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 0.2-M KSCN, 50-mM DTT, 37 °C, 190 rpm). Monitoring aggregates were done using an enhancement in thioflavin T fluorescence and alterations in Congo red absorption. The mutants accelerated fibrillation with subsequently greater fluorescence amplitude and a shorter lag time compared to WT-SOD1. These findings support the aggregation of ALS-associated SOD1 mutants as an integral part of ALS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeede Mohammadi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Bagher Seyedalipour
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Zohreh Hashemi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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6
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De Marchi F, Venkatesan S, Saraceno M, Mazzini L, Grossini E. Acetyl-L-carnitine and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Current Evidence and Potential use. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:588-601. [PMID: 36998125 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230330083757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of neurodegenerative diseases can be frustrating for clinicians, given the limited progress of conventional medicine in this context. AIM For this reason, a more comprehensive, integrative approach is urgently needed. Among various emerging focuses for intervention, the modulation of central nervous system energetics, oxidative stress, and inflammation is becoming more and more promising. METHODS In particular, electrons leakage involved in the mitochondrial energetics can generate reactive oxygen-free radical-related mitochondrial dysfunction that would contribute to the etiopathology of many disorders, such as Alzheimer's and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). RESULTS In this context, using agents, like acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR), provides mitochondrial support, reduces oxidative stress, and improves synaptic transmission. CONCLUSION This narrative review aims to update the existing literature on ALCAR molecular profile, tolerability, and translational clinical potential use in neurodegeneration, focusing on ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sakthipriyan Venkatesan
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Saraceno
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale 28100, Novara, Italy
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7
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Hossain MA, Sarin R, Donnelly DP, Miller BC, Weiss A, McAlary L, Antonyuk SV, Salisbury JP, Amin J, Conway JB, Watson SS, Winters JN, Xu Y, Alam N, Brahme RR, Shahbazian H, Sivasankar D, Padmakumar S, Sattarova A, Ponmudiyan AC, Gawde T, Verrill DE, Yang W, Kannapadi S, Plant LD, Auclair JR, Makowski L, Petsko GA, Ringe D, Agar NYR, Greenblatt DJ, Ondrechen MJ, Chen Y, Yerbury JJ, Manetsch R, Hasnain SS, Brown RH, Agar JN. Evaluating protein cross-linking as a therapeutic strategy to stabilize SOD1 variants in a mouse model of familial ALS. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002462. [PMID: 38289969 PMCID: PMC10826971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) cause a subset of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) cases. A shared effect of these mutations is that SOD1, which is normally a stable dimer, dissociates into toxic monomers that seed toxic aggregates. Considerable research effort has been devoted to developing compounds that stabilize the dimer of fALS SOD1 variants, but unfortunately, this has not yet resulted in a treatment. We hypothesized that cyclic thiosulfinate cross-linkers, which selectively target a rare, 2 cysteine-containing motif, can stabilize fALS-causing SOD1 variants in vivo. We created a library of chemically diverse cyclic thiosulfinates and determined structure-cross-linking-activity relationships. A pre-lead compound, "S-XL6," was selected based upon its cross-linking rate and drug-like properties. Co-crystallographic structure clearly establishes the binding of S-XL6 at Cys 111 bridging the monomers and stabilizing the SOD1 dimer. Biophysical studies reveal that the degree of stabilization afforded by S-XL6 (up to 24°C) is unprecedented for fALS, and to our knowledge, for any protein target of any kinetic stabilizer. Gene silencing and protein degrading therapeutic approaches require careful dose titration to balance the benefit of diminished fALS SOD1 expression with the toxic loss-of-enzymatic function. We show that S-XL6 does not share this liability because it rescues the activity of fALS SOD1 variants. No pharmacological agent has been proven to bind to SOD1 in vivo. Here, using a fALS mouse model, we demonstrate oral bioavailability; rapid engagement of SOD1G93A by S-XL6 that increases SOD1G93A's in vivo half-life; and that S-XL6 crosses the blood-brain barrier. S-XL6 demonstrated a degree of selectivity by avoiding off-target binding to plasma proteins. Taken together, our results indicate that cyclic thiosulfinate-mediated SOD1 stabilization should receive further attention as a potential therapeutic approach for fALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Amin Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richa Sarin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Biogen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel P. Donnelly
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brandon C. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luke McAlary
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Svetlana V. Antonyuk
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph P. Salisbury
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jakal Amin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeremy B. Conway
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Samantha S. Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jenifer N. Winters
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Novera Alam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rutali R. Brahme
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Haneyeh Shahbazian
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Durgalakshmi Sivasankar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Swathi Padmakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aziza Sattarova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aparna C. Ponmudiyan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tanvi Gawde
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David E. Verrill
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sunanda Kannapadi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leigh D. Plant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jared R. Auclair
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lee Makowski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Petsko
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Rosenstiel Center for Basic Medical Research, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dagmar Ringe
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Rosenstiel Center for Basic Medical Research, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David J. Greenblatt
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mary Jo Ondrechen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yunqiu Chen
- Biogen Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Justin J. Yerbury
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Roman Manetsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - S. Samar Hasnain
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Biochemistry & Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey N. Agar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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8
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Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Carsana EV, Henriques A, Callizot N, Mauri L, Ciampa MG, Mari L, Loberto N, Aureli M, Sonnino S, Spedding M, Chiricozzi E, Fazzari M. GM1 ganglioside exerts protective effects against glutamate-excitotoxicity via its oligosaccharide in wild-type and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor neurons. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:2324-2341. [PMID: 37885330 PMCID: PMC10699117 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glycosphingolipid metabolism have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Accordingly, administration of GM1, a sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipid, is protective against neuronal damage and supports neuronal homeostasis, with these effects mediated by its bioactive component, the oligosaccharide head (GM1-OS). Here, we add new evidence to the therapeutic efficacy of GM1 in ALS: Its administration to WT and SOD1G93A motor neurons affected by glutamate-induced excitotoxicity significantly increased neuronal survival and preserved neurite networks, counteracting intracellular protein accumulation and mitochondria impairment. Importantly, the GM1-OS faithfully replicates GM1 activity, emphasizing that even in ALS the protective function of GM1 strictly depends on its pentasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Emma Veronica Carsana
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | | | | | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Luigi Mari
- Department of ImmunologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | | | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
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9
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Elmansy MF, Reidl CT, Rahaman M, Özdinler PH, Silverman RB. Small molecules targeting different cellular pathologies for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2260-2302. [PMID: 37243319 PMCID: PMC10592673 DOI: 10.1002/med.21974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease in which the motor neuron circuitry displays progressive degeneration, affecting mostly the motor neurons in the brain and in the spinal cord. There are no effective cures, albeit three drugs, riluzole, edaravone, and AMX0035 (a combination of sodium phenylbutyrate and taurursodiol), have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration, with limited improvement in patients. There is an urgent need to build better and more effective treatment strategies for ALS. Since the disease is very heterogenous, numerous approaches have been explored, such as targeting genetic mutations, decreasing oxidative stress and excitotoxicity, enhancing mitochondrial function and protein degradation mechanisms, and inhibiting neuroinflammation. In addition, various chemical libraries or previously identified drugs have been screened for potential repurposing in the treatment of ALS. Here, we review previous drug discovery efforts targeting a variety of cellular pathologies that occur from genetic mutations that cause ALS, such as mutations in SOD1, C9orf72, FUS, and TARDP-43 genes. These mutations result in protein aggregation, which causes neuronal degeneration. Compounds used to target cellular pathologies that stem from these mutations are discussed and comparisons among different preclinical models are presented. Because the drug discovery landscape for ALS and other motor neuron diseases is changing rapidly, we also offer recommendations for a novel, more effective, direction in ALS drug discovery that could accelerate translation of effective compounds from animals to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Elmansy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Cory T. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Mizzanoor Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - P. Hande Özdinler
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard B. Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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10
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Ai H, Xiong W, Zhu P, Chen Y, Ji Y, Jiang X, Xin T, Xia B, Zou Z. Regulation of three subtypes of SOD gene in Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Acari:Acaridae) under lead stress. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 114:e22043. [PMID: 37545053 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important enzyme that acts as the first line of protection in the mite antioxidant defense system, involved in eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS) under harsh environmental conditions. Nevertheless, the SOD gene family was yet to be reported in stored grain pest mite (Aleuroglyphus ovatus). In this study, A. ovatus was used to evaluate the response of SOD gene during lead stress. A. ovatus were separately exposed to different concentration lead (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), which induce the dynamic trend of SOD enzyme activity initially increased and then reduced with an increase in lead concentration, whereas they were still substantially higher than the control group. Moreover, after lead stress, it was found that all of the three SOD genes showed enhanced relative messenger RNA expression at high concentrations and decreased relative expression at low concentrations, which indicated that lead stress induces the expression of AoSODs. The present work implies that AoSODs play an important role in resisting oxidative damage caused by lead stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ai
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenhui Xiong
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peipei Zhu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yajuan Chen
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yueming Ji
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiantong Jiang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianrong Xin
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Xia
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiwen Zou
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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11
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Han J. Copper trafficking systems in cells: insights into coordination chemistry and toxicity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15277-15296. [PMID: 37702384 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal ions, such as copper, are indispensable components in the biological system. Copper ions which primarily exist in two major oxidation states Cu(I) and Cu(II) play crucial roles in various cellular processes including antioxidant defense, biosynthesis of neurotransmitters, and energy metabolism, owing to their inherent redox activity. The disturbance in copper homeostasis can contribute to the development of copper metabolism disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the significance of understanding the copper trafficking system in cellular environments. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of copper homeostatic machinery, with an emphasis on the coordination chemistry of copper transporters and trafficking proteins. While copper chaperones and the corresponding metalloenzymes are thoroughly discussed, we also explore the potential existence of low-molecular-mass metal complexes within cellular systems. Furthermore, we summarize the toxicity mechanisms originating from copper deficiency or accumulation, which include the dysregulation of oxidative stress, signaling pathways, signal transduction, and amyloidosis. This perspective review delves into the current knowledge regarding the intricate aspects of the copper trafficking system, providing valuable insights into potential treatment strategies from the standpoint of bioinorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Kalia M, Miotto M, Ness D, Opie-Martin S, Spargo TP, Di Rienzo L, Biagini T, Petrizzelli F, Al Khleifat A, Kabiljo R, Mazza T, Ruocco G, Milanetti E, Dobson RJB, Al-Chalabi A, Iacoangeli A. Molecular dynamics analysis of superoxide dismutase 1 mutations suggests decoupling between mechanisms underlying ALS onset and progression. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:5296-5308. [PMID: 37954145 PMCID: PMC10637862 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene are the second most common known cause of ALS. SOD1 variants express high phenotypic variability and over 200 have been reported in people with ALS. It was previously proposed that variants can be broadly classified in two groups, 'wild-type like' (WTL) and 'metal binding region' (MBR) variants, based on their structural location and biophysical properties. MBR variants, but not WTL variants, were associated with a reduction of SOD1 enzymatic activity. In this study we used molecular dynamics and large clinical datasets to characterise the differences in the structural and dynamic behaviour of WTL and MBR variants with respect to the wild-type SOD1, and how such differences influence the ALS clinical phenotype. Our study identified marked structural differences, some of which are observed in both variant groups, while others are group specific. Moreover, collecting clinical data of approximately 500 SOD1 ALS patients carrying variants, we showed that the survival time of patients carrying an MBR variant is generally longer (∼6 years median difference, p < 0.001) with respect to patients with a WTL variant. In conclusion, our study highlighted key differences in the dynamic behaviour between WTL and MBR SOD1 variants, and between variants and wild-type SOD1 at an atomic and molecular level, that could be further investigated to explain the associated phenotypic variability. Our results support the hypothesis of a decoupling between mechanisms of onset and progression of SOD1 ALS, and an involvement of loss-of-function of SOD1 with the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munishikha Kalia
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Mattia Miotto
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Deborah Ness
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Sarah Opie-Martin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Thomas P. Spargo
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Di Rienzo
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Biagini
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrizzelli
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Renata Kabiljo
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tommaso Mazza
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, S. Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard JB Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
- Clinical Neurosciences, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Hoffman TR, Emsley SA, Douglas JC, Reed KR, Esquivel AR, Koyack MJ, Paddock BE, Videau P. Assessing Curcumin Uptake and Clearance and Their Influence on Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Drosophila melanogaster. BIOTECH 2023; 12:58. [PMID: 37754202 PMCID: PMC10526445 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
While normal levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are required for proper organismal function, increased levels result in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be managed via the scavenging activities of antioxidants (e.g., curcumin) and the action of enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this work, the uptake and clearance of dietary curcuminoids (consisting of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) was assessed in Drosophila melanogaster larvae following chronic or acute exposure. High levels of curcuminoid uptake and loss were observed within a few hours and leveled off within eight hours post treatment onset. The addition or removal of curcuminoids from media resulted in corresponding changes in SOD activity, and the involvement of each of the three SOD genes was assessed for their contribution to total SOD activity. Taken together, these data provide insight into the uptake and clearance dynamics of curcuminoids and indicate that, while SOD activity generally increases following curcuminoid treatment, the individual SOD genes appear to contribute differently to this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy R. Hoffman
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Sarah A. Emsley
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Jenna C. Douglas
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Kaela R. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Abigail R. Esquivel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Marc J. Koyack
- School of Arts and Sciences, Gwynedd Mercy University, Gwynedd Valley, PA 19437, USA
| | - Brie E. Paddock
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Patrick Videau
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
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14
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Singh N, Sherin GR, Mugesh G. Antioxidant and Prooxidant Nanozymes: From Cellular Redox Regulation to Next-Generation Therapeutics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301232. [PMID: 37083312 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-mimicking activity, have attracted tremendous interest in recent years owing to their ability to replace natural enzymes in various biomedical applications, such as biosensing, therapeutics, drug delivery, and bioimaging. In particular, the nanozymes capable of regulating the cellular redox status by mimicking the antioxidant enzymes in mammalian cells are of great therapeutic significance in oxidative-stress-mediated disorders. As the distinction of physiological oxidative stress (oxidative eustress) and pathological oxidative stress (oxidative distress) occurs at a fine borderline, it is a great challenge to design nanozymes that can differentially sense the two extremes in cells, tissues and organs and mediate appropriate redox chemical reactions. In this Review, we summarize the advances in the development of redox-active nanozymes and their biomedical applications. We primarily highlight the therapeutic significance of the antioxidant and prooxidant nanozymes in various disease model systems, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. The future perspectives of this emerging area of research and the challenges associated with the biomedical applications of nanozymes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Current address: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - G R Sherin
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Govindasamy Mugesh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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15
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Bagyinszky E, Hulme J, An SSA. Studies of Genetic and Proteomic Risk Factors of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Inspire Biomarker Development and Gene Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:1948. [PMID: 37566027 PMCID: PMC10417729 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease affecting the upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, motor impairments, disabilities and death. Approximately 5-10% of ALS cases are associated with positive family history (familial ALS or fALS), whilst the remainder are sporadic (sporadic ALS, sALS). At least 50 genes have been identified as causative or risk factors for ALS. Established pathogenic variants include superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1), chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (c9orf72), TAR DNA Binding Protein (TARDBP), and Fused In Sarcoma (FUS); additional ALS-related genes including Charged Multivesicular Body Protein 2B (CHMP2B), Senataxin (SETX), Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), TANK Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) and NIMA Related Kinase 1 (NEK1), have been identified. Mutations in these genes could impair different mechanisms, including vesicle transport, autophagy, and cytoskeletal or mitochondrial functions. So far, there is no effective therapy against ALS. Thus, early diagnosis and disease risk predictions remain one of the best options against ALS symptomologies. Proteomic biomarkers, microRNAs, and extracellular vehicles (EVs) serve as promising tools for disease diagnosis or progression assessment. These markers are relatively easy to obtain from blood or cerebrospinal fluids and can be used to identify potential genetic causative and risk factors even in the preclinical stage before symptoms appear. In addition, antisense oligonucleotides and RNA gene therapies have successfully been employed against other diseases, such as childhood-onset spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which could also give hope to ALS patients. Therefore, an effective gene and biomarker panel should be generated for potentially "at risk" individuals to provide timely interventions and better treatment outcomes for ALS patients as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bagyinszky
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - John Hulme
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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16
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Martinelli I, Zucchi E, Simonini C, Gianferrari G, Zamboni G, Pinti M, Mandrioli J. The landscape of cognitive impairment in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1427-1433. [PMID: 36571338 PMCID: PMC10075107 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.361535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 gene account for only a minority of total amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases, the discovery of this gene has been crucial for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis research. Since the identification of superoxide dismutase 1 in 1993, the field of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genetics has considerably widened, improving our understanding of the diverse pathogenic basis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this review, we focus on cognitive impairment in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Literature has mostly reported that cognition remains intact in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, but recent reports highlight frontal lobe function frailty in patients carrying different superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mutations. We thoroughly reviewed all the various mutations reported in the literature to contribute to a comprehensive database of superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genotype-phenotype correlation. Such a resource could ultimately improve our mechanistic understanding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, enabling a more robust assessment of how the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype responds to different variants across genes, which is important for the therapeutic strategy targeting genetic mutations. Cognition in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis deserves further longitudinal research since this peculiar frailty in patients with similar mutations can be conditioned by external factors, including environment and other unidentified agents including modifier genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Martinelli
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Simonini
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Gianferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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17
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Sheraz A, Zhu H, Dong Q, Wang T, Zong S, Wang H, Ge L, Wu T. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes family mediates the response of Nilaparvata lugens to jinggangmycin and sugar. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1197395. [PMID: 37260593 PMCID: PMC10228653 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1197395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is a major rice pest causing significant damage to rice throughout the world. Intensive pesticide usage often causes resistance in these seasonal pests, mainly through the modulation of antioxidant machinery. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene family is known for regulating BPH response to pesticides. Methods: In the present study, we identified eight NlSOD genes from the NCBI using the BLASTP program. The bioinformatics analysis includes a phylogenetic tree, conserved domain, motifs, gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways, and protein-protein interaction, highlighting the distinctive functional elements of NlSOD genes. Results and discussion: Additionally, the NlSOD genes showed expression in all developmental stages of BPH. Under three sugars (glucose, sucrose, and trehalose) treatment, the respective upregulation of NlSOD8, NlSOD6, and NlSOD2 was noted. The NlSOD1 induced significantly under jinggamycin (JGM) deduced its potential as a key regulator of BPH response to the pesticide. Our study has provided detailed knowledge of the NlSOD gene family in-silico analysis and the defensive response to insecticide and high sugar of BPH. We hope the results of this research will help to shed light on the resistance of BPH towards insecticide toxicity and high sugar and help to control it more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Sheraz
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Suman Zong
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huaiqi Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Linquan Ge
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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18
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Camponeschi F, Banci L. Metal trafficking in the cell: Combining atomic resolution with cellular dimension. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:122-133. [PMID: 36285633 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metals are widely present in biological systems as simple ions or complex cofactors, and are involved in a variety of processes essential for life. Their transport inside cells and insertion into the binding sites of the proteins that need metals to function occur through complex and selective pathways involving dedicated multiprotein machineries specifically and transiently interacting with each other, often sharing the coordination of metal ions and/or cofactors. The understanding of these machineries requires integrated approaches, ranging from bioinformatics to experimental investigations, possibly in the cellular context. In this review, we report two case studies where the use of integrated in vitro and in cellulo approaches is necessary to clarify at atomic resolution essential aspects of metal trafficking in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Camponeschi
- Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy
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19
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Koo BK, Whitelegge J. Structural Analysis of SOD1 Fibrils with Mass Spectrometry, Limited Proteolysis, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2551:481-495. [PMID: 36310221 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2597-2_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This protocol describes a method to purify SOD1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to characterize using ICP-MS and AFM, to agitate and fibrillate for aggregation of SOD1. The human SOD1 (hSOD1) is a 32-kDa homodimer, with one copper- and one zinc-binding site per 153-amino acid subunit. Misfolded protein aggregates are often correlated with diseases known as amyloidosis, including ALS, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion disease (Valentine and Hart, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100: 3617-3622, 2003; Tanzi and Bertram, Cell 120: 545-555, 2005; Soto and Pritzkow, Nat Neurosci 21:1332-1340, 2018; Sarafian et al., J Neurosci Res 95:1871-1887, 2017). Proteinaceous aggregates containing hSOD1 have frequently been found in the spinal cords of ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bon-Kyung Koo
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Julian Whitelegge
- The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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20
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Shahzadi T, Iqbal S, Riaz T, Zaib M. A comparative study based on localized surface plasmon resonance optical characteristics of green synthesized nanoparticles towards spectrophotometric determination of cupric ions. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2123206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tayyaba Shahzadi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Tauheeda Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Maria Zaib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jhang, Jhang, Pakistan
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21
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Mahmoud MS, El-Kott AF, AlGwaiz HIM, Fathy SM. Protective effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract against oxidative stress, inflammation, depression, and apoptosis in a mouse model of hepatic encephalopathy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83783-83796. [PMID: 35771324 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and anti-depression impacts of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf ethanolic extract (MOLE) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of CCl4-induced hepatic encephalopathy mouse model. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect marker compounds: rutin and β-sitosterol. Animals were divided into four groups: vehicle group, CCl4-treated group, MOLE-treated group, and (CCl4 + MOLE) group treated with MOLE for 14 days before CCl4-induced neurotoxicity. MOLE decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, corticosterone, and ammonia levels in serum and improved the antioxidant status of CCl4-treated mice in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. It reduced the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR2, myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) genes and the protein levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. MOLE also attenuated apoptosis, as revealed by the reduced expression of caspase3, and prevented histological deterioration. Furthermore, MOLE attenuated CCl4-induced anxiety and depression-like behavioral changes. Collectively, MOLE modulates neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, TLR4/2-MyD88/NF-κB signaling, and apoptosis in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the hepatic encephalopathy experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11474, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah M Fathy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
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22
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A Colormetric and Fluorescence Probe for Highly Specific Cu 2+ and its Application in Live Cell Imaging. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:2015-2021. [PMID: 35829842 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are intriguing material for ion detection. In this study, 4,4-difluoro-4-bora3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) containing a dipicolylethylenediamine unit was developed as a colorimetric and fluorescence "turn-off" probe for Cu2+. The probe exhibited higher selectivity for Cu2+ than other common metal ions with a detection limit of 8.49 μM. With increasing Cu2+ concentration, the probe showed a red-shift in the absorption spectrum as well as fluorescence quenching, possibly due to the intramolecular charge transfer effect of the probe-Cu(II) complex. Furthermore, the probe was used for imaging Cu2+ in living cells based on confocal fluorescence imaging. The results show that the probe is an effective tool for detection copper ions.
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23
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Kirola L, Mukherjee A, Mutsuddi M. Recent Updates on the Genetics of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5673-5694. [PMID: 35768750 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) primarily affect the motor and frontotemporal areas of the brain, respectively. These disorders share clinical, genetic, and pathological similarities, and approximately 10-15% of ALS-FTD cases are considered to be multisystemic. ALS-FTD overlaps have been linked to families carrying an expansion in the intron of C9orf72 along with inclusions of TDP-43 in the brain. Other overlapping genes (VCP, FUS, SQSTM1, TBK1, CHCHD10) are also involved in similar functions that include RNA processing, autophagy, proteasome response, protein aggregation, and intracellular trafficking. Recent advances in genome sequencing have identified new genes that are involved in these disorders (TBK1, CCNF, GLT8D1, KIF5A, NEK1, C21orf2, TBP, CTSF, MFSD8, DNAJC7). Additional risk factors and modifiers have been also identified in genome-wide association studies and array-based studies. However, the newly identified genes show higher disease frequencies in combination with known genes that are implicated in pathogenesis, thus indicating probable digenetic/polygenic inheritance models, along with epistatic interactions. Studies suggest that these genes play a pleiotropic effect on ALS-FTD and other diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Ataxia, and Parkinsonism. Besides, there have been numerous improvements in the genotype-phenotype correlations as well as clinical trials on stem cell and gene-based therapies. This review discusses the possible genetic models of ALS and FTD, the latest therapeutics, and signaling pathways involved in ALS-FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Kirola
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashim Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mousumi Mutsuddi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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24
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Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi M. Characterization of a novel superoxide dismutase in Nilaparvata lugens. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 109:e21862. [PMID: 34897778 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is a major agricultural pest of rice crops. Analysis of the enzymes produced by N. lugens is important to develop pest-control methods. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a detoxification enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anions (reactive oxygen species) into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. As there have been no reports on SOD in N. lugens, in this study, we characterized a new SOD in the brown planthopper, nlSOD1. Amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analyses revealed that nlSOD1 is a member of the Cu/Zn-SOD family. Recombinant nlSOD1, when overexpressed in Escherichia coli, catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals into molecular O2 and H2 O2 . Exposure to various insecticides induced nlSOD1 messenger RNA expression. These results indicate that nlSOD1 may contribute to the insecticide resistance of N. lugens. The findings of this study may assist in the development of novel methods to control the population of N. lugens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Misuzu Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Wu L, Song Y, Xing S, Li Y, Xu H, Yang Q, Li Y. Advances in electrospun nanofibrous membrane sensors for ion detection. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34866-34891. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04911b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful metal ions and toxic anions produced in industrial processes cause serious damage to the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqiang Wu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R China
| | - Yan Song
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Xing
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R China
| | - Yapeng Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R China
| | - Hai Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R China
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R China
| | - Yaoxian Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R China
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26
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Das P, Singh Rajput S, Das M, Laha S, Choudhuri I, Bhattacharyya N, Das A, Chandra Samanta B, Mehboob Alam M, Maity T. Easy, Selective and Colorimetric Detection of Zn(II), Cu(II), F- Ions by a New Piperazine Based Schiff Base Chemosensor along with Molecular Logic Gate Formation and Live Cell Images Study. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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27
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Hydrogen Peroxide and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: From Biochemistry to Pathophysiology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010052. [PMID: 35052556 PMCID: PMC8773294 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Free radicals are unstable chemical reactive species produced during Redox dyshomeostasis (RDH) inside living cells and are implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. One of the most complicated and life-threatening motor neurodegenerative diseases (MND) is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) because of the poor understanding of its pathophysiology and absence of an effective treatment for its cure. During the last 25 years, researchers around the globe have focused their interest on copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD, SOD1) protein after the landmark discovery of mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) gene as a risk factor for ALS. Substantial evidence suggests that toxic gain of function due to redox disturbance caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) changes the biophysical properties of native SOD1 protein thus, instigating its fibrillization and misfolding. These abnormal misfolding aggregates or inclusions of SOD1 play a role in the pathogenesis of both forms of ALS, i.e., Sporadic ALS (sALS) and familial ALS (fALS). However, what leads to a decrease in the stability and misfolding of SOD1 is still in question and our scientific knowledge is scarce. A large number of studies have been conducted in this area to explore the biochemical mechanistic pathway of SOD1 aggregation. Several studies, over the past two decades, have shown that the SOD1-catalyzed biochemical reaction product hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at a pathological concentration act as a substrate to trigger the misfolding trajectories and toxicity of SOD1 in the pathogenesis of ALS. These toxic aggregates of SOD1 also cause aberrant localization of TAR-DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43), which is characteristic of neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCI) found in ALS. Here in this review, we present the evidence implicating the pivotal role of H2O2 in modulating the toxicity of SOD1 in the pathophysiology of the incurable and highly complex disease ALS. Also, highlighting the role of H2O2 in ALS, we believe will encourage scientists to target pathological concentrations of H2O2 thereby halting the misfolding of SOD1.
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28
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Maung MT, Carlson A, Olea-Flores M, Elkhadragy L, Schachtschneider KM, Navarro-Tito N, Padilla-Benavides T. The molecular and cellular basis of copper dysregulation and its relationship with human pathologies. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21810. [PMID: 34390520 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100273rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for the activity of redox-active enzymes involved in critical metabolic reactions, signaling pathways, and biological functions. Transporters and chaperones control Cu ion levels and bioavailability to ensure proper subcellular and systemic Cu distribution. Intensive research has focused on understanding how mammalian cells maintain Cu homeostasis, and how molecular signals coordinate Cu acquisition and storage within organs. In humans, mutations of genes that regulate Cu homeostasis or facilitate interactions with Cu ions lead to numerous pathologic conditions. Malfunctions of the Cu+ -transporting ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B cause Menkes disease and Wilson disease, respectively. Additionally, defects in the mitochondrial and cellular distributions and homeostasis of Cu lead to severe neurodegenerative conditions, mitochondrial myopathies, and metabolic diseases. Cu has a dual nature in carcinogenesis as a promotor of tumor growth and an inducer of redox stress in cancer cells. Cu also plays role in cancer treatment as a component of drugs and a regulator of drug sensitivity and uptake. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of Cu metabolism and transport and its relation to various human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- May T Maung
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa Carlson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Lobna Elkhadragy
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Napoleon Navarro-Tito
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
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29
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Sharma S, Ghosh KS. Overview on recently reported fluorometric sensors for the detection of copper ion based on internal charge transfer (ICT), paramagnetic effect and aggregation induced emission (AIE) mechanisms. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Fathy SM, Abdelkader IY. Effect of resveratrol on the inflammatory status and oxidative stress in thymus gland and spleen of sulfoxaflor-treated rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1326-1337. [PMID: 33733559 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res), a polyphenolic compound that exerts mitigating consequences against various insults due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Sulfoxaflor (SFX), a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used worldwide and leading to deleterious effects on the environment and public health. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Res on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by SFX in the thymus and spleen of rats. Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into six groups; control group, SFX treated groups (24.8 mg/kg or 79.4 mg/kg/day), Res (alone) treated group (20 mg/kg/day), Res + SFX treated groups (20 mg /kg Res + 24.8 mg/kg SFX or 20 mg/kg Res + 79.4 mg/kg SFX) orally for 28 days. Res treatment reversed the significantly elevated white blood cells' count and the reduced count of red blood corpuscles, platelets as well as hemoglobin content of SFX treated rats. Biochemically, Res administration inhibited the remarkably increased serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines as well as thymic and splenic levels of malondialdehyde following SFX treatment. Res treatment ameliorated the conspicuously reduced antioxidant enzymes' activities due to SFX supplementation. The immunomodulatory effect of Res treatment was detected by suppressing the upregulation of the cluster of differentiation (CD)11b and CD3 gene expressions. Histopathological alterations attributed to SFX administration were ameliorated by Res treatment. In conclusion, Res can be used as a protective agent to counteract SFX toxic effects on lymphatic organs through alleviation of the antioxidant defense mechanism and modulation of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Fathy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Y Abdelkader
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Dentistry, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Hu J, Wang L, Zhang X, Yu W, Gao HW, Solin N, Hu Z, Uvdal K. Selective colorimetric detection of copper (II) by a protein-based nanoprobe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 252:119462. [PMID: 33524823 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a novel protein-based nanoprobe (PNP) that can be employed for quantitative analysis of Cu2+ in pure water medium and real samples. Structurally, the proposed nanoprobe comprises a biofriendly protein (hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL)) and a Cu2+-specific chromogenic agent, where HEWL acts as a nanocarrier encapsulating a structurally tailored rhodamine B derivate. The resulting PNP exhibits a hydrodynamic diameter of ~ 106 nm and efficiently disperses in water, enabling the detection of Cu2+ in pure aqueous systems without the aid of any organic co-solvents. The high sensitivity and selectivity of PNP allow the colorimetric detection of Cu2+ in the presence of other metal interferents with a low detection limit of 160 nM. The satisfying recovery of trace level Cu2+ in environmental samples demonstrate the great potential of employing PNP for the determination of Cu2+ in actual applications. Most importantly, the simple co-grinding method employing proteins and chromogenic agents provides a novel strategy to generate sensing systems that are useful detection of pollutants in aqueous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Hu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - Weibin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hong-Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Niclas Solin
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
| | - Zhangjun Hu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden.
| | - Kajsa Uvdal
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping 58183, Sweden
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32
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Fathy SM, Mahmoud MS. Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract mitigates carbon tetrachloride-mediated hepatic inflammation and apoptosis via targeting oxidative stress and toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B pathway in mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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Koo BK, Munroe W, Gralla EB, Valentine JS, Whitelegge JP. A Novel SOD1 Intermediate Oligomer, Role of Free Thiols and Disulfide Exchange. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:619279. [PMID: 33679289 PMCID: PMC7930385 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.619279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-type human SOD1 forms a highly conserved intra-molecular disulfide bond between C57-C146, and in its native state is greatly stabilized by binding one copper and one zinc atom per monomer rendering the protein dimeric. Loss of copper extinguishes dismutase activity and destabilizes the protein, increasing accessibility of the disulfide with monomerization accompanying disulfide reduction. A further pair of free thiols exist at C6 and C111 distant from metal binding sites, raising the question of their function. Here we investigate their role in misfolding of SOD1 along a pathway that leads to formation of amyloid fibrils. We present the seeding reaction of a mutant SOD1 lacking free sulfhydryl groups (AS-SOD1) to exclude variables caused by these free cysteines. Completely reduced fibril seeds decreasing the kinetic barrier to cleave the highly conserved intramolecular disulfide bond, and accelerating SOD1 reduction and initiation of fibrillation. Presence or absence of the pair of free thiols affects kinetics of fibrillation. Previously, we showed full maturation with both Cu and Zn prevents this behavior while lack of Cu renders sensitivity to fibrillation, with presence of the native disulfide bond modulating this propensity much more strongly than presence of Zn or dimerization. Here we further investigate the role of reduction of the native C57-C146 disulfide bond in fibrillation of wild-type hSOD1, firstly through removal of free thiols by paired mutations C6A, C111S (AS-SOD1), and secondly in seeded fibrillation reactions modulated by reductant tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP). Fibrillation of AS-SOD1 was dependent upon disulfide reduction and showed classic lag and exponential growth phases compared with wild-type hSOD1 whose fibrillation trajectories were typically somewhat perturbed. Electron microscopy showed that AS-SOD1 formed classic fibrils while wild-type fibrillation reactions showed the presence of smaller “sausage-like” oligomers in addition to fibrils, highlighting the potential for mixed disulfides involving C6/C111 to disrupt efficient fibrillation. Seeding by addition of sonicated fibrils lowered the TCEP concentration needed for fibrillation in both wild-type and AS-SOD1 providing evidence for template-driven structural disturbance that elevated susceptibility to reduction and thus propensity to fibrillate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bon-Kyung Koo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - William Munroe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Edith B Gralla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joan Selverstone Valentine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Liu J, Wang S. Convenient and highly sensitive detection of Cu2+ using chitosan solid film with g-C3N4 nanosheets. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA solid fluorescence sensor composed of g-C3N4 nanosheets and chitosan solid film was fabricated by electrostatic interaction. The g-C3N4 nanosheet/chitosan solid film showed selectivity and sensitivity to Cu2+ which was higher than that of other metal ions in common use. Cu2+ ions were found to efficiently bind and quench the fluorescence of the g-C3N4 nanosheet/chitosan solid film. The absorption band of the g-C3N4 nanosheet/chitosan solid film was at 240 nm in the presence of Cu2+, and the maximum emission peak was at 380 nm. Copper ion concentrations were between 0 and 3.1 × 10−5 mol/L at pH 7, the detection limit is 5 nM, compared with previous reports, it was much lower than before. Good linear relationships existed between the metal ion concentration and fluorescence intensity of g-C3N4 nanosheets in the quenching and recovering processes. This is the first study to report on the detection of Cu2+ by utilizing g-C3N4 nanosheet/chitosan composite film. The as-prepared films were conveniently prepared, easy to operate, and recyclable, as well as sensitive and selective to detect Cu2+ in water. All these features indicate the sensor’s potential application in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, 712000, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, 712000, PR China
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35
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Micro x-ray fluorescence analysis of trace element distribution in frozen hydrated HeLa cells at the P06 beamline at Petra III. Biointerphases 2021; 16:011004. [PMID: 33706519 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray fluorescence analysis enables the study of trace element distributions in biological specimens. When this analysis is done under cryogenic conditions, cells are cryofixed as closely as possible to their natural physiological state, and the corresponding intracellular elemental densities can be analyzed. Details about the experimental setup used for analysis at the P06 beamline at Petra III, DESY and the used cryo-transfer system are described in this work. The system was applied to analyze the elemental distribution in single HeLa cells, a cell line frequently used in a wide range of biological applications. Cells adhered to silicon nitride substrates were cryoprotected within an amorphous ice matrix. Using a continuous scanning scheme and a KB x-ray focus, the distribution of elements in the cells was studied. We were able to image the intracellular potassium and zinc levels in HeLa cells as two key elements relevant for the physiology of cells.
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36
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Synthesis and properties of an AIE fluorescent probe for Cu2+ detection based on ESIPT system. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Paraoxonase Role in Human Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010011. [PMID: 33374313 PMCID: PMC7824310 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body has biological redox systems capable of preventing or mitigating the damage caused by increased oxidative stress throughout life. One of them are the paraoxonase (PON) enzymes. The PONs genetic cluster is made up of three members (PON1, PON2, PON3) that share a structural homology, located adjacent to chromosome seven. The most studied enzyme is PON1, which is associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL), having paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase activities. Due to these characteristics, the enzyme PON1 has been associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we update the knowledge about the association of PON enzymes and their polymorphisms and the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD).
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38
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Singh N, NaveenKumar SK, Geethika M, Mugesh G. A Cerium Vanadate Nanozyme with Specific Superoxide Dismutase Activity Regulates Mitochondrial Function and ATP Synthesis in Neuronal Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3121-3130. [PMID: 33079465 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles that functionally mimic the activity of metal-containing enzymes (metallo-nanozymes) are of therapeutic importance for treating various diseases. However, it is still not clear whether such nanozymes can completely substitute the function of natural enzymes in living cells. In this work, we show for the first time that a cerium vanadate (CeVO4 ) nanozyme can substitute the function of superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) in the neuronal cells even when the natural enzyme is down-regulated by specific gene silencing. The nanozyme prevents the mitochondrial damage in SOD1- and SOD2-depleted cells by regulating the superoxide levels and restores the physiological levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. Furthermore, the nanozyme effectively prevents the mitochondrial depolarization, leading to a significant improvement in the cellular levels of ATP under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | | | - Motika Geethika
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Govindasamy Mugesh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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Singh N, NaveenKumar SK, Geethika M, Mugesh G. A Cerium Vanadate Nanozyme with Specific Superoxide Dismutase Activity Regulates Mitochondrial Function and ATP Synthesis in Neuronal Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | | | - Motika Geethika
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Govindasamy Mugesh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
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Chakraborty N, Chakraborty A, Das S. Hydrazone derivative of 2-hydroxyquinoline-3-carbaldehyde: an efficient anionic and cationic sensor. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A hydrazone (1) based on 2-hydroxyquinoline-3-carbaldehyde was synthesized and its anion and cation detection ability were studied. It could detect both fluoride in acetonitrile selectively among anions and copper ions in semiaqueous medium among cations. The addition of fluoride ion to the acetonitrile solution of the receptor produced a sharp colour change from light yellow to bluish green. The corresponding UV–vis measurements showed a red shift of the band of receptor 1 for fluoride and a blue shift of the band for copper ions. The fluorescence intensity of the receptor 1 got quenched with both fluoride and copper ions. The detection limits for both the ions are in order of micromolar level. The practical applications of fluoride detection were extended to oral care products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arijit Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Acharya B N Seal College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 730 161, India
| | - Suman Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Abdelrahman S, Alghrably M, Lachowicz JI, Emwas AH, Hauser CAE, Jaremko M. "What Doesn't Kill You Makes You Stronger": Future Applications of Amyloid Aggregates in Biomedicine. Molecules 2020; 25:E5245. [PMID: 33187056 PMCID: PMC7696280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid proteins are linked to the pathogenesis of several diseases including Alzheimer's disease, but at the same time a range of functional amyloids are physiologically important in humans. Although the disease pathogenies have been associated with protein aggregation, the mechanisms and factors that lead to protein aggregation are not completely understood. Paradoxically, unique characteristics of amyloids provide new opportunities for engineering innovative materials with biomedical applications. In this review, we discuss not only outstanding advances in biomedical applications of amyloid peptides, but also the mechanism of amyloid aggregation, factors affecting the process, and core sequences driving the aggregation. We aim with this review to provide a useful manual for those who engineer amyloids for innovative medicine solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Abdelrahman
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mawadda Alghrably
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Policlinico Universitario, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Charlotte A. E. Hauser
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
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USP7 regulates ALS-associated proteotoxicity and quality control through the NEDD4L-SMAD pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28114-28125. [PMID: 33106424 PMCID: PMC7668097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014349117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is fundamental to the functioning of all living cells. Perturbation of the homeostasis, or proteotoxicity, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and related neurodegenerative diseases. To guard against proteotoxicity, cells have evolved sophisticated quality-control mechanisms that make adaptations including enhanced turnover of misfolded proteins. However, how the quality-control systems are coordinated through higher-order regulatory pathways is not fully understood. We have discovered a unique suppressor of proteotoxicity, the ubiquitin-specific protease USP7, whose action is conserved from invertebrate to mammalian systems and mediated by a substrate cascade involving NEDD4L and SMAD2. These findings reveal a previously unknown regulatory pathway for protein quality control and provide new strategies for developing interventions for neurodegenerative diseases. An imbalance in cellular homeostasis occurring as a result of protein misfolding and aggregation contributes to the pathogeneses of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we report the identification of a ubiquitin-specific protease, USP7, as a regulatory switch in a protein quality-control system that defends against proteotoxicity. A genome-wide screen in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of SOD1-linked ALS identified the USP7 ortholog as a suppressor of proteotoxicity in the nervous system. The actions of USP7 orthologs on misfolded proteins were found to be conserved in Drosophila and mammalian cells. USP7 acts on protein quality control through the SMAD2 transcription modulator of the transforming growth factor β pathway, which activates autophagy and enhances the clearance of misfolded proteins. USP7 deubiquitinates the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L, which mediates the degradation of SMAD2. Inhibition of USP7 protected against proteotoxicity in mammalian neurons, and SMAD2 was found to be dysregulated in the nervous systems of ALS patients. These findings reveal a regulatory pathway of protein quality control that is implicated in the proteotoxicity-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Jürs AV, Völkner C, Liedtke M, Huth K, Lukas J, Hermann A, Frech MJ. Oxidative Stress and Alterations in the Antioxidative Defense System in Neuronal Cells Derived from NPC1 Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207667. [PMID: 33081384 PMCID: PMC7593914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) represents a state of an imbalanced amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or a hampered efficacy of the antioxidative defense system. Cells of the central nervous system are particularly sensitive to OS, as they have a massive need of oxygen to maintain proper function. Consequently, OS represents a common pathophysiological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and is discussed to contribute to the neurodegeneration observed amongst others in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. In this context, accumulating evidence suggests that OS is involved in the pathophysiology of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease (NPC1). NPC1, a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disease, belongs to the family of lysosomal storage disorders. A major hallmark of the disease is the accumulation of cholesterol and other glycosphingolipids in lysosomes. Several studies describe OS both in murine in vivo and in vitro NPC1 models. However, studies based on human cells are limited to NPC1 patient-derived fibroblasts. Thus, we analyzed OS in a human neuronal model based on NPC1 patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Higher ROS levels, as determined by DCF (dichlorodihydrofluorescein) fluorescence, indicated oxidative stress in all NPC1-deficient cell lines. This finding was further supported by reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The analysis of mRNA and protein levels of SOD1 and SOD2 did not reveal any difference between control cells and NPC1-deficient cells. Interestingly, we observed a striking decrease in catalase mRNA and protein levels in all NPC1-deficient cell lines. As catalase is a key enzyme of the cellular antioxidative defense system, we concluded that the lack of catalase contributes to the elevated ROS levels observed in NPC1-deficient cells. Thus, a restitution of a physiological catalase level may pose an intervention strategy to rescue NPC1-deficient cells from the repercussions of oxidative stress contributing to the neurodegeneration observed in NPC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V. Jürs
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Christin Völkner
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Maik Liedtke
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Katharina Huth
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Jan Lukas
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), Rostock University Medical Center, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), Rostock University Medical Center, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Moritz J. Frech
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section Albrecht Kossel, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (A.V.J.); (C.V.); (M.L.); (K.H.); (J.L.); (A.H.)
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), Rostock University Medical Center, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Niu B, Mackness BC, Zitzewitz JA, Matthews CR, Gross ML. Trifluoroethanol Partially Unfolds G93A SOD1 Leading to Protein Aggregation: A Study by Native Mass Spectrometry and FPOP Protein Footprinting. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3650-3659. [PMID: 32924445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding of Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) variants may lead to protein aggregation and ultimately amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mechanism and protein conformational changes during this process are complex and remain unclear. To study SOD1 variant aggregation at the molecular level and in solution, we chemically induced aggregation of a mutant variant (G93A SOD1) with trifluoroethanol (TFE) and used both native mass spectrometry (MS) to analyze the intact protein and fast photochemical oxidation of proteins (FPOP) to characterize the structural changes induced by TFE. We found partially unfolded G93A SOD1 monomers prior to oligomerization and identified regions of the N-terminus, C-terminus, and strands β5, β6 accountable for the partial unfolding. We propose that exposure of hydrophobic interfaces of these unstructured regions serves as a precursor to aggregation. Our results provide a possible mechanism and molecular basis for ALS-linked SOD1 misfolding and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Brian C Mackness
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, United States
| | - Jill A Zitzewitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, United States
| | - C Robert Matthews
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, United States
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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CHIP as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:727. [PMID: 32908122 PMCID: PMC7481199 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02953-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carboxy-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) functions both as a molecular co-chaperone and ubiquitin E3 ligase playing a critical role in modulating the degradation of numerous chaperone-bound proteins. To date, it has been implicated in the regulation of numerous biological functions, including misfolded-protein refolding, autophagy, immunity, and necroptosis. Moreover, the ubiquitous expression of CHIP in the central nervous system suggests that it may be implicated in a wide range of functions in neurological diseases. Several recent studies of our laboratory and other groups have highlighted the beneficial role of CHIP in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases. The objective of this review is to discuss the possible molecular mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases in which CHIP has a pivotal role, such as stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and polyglutamine diseases; furthermore, CHIP mutations could also cause neurodegenerative diseases. Based on the available literature, CHIP overexpression could serve as a promising therapeutic target for several neurological diseases.
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Michalska P, León R. When It Comes to an End: Oxidative Stress Crosstalk with Protein Aggregation and Neuroinflammation Induce Neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080740. [PMID: 32806679 PMCID: PMC7463521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a progressive loss of neurons in the brain or spinal cord that leads to a loss of function of the affected areas. The lack of effective treatments and the ever-increasing life expectancy is raising the number of individuals affected, having a tremendous social and economic impact. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage given the high energy demand, low levels of antioxidant defenses, and high levels of metal ions. Driven by age-related changes, neurodegeneration is characterized by increased oxidative stress leading to irreversible neuronal damage, followed by cell death. Nevertheless, neurodegenerative diseases are known as complex pathologies where several mechanisms drive neuronal death. Herein we discuss the interplay among oxidative stress, proteinopathy, and neuroinflammation at the early stages of neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we discuss the use of the Nrf2-ARE pathway as a potential therapeutic strategy based on these molecular mechanisms to develop transformative medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Michalska
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (R.L.); Tel.: +34-91-497-27-66 (P.M. & R.L.)
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (R.L.); Tel.: +34-91-497-27-66 (P.M. & R.L.)
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Wang JX, Xing ZY, Tian ZN, Wu DQ, Xiang YY, Li JL. A dual-functional probe for sensing pH change and ratiometric detection of Cu 2. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 235:118318. [PMID: 32272428 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A series of benzothiazole-based compounds were synthesized and characterized. Among them, probe Z showed significant dual-functional performance which was capable of sensing pH change and Cu2+. Probe Z displayed fluorescent turn-on under alkaline conditions due to deprotonation of the hydroxyl group along with the obviously color change from colorless to mint green. Interestingly, it further achieved in ratiometric detection of Cu2+ through absorbance or fluorescence signals in strong alkaline condition. The limit of detection was calculated correspondingly as 0.37 μM and 1.35 μM, respectively. Especially, the combination of the XNOR and INHIBIT logic gates could be used to confirm that one medium was in neutrality or alkalinity condition. Moreover, Z was successfully used in real water samples and test paper for fast identification of Cu2+, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Xu Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yong Xing
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Nan Tian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ding-Qi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China.
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Perrone B, Conforti FL. Common mutations of interest in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: how common are common mutations in ALS genes? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:703-714. [PMID: 32497448 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1779060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease predominantly affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Diagnosis of this devastating pathology is very difficult because the high degree of clinical heterogeneity with which it occurs and until now, no truly effective treatment exists. AREAS COVERED Molecular diagnosis may be a valuable tool for dissecting out ALS complex heterogeneity and for identifying new molecular mechanisms underlying the characteristic selective degeneration and death of motor neurons. To date, pathogenic variants in ALS genes are known to be present in up to 70% of familial and 10% of apparently sporadic ALS cases and can be associated with risks for ALS only or risks for other neurodegenerative diseases. This paper shows the procedure currently used in diagnostic laboratories to investigate most frequent mutations in ALS and evaluating the utility of involved molecular techniques as potential tools to discriminate 'common mutations' in ALS patients. EXPERT OPINION Genetic testing may allow for establishing an accurate pathological diagnosis and a more precise stratification of patient groups in future drug trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Italy
| | - Francesca Luisa Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Italy
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Traven VF, Cheptsov DA. Sensory effects of fluorescent organic dyes. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Jung KH, Zhang X. Fluorogenic detection of protein aggregates in live cells using the AggTag method. Methods Enzymol 2020; 639:1-22. [PMID: 32475397 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a process that occurs through the self-assembly of misfolded proteins to form soluble oligomers and insoluble aggregates. While there has been significant interest in protein aggregation for neurodegenerative diseases, progress in this field of research has been limited by the lack of effective methods to detect and interrogate these species in live cells. To resolve this issue, we have developed a new imaging method named the AggTag to report on protein aggregation in live cells with fluorescence microscopy. The AggTag method utilizes a genetic fusion of a protein of interest (POI) to a protein tag to conjugate with the AggTag probe, which contains a fluorophore that turns on its fluorescence upon interaction with protein aggregates. Unlike the conventional methods, this method enables one to detect soluble misfolded oligomers that were previously invisible. Furthermore, the AggTag method has been applied for the simultaneous detection of co-aggregation between two different POIs by a dual-color and orthogonal tagging system. This chapter aims to provide step-by-step procedures of the AggTag method for researchers who intend to study aggregation of POIs in mammalian cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Ho Jung
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
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