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Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, Rizk NI, Khaled R, Abdelfatah AM, Aboelyazed AM, Waseem AM, Bashier D, Mohammed OA, Elballal MS, Mageed SSA, Elrebehy MA, Zaki MB, Elesawy AE, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Saber S, Doghish AS. Unraveling the miRNA Puzzle in Atherosclerosis: Revolutionizing Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024; 26:395-410. [PMID: 38869707 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To eradicate atherosclerotic diseases, novel biomarkers, and future therapy targets must reveal the burden of early atherosclerosis (AS), which occurs before life-threatening unstable plaques form. The chemical and biological features of microRNAs (miRNAs) make them interesting biomarkers for numerous diseases. We summarized the latest research on miRNA regulatory mechanisms in AS progression studies, which may help us use miRNAs as biomarkers and treatments for difficult-to-treat diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research has demonstrated that miRNAs have a regulatory function in the observed changes in gene and protein expression during atherogenesis, the process that leads to atherosclerosis. Several miRNAs play a role in the development of atherosclerosis, and these miRNAs could potentially serve as non-invasive biomarkers for atherosclerosis in various regions of the body. These miRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers and targets for early treatment of atherosclerosis. The start and development of AS require different miRNAs. It reviews new research on miRNAs affecting endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, vascular inflammation, lipid retention, and cholesterol metabolism in AS. A miRNA gene expression profile circulates with AS everywhere. AS therapies include lipid metabolism, inflammation reduction, and oxidative stress inhibition. Clinical use of miRNAs requires tremendous progress. We think tiny miRNAs can enable personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11823, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, 11785, Egypt
| | - Reem Khaled
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Aboelyazed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Aly M Waseem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Biochemistry, 32897, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, 11961, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt.
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 11152, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11231, Egypt.
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Ou Z, Cheng Y, Ma H, Chen K, Lin Q, Chen J, Guo R, Huang Z, Cheng Q, Alaeiilkhchi N, Zhu Q, Huang Z, Jiang H. miR-223 accelerates lipid droplets clearance in microglia following spinal cord injury by upregulating ABCA1. J Transl Med 2024; 22:659. [PMID: 39010173 PMCID: PMC11247820 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by extensive demyelination and inflammatory responses. Facilitating the clearance of lipid droplets (LDs) within microglia contributes to creating a microenvironment that favors neural recovery and provides essential materials for subsequent remyelination. Therefore, investigating MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate lipid homeostasis after SCI and elucidating their potential mechanisms in promoting LDs clearance in microglia have become focal points of SCI research. METHODS We established a subacute C5 hemicontusion SCI model in mice and performed transcriptomic sequencing on the injury epicenter to identify differentially expressed genes and associated pathways. Confocal imaging was employed to observe LDs accumulation. Multi-omics analyses were conducted to identify differentially expressed mRNA and miRNA post-SCI. Pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network construction were performed using bioinformatics methods, revealing miR-223-Abca1 as a crucial miRNA-mRNA pair in lipid metabolism regulation. BV2 microglia cell lines overexpressing miR-223 were engineered, and immunofluorescence staining, western blot, and other techniques were employed to assess LDs accumulation, relevant targets, and inflammatory factor expression, confirming its role in regulating lipid homeostasis in microglia. RESULTS Histopathological results of our hemicontusion SCI model confirmed LDs aggregation at the injury epicenter, predominantly within microglia. Our transcriptomic analysis during the subacute phase of SCI in mice implicated ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (Abca1) as a pivotal gene in lipid homeostasis, cholesterol efflux and microglial activation. Integrative mRNA-miRNA multi-omics analysis highlighted the crucial role of miR-223 in the neuroinflammation process following SCI, potentially through the regulation of lipid metabolism via Abca1. In vitro experiments using BV2 cells overexpressing miR-223 demonstrated that elevated levels of miR-223 enhance ABCA1 expression in myelin debris and LPS-induced BV2 cells. This promotes myelin debris degradation and LDs clearance, and induces a shift toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study unveils the critical regulatory role of miR-223 in lipid homeostasis following SCI. The mechanism by which this occurs involves the upregulation of ABCA1 expression, which facilitates LDs clearance and myelin debris degradation, consequently alleviating the lipid burden, and inhibiting inflammatory polarization of microglia. These findings suggest that strategies to enhance miR-223 expression and target ABCA1, thereby augmenting LDs clearance, may emerge as appealing new clinical targets for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Ou
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongquan Cheng
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Lin
- School of Anesthesiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruqin Guo
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiping Huang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qixian Cheng
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Nima Alaeiilkhchi
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Qingan Zhu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zucheng Huang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hui Jiang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Evans LW, Durbin-Johnson B, Sutton KJ, Yam P, Bouzid YY, Cervantes E, Bonnel E, Stephenson CB, Bennett BJ. Specific circulating miRNAs are associated with plasma lipids in a healthy American cohort. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:492-505. [PMID: 38557280 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00087.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) is both a therapeutic target and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). MicroRNA (miRNA) has been shown to regulate cholesterol homeostasis, and miRNA in blood circulation has been linked to hypercholesterolemia. However, few studies to date have associated miRNA with phenotypes like LDL-c in a healthy population. To this end, we analyzed circulating miRNA in relation to LDL-c in a healthy cohort of 353 participants using two separate bioinformatic approaches. The first approach found that miR-15b-5p and miR-16-5p were upregulated in individuals with at-risk levels of LDL-c. The second approach identified two miRNA clusters, one that positively and a second that negatively correlated with LDL-c. Included in the cluster that positively correlated with LDL-c were miR-15b-5p and miR-16-5p, as well as other miRNA from the miR-15/107, miR-30, and let-7 families. Cross-species analyses suggested that several miRNAs that associated with LDL-c are conserved between mice and humans. Finally, we examined the influence of diet on circulating miRNA. Our results robustly linked circulating miRNA with LDL-c, suggesting that miRNA could be used as biomarkers for hypercholesterolemia or targets for developing cholesterol-lowering drugs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study explored the association between circulating microRNA (miRNA) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in a healthy population of 353 participants. Two miRNAs, miR-15b-5p and miR-16-5p, were upregulated in individuals with at-risk LDL-c levels. Several miRNA clusters were positively and negatively correlated with LDL-c and are known to target mRNA involved in lipid metabolism. The study also investigated the influence of diet on circulating miRNA, suggesting potential biomarkers for hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi W Evans
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States
| | - Blythe Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Kristen J Sutton
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Phoebe Yam
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Yasmine Y Bouzid
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Eduardo Cervantes
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Ellen Bonnel
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Charles B Stephenson
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Brian J Bennett
- USDA-ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, United States
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Tabrez S, Akand SK, Ali R, Naqvi IH, Soleja N, Mohsin M, Ahmed MZ, Saleem M, Parvez S, Akhter Y, Rub A. Leishmania donovani modulates host miRNAs regulating cholesterol biosynthesis for its survival. Microbes Infect 2024:105379. [PMID: 38885758 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol reduction by intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani (L. donovani), causative agent of leishmaniasis, impairs antigen presentation, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and host-protective membrane-receptor signaling in macrophages. Here, we studied the miRNA mediated regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic genes to understand the possible mechanism of L. donovani-induced cholesterol reduction and therapeutic importance of miRNAs in leishmaniasis. System-scale genome-wide microtranscriptome screening was performed to identify the miRNAs involved in the regulation of expression of key cholesterol biosynthesis regulatory genes through miRanda3.0. 11 miRNAs out of 2823, showing complementarity with cholesterol biosynthetic genes were finally selected for expression analysis. These selected miRNAs were differentially regulated in THP-1 derived macrophages and in primary human macrophages by L. donovani. Correlation of expression and target validation through luciferase assay suggested two key miRNAs, hsa-miR-1303 and hsa-miR-874-3p regulating the key genes hmgcr and hmgcs1 respectively. Inhibition of hsa-mir-1303 and hsa-miR-874-3p augmented the expression of targets and reduced the parasitemia in macrophages. This study will also provide the platform for the development of miRNA-based therapy against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams Tabrez
- Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sajjadul Kadir Akand
- Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rahat Ali
- Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Irshad Husain Naqvi
- Dr. M. A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Neha Soleja
- Department of Bioscience, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohd Mohsin
- Department of Bioscience, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saleem
- National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, P.O Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Abdur Rub
- Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India.
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Letonja J, Petrovič D. A Review of MicroRNAs and lncRNAs in Atherosclerosis as Well as Some Major Inflammatory Conditions Affecting Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1322. [PMID: 38927529 PMCID: PMC11201627 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The link between atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via metabolic, inflammatory, and immunoregulatory pathways is well established. The aim of our review was to summarize the associations between selected microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and atherosclerosis, psoriasis, T2DM, and RA. We reviewed the role of miR-146a, miR-210, miR-143, miR-223, miR-126, miR-21, miR-155, miR-145, miR-200, miR-133, miR-135, miR-221, miR-424, let-7, lncRNA-H19, lncRNA-MEG3, lncRNA-UCA1, and lncRNA-XIST in atherosclerosis and psoriasis, T2DM, and RA. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a method of intracellular signal transduction. Their function depends on surface expression, cargo, and the cell from which they originate. The majority of the studies that investigated lncRNAs and some miRs had relatively small sample sizes, which limits the generalizability of their findings and indicates the need for more research. Based on the studies reviewed, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-145, miR-200, miR-133, and lncRNA-H19 are the most promising potential biomarkers and, possibly, therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis as well as T2DM, RA, and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Letonja
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Laboratory for Histology and Genetics of Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Diseases, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Laboratory for Histology and Genetics of Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Diseases, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Munno M, Mallia A, Greco A, Modafferi G, Banfi C, Eligini S. Radical Oxygen Species, Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins, and Lectin-like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor 1: A Vicious Circle in Atherosclerotic Process. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:583. [PMID: 38790688 PMCID: PMC11118168 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex condition that involves the accumulation of lipids and subsequent plaque formation in the arterial intima. There are various stimuli, cellular receptors, and pathways involved in this process, but oxidative modifications of low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) are particularly important in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. Ox-LDLs promote foam-cell formation, activate proinflammatory pathways, and induce smooth-muscle-cell migration, apoptosis, and cell death. One of the major receptors for ox-LDL is LOX-1, which is upregulated in several cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. LOX-1 activation in endothelial cells promotes endothelial dysfunction and induces pro-atherogenic signaling, leading to plaque formation. The binding of ox-LDLs to LOX-1 increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can induce LOX-1 expression and oxidize LDLs, contributing to ox-LDL generation and further upregulating LOX-1 expression. This creates a vicious circle that is amplified in pathological conditions characterized by high plasma levels of LDLs. Although LOX-1 has harmful effects, the clinical significance of inhibiting this protein remains unclear. Further studies both in vitro and in vivo are needed to determine whether LOX-1 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic target to counteract the atherosclerotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Munno
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Alice Mallia
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Arianna Greco
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Gloria Modafferi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Sonia Eligini
- Unit of Functional Proteomics, Metabolomics and Network Analysis, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (S.E.)
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Malin SK, Erdbrügger U. Extracellular Vesicles in Metabolic and Vascular Insulin Resistance. J Vasc Res 2024; 61:129-141. [PMID: 38615667 PMCID: PMC11149383 DOI: 10.1159/000538197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance is a major etiological factor in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction may precede impairments in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, thereby making it a key feature in development of CVD. However, the mechanism by which vascular tissue becomes dysfunctional is not clear. SUMMARY Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential mediators of insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction. EVs are membrane-bound particles released by tissues following cellular stress or activation. They carry "cargo" (e.g., insulin signaling proteins, eNOS-nitric oxide, and miRNA) that are believed to promote inter-cellular and interorgan communications. Herein, we review the underlying physiology of EVs in relation to type 2 diabetes and CVD risk. Specifically, we discuss how EVs may modulate metabolic (e.g., skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose) insulin sensitivity, and propose that EVs may modulate vascular insulin action to influence both endothelial function and arterial stiffness. We lastly identify how EVs may play a unique role following exercise to promote metabolic and vascular insulin sensitivity changes. KEY MESSAGE Gaining insight toward insulin-mediated EV mechanism has potential to identify novel pathways regulating cardiometabolic health and provide foundation for examining EVs as unique biomarkers and targets to prevent and/or treat chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- The New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Uta Erdbrügger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Raghubeer S. The influence of epigenetics and inflammation on cardiometabolic risks. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:175-184. [PMID: 36804178 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases include metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Epigenetic modifications participate in cardiometabolic diseases through several pathways, including inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Epigenetic modifications, which encompass alterations to gene expression without mutating the DNA sequence, have gained much attention in recent years, since they have been correlated with cardiometabolic diseases and may be targeted for therapeutic interventions. Epigenetic modifications are greatly influenced by environmental factors, such as diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and pollution. Some modifications are heritable, indicating that the biological expression of epigenetic alterations may be observed across generations. Moreover, many patients with cardiometabolic diseases present with chronic inflammation, which can be influenced by environmental and genetic factors. The inflammatory environment worsens the prognosis of cardiometabolic diseases and further induces epigenetic modifications, predisposing patients to the development of other metabolism-associated diseases and complications. A deeper understanding of inflammatory processes and epigenetic modifications in cardiometabolic diseases is necessary to improve our diagnostic capabilities, personalized medicine approaches, and the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Further understanding may also assist in predicting disease outcomes, especially in children and young adults. This review describes epigenetic modifications and inflammatory processes underlying cardiometabolic diseases, and further discusses advances in the research field with a focus on specific points for interventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanel Raghubeer
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa.
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Searles CD. MicroRNAs and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024; 26:51-60. [PMID: 38206553 PMCID: PMC10844442 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-02014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-short, non-coding RNAs-play important roles in almost all aspects of cardiovascular biology, and changes in intracellular miRNA expression are indicative of cardiovascular disease development and progression. Extracellular miRNAs, which are easily measured in blood and can be reflective of changes in intracellular miRNA levels, have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for disease. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding miRNAs as biomarkers for assessing cardiovascular disease risk and prognosis. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous studies over the last 10-15 years have identified associations between extracellular miRNA profiles and cardiovascular disease, supporting the potential use of extracellular miRNAs as biomarkers for risk stratification. However, clinical application of extracellular miRNA profiles has been hampered by poor reproducibility and inter-study variability that is due largely to methodological differences between studies. While recent studies indicate that circulating extracellular miRNAs are promising biomarkers for cardiovascular disease, evidence for clinical implementation is lacking. This highlights the need for larger, well-designed studies that use standardized methods for sample preparation, miRNA isolation, quantification, and normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Searles
- Emory University School of Medicine and Atlanta VA Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
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10
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Bandi DP, Sudhakar U, Parthasarathy H, Rajamani SR, Krishnaswamy B. Expression dynamics of microRNA-223/Ras-associated binding protein 12 axis in Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease: A case-control analysis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2024; 28:99-105. [PMID: 38988960 PMCID: PMC11232797 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_179_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The intricate interplay between periodontal polymicrobial flora and an altered immune response is the central cause of periodontal disease. Multiple cell death methods and their interactions, along with the associated signaling pathways, significantly impact the initiation and advancement of periodontitis. Our speculation revolves around the role of the miR-223/Ras-associated binding protein (RAB12) signaling axis in regulating autophagy-induced pyroptosis, contributing to the pathophysiology of periodontitis. Thus, this study aimed to investigate miR-223 and RAB12 expression patterns in Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease. Materials and Methods The study included 50 healthy individuals and 50 patients diagnosed with Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease. Clinical parameters were cataloged for each participant. miRNA-223 underwent an in silico analysis to identify its potential target genes. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from the subjects for real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the expression of both miR-223 and the RAB12 gene. Results The miRTargetLink2.0 analysis highlighted the RAB12 gene as a prime target for miR-223. In periodontal disease patients, miR-223 and RAB12 gene expressions significantly increased (15.21 and 34.70-fold changes, respectively; P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested that miR-223 is a potential biomarker for periodontal disease, with 76% diagnostic accuracy and an area under the curve of 0.777 (P < 0.01). Conclusion MicroRNA-223 and its target gene RAB12 exhibit high expression levels in GCF samples from individuals with periodontal disease. This suggests modulation of autophagy and the signaling mechanism for pyroptotic cell death in periodontal tissues during pathogenesis. Consequently, the miR-223/RAB12 axis might represent a plausible link for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhathri Priya Bandi
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Sudhakar
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harinath Parthasarathy
- Department of Periodontology, S.R.M. Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Snophia Rani Rajamani
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnaswamy
- Former Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Li D, Liu D, Wang Y, Sun Q, Sun R, Zhang J, Hong X, Huo R, Zhang S, Cui C. Multifunctional liposomes Co-encapsulating epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and miRNA for atherosclerosis lesion elimination. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:221-232. [PMID: 38125586 PMCID: PMC10729916 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00369h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by a lipid accumulated plaque. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation and lipid metabolism promoting therapeutic strategies have been applied for atherosclerosis treatment. However, the therapeutic effect of a single therapeutic method is limited. It is suggested that a combination of these two strategies could help prevent lipid accumulation caused by inflammation and oxidative stress, and also promote lipid efflux from atherosclerotic plaque, to normalize arteries to the maximum extent. Hence, a strategy involving a multifunctional liposome co-encapsulating an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and a lipid-efflux-promoting gene miR-223 was established. The system (lip@EGCG/miR-223) could encapsulate miR-223 in core areas of the liposomes to provide a protective effect for gene drugs. Moreover, lip@EGCG/miR-223 was smaller in size (91.28 ± 2.28 nm characterized by DLS), making it easier to target AS lesions, which have smaller vascular endothelial spaces. After being efficiently internalized into the cells, lip@EGCG/miR-223 exhibited excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro by eliminating overproduced ROS and decreasing the level of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1), which was due to the effect of EGCG. Besides, the lipid-efflux-promoting protein ABCA1 was upregulated when treated with lip@EGCG/miR-223. Through the two therapies mentioned, lip@EGCG/miR-223 could effectively inhibit the formation of foam cells, which are a main component of atherosclerotic plaques. In AS model mice, after intravenous (i.v.) administration, lip@EGCG/miR-223 was effectively accumulated in atherosclerotic plaques, and the distribution of drugs in the heart and aorta compared to that in the kidney was significantly increased when compared with free drugs (the ratio was 6.27% for the free miR-223-treated group, which increased to 66.10% for the lip@EGCG/miR-223-treated group). By decreasing the inflammation level and lipid accumulation, the arterial vessels in AS were normalized, with less macrophages and micro-angiogenesis, when treated with lip@EGCG/miR-223. Overall, this study demonstrated that lip@EGCG/miR-223 could be developed as a potential system for atherosclerosis treatment by a combined treatment of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-efflux-promoting effects, which provides a novel strategy for the safe and efficient management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Danni Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoqi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University No. 10 Youanmenwai Street, Fengtai Beijing 100069 People's Republic of China +86-10-8391-1673 +86-10-8391-1668
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs Beijing 10069 People's Republic of China
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12
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Yang J, Lee R, Henning SM, Xing E, Huang J, Yang S, Garcia MC, Surampudi V, Heber D, Li Z. Concentrated Grape Powder Consumption Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism and Homeostasis in Healthy Subjects. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300224. [PMID: 37672802 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Four weeks' of concentrated grape powder (GP) consumption reduces circulating cholesterol in healthy free-living subjects consuming a low-fiber/low-polyphenol diet. Here, the study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms for cholesterol reduction by evaluating biomarkers of cholesterol de novo biosynthesis, intestinal absorption, miRNA involved in transcriptional regulation of cholesterol metabolism, as well as cholesterol oxidation. METHODS AND RESULTS Fasting plasma samples collected from 19 healthy free-living subjects at baseline and week 4 of GP consumption are used in this study. Gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) analysis of plasma samples shows that lathosterol, a precursor of cholesterol synthesis, is significantly decreased after GP consumption indicating reduced cholesterol de novo biosynthesis. Markers of intestinal absorption, campesterol, and β-sitosterol are not changed. Realtime PCR shows that plasma exosomal miRNA-1 is increased after GP consumption. GC-MS also shows that GP consumption reduces the plasma cholesterol oxidation product 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC). CONCLUSIONS This study enhances the understanding of the mechanisms of the cholesterol lowering effects of GP, and provides new insights into the potential health benefits of grape consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Rupo Lee
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Susanne M Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Emily Xing
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Scarlet Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Michael C Garcia
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Vijaya Surampudi
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - David Heber
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
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13
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Liu C, Liu X, Li H, Kang Z. Advances in the regulation of adipogenesis and lipid metabolism by exosomal ncRNAs and their role in related metabolic diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1173904. [PMID: 37791070 PMCID: PMC10543472 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1173904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles released following the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the cell membrane. Exosomes transport diverse molecules, including proteins, lipids, DNA and RNA, and regulate distant intercellular communication. Noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) carried by exosomes regulate cell-cell communication in tissues, including adipose tissue. This review summarizes the action mechanisms of ncRNAs carried by exosomes on adipocyte differentiation and modulation of adipogenesis by exosomal ncRNAs. This study aims to provide valuable insights for developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xilin Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Nursing, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhichen Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Veie CHB, Nielsen IMT, Frisk NLS, Dalgaard LT. Extracellular microRNAs in Relation to Weight Loss-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:53. [PMID: 37736899 PMCID: PMC10514795 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9050053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Even a modest weight loss of 5-15% improves metabolic health, but circulating markers to indicate weight loss efficiency are lacking. MicroRNAs, small non-coding post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, are secreted from tissues into the circulation and may be potential biomarkers for metabolic health. However, it is not known which specific microRNA species are reproducibly changed in levels by weight loss. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the microRNAs associated with weight loss by comparing baseline to follow-up levels following intervention-driven weight loss. This systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines with searches in PubMed and SCOPUS. The primary search resulted in a total of 697 articles, which were screened according to the prior established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Following the screening of articles, the review was based on the inclusion of 27 full-text articles, which were evaluated for quality and the risk of bias. We performed systematic data extraction, whereafter the relative values for miRNAs were calculated. A meta-analysis was performed for the miRNA species investigated in three or more studies: miR-26a, miR-126, and miR-223 were overall significantly increased following weight loss, while miR-142 was significantly decreased after weight loss. miR-221, miR-140, miR-122, and miR-146 were not significantly changed by intervention-driven weight loss. These results indicate that few miRNAs are significantly changed during weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Louise T. Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark (N.L.S.F.)
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15
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Graham A. Modulation of the Cellular microRNA Landscape: Contribution to the Protective Effects of High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1232. [PMID: 37759631 PMCID: PMC10526091 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) play an established role in protecting against cellular dysfunction in a variety of different disease contexts; however, harnessing this therapeutic potential has proved challenging due to the heterogeneous and relative instability of this lipoprotein and its variable cargo molecules. The purpose of this study is to examine the contribution of microRNA (miRNA; miR) sequences, either delivered directly or modulated endogenously, to these protective functions. This narrative review introduces the complex cargo carried by HDL, the protective functions associated with this lipoprotein, and the factors governing biogenesis, export and the uptake of microRNA. The possible mechanisms by which HDL can modulate the cellular miRNA landscape are considered, and the impact of key sequences modified by HDL is explored in diseases such as inflammation and immunity, wound healing, angiogenesis, dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, potentially offering new routes for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Graham
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
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16
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Satyadev N, Rivera MI, Nikolov NK, Fakoya AOJ. Exosomes as biomarkers and therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated complications. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1241096. [PMID: 37745252 PMCID: PMC10515224 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1241096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. However, T2DM still remains underdiagnosed and undertreated resulting in poor quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. Given this ongoing burden, researchers have attempted to locate new therapeutic targets as well as methodologies to identify the disease and its associated complications at an earlier stage. Several studies over the last few decades have identified exosomes, small extracellular vesicles that are released by cells, as pivotal contributors to the pathogenesis of T2DM and its complications. These discoveries suggest the possibility of novel detection and treatment methods. This review provides a comprehensive presentation of exosomes that hold potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Additional focus is given to characterizing the role of exosomes in T2DM complications, including diabetic angiopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic wound healing. This study reveals that the utilization of exosomes as diagnostic markers and therapies is a realistic possibility for both T2DM and its complications. However, the majority of the current research is limited to animal models, warranting further investigation of exosomes in clinical trials. This review represents the most extensive and up-to-date exploration of exosomes in relation to T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Satyadev
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Milagros I. Rivera
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis
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17
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Palma GBH, Kaur M. miRNA-128 and miRNA-223 regulate cholesterol-mediated drug resistance in breast cancer. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:743-764. [PMID: 37070323 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy worldwide and 70% of all breast cancer cases are estrogen receptor-positive (ER+). Endocrine therapy, Tamoxifen (TAM), is a popular treatment for ER+ breast cancer patients; however, despite its success in reducing breast cancer mortality, cancer drug resistance remains a significant challenge. A major contributor to this resistance is the dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis, where breast cancer cells have elevated cholesterol levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of cholesterol-related and cancer drug resistance pathways, and their aberrant expression often confers resistance. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the roles of miRNA-128 and miRNA-223 in cholesterol-mediated TAM resistance. METHODS Three breast cancer cell lines were treated with a combination of 1 μM TAM and 10 μM of a cholesterol depleting agent (Acetyl Plumbagin: AP) following transfection with a miR-128 inhibitor or a miR-223 mimic. Cell viability and cholesterol levels were assessed using an MTT assay and fluorescence staining, respectively. In addition, expression levels of several genes and proteins involved in cancer drug resistance and cholesterol homeostasis were also assessed using RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS The combination treatment with altered miRNA expression led to reduced cell viability due to a reduction in free cholesterol and lipid rafts in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and long-term estrogen-deprived cells (resistant breast cancer cells). Moreover, reduced miR-128 expression was favoured in all breast cancer cell lines as this alteration lowered the expression of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and transport, drug resistance, and cell signalling. CONCLUSIONS Investigating the gene expression profiles in different breast cancer cell lines was important to elucidate further the molecular mechanisms involved in miRNA-regulated cholesterol homeostasis and cancer drug resistance. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that miR-128 and miR-223 could be potential targets in reducing TAM resistance through the depletion of excess cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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18
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Sonbhadra S, Mehak, Pandey LM. Biogenesis, Isolation, and Detection of Exosomes and Their Potential in Therapeutics and Diagnostics. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:802. [PMID: 37622888 PMCID: PMC10452587 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing research and rapid developments in the field of exosomes provide insights into their role and significance in human health. Exosomes derived from various sources, such as mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac cells, and tumor cells, to name a few, can be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases and could also serve as biomarkers for the early detection of diseases. Cellular components of exosomes, several proteins, lipids, and miRNAs hold promise as novel biomarkers for the detection of various diseases. The structure of exosomes enables them as drug delivery vehicles. Since exosomes exhibit potential therapeutic applications, their efficient isolation from complex biological/clinical samples and precise real-time analysis becomes significant. With the advent of microfluidics, nano-biosensors are being designed to capture exosomes efficiently and rapidly. Herein, we have summarized the history, biogenesis, characteristics, functions, and applications of exosomes, along with the isolation, detection, and quantification techniques. The implications of surface modifications to enhance specificity have been outlined. The review also sheds light on the engineered nanoplatforms being developed for exosome detection and capture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lalit M. Pandey
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (S.S.); (M.)
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Kramna D, Riedlova P, Jirik V. MicroRNAs as a Potential Biomarker in the Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1329. [PMID: 37512140 PMCID: PMC10386031 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in most developed countries. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly investigated molecules not only in CVD but also in other diseases. Several studies on miRNAs continue to reveal novel miRNAs that may play a role in CVD, in their pathogenesis in diagnosis or prognosis, but evidence for clinical implementation is still lacking. The aim of this study is to clarify the diagnostic potential of miRNAs in some CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Kramna
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (P.R.); (V.J.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Riedlova
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (P.R.); (V.J.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Vitezslav Jirik
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic; (P.R.); (V.J.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Dichek DA. Targeting and delivery of microRNA-targeting antisense oligonucleotides in cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis 2023; 374:44-54. [PMID: 36577600 PMCID: PMC10277317 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Discovered three decades ago, microRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as key players in the pathophysiology of multiple human diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. As such, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for preventing the onset and/or progression of several cardiovascular diseases. Anti-miRNA antisense oligonucleotides or "antagomirs" precisely block the activity of specific miRNAs and are therefore a promising therapeutic strategy to repress pathological miRNAs. In this review, we describe advancements in antisense oligonucleotide chemistry that have significantly improved efficacy and safety. Moreover, we summarize recent approaches for the targeted delivery of antagomirs to cardiovascular tissues, highlighting major advantages as well as limitations of viral (i.e., adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus) and non-viral (i.e., liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and polymer nanoparticles) delivery systems. We discuss recent preclinical studies that use targeted antagomir delivery systems to treat three major cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac hypertrophy, including hypertrophy caused by hypertension), highlighting therapeutic results and discussing challenges that limit clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - David A Dichek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
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Goncalves BDS, Meadows A, Pereira DG, Puri R, Pillai SS. Insight into the Inter-Organ Crosstalk and Prognostic Role of Liver-Derived MicroRNAs in Metabolic Disease Progression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1597. [PMID: 37371692 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional hepatic metabolism has been linked to numerous diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide, which can progress to hepatic fibrosis, and is closely associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the liver secretes a wide array of metabolites, biomolecules, and microRNAs (miRNAs) and many of these secreted factors exert significant effects on metabolic processes both in the liver and in peripheral tissues. In this review, we summarize the involvement of liver-derived miRNAs in biological processes with an emphasis on delineating the communication between the liver and other tissues associated with metabolic disease progression. Furthermore, the review identifies the primary molecular targets by which miRNAs act. These consolidated findings from numerous studies provide insight into the underlying mechanism of various metabolic disease progression and suggest the possibility of using circulatory miRNAs as prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets for improving clinical intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Souza Goncalves
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Avery Meadows
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Duane G Pereira
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Raghav Puri
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Sneha S Pillai
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
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Ding N, Yin Z, Chen C. Targeting non-coding RNAs in sEVs: The biological functions and potential therapeutic strategy of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114836. [PMID: 37156118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as abnormalities in myocardial structure and function in the setting of diabetes and in the absence of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and valvular heart disease. DCM is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with diabetes. However, the underlying pathogenesis of DCM has not been fully elucidated. Recent studies have revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are closely associated with DCM and may act as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Here, we introduced the role of sEV-ncRNAs in DCM, summarized the current therapeutic advancements and limitations of sEV-related ncRNAs against DCM, and discussed their potential improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ding
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Ortega-Campos SM, Verdugo-Sivianes EM, Amiama-Roig A, Blanco JR, Carnero A. Interactions of circadian clock genes with the hallmarks of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188900. [PMID: 37105413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The molecular machinery of the circadian clock regulates the expression of many genes and processes in the organism, allowing the adaptation of cellular activities to the daily light-dark cycles. Disruption of the circadian rhythm can lead to various pathologies, including cancer. Thus, disturbance of the normal circadian clock at both genetic and environmental levels has been described as an independent risk factor for cancer. In addition, researchers have proposed that circadian genes may have a tissue-dependent and/or context-dependent role in tumorigenesis and may function both as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Finally, circadian clock core genes may trigger or at least be involved in different hallmarks of cancer. Hence, expanding the knowledge of the molecular basis of the circadian clock would be helpful to identify new prognostic markers of tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Ortega-Campos
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Eva M Verdugo-Sivianes
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Amiama-Roig
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño 26006, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - José R Blanco
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño 26006, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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24
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Hubert A, Achour D, Grare C, Zarcone G, Muntaner M, Hamroun A, Gauthier V, Amouyel P, Matran R, Zerimech F, Lo-Guidice JM, Dauchet L. The relationship between residential exposure to atmospheric pollution and circulating miRNA in adults living in an urban area in northern France. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107913. [PMID: 37037173 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs are epigenetic regulatory factors capable of silencing the expression of target genes and might mediate the effects of air pollution on health. The objective of the present population-based study was to investigate the association between microRNA expression and long-term, residential exposure to atmospheric PM10 and NO2. METHOD We included 998 non-smoking adult participants from the cross-sectional ELISABET survey (2010-2014) in the Lille urban area of France. The mean residential annual pollution levels were estimated with an atmospheric dispersion modelling system. Ten microRNAs were selected on the basis of the literature data, together with two housekeeping microRNAs (miR-93-5p and miR-191-5p) and were quantified with RT-qPCRs. Multivariate linear regression models were used to study the association between microRNAs and air pollution. The threshold for statistical significance (after correction for the FDR) was set to p < 0.1. RESULTS The mean annual exposure between 2011 and the year of inclusion was 26.4 ± 2.0 µg/m3 for PM10 and 24.7 ± 5.1 µg/m3 for NO2. Each 2 µg/m3 increment in PM10 exposure was associated with an 8.6% increment (95%CI [3.1; 14.3]; pFDR = 0.019) in miR-451a expression. A 5 µg/m3 increment in NO2 exposure was associated with a 5.3% increment ([0.7; 10]; pFDR = 0.056) in miR451a expression, a 3.6% decrement (95%CI [-6.1; -1.1]; pFDR = 0.052) in miR-223-3p expression, a 3.8% decrement (95%CI[-6.8; -0.7]; pFDR = 0.079) in miR-28-3p expression, a 4.3% decrement (95%CI [-7.7; -0.8]; pFDR = 0.055) in miR-146a-5p expression, and a 4.0% decrement (95% CI[-7.4; -0.4]; pFDR = 0.059) in miR-23a-5p expression. The difference between the two housekeeping microRNAs miR-93-5p and miR-191-5p was also associated with PM10 and NO2 exposure. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that circulating miRNAs are potentially valuable biomarkers of the effects of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Hubert
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Djamal Achour
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Céline Grare
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Gianni Zarcone
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Manon Muntaner
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Aghiles Hamroun
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Victoria Gauthier
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Régis Matran
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Farid Zerimech
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Lo-Guidice
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Luc Dauchet
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Specific Plasma MicroRNA Signatures Underlying the Clinical Outcomes of Hepatitis E Virus Infection. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0466422. [PMID: 36695578 PMCID: PMC9927377 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04664-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic mechanisms determining the diverse clinical outcomes of HEV infection (e.g., self-limiting versus chronic or symptomatic versus asymptomatic) are not yet understood. Because specific microRNA signatures during viral infection inform the cellular processes involved in virus replication and pathogenesis, we investigated plasma microRNA profiles in 44 subjects, including patients with symptomatic acute (AHE, n = 7) and chronic (CHE, n = 6) hepatitis E, blood donors with asymptomatic infection (HEV BDs, n = 9), and anti-HEV IgG+ IgM- (exposed BDs, n = 10) and anti-HEV IgG- IgM- (naive BDs, n = 12) healthy blood donors. By measuring the abundance of 179 microRNAs in AHE patients and naive BDs by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we identified 51 potential HEV-regulated microRNAs (P value adjusted for multiple testing by the Benjamini-Hochberg correction [PBH] < 0.05). Further analysis showed that HEV genotype 3 infection is associated with miR-122, miR-194, miR-885, and miR-30a upregulation and miR-221, miR-223, and miR-27a downregulation. AHE patients showed significantly higher levels of miR-122 and miR-194 and lower levels of miR-221, miR-27a, and miR-335 than HEV BDs. This specific microRNA signature in AHE could promote virus replication and reduce antiviral immune responses, contributing to the development of clinical symptoms. We found that miR-194, miR-335, and miR-221 can discriminate between asymptomatic HEV infections and those developing acute symptoms, whereas miR-335 correctly classifies AHE and CHE patients. Our data suggest that diverse outcomes of HEV infection result from different HEV-induced microRNA dysregulations. The specific microRNA signatures described offer novel information that may serve to develop biomarkers of HEV infection outcomes and improve our understanding of HEV pathogenesis, which may facilitate the identification of antiviral targets. IMPORTANCE There is increasing evidence that viruses dysregulate the expression and/or secretion of microRNAs to promote viral replication, immune evasion, and pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the change in microRNA abundance in patients with acute or chronic HEV infection and asymptomatic HEV-infected blood donors. Our results suggest that different HEV-induced microRNA dysregulations may contribute to the diverse clinical manifestations of HEV infection. The specific microRNA signatures identified in this study hold potential as predictive markers of HEV infection outcomes, which would improve the clinical management of hepatitis E patients, particularly of those developing severe symptoms or chronic infections. Furthermore, this study provides new insights into HEV pathogenesis that may serve to identify antiviral targets, which would have a major impact because no effective treatments are yet available.
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Cabiati M, Randazzo E, Guiducci L, Falleni A, Cecchettini A, Casieri V, Federico G, Del Ry S. Evaluation of Exosomal Coding and Non-Coding RNA Signature in Obese Adolescents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010139. [PMID: 36613584 PMCID: PMC9820564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity through their action as communication mediators. As we have previously demonstrated, in obese adolescents, some circulating miRNAs modified the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) expression and were associated with changes in metabolic functions. At present no data are available on miRNA transport by exosomes in this condition. To verify and compare the presence and the expression of CNP/NPR-B/NPR-C, and some miRNAs (miR-33a-3p/miR-223-5p/miR-142-5p/miRNA-4454/miRNA-181a-5p/miRNA-199-5p), in circulating exosomes obtained from the same cohort of obese (O, n = 22) and normal-weight adolescents (N, n = 22). For the first time, we observed that exosomes carried CNP and its specific receptors only randomly both in O and N, suggesting that exosomes are not important carriers for the CNP system. On the contrary, exosomal miRNAs resulted ubiquitously and differentially expressed in O and N. O showed a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in the expression of all miRNAs except for miR-4454 and miR-142-5p. We have found significant correlations among miRNAs themselves and with some inflammatory/metabolic factors of obesity. These relationships may help in finding new biomarkers, allowing us to recognize, at an early stage, obese children and adolescents at high risk to develop the disease complications in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cabiati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Emioli Randazzo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Letizia Guiducci
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Falleni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Cecchettini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Casieri
- Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-3152793; Fax: +39-050-3152166
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microRNAs Associated with Carotid Plaque Development and Vulnerability: The Clinician's Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415645. [PMID: 36555285 PMCID: PMC9779323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) related to atherosclerosis of large arteries is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability in developed countries. Atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) contributes to 20% of all cerebral ischemia cases. Nowadays, atherosclerosis prevention and treatment measures aim at controlling the atherosclerosis risk factors, or at the interventional (surgical or endovascular) management of mature occlusive lesions. There is a definite lack of the established circulating biomarkers which, once modulated, could prevent development of atherosclerosis, and consequently prevent the carotid-artery-related IS. Recent studies emphasize that microRNA (miRNA) are the emerging particles that could potentially play a pivotal role in this approach. There are some research studies on the association between the expression of small non-coding microRNAs with a carotid plaque development and vulnerability. However, the data remain inconsistent. In addition, all major studies on carotid atherosclerotic plaque were conducted on cell culture or animal models; very few were conducted on humans, whereas the accumulating evidence demonstrates that it cannot be automatically extrapolated to processes in humans. Therefore, this paper aims to review the current knowledge on how miRNA participate in the process of carotid plaque formation and rupture, as well as stroke occurrence. We discuss potential target miRNA that could be used as a prognostic or therapeutic tool.
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Fan Y, Qin M, Zhu J, Chen X, Luo J, Chen T, Sun J, Zhang Y, Xi Q. MicroRNA sensing and regulating microbiota-host crosstalk via diet motivation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4116-4133. [PMID: 36287029 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2139220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that diet-derived gut microbiota participates in the regulation of host metabolism and becomes the foundation for precision-based nutritional interventions and the biomarker for potential individual dietary recommendations. However, the specific mechanism of the gut microbiota-host crosstalk remains unclear. Recent studies have identified that noncoding RNAs, as important elements in the regulation of the initiation and termination of gene expression, mediate microbiota-host communication. Besides, the cross-kingdom regulation of non-host derived microRNAs also influence microbiota-host crosstalk via diet motivation. Hence, understanding the relationship between gut microbiota, miRNAs, and host metabolism is indispensable to revealing individual differences in dietary motivation and providing targeted recommendations and strategies. In this review, we first present an overview of the interaction between diet, host genetics, and gut microbiota and collected some latest research associated with microRNAs modulated gut microbiota and intestinal homeostasis. Then, specifically described the possible molecular mechanisms of microRNAs in sensing and regulating gut microbiota-host crosstalk. Lastly, summarized the prospect of microRNAs as biomarkers in disease diagnosis, and the disadvantages of microRNAs in regulating gut microbiota-host crosstalk. We speculated that microRNAs could become potential novel circulating biomarkers for personalized dietary strategies to achieve precise nutrition in future clinical research implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaotian Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengran Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Elbaz M, Faccini J, Laperche C, Grazide MH, Ruidavets JB, Vindis C. MiR-223 and MiR-186 Are Associated with Long-Term Mortality after Myocardial Infarction. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091243. [PMID: 36139082 PMCID: PMC9496068 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background—The identification and stratification of patients at risk of fatal outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI) is of considerable interest to guide secondary prevention therapies. Currently, no accurate biomarkers are available to identify subjects who are at risk of suffering acute manifestations of coronary heart disease as well as to predict adverse events after MI. Non-coding circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. The aims of the study were to investigate the clinical value of a panel of circulating miRNAs as accurate biomarkers associated with MI and mortality risk prediction in patients with documented MI. Methods and Results—seven circulating plasma miRNAs were analyzed in 67 MI patients and 80 control subjects at a high cardiovascular risk but without known coronary diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that six miRNAs were independently associated with MI occurrence. Among them, miR-223 and miR-186 reliably predicted long-term mortality in MI patients, in particular miR-223 (HR 1.57 per one-unit increase, p = 0.02), after left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) adjustment. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses provided a predictive threshold value of miR-223 expression (p = 0.028) for long-term mortality. Conclusions—Circulating miR-223 and miR-186 are promising predictive biomarkers for long-term mortality after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyer Elbaz
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Clémence Laperche
- Department of Cardiology, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Grazide
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Cécile Vindis
- Center for Clinical Investigation (CIC1436)/CARDIOMET, Rangueil University Hospital, 31400 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1048, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence:
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Rotllan N, Zhang X, Canfrán-Duque A, Goedeke L, Griñán R, Ramírez CM, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. Antagonism of miR-148a attenuates atherosclerosis progression in APOB TGApobec -/-Ldlr +/- mice: A brief report. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113419. [PMID: 36076541 PMCID: PMC11140622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE miR-148a-3p (miR-148a) is a hepatic and immune-enriched microRNA (miRNA) that regulates macrophage-related lipoprotein metabolism, cholesterol homeostasis, and inflammation. The contribution of miR-148a-3p to the progression of atherosclerosis is unknown. In this study, we determined whether miR-148a silencing mitigated atherogenesis in APOBTGApobec-/-Ldlr+/- mice. METHODS APOBTGApobec-/-Ldlr+/- mice were fed a typical Western-style diet for 22 weeks and injected with a nontargeting locked nucleic acid (LNA; LNA control) or miR-148a LNA (LNA 148a) for the last 10 weeks. At the end of the treatment, the mice were sacrificed, and circulating lipids, hepatic gene expression, and atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed. RESULTS Examination of atherosclerotic lesions revealed a significant reduction in plaque size, with marked remodeling of the lesions toward a more stable phenotype. Mechanistically, miR-148a levels influenced macrophage cholesterol efflux and the inflammatory response. Suppression of miR-148a in murine primary macrophages decreased mRNA levels of proinflammatory M1-like markers (Nos2, Il6, Cox2, and Tnf) and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory genes (Arg1, Retlna, and Mrc1). CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic silencing of miR148a mitigated the progression of atherosclerosis and promoted plaque stability. The antiatherogenic effect of miR-148a antisense therapy is likely mediated by the anti-inflammatory effects observed in macrophages treated with miR-148 LNA and independent of significant changes in circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Rotllan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alberto Canfrán-Duque
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raquel Griñán
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina M Ramírez
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; IMDEA Research Institute of Food and Health Sciences, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Meng H, Ruan J, Yan Z, Chen Y, Liu J, Li X, Meng F. New Progress in Early Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168939. [PMID: 36012202 PMCID: PMC9409135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary atherosclerosis is a potentially chronic circulatory condition that endangers human health. The biological cause underpinning cardiovascular disease is coronary atherosclerosis, and acute cardiovascular events can develop due to thrombosis, platelet aggregation, and unstable atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Coronary atherosclerosis is progressive, and three specific changes appear, with fat spots and stripes, atherosclerosis and thin-walled fiber atherosclerosis, and then complex changes in arteries. The progression and severity of cardiovascular disease are correlated with various levels of calcium accumulation in the coronary artery. The therapy and diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis benefit from the initial assessment of the size and degree of calcification. This article will discuss the new progress in the early diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis in terms of three aspects: imaging, gene and protein markers, and trace elements. This study intends to present the latest methods for diagnosing patients with early atherosclerosis through a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Meng
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jianjun Ruan
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Zhaohan Yan
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jinsha Liu
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Fanbo Meng
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15948346855
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Guo M, Fan S, Chen Q, Jia C, Qiu M, Bu Y, Tang WH, Zhang Y. Platelet-derived microRNA-223 attenuates TNF-α induced monocytes adhesion to arterial endothelium by targeting ICAM-1 in Kawasaki disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:922868. [PMID: 35983051 PMCID: PMC9379370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.922868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis that may result in permanent coronary artery damage with unknown etiology. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity are the hallmarks of KD. Platelets are involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction. MiR-223 transferred by platelet microparticles (PMPs) has been found to involve in the functional regulation of endothelial cells in sepsis. However, the role of platelet-derived miR-223 in endothelial dysfunction has not yet been investigated in KD. Objectives We seek to investigate the role of platelet-derived miR-223 in endothelial dysfunction of KD vasculopathy. Methods and results Forty-five acute KD patients and 45 matched controls were randomly recruited in the study. When co-cultured with human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), KD platelets with higher levels of miR-223 were incorporated into HCAECs, resulting in the horizontal transfer of miR-223. Using KD platelets, PMPs, and platelet-releasate from the same amount of blood co-cultured with HCAECs, we found the increased expression of miR-223 in HCAECs was primarily derived from KD platelets, rather than PMPs or free miRNAs from platelet- releasate. KD platelet-derived miR-223 attenuated TNF-α induced intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in HCAECs. KD platelet-derived miR-223 also suppressed the monocyte adhesion to HCAECs. In vivo, platelet-specific miR-223 knockout (PF4-cre: miR-223flox/flox) C57BL/6 mice and miR-223flox/flox C57BL/6 mice were used. Using Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE) to establish KD murine model, we showed that in LCWE-injected PF4-cre: miR-223flox/flox mice, deficiency of platelet-miR-223 exacerbates the medial thickening of the abdominal aorta, increased ICAM-1 expression with concomitant CD45+ inflammatory cells infiltration into the endothelium compared to LCWE-injected miR-223flox/flox mice. Conclusions The horizontal transfer of platelet-derived miR-223 suppresses the expression of ICAM-1 in HCAECs, which at least in part attenuates leukocyte adhesion, thereby reducing endothelial damage in KD vasculitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Guo
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunyang Fan
- Heart Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiping Jia
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaoyun Qiu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Bu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Ho Tang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Heart Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wai Ho Tang, ; Yuan Zhang,
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wai Ho Tang, ; Yuan Zhang,
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Dai Y, Ma X, Zhang J, Yu S, Zhu Y, Wang J. hsa_circ_0115355 promotes pancreatic β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes through the miR-145/SIRT1 axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24583. [PMID: 35778952 PMCID: PMC9396171 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disease closely related to obesity, a growing global health problem. T2DM is characterized by decreased islet beta‐cell mass and impaired insulin release from these cells, and this dysfunction is exacerbated by hyperglycemia (glucolipotoxicity). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abnormally expressed and play a regulatory role in T2DM. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the function and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0115355 in the progression of T2DM. Methods The regulatory effect of hsa_circ_0115355 on INS‐1 cell function was assessed under glucolipotoxicity by MTT, flow cytometry analysis, and insulin secretion assay. Dual‐luciferase experiments revealed a direct interaction of hsa_circ_0115355 with miR‐145 and miR‐145 with SIRT1. Furthermore, the regulatory role of the hsa_circ_0115355/miR‐145/SIRT1 axis was verified by examining the function of INS‐1. Results In this study, hsa_circ_0115355 was significantly underexpressed in both patients with T2DM and INS‐1 cell lines. This study thus showed that hsa_circ_0115355 inhibits the occurrence and development of T2DM by regulating the expression of SIRT1 by adsorbing miR‐145. Conclusion The underexpression hsa_circ_0115355 is also a potential novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xudan Ma
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Shuting Yu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuchao Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China
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Nguyen MA, Hoang HD, Rasheed A, Duchez AC, Wyatt H, Lynn Cottee M, Graber TE, Susser L, Robichaud S, Berber İ, Geoffrion M, Ouimet M, Kazan H, Maegdefessel L, Mulvihill EE, Alain T, Rayner KJ. miR-223 Exerts Translational Control of Proatherogenic Genes in Macrophages. Circ Res 2022; 131:42-58. [PMID: 35611698 PMCID: PMC9213086 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A significant burden of atherosclerotic disease is driven by inflammation. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important factors driving and protecting from atherosclerosis. miR-223 regulates cholesterol metabolism and inflammation via targeting both cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and NFkB signaling pathways; however, its role in atherosclerosis has not been investigated. We hypothesize that miR-223 globally regulates core inflammatory pathways in macrophages in response to inflammatory and atherogenic stimuli thus limiting the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- My-Anh Nguyen
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Huy-Dung Hoang
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (H.-D.H., T.E.G., T.A.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Adil Rasheed
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Anne-Claire Duchez
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.)
| | - Hailey Wyatt
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Mary Lynn Cottee
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.)
| | - Tyson E Graber
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (H.-D.H., T.E.G., T.A.)
| | - Leah Susser
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Sabrina Robichaud
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - İbrahim Berber
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Program, Antalya Bilim University, Turkey (I.B.)
| | - Michele Geoffrion
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.)
| | - Mireille Ouimet
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Hilal Kazan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Antalya Bilim University, Turkey (H.K.)
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany (L.M.).,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.)
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Tommy Alain
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada (H.-D.H., T.E.G., T.A.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
| | - Katey J Rayner
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada (M.-A.N., A.R., A.-C.D., H.W., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.G., M.O., E.E.M., K.J.R.).,Centre for Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (K.J.R.).,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.-A.N., H.-D.H., A.R., M.L.C., L.S., S.R., M.O., E.E.M., T.A., K.J.R.)
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Aliakbari M, Saghebjoo M, Sarir H, Hedayati M. Hydroalcoholic extract of dill and aerobic training prevents high-fat diet-induced metabolic risk factors by improving miR-33 and miR-223 expression in rat liver. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14195. [PMID: 35460089 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training and medicinal herb supplementation may improve microRNAs (miRNAs) expression associated with obesity. This study aimed to assess the effects of 10 weeks of aerobic training (AT) and dill extract (DE) on miR-33 and miR-223 expression of liver in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Forty male Wistar rats were fed a defined high-fat (n = 32) and standard (n = 8, nonobese control [NC]) diet. After obesity induction, obese rats were randomly allocated to four groups: AT, DE, AT + DE, and obese control (OC). Rats were euthanized and plasma and liver tissue samples were collected after the intervention. The liver expression of miR-33 was lower in the AT, DE, AT + DE, and NC groups compared with the OC group. Also, the liver miR-223 expression was higher in the AT, DE, AT + DE, and NC groups compared with the OC group. Moreover, the liver expression of miR-223 in the AT + DE group was higher compared with the AT and DE groups. The AT, DE, AT + DE, and NC groups had lower liver TC compared with the OC group. Also, the plasma level of apolipoprotein B (Apo B) was significantly lower, and liver HDL-C was significantly higher in the AT + DE and NC groups compared with the OC group. These findings show that long-term AT combined with the intake of DE may improve the plasma levels of Apo B, and TC and HDL-C levels in the liver, which is probably due to AT and DE positive effects on miR-33 and miR-223 in the liver of obese rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Aerobic training reduces overweight and obesity health problems, however, the duration and intensity of the exercise training distinguish between individuals. We used an integrated approach combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological as a medical strategy to prevent HFD-induced metabolic injury in obese rats. The present results discovered that a combination of AT + DE intervention improves the miR-33 and miR-223 in the liver of obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Aliakbari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Saghebjoo
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hadi Sarir
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gu J, Xu H, Chen Y, Li N, Hou X. MiR-223 as a Regulator and Therapeutic Target in Liver Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:860661. [PMID: 35371024 PMCID: PMC8965842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.860661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding single-stranded small molecule RNAs consisting of 20–24 nucleotides that are highly conserved in species evolution. Expression of miRNAs is strictly tissue-specific, and it is chronological in fungi and plants, as well as in animals. MiR-223 has been shown to play a key role in innate immunity, and dysregulation of its expression contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory diseases, and cancers. In this article the biosynthesis and functions of miR-223 in innate immunity are reviewed, and the role of miR-223 in liver physiopathology and therapeutic prospects are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Gu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Xu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yandong Chen
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xin Hou
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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37
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Chen Y, Sun D, Shang D, Jiang Z, Miao P, Gao J. miR-223-3p alleviates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition by targeting SP3 in endometrial epithelial cells. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:518-526. [PMID: 35350836 PMCID: PMC8919841 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is the clinical manifestation of endometrial fibrosis. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been confirmed to implicate in a diversity of human diseases, including IUA. Nevertheless, the specific function of miR-223-3p in IUA remains to be clarified. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis displayed the downregulation of miR-223-3p in IUA tissues and endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). Results from wound healing assay, Transwell assay and western blotting showed that TGF-β facilitated the migration and invasion of EECs and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Overexpression of miR-223-3p in EECs was shown to suppress the effects induced by TGF-β. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed the binding relation between miR-223-3p and SP3. SP3 was highly expressed in IUA and its expression was inversely correlated with miR-223-3p expression in IUA tissue samples. Additionally, upregulation of SP3 reversed the influence of miR-223-3p on the phenotypes of EECs. In conclusion, miR-223-3p alleviates TGF-β-induced cell migration, invasion, EMT process and ECM deposition in EECs by targeting SP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Dongyan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Hubei Province, 745 Wuluo Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Di Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Zhihe Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Pan Miao
- Yangtze University Health Science Center, Jingzhou 430199, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
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Differential Expression of miRNA-223 in Coronary In-Stent Restenosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030849. [PMID: 35160300 PMCID: PMC8836934 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is an unfavorable complication that occurs in patients after coronary stenting. Despite the progress with advent of modern DES and new antiplatelet agents, restenosis still hampers PCI short- and long-term results. The aim of this study was to investigate whether circulating miRNA-223, which is associated with HDL particles and involved in cholesterol efflux pathway, have diagnostic capability for determining ISR. Methods: This case–control study comprised 21 ISR and 26 NISR patients. The level of miRNA-223 expression was evaluated by TaqMan Real-Time PCR, quantified by the comparative method (fold change) and normalized to U6 expression. Results: Patients in ISR and NISR groups were not different in terms of demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters, except that the percentage of patients who had DES was significantly greater in the NISR group (88.9%) in comparison with the ISR group (50%). The serum expression of miRNA-223 in ISR patients was 3.277 ± 0.9 times greater than that in NISR group (p = 0.016). In addition, the results of binary logistic regression demonstrated that the high level of serum miRNA-223 was strongly and positively associated with the ISR risk (OR: 17.818, 95% CI: 1.115–284.623, p = 0.042) after adjustment for age, sex, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBS, and statin consumption. Conclusion: Elevated serum level of miRNA-223 might be helpful in predicting the occurrence of ISR. Further confirmation in future large-scale studies is warranted.
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Rodríguez-Sanabria JS, Escutia-Gutiérrez R, Rosas-Campos R, Armendáriz-Borunda JS, Sandoval-Rodríguez A. An Update in Epigenetics in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:770504. [PMID: 35087844 PMCID: PMC8787199 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.770504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis accompanied by one of three features: overweight or obesity, T2DM, or lean or normal weight with evidence of metabolic dysregulation. It is distinguished by excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes, and a decrease in the liver's ability to oxidize fats, the accumulation of ectopic fat, and the activation of proinflammatory pathways. Chronic damage will keep this pathophysiologic cycle active causing progression from hepatic steatosis to cirrhosis and eventually, hepatocarcinoma. Epigenetics affecting gene expression without altering DNA sequence allows us to study MAFLD pathophysiology from a different perspective, in which DNA methylation processes, histone modifications, and miRNAs expression have been closely associated with MAFLD progression. However, these considerations also faced us with the circumstance that modifying those epigenetics patterns might lead to MAFLD regression. Currently, epigenetics is an area of great interest because it could provide new insights in therapeutic targets and non-invasive biomarkers. This review comprises an update on the role of epigenetic patterns, as well as innovative therapeutic targets and biomarkers in MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Samael Rodríguez-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Escutia-Gutiérrez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Rosas-Campos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan S Armendáriz-Borunda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.,School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Ana Sandoval-Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Molecular Biology in Medicine and Gene Therapy, CUCS, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Peng Q, Yin R, Zhu X, Jin L, Wang J, Pan X, Ma A. miR-155 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by regulating the MEK/ERK/NF-κB pathway in carotid atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE−/− mice. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:365-375. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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HDL and microRNAs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:153-161. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluation of muscle-specific and metabolism regulating microRNAs in a chronic swimming rat model. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 43:21-33. [PMID: 34893938 PMCID: PMC8897377 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Making benefit from the epigenetic effects of environmental factors such as physical activity may result in a considerable improvement in the prevention of chronic civilization diseases. In our chronic swimming rat model, the expression levels of such microRNAs were characterized, that are involved in skeletal muscle differentiation, hypertrophy and fine-tuning of metabolism, which processes are influenced by chronic endurance training, contributing to the metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle during physical activity. After chronic swimming, the level of miR-128a increased significantly in EDL muscles, which may influence metabolic adaptation and stress response as well. In SOL, the expression level of miR-15b and miR-451 decreased significantly after chronic swimming, which changes are opposite to their previously described increment in insulin resistant skeletal muscle. MiR-451 also targets PGC-1α mRNA, whiches expression level significantly increased in SOL muscles, resulting in enhanced biogenesis and oxidative capacity of mitochondria. In summary, the microRNA expression changes that were observed during our experiments suggest that chronic swim training contributes to a beneficial metabolic profile of skeletal muscle.
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Rozhkova AV, Dmitrieva VG, Nosova EV, Dergunov AD, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Genomic Variants and Multilevel Regulation of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SCARB1 Expression in Atherogenesis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8120170. [PMID: 34940525 PMCID: PMC8707585 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atheroprotective properties of human plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are determined by their involvement in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from the macrophage to the liver. ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI cholesterol transporters are involved in cholesterol efflux from macrophages to lipid-free ApoA-I and HDL as a first RCT step. Molecular determinants of RCT efficiency that may possess diagnostic and therapeutic meaning remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the progress in studying the genomic variants of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SCARB1, and the regulation of their function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in atherosclerosis. Defects in the structure and function of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI are caused by changes in the gene sequence, such as single nucleotide polymorphism or various mutations. In the transcription initiation of transporter genes, in addition to transcription factors, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), transcription activators, and repressors are also involved. Furthermore, transcription is substantially influenced by the methylation of gene promoter regions. Post-transcriptional regulation involves microRNAs and lncRNAs, including circular RNAs. The potential biomarkers and targets for atheroprotection, based on molecular mechanisms of expression regulation for three transporter genes, are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra V. Rozhkova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Veronika G. Dmitrieva
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Elena V. Nosova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Alexander D. Dergunov
- Laboratory of Structural Fundamentals of Lipoprotein Metabolism, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
| | - Liudmila V. Dergunova
- Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.R.); (V.G.D.); (E.V.N.); (S.A.L.); (L.V.D.)
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Cione E, Cannataro R, Gallelli L, De Sarro G, Caroleo MC. Exosome microRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome as Tools for the Early Monitoring of Diabetes and Possible Therapeutic Options. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121257. [PMID: 34959658 PMCID: PMC8706321 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles produced and released by almost all cell types. They play an essential role in cell-cell communications by delivering cellular bioactive compounds such as functional proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids, including microRNA, to recipient cells. Thus, they are involved in various physio-pathological conditions. Exosome-miRNAs are associated with numerous diseases, including type 2 diabetes, a complex multifactorial metabolic disorder linked to obesity. In addition, exosome-miRNAs are emerging as essential regulators in the progression of diabetes, principally for pancreatic β-cell injury and insulin resistance. Here, we have clustered the recent findings concerning exosome-miRNAs associated with β-cell dysfunction to provide a novel approach for the early diagnosis and therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
- GalaScreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberto Cannataro
- GalaScreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro and Operative Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro and Operative Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, CZ, Italy; (L.G.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Maria Cristina Caroleo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
- GalaScreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
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Zhao F, Ma S, Zhou Y, Wei B, Hao Z, Cui X, Xing L, Liu G, Jin L, Ma T, Shi L. miRNA-223 Suppresses Mouse Gallstone Formation by Targeting Key Transporters in Hepatobiliary Cholesterol Secretion Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4459-4473. [PMID: 34803510 PMCID: PMC8579439 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNA-223 has been previously reported to play an essential role in hepatic cholesterol homeostasis. However, its role in regulation of biliary cholesterol secretion and gallstone formation remains unknown. Hence, mice with conventional knockout (KO), hepatocyte-specific knockout (ΔHepa) / knockdown (KD) or gain expression of miRNA-223 were included in the study and were subjected to lithogenic diet (LD) for various weeks. The gall bladders and liver tissues were harvested for cholesterol crystal imaging, gallstone mass measurement and molecular analysis. Levels of cholesterol, bile salt, phospholipids, and triglyceride were determined in serum, liver tissues, and bile by enzyme color reactive assays. A 3' UTR reporter gene assay was used to verify the direct target genes for miRNA-223. LD-induced gallstone formation was remarkably accelerated in miRNA-223 KO, ΔHepa, and KD mice with concurrent enhancement in total cholesterol levels in liver tissues and bile. Key biliary cholesterol transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8 were identified as direct targets of miRNA-223. Reversely, AAV-mediated hepatocyte-specific miRNA-223 overexpression prevented gallstone progression with reduced targets expression. Therefore, the present study demonstrates a novel role of miRNA-223 in the gallstone formation by targeting ABCG5 and ABCG8 and elevating miRNA-223 would be a potentially novel approach to overcome the sternness of cholesterol gallstone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shiyu Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuling Zhou
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Bailing Wei
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhen Hao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lina Xing
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lingling Jin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
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Alternative Method for HDL and Exosome Isolation with Small Serum Volumes and Their Characterizations. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8110204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and exosomes are promising sources of biomarkers. However, the limited sample volume and access to the ultracentrifuge equipment are still an issue during HDL and exosome isolation. This study aimed to isolate HDL and exosomes using an ultracentrifugation-free method with various small serum volumes. HDL was isolated from 200 µL (HDL200) and 500 µL (HDL500) of sera. Three different volumes: 50 µL (Exo50), 100 µL (Exo100), and 250 µL (Exo250) were used for exosome isolation. HDL and exosomes were isolated using commercial kits with the modified method and characterized by multiple approaches. The HDL levels of HDL200 and HDL500 were not significantly different (p > 0.05), with percent recoveries of >90%. HDL200 and HDL500 had the same protein pattern with a biochemical similarity of 99.60 ± 0.10%. The particle sizes of Exo50, Exo100, and Exo250 were in the expected range. All isolated exosomes exhibited a similar protein pattern with a biochemical similarity of >99%. In conclusion, two different serum volumes (200 and 500 µL) and three different serum volumes (50, 100, and 250 µL) can be employed for HDL and exosome isolation, respectively. The possibility of HDL and exosome isolation with small volumes will accelerate biomarker discoveries with various molecular diagnostic approaches.
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Díez-Ricote L, Ruiz-Valderrey P, Micó V, Blanco-Rojo R, Tomé-Carneiro J, Dávalos A, Ordovás JM, Daimiel L. Trimethylamine n-Oxide (TMAO) Modulates the Expression of Cardiovascular Disease-Related microRNAs and Their Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011145. [PMID: 34681805 PMCID: PMC8539082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a well-known risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Some microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described to regulate molecular pathways related to CVDs. Diet can modulate miRNAs and their target genes. Choline, betaine, and l-carnitine, nutrients found in animal products, are metabolized into trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO), which has been associated with CVD risk. The aim of this study was to investigate TMAO regulation of CVD-related miRNAs and their target genes in cellular models of liver and macrophages. We treated HEPG-2, THP-1, mouse liver organoids, and primary human macrophages with 6 µM TMAO at different timepoints (4, 8, and 24 h for HEPG-2 and mouse liver organoids, 12 and 24 h for THP-1, and 12 h for primary human macrophages) and analyzed the expression of a selected panel of CVD-related miRNAs and their target genes and proteins by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. HEPG-2 cells were transfected with anti-miR-30c and syn-miR-30c. TMAO increased the expression of miR-21-5p and miR-30c-5p. PER2, a target gene of both, decreased its expression with TMAO in HEPG-2 and mice liver organoids but increased its mRNA expression with syn-miR-30c. We concluded that TMAO modulates the expression of miRNAs related to CVDs, and that such modulation affects their target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Díez-Ricote
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.-R.); (P.R.-V.); (V.M.); (R.B.-R.); (J.M.O.)
| | - Paloma Ruiz-Valderrey
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.-R.); (P.R.-V.); (V.M.); (R.B.-R.); (J.M.O.)
| | - Víctor Micó
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.-R.); (P.R.-V.); (V.M.); (R.B.-R.); (J.M.O.)
| | - Ruth Blanco-Rojo
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.-R.); (P.R.-V.); (V.M.); (R.B.-R.); (J.M.O.)
- Research and Development Department, Biosearch Life, 18004 Granada, Spain
| | - João Tomé-Carneiro
- Bioactive Food Ingredients Group, Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism Group, Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José M. Ordovás
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.-R.); (P.R.-V.); (V.M.); (R.B.-R.); (J.M.O.)
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM_USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (L.D.-R.); (P.R.-V.); (V.M.); (R.B.-R.); (J.M.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-(91)-7278100 (ext. 309)
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Wong LM, Phoon LQ, Wei LK. Epigenetics Modifications in Large-Artery Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:106033. [PMID: 34598837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In recent years, the evidence of the relationship between epigenetics and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were accumulating, however, the epigenetic characteristics that directs specifically towards the aetiology of large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) remain ambiguous. The aim of this study was to highlight the overall evidence concerning the epigenetic mechanisms associated with the occurrence of LAA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies that involve investigations related to epigenetic markers (DNA methylation and RNA modifications) and LAA were retrieved from eleven scientific publication databases. The studies were screened through the pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria prior to the NOS evaluation. RESULTS Eligible studies (n=25) were evaluated. Of which, six reported on DNA methylation and 19 studies assessed RNA modifications (16 on miRNAs, two on lncRNAs, and one study on circRNA). Hypomethylation of MTRNR2L8 and ERα promoters; microRNAs (miR-7-2-3p, miR-16, miR-34a-5p, miR-126, miR-143, miR-200b, miR-223, miR-503, miR-1908, miR-146a rs2910164 C/G, miR-149 rs2292832 T/C, miR-200b rs7549819 T/C, miR-34a rs2666433); lncRNA of ZFAS1; and circRNA of hsa_circRNA_102488 were associated with LAA significantly. CONCLUSION Current systematic review highlighted hypomethylation of miRNAs and lncRNA might be the potential biomarkers for LAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Min Wong
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar, Perak 31900, Malaysia
| | - Lee Quen Phoon
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar, Perak 31900, Malaysia
| | - Loo Keat Wei
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar, Perak 31900, Malaysia.
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Dong XC, Chowdhury K, Huang M, Kim HG. Signal Transduction and Molecular Regulation in Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:689-717. [PMID: 33906425 PMCID: PMC8558079 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Fatty liver disease is a major liver disorder in the modern societies. Comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms is essential for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Recent Advances: Remarkable progress has been made in the recent years in basic and translational research in the field of fatty liver disease. Multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in the development of fatty liver disease, including AMP-activated protein kinase, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, transforming growth factor β, and yes1-associated transcriptional regulator/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ). In addition, critical molecular regulations at the transcriptional and epigenetic levels have been linked to the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. Critical Issues: Some critical issues remain to be solved so that research findings can be translated into clinical applications. Robust and reliable biomarkers are needed for diagnosis of different stages of the fatty liver disease. Effective and safe molecular targets remain to be identified and validated. Prevention strategies require solid scientific evidence and population-wide feasibility. Future Directions: As more data are generated with time, integrative approaches are needed to comprehensively understand the disease pathophysiology and mechanisms at multiple levels from population, organismal system, organ/tissue, to cell. The interactions between genes and environmental factors require deeper investigation for the purposes of prevention and personalized treatment of fatty liver disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 689-717.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Charlie Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kushan Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Menghao Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hyeong Geug Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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50
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He Y, Rodrigues RM, Wang X, Seo W, Ma J, Hwang S, Fu Y, Trojnár E, Mátyás C, Zhao S, Ren R, Feng D, Pacher P, Kunos G, Gao B. Neutrophil-to-hepatocyte communication via LDLR-dependent miR-223-enriched extracellular vesicle transfer ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:141513. [PMID: 33301423 DOI: 10.1172/jci141513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil infiltration around lipotoxic hepatocytes is a hallmark of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, how these 2 types of cells communicate remains obscure. We have previously demonstrated that neutrophil-specific microRNA-223 (miR-223) is elevated in hepatocytes to limit NASH progression in obese mice. Here, we demonstrated that this elevation of miR-223 in hepatocytes was due to preferential uptake of miR-223-enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from neutrophils as well other types of cells, albeit to a lesser extent. This selective uptake was dependent on the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) on hepatocytes and apolipoprotein E (APOE) on neutrophil-derived EVs, which was enhanced by free fatty acids. Once internalized by hepatocytes, the EV-derived miR-223 acted to inhibit hepatic inflammatory and fibrogenic gene expression. In the absence of this LDLR- and APOE-dependent uptake of miR-223-enriched EVs, the progression of steatosis to NASH was accelerated. In contrast, augmentation of this transfer by treatment with an inhibitor of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, a drug used to lower blood cholesterol by upregulating LDLR, ameliorated NASH in mice. This specific role of LDLR and APOE in the selective control of miR-223-enriched EV transfer from neutrophils to hepatocytes may serve as a potential therapeutic target for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases
| | | | | | | | - Jing Ma
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases
| | | | | | - Eszter Trojnár
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, and
| | - Csaba Mátyás
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, and
| | - Suxian Zhao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, and
| | | | | | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, and
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases
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