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Pang H, Dai X, Yan X, Liu Y, Li Q. C2H2 zinc finger protein PagIDD15A regulates secondary wall thickening and lignin biosynthesis in poplar. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112159. [PMID: 38901779 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Wood production is largely determined by the activity of cambial cell proliferation, and the secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening of xylem cells determines the wood property. In this study, we identified an INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) type C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor PagIDD15A as a regulator of wood formation in Populus alba × Populus glandulosa. Downregulation of PagIDD15A expression by RNA interference (RNAi) inhibited xylem development and xylem cell secondary wall thickening. RNA-seq analysis showed that PagPAL1, PagCCR2 and PagCCoAOMT1 were downregulated in the differentiating xylem of the PagIDD15A-RNAi transgenic plants, showing that PagIDD15A may regulate SCW biosynthesis through inhibiting lignin biosynthesis. The downregulation of PagVND6-B2, PagMYB10 and PagMYC4 and upregulation of PagWRKY12 in the differentiating xylem of RNAi transgenic plants suggest that PagIDD15A may also regulate these transcription factor (TF) genes to affect SCW thickening. RT-qPCR analysis in the phloem-cambium of RNAi transgenic demonstrates that PagIDD15A may regulate the expression of the genes associated with cell proliferation, including, PagSHR (SHORTROOT), PagSCR (SCARECROW), PagCYCD3;1 (CYCLIN D3;1) and PagSMR4 (SIAMESE-RELATED4), to affect the cambial activity. This study provides the knowledge of the IDD-type C2H2 zinc finger protein in regulating wood formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xinren Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Quanzi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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2
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Armendariz I, López de Heredia U, Soler M, Puigdemont A, Ruiz MM, Jové P, Soto Á, Serra O, Figueras M. Rhytidome- and cork-type barks of holm oak, cork oak and their hybrids highlight processes leading to cork formation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:488. [PMID: 38825683 PMCID: PMC11145776 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periderm is basic for land plants due to its protective role during radial growth, which is achieved by the polymers deposited in the cell walls. In most trees, like holm oak, the first periderm is frequently replaced by subsequent internal periderms yielding a heterogeneous outer bark made of a mixture of periderms and phloem tissues, known as rhytidome. Exceptionally, cork oak forms a persistent or long-lived periderm which results in a homogeneous outer bark of thick phellem cell layers known as cork. Cork oak and holm oak distribution ranges overlap to a great extent, and they often share stands, where they can hybridize and produce offspring showing a rhytidome-type bark. RESULTS Here we use the outer bark of cork oak, holm oak, and their natural hybrids to analyse the chemical composition, the anatomy and the transcriptome, and further understand the mechanisms underlying periderm development. We also include a unique natural hybrid individual corresponding to a backcross with cork oak that, interestingly, shows a cork-type bark. The inclusion of hybrid samples showing rhytidome-type and cork-type barks is valuable to approach cork and rhytidome development, allowing an accurate identification of candidate genes and processes. The present study underscores that abiotic stress and cell death are enhanced in rhytidome-type barks whereas lipid metabolism and cell cycle are enriched in cork-type barks. Development-related DEGs showing the highest expression, highlight cell division, cell expansion, and cell differentiation as key processes leading to cork or rhytidome-type barks. CONCLUSION Transcriptome results, in agreement with anatomical and chemical analyses, show that rhytidome and cork-type barks are active in periderm development, and suberin and lignin deposition. Development and cell wall-related DEGs suggest that cell division and expansion are upregulated in cork-type barks whereas cell differentiation is enhanced in rhytidome-type barks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Armendariz
- Laboratori del suro, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Campmany 40, Girona, 17003, Spain
| | - Unai López de Heredia
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales. ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, José Antonio Novais 10, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Marçal Soler
- Laboratori del suro, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Campmany 40, Girona, 17003, Spain
| | - Adrià Puigdemont
- Laboratori del suro, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Campmany 40, Girona, 17003, Spain
| | - Maria Mercè Ruiz
- Institut Català del Suro. Carrer Miquel Vincke i Meyer 13, Palafrugell, 17200, Spain
| | - Patricia Jové
- Institut Català del Suro. Carrer Miquel Vincke i Meyer 13, Palafrugell, 17200, Spain
| | - Álvaro Soto
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales. ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, José Antonio Novais 10, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Olga Serra
- Laboratori del suro, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Campmany 40, Girona, 17003, Spain
| | - Mercè Figueras
- Laboratori del suro, Departament de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Campmany 40, Girona, 17003, Spain.
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Han E, Geng Z, Qin Y, Wang Y, Ma S. Single-cell network analysis reveals gene expression programs for Arabidopsis root development and metabolism. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:100978. [PMID: 38783601 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets of Arabidopsis roots have been generated, but related comprehensive gene co-expression network analyses are lacking. We conducted a single-cell gene co-expression network analysis with publicly available scRNA-seq datasets of Arabidopsis roots using a SingleCellGGM algorithm. The analysis identified 149 gene co-expression modules, which we considered to be gene expression programs (GEPs). By examining their spatiotemporal expression, we identified GEPs specifically expressed in major root cell types along their developmental trajectories. These GEPs define gene programs regulating root cell development at different stages and are enriched with relevant developmental regulators. As examples, a GEP specific for the quiescent center (QC) contains 20 genes regulating QC and stem cell niche homeostasis, and four GEPs are expressed in sieve elements (SEs) from early to late developmental stages, with the early-stage GEP containing 17 known SE developmental regulators. We also identified GEPs for metabolic pathways with cell-type-specific expression, suggesting the existence of cell-type-specific metabolism in roots. Using the GEPs, we discovered and verified a columella-specific gene, NRL27, as a regulator of the auxin-related root gravitropism response. Our analysis thus systematically reveals GEPs that regulate Arabidopsis root development and metabolism and provides ample resources for root biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ershang Han
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhenxing Geng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yue Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yuewei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shisong Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230027, China; School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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Chen M, Dai Y, Liao J, Wu H, Lv Q, Huang Y, Liu L, Feng Y, Lv H, Zhou B, Peng D. TARGET OF MONOPTEROS: key transcription factors orchestrating plant development and environmental response. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2214-2234. [PMID: 38195092 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Plants have an incredible ability to sustain root and vascular growth after initiation of the embryonic root and the specification of vascular tissue in early embryos. Microarray assays have revealed that a group of transcription factors, TARGET OF MONOPTEROS (TMO), are important for embryonic root initiation in Arabidopsis. Despite the discovery of their auxin responsiveness early on, their function and mode of action remained unknown for many years. The advent of genome editing has accelerated the study of TMO transcription factors, revealing novel functions for biological processes such as vascular development, root system architecture, and response to environmental cues. This review covers recent achievements in understanding the developmental function and the genetic mode of action of TMO transcription factors in Arabidopsis and other plant species. We highlight the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of TMO transcription factors in relation to their function, mainly in Arabidopsis. Finally, we provide suggestions for further research and potential applications in plant genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yani Dai
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiamin Liao
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lichang Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongxuan Lv
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, 438107, Huaihua, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Applied Technology for Forestry and Ecology in Southern China, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Forestry Biotechnology Hunan Key Laboratories, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Peng
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, 438107, Huaihua, Hunan, China
- Forestry Biotechnology Hunan Key Laboratories, Hunan, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Sun Y, Yang B, De Rybel B. Hormonal control of the molecular networks guiding vascular tissue development in the primary root meristem of Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6964-6974. [PMID: 37343122 PMCID: PMC7615341 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Vascular tissues serve a dual function in plants, both providing physical support and controlling the transport of nutrients, water, hormones, and other small signaling molecules. Xylem tissues transport water from root to shoot; phloem tissues transfer photosynthates from shoot to root; while divisions of the (pro)cambium increase the number of xylem and phloem cells. Although vascular development constitutes a continuous process from primary growth in the early embryo and meristem regions to secondary growth in the mature plant organs, it can be artificially separated into distinct processes including cell type specification, proliferation, patterning, and differentiation. In this review, we focus on how hormonal signals orchestrate the molecular regulation of vascular development in the Arabidopsis primary root meristem. Although auxin and cytokinin have taken center stage in this aspect since their discovery, other hormones including brassinosteroids, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid also take leading roles during vascular development. All these hormonal cues synergistically or antagonistically participate in the development of vascular tissues, forming a complex hormonal control network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbiao Sun
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Baojun Yang
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert De Rybel
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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Liu W, Cai G, Zhai N, Wang H, Tang T, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Sun L, Zhang Y, Beeckman T, Xu L. Genome and transcriptome of Selaginella kraussiana reveal evolution of root apical meristems in vascular plants. Curr Biol 2023; 33:4085-4097.e5. [PMID: 37716350 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of roots allowed vascular plants to adapt to land environments. Fossil evidence indicates that roots evolved independently in euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and lycophytes, the two lineages of extant vascular plants. Based on a high-quality genome assembly, mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) data, and single-cell RNA-seq data for the lycophyte Selaginella kraussiana, we show that the two root origin events in lycophytes and euphyllophytes adopted partially similar molecular modules in the regulation of root apical meristem (RAM) development. In S. kraussiana, the RAM initiates from the rhizophore primordium guided by auxin and duplicates itself by dichotomous branching. The auxin signaling pathway directly upregulates euAINTEGUMENTAb (SkeuANTb), and then SkeuANTb directly promotes the expression of SkeuANTa and the WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX13b (SkWOX13b) for RAM maintenance, partially similar to the molecular pathway involving the euANT-branch PLETHORA (AtPLT) genes and AtWOX5 in root initiation in the seed plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Other molecular modules, e.g., SHORT-ROOT and SCARECROW, also have partially similar expression patterns in the RAMs of S. kraussiana and A. thaliana. Overall, our study not only provides genome and transcriptome tools of S. kraussiana but also indicates the employment of some common molecular modules in RAMs during root origins in lycophytes and euphyllophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gui Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Zhai
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tengfei Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuyun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lin Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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7
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Wallner ES, Dolan L, Bergmann DC. Arabidopsis stomatal lineage cells establish bipolarity and segregate differential signaling capacity to regulate stem cell potential. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1643-1656.e5. [PMID: 37607546 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Cell polarity combined with asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) generates cellular diversity. In the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage, a single cortical polarity domain marked by BASL orients ACDs and is segregated to the larger daughter to enforce cell fate. We discovered a second, oppositely positioned polarity domain defined by OCTOPUS-LIKE (OPL) proteins, which forms prior to ACD and is segregated to the smaller (meristemoid) daughter. Genetic and misexpression analyses show that OPLs promote meristemoid-amplifying divisions and delay stomatal fate progression. Polarity mediates OPL segregation into meristemoids but is not required for OPL function. OPL localization and activity are largely independent of other stomatal polarity genes and of the brassinosteroid signaling components associated with OPLs in other contexts. While OPLs are unique to seed plants, ectopic expression in the liverwort Marchantia suppressed epidermal fate progression, suggesting that OPLs engage ancient and broadly conserved pathways to regulate cell division and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Sophie Wallner
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA; Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Wien, Austria; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Liam Dolan
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Dominique C Bergmann
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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8
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Li R, Wang Z, Wang JW, Li L. Combining single-cell RNA sequencing with spatial transcriptome analysis reveals dynamic molecular maps of cambium differentiation in the primary and secondary growth of trees. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100665. [PMID: 37491818 PMCID: PMC10504605 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Primary and secondary growth of the tree stem are responsible for corresponding increases in trunk height and diameter. However, our molecular understanding of the biological processes that underlie these two types of growth is incomplete. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing to reveal the transcriptional landscapes of primary and secondary growth tissues in the Populus stem. Comparison between the cell atlas and differentiation trajectory of primary and secondary growth revealed different regulatory networks involved in cell differentiation from cambium to xylem precursors and phloem precursors. These regulatory networks may be controlled by auxin accumulation and distribution. Analysis of cell differentiation trajectories suggested that vessel and fiber development followed a sequential pattern of progressive transcriptional regulation. This research provides new insights into the processes of cell identity and differentiation that occur throughout primary and secondary growth of tree stems, increasing our understanding of the cellular differentiation dynamics that occur during stem growth in trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Lee Y, Hoang NV, Do VG, Foster TM, McGhie TK, Kim S, Yang SJ, Park JH, Park J, Lee JY. Identification of genes associated with the regulation of cold tolerance and the RNA movement in the grafted apple. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11583. [PMID: 37463950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In grafted apple, rootstock-derived signals influence scion cold tolerance by initiating physiological changes to survive over the winter. To understand the underlying molecular interactions between scion and rootstock responsive to cold, we developed transcriptomics and metabolomics data in the stems of two scion/rootstock combinations, 'Gala'/'G202' (cold resistant rootstock) and 'Gala'/'M9' (cold susceptible rootstock). Outer layers of scion and rootstock stem, including vascular tissues, were collected from the field-grown grafted apple during the winter. The clustering of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene ontology enrichment indicated distinct expression dynamics in the two graft combinations, which supports the dependency of scion cold tolerance on the rootstock genotypes. We identified 544 potentially mobile mRNAs of DEGs showing highly-correlated seasonal dynamics between scion and rootstock. The mobility of a subset of 544 mRNAs was validated by translocated genome-wide variants and the measurements of selected RNA mobility in tobacco and Arabidopsis. We detected orthologous genes of potentially mobile mRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, which belong to cold regulatory networks with RNA mobility. Together, our study provides a comprehensive insight into gene interactions and signal exchange between scion and rootstock responsive to cold. This will serve for future research to enhance cold tolerance of grafted tree crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsuk Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of National Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
- Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 107, Soboangye-Ro, Gunwi, 39000, South Korea.
| | - Nam V Hoang
- School of Biological Sciences, College of National Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Van Giap Do
- Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 107, Soboangye-Ro, Gunwi, 39000, South Korea
| | - Toshi M Foster
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 55 Old Mill Road, Motueka, New Zealand
| | - Tony K McGhie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Seonae Kim
- Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 107, Soboangye-Ro, Gunwi, 39000, South Korea
| | - Sang Jin Yang
- Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 107, Soboangye-Ro, Gunwi, 39000, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hyeon Park
- Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, 107, Soboangye-Ro, Gunwi, 39000, South Korea
| | - Jongsung Park
- School of Biological Sciences, College of National Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of National Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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10
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Yu Y, Song W, Zhai N, Zhang S, Wang J, Wang S, Liu W, Huang CH, Ma H, Chai J, Chang F. PXL1 and SERKs act as receptor-coreceptor complexes for the CLE19 peptide to regulate pollen development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3307. [PMID: 37286549 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gametophyte development in angiosperms occurs within diploid sporophytic structures and requires coordinated development; e.g., development of the male gametophyte pollen depends on the surrounding sporophytic tissue, the tapetum. The mechanisms underlying this interaction remain poorly characterized. The peptide CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 19 (CLE19) plays a "braking" role in preventing the harmful overexpression of tapetum transcriptional regulators to ensure normal pollen development in Arabidopsis. However, the CLE19 receptor is unknown. Here, we show that CLE19 interacts directly with the PXY-LIKE1 (PXL1) ectodomain and induces PXL1 phosphorylation. PXL1 is also required for the function of CLE19 in maintaining the tapetal transcriptional regulation of pollen exine genes. Additionally, CLE19 induces the interactions of PXL1 with SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) coreceptors required for pollen development. We propose that PXL1 and SERKs act as receptor and coreceptor, respectively, of the extracellular CLE19 signal, thereby regulating tapetum gene expression and pollen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nuo Zhai
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Shiting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jianzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weijia Liu
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Chien-Hsun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Biology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
| | - Jijie Chai
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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11
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Carbonnel S, Cornelis S, Hazak O. The CLE33 peptide represses phloem differentiation via autocrine and paracrine signaling in Arabidopsis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:588. [PMID: 37280369 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant meristems require a constant supply of photoassimilates and hormones to the dividing meristematic cells. In the growing root, such supply is delivered by protophloem sieve elements. Due to its preeminent function for the root apical meristem, protophloem is the first tissue to differentiate. This process is regulated by a genetic circuit involving in one side the positive regulators DOF transcription factors, OCTOPUS (OPS) and BREVIX RADIX (BRX), and in the other side the negative regulators CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION RELATED (CLE) peptides and their cognate receptors BARELY ANY MERISTEM (BAM) receptor-like kinases. brx and ops mutants harbor a discontinuous protophloem that can be fully rescued by mutation in BAM3, but is only partially rescued when all three known phloem-specific CLE genes, CLE25/26/45 are simultaneously mutated. Here we identify a CLE gene closely related to CLE45, named CLE33. We show that double mutant cle33cle45 fully suppresses brx and ops protophloem phenotype. CLE33 orthologs are found in basal angiosperms, monocots, and eudicots, and the gene duplication which gave rise to CLE45 in Arabidopsis and other Brassicaceae appears to be a recent event. We thus discovered previously unidentified Arabidopsis CLE gene that is an essential player in protophloem formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Carbonnel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musee 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Salves Cornelis
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musee 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ora Hazak
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musee 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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12
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Hardtke CS. Phloem development. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37243530 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the plant vascular system is a key process in Earth history because it enabled plants to conquer land and transform the terrestrial surface. Among the vascular tissues, the phloem is particularly intriguing because of its complex functionality. In angiosperms, its principal components are the sieve elements, which transport phloem sap, and their neighboring companion cells. Together, they form a functional unit that sustains sap loading, transport, and unloading. The developmental trajectory of sieve elements is unique among plant cell types because it entails selective organelle degradation including enucleation. Meticulous analyses of primary, so-called protophloem in the Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem have revealed key steps in protophloem sieve element formation at single-cell resolution. A transcription factor cascade connects specification with differentiation and also orchestrates phloem pole patterning via noncell-autonomous action of sieve element-derived effectors. Reminiscent of vascular tissue patterning in secondary growth, these involve receptor kinase pathways, whose antagonists guide the progression of sieve element differentiation. Receptor kinase pathways may also safeguard phloem formation by maintaining the developmental plasticity of neighboring cell files. Our current understanding of protophloem development in the A. thaliana root has reached sufficient detail to instruct molecular-level investigation of phloem formation in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Wallner ES, Tonn N, Shi D, Luzzietti L, Wanke F, Hunziker P, Xu Y, Jung I, Lopéz-Salmerón V, Gebert M, Wenzl C, Lohmann JU, Harter K, Greb T. OBERON3 and SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1-LIKE proteins form a regulatory module driving phloem development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2128. [PMID: 37059727 PMCID: PMC10104830 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial specificity of cell fate decisions is central for organismal development. The phloem tissue mediates long-distance transport of energy metabolites along plant bodies and is characterized by an exceptional degree of cellular specialization. How a phloem-specific developmental program is implemented is, however, unknown. Here we reveal that the ubiquitously expressed PHD-finger protein OBE3 forms a central module with the phloem-specific SMXL5 protein for establishing the phloem developmental program in Arabidopsis thaliana. By protein interaction studies and phloem-specific ATAC-seq analyses, we show that OBE3 and SMXL5 proteins form a complex in nuclei of phloem stem cells where they promote a phloem-specific chromatin profile. This profile allows expression of OPS, BRX, BAM3, and CVP2 genes acting as mediators of phloem differentiation. Our findings demonstrate that OBE3/SMXL5 protein complexes establish nuclear features essential for determining phloem cell fate and highlight how a combination of ubiquitous and local regulators generate specificity of developmental decisions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Sophie Wallner
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Gilbert Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5020, USA
| | - Nina Tonn
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dongbo Shi
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Japan RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology (IBB), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Laura Luzzietti
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friederike Wanke
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pascal Hunziker
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yingqiang Xu
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilona Jung
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vadir Lopéz-Salmerón
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- BD Bioscience, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Gebert
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Wenzl
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan U Lohmann
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Harter
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Greb
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Li M, Lv M, Wang X, Cai Z, Yao H, Zhang D, Li H, Zhu M, Du W, Wang R, Wang Z, Kui H, Hou S, Li J, Yi J, Gou X. The EPFL-ERf-SERK signaling controls integument development in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:186-201. [PMID: 36564978 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As the seed precursor, the ovule produces the female gametophyte (or embryo sac), and the subsequent double fertilization occurs in it. The integuments emerge sequentially from the integument primordia at the early stages of ovule development and finally enwrap the embryo sac gradually during gametogenesis, protecting and nursing the embryo sac. However, the mechanisms regulating integument development are still obscure. In this study, we show that SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES (SERKs) play essential roles during integument development in Arabidopsis thaliana. The serk1/2/3 triple mutant shows arrested integuments and abnormal embryo sacs, similar defects also found in the triple loss-of-function mutants of ERECTA family (ERf) genes. Ovules of serk1/2/3 er erl1/2 show defects similar to er erl1/2 and serk1/2/3. Results of yeast two-hybrid analyses, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses, and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that SERKs interact with ERf, which depends on EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR-LIKE (EPFL) family small peptides. The sextuple mutant epfl1/2/3/4/5/6 shows integument defects similar to both of er erl1/2 and serk1/2/3. Our results demonstrate that ERf-SERK-mediated EPFL signaling orchestrates the development of the female gametophyte and the surrounding sporophytic integuments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Minghui Lv
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zeping Cai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Hongrui Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Dongyang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Huiqiang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Mingsong Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wenbin Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ruoshi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Hong Kui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Suiwen Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoping Gou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
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15
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Shimadzu S, Furuya T, Kondo Y. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Establishment and Maintenance of Vascular Stem Cells in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:274-283. [PMID: 36398989 PMCID: PMC10599399 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The vascular system plays pivotal roles in transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant body. Primary vasculature is established as a continuous strand, which subsequently initiates secondary growth through cell division. Key factors regulating primary and secondary vascular developments have been identified in numerous studies, and the regulatory networks including these factors have been elucidated through omics-based approaches. However, the vascular system is composed of a variety of cells such as xylem and phloem cells, which are commonly generated from vascular stem cells. In addition, the vasculature is located deep inside the plant body, which makes it difficult to investigate the vascular development while distinguishing between vascular stem cells and developing xylem and phloem cells. Recent technical advances in the tissue-clearing method, RNA-seq analysis and tissue culture system overcome these problems by enabling the cell-type-specific analysis during vascular development, especially with a special focus on stem cells. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the establishment and maintenance of vascular stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Shimadzu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku,
Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuya
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan
University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577 Japan
| | - Yuki Kondo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of
Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
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16
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Diaz-Ardila HN, Gujas B, Wang Q, Moret B, Hardtke CS. pH-dependent CLE peptide perception permits phloem differentiation in Arabidopsis roots. Curr Biol 2023; 33:597-605.e3. [PMID: 36693368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The plant vasculature delivers phloem sap to the growth apices of sink organs, the meristems, via the interconnected sieve elements of the protophloem.1,2,3 In the A. thaliana root meristem, the stem cells form two files of protophloem sieve elements (PPSEs), whose timely differentiation requires a set of positive genetic regulators. In corresponding loss-of-function mutants, signaling of secreted CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION 45 (CLE45) peptide through the BARELY ANY MERISTEM 3 (BAM3) receptor is hyperactive and interferes with PPSE differentiation. This can be mimicked by an external CLE45 application to wild type. Because developing PPSEs express CLE45-BAM3 pathway components from early on until terminal differentiation, it remains unclear how they escape the autocrine inhibitory CLE45 signal. Here, we report that the wild type becomes insensitive to CLE45 treatment on neutral to alkaline pH media, as well as upon simultaneous treatment with a specific proton pump inhibitor at a standard pH of 5.7. We find that these observations can be explained by neither pH-dependent CLE45 uptake nor pH-dependent CLE45 charge. Moreover, pH-dependent perception specifically requires the CLE45 R4 residue and is not observed for the redundant PPSE-specific CLE25 and CLE26 peptides. Finally, pH-dependent CLE45 response in developing PPSEs as opposed to pH-independent response in neighboring cell files indicates that late-developing PPSEs can no longer sense CLE45. This is consistent with an apoplastic acidic to alkaline pH gradient we observed along developing PPSE cell files. In summary, we conclude that developing PPSEs self-organize their transition to differentiation by desensitizing themselves against autocrine CLE45 signaling through an apoplastic pH increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nicholay Diaz-Ardila
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bojan Gujas
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Moret
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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17
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A phosphoinositide hub connects CLE peptide signaling and polar auxin efflux regulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:423. [PMID: 36702874 PMCID: PMC9879999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Auxin efflux through plasma-membrane-integral PIN-FORMED (PIN) carriers is essential for plant tissue organization and tightly regulated. For instance, a molecular rheostat critically controls PIN-mediated auxin transport in developing protophloem sieve elements of Arabidopsis roots. Plasma-membrane-association of the rheostat proteins, BREVIS RADIX (BRX) and PROTEIN KINASE ASSOCIATED WITH BRX (PAX), is reinforced by interaction with PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-4-PHOSPHATE-5-KINASE (PIP5K). Genetic evidence suggests that BRX dampens autocrine signaling of CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 45 (CLE45) peptide via its receptor BARELY ANY MERISTEM 3 (BAM3). How excess CLE45-BAM3 signaling interferes with protophloem development and whether it does so directly or indirectly remains unclear. Here we show that rheostat polarity is independent of PIN polarity, but interdependent with PIP5K. Catalytically inactive PIP5K confers rheostat polarity without reinforcing its localization, revealing a possible PIP5K scaffolding function. Moreover, PIP5K and PAX cooperatively control local PIN abundance. We further find that CLE45-BAM3 signaling branches via RLCK-VII/PBS1-LIKE (PBL) cytoplasmic kinases to destabilize rheostat localization. Our data thus reveal antagonism between CLE45-BAM3-PBL signaling and PIP5K that converges on auxin efflux regulation through dynamic control of PAX polarity. Because second-site bam3 mutation suppresses root as well as shoot phenotypes of pip5k mutants, CLE peptide signaling likely modulates phosphoinositide-dependent processes in various developmental contexts.
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18
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Dong J, Wang Y, Xu L, Li B, Wang K, Ying J, He Q, Liu L. RsCLE22a regulates taproot growth through an auxin signaling-related pathway in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:233-250. [PMID: 36239471 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) peptides are a class of small molecules involved in plant growth and development. Although radish (Raphanus sativus) is an important root vegetable crop worldwide, the functions of CLE peptides in its taproot formation remain elusive. Here, a total of 48 RsCLE genes were identified from the radish genome. RNA in situ hybridization showed that RsCLE22a gene was highly expressed in the vascular cambium. Overexpression of RsCLE22a inhibited root growth by impairing stem cell proliferation in Arabidopsis, and radish plants with exogenous supplementation of RsCLE22 peptide (CLE22p) showed a similar phenotype. The vascular cambial activity was increased in RsCLE22a-silenced plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CLE22p altered the expression of several genes involved in meristem development and hormone signal transduction in radish. Immunolocalization results showed that CLE22p increased auxin accumulation in vascular cambium. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays showed that the WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 4 (RsWOX4) binds to RsCLE22a promoter and activates its transcription. The expression level of RsWOX4 was related to vascular cambial activity and was regulated by auxin. Furthermore, a RsCLE22a-RsWOX4 module is proposed to regulate taproot vascular cambium activity through an auxin signaling-related pathway in radish. These findings provide novel insights into the regulation of root growth in a horticultural crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bingshuang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiali Ying
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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19
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Biomolecular Strategies for Vascular Bundle Development to Improve Crop Yield. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121772. [PMID: 36551200 PMCID: PMC9775962 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to produce crops with higher yields is critical due to a growing global population, depletion of agricultural land, and severe climate change. Compared with the "source" and "sink" transport systems that have been studied a lot, the development and utilization of vascular bundles (conducting vessels in plants) are increasingly important. Due to the complexity of the vascular system, its structure, and its delicate and deep position in the plant body, the current research on model plants remains basic knowledge and has not been repeated for crops and applied to field production. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge regarding biomolecular strategies of vascular bundles in transport systems (source-flow-sink), allocation, helping crop architecture establishment, and influence of the external environment. It is expected to help understand how to use sophisticated and advancing genetic engineering technology to improve the vascular system of crops to increase yield.
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20
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Conde D, Triozzi PM, Pereira WJ, Schmidt HW, Balmant KM, Knaack SA, Redondo-López A, Roy S, Dervinis C, Kirst M. Single-nuclei transcriptome analysis of the shoot apex vascular system differentiation in Populus. Development 2022; 149:dev200632. [PMID: 36178121 PMCID: PMC9720752 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of stem cells in the plant apex gives rise to aerial tissues and organs. Presently, we lack a lineage map of the shoot apex cells in woody perennials - a crucial gap considering their role in determining primary and secondary growth. Here, we used single-nuclei RNA-sequencing to determine cell type-specific transcriptomes of the Populus vegetative shoot apex. We identified highly heterogeneous cell populations clustered into seven broad groups represented by 18 transcriptionally distinct cell clusters. Next, we established the developmental trajectories of the epidermis, leaf mesophyll and vascular tissue. Motivated by the high similarities between Populus and Arabidopsis cell population in the vegetative apex, we applied a pipeline for interspecific single-cell gene expression data integration. We contrasted the developmental trajectories of primary phloem and xylem formation in both species, establishing the first comparison of vascular development between a model annual herbaceous and a woody perennial plant species. Our results offer a valuable resource for investigating the principles underlying cell division and differentiation conserved between herbaceous and perennial species while also allowing us to examine species-specific differences at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Conde
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Paolo M. Triozzi
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Wendell J. Pereira
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Henry W. Schmidt
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kelly M. Balmant
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Sara A. Knaack
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Arturo Redondo-López
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid 28223, Spain
| | - Sushmita Roy
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Christopher Dervinis
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Matias Kirst
- School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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21
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Koh SWH, Diaz-Ardila HN, Bascom CS, Berenguer E, Ingram G, Estelle M, Hardtke CS. Heterologous expression of a lycophyte protein enhances angiosperm seedling vigor. Development 2022; 149:dev200917. [PMID: 36196593 PMCID: PMC10655917 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Seedling vigor is a key agronomic trait that determines juvenile plant performance. Angiosperm seeds develop inside fruits and are connected to the mother plant through vascular tissues. Their formation requires plant-specific genes, such as BREVIS RADIX (BRX) in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. BRX family proteins are found throughout the euphyllophytes but also occur in non-vascular bryophytes and non-seed lycophytes. They consist of four conserved domains, including the tandem BRX domains. We found that bryophyte or lycophyte BRX homologs can only partially substitute for Arabidopsis BRX (AtBRX) because they miss key features in the linker between the BRX domains. Intriguingly, however, expression of a BRX homolog from the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii (SmBRX) in an A. thaliana wild-type background confers robustly enhanced root growth vigor that persists throughout the life cycle. This effect can be traced to a substantial increase in seed and embryo size, is associated with enhanced vascular tissue proliferation, and can be reproduced with a modified, SmBRX-like variant of AtBRX. Our results thus suggest that BRX variants can boost seedling vigor and shed light on the activity of ancient, non-angiosperm BRX family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W. H. Koh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlisle S. Bascom
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eduardo Berenguer
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Gwyneth Ingram
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Mark Estelle
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christian S. Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Narasimhan M, Simon R. Spatial range, temporal span, and promiscuity of CLE-RLK signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:906087. [PMID: 36092449 PMCID: PMC9459042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) signaling through receptor-like kinases (RLKs) regulates developmental transitions and responses to biotic and abiotic inputs by communicating the physiological state of cells and tissues. CLE peptides have varying signaling ranges, which can be defined as the distance between the source, i.e., the cells or tissue that secrete the peptide, and their destination, i.e., cells or tissue where the RLKs that bind the peptide and/or respond are expressed. Case-by-case analysis substantiates that CLE signaling is predominantly autocrine or paracrine, and rarely endocrine. Furthermore, upon CLE reception, the ensuing signaling responses extend from cellular to tissue, organ and whole organism level as the downstream signal gets amplified. CLE-RLK-mediated effects on tissue proliferation and differentiation, or on subsequent primordia and organ development have been widely studied. However, studying how CLE-RLK regulates different stages of proliferation and differentiation at cellular level can offer additional insights into these processes. Notably, CLE-RLK signaling also mediates diverse non-developmental effects, which are less often observed; however, this could be due to biased experimental approaches. In general, CLEs and RLKs, owing to the sequence or structural similarity, are prone to promiscuous interactions at least under experimental conditions in which they are studied. Importantly, there are regulatory mechanisms that suppress CLE-RLK cross-talk in vivo, thereby eliminating the pressure for co-evolving binding specificity. Alternatively, promiscuity in signaling may also offer evolutionary advantages and enable different CLEs to work in combination to activate or switch off different RLK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumitha Narasimhan
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Simon
- Institute for Developmental Genetics and Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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23
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Wang Y, Chen W, Ou Y, Zhu Y, Li J. Arabidopsis ROOT ELONGATION RECEPTOR KINASES negatively regulate root growth putatively via altering cell wall remodeling gene expression. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1502-1513. [PMID: 35587568 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) play key roles in regulating various physiological aspects in plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are at least 223 leucine-rich repeat (LRR) RLKs. The functions of the majority of RLKs in the LRR XI subfamily were previously revealed. Only three RLKs were not characterized. Here we report that two independent triple mutants of these RLKs, named ROOT ELONGATION RECEPTOR KINASES (REKs), exhibit increased cell numbers in the root apical meristem and enhanced cell size in the elongation and maturation zones. The promoter activities of a number of Quiescent Center marker genes are significantly up-regulated in the triple mutant. However, the promoter activities of several marker genes known to control root stem cell niche activities are not altered. RNA-seq analysis revealed that a number of cell wall remodeling genes are significantly up-regulated in the triple mutant. Our results suggest that these REKs play key roles in regulating root development likely via negatively regulating the expression of a number of key cell wall remodeling genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanze Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Weiyue Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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24
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Otero S, Gildea I, Roszak P, Lu Y, Di Vittori V, Bourdon M, Kalmbach L, Blob B, Heo JO, Peruzzo F, Laux T, Fernie AR, Tavares H, Helariutta Y. A root phloem pole cell atlas reveals common transcriptional states in protophloem-adjacent cells. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:954-970. [PMID: 35927456 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing has recently allowed the generation of exhaustive root cell atlases. However, some cell types are elusive and remain underrepresented. Here we use a second-generation single-cell approach, where we zoom in on the root transcriptome sorting with specific markers to profile the phloem poles at an unprecedented resolution. Our data highlight the similarities among the developmental trajectories and gene regulatory networks common to protophloem sieve element (PSE)-adjacent lineages in relation to PSE enucleation, a key event in phloem biology. As a signature for early PSE-adjacent lineages, we have identified a set of DNA-binding with one finger (DOF) transcription factors, the PINEAPPLEs (PAPL), that act downstream of PHLOEM EARLY DOF (PEAR) genes and are important to guarantee a proper root nutrition in the transition to autotrophy. Our data provide a holistic view of the phloem poles that act as a functional unit in root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Otero
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iris Gildea
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE/Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pawel Roszak
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yipeng Lu
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Valerio Di Vittori
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Matthieu Bourdon
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lothar Kalmbach
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bernhard Blob
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jung-Ok Heo
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Thomas Laux
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hugo Tavares
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Yka Helariutta
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE/Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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25
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Janes G, Bishopp A. Phloem research in full flow. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:733-734. [PMID: 35817821 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George Janes
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Anthony Bishopp
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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26
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Qian P, Song W, Zaizen-Iida M, Kume S, Wang G, Zhang Y, Kinoshita-Tsujimura K, Chai J, Kakimoto T. A Dof-CLE circuit controls phloem organization. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:817-827. [PMID: 35817820 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The phloem consists of sieve elements (SEs) and companion cells (CCs). Here we show that Dof-class transcription factors preferentially expressed in the phloem (phloem-Dofs) are not only necessary and sufficient for SE and CC differentiation, but also induce negative regulators of phloem development, CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED25 (CLE25), CLE26 and CLE45 secretory peptides. CLEs were perceived by BARELY ANY MERISTEM (BAM)-class receptors and CLAVATA3 INSENSITIVE RECEPTOR KINASE (CIK) co-receptors, and post-transcriptionally decreased phloem-Dof proteins and repressed SE and CC formation. Multiple mutations in CLE-, BAM- or CIK-class genes caused ectopic formation of SEs and CCs, producing an SE/CC cluster at each phloem region. We propose that while phloem-Dofs induce phloem cell formation, they inhibit excess phloem cell formation by inducing CLEs. Normal-positioned SE and CC precursor cells appear to overcome the effect of CLEs by reinforcing the production of phloem-Dofs through a positive feedback transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Qian
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Wen Song
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miki Zaizen-Iida
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sawa Kume
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Guodong Wang
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Jijie Chai
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tatsuo Kakimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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27
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Kastanaki E, Blanco-Touriñán N, Sarazin A, Sturchler A, Gujas B, Vera-Sirera F, Agustí J, Rodriguez-Villalon A. A genetic framework for proximal secondary vein branching in the Arabidopsis thaliana embryo. Development 2022; 149:275816. [PMID: 35723181 PMCID: PMC9270971 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over time, plants have evolved flexible self-organizing patterning mechanisms to adapt tissue functionality for continuous organ growth. An example of this process is the multicellular organization of cells into a vascular network in foliar organs. An important, yet poorly understood component of this process is secondary vein branching, a mechanism employed to extend vascular tissues throughout the cotyledon surface. Here, we uncover two distinct branching mechanisms during embryogenesis by analyzing the discontinuous vein network of the double mutant cotyledon vascular pattern 2 (cvp2) cvp2-like 1 (cvl1). Similar to wild-type embryos, distal veins in cvp2 cvl1 embryos arise from the bifurcation of cell files contained in the midvein, whereas proximal branching is absent in this mutant. Restoration of this process can be achieved by increasing OCTOPUS dosage as well as by silencing RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE 2 (RPK2) expression. Although RPK2-dependent rescue of cvp2 cvl1 is auxin- and CLE peptide-independent, distal branching involves polar auxin transport and follows a distinct regulatory mechanism. Our work defines a genetic network that confers plasticity to Arabidopsis embryos to spatially adapt vascular tissues to organ growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kastanaki
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noel Blanco-Touriñán
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland,Authors for correspondence (; )
| | - Alexis Sarazin
- Group of RNA Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Sturchler
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bojan Gujas
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Vera-Sirera
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Agustí
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antia Rodriguez-Villalon
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland,Authors for correspondence (; )
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28
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DeFalco TA, Anne P, James SR, Willoughby AC, Schwanke F, Johanndrees O, Genolet Y, Derbyshire P, Wang Q, Rana S, Pullen AM, Menke FLH, Zipfel C, Hardtke CS, Nimchuk ZL. A conserved module regulates receptor kinase signalling in immunity and development. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:356-365. [PMID: 35422079 PMCID: PMC9639402 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ligand recognition by cell-surface receptors underlies development and immunity in both animals and plants. Modulating receptor signalling is critical for appropriate cellular responses but the mechanisms ensuring this are poorly understood. Here, we show that signalling by plant receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in immunity and CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED peptides (CLEp) in development uses a similar regulatory module. In the absence of ligand, signalling is dampened through association with specific type-2C protein phosphatases. Upon activation, PAMP and CLEp receptors phosphorylate divergent cytosolic kinases, which, in turn, phosphorylate the phosphatases, thereby promoting receptor signalling. Our work reveals a regulatory circuit shared between immune and developmental receptor signalling, which may have broader important implications for plant receptor kinase-mediated signalling in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A DeFalco
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Pauline Anne
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sean R James
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew C Willoughby
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Florian Schwanke
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Johanndrees
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yasmine Genolet
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Derbyshire
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Surbhi Rana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Pullen
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Frank L H Menke
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Zachary L Nimchuk
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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29
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DeFalco TA, Anne P, James SR, Willoughby AC, Schwanke F, Johanndrees O, Genolet Y, Derbyshire P, Wang Q, Rana S, Pullen AM, Menke FLH, Zipfel C, Hardtke CS, Nimchuk ZL. A conserved module regulates receptor kinase signalling in immunity and development. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:356-365. [PMID: 35422079 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.19.427293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ligand recognition by cell-surface receptors underlies development and immunity in both animals and plants. Modulating receptor signalling is critical for appropriate cellular responses but the mechanisms ensuring this are poorly understood. Here, we show that signalling by plant receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in immunity and CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED peptides (CLEp) in development uses a similar regulatory module. In the absence of ligand, signalling is dampened through association with specific type-2C protein phosphatases. Upon activation, PAMP and CLEp receptors phosphorylate divergent cytosolic kinases, which, in turn, phosphorylate the phosphatases, thereby promoting receptor signalling. Our work reveals a regulatory circuit shared between immune and developmental receptor signalling, which may have broader important implications for plant receptor kinase-mediated signalling in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A DeFalco
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Pauline Anne
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sean R James
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew C Willoughby
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Florian Schwanke
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Johanndrees
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yasmine Genolet
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Derbyshire
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Surbhi Rana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Pullen
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Frank L H Menke
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Zachary L Nimchuk
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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30
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Wang W, Hu C, Li X, Zhu Y, Tao L, Cui Y, Deng D, Fan X, Zhang H, Li J, Gou X, Yi J. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases PBL34/35/36 are required for CLE peptide-mediated signaling to maintain shoot apical meristem and root apical meristem homeostasis in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1289-1307. [PMID: 34935965 PMCID: PMC8972268 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) homeostasis is tightly regulated by CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) peptide signaling. However, the intracellular signaling components after CLV3 is perceived by the CLV1-CLV3-INSENSITIVE KINASE (CIK) receptor complex and CLE25/26/45 are sensed by the BARELY ANY MERISTEM (BAM)-CIK receptor complex are unknown. Here, we report that PBS1-LIKE34/35/36 (PBL34/35/36), a clade of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, are required for both CLV3-mediated signaling in the SAM and CLE25/26/45-mediated signaling in the RAM. Physiological assays showed that the SAM and RAM of pbl34 pbl35 pbl36 were resistant to CLV3 and CLE25/26/45 treatment, respectively. Genetic analyses indicated that pbl34 pbl35 pbl36 greatly enhanced the SAM defects of clv2 and rpk2 but not clv1, and did not show additive effects with bam3 and cik2 in the RAM. Further biochemical assays revealed that PBL34/35/36 interacted with CLV1, BAM1/3, and CIKs, and were phosphorylated by CLV1 and BAM1. All these results suggest that PBL34/35/36 act downstream of CLV1 and BAM1/3 to mediate the CLV3 and CLE25/26/45 signals in maintaining SAM and RAM homeostasis, respectively. Our findings shed light on how CLE signals are transmitted intracellularly after being perceived by cell surface receptor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaonan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yafen Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liang Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanwei Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dingqian Deng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Jing Yi
- Author for correspondence: (X.G.) or (J.Y.)
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31
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Roman AO, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Augustin S, Broyart C, Hothorn LA, Santiago J. HSL1 and BAM1/2 impact epidermal cell development by sensing distinct signaling peptides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:876. [PMID: 35169143 PMCID: PMC8847575 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane receptor kinases HAESA and HSL2 recognize a family of IDA/IDL signaling peptides to control cell separation processes in different plant organs. The homologous HSL1 has been reported to regulate epidermal cell patterning by interacting with a different class of signaling peptides from the CLE family. Here we demonstrate that HSL1 binds IDA/IDL peptides with high, and CLE peptides with lower affinity, respectively. Ligand sensing capability and receptor activation of HSL1 require a SERK co-receptor kinase. Crystal structures with IDA/IDLs or with CLE9 reveal that HSL1-SERK1 complex recognizes the entire IDA/IDL signaling peptide, while only parts of CLE9 are bound to the receptor. In contrast, the receptor kinase BAM1 interacts with the entire CLE9 peptide with high affinity and specificity. Furthermore, the receptor tandem BAM1/BAM2 regulates epidermal cell division homeostasis. Consequently, HSL1-IDLs and BAM1/BAM2-CLEs independently regulate cell patterning in the leaf epidermal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra-Octavia Roman
- The Plant Signaling Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval
- The Plant Signaling Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Augustin
- The Plant Signaling Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Broyart
- The Plant Signaling Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig A Hothorn
- Institute of Biostatistics, Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Santiago
- The Plant Signaling Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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32
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Aliaga Fandino AC, Hardtke CS. Auxin transport in developing protophloem: A case study in canalization. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 269:153594. [PMID: 34953411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal cues orchestrate the development of organs and cellular differentiation in multicellular organisms. For instance, in the root apical meristem an auxin gradient patterns the transition from stem cell maintenance to transit amplification and eventual differentiation. Among the proximal tissues generated by this growth apex, the early, so-called protophloem, is the first tissue to differentiate. This observation has been linked to increased auxin activity in the developing protophloem sieve element cell files as compared to the neighboring tissues. Here we review recent progress in the characterization of the unique mechanism by which auxin canalizes its activity in the developing protophloem and fine-tunes its own transport to guide proper timing of protophloem sieve element differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cecilia Aliaga Fandino
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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33
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Zhang Z, Liu C, Li K, Li X, Xu M, Guo Y. CLE14 functions as a "brake signal" to suppress age-dependent and stress-induced leaf senescence by promoting JUB1-mediated ROS scavenging in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:179-188. [PMID: 34530165 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an important developmental process in the plant life cycle and has a significant impact on agriculture. When facing harsh environmental conditions, monocarpic plants often initiate early leaf senescence as an adaptive mechanism to ensure a complete life cycle. Upon initiation, the senescence process is fine-tuned through the coordination of both positive and negative regulators. Here, we report that the small secreted peptide CLAVATA3/ESR-RELATED 14 (CLE14) functions in the suppression of leaf senescence by regulating ROS homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Expression of the CLE14-encoding gene in leaves was significantly induced by age, high salinity, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. CLE14 knockout plants displayed accelerated progression of both natural and salinity-induced leaf senescence, whereas increased CLE14 expression or treatments with synthetic CLE14 peptides delayed senescence. CLE14 peptide treatments also delayed ABA-induced senescence in detached leaves. Further analysis showed that overexpression of CLE14 led to reduced ROS levels in leaves, where higher expression of ROS scavenging genes was detected. Moreover, CLE14 signaling resulted in transcriptional activation of JUB1, a NAC family transcription factor previously identified as a negative regulator of senescence. Notably, the delay of leaf senescence, reduction in H2O2 level, and activation of ROS scavenging genes by CLE14 peptides were dependent on JUB1. Collectively, these results suggest that the small peptide CLE14 serves as a novel "brake signal" to regulate age-dependent and stress-induced leaf senescence through JUB1-mediated ROS scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenglin Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Kui Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
| | - Yongfeng Guo
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
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34
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Hu C, Zhu Y, Cui Y, Zeng L, Li S, Meng F, Huang S, Wang W, Kui H, Yi J, Li J, Wan D, Gou X. A CLE-BAM-CIK signalling module controls root protophloem differentiation in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:282-296. [PMID: 34651321 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous application of CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) peptides suppresses protophloem differentiation and leads to the consumption of the proximal root meristem. However, the exact CLE peptides and the corresponding receptor complex regulating protophloem differentiation have not yet been clarified. Through expression pattern and phylogenetic analyses, CLE25/26/45 were identified as candidate peptides. Further genetic analyses, physiological assays and specific protophloem marker observations indicated that CLE25/26/45, BARELY ANY MERISTEM1/3 (BAM1/3) and CLV3 INSENSITIVE KINASEs (CIKs) are involved in regulating protophloem differentiation. The cle25 26 45 and cik2 3 4 5 6 mutation can greatly rescue the root defects of brevis radix (brx) and octopus (ops) mutants. The protophloem differentiation and proximal root meristem consumption of clv1 bam1 3 and cik2 3 4 5 6 were insensitive to CLE25/26/45 treatments. cle25 26 45, clv1 bam1 3 and cik2 3 4 5 6 displayed similar premature protophloem. In addition, CLE25/26/45 induced the interactions between BAMs and CIKs in vivo. Furthermore, CLE25/26/45 enhanced the phosphorylation levels of CIKs, which were greatly impaired in clv1 bam1 3 mutant. Our work clarifies that the CLE25/26/45-BAM1/3-CIK2/3/4/5/6 signalling module genetically acts downstream of BRX and OPS to suppress protophloem differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yafen Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yanwei Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Sunjingnan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fanhui Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong Kui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dongshi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoping Gou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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35
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Truernit E. Sieve elements and their cell neighbours in the Arabidopsis root - Roles and relationships. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 268:153569. [PMID: 34801777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Truernit
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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36
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Song XF, Hou XL, Liu CM. CLE peptides: critical regulators for stem cell maintenance in plants. PLANTA 2021; 255:5. [PMID: 34841457 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant CLE peptides, which regulate stem cell maintenance in shoot and root meristems and in vascular bundles through LRR family receptor kinases, are novel, complex, and to some extent conserved. Over the past two decades, peptide ligands of the CLAVATA3 (CLV3) /Embryo Surrounding Region (CLE) family have been recognized as critical short- and long-distance communication signals in plants, especially for stem cell homeostasis, cell fate determination and physiological responses. Stem cells located at the shoot apical meristem (SAM), the root apical meristem (RAM) and the procambium divide and differentiate into specialized cells that form a variety of tissues such as epidermis, ground tissues, xylem and phloem. In the SAM of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the CLV3 peptide restricts the number of stem cells via leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-type receptor kinases. In the RAM, root-active CLE peptides are critical negative regulators, while ROOT GROWTH FACTOR (RGF) peptides are positive regulators in stem cell maintenance. Among those root-active CLE peptides, CLE25 promotes, while CLE45 inhibits phloem differentiation. In vascular bundles, TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF)/CLE41/CLE44 promotes procambium cell division, and prevents xylem differentiation. Orthologs of CLV3 have been identified in liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays) and lotus (Lotus japonicas), suggesting that CLV3 is an evolutionarily conserved signal in stem cell maintenance. However, functional characterization of endogenous CLE peptides and corresponding receptor kinases, and the downstream signal transduction has been challenging due to their genome-wide redundancies and rapid evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Fen Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiu-Li Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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37
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Willoughby AC, Nimchuk ZL. WOX going on: CLE peptides in plant development. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:102056. [PMID: 34077886 PMCID: PMC8545713 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of plant tissues requires cell-cell communication facilitated by chemical and peptide hormones, including small signaling peptides in the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO-SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) family. The paradigmatic CLE signaling peptide CLAVATA3 regulates the size of the shoot apical meristem and the expression of the stem cell-promoting WUSCHEL transcription factor through an unknown mechanism. This review discusses recent advances in CLE signaling, showing that CLE pathways are conserved in bryophytes, that CLE peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana regulate stem cell identity and cell division in root tissues, and connections to auxin biosynthesis in regulating flower and leaf development. These advances shed light on potential WUSCHEL family-independent aspects of CLE signaling and the overlap between CLE and auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Willoughby
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zachary L Nimchuk
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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38
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Okuda S. Molecular mechanisms of plant peptide binding to receptors. Peptides 2021; 144:170614. [PMID: 34332962 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved diverse peptide hormones and cognate receptors to orchestrate plant growth and development. Secreted peptide ligands are mainly sensed by membrane receptor kinases that mediate cell-cell communication. The secreted peptides are categorized into two groups: small linear post-translationally modified peptides and cysteine-rich peptides. The small linear peptides are recognized by the corresponding receptors and co-receptors in a conserved manner. By contrast, the cysteine-rich peptides are perceived by various types of receptor proteins using diverse binding modes. Recent studies have revealed the molecular and mechanistic origins of peptide recognition and receptor activation. This review summarizes plant-peptide binding modes and receptor-activation mechanisms that have been structurally characterized in recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satohiro Okuda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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39
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Yuan B, Wang H. Peptide Signaling Pathways Regulate Plant Vascular Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:719606. [PMID: 34539713 PMCID: PMC8446620 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant small peptides, including CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) and Epidermal Patterning Factor-Like (EPFL) peptides, play pivotal roles in coordinating developmental processes through cell-cell communication. Recent studies have revealed that the phloem-derived CLE peptides, CLE41/44 and CLE42, promote (pro-)cambial cell proliferation and inhibit xylem cell differentiation. The endodermis-derived EPFL peptides, EPFL4 and EPFL6, modulate vascular development in the stem. Further, several other peptide ligands CLE9, CLE10, and CLE45 play crucial roles in regulating vascular development in the root. The peptide signaling pathways interact with each other and crosstalk with plant hormone signals. In this mini-review, we summtarize the recent advances on peptides function in vascular development and discuss future perspectives for the research of the CLE and EPFL peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjian Yuan
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Huanzhong Wang
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for System Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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40
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Li H, Testerink C, Zhang Y. How roots and shoots communicate through stressful times. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:940-952. [PMID: 33896687 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
When plants face an environmental stress such as water deficit, soil salinity, high temperature, or shade, good communication between above- and belowground organs is necessary to coordinate growth and development. Various signals including hormones, peptides, proteins, hydraulic signals, and metabolites are transported mostly through the vasculature to distant tissues. How shoots and roots synchronize their response to stress using mobile signals is an emerging field of research. We summarize recent advances on mobile signals regulating shoot stomatal movement and root development in response to highly localized environmental cues. In addition, we highlight how the vascular system is not only a conduit but is also flexible in its development in response to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Li
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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41
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Furuya T, Saito M, Uchimura H, Satake A, Nosaki S, Miyakawa T, Shimadzu S, Yamori W, Tanokura M, Fukuda H, Kondo Y. Gene co-expression network analysis identifies BEH3 as a stabilizer of secondary vascular development in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:2618-2636. [PMID: 34059919 PMCID: PMC8408481 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In plants, vascular stem cells located in the cambium continuously undergo self-renewal and differentiation during secondary growth. Recent advancements in cell sorting techniques have enabled access to the transcriptional regulatory framework of cambial cells. However, mechanisms underlying the robust control of vascular stem cells remain unclear. Here, we identified a new cambium-related regulatory module through co-expression network analysis using multiple transcriptome datasets obtained from an ectopic vascular cell transdifferentiation system using Arabidopsis cotyledons, Vascular cell Induction culture System Using Arabidopsis Leaves (VISUAL). The cambium gene list included a gene encoding the transcription factor BES1/BZR1 Homolog 3 (BEH3), whose homolog BES1 negatively affects vascular stem cell maintenance. Interestingly, null beh3 mutant alleles showed a large variation in their vascular size, indicating that BEH3 functions as a stabilizer of vascular stem cells. Genetic analysis revealed that BEH3 and BES1 perform opposite functions in the regulation of vascular stem cells and the differentiation of vascular cells in the context of the VISUAL system. At the biochemical level, BEH3 showed weak transcriptional repressor activity and functioned antagonistically to other BES/BZR members by competing for binding to the brassinosteroid response element. Furthermore, mathematical modeling suggested that the competitive relationship between BES/BZR homologs leads to the robust regulation of vascular stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Furuya
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Saito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruka Uchimura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akiko Satake
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shohei Nosaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shunji Shimadzu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamori
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroo Fukuda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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42
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Graeff M, Hardtke CS. Metaphloem development in the Arabidopsis root tip. Development 2021; 148:270791. [PMID: 34224570 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The phloem transport network is a major evolutionary innovation that enabled plants to dominate terrestrial ecosystems. In the growth apices, the meristems, apical stem cells continuously produce early 'protophloem'. This is easily observed in Arabidopsis root meristems, in which the differentiation of individual protophloem sieve element precursors into interconnected conducting sieve tubes is laid out in a spatio-temporal gradient. The mature protophloem eventually collapses as the neighboring metaphloem takes over its function further distal from the stem cell niche. Compared with protophloem, metaphloem ontogenesis is poorly characterized, primarily because its visualization is challenging. Here, we describe the improved TetSee protocol to investigate metaphloem development in Arabidopsis root tips in combination with a set of molecular markers. We found that mature metaphloem sieve elements are only observed in the late post-meristematic root, although their specification is initiated as soon as protophloem sieve elements enucleate. Moreover, unlike protophloem sieve elements, metaphloem sieve elements only differentiate once they have fully elongated. Finally, our results suggest that metaphloem differentiation is not directly controlled by protophloem-derived cues but rather follows a distinct, robust developmental trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Graeff
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Novikova DD, Korosteleva AL, Mironova V, Jaillais Y. Meet your MAKR: the membrane-associated kinase regulator protein family in the regulation of plant development. FEBS J 2021; 289:6172-6186. [PMID: 34288456 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A small family composed of BRI1 KINASE INHIBITOR1 (BKI1) and MEMBRANE-ASSOCIATED KINASE REGULATORS (MAKRs) has recently captured the attention of plant biologists, due to their involvement in developmental processes downstream of hormones and Receptor-Like Kinases (RLK) signalling. BKI1/MAKRs are intrinsically disordered proteins (so-called unstructured proteins) and as such lack specific domains. Instead, they are defined by the presence of two conserved linear motifs involved in the interaction with lipids and proteins, respectively. Here, we first relate the discovery of the MAKR gene family. Then, we review the individual function of characterized family members and discuss their shared and specific modes of action. Finally, we explore and summarize the structural, comparative and functional genomics data available on this gene family. Together, this review aims at building a comprehensive reference about BKI1/MAKR protein function in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria D Novikova
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia L Korosteleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Victoria Mironova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Department of Plant Systems Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Lyon, École normale supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Zhu Y, Hu C, Cui Y, Zeng L, Li S, Zhu M, Meng F, Huang S, Long L, Yi J, Li J, Gou X. Conserved and differentiated functions of CIK receptor kinases in modulating stem cell signaling in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1119-1134. [PMID: 33823234 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) act as pools of stem cells that give rise to aboveground and underground tissues and organs in higher plants, respectively. The CLAVATA3 (CLV3)-WUSCHEL (WUS) negative-feedback loop acts as a core pathway controlling SAM homeostasis, while CLV3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (ESR) 40 (CLE40) and WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5), homologs of CLV3 and WUS, direct columella stem cell fate. Moreover, CLV3 INSENSITIVE KINASES (CIKs) have been shown to be essential for maintaining SAM homeostasis, whereas whether they regulate the distal root meristem remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that CIKs are indispensable for transducing the CLE40 signal to maintain homeostasis of the distal root meristem. We found that the cik mutant roots displayed disrupted quiescent center and delayed columella stem cell (CSC) differentiation. Biochemical assays demonstrated that CIKs interact with ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY4 (ACR4) in a ligand-independent manner and can be phosphorylated by ACR4 in vitro. In addition, the phosphorylation of CIKs can be rapidly induced by CLE40, which partially depends on ACR4. Although CIKs act as conserved and redundant regulators in the SAM and RAM, our results demonstrated that they exhibit differentiated functions in these meristems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chong Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanwei Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sunjingnan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mingsong Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fanhui Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Long
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoping Gou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Blümke P, Schlegel J, Gonzalez-Ferrer C, Becher S, Pinto KG, Monaghan J, Simon R. Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase MAZZA mediates developmental processes with CLAVATA1 family receptors in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4853-4870. [PMID: 33909893 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The receptor-like kinases (RLKs) CLAVATA1 (CLV1) and BARELY ANY MERISTEMs (BAM1-BAM3) form the CLV1 family (CLV1f), which perceives peptides of the CLV3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (ESR)-related (CLE) family within various signaling pathways of Arabidopsis thaliana. CLE peptide signaling, which is required for meristem size control, vascular development, and pathogen responses, involves the formation of receptor complexes at the plasma membrane. These complexes comprise RLKs and co-receptors in varying compositions depending on the signaling context, and regulate expression of target genes, such as WUSCHEL (WUS). How the CLE signal is transmitted intracellularly after perception at the plasma membrane is not known in detail. Here, we found that the membrane-associated receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) MAZZA (MAZ) and additional members of the Pti1-like protein family interact in vivo with CLV1f receptors. MAZ, which is widely expressed throughout the plant, localizes to the plasma membrane via post-translational palmitoylation, potentially enabling stimulus-triggered protein re-localization. We identified a role for a CLV1-MAZ signaling module during stomatal and root development, and redundancy could potentially mask other phenotypes of maz mutants. We propose that MAZ, and related RLCKs, mediate CLV1f signaling in a variety of developmental contexts, paving the way towards understanding the intracellular processes after CLE peptide perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Blümke
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jenia Schlegel
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carmen Gonzalez-Ferrer
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - Sabine Becher
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karine Gustavo Pinto
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Monaghan
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - Rüdiger Simon
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lin H, Wang W, Chen X, Sun Z, Han X, Wang S, Li Y, Ye W, Yin Z. Molecular Traits and Functional Analysis of the CLAVATA3/Endosperm Surrounding Region-Related Small Signaling Peptides in Three Species of Gossypium Genus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:671626. [PMID: 34149772 PMCID: PMC8213210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.671626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The CLAVATA3/endosperm surrounding region-related (CLE) small peptides are a group of C-terminally encoded and post-translationally modified signal molecules involved in regulating the growth and development of various plants. However, the function and evolution of these peptides have so far remained elusive in cotton. In this study, 55, 56, and 86 CLE genes were identified in the Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium hirsutum genomes, respectively, and all members were divided into seven groups. These groups were distinctly different in their protein characteristics, gene structures, conserved motifs, and multiple sequence alignment. Whole genome or segmental duplications played a significant role in the expansion of the CLE family in cotton, and experienced purifying selection during the long evolutionary process in cotton. Cis-acting regulatory elements and transcript profiling revealed that the CLE genes of cotton exist in different tissues, developmental stages, and respond to abiotic stresses. Protein properties, structure prediction, protein interaction network prediction of GhCLE2, GhCLE33.2, and GhCLE28.1 peptides were, respectively, analyzed. In addition, the overexpression of GhCLE2, GhCLE33.2, or GhCLE28.1 in Arabidopsis, respectively, resulted in a distinctive shrub-like dwarf plant, slightly purple leaves, large rosettes with large malformed leaves, and lack of reproductive growth. This study provides important insights into the evolution of cotton CLEs and delineates the functional conservatism and divergence of CLE genes in the growth and development of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lin
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiugui Chen
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhenting Sun
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiulan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wuwei Ye
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zujun Yin
- Research Base, Zhengzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
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Jeon BW, Kim MJ, Pandey SK, Oh E, Seo PJ, Kim J. Recent advances in peptide signaling during Arabidopsis root development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2889-2902. [PMID: 33595615 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Roots provide the plant with water and nutrients and anchor it in a substrate. Root development is controlled by plant hormones and various sets of transcription factors. Recently, various small peptides and their cognate receptors have been identified as controlling root development. Small peptides bind to membrane-localized receptor-like kinases, inducing their dimerization with co-receptor proteins for signaling activation and giving rise to cellular signaling outputs. Small peptides function as local and long-distance signaling molecules involved in cell-to-cell communication networks, coordinating root development. In this review, we survey recent advances in the peptide ligand-mediated signaling pathways involved in the control of root development in Arabidopsis. We describe the interconnection between peptide signaling and conventional phytohormone signaling. Additionally, we discuss the diversity of identified peptide-receptor interactions during plant root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Wook Jeon
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Shashank K Pandey
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Eunkyoo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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Ou Y, Kui H, Li J. Receptor-like Kinases in Root Development: Current Progress and Future Directions. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:166-185. [PMID: 33316466 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell and cell-to-environment communications are critical to the growth and development of plants. Cell surface-localized receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are mainly involved in sensing various extracellular signals to initiate their corresponding cellular responses. As important vegetative organs for higher plants to adapt to a terrestrial living situation, roots play a critical role for the survival of plants. It has been demonstrated that RLKs control many biological processes during root growth and development. In this review, we summarize several key regulatory processes during Arabidopsis root development in which RLKs play critical roles. We also put forward a number of relevant questions that are required to be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Kui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Takahashi G, Betsuyaku S, Okuzumi N, Kiyosue T, Hirakawa Y. An Evolutionarily Conserved Coreceptor Gene Is Essential for CLAVATA Signaling in Marchantia polymorpha. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:657548. [PMID: 33927741 PMCID: PMC8076897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Growth and development of land plants are controlled by CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) family of peptide hormones. In contrast to the genetic diversity of CLE family in flowering plants, the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha possesses a minimal set of CLE, MpCLE1(TDIF homolog), and MpCLE2 (CLV3 homolog). MpCLE1 and MpCLE2 peptides exert distinct function at the apical meristem of M. polymorpha gametophyte via specific receptors, MpTDIF RECEPTOR (MpTDR) and MpCLAVATA1 (MpCLV1), respectively, both belonging to the subclass XI of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs). Biochemical and genetic studies in Arabidopsis have shown that TDR/PXY family and CLV1/BAM family recognize the CLE peptide ligand in a heterodimeric complex with a member of subclass-II coreceptors. Here we show that three LRR-RLK genes of M. polymorpha are classified into subclass II, representing three distinct subgroups evolutionarily conserved in land plants. To address the involvement of subclass-II coreceptors in M. polymorpha CLE signaling, we performed molecular genetic analysis on one of them, MpCLAVATA3 INSENSITIVE RECEPTOR KINASE (MpCIK). Two knockout alleles for MpCIK formed narrow apical meristems marked by prom MpYUC2:GUS marker, which were not expanded by MpCLE2 peptide treatment, phenocopying Mpclv1. Loss of sensitivity to MpCLE2 peptide was also observed in gemma cup formation in both Mpclv1 and Mpcik. Biochemical analysis using a Nicotiana benthamiana transient expression system revealed weak association between MpCIK and MpCLV1, as well as MpCIK and MpTDR. While MpCIK may also participate in MpCLE1 signaling, our data show that the conserved CLV3-CLV1-CIK module functions in M. polymorpha, controlling meristem activity for development and organ formation for asexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Natsuki Okuzumi
- Graduate School of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Hirakawa
- Graduate School of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yuki Hirakawa,
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BAM1/2 receptor kinase signaling drives CLE peptide-mediated formative cell divisions in Arabidopsis roots. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:32750-32756. [PMID: 33288706 PMCID: PMC7768756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018565117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper elaboration of the plant body plan requires that cell division patterns are coordinated during development in complex tissues. Activation of cell cycle machinery is critical for this process, but it is not clear how or if this links to cell-to-cell communication networks that are important during development. Here we show that key cell divisions that generate the plant root are controlled by cell-to-cell signaling peptides which act through plant-specific receptor kinases to control expression of a specific cyclinD cell cycle regulatory gene. We show that cyclinD gene expression depends on both receptor signaling and the SHORT-ROOT transcription factor to ensure timely and robust cell division patterns. Cell division is often regulated by extracellular signaling networks to ensure correct patterning during development. In Arabidopsis, the SHORT-ROOT (SHR)/SCARECROW (SCR) transcription factor dimer activates CYCLIND6;1 (CYCD6;1) to drive formative divisions during root ground tissue development. Here, we show plasma-membrane-localized BARELY ANY MERISTEM1/2 (BAM1/2) family receptor kinases are required for SHR-dependent formative divisions and CYCD6;1 expression, but not SHR-dependent ground tissue specification. Root-enriched CLE ligands bind the BAM1 extracellular domain and are necessary and sufficient to activate SHR-mediated divisions and CYCD6;1 expression. Correspondingly, BAM-CLE signaling contributes to the restriction of formative divisions to the distal root region. Additionally, genetic analysis reveals that BAM-CLE and SHR converge to regulate additional cell divisions outside of the ground tissues. Our work identifies an extracellular signaling pathway regulating formative root divisions and provides a framework to explore this pathway in patterning and evolution.
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