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Kourdova LT, Miranda AL, Ovejero M, Anastasía A, Genti-Raimondi S, Racca AC, Panzetta-Dutari GM. Krüppel-like factor 6 involvement in the endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis of extravillous trophoblasts. Placenta 2024; 155:42-51. [PMID: 39121586 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trophoblast homeostasis and differentiation require a proper endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. The Krüppel-like factor-6 (KLF6) transcription factor modulates trophoblast migration, differentiation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Since ROS may impact on ER homeostasis, we assessed whether downregulation of KLF6 altered the unfolded protein response (UPR) and cellular process associated with ER homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Protein and RNA expression were analyzed by Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively, in extravillous trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells silenced for KLF6. Apoptosis was detected by flow cell cytometry using Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit. Protein trafficking was assessed by confocal microscopy of a reporter fluorescent protein whose release from the ER was synchronized. RESULTS KLF6 downregulation reduced the expression of BiP, the master regulator of the UPR, at protein, mRNA, and pre-mRNA levels. Ire1α protein, XBP1 splicing, and DNAJB9 mRNA levels were also reduced in KLF6-silenced cells. Instead, PDI, Ero1α, and the p-eIF2α/eIF2α ratio as well as autophagy and proteasome dependent protein degradation remained unchanged while intracellular trafficking was increased. Under thapsigargin-induced stress, KLF6 silencing impaired BiP protein and mRNA expression increase, as well as the activation of the Ire1α pathway, but it raised the p-eIF2α/eIF2α ratio and CHOP protein levels. Nevertheless, apoptosis was not increased. DISCUSSION Results provide the first evidence of KLF6 as a modulator of the UPR components. The increase in protein trafficking and protection from apoptosis, observed in KLF6-silenced cells, are consistent with its role in extravillous trophoblast migration and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille T Kourdova
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrea L Miranda
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Milagros Ovejero
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra, (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Agustín Anastasía
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra, (INIMEC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Susana Genti-Raimondi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana C Racca
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Graciela M Panzetta-Dutari
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Ruturaj, Mishra M, Saha S, Maji S, Rodriguez-Boulan E, Schreiner R, Gupta A. Regulation of the apico-basolateral trafficking polarity of the homologous copper-ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261258. [PMID: 38032054 PMCID: PMC10729821 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The homologous P-type copper-ATPases (Cu-ATPases) ATP7A and ATP7B are the key regulators of copper homeostasis in mammalian cells. In polarized epithelia, upon copper treatment, ATP7A and ATP7B traffic from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to basolateral and apical membranes, respectively. We characterized the sorting pathways of Cu-ATPases between TGN and the plasma membrane and identified the machinery involved. ATP7A and ATP7B reside on distinct domains of TGN in limiting copper conditions, and in high copper, ATP7A traffics to basolateral membrane, whereas ATP7B traverses common recycling, apical sorting and apical recycling endosomes en route to apical membrane. Mass spectrometry identified regulatory partners of ATP7A and ATP7B that include the adaptor protein-1 complex. Upon knocking out pan-AP-1, sorting of both Cu-ATPases is disrupted. ATP7A loses its trafficking polarity and localizes on both apical and basolateral surfaces in high copper. By contrast, ATP7B loses TGN retention but retained its trafficking polarity to the apical domain, which became copper independent. Using isoform-specific knockouts, we found that the AP-1A complex provides directionality and TGN retention for both Cu-ATPases, whereas the AP-1B complex governs copper-independent trafficking of ATP7B solely. Trafficking phenotypes of Wilson disease-causing ATP7B mutants that disrupts putative ATP7B-AP1 interaction further substantiates the role of AP-1 in apical sorting of ATP7B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruturaj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Soumyendu Saha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Saptarshi Maji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Enrique Rodriguez-Boulan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Arnab Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
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3
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Li X, Liu B, Wen Y, Wang J, Guo YR, Shi A, Lin L. Coordination of RAB-8 and RAB-11 during unconventional protein secretion. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202306107. [PMID: 38019180 PMCID: PMC10686230 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202306107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple physiology-pertinent transmembrane proteins reach the cell surface via the Golgi-bypassing unconventional protein secretion (UcPS) pathway. By employing C. elegans-polarized intestine epithelia, we recently have revealed that the small GTPase RAB-8/Rab8 serves as an important player in the process. Nonetheless, its function and the relevant UcPS itinerary remain poorly understood. Here, we show that deregulated RAB-8 activity resulted in impaired apical UcPS, which increased sensitivity to infection and environmental stress. We also identified the SNARE VTI-1/Vti1a/b as a new RAB-8-interacting factor involved in the apical UcPS. Besides, RAB-11/Rab11 was capable of recruiting RABI-8/Rabin8 to reduce the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of SMGL-1/GEF toward RAB-8, indicating the necessity of a finely tuned RAB-8/RAB-11 network. Populations of RAB-8- and RAB-11-positive endosomal structures containing the apical UcPS cargo moved toward the apical side. In the absence of RAB-11 or its effectors, the cargo was retained in RAB-8- and RAB-11-positive endosomes, respectively, suggesting that these endosomes are utilized as intermediate carriers for the UcPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yusong R. Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Fischer AAM, Schatz L, Baaske J, Römer W, Weber W, Thuenauer R. Real-time monitoring of cell surface protein arrival with split luciferases. Traffic 2023; 24:453-462. [PMID: 37403269 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Each cell in a multicellular organism permanently adjusts the concentration of its cell surface proteins. In particular, epithelial cells tightly control the number of carriers, transporters and cell adhesion proteins at their plasma membrane. However, sensitively measuring the cell surface concentration of a particular protein of interest in live cells and in real time represents a considerable challenge. Here, we introduce a novel approach based on split luciferases, which uses one luciferase fragment as a tag on the protein of interest and the second fragment as a supplement to the extracellular medium. Once the protein of interest arrives at the cell surface, the luciferase fragments complement and generate luminescence. We compared the performance of split Gaussia luciferase and split Nanoluciferase by using a system to synchronize biosynthetic trafficking with conditional aggregation domains. The best results were achieved with split Nanoluciferase, for which luminescence increased more than 6000-fold upon recombination. Furthermore, we showed that our approach can separately detect and quantify the arrival of membrane proteins at the apical and basolateral plasma membrane in single polarized epithelial cells by detecting the luminescence signals with a microscope, thus opening novel avenues for characterizing the variations in trafficking in individual epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A M Fischer
- Signaling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Schatz
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
- Technology Platform Light Microscopy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Baaske
- Signaling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Signaling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- Signaling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
- Technology Platform Light Microscopy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Technology Platform Microscopy and Image Analysis (TP MIA), Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Shaping subcellular tubes through vesicle trafficking: Common and distinct pathways. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 133:74-82. [PMID: 35365398 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cells with subcellular lumens form some of the most miniature tubes in the tubular organs of animals. These are often crucial components of the system, executing functions at remote body locations. Unlike tubes formed by intercellular or autocellular junctions, the cells with junctionless subcellular lumens face unique challenges in modifying the cell shape and plasma membrane organization to incorporate a membrane-bound tube within, often associated with dramatic cellular growth and extensions. Results in the recent years have shown that membrane dynamics, including both the primary delivery and recycling, is crucial in providing the cell with the flexibility to face these challenges. A significant portion of this information has come from two in vivo invertebrate models; the Drosophila tracheal terminal cells and the C. elegans excretory cell. This review focuses on the data obtained from these systems in the recent past about how trafficking pathways influence subcellular tube and branching morphogenesis. Given that such tubes occur in vertebrate vasculature, these insights are relevant to human health, and we contrast our conclusions with the less understood subcellular tubes of angiogenesis.
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Sandoval L, Labarca M, Retamal C, Sánchez P, Larraín J, González A. Sonic hedgehog is basolaterally sorted from the TGN and transcytosed to the apical domain involving Dispatched-1 at Rab11-ARE. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:833175. [PMID: 36568977 PMCID: PMC9768590 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.833175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog proteins (Hhs) secretion from apical and/or basolateral domains occurs in different epithelial cells impacting development and tissue homeostasis. Palmitoylation and cholesteroylation attach Hhs to membranes, and Dispatched-1 (Disp-1) promotes their release. How these lipidated proteins are handled by the complex secretory and endocytic pathways of polarized epithelial cells remains unknown. We show that polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells address newly synthesized sonic hedgehog (Shh) from the TGN to the basolateral cell surface and then to the apical domain through a transcytosis pathway that includes Rab11-apical recycling endosomes (Rab11-ARE). Both palmitoylation and cholesteroylation contribute to this sorting behavior, otherwise Shh lacking these lipid modifications is secreted unpolarized. Disp-1 mediates first basolateral secretion from the TGN and then transcytosis from Rab11-ARE. At the steady state, Shh predominates apically and can be basolaterally transcytosed. This Shh trafficking provides several steps for regulation and variation in different epithelia, subordinating the apical to the basolateral secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Sandoval
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Labarca
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Retamal
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Sánchez
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Larraín
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Alfonso González,
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7
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Bona A, Seifert M, Thünauer R, Zodel K, Frew IJ, Römer W, Walz G, Yakulov TA. MARVEL domain containing CMTM4 affects CXCR4 trafficking. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar116. [PMID: 36044337 PMCID: PMC9634968 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-05-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The MARVEL proteins CMTM4 and CMTM6 control PD-L1, thereby influencing tumor immunity. We found that defective zebrafish cmtm4 slowed the development of the posterior lateral line (pLL) by altering the Cxcr4b gradient across the pLL primordium (pLLP). Analysis in mammalian cells uncovered that CMTM4 interacted with CXCR4, altering its glycosylation pattern, but did not affect internalization or degradation of CXCR4 in the absence of its ligand CXCL12. Synchronized release of CXCR4 from the endoplasmic reticulum revealed that CMTM4 slowed CXCR4 trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane without affecting overall cell surface expression. Altered CXCR4 trafficking reduced ligand-induced CXCR4 degradation and affected AKT but not ERK1/2 activation. CMTM4 expression, in contrast to that of CXCR4, correlated with the survival of patients with renal cell cancer in the TCGA cohort. Furthermore, we observed that cmtm4 depletion promotes the separation of cells from the pLLP cell cluster in zebrafish embryos. Collectively, our findings indicate that CMTM4 exerts general roles in the biosynthetic pathway of cell surface molecules and seems to affect CXCR4-dependent cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bona
- Renal Division and,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,*Address correspondence to: Alexandra Bona (); Toma A. Yakulov ()
| | | | - Roland Thünauer
- Technology Platform Light Microscopy and Image Analysis (TP MIA), Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany,Advanced Light and Fluorescence Microscopy (ALFM) Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kyra Zodel
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian J. Frew
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS
| | - Winfried Römer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), and,Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Walz
- Renal Division and,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS
| | - Toma A. Yakulov
- Renal Division and,*Address correspondence to: Alexandra Bona (); Toma A. Yakulov ()
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Villari G, Gioelli N, Valdembri D, Serini G. Vesicle choreographies keep up cell-to-extracellular matrix adhesion dynamics in polarized epithelial and endothelial cells. Matrix Biol 2022; 112:62-71. [PMID: 35961423 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In metazoans, cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) drives the development, functioning, and repair of different tissues, organs, and systems. Disruption or dysregulation of cell-to-ECM adhesion promote the initiation and progression of several diseases, such as bleeding, immune disorders and cancer. Integrins are major ECM transmembrane receptors, whose function depends on both allosteric changes and exo-endocytic traffic, which carries them to and from the plasma membrane. In apico-basally polarized cells, asymmetric adhesion to the ECM is maintained by continuous targeting of the plasma membrane by vesicles coming from the trans Golgi network and carrying ECM proteins. Active integrin-bound ECM is indeed endocytosed and replaced by the exocytosis of fresh ECM. Such vesicular traffic is finely driven by the teamwork of microtubules (MTs) and their associated kinesin and dynein motors. Here, we review the main cytoskeletal actors involved in the control of the spatiotemporal distribution of active integrins and their ECM ligands, highlighting the key role of the synchronous (ant)agonistic cooperation between MT motors transporting vesicular cargoes, in the same or in opposite direction, in the regulation of traffic logistics, and the establishment of epithelial and endothelial cell polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Villari
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Noemi Gioelli
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
| | - Guido Serini
- Candiolo Cancer Institute - Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, 10060, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
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Wang X, Li X, Wang J, Wang J, Hu C, Zeng J, Shi A, Lin L. SMGL-1/NBAS acts as a RAB-8 GEF to regulate unconventional protein secretion. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213235. [PMID: 35604368 PMCID: PMC9129922 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unconventional protein secretion (UPS) pathways are conserved across species. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate Golgi-bypassing UPS of integral proteins remain elusive. In this study, we show that RAB-8 and SMGL-1/NBAS are required for the UPS of integral proteins in C. elegans intestine. SMGL-1 resides in the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment and adjacent RAB-8-positive structures, and NRZ complex component CZW-1/ZW10 is required for this residency. Notably, SMGL-1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RAB-8, ensuring UPS of integral proteins by driving the activation of RAB-8. Furthermore, we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection elevated the expression of SMGL-1 and RAB-8. Loss of SMGL-1 or RAB-8 compromised resistance to environmental colchicine, arsenite, and pathogenic bacteria. These results suggest that the SMGL-1/RAB-8-mediated UPS could integrate environmental signals to serve as a host defense response. Together, by establishing the C. elegans intestine as a multicellular model, our findings provide insights into RAB-8-dependent Golgi-bypassing UPS, especially in the context of epithelia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junkai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Correspondence to Anbing Shi:
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Long Lin:
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10
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The Lectin LecB Induces Patches with Basolateral Characteristics at the Apical Membrane to Promote Pseudomonas aeruginosa Host Cell Invasion. mBio 2022; 13:e0081922. [PMID: 35491830 PMCID: PMC9239240 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00819-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa can infect mucosal tissues of the human body. To persist at the mucosal barrier, this highly adaptable pathogen has evolved many strategies, including invasion of host cells. Here, we show that the P. aeruginosa lectin LecB binds and cross-links fucosylated receptors at the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells. This triggers a signaling cascade via Src kinases and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), leading to the formation of patches enriched with the basolateral marker phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) at the apical plasma membrane. This identifies LecB as a causative bacterial factor for activating this well-known host cell response that is elicited upon apical binding of P. aeruginosa. Downstream from PI3K, Rac1 is activated to cause actin rearrangement and the outgrowth of protrusions at the apical plasma membrane. LecB-triggered PI3K activation also results in aberrant recruitment of caveolin-1 to the apical domain. In addition, we reveal a positive feedback loop between PI3K activation and apical caveolin-1 recruitment, which provides a mechanistic explanation for the previously observed implication of caveolin-1 in P. aeruginosa host cell invasion. Interestingly, LecB treatment also reversibly removes primary cilia. To directly prove the role of LecB for bacterial uptake, we coated bacterium-sized beads with LecB, which drastically enhanced their endocytosis. Furthermore, LecB deletion and LecB inhibition with l-fucose diminished the invasion efficiency of P. aeruginosa bacteria. Taken together, the results of our study identify LecB as a missing link that can explain how PI3K signaling and caveolin-1 recruitment are triggered to facilitate invasion of epithelial cells from the apical side by P. aeruginosa.
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11
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BARS Influences Neuronal Development by Regulation of Post-Golgi Trafficking. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081320. [PMID: 35455998 PMCID: PMC9026897 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons are highly polarized cells requiring precise regulation of trafficking and targeting of membrane proteins to generate and maintain different and specialized compartments, such as axons and dendrites. Disruption of the Golgi apparatus (GA) secretory pathway in developing neurons alters axon/dendritic formation. Therefore, detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying vesicles exiting from the GA is crucial for understanding neuronal polarity. In this study, we analyzed the role of Brefeldin A-Ribosylated Substrate (CtBP1-S/BARS), a member of the C-terminal-binding protein family, in the regulation of neuronal morphological polarization and the exit of membrane proteins from the Trans Golgi Network. Here, we show that BARS is expressed during neuronal development in vitro and that RNAi suppression of BARS inhibits axonal and dendritic elongation in hippocampal neuronal cultures as well as largely perturbed neuronal migration and multipolar-to-bipolar transition during cortical development in situ. In addition, using plasma membrane (PM) proteins fused to GFP and engineered with reversible aggregation domains, we observed that expression of fission dominant-negative BARS delays the exit of dendritic and axonal membrane protein-containing carriers from the GA. Taken together, these data provide the first set of evidence suggesting a role for BARS in neuronal development by regulating post-Golgi membrane trafficking.
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12
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Levic DS, Bagnat M. Self-organization of apical membrane protein sorting in epithelial cells. FEBS J 2022; 289:659-670. [PMID: 33864720 PMCID: PMC8522177 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Polarized epithelial cells are characterized by the asymmetric distribution of proteins between apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. This asymmetry is highly conserved and is fundamental to epithelial cell physiology, development, and homeostasis. How proteins are segregated for apical or basolateral delivery, a process known as sorting, has been the subject of considerable investigation for decades. Despite these efforts, the rules guiding apical sorting are poorly understood and remain controversial. Here, we consider mechanisms of apical membrane protein sorting and argue that they are largely driven by self-organization and biophysical principles. The preponderance of data to date is consistent with the idea that apical sorting is not ruled by a dedicated protein-based sorting machinery and relies instead on the concerted effects of oligomerization, phase separation of lipids and proteins in membranes, and pH-dependent glycan interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Levic
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA,Correspondence to Michel Bagnat: or Dan Levic:
| | - Michel Bagnat
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA,Correspondence to Michel Bagnat: or Dan Levic:
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13
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Chen Y, Gu X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Liu M, Sun S, Dong N, Wu Q. CD320 expression and apical membrane targeting in renal and intestinal epithelial cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:85-92. [PMID: 34998874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient acquired via dietary intake. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a key mechanism in vitamin B12 absorption, cellular uptake, and reabsorption. CD320 is a type I transmembrane protein responsible for cellular uptake of vitamin B12 in peripheral tissues. In this study, we examined segmental distribution and cellular expression of CD320 in mouse kidneys and intestines. We show that CD320 is expressed on the luminal surface in the small intestine and in proximal tubules in the kidney, suggesting that, in addition to its role in vitamin B12 uptake in peripheral tissues, CD320 may participate in vitamin B12 absorption in the small intestine and reabsorption in the kidney. Moreover, we show that an amino acid motif, DSSDE, in the second low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain of CD320 is a key apical membrane targeting signal in both renal and intestinal epithelial cells. Mutations or deletion of this motif abolish the specific apical membrane expression of CD320 in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and human colon cancer-derived Caco-2 cells. In short-hairpin RNA-based gene knockdown experiments, we show that the apical membrane targeting of CD320 is mediated by a Rab11a-dependent mechanism. These results extend our knowledge regarding the cell biology of CD320 and its role in vitamin B12 metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiabing Gu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yikai Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shijin Sun
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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14
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Lázaro-Diéguez F, Müsch A. Live-cell Imaging of Biosynthetic Protein Transport in Hepatocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2544:145-157. [PMID: 36125716 PMCID: PMC9627190 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2557-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a strategy to analyze the exit of apical and basolateral cargo from the trans-Golgi network in primary hepatocytes. The method is based on recombinant adenovirus-mediated infection combined with a pulse-chase regimen and live-cell imaging analysis of fluorescent protein-tagged dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) and vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSVG) cargo proteins, coexpressed and accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum via DPPIV aggregation through an engineered conditional aggregation domain and VSVG by exploiting the aggregation of the ts045 mutant at its non-permissive temperature of 40 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Lázaro-Diéguez
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Anne Müsch
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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15
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Wang S, Yao L, Zhang W, Cheng Z, Hu C, Liu H, Yan Y, Shi A. AP-1 Recruits SMAP-1/SMAPs to the trans-Golgi Network to Promote Sorting in Polarized Epithelia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:774401. [PMID: 34901019 PMCID: PMC8655793 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.774401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated AP-1 and clathrin coat assembly mediate secretory sorting on the trans-Golgi network (TGN) during conventional secretion. Here we found that SMAP-1/SMAPs deficiency caused the apical protein ERM-1 to accumulate on the basolateral side of the TGN. In contrast, the basolateral protein SLCF-1 appeared abnormally on the apical membrane. SMAP-1 colocalized with AP-1 on the TGN. The integrity of AP-1 is required for the subcellular presence of SMAP-1. Moreover, we found that the loss of SMAP-1 reduced clathrin-positive structures in the cytosol, suggesting that SMAP-1 has a regulatory role in clathrin assembly on the TGN. Functional experiments showed that overexpressing clathrin effectively alleviated exocytic defects due to the lack of SMAP-1, corroborating the role of SMAP-1 in promoting the assembly of clathrin on the TGN. Together, our results suggested that the AP-1 complex regulates the TGN localization of SMAP-1, promoting clathrin assembly to ensure polarized conventional secretion in C. elegans intestinal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longfeng Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anbing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Cell Architecture Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Ebke LA, Sinha S, Pauer GJT, Hagstrom SA. Photoreceptor Compartment-Specific TULP1 Interactomes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158066. [PMID: 34360830 PMCID: PMC8348715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptors are highly compartmentalized cells with large amounts of proteins synthesized in the inner segment (IS) and transported to the outer segment (OS) and synaptic terminal. Tulp1 is a photoreceptor-specific protein localized to the IS and synapse. In the absence of Tulp1, several OS-specific proteins are mislocalized and synaptic vesicle recycling is impaired. To better understand the involvement of Tulp1 in protein trafficking, our approach in the current study was to physically isolate Tulp1-containing photoreceptor compartments by serial tangential sectioning of retinas and to identify compartment-specific Tulp1 binding partners by immunoprecipitation followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Our results indicate that Tulp1 has two distinct interactomes. We report the identification of: (1) an IS-specific interaction between Tulp1 and the motor protein Kinesin family member 3a (Kif3a), (2) a synaptic-specific interaction between Tulp1 and the scaffold protein Ribeye, and (3) an interaction between Tulp1 and the cytoskeletal protein microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) in both compartments. Immunolocalization studies in the wild-type retina indicate that Tulp1 and its binding partners co-localize to their respective compartments. Our observations are compatible with Tulp1 functioning in protein trafficking in multiple photoreceptor compartments, likely as an adapter molecule linking vesicles to molecular motors and the cytoskeletal scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A. Ebke
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (L.A.E.); (S.S.); (G.J.T.P.)
| | - Satyabrata Sinha
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (L.A.E.); (S.S.); (G.J.T.P.)
| | - Gayle J. T. Pauer
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (L.A.E.); (S.S.); (G.J.T.P.)
| | - Stephanie A. Hagstrom
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (L.A.E.); (S.S.); (G.J.T.P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence:
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17
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Wu SH, Chang MH, Chen YH, Wu HL, Chua HH, Chien CS, Ni YH, Chen HL, Chen HL. The ESCRT-III molecules regulate the apical targeting of bile salt export pump. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:19. [PMID: 33750401 PMCID: PMC7941988 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The bile salt export pump (BSEP) is a pivotal apical/canalicular bile salt transporter in hepatocytes that drives the bile flow. Defects in BSEP function and canalicular expression could lead to a spectrum of cholestatic liver diseases. One prominent manifestation of BSEP-associated cholestasis is the defective canalicular localization and cytoplasmic retention of BSEP. However, the etiology of impaired BSEP targeting to the canalicular membrane is not fully understood. Our goal was to discover what molecule could interact with BSEP and affect its post-Golgi sorting. Methods The human BSEP amino acids (a.a.) 491-630 was used as bait to screen a human fetal liver cDNA library through yeast two-hybrid system. We identified a BSEP-interacting candidate and showed the interaction and colocalization in the co-immunoprecipitation in hepatoma cell lines and histological staining in human liver samples. Temperature shift assays were used to study the post-Golgi trafficking of BSEP. We further determine the functional impacts of the BSEP-interacting candidate on BSEP in vitro. A hydrodynamically injected mouse model was established for in vivo characterizing the long-term impacts on BSEP. Results We identified that charged multivesicular body protein 5 (CHMP5), a molecule of the endosomal protein complex required for transport subcomplex-III (ESCRT-III), interacted and co-localized with BSEP in the subapical compartments (SACs) in developing human livers. Cholestatic BSEP mutations in the CHMP5-interaction region have defects in canalicular targeting and aberrant retention at the SACs. Post-Golgi delivery of BSEP and bile acid secretion were impaired in ESCRT-III perturbation or CHMP5-knockdown hepatic cellular and mouse models. This ESCRT-III-mediated BSEP sorting preceded Rab11A-regulated apical cycling of BSEP. Conclusions Our results showed the first example that ESCRT-III is essential for canalicular trafficking of apical membrane proteins, and provide new targets for therapeutic approaches in BSEP associated cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Hsin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hwei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Lin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Huey Chua
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sung Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Medical Microbiota Center of the First Core Laboratory, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Huey-Ling Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Bioethics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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18
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Zhang C, Chen Y, Sun S, Zhang Y, Wang L, Luo Z, Liu M, Dong L, Dong N, Wu Q. A conserved LDL-receptor motif regulates corin and CD320 membrane targeting in polarized renal epithelial cells. eLife 2020; 9:56059. [PMID: 33136001 PMCID: PMC7605860 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective protein distribution on distinct plasma membranes is important for epithelial cell function. To date, how proteins are directed to specific epithelial cell surface is not fully understood. Here we report a conserved DSSDE motif in LDL-receptor (LDLR) modules of corin (a transmembrane serine protease) and CD320 (a receptor for vitamin B12 uptake), which regulates apical membrane targeting in renal epithelial cells. Altering this motif prevents specific apical corin and CD320 expression in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Mechanistic studies indicate that this DSSDE motif participates in a Rab11a-dependent mechanism that specifies apical sorting. In MDCK cells, inhibition of Rab11a, but not Rab11b, expression leads to corin and CD320 expression on both apical and basolateral membranes. Together, our results reveal a novel molecular recognition mechanism that regulates LDLR module-containing proteins in their specific apical expression in polarized renal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shijin Sun
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yikai Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhipu Luo
- Institute of Molecular Enzymology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
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19
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Chen HY, Kelley RA, Li T, Swaroop A. Primary cilia biogenesis and associated retinal ciliopathies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 110:70-88. [PMID: 32747192 PMCID: PMC7855621 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The primary cilium is a ubiquitous microtubule-based organelle that senses external environment and modulates diverse signaling pathways in different cell types and tissues. The cilium originates from the mother centriole through a complex set of cellular events requiring hundreds of distinct components. Aberrant ciliogenesis or ciliary transport leads to a broad spectrum of clinical entities with overlapping yet highly variable phenotypes, collectively called ciliopathies, which include sensory defects and syndromic disorders with multi-organ pathologies. For efficient light detection, photoreceptors in the retina elaborate a modified cilium known as the outer segment, which is packed with membranous discs enriched for components of the phototransduction machinery. Retinopathy phenotype involves dysfunction and/or degeneration of the light sensing photoreceptors and is highly penetrant in ciliopathies. This review will discuss primary cilia biogenesis and ciliopathies, with a focus on the retina, and the role of CP110-CEP290-CC2D2A network. We will also explore how recent technologies can advance our understanding of cilia biology and discuss new paradigms for developing potential therapies of retinal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Y Chen
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, MSC0610, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Ryan A Kelley
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, MSC0610, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiansen Li
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, MSC0610, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anand Swaroop
- Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, MSC0610, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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20
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Schubert T, Sych T, Madl J, Xu M, Omidvar R, Patalag LJ, Ries A, Kettelhoit K, Brandel A, Mely Y, Steinem C, Werz DB, Thuenauer R, Römer W. Differential recognition of lipid domains by two Gb3-binding lectins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9752. [PMID: 32546842 PMCID: PMC7297801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The two lectins LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the B-subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae (StxB) share the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) as receptor. Counterintuitively, we found that LecA and StxB segregated into different domains after recognizing Gb3 at the plasma membrane of cells. We hypothesized that the orientation of the carbohydrate head group of Gb3 embedded in the lipid bilayer differentially influences LecA and StxB binding. To test this hypothesis, we reconstituted lectin-Gb3 interaction using giant unilamellar vesicles and were indeed able to rebuild LecA and StxB segregation. Both, the Gb3 fatty acyl chain structure and the local membrane environment, modulated Gb3 recognition by LecA and StxB. Specifically, StxB preferred more ordered membranes compared to LecA. Based on our findings, we propose comparing staining patterns of LecA and StxB as an alternative method to assess membrane order in cells. To verify this approach, we re-established that the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells is more ordered than the basolateral plasma membrane. Additionally, we found that StxB recognized Gb3 at the primary cilium and the periciliary membrane, whereas LecA only bound periciliary Gb3. This suggests that the ciliary membrane is of higher order than the surrounding periciliary membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schubert
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Toolbox, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Taras Sych
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maokai Xu
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ramin Omidvar
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annika Ries
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Kettelhoit
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annette Brandel
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yves Mely
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Advanced Light and Fluorescence Microscopy Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB) and University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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21
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The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lectin LecB Causes Integrin Internalization and Inhibits Epithelial Wound Healing. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.03260-19. [PMID: 32156827 PMCID: PMC7064779 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03260-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous environmental bacterium that is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections. P. aeruginosa is able to switch between planktonic, intracellular, and biofilm-based lifestyles, which allows it to evade the immune system as well as antibiotic treatment. Hence, alternatives to antibiotic treatment are urgently required to combat P. aeruginosa infections. Lectins, like the fucose-specific LecB, are promising targets, because removal of LecB resulted in decreased virulence in mouse models. Currently, several research groups are developing LecB inhibitors. However, the role of LecB in host-pathogen interactions is not well understood. The significance of our research is in identifying cellular mechanisms of how LecB facilitates P. aeruginosa infection. We introduce LecB as a new member of the list of bacterial molecules that bind integrins and show that P. aeruginosa can move forward underneath attached epithelial cells by loosening cell-basement membrane attachment in a LecB-dependent manner. The opportunistic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces the fucose-specific lectin LecB, which has been identified as a virulence factor. LecB has a tetrameric structure with four opposing binding sites and has been shown to act as a cross-linker. Here, we demonstrate that LecB strongly binds to the glycosylated moieties of β1-integrins on the basolateral plasma membrane of epithelial cells and causes rapid integrin endocytosis. Whereas internalized integrins were degraded via a lysosomal pathway, washout of LecB restored integrin cell surface localization, thus indicating a specific and direct action of LecB on integrins to bring about their endocytosis. Interestingly, LecB was able to trigger uptake of active and inactive β1-integrins and also of complete α3β1-integrin–laminin complexes. We provide a mechanistic explanation for this unique endocytic process by showing that LecB has the additional ability to recognize fucose-bearing glycosphingolipids and causes the formation of membrane invaginations on giant unilamellar vesicles. In cells, LecB recruited integrins to these invaginations by cross-linking integrins and glycosphingolipids. In epithelial wound healing assays, LecB specifically cleared integrins from the surface of cells located at the wound edge and blocked cell migration and wound healing in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the wild-type P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 was able to loosen cell-substrate adhesion in order to crawl underneath exposed cells, whereas knockout of LecB significantly reduced crawling events. Based on these results, we suggest that LecB has a role in disseminating bacteria along the cell-basement membrane interface.
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22
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Araki S, Nakano M, Tsugane M, Sunaga F, Hattori M, Nakano M, Nagai T, Suzuki H. A simple microfluidic device for live-imaging of the vertical section of epithelial cells. Analyst 2020; 145:667-674. [PMID: 31799546 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02165e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the capability of simple microfluidic devices with trenches having vertical sidewalls for live-cell fluorescence imaging of adherent cells. An epithelial cell line that forms a two-dimensional (2D) sheet was cultured to adhere to the vertical sidewall so that its vertical section can be imaged directly using ordinal inverted-type laser-scanning microscopy. The material and the structure of the device were characterized. We show that the detailed distribution of intracellular organelles, such as microtubules and mitochondria, and of intercellular apparatus, such as claudin and zonula occludens, can be imaged with high spatio-temporal resolution with a single scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Araki
- Precision Engineering Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Precision Engineering Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Mamiko Tsugane
- Dept. Precision Mechanics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Sunaga
- Dept. Precision Mechanics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Hattori
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakano
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takeharu Nagai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Precision Engineering Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan. and Dept. Precision Mechanics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
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23
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Kampf LL, Schneider R, Gerstner L, Thünauer R, Chen M, Helmstädter M, Amar A, Onuchic-Whitford AC, Loza Munarriz R, Berdeli A, Müller D, Schrezenmeier E, Budde K, Mane S, Laricchia KM, Rehm HL, MacArthur DG, Lifton RP, Walz G, Römer W, Bergmann C, Hildebrandt F, Hermle T. TBC1D8B Mutations Implicate RAB11-Dependent Vesicular Trafficking in the Pathogenesis of Nephrotic Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:2338-2353. [PMID: 31732614 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019040414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in about 50 genes have been identified as monogenic causes of nephrotic syndrome, a frequent cause of CKD. These genes delineated the pathogenetic pathways and rendered significant insight into podocyte biology. METHODS We used whole-exome sequencing to identify novel monogenic causes of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). We analyzed the functional significance of an SRNS-associated gene in vitro and in podocyte-like Drosophila nephrocytes. RESULTS We identified hemizygous missense mutations in the gene TBC1D8B in five families with nephrotic syndrome. Coimmunoprecipitation assays indicated interactions between TBC1D8B and active forms of RAB11. Silencing TBC1D8B in HEK293T cells increased basal autophagy and exocytosis, two cellular functions that are independently regulated by RAB11. This suggests that TBC1D8B plays a regulatory role by inhibiting endogenous RAB11. Coimmunoprecipitation assays showed TBC1D8B also interacts with the slit diaphragm protein nephrin, and colocalizes with it in immortalized cell lines. Overexpressed murine Tbc1d8b with patient-derived mutations had lower affinity for endogenous RAB11 and nephrin compared with wild-type Tbc1d8b protein. Knockdown of Tbc1d8b in Drosophila impaired function of the podocyte-like nephrocytes, and caused mistrafficking of Sns, the Drosophila ortholog of nephrin. Expression of Rab11 RNAi in nephrocytes entailed defective delivery of slit diaphragm protein to the membrane, whereas RAB11 overexpression revealed a partial phenotypic overlap to Tbc1d8b loss of function. CONCLUSIONS Novel mutations in TBC1D8B are monogenic causes of SRNS. This gene inhibits RAB11. Our findings suggest that RAB11-dependent vesicular nephrin trafficking plays a role in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina L Kampf
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ronen Schneider
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lea Gerstner
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Thünauer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Advanced Light and Fluorescence Microscopy Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB) and University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Helmstädter
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ali Amar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana C Onuchic-Whitford
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Afig Berdeli
- Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Schrezenmeier
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kristen M Laricchia
- Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge
| | - Daniel G MacArthur
- Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Gerd Walz
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Center for Human Genetics, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia, Ingelheim, Germany; and.,Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;
| | - Tobias Hermle
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;
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24
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Abstract
Rods and cones are retinal photoreceptor neurons required for our visual sensation. Because of their highly polarized structures and well-characterized processes of G protein-coupled receptor-mediated phototransduction signaling, these photoreceptors have been excellent models for studying the compartmentalization and sorting of proteins. Rods and cones have a modified ciliary compartment called the outer segment (OS) as well as non-OS compartments. The distinct membrane protein compositions between OS and non-OS compartments suggest that the OS is separated from the rest of the cellular compartments by multiple barriers or gates that are selectively permissive to specific cargoes. This review discusses the mechanisms of protein sorting and compartmentalization in photoreceptor neurons. Proper sorting and compartmentalization of membrane proteins are required for signal transduction and transmission. This review also discusses the roles of compartmentalized signaling, which is compromised in various retinal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Imanishi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA;
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25
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Carter SP, Blacque OE. Membrane retrieval, recycling and release pathways that organise and sculpt the ciliary membrane. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 59:133-139. [PMID: 31146146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule-based cilium that extends from the surface of most eukaryotic cell types serves motility, sensory reception and cell-cell signaling functions, and is disrupted in wide-ranging ciliopathy disorders. The cilium is heavily reliant on dynamic and tuneable intracellular trafficking systems such as intraflagellar transport and Golgi-derived secretory pathways, which control the organelle's structure, function and molecular composition. More recently, endosomal retrieval and recycling, as well as extracellular vesicle (EV) release, pathways have been associated with ciliary membrane control. Here, we discuss the emerging role of these pathways in the control of ciliary membrane homeostasis. The new findings provide a deeper and more integrated understanding of how the ciliary membrane is organised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Carter
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Oliver E Blacque
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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26
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Gravotta D, Perez Bay A, Jonker CTH, Zager PJ, Benedicto I, Schreiner R, Caceres PS, Rodriguez-Boulan E. Clathrin and clathrin adaptor AP-1 control apical trafficking of megalin in the biosynthetic and recycling routes. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1716-1728. [PMID: 31091172 PMCID: PMC6727755 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-12-0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Megalin (gp330, LRP-2) is a protein structurally related to the low-density lipoprotein receptor family that displays a large luminal domain with multiligand binding properties. Megalin localizes to the apical surface of multiple epithelia, where it participates in endocytosis of a variety of ligands performing roles important for development or homeostasis. We recently described the apical recycling pathway of megalin in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and found that it is a long-lived, fast recycling receptor with a recycling turnover of 15 min and a half-life of 4.8 h. Previous work implicated clathrin and clathrin adaptors in the polarized trafficking of fast recycling basolateral receptors. Hence, here we study the role of clathrin and clathrin adaptors in megalin’s apical localization and trafficking. Targeted silencing of clathrin or the γ1 subunit of clathrin adaptor AP-1 by RNA interference in MDCK cells disrupted apical localization of megalin, causing its redistribution to the basolateral membrane. In contrast, silencing of the γ2 subunit of AP-1 had no effect on megalin polarity. Trafficking assays we developed using FM4-HA-miniMegalin-GFP, a reversible conditional endoplasmic reticulum–retained chimera, revealed that clathrin and AP-1 silencing disrupted apical sorting of megalin in both biosynthetic and recycling routes. Our experiments demonstrate that clathrin and AP-1 control the sorting of an apical transmembrane protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gravotta
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Andres Perez Bay
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Caspar T H Jonker
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Patrick J Zager
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Ignacio Benedicto
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Ryan Schreiner
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Paulo S Caceres
- Margaret Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
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27
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Stroukov W, Rösch A, Schwan C, Jeney A, Römer W, Thuenauer R. Synchronizing Protein Traffic to the Primary Cilium. Front Genet 2019; 10:163. [PMID: 30906310 PMCID: PMC6419537 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is able to maintain a specific protein composition, which is critical for its function as a signaling organelle. Here we introduce a system to synchronize biosynthetic trafficking of ciliary proteins that is based on conditional aggregation domains (CADs). This approach enables to create a wave of ciliary proteins that are transported together, which opens novel avenues for visualizing and studying ciliary import mechanisms. By using somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3) as model protein we studied intracellular transport and ciliary import with high temporal and spatial resolution in epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. This yielded the interesting discovery that SSTR3, besides being transported to the primary cilium, is also targeted to the basolateral plasma membrane. In addition, we found a similar behavior for another ciliary protein, nephrocystin-3 (NPHP3), thus suggesting a potential correlation between ciliary and basolateral trafficking. Furthermore, our CAD-based system allowed assembling a large dataset in which apical and basolateral surface SSTR3 signals could be compared to ciliary SSTR3 signals on a single cell level. This enabled to generate novel complementary evidence for the previously proposed lateral import mechanism of SSTR3 into the cilium along the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wladislaw Stroukov
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Axel Rösch
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Schwan
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Abris Jeney
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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28
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The Late Endosomal Pathway Regulates the Ciliary Targeting of Tetraspanin Protein Peripherin 2. J Neurosci 2019; 39:3376-3393. [PMID: 30819798 PMCID: PMC6495125 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2811-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripherin 2 (PRPH2) is a tetraspanin protein concentrated in the light-sensing cilium (called the outer segment) of the vertebrate photoreceptor. The mechanism underlying the ciliary targeting of PRPH2 and the etiology of cone dystrophy caused by PRPH2 mutations remain elusive. Here we show that the late endosome (LE) is the main waystation that critically sorts newly synthesized PRPH2 to the cilium. PRPH2 is expressed in the luminal membrane of the LE. We delineate multiple C-terminal motifs of PRPH2 that distinctively regulate its LE and ciliary targeting through ubiquitination and binding to ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport) component Hrs. Using the newly developed TetOn-inducible system in transfected male and female mouse cones in vivo, we show that the entry of nascent PRPH2 into the cone outer segment can be blocked by either cone dystrophy-causing C-terminal mutations of PRPH2, or by short-term perturbation of the LE or recycling endosomal traffic. These findings open new avenues of research to explore the biological role of the LE in the biosynthetic pathway and the etiology of cone dystrophy caused by PRPH2 mutations and/or malfunctions of the LE.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Peripherin 2 (PRPH2) is a tetraspanin protein abundantly expressed in the light-sensing cilium, the outer segment, of the vertebrate photoreceptor. The mechanism underlying the ciliary transport of PRPH2 is unclear. The present study reveals a novel ciliary targeting pathway, in which the newly synthesized PRPH2 is first targeted to the lumen of the late endosome (LE) en route to the cilia. We deciphered the protein motifs and the machinery that regulates the LE trafficking of PRPH2. Using a novel TetOn-inducible system in transfected mouse cones, we showed that the LE pathway of PRPH2 is critical for its outer segment expression. A cone dystrophy-causing mutation impairs the LE and ciliary targeting of PRPH2, implicating the relevance of LE to cone/macular degenerative diseases.
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29
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Ringer K, Riehl J, Müller M, Dewes J, Hoff F, Jacob R. The large GTPase Mx1 binds Kif5B for cargo transport along microtubules. Traffic 2018; 19:947-964. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ringer
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
- DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | - Jana Riehl
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | - Manuel Müller
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | - Jenny Dewes
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | - Florian Hoff
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
| | - Ralf Jacob
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
- DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling; Philipps University of Marburg; Marburg Germany
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30
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Hönig E, Ringer K, Dewes J, von Mach T, Kamm N, Kreitzer G, Jacob R. Galectin-3 modulates the polarized surface delivery of β1-integrin in epithelial cells. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.213199. [PMID: 29748377 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.213199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells require a precise intracellular transport and sorting machinery to establish and maintain their polarized architecture. This machinery includes β-galactoside-binding galectins for targeting of glycoprotein to the apical membrane. Galectin-3 sorts cargo destined for the apical plasma membrane into vesicular carriers. After delivery of cargo to the apical milieu, galectin-3 recycles back into sorting organelles. We analysed the role of galectin-3 in the polarized distribution of β1-integrin in MDCK cells. Integrins are located primarily at the basolateral domain of epithelial cells. We demonstrate that a minor pool of β1-integrin interacts with galectin-3 at the apical plasma membrane. Knockdown of galectin-3 decreases apical delivery of β1-integrin. This loss is restored by supplementation with recombinant galectin-3 and galectin-3 overexpression. Our data suggest that galectin-3 targets newly synthesized β1-integrin to the apical membrane and promotes apical delivery of β1-integrin internalized from the basolateral membrane. In parallel, knockout of galectin-3 results in a reduction in cell proliferation and an impairment in proper cyst development. Our results suggest that galectin-3 modulates the surface distribution of β1-integrin and affects the morphogenesis of polarized cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellena Hönig
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Karina Ringer
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany.,DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Jenny Dewes
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Tobias von Mach
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Natalia Kamm
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany
| | - Geri Kreitzer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, City College of New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Ralf Jacob
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany .,DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
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31
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Bourke AM, Bowen AB, Kennedy MJ. New approaches for solving old problems in neuronal protein trafficking. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 91:48-66. [PMID: 29649542 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental cellular properties are determined by the repertoire and abundance of proteins displayed on the cell surface. As such, the trafficking mechanisms for establishing and maintaining the surface proteome must be tightly regulated for cells to respond appropriately to extracellular cues, yet plastic enough to adapt to ever-changing environments. Not only are the identity and abundance of surface proteins critical, but in many cases, their regulated spatial positioning within surface nanodomains can greatly impact their function. In the context of neuronal cell biology, surface levels and positioning of ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors play essential roles in establishing important properties, including cellular excitability and synaptic strength. Here we review our current understanding of the trafficking pathways that control the abundance and localization of proteins important for synaptic function and plasticity, as well as recent technological advances that are allowing the field to investigate protein trafficking with increasing spatiotemporal precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Aaron B Bowen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States.
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32
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Day KJ, Casler JC, Glick BS. Budding Yeast Has a Minimal Endomembrane System. Dev Cell 2018; 44:56-72.e4. [PMID: 29316441 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The endomembrane system consists of the secretory and endocytic pathways, which communicate by transport to and from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In mammalian cells, the endocytic pathway includes early, late, and recycling endosomes. In budding yeast, different types of endosomes have been described, but the organization of the endocytic pathway has remained unclear. We performed a spatial and temporal analysis of yeast endosomal markers and endocytic cargoes. Our results indicate that the yeast TGN also serves as an early and recycling endosome. In addition, as previously described, yeast contains a late or prevacuolar endosome (PVE). Endocytic cargoes localize to the TGN shortly after internalization, and manipulations that perturb export from the TGN can slow the passage of endocytic cargoes to the PVE. Yeast apparently lacks a distinct early endosome. Thus, yeast has a simple endocytic pathway that may reflect the ancestral organization of the endomembrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey J Day
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason C Casler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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33
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Thuenauer R, Nicklaus S, Frensch M, Troendle K, Madl J, Römer W. A microfluidic biochip for locally confined stimulation of cells within an epithelial monolayer. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7839-7846. [PMID: 29552338 PMCID: PMC5830875 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11943g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key factor determining the fate of individual cells within an epithelium is the unique microenvironment that surrounds each cell. It regulates location-dependent differentiation into specific cellular sub-types, but, on the other hand, a disturbed microenvironment can promote malignant transformation of epithelial cells leading to cancer formation. Here, we present a tool based on a microfluidic biochip that enables novel research approaches by providing a means to control the basolateral microenvironment of a confined number of neighbouring cells within an epithelial monolayer. Through isolated single pores in a thin membrane carrying the epithelial cell layer only cells above the pores are stimulated by solutes. The very thin design of the biochip (<75 μm) enabled us to apply a high-resolution inverted confocal fluorescence microscope to show by live cell imaging that such a manipulation of the microenvironment remained locally restricted to cells located above the pores. In addition, the biochip allows access for the force probe of an atomic force microscope (AFM) from the apical side to determine the topography and mechanical properties of individual cells, which we demonstrated by combined AFM and fluorescence microscopy imaging experiments. Taken together, the presented microfluidic biochip is a powerful tool that will enable studying the initial steps of malignant transformation of epithelial cells by directly manipulating their microenvironment and by real-time monitoring of affected cells with fluorescence microscopy and AFM. We developed a microfluidic biochip that enables one to locally change the basolateral microenvironment of epithelial cells within a polarised monolayer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; .,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Nicklaus
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; .,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Frensch
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; .,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Stübeweg 51, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Troendle
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; .,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; .,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; .,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technology (FIT), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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Bowen AB, Bourke AM, Hiester BG, Hanus C, Kennedy MJ. Golgi-independent secretory trafficking through recycling endosomes in neuronal dendrites and spines. eLife 2017; 6:27362. [PMID: 28875935 PMCID: PMC5624785 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons face the challenge of regulating the abundance, distribution and repertoire of integral membrane proteins within their immense, architecturally complex dendritic arbors. While the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) supports dendritic translation, most dendrites lack the Golgi apparatus (GA), an essential organelle for conventional secretory trafficking. Thus, whether secretory cargo is locally trafficked in dendrites through a non-canonical pathway remains a fundamental question. Here we define the dendritic trafficking itinerary for key synaptic molecules in rat cortical neurons. Following ER exit, the AMPA-type glutamate receptor GluA1 and neuroligin 1 undergo spatially restricted entry into the dendritic secretory pathway and accumulate in recycling endosomes (REs) located in dendrites and spines before reaching the plasma membrane. Surprisingly, GluA1 surface delivery occurred even when GA function was disrupted. Thus, in addition to their canonical role in protein recycling, REs also mediate forward secretory trafficking in neuronal dendrites and spines through a specialized GA-independent trafficking network. All cells must produce, sort and deliver molecular building blocks to the right places at the right time and in appropriate amounts. This is particularly important for neurons, which are the largest and most structurally complex cells in the body. A typical neuron consists of a cell body covered in branches called dendrites, plus a single cable-like structure known as an axon. Dendrites receive inputs from other neurons and relay the information to the cell body in the form of electrical signals. The cell body processes these electrical signals and the resulting signals then travel along the axon to terminals at the far-end. The axon terminals in turn pass the signals on to the dendrites of other neurons via junctions called synapses. For synapses to work correctly, the membranes surrounding the dendrites need to contain receptor proteins that can detect incoming signals. These proteins must be continually replenished, raising the question of how newly made receptor molecules are shuttled to the appropriate locations within the dendrites. A series of compartments called the Golgi complex play an important role in processing newly-made proteins in many different types of cells. As proteins pass through the Golgi, enzymes within the tunnel walls modify the proteins by adding or removing molecular groups. Therefore, it has been suggested that the route that the synapse receptor proteins take through the neuron to reach the dendrites always includes a visit to the Golgi. However, the Golgi complex in neurons is mostly confined to the cell body, raising the question of whether proteins that are locally produced within dendrites can make the journey to nearby synapses without visiting the Golgi complex. Bowen et al. used a microscope to follow the movements of synapse receptor proteins through neurons grown in a dish. The experiments show that proteins destined for the dendrites make a number of stops after leaving the cell body. However, some synaptic proteins reach the dendrites without passing through the Golgi at all, suggesting neurons are much less dependent on the Golgi to process newly-made proteins than other types of cells. Genetic mutations that prevent proteins from finding their way to their required destinations, or that disrupt the work of enzymes inside trafficking stations like the Golgi, cause numerous human diseases. Understanding how proteins travel to specific destinations inside healthy cells should also help reveal what happens when this process fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron B Bowen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Ashley M Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Brian G Hiester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
| | - Cyril Hanus
- Center for Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States
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Wang L, Wu B, Li W, Li Z, Zhan J, Geng B, Wang S, Pan D, Wu M. Industrial production of ultra-stable sulfonated graphene quantum dots for Golgi apparatus imaging. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5355-5361. [PMID: 32264074 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01348e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The wide use of functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in stable dispersions is currently hampered by the lack of industrially scalable, low-cost, and eco-friendly methods. Herein we report the first realization of the industrial-scale (20 L) production of high-quality fluorescent GQDs via a molecular fusion route from a low-cost, active derivative of pyrene. By a wholly "green", conventional sulfonation reaction at low hydrothermal temperature, the molecular precursor is wholly converted into highly water-soluble, sulfonated GQDs without byproducts such as insoluble carbon. The GQDs show superior optical properties including strong excitonic absorption bands extended to ∼530 nm, bright photoluminescence (PL) at 510 nm with a quantum yield of up to 42%, and a wide PLE spectrum. The edge-site sulfonic functionalization enables the GQDs to stably re-disperse in water and maintains high fluorescence activities even after annealing up to 250 °C, whereas amino GQDs and graphene oxide sheets markedly aggregate after drying at low temperature. The GQDs are applied as biological fluorescent probes for visualizing and targeting Golgi apparatus in Hela and MCF7 live cells. The low-cost mass production, excellent biocompatibility, and superior optical properties make the GQDs an attractive alternative probe for efficient Golgi targeted imaging in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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Vogel GF, Janecke AR, Krainer IM, Gutleben K, Witting B, Mitton SG, Mansour S, Ballauff A, Roland JT, Engevik AC, Cutz E, Müller T, Goldenring JR, Huber LA, Hess MW. Abnormal Rab11-Rab8-vesicles cluster in enterocytes of patients with microvillus inclusion disease. Traffic 2017; 18:453-464. [PMID: 28407399 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a congenital enteropathy characterized by accumulation of vesiculo-tubular endomembranes in the subapical cytoplasm of enterocytes, historically termed "secretory granules." However, neither their identity nor pathophysiological significance is well defined. Using immunoelectron microscopy and tomography, we studied biopsies from MVID patients (3× Myosin 5b mutations and 1× Syntaxin3 mutation) and compared them to controls and genome-edited CaCo2 cell models, harboring relevant mutations. Duodenal biopsies from 2 patients with novel Myosin 5b mutations and typical clinical symptoms showed unusual ultrastructural phenotypes: aberrant subapical vesicles and tubules were prominent in the enterocytes, though other histological hallmarks of MVID were almost absent (ectopic intra-/intercellular microvilli, brush border atrophy). We identified these enigmatic vesiculo-tubular organelles as Rab11-Rab8-positive recycling compartments of altered size, shape and location harboring the apical SNARE Syntaxin3, apical transporters sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Our data strongly indicate that in MVID disrupted trafficking between cargo vesicles and the apical plasma membrane is the primary cause of a defect of epithelial polarity and subsequent facultative loss of brush border integrity, leading to malabsorption. Furthermore, they support the notion that mislocalization of transporters, such as NHE3 substantially contributes to the reported sodium loss diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg F Vogel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Division of Cell Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas R Janecke
- Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iris M Krainer
- Division of Cell Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Gutleben
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Witting
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Sahar Mansour
- Human Genetics Research Center, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Joseph T Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Amy C Engevik
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ernest Cutz
- Division of Pathology, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lukas A Huber
- Division of Cell Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael W Hess
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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37
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Müller SK, Wilhelm I, Schubert T, Zittlau K, Imberty A, Madl J, Eierhoff T, Thuenauer R, Römer W. Gb3-binding lectins as potential carriers for transcellular drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:141-153. [PMID: 27935765 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1266327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epithelial cell layers as well as endothelia forming the blood-brain barrier can drastically reduce the efficiency of drug targeting. Our goal was to investigate lectins recognizing the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) for their potential as carriers for transcytotic drug delivery. METHODS We utilized an in vitro model based on Madin-Darby canine kidney cells transfected with Gb3 synthase to characterize transcytosis of the Gb3-binding lectins LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the B-subunit of Shiga toxin (StxB). RESULTS Both lectins were rapidly transcytosed from the apical to the basolateral plasma membrane and vice versa. Whereas StxB proceeded on retrograde and transcytotic routes, LecA avoided retrograde transport. This differential trafficking could be explained by our observation that LecA and StxB segregated into different domains during endocytosis. Furthermore, inhibiting the small GTPase Rab11a, which organizes trafficking through apical recycling endosomes, blocked basolateral to apical transcytosis of both lectins. CONCLUSIONS Gb3-binding lectins are promising candidates for transcytotic drug delivery. Our findings highlight that LecA and StxB, which both bind Gb3 but exhibit dissimilar valence and molecular structures of their carbohydrate binding sites and can take divergent intracellular trafficking routes. This opens up the possibility of developing tailor-made glycosphingolipid-binding carrier lectins, which take optimized trafficking pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan K Müller
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Isabel Wilhelm
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,c Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine , Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Thomas Schubert
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Katharina Zittlau
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Anne Imberty
- d Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, UPR5301 , CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Josef Madl
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,c Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine , Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Thorsten Eierhoff
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- a Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,b BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany.,c Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine , Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
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Stoops EH, Hull M, Caplan MJ. Newly synthesized and recycling pools of the apical protein gp135 do not occupy the same compartments. Traffic 2016; 17:1272-1285. [PMID: 27649479 PMCID: PMC5123909 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polarized epithelial cells sort newly synthesized and recycling plasma membrane proteins into distinct trafficking pathways directed to either the apical or basolateral membrane domains. While the trans-Golgi network is a well-established site of protein sorting, increasing evidence indicates a key role for endosomes in the initial trafficking of newly synthesized proteins. Both basolateral and apical proteins have been shown to traverse endosomes en route to the plasma membrane. In particular, apical proteins traffic through either subapical early or recycling endosomes. Here we use the SNAP tag system to analyze the trafficking of the apical protein gp135, also known as podocalyxin. We show that newly synthesized gp135 traverses the apical recycling endosome, but not the apical early endosomes (AEEs). In contrast, post-endocytic gp135 is delivered to the AEE before recycling back to the apical membrane. The pathways pursued by the newly synthesized and recycling gp135 populations do not detectably intersect, demonstrating that the biosynthetic and post-endocytic pools of this protein are subjected to distinct sorting processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Stoops
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael Hull
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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39
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Mana G, Clapero F, Panieri E, Panero V, Böttcher RT, Tseng HY, Saltarin F, Astanina E, Wolanska KI, Morgan MR, Humphries MJ, Santoro MM, Serini G, Valdembri D. PPFIA1 drives active α5β1 integrin recycling and controls fibronectin fibrillogenesis and vascular morphogenesis. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13546. [PMID: 27876801 PMCID: PMC5122980 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Basolateral polymerization of cellular fibronectin (FN) into a meshwork drives endothelial cell (EC) polarity and vascular remodelling. However, mechanisms coordinating α5β1 integrin-mediated extracellular FN endocytosis and exocytosis of newly synthesized FN remain elusive. Here we show that, on Rab21-elicited internalization, FN-bound/active α5β1 is recycled to the EC surface. We identify a pathway, comprising the regulators of post-Golgi carrier formation PI4KB and AP-1A, the small GTPase Rab11B, the surface tyrosine phosphatase receptor PTPRF and its adaptor PPFIA1, which we propose acts as a funnel combining FN secretion and recycling of active α5β1 integrin from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the EC surface, thus allowing FN fibrillogenesis. In this framework, PPFIA1 interacts with active α5β1 integrin and localizes close to EC adhesions where post-Golgi carriers are targeted. We show that PPFIA1 is required for FN polymerization-dependent vascular morphogenesis, both in vitro and in the developing zebrafish embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Mana
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute—Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Fabiana Clapero
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute—Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Panero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Ralph T. Böttcher
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Hui-Yuan Tseng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Federico Saltarin
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute—Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Elena Astanina
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute—Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Katarzyna I. Wolanska
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Mark R. Morgan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Martin J. Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Massimo M. Santoro
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Laboratory of Endothelial Molecular Biology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Guido Serini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute—Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Donatella Valdembri
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Adhesion Dynamics, Candiolo Cancer Institute—Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia (FPO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
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40
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Thuenauer R, Müller SK, Römer W. Pathways of protein and lipid receptor-mediated transcytosis in drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:341-351. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1220364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Román-Fernández A, Bryant DM. Complex Polarity: Building Multicellular Tissues Through Apical Membrane Traffic. Traffic 2016; 17:1244-1261. [PMID: 27281121 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The formation of distinct subdomains of the cell surface is crucial for multicellular organism development. The most striking example of this is apical-basal polarization. What is much less appreciated is that underpinning an asymmetric cell surface is an equally dramatic intracellular endosome rearrangement. Here, we review the interplay between classical cell polarity proteins and membrane trafficking pathways, and discuss how this marriage gives rise to cell polarization. We focus on those mechanisms that regulate apical polarization, as this is providing a number of insights into how membrane traffic and polarity are regulated at the tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Román-Fernández
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - David M Bryant
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
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Nakajo A, Yoshimura SI, Togawa H, Kunii M, Iwano T, Izumi A, Noguchi Y, Watanabe A, Goto A, Sato T, Harada A. EHBP1L1 coordinates Rab8 and Bin1 to regulate apical-directed transport in polarized epithelial cells. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:297-306. [PMID: 26833786 PMCID: PMC4739609 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201508086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved Rab guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Rab8 plays a role in exocytosis toward the polarized plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. In murine Rab8-deficient small intestine cells, apical proteins are missorted into lysosomes. In this study, we identified a novel Rab8-interacting protein complex containing an EH domain-binding protein 1-like 1 (EHBP1L1), Bin1/amphiphysin II, and dynamin. Biochemical analyses showed that EHBP1L1 directly bound to GTP-loaded Rab8 and Bin1. The spatial dependency of these complexes at the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) was demonstrated through overexpression and knockdown experiments. EHBP1L1- or Bin1-depleted or dynamin-inhibited small intestine organoids significantly accumulated apical membrane proteins but not basolateral membrane proteins in lysosomes. Furthermore, in EHBP1L1-deficient mice, small intestine cells displayed truncated and sparse microvilli, suggesting that EHBP1L1 maintains the apical plasma membrane by regulating apical transport. In summary, our data demonstrate that EHBP1L1 links Rab8 and the Bin1-dynamin complex, which generates membrane curvature and excises the vesicle at the ERC for apical transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiro Nakajo
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Yoshimura
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroko Togawa
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masataka Kunii
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Iwano
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayaka Izumi
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuria Noguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayako Watanabe
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayako Goto
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiro Harada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Reynier M, Allart S, Gaspard E, Moga A, Goudounèche D, Serre G, Simon M, Leprince C. Rab11a Is Essential for Lamellar Body Biogenesis in the Human Epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1199-1209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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The fast-recycling receptor Megalin defines the apical recycling pathway of epithelial cells. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11550. [PMID: 27180806 PMCID: PMC4873671 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The basolateral recycling and transcytotic pathways of epithelial cells were previously defined using markers such as transferrin (TfR) and polymeric IgA (pIgR) receptors. In contrast, our knowledge of the apical recycling pathway remains fragmentary. Here we utilize quantitative live-imaging and mathematical modelling to outline the recycling pathway of Megalin (LRP-2), an apical receptor with key developmental and renal functions, in MDCK cells. We show that, like TfR, Megalin is a long-lived and fast-recycling receptor. Megalin enters polarized MDCK cells through segregated apical sorting endosomes and subsequently intersects the TfR and pIgR pathways at a perinuclear Rab11-negative compartment termed common recycling endosomes (CRE). Whereas TfR recycles to the basolateral membrane from CRE, Megalin, like pIgR, traffics to subapical Rab11-positive apical recycling endosomes (ARE) and reaches the apical membrane in a microtubule- and Rab11-dependent manner. Hence, Megalin defines the apical recycling pathway of epithelia, with CRE as its apical sorting station.
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Stoops EH, Hull M, Olesen C, Mistry K, Harder JL, Rivera-Molina F, Toomre D, Caplan MJ. The periciliary ring in polarized epithelial cells is a hot spot for delivery of the apical protein gp135. J Cell Biol 2016; 211:287-94. [PMID: 26504168 PMCID: PMC4621837 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201502045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The apical glycoprotein gp135 is delivered to a ring at the base of the primary cilium and subsequently moves in a radial fashion away from the cilium in a microtubule-dependent manner. In polarized epithelial cells, newly synthesized cell surface proteins travel in carrier vesicles from the trans Golgi network to the apical or basolateral plasma membrane. Despite extensive research on polarized trafficking, the sites of protein delivery are not fully characterized. Here we use the SNAP tag system to examine the site of delivery of the apical glycoprotein gp135. We show that a cohort of gp135 is delivered to a ring surrounding the base of the primary cilium, followed by microtubule-dependent radial movement away from the cilium. Delivery to the periciliary ring was specific to newly synthesized and not recycling protein. A subset of this newly delivered protein traverses the basolateral membrane en route to the apical membrane. Crumbs3a, another apical protein, was not delivered to the periciliary region, instead making its initial apical appearance in a pattern that resembled its steady-state distribution. Our results demonstrate a surprising “hot spot” for gp135 protein delivery at the base of the primary cilium and suggest the existence of a novel microtubule-based directed movement of a subset of apical surface proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Stoops
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Michael Hull
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Christina Olesen
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Kavita Mistry
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Felix Rivera-Molina
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Derek Toomre
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
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CLIC4 regulates apical exocytosis and renal tube luminogenesis through retromer- and actin-mediated endocytic trafficking. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10412. [PMID: 26786190 PMCID: PMC4736046 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) is a mammalian homologue of EXC-4 whose mutation is associated with cystic excretory canals in nematodes. Here we show that CLIC4-null mouse embryos exhibit impaired renal tubulogenesis. In both developing and developed kidneys, CLIC4 is specifically enriched in the proximal tubule epithelial cells, in which CLIC4 is important for luminal delivery, microvillus morphogenesis, and endolysosomal biogenesis. Adult CLIC4-null proximal tubules display aberrant dilation. In MDCK 3D cultures, CLIC4 is expressed on early endosome, recycling endosome and apical transport carriers before reaching its steady-state apical membrane localization in mature lumen. CLIC4 suppression causes impaired apical vesicle coalescence and central lumen formation, a phenotype that can be rescued by Rab8 and Cdc42. Furthermore, we show that retromer- and branched actin-mediated trafficking on early endosome regulates apical delivery during early luminogenesis. CLIC4 selectively modulates retromer-mediated apical transport by negatively regulating the formation of branched actin on early endosomes. Chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) 4 is an ion channel, localized in the cytoplasm, and first identified as an actin binding protein. Here, Chou et al. knockout CLIC4 in mice and observe tubulogenesis and renal proximal tubule dilation defects, which is caused by irregular actin and endosomal trafficking.
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Hyndman KA, Arguello AM, Morsing SKH, Pollock JS. Dynamin-2 is a novel NOS1β interacting protein and negative regulator in the collecting duct. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 310:R570-7. [PMID: 26791826 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00008.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1)-derived nitric oxide (NO) production in collecting ducts is critical for maintaining fluid-electrolyte balance. Rat collecting ducts express both the full-length NOS1α and its truncated variant NOS1β, while NOS1β predominates in mouse collecting ducts. We reported that dynamin-2 (DNM2), a protein involved in excising vesicles from the plasma membrane, and NOS1α form a protein-protein interaction that promotes NO production in rat collecting ducts. NOS1β was found to be highly expressed in human renal cortical/medullary samples; hence, we tested the hypothesis that DNM2 is a positive regulator of NOS1β-derived NO production. COS7 and mouse inner medullary collecting duct-3 (mIMCD3) cells were transfected with NOS1β and/or DNM2. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments show that NOS1β and DNM2 formed a protein-protein interaction. DNM2 overexpression decreased nitrite production (index of NO) in both COS7 and mIMCD-3 cells by 50-75%. mIMCD-3 cells treated with a panel of dynamin inhibitors or DNM2 siRNA displayed increased nitrite production. To elucidate the physiological significance of IMCD DNM2/NOS1β regulation in vivo, flox control and CDNOS1 knockout mice were placed on a high-salt diet, and freshly isolated IMCDs were treated acutely with a dynamin inhibitor. Dynamin inhibition increased nitrite production by IMCDs from flox mice. This response was blunted (but not abolished) in collecting duct-specific NOS1 knockout mice, suggesting that DNM2 also negatively regulates NOS3 in the mouse IMCD. We conclude that DNM2 is a novel negative regulator of NO production in mouse collecting ducts. We propose that DNM2 acts as a "break" to prevent excess or potentially toxic NO levels under high-salt conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hyndman
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Alexandra M Arguello
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sofia K H Morsing
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Juillot S, Cott C, Madl J, Claudinon J, van der Velden NSJ, Künzler M, Thuenauer R, Römer W. Uptake of Marasmius oreades agglutinin disrupts integrin-dependent cell adhesion. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:392-401. [PMID: 26546712 PMCID: PMC4717121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruiting body lectins have been proposed to act as effector proteins in the defense of fungi against parasites and predators. The Marasmius oreades agglutinin (MOA) is a lectin from the fairy ring mushroom with specificity for Galα1-3Gal containing carbohydrates. This lectin is composed of an N-terminal carbohydrate-binding domain and a C-terminal dimerization domain. The dimerization domain of MOA shows in addition calcium-dependent cysteine protease activity, similar to the calpain family. METHODS Cell detachment assay, cell viability assay, immunofluorescence, live cell imaging and Western blot using MDCKII cell line. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate in MDCKII cells that after internalization, MOA protease activity induces profound physiological cellular responses, like cytoskeleton rearrangement, cell detachment and cell death. These changes are preceded by a decrease in FAK phosphorylation and an internalization and degradation of β1-integrin, consistent with a disruption of integrin-dependent cell adhesion signaling. Once internalized, MOA accumulates in late endosomal compartments. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a possible toxic mechanism of MOA, which consists of disturbing the cell adhesion and the cell viability. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE After being ingested by a predator, MOA might exert a protective role by diminishing host cell integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Juillot
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Cott
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julie Claudinon
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Markus Künzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Light regulates the ciliary protein transport and outer segment disc renewal of mammalian photoreceptors. Dev Cell 2015; 32:731-42. [PMID: 25805137 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The outer segment (OS) of the rod photoreceptor is a light-sensing cilium containing ~1,000 membrane-bound discs. Each day, discs constituting the distal tenth of the OS are shed, whereas nascent discs are formed at the base of the OS through the incorporation of molecules transported from the inner segment. The mechanisms regulating these processes remain elusive. Here, we show that rhodopsin preferentially enters the OS in the dark. Photoexcitation of post-Golgi rhodopsins retains them in the inner segment. Disc-rim protein peripherin2/rds enters the OS following a rhythm complementary to that of rhodopsin. Light-dark cycle-regulated protein trafficking serves as a mechanism to segregate rhodopsin-rich and peripherin2/rds-rich discs into alternating stacks, which are flanked by characteristic cytoplasmic pockets. This periodic cytostructure divides the OS into approximately ten fractions, each containing discs synthesized in a single day. This mechanism may explain how the rod photoreceptor balances the quantity of discs added and removed daily.
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Abstract
Galectins, a family of β-galactoside binding proteins, do not possess a signalling sequence to enter the endoplasmic reticulum as a starting point for the classical secretory pathway. They use a so-called unconventional secretion mechanism for translocation across the plasma membrane and/or into the lumen of transport vesicles. The β-galactoside binding protein galectin-3 is highly expressed in a variety of epithelial cell lines. Polarized MDCK cells secrete this lectin predominantly into the apical medium. The lectin re-enters the cell by non-clathrin mediated endocytosis and passages through endosomal organelles. This internalized galectin-3 plays an important role in apical protein trafficking by directing the subcellular targeting of apical glycoproteins via oligomerization into high molecular weight clusters, a process that can be fine-tuned by changes in the environmental pH. Following release at the apical plasma membrane, the lectin can reenter the cell for another round of recycling and apical protein sorting. This review will briefly address galectin-3-functions in epithelia and focus on distinct phases in apical recycling of the lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellena Hönig
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Jacob
- Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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