1
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Sha J, Zhang M, Feng J, Shi T, Li N, Jie Z. Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger controls type 2 immune responses in the lungs by regulating lineage commitment and the function of innate and adaptive immune cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111670. [PMID: 38373386 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses are critical for host defense, mediate allergy and Th2-high asthma. The transcription factor, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF), has emerged as a significant regulator of type 2 inflammation in the lung; however, its exact mechanism remains unclear. In this review, we summarized recent findings regarding the ability of PLZF to control the development and function of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), iNKT cells, memory T cells, basophils, and other immune cells that drive type 2 responses. We discussed the important role of PLZF in the pathogenesis of Th2-high asthma. Collectively, prior studies have revealed the critical role of PLZF in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells involved in type 2 inflammation in the lung. Therefore, targeting PLZF signaling represents a promising therapeutic approach to suppress Th2-high asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Sha
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyun Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Tyrrell DJ, Wragg KM, Chen J, Wang H, Song J, Blin MG, Bolding C, Vardaman D, Giles K, Tidwell H, Ali MA, Janappareddi A, Wood SC, Goldstein DR. Clonally expanded memory CD8 + T cells accumulate in atherosclerotic plaques and are pro-atherogenic in aged mice. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1576-1590. [PMID: 37996758 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00515-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a strong risk factor for atherosclerosis and induces accumulation of memory CD8+ T cells in mice and humans. Biological changes that occur with aging lead to enhanced atherosclerosis, yet the role of aging on CD8+ T cells during atherogenesis is unclear. In this study, using femle mice, we found that depletion of CD8+ T cells attenuated atherogenesis in aged, but not young, animals. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of splenic CD8+ T cells from aged wild-type, but not young wild-type, donor mice significantly enhanced atherosclerosis in recipient mice lacking CD8+ T cells. We also characterized T cells in healthy and atherosclerotic young and aged mice by single-cell RNA sequencing. We found specific subsets of age-associated CD8+ T cells, including a Granzyme K+ effector memory subset, that accumulated and was clonally expanded within atherosclerotic plaques. These had transcriptomic signatures of T cell activation, migration, cytotoxicity and exhaustion. Overall, our study identified memory CD8+ T cells as therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tyrrell
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Kathleen M Wragg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Judy Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jianrui Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Muriel G Blin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chase Bolding
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Donald Vardaman
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kara Giles
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Harrison Tidwell
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Md Akkas Ali
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Sherri C Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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3
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Joannou K, Baldwin TA. Destined for the intestine: thymic selection of TCRαβ CD8αα intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:67-75. [PMID: 37137518 PMCID: PMC10324546 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is composed of a variety of different T-cell lineages distributed through both secondary lymphoid tissue and non-lymphoid tissue. The intestinal epithelium is a critical barrier surface that contains numerous intraepithelial lymphocytes that aid in maintaining homeostasis at that barrier. This review focuses on T-cell receptor αβ (TCRαβ) CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes, and how recent advances in the field clarify how this unique T-cell subset is selected, matures, and functions in the intestines. We consider how the available evidence reveals a story of ontogeny starting from agonist selection of T cells in the thymus and finishing through the specific signaling environment of the intestinal epithelium. We conclude with how this story raises further key questions about the development of different ontogenic waves of TCRαβ CD8αα IEL and their importance for intestinal epithelial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Joannou
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Troy A Baldwin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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4
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Liman N, Park JH. Markers and makers of NKT17 cells. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1090-1098. [PMID: 37258582 PMCID: PMC10317953 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are thymus-generated innate-like αβ T cells that undergo terminal differentiation in the thymus. Such a developmental pathway differs from that of conventional αβ T cells, which are generated in the thymus but complete their functional maturation in peripheral tissues. Multiple subsets of iNKT cells have been described, among which IL-17-producing iNKT cells are commonly referred to as NKT17 cells. IL-17 is considered a proinflammatory cytokine that can play both protective and pathogenic roles and has been implicated as a key regulatory factor in many disease settings. Akin to other iNKT subsets, NKT17 cells acquire their effector function during thymic development. However, the cellular mechanisms that drive NKT17 subset specification, and how iNKT cells in general acquire their effector function prior to antigen encounter, remain largely unknown. Considering that all iNKT cells express the canonical Vα14-Jα18 TCRα chain and all iNKT subsets display the same ligand specificity, i.e., glycolipid antigens in the context of the nonclassical MHC-I molecule CD1d, the conundrum is explaining how thymic NKT17 cell specification is determined. Mapping of the molecular circuitry of NKT17 cell differentiation, combined with the discovery of markers that identify NKT17 cells, has provided new insights into the developmental pathway of NKT17 cells. The current review aims to highlight recent advances in our understanding of thymic NKT17 cell development and to place these findings in the larger context of iNKT subset specification and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurcin Liman
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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5
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Dinh XT, Stanley D, Smith LD, Moreau M, Berzins SP, Gemiarto A, Baxter AG, Jordan MA. Modulation of TCR signalling components occurs prior to positive selection and lineage commitment in iNKT cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23650. [PMID: 34880299 PMCID: PMC8655039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
iNKT cells play a critical role in controlling the strength and character of adaptive and innate immune responses. Their unique functional characteristics are induced by a transcriptional program initiated by positive selection mediated by CD1d expressed by CD4+CD8+ (double positive, DP) thymocytes. Here, using a novel Vα14 TCR transgenic strain bearing greatly expanded numbers of CD24hiCD44loNKT cells, we examined transcriptional events in four immature thymic iNKT cell subsets. A transcriptional regulatory network approach identified transcriptional changes in proximal components of the TCR signalling cascade in DP NKT cells. Subsequently, positive and negative selection, and lineage commitment, occurred at the transition from DP NKT to CD4 NKT. Thus, this study introduces previously unrecognised steps in early NKT cell development, and separates the events associated with modulation of the T cell signalling cascade prior to changes associated with positive selection and lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyen T. Dinh
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, The Science Place, Building 142, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia ,Hai Duong Medical Technical University, Hai Duong, Viet Nam
| | - Dragana Stanley
- grid.1023.00000 0001 2193 0854School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702 Australia
| | - Letitia D. Smith
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, The Science Place, Building 142, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Morgane Moreau
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, The Science Place, Building 142, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Stuart P. Berzins
- grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XPeter Doherty Institute for Immunity and Infection, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050 Australia
| | - Adrian Gemiarto
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, The Science Place, Building 142, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Alan G. Baxter
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, The Science Place, Building 142, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Margaret A. Jordan
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, The Science Place, Building 142, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811 Australia
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6
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Liu J, You M, Yao Y, Ji C, Wang Z, Wang F, Wang D, Qi Z, Yu G, Sun Z, Guo W, Liu J, Li S, Jin Y, Zhao T, Xue HH, Xue Y, Yu S. SRSF1 plays a critical role in invariant natural killer T cell development and function. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2502-2515. [PMID: 34522020 PMCID: PMC8545978 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are highly conserved innate-like T lymphocytes that originate from CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes. Here, we report that serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) intrinsically regulates iNKT cell development by directly targeting Myb and balancing the abundance of short and long isoforms. Conditional ablation of SRSF1 in DP cells led to a substantially diminished iNKT cell pool due to defects in proliferation, survival, and TCRα rearrangement. The transition from stage 0 to stage 1 of iNKT cells was substantially blocked, and the iNKT2 subset was notably diminished in SRSF1-deficient mice. SRSF1 deficiency resulted in aberrant expression of a series of regulators that are tightly correlated with iNKT cell development and iNKT2 differentiation, including Myb, PLZF, Gata3, ICOS, and CD5. In particular, we found that SRSF1 directly binds and regulates pre-mRNA alternative splicing of Myb and that the expression of the short isoform of Myb is substantially reduced in SRSF1-deficient DP and iNKT cells. Strikingly, ectopic expression of the Myb short isoform partially rectified the defects caused by ablation of SRSF1. Furthermore, we confirmed that the SRSF1-deficient mice exhibited resistance to acute liver injury upon α-GalCer and Con A induction. Our findings thus uncovered a previously unknown role of SRSF1 as an essential post-transcriptional regulator in iNKT cell development and functional differentiation, providing new clinical insights into iNKT-correlated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Menghao You
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingpeng Yao
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ce Ji
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Qi
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guotao Yu
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shumin Li
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Clinical Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yipeng Jin
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290Clinical Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyan Zhao
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- grid.429392.70000 0004 6010 5947Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ USA
| | - Yuanchao Xue
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyang Yu
- grid.22935.3f0000 0004 0530 8290State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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7
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Zhang J, Wencker M, Marliac Q, Berton A, Hasan U, Schneider R, Laubreton D, Cherrier DE, Mathieu AL, Rey A, Jiang W, Caramel J, Genestier L, Marçais A, Marvel J, Ghavi-Helm Y, Walzer T. Zeb1 represses TCR signaling, promotes the proliferation of T cell progenitors and is essential for NK1.1 + T cell development. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2140-2152. [PMID: 32398809 PMCID: PMC8429412 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell development proceeds under the influence of a network of transcription factors (TFs). The precise role of Zeb1, a member of this network, remains unclear. Here, we report that Zeb1 expression is induced early during T cell development in CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) stage 2 (DN2). Zeb1 expression was further increased in the CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) stage before decreasing in more mature T cell subsets. We performed an exhaustive characterization of T cells in Cellophane mice that bear Zeb1 hypomorphic mutations. The Zeb1 mutation profoundly affected all thymic subsets, especially DN2 and DP cells. Zeb1 promoted the survival and proliferation of both cell populations in a cell-intrinsic manner. In the periphery of Cellophane mice, the number of conventional T cells was near normal, but invariant NKT cells, NK1.1+ γδ T cells and Ly49+ CD8 T cells were virtually absent. This suggested that Zeb1 regulates the development of unconventional T cell types from DP progenitors. A transcriptomic analysis of WT and Cellophane DP cells revealed that Zeb1 regulated the expression of multiple genes involved in the cell cycle and TCR signaling, which possibly occurred in cooperation with Tcf1 and Heb. Indeed, Cellophane DP cells displayed stronger signaling than WT DP cells upon TCR engagement in terms of the calcium response, phosphorylation events, and expression of early genes. Thus, Zeb1 is a key regulator of the cell cycle and TCR signaling during thymic T cell development. We propose that thymocyte selection is perturbed in Zeb1-mutated mice in a way that does not allow the survival of unconventional T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhang
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mélanie Wencker
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Quentin Marliac
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Aurore Berton
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Uzma Hasan
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Raphaël Schneider
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364, Lyon, France
| | - Daphné Laubreton
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Dylan E Cherrier
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Mathieu
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Amaury Rey
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Wenzheng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Julie Caramel
- CRCL, Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Genestier
- CRCL, Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Marçais
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Yad Ghavi-Helm
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007, Lyon, France.
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8
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Xu Y, Ma J, Luo H, Shi Y, Liu H, Sun A, Xu C, Ji H, Liu X. Chromatin assembly factor 1B critically controls the early development but not function acquisition of invariant natural killer T cells in mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1698-1714. [PMID: 33949677 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ CD8+ double-positive thymocytes give rise to both conventional TCRαβ+ T cells and invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells), but these two kinds of cells display different characteristics. The molecular mechanism underlying iNKT cell lineage development and function acquisition remain to be elucidated. We show that the loss of chromatin assembly factor 1B (CHAF1b) maintains the normal development of conventional TCRαβ+ T cells but severely impairs early development of iNKT cells. This dysregulation is accompanied by the impairment in chromatin activation and gene transcription at Vα14-Jα18 locus. Notably, ectopic expression of a Vα14-Jα18 TCR rescues Chaf1b-deficient iNKT cell developmental defects. Moreover, cytokine secretion and antitumor activity are substantially maintained in Vα14-Jα18 TCR transgene-rescued Chaf1b-deficient iNKT cells. Our study identifies CHAF1b as a critical factor that controls the early development but not function acquisition of iNKT cells via lineage- and stage-specific regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Haorui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yaohuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chenqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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9
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Izraelson M, Metsger M, Davydov AN, Shagina IA, Dronina MA, Obraztsova AS, Miskevich DA, Mamedov IZ, Volchkova LN, Nakonechnaya TO, Shugay M, Bolotin DA, Staroverov DB, Sharonov GV, Kondratyuk EY, Zagaynova EV, Lukyanov S, Shams I, Britanova OV, Chudakov DM. Distinct organization of adaptive immunity in the long-lived rodent Spalax galili. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:179-189. [PMID: 37118630 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
A balanced immune response is a cornerstone of healthy aging. Here, we uncover distinctive features of the long-lived blind mole-rat (Spalax spp.) adaptive immune system, relative to humans and mice. The T-cell repertoire remains diverse throughout the Spalax lifespan, suggesting a paucity of large long-lived clones of effector-memory T cells. Expression of master transcription factors of T-cell differentiation, as well as checkpoint and cytotoxicity genes, remains low as Spalax ages. The thymus shrinks as in mice and humans, while interleukin-7 and interleukin-7 receptor expression remains high, potentially reflecting the sustained homeostasis of naive T cells. With aging, immunoglobulin hypermutation level does not increase and the immunoglobulin-M repertoire remains diverse, suggesting shorter B-cell memory and sustained homeostasis of innate-like B cells. The Spalax adaptive immune system thus appears biased towards sustained functional and receptor diversity over specialized, long-lived effector-memory clones-a unique organizational strategy that potentially underlies this animal's extraordinary longevity and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Izraelson
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Metsger
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A N Davydov
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I A Shagina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Dronina
- Institute of Evolution & Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - A S Obraztsova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Miskevich
- Institute of Evolution & Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Z Mamedov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L N Volchkova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - T O Nakonechnaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Shugay
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D A Bolotin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D B Staroverov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - G V Sharonov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Y Kondratyuk
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E V Zagaynova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - S Lukyanov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Shams
- Institute of Evolution & Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - O V Britanova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
| | - D M Chudakov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
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10
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Leadbetter EA, Karlsson MCI. Invariant natural killer T cells balance B cell immunity. Immunol Rev 2021; 299:93-107. [PMID: 33438287 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells mediate rapid immune responses which bridge the gap between innate and adaptive responses to pathogens while also providing key regulation to maintain immune homeostasis. Both types of important iNKT immune responses are mediated through interactions with innate and adaptive B cells. As such, iNKT cells sit at the decision-making fulcrum between regulating inflammatory or autoreactive B cells and supporting protective or regulatory B cell populations. iNKT cells interpret the signals in their environment to set the tone for subsequent adaptive responses, with outcomes ranging from getting licensed to maintain homeostasis as an iNKT regulatory cell (iNKTreg ) or being activated to become an iNKT follicular helper (iNKTFH ) cell supporting pathogen-specific effector B cells. Here we review iNKT and B cell cooperation across the spectrum of immune outcomes, including during allergy and autoimmune disease, tumor surveillance and immunotherapy, or pathogen defense and vaccine responses. Because of their key role as influencers, iNKT cells provide a valuable target for therapeutic interventions. Understanding the nature of the interactions between iNKT and B cells will enable the development of clinical interventions to strategically target regulatory iNKT and B cell populations or inflammatory ones, depending on the circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Leadbetter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Park JY, DiPalma DT, Kwon J, Fink J, Park JH. Quantitative Difference in PLZF Protein Expression Determines iNKT Lineage Fate and Controls Innate CD8 T Cell Generation. Cell Rep 2020; 27:2548-2557.e4. [PMID: 31141681 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zbtb16 encodes the zinc-finger protein PLZF, which is often used as a lineage marker for innate-like T cells and is specifically required for the generation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in the thymus. Here, we report that not only PLZF expression itself but also the relative abundance of PLZF proteins plays critical roles in iNKT cell development. Utilizing a Zbtb16 hypomorphic allele, PLZFGFPCre, which produces PLZF proteins at only half of the level of the wild-type allele, we show that decreased PLZF expression results in a significant decrease in iNKT cell numbers, which is further associated with profound alterations in iNKT lineage choices and subset composition. These results document that there is a quantitative aspect of PLZF expression in iNKT cells, demonstrating that the availability of PLZF protein is a critical factor for both effective iNKT cell generation and subset differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Devon T DiPalma
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360, USA
| | - Juntae Kwon
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360, USA
| | - Juliet Fink
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360, USA.
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12
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Thymic development of unconventional T cells: how NKT cells, MAIT cells and γδ T cells emerge. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:756-770. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Lu Y, Zhong MC, Qian J, Calderon V, Cruz Tleugabulova M, Mallevaey T, Veillette A. SLAM receptors foster iNKT cell development by reducing TCR signal strength after positive selection. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:447-457. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Cruz Tleugabulova M, Zhao M, Lau I, Kuypers M, Wirianto C, Umaña JM, Lin Q, Kronenberg M, Mallevaey T. The Protein Phosphatase Shp1 Regulates Invariant NKT Cell Effector Differentiation Independently of TCR and Slam Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2276-2286. [PMID: 30796181 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are innate lipid-reactive T cells that develop and differentiate in the thymus into iNKT1/2/17 subsets, akin to TH1/2/17 conventional CD4 T cell subsets. The factors driving the central priming of iNKT cells remain obscure, although strong/prolonged TCR signals appear to favor iNKT2 cell development. The Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (Shp1) is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that has been identified as a negative regulator of TCR signaling. In this study, we found that mice with a T cell-specific deletion of Shp1 had normal iNKT cell numbers and peripheral distribution. However, iNKT cell differentiation was biased toward the iNKT2/17 subsets in the thymus but not in peripheral tissues. Shp1-deficient iNKT cells were also functionally biased toward the production of TH2 cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-13. Surprisingly, we found no evidence that Shp1 regulates the TCR and Slamf6 signaling cascades, which have been suggested to promote iNKT2 differentiation. Rather, Shp1 dampened iNKT cell proliferation in response to IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15 but not following TCR engagement. Our findings suggest that Shp1 controls iNKT cell effector differentiation independently of positive selection through the modulation of cytokine responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meng Zhao
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Irene Lau
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Meggie Kuypers
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Clarissa Wirianto
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Juan Mauricio Umaña
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Qiaochu Lin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mitchell Kronenberg
- Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Thierry Mallevaey
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; .,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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15
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Shissler SC, Webb TJ. The ins and outs of type I iNKT cell development. Mol Immunol 2018; 105:116-130. [PMID: 30502719 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes that bridge the gap between the innate and adaptive immune responses. Like innate immune cells, they have a mature, effector phenotype that allows them to rapidly respond to threats, compared to adaptive cells. NKT cells express T cell receptors (TCRs) like conventional T cells, but instead of responding to peptide antigen presented by MHC class I or II, NKT cell TCRs recognize glycolipid antigen in the context of CD1d. NKT cells are subdivided into classes based on their TCR and antigen reactivity. This review will focus on type I iNKT cells that express a semi invariant Vα14Jα18 TCR and respond to the canonical glycolipid antigen, α-galactosylceramide. The innate-like effector functions of these cells combined with their T cell identity make their developmental path quite unique. In addition to the extrinsic factors that affect iNKT cell development such as lipid:CD1d complexes, co-stimulation, and cytokines, this review will provide a comprehensive delineation of the cell intrinsic factors that impact iNKT cell development, differentiation, and effector functions - including TCR rearrangement, survival and metabolism signaling, transcription factor expression, and gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah C Shissler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore St. HSF-1 Room 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Tonya J Webb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore St. HSF-1 Room 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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16
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Maricic I, Marrero I, Eguchi A, Nakamura R, Johnson CD, Dasgupta S, Hernandez CD, Nguyen PS, Swafford AD, Knight R, Feldstein AE, Loomba R, Kumar V. Differential Activation of Hepatic Invariant NKT Cell Subsets Plays a Key Role in Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:3017-3035. [PMID: 30322964 PMCID: PMC6219905 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune mechanisms play an important role in inflammatory chronic liver diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of type I or invariant NKT (iNKT) cell subsets in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We used α-galactosylceramide/CD1d tetramers and clonotypic mAb together with intracytoplasmic cytokine staining to analyze iNKT cells in choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA)-induced murine NASH model and in human PBMCs, respectively. Cytokine secretion of hepatic iNKT cells in CDAA-fed C57BL/6 mice altered from predominantly IL-17+ to IFN-γ+ and IL-4+ during NASH progression along with the downmodulation of TCR and NK1.1 expression. Importantly, steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis were dependent upon the presence of iNKT cells. Hepatic stellate cell activation and infiltration of neutrophils, Kupffer cells, and CD8+ T cells as well as expression of key proinflammatory and fibrogenic genes were significantly blunted in Jα18-/- mice and in C57BL/6 mice treated with an iNKT-inhibitory RAR-γ agonist. Gut microbial diversity was significantly impacted in Jα18-/- and in CDAA diet-fed mice. An increased frequency of CXCR3+IFN-γ+T-bet+ and IL-17A+ iNKT cells was found in PBMC from NASH patients in comparison with nonalcoholic fatty liver patients or healthy controls. Consistent with their in vivo activation, iNKT cells from NASH patients remained hyporesponsive to ex-vivo stimulation with α-galactosylceramide. Accumulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in both mice and NASH patients suggest their role in activation of iNKT cells. In summary, our findings indicate that the differential activation of iNKT cells play a key role in mediating diet-induced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in mice and its potential involvement in NASH progression in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Maricic
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Idania Marrero
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ryota Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Casey D Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Suryasarathi Dasgupta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Carolyn D Hernandez
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Phirum Sam Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Austin D Swafford
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Ariel E Feldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
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17
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Winter SJ, Kunze-Schumacher H, Imelmann E, Grewers Z, Osthues T, Krueger A. MicroRNA miR-181a/b-1 controls MAIT cell development. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 97:190-202. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Winter
- Institute for Molecular Medicine; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
| | | | - Esther Imelmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Zoe Grewers
- Institute for Molecular Medicine; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Tabea Osthues
- Institute for Molecular Medicine; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Andreas Krueger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine; Goethe University Frankfurt; Frankfurt Germany
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18
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van Eijkeren RJ, Krabbe O, Boes M, Schipper HS, Kalkhoven E. Endogenous lipid antigens for invariant natural killer T cells hold the reins in adipose tissue homeostasis. Immunology 2017; 153:179-189. [PMID: 28898395 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic and its associated co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancers, have drawn attention to the pivotal role of adipocytes in health and disease. Besides their 'classical' function in energy storage and release, adipocytes interact with adipose-tissue-resident immune cells, among which are lipid-responsive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. The iNKT cells are activated by lipid antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells as CD1d/lipid complexes. Upon activation, iNKT cells can rapidly secrete soluble mediators that either promote or oppose inflammation. In lean adipose tissue, iNKT cells elicit a predominantly anti-inflammatory immune response, whereas obesity is associated with declining iNKT cell numbers. Recent work showed that adipocytes act as non-professional antigen-presenting cells for lipid antigens. Here, we discuss endogenous lipid antigen processing and presentation by adipocytes, and speculate on how these lipid antigens, together with 'environmental factors' such as tissue/organ environment and co-stimulatory signals, are able to influence the fate of adipose-tissue-resident iNKT cells, and thereby the role of these cells in obesity and its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J van Eijkeren
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research and Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Krabbe
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research and Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Boes
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk S Schipper
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Kalkhoven
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research and Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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Legoux F, Salou M, Lantz O. Unconventional or Preset αβ T Cells: Evolutionarily Conserved Tissue-Resident T Cells Recognizing Nonpeptidic Ligands. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2017; 33:511-535. [PMID: 28661722 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100616-060725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A majority of T cells bearing the αβ T cell receptor (TCR) are specific for peptides bound to polymorphic classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Smaller subsets of T cells are reactive toward various nonpeptidic ligands associated with nonpolymorphic MHC class-Ib (MHC-Ib) molecules. These cells have been termed unconventional for decades, even though only the composite antigen is different from the one seen by classical T cells. Herein, we discuss the identity of these particular T cells in light of the coevolution of their TCR and MHC-Ib restricting elements. We examine their original thymic development: selection on hematopoietic cells leading to the acquisition of an original differentiation program. Most of these cells acquire memory cell features during thymic maturation and exhibit unique patterns of migration into peripheral nonlymphoid tissues to become tissue resident. Thus, these cells are termed preset T cells, as they also display a variety of effector functions. They may act as microbial or danger sentinels, fight microbes, or regulate tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Legoux
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U 932, 75005 Paris, France; , ,
| | - Marion Salou
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U 932, 75005 Paris, France; , ,
| | - Olivier Lantz
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U 932, 75005 Paris, France; , , .,Center of Clinical Investigations, CIC-1428 IGR/Curie, 75005 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'immunologie clinique, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
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20
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Chamoto K, Guo T, Scally SW, Kagoya Y, Anczurowski M, Wang CH, Rahman MA, Saso K, Butler MO, Chiu PPL, Julien JP, Hirano N. Key Residues at Third CDR3β Position Impact Structure and Antigen Recognition of Human Invariant NK TCRs. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:1056-1065. [PMID: 28003379 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The human invariant NK (iNK) TCR is largely composed of the invariant TCR Vα24-Jα18 chain and semivariant TCR Vβ11 chains with variable CDR3β sequences. The direct role of CDR3β in Ag recognition has been studied extensively. Although it was noted that CDR3β can interact with CDR3α, how this interaction might indirectly influence Ag recognition is not fully elucidated. We observed that the third position of Vβ11 CDR3 can encode an Arg or Ser residue as a result of somatic rearrangement. Clonotypic analysis of the two iNK TCR types with a single amino acid substitution revealed that the staining intensity by anti-Vα24 Abs depends on whether Ser or Arg is encoded. When stained with an anti-Vα24-Jα18 Ab, human primary invariant NKT cells could be divided into Vα24 low- and high-intensity subsets, and Arg-encoding TCR Vβ11 chains were more frequently isolated from the Vα24 low-intensity subpopulation compared with the Vα24 high-intensity subpopulation. The Arg/Ser substitution also influenced Ag recognition as determined by CD1d multimer staining and CD1d-restricted functional responses. Importantly, in silico modeling validated that this Ser-to-Arg mutation could alter the structure of the CDR3β loop, as well as the CDR3α loop. Collectively, these results indicate that the Arg/Ser encoded at the third CDR3β residue can effectively modulate the overall structure of, and Ag recognition by, human iNK TCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Chamoto
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scally
- Program in Molecular Structure and Function, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Chung-Hsi Wang
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Muhammed A Rahman
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Kayoko Saso
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Priscilla P L Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; and
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Program in Molecular Structure and Function, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada; .,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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21
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Cruz Tleugabulova M, Escalante NK, Deng S, Fieve S, Ereño-Orbea J, Savage PB, Julien JP, Mallevaey T. Discrete TCR Binding Kinetics Control Invariant NKT Cell Selection and Central Priming. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:3959-3969. [PMID: 27798168 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells develop and differentiate in the thymus, segregating into iNKT1/2/17 subsets akin to Th1/2/17 classical CD4+ T cells; however, iNKT TCRs recognize Ags in a fundamentally different way. How the biophysical parameters of iNKT TCRs influence signal strength in vivo and how such signals affect the development and differentiation of these cells are unknown. In this study, we manipulated TCRs in vivo to generate clonotypic iNKT cells using TCR retrogenic chimeras. We report that the biophysical properties of CD1d-lipid-TCR interactions differentially impacted the development and effector differentiation of iNKT cells. Whereas selection efficiency strongly correlated with TCR avidity, TCR signaling, cell-cell conjugate formation, and iNKT effector differentiation correlated with the half-life of CD1d-lipid-TCR interactions. TCR binding properties, however, did not modulate Ag-induced iNKT cytokine production. Our work establishes that discrete TCR interaction kinetics influence iNKT cell development and central priming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nichole K Escalante
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shenglou Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Stephanie Fieve
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; and
| | - Paul B Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; and.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Thierry Mallevaey
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada;
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22
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Guo T, Chamoto K, Nakatsugawa M, Ochi T, Yamashita Y, Anczurowski M, Butler MO, Hirano N. Mouse and Human CD1d-Self-Lipid Complexes Are Recognized Differently by Murine Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Receptors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156114. [PMID: 27213277 PMCID: PMC4877060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells recognize self-lipids presented by CD1d through characteristic TCRs, which mainly consist of the invariant Vα14-Jα18 TCRα chain and Vβ8.2, 7 or 2 TCRβ chains with hypervariable CDR3β sequences in mice. The iNKT cell-CD1d axis is conserved between humans and mice, and human CD1d reactivity of murine iNKT cells have been described. However, the detailed differences between the recognition of human and mouse CD1d bound to various self-lipids by mouse iNKT TCRs are largely unknown. In this study, we generated a de novo murine iNKT TCR repertoire with a wider range of autoreactivity compared with that of naturally occurring peripheral iNKT TCRs. Vβ8.2 mouse iNKT TCRs capable of recognizing the human CD1d-self-lipid tetramer were identified, although such clones were not detectable in the Vβ7 or Vβ2 iNKT TCR repertoire. In line with previously reports, clonotypic Vβ8.2 iNKT TCRs with unique CDR3β loops did not discriminate among lipids presented by mouse CD1d. Unexpectedly, however, these iNKT TCRs showed greater ligand selectivity toward human CD1d presenting the same lipids. Our findings demonstrated that the recognition of mouse and human CD1d-self-lipid complexes by murine iNKT TCRs is not conserved, thereby further elucidating the differences between cognate and cross-species reactivity of self-antigens by mouse iNKT TCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenji Chamoto
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Munehide Nakatsugawa
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Toshiki Ochi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuki Yamashita
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Anczurowski
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus O. Butler
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naoto Hirano
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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23
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Gapin L. Development of invariant natural killer T cells. Curr Opin Immunol 2016; 39:68-74. [PMID: 26802287 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells develop into functionally distinct subsets. Each subset expresses a unique combination of transcription factors that regulate cytokine gene transcription upon activation. The tissue distribution and localization within tissues also varies between subsets. Importantly, the relative abundance of the various subsets is directly responsible for altering several immunological parameters, which subsequently affect the immune response. Here, I review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular regulation of iNKT cell subset development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Gapin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical campus and National Jewish Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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24
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CDR3β sequence motifs regulate autoreactivity of human invariant NKT cell receptors. J Autoimmun 2015; 68:39-51. [PMID: 26748722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that recognize lipid ligands presented by monomorphic CD1d. Human iNKT T cell receptor (TCR) is largely composed of invariant Vα24 (Vα24i) TCRα chain and semi-variant Vβ11 TCRβ chain, where complementarity-determining region (CDR)3β is the sole variable region. One of the characteristic features of iNKT cells is that they retain autoreactivity even after the thymic selection. However, the molecular features of human iNKT TCR CDR3β sequences that regulate autoreactivity remain unknown. Since the numbers of iNKT cells with detectable autoreactivity in peripheral blood is limited, we introduced the Vα24i gene into peripheral T cells and generated a de novo human iNKT TCR repertoire. By stimulating the transfected T cells with artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) presenting self-ligands, we enriched strongly autoreactive iNKT TCRs and isolated a large panel of human iNKT TCRs with a broad range autoreactivity. From this panel of unique iNKT TCRs, we deciphered three CDR3β sequence motifs frequently encoded by strongly-autoreactive iNKT TCRs: a VD region with 2 or more acidic amino acids, usage of the Jβ2-5 allele, and a CDR3β region of 13 amino acids in length. iNKT TCRs encoding 2 or 3 sequence motifs also exhibit higher autoreactivity than those encoding 0 or 1 motifs. These data facilitate our understanding of the molecular basis for human iNKT cell autoreactivity involved in immune responses associated with human disease.
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25
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Fichtner AS, Paletta D, Starick L, Schumann RF, Niewiesk S, Herrmann T. Function and expression of CD1d and invariant natural killer T-cell receptor in the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus). Immunology 2015; 146:618-29. [PMID: 26346465 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) belongs to the rodent family of Cricetidae and provides a powerful model to study the pathogenesis of human respiratory viruses and measles virus. Recent studies in other rodent models have suggested a role for invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in antiviral immunity and vaccination against respiratory virus infections. Using new experimental tools, we provide the first evidence for a functional CD1d cell molecule (crCD1d) and iNKT T-cell receptor in cotton rats. The crCD1d cDNA sequence was identified and crCD1d transductants showed that monoclonal antibody WTH-2 stains crCD1d as efficiently as mouse or rat CD1d. The expression of crCD1d was clearly weaker for thymocytes and B cells, and higher for T cells, which is different to what is found in murine species. The antigen-presenting capacity of crCD1d was demonstrated with crCD1d-immunoglobulin dimers loaded with the glycolipid PBS57, which bound iNKT T-cell receptors. Evidence for functional cotton rat iNKT cells was provided by detection of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in cultures of splenocytes stimulated with PBS57 and α-galactosylceramide and by specific staining of about 0·2% of splenocytes with PBS57-loaded crCD1d dimers. Canonical AV14/AJ18 rearrangements were identified and found to contain multiple members of the AV14 (AV11) family. One of them was expressed and found to bind CD1d dimers. In summary, these data provide the first evidence for functional CD1d molecules and iNKT T-cell receptors in cotton rats and provide the tools to analyse them both in the cotton rat model of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Paletta
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Starick
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Niewiesk
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas Herrmann
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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26
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Anderson CK, Salter AI, Toussaint LE, Reilly EC, Fugère C, Srivastava N, Kerr WG, Brossay L. Role of SHIP1 in Invariant NKT Cell Development and Functions. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2149-2156. [PMID: 26232432 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
SHIP1 is a 5'-inositol phosphatase known to negatively regulate the signaling product of the PI3K pathway, phosphatidylinositol (3-5)-trisphosphate. SHIP1 is recruited to a large number of inhibitory receptors expressed on invariant NK (iNKT) cells. We hypothesized that SHIP1 deletion would have major effects on iNKT cell development by altering the thresholds for positive and negative selection. Germline SHIP1 deletion has been shown to affect T cells as well as other immune cell populations. However, the role of SHIP1 on T cell function has been controversial, and its participation on iNKT cell development and function has not been examined. We evaluated the consequences of SHIP1 deletion on iNKT cells using germline-deficient mice, chimeric mice, and conditionally deficient mice. We found that T cell and iNKT cell development are impaired in germline-deficient animals. However, this phenotype can be rescued by extrinsic expression of SHIP1. In contrast, SHIP1 is required cell autonomously for optimal iNKT cell cytokine secretion. This suggests that SHIP1 calibrates the threshold of iNKT cell reactivity. These data further our understanding of how iNKT cell activation is regulated and provide insights into the biology of this unique cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney K Anderson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Alexander I Salter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Leon E Toussaint
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Emma C Reilly
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Céline Fugère
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Neetu Srivastava
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - William G Kerr
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210.,Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Laurent Brossay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
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27
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Zbtb16 (PLZF) is stably suppressed and not inducible in non-innate T cells via T cell receptor-mediated signaling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12113. [PMID: 26178856 PMCID: PMC4503983 DOI: 10.1038/srep12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor PLZF (promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger; zbtb16) is essential for nearly all of the unique characteristics of NKT cells including their rapid and potent response to antigen. In the immune system, zbtb16 expression is only found in innate cells. Conventional T cells that ectopically express PLZF spontaneously acquire an activated, effector phenotype. Activation induced expression of lineage defining transcription factors such as T-bet, FoxP3, RORγt, GATA3 and others is essential for naïve T cell differentiation into effector T cells. In this study, we used sensitive genetic-based approaches to assess the induction of PLZF expression in non-innate T cells by T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated activation. Surprisingly, we found that PLZF was stably repressed in non-innate T cells and that TCR-mediated signaling was not sufficient to induce PLZF in conventional T cells. The inactivated state of PLZF was stably maintained in mature T cells, even under inflammatory conditions imposed by bacterial infection. Collectively, our data show that, in contrast to multiple recent reports, PLZF expression is highly specific to innate T cells and cannot be induced in conventional T cells via TCR-mediated activation or inflammatory challenge.
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28
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Paletta D, Fichtner AS, Hahn AM, Starick L, Beyersdorf N, Monzon-Casanova E, Mueller TD, Herrmann T. The hypervariable region 4 (HV4) and position 93 of the α chain modulate CD1d-glycolipid binding of iNKT TCRs. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:2122-33. [PMID: 25900449 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
TCRs of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells bind α-galactosylceramide (αGC) loaded CD1d in a highly conserved fashion and show a characteristic TCR gene usage: An "invariant" α chain with a canonical AV14/AJ18 rearrangement in mice (AV24/AJ18 in humans) is paired with β chains containing characteristic Vβ segments. In the rat, a multimember AV14 gene family increases the variability within this system. This study characterizes CD1d binding of rat AV14 gene segments in TCR transductants as well as CD1d binding and iNKT TCR expression of expanded polyclonal F344 rat iNKT populations. It defines an important role of position 93 at the V-J transition for TCR avidity and species cross-reactivity of the rat iNKT TCR. Furthermore, for the first time we identified variability within the fourth hypervariable loop (HV4) of the α chain as a modulator of CD1d:αGC binding in rat and mouse. Additionally, we confirmed the importance of the CDR2β for CD1d:αGC binding, but also show that the CDR3β may even have opposite effects on binding depending on the pairing α chain. Altogether, we characterized naturally occurring sources of variability for the iNKT TCR and speculate that they rather level than increase the largely germline encoded differences of iNKT TCR ligand avidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paletta
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Maria Hahn
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Starick
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Beyersdorf
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Thomas D Mueller
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Herrmann
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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29
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Carr T, Krishnamoorthy V, Yu S, Xue HH, Kee BL, Verykokakis M. The transcription factor lymphoid enhancer factor 1 controls invariant natural killer T cell expansion and Th2-type effector differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:793-807. [PMID: 25897173 PMCID: PMC4419352 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor LEF1 promotes the expansion and Th2-type polarization of invariant NKT cells in part by directly inducing the expression of the IL-7 receptor component CD127 and the transcription factors c-myc and Gata3. Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are innate-like T cells that rapidly produce cytokines that impact antimicrobial immune responses, asthma, and autoimmunity. These cells acquire multiple effector fates during their thymic development that parallel those of CD4+ T helper cells. The number of Th2-type effector iNKT cells is variable in different strains of mice, and their number impacts CD8 T, dendritic, and B cell function. Here we demonstrate a unique function for the transcription factor lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1) in the postselection expansion of iNKT cells through a direct induction of the CD127 component of the receptor for interleukin-7 (IL-7) and the transcription factor c-myc. LEF1 also directly augments expression of the effector fate–specifying transcription factor GATA3, thus promoting the development of Th2-like effector iNKT cells that produce IL-4, including those that also produce interferon-γ. Our data reveal LEF1 as a central regulator of iNKT cell number and Th2-type effector differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Carr
- Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Veena Krishnamoorthy
- Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Shuyang Yu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Barbara L Kee
- Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Mihalis Verykokakis
- Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Committee on Immunology, Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, and Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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30
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Hogquist KA, Jameson SC. The self-obsession of T cells: how TCR signaling thresholds affect fate 'decisions' and effector function. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:815-23. [PMID: 25137456 PMCID: PMC4348363 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Self-reactivity was once seen as a potential characteristic of T cells that was eliminated by clonal selection to protect the host from autoimmune pathology. It is now understood that the T cell repertoire is in fact broadly self-reactive, even self-centered. The strength with which a T cell reacts to self ligands and the environmental context in which this reaction occurs influence almost every aspect of T cell biology, from development to differentiation to effector function. Here we highlight recent advances and discoveries that relate to T cell self-reactivity, with a particular emphasis on T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A Hogquist
- Center for Immunology and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen C Jameson
- Center for Immunology and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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31
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Abstract
The evolutionary conservation of T lymphocyte subsets bearing αβ TCRs using invariant α-chains is indicative of unique and important functions. Among these T lymphocytes, NKT cells that express an invariant TCRα-chain and recognize lipid Ags presented by the nonclassical MHC class I molecule CD1d are probably the most studied. However, a new population of evolutionarily conserved T cells with another invariant TCRα rearrangement was recently characterized. These cells, which are very abundant in humans, tend to reside in mucosal tissues and, therefore, were named mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Until recently, little was known about MAIT cells; however, several recent advances in our understanding of MAIT cell characteristics and functions secure their upcoming rise to fame in the immunology field and in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Gapin
- Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80206
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