1
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Zhou C, Wu Y, Teng Y, Zhang J, Liu J. BRF1 promotes the odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in pulpitis by inducing autophagy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35442. [PMID: 39229529 PMCID: PMC11369479 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective While post-transcriptional modifications play a pivotal role in the autophagy regulation, studies on dental pulp disease are limited. This study investigated the effect of BRF1 on autophagy in inflamed pulp tissue and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods Immunohistochemical analysis was used to examine BRF1 expression, autophagy levels, and dentinogenic markers in normal and inflamed pulp. The presence of autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Primary hDPSCs were treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for different lengths of time. The expression of BRF1 and autophagy makers was determined by Western blotting. BRF1 knockdown and 3 MA treatment were employed to assess changes in autophagy and dentinogenic differentiation. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to co-localize BRF1 with LC3B in pulp tissue. Results The expressions of BRF1, LC3, DMP1, and DSP were significantly elevated in the inflamed pulp. LPS enhanced the protein production of IL-6, BRF1, LC3, and Beclin-1 from 6 h to 24 h after the treatment. BRF1 knockdown reduced the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and the differentiation ability of hDPSCs, while 3 MA inhibited LPS-mediated dentinogenic differentiation. Double-labeling revealed that BRF1 co-localized with LC3B in inflamed pulp. Conclusion This study demonstrated that BRF1 promoted autophagy activation and odontogenic differentiation in pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Now Working in Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yizhen Teng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiarong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
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2
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Magg V, Manetto A, Kopp K, Wu CC, Naghizadeh M, Lindner D, Eke L, Welsch J, Kallenberger SM, Schott J, Haucke V, Locker N, Stoecklin G, Ruggieri A. Turnover of PPP1R15A mRNA encoding GADD34 controls responsiveness and adaptation to cellular stress. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114069. [PMID: 38602876 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) is a key cellular signaling pathway activated by environmental alterations that represses protein synthesis to restore homeostasis. To prevent sustained damage, the ISR is counteracted by the upregulation of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 34 (GADD34), a stress-induced regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 that mediates translation reactivation and stress recovery. Here, we uncover a novel ISR regulatory mechanism that post-transcriptionally controls the stability of PPP1R15A mRNA encoding GADD34. We establish that the 3' untranslated region of PPP1R15A mRNA contains an active AU-rich element (ARE) recognized by proteins of the ZFP36 family, promoting its rapid decay under normal conditions and stabilization for efficient expression of GADD34 in response to stress. We identify the tight temporal control of PPP1R15A mRNA turnover as a component of the transient ISR memory, which sets the threshold for cellular responsiveness and mediates adaptation to repeated stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Magg
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Manetto
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Kopp
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chia Ching Wu
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohsen Naghizadeh
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Doris Lindner
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucy Eke
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Julia Welsch
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Kallenberger
- Digital Health Center, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Charité, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Schott
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Freie Universität Berlin, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Locker
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK; The Pirbright Institute, GU24 0NF Pirbright, UK
| | - Georg Stoecklin
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Division of Biochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3) and Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Alessia Ruggieri
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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3
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Zhu X, Liu H, Chen L, Wu C, Liu X, Cang Y, Jiang B, Yang X, Fan G. Addressing the Enzyme-independent tumor-promoting function of NAMPT via PROTAC-mediated degradation. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1616-1629.e12. [PMID: 36323324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant overexpression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) has been reported in a variety of tumor cells and is a poor prognosis factor for patient survival. It plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, acting concurrently as an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) synthase and, unexpectedly, as an extracellular signaling molecule for several tumor-promoting pathways. Although previous efforts to modulate NAMPT activity were limited to enzymatic inhibitors with low success in clinical studies, protein degradation offers the possibility to simultaneously disrupt NAMPT's enzyme activity and ligand capabilities. Here we report the development of two highly selective proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) that promote NAMPT degradation in a cereblon-dependent manner. Both PROTAC degraders outperform a clinical candidate, FK866, in killing effect on hematological tumor cells. These results emphasize the importance and feasibility of applying PROTACs as a superior strategy for targeting proteins with multiple tumor-promoting functions like NAMPT, which is not easily achieved by conventional enzymatic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chenxu Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yong Cang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Biao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Gluetacs Therapeutics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Gaofeng Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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4
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Yuan S, Zhai Y, Tao T, Zhang X, Bashir G, Li G, Wang G, Wu S. Conflicting Roles of ZFP36L1 in Regulating the Progression of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:687786. [PMID: 35359594 PMCID: PMC8962643 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.687786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most common carcinoma of the human urinary system, bladder cancer (BC) is characterized by high recurrence, and poor prognosis after metastasis. In the past decade, genome-wide expression and sequencing studies had identified key genes and pathways related to BC, and pictured the comprehensive molecular features of the disease. Our previous study indicated that the coding gene of zinc finger protein 36 like 1 (ZFP36L1) mutated frequently in bladder tumor tissues and may be a potential suppressor for BC. The present study aimed to further investigate the role of ZFP36L1 in BC, and the survival analysis based on TCGA dataset revealed that high expressing level of ZFP36L1 associated with poorer prognosis of the patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The associations of ZFP36L1 expression to the clinicopathological and molecular biological features also implicated the high level of ZFP36L1 may related to worse outcomes of patients. Also, GSEA indicated that high expression of ZFP36L1 significantly associated with enhanced activity of cancer metastasis related pathways. Functions of ZFP36L1 in MIBC were investigated further, and it was found that while ZFP36L1 suppressed the self-renewal of bladder cancer cells, it promoted the invasiveness of the cells markedly. Taken together, these results led to the conflicting roles of ZFP36L1 in regulating the progression of MIBC, and revealed further researches are needed to clarify the functions of the gene in tumor initiation and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ghassan Bashir
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Medical College, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangzhi Li
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
| | - Song Wu
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Medical College, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Song Wu,
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5
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Albano F, Tucci V, Blackshear PJ, Reale C, Roberto L, Russo F, Marotta P, Porreca I, Colella M, Mallardo M, de Felice M, Ambrosino C. ZFP36L2 Role in Thyroid Functionality. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9379. [PMID: 34502288 PMCID: PMC8431063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone levels are usually genetically determined. Thyrocytes produce a unique set of enzymes that are dedicated to thyroid hormone synthesis. While thyroid transcriptional regulation is well-characterized, post-transcriptional mechanisms have been less investigated. Here, we describe the involvement of ZFP36L2, a protein that stimulates degradation of target mRNAs, in thyroid development and function, by in vivo and in vitro gene targeting in thyrocytes. Thyroid-specific Zfp36l2-/- females were hypothyroid, with reduced levels of circulating free Thyroxine (cfT4) and Triiodothyronine (cfT3). Their hypothyroidism was due to dyshormonogenesis, already evident one week after weaning, while thyroid development appeared normal. We observed decreases in several thyroid-specific transcripts and proteins, such as Nis and its transcriptional regulators (Pax8 and Nkx2.1), and increased apoptosis in Zfp36l2-/- thyroids. Nis, Pax8, and Nkx2.1 mRNAs were also reduced in Zfp36l2 knock-out thyrocytes in vitro (L2KO), in which we confirmed the increased apoptosis. Finally, in L2KO cells, we showed an altered response to TSH stimulation regarding both thyroid-specific gene expression and cell proliferation and survival. This result was supported by increases in P21/WAF1 and p-P38MAPK levels. Mechanistically, we confirmed Notch1 as a target of ZFP36L2 in the thyroid since its levels were increased in both in vitro and in vivo models. In both models, the levels of Id4 mRNA, a potential inhibitor of Pax8 activity, were increased. Overall, the data indicate that the regulation of mRNA stability by ZFP36L2 is a mechanism that controls the function and survival of thyrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Albano
- IEOS-CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Valeria Tucci
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Perry J. Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA;
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Carla Reale
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Luca Roberto
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Filomena Russo
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Pina Marotta
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Immacolata Porreca
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Colella
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Massimo Mallardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mario de Felice
- IEOS-CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Biogem, Istituto di Biologia e Genetica Molecolare, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy; (V.T.); (C.R.); (L.R.); (F.R.); (I.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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6
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Kaehler M, Dworschak M, Rodin JP, Ruemenapp J, Vater I, Penas EMM, Liu C, Cascorbi I, Nagel I. ZFP36L1 plays an ambiguous role in the regulation of cell expansion and negatively regulates CDKN1A in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Exp Hematol 2021; 99:54-64.e7. [PMID: 34090970 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mRNA-destabilizing proteins ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 are described as mediators of quiescence and play a pivotal role in hematopoietic malignancies. Both genes are mainly classified as tumor suppressor genes as they posttranscriptionally downregulate the expression of oncogenes and contribute to cellular quiescence. Here, we analyzed the role of ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We found ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 expression to be deregulated in patients with CML. By use of in vitro models of tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, an increase in ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 expression was detected during the development of imatinib resistance. CRISPR/Cas9-derived knockout of ZFP36L1, but not of ZFP36L2, in imatinib-sensitive cells led to decreased proliferation rates in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. This effect was also observed in untreated ZFP36L1 knockout cells, albeit to a lower extent. Genomewide gene expression analyses of ZFP36L1 knockout cells revealed differential expression of cell cycle regulators, in particular upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitor CDKN1A. In addition, the 3' untranslated region of CDKN1A was proven to be a direct target of ZFP36L1. This indicates that tumor suppressor genes can also be targeted by ZFP36L1. Hence, ZFP36L1 cannot unambiguously be regarded as a tumor suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Kaehler
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maike Dworschak
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julian Phillip Rodin
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johanna Ruemenapp
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Inga Vater
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel Germany
| | - Eva Maria Murga Penas
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel Germany
| | - Catherine Liu
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ingolf Cascorbi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Inga Nagel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel Germany
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7
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Dynamic lineage priming is driven via direct enhancer regulation by ERK. Nature 2019; 575:355-360. [PMID: 31695196 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Central to understanding cellular behaviour in multi-cellular organisms is the question of how a cell exits one transcriptional state to adopt and eventually become committed to another. Fibroblast growth factor-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (FGF -ERK) signalling drives differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and pre-implantation embryos towards primitive endoderm, and inhibiting ERK supports ES cell self-renewal1. Paracrine FGF-ERK signalling induces heterogeneity, whereby cells reversibly progress from pluripotency towards primitive endoderm while retaining their capacity to re-enter self-renewal2. Here we find that ERK reversibly regulates transcription in ES cells by directly affecting enhancer activity without requiring a change in transcription factor binding. ERK triggers the reversible association and disassociation of RNA polymerase II and associated co-factors from genes and enhancers with the mediator component MED24 having an essential role in ERK-dependent transcriptional regulation. Though the binding of mediator components responds directly to signalling, the persistent binding of pluripotency factors to both induced and repressed genes marks them for activation and/or reactivation in response to fluctuations in ERK activity. Among the repressed genes are several core components of the pluripotency network that act to drive their own expression and maintain the ES cell state; if their binding is lost, the ability to reactivate transcription is compromised. Thus, as long as transcription factor occupancy is maintained, so is plasticity, enabling cells to distinguish between transient and sustained signals. If ERK signalling persists, pluripotency transcription factor levels are reduced by protein turnover and irreversible gene silencing and commitment can occur.
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8
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Xie W, Zheng W, Liu M, Qin Q, Zhao Y, Cheng Z, Guo F. BRF1 ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation through autophagy crosstalking with MAPK/ERK signaling. Genes Dis 2018; 5:226-234. [PMID: 30320187 PMCID: PMC6176218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is indispensable for host defense, whereas excessive inflammation often develop inflammatory diseases. Autophagy is thought to be engaged in many extracellular stress responses, such as starvation and innate immunity. Thus, autophagy plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function of BRF1 in the regulation of inflammation and autophagy response in macrophages. We found that BRF1 inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory factors expression and the autophagy flux in macrophage. Furthermore, inhibition autophagy with 3-MA can attenuate the suppressive effect of BRF1 on LPS-mediated inflammation. In addition, MAPK/ERK signaling pathway was involved in the BRF1 inhibition inflammation and autophagy in macrophages. These findings indicate that BRF1 attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory factors secretion through autophagy, at least in part, through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qizhong Qin
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhi Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fengjin Guo
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Core Facility of Development Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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9
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Ramos-Alonso L, Romero AM, Soler MÀ, Perea-García A, Alepuz P, Puig S, Martínez-Pastor MT. Yeast Cth2 protein represses the translation of ARE-containing mRNAs in response to iron deficiency. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007476. [PMID: 29912874 PMCID: PMC6023232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to iron deficiency, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes a metabolic remodeling in order to optimize iron utilization. The tandem zinc finger (TZF)-containing protein Cth2 plays a critical role in this adaptation by binding and promoting the degradation of multiple mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements (AREs). Here, we demonstrate that Cth2 also functions as a translational repressor of its target mRNAs. By complementary approaches, we demonstrate that Cth2 protein inhibits the translation of SDH4, which encodes a subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, and CTH2 mRNAs in response to iron depletion. Both the AREs within SDH4 and CTH2 transcripts, and the Cth2 TZF are essential for translational repression. We show that the role played by Cth2 as a negative translational regulator extends to other mRNA targets such as WTM1, CCP1 and HEM15. A structure-function analysis of Cth2 protein suggests that the Cth2 amino-terminal domain (NTD) is important for both mRNA turnover and translation inhibition, while its carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) only participates in the regulation of translation, but is dispensable for mRNA degradation. Finally, we demonstrate that the Cth2 CTD is physiologically relevant for adaptation to iron deficiency. Iron is essential for eukaryotes because it is required for many fundamental processes such as DNA replication, protein translation or respiration, but it is very insoluble and can, therefore, easily go scarce. For this reason, eukaryotic cells have developed adaptive responses to iron deficiency. Under iron limitation conditions, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces the expression of Cth2, a protein with tandem zinc fingers that binds to adenine and uracil-rich sequences in the 3’-UTR of specific mRNAs related to iron metabolism, promoting their degradation. Here we show that Cth2 inhibits the translation of ARE-containing mRNAs, including SDH4, WTM1, HEM15 and CCP1, which encode proteins that contain iron or participate in iron-dependent pathways, and CTH2 itself, which is subjected to an autoregulatory loop that controls its expression. We also dissected different domains of Cth2 that are differentially involved in mRNA decay and translational inhibition. The involvement of Cth2 in translational control reinforces the importance of this ARE-binding protein as a post-transcriptional regulator of the iron response in yeast. By acting at different steps in the life of specific mRNA targets, Cth2 action ensures yeast cells a proper distribution of iron by optimizing its utilization in essential processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Ramos-Alonso
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonia María Romero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Àngel Soler
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Perea-García
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Alepuz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- ERI Biotecmed, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergi Puig
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (MTMP); (SP)
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10
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Lu H, Tran L, Park Y, Chen I, Lan J, Xie Y, Semenza GL. Reciprocal Regulation of DUSP9 and DUSP16 Expression by HIF1 Controls ERK and p38 MAP Kinase Activity and Mediates Chemotherapy-Induced Breast Cancer Stem Cell Enrichment. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4191-4202. [PMID: 29880481 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis due to its aggressive characteristics and lack of targeted therapies. Cytotoxic chemotherapy may reduce tumor bulk, but leaves residual disease due to the persistence of chemotherapy-resistant breast cancer stem cells (BCSC), which are critical for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1-dependent regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways contributes to chemotherapy-induced BCSC enrichment. Chemotherapy increased DUSP9 expression and decreased DUSP16 expression in a HIF1-dependent manner, leading to inhibition of ERK and activation of p38 signaling pathways, respectively. Inhibition of ERK caused transcriptional induction of the pluripotency factor Nanog through decreased inactivating phosphorylation of FoxO3, while activation of p38 stabilized Nanog and Klf4 mRNA through increased inactivating phosphorylation of RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1, both of which promoted specification of the BCSC phenotype. Inhibition of HIF1 or p38 signaling blocked chemotherapy-induced pluripotency factor expression and BCSC enrichment. These surprising results delineate a mechanism by which a transcription factor switches cells from ERK to p38 signaling in response to chemotherapy and suggest that therapeutic targeting of HIF1 or the p38 pathway in combination with chemotherapy will block BCSC enrichment and improve outcome in TNBC.Significance: These findings provide a molecular mechanism that may account for the increased relapse rate of women with TNBC who are treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and suggest that combining chemotherapy with an inhibitor of HIF1 or p38 activity may increase patient survival. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4191-202. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Lu
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Linh Tran
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Youngrok Park
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ivan Chen
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jie Lan
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangyiran Xie
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. .,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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11
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Kondo M, Noguchi A, Matsuura Y, Shimada M, Yokota N, Kawahara H. Novel phosphorelay-dependent control of ZFP36L1 protein during the cell cycle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:387-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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12
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Schulz EG. X-chromosome dosage as a modulator of pluripotency, signalling and differentiation? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 372:rstb.2016.0366. [PMID: 28947662 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Already during early embryogenesis, before sex-specific hormone production is initiated, sex differences in embryonic development have been observed in several mammalian species. Typically, female embryos develop more slowly than their male siblings. A similar phenotype has recently been described in differentiating murine embryonic stem cells, where a double dose of the X-chromosome halts differentiation until dosage-compensation has been achieved through X-chromosome inactivation. On the molecular level, several processes associated with early differentiation of embryonic stem cells have been found to be affected by X-chromosome dosage, such as the transcriptional state of the pluripotency network, the activity pattern of several signal transduction pathways and global levels of DNA-methylation. This review provides an overview of the sex differences described in embryonic stem cells from mice and discusses a series of X-linked genes that are associated with pluripotency, signalling and differentiation and their potential involvement in mediating the observed X-dosage-dependent effects.This article is part of the themed issue 'X-chromosome inactivation: a tribute to Mary Lyon'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edda G Schulz
- Otto-Warburg-Laboratorium, Max-Planck-Institut for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Ren G, Sun J, Li MM, Zhang YD, Li RH, Li YM. MicroRNA-23a-5p regulates osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase-13. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4554-4560. [PMID: 29344643 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remain to be fully elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRs) serve vital roles in the process of regulating osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR‑23a‑5p in osteogenic differentiation of human (h)BMSCs, and the underlying molecular mechanism. The results of reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that miR‑23a‑5p was significantly downregulated in the process of osteogenic differentiation. Upregulation of miR‑23a‑5p inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, and down‑regulated expression of miR‑23a‑5p enhanced this process, which was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S staining. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay confirmed that mitogen‑activated protein kinase 13 (MAPK13) was a direct target of miR‑23a‑5p. In addition, knockdown of MAPK13 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, similar to the effect of upregulation of miR‑23a‑5p. Finally, the knockdown of MAPK13 also blocked the effect of miR‑23a‑5p in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, which was also confirmed by ALP and Alizarin Red S staining. These results indicated that by targeting MAPK13, miR‑23a‑5p serves a vital role in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, which may provide novel clinical treatments for bone injury however, further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ren
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin 300382, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin 300382, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Meng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin 300382, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Dong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin 300382, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Hua Li
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin 300382, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- Department of Stomatology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai, Tianjin 300382, P.R. China
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14
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Effects of oxidative and thermal stresses on stress granule formation in human induced pluripotent stem cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182059. [PMID: 28746394 PMCID: PMC5528897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress Granules (SGs) are dynamic ribonucleoprotein aggregates, which have been observed in cells subjected to environmental stresses, such as oxidative stress and heat shock (HS). Although pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are highly sensitive to oxidative stress, the role of SGs in regulating PSC self-renewal and differentiation has not been fully elucidated. Here we found that sodium arsenite (SA) and HS, but not hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), induce SG formation in human induced (hi) PSCs. Particularly, we found that these granules contain the well-known SG proteins (G3BP, TIAR, eIF4E, eIF4A, eIF3B, eIF4G, and PABP), were found in juxtaposition to processing bodies (PBs), and were disassembled after the removal of the stress. Moreover, we showed that SA and HS, but not H2O2, promote eIF2α phosphorylation in hiPSCs forming SGs. Analysis of pluripotent protein expression showed that HS significantly reduced all tested markers (OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, L1TD1, and LIN28A), while SA selectively reduced the expression levels of NANOG and L1TD1. Finally, in addition to LIN28A and L1TD1, we identified DPPA5 (pluripotent protein marker) as a novel component of SGs. Collectively, these results provide new insights into the molecular cues of hiPSCs responses to environmental insults.
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15
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Betschinger J. Charting Developmental Dissolution of Pluripotency. J Mol Biol 2016; 429:1441-1458. [PMID: 28013029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The formation of tissues and organs during metazoan development begs fundamental questions of cellular plasticity: How can the very same genome program have diverse cell types? How do cell identity programs unfold during development in space and time? How can defects in these mechanisms cause disease and also provide opportunities for therapeutic intervention? And ultimately, can developmental programs be exploited for bioengineering tissues and organs? Understanding principle designs of cellular identity and developmental progression is crucial for providing answers. Here, I will discuss how the capture of embryonic pluripotency in murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro has allowed fundamental insights into the molecular underpinnings of a developmental cell state and how its ordered disassembly during differentiation prepares for lineage specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Betschinger
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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16
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LIN28 phosphorylation by MAPK/ERK couples signalling to the post-transcriptional control of pluripotency. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 19:60-67. [PMID: 27992407 PMCID: PMC5182091 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Signaling and post-transcriptional gene control are both critical for the regulation of pluripotency1,2, yet how they are integrated to influence cell identity remains poorly understood. LIN28 (also known as LIN28A), a highly conserved RNA-binding protein (RBP), has emerged as a central post-transcriptional regulator of cell fate through blockade of let-7 microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and direct modulation of mRNA translation3. Here we show that LIN28 is phosphorylated by MAPK/ERK in pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), which increases its levels via post-translational stabilization. LIN28 phosphorylation had little impact on let-7 but enhanced LIN28’s effect on its direct mRNA targets, revealing a mechanism that uncouples LIN28’s let-7-dependent and independent activities. We have linked this mechanism to the induction of pluripotency by somatic cell reprogramming and the transition from naïve to primed pluripotency. Collectively, our findings indicate that MAPK/ERK directly impacts LIN28, defining an axis that connects signaling, post-transcriptional gene control, and cell fate regulation.
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17
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Herranz N, Gallage S, Mellone M, Wuestefeld T, Klotz S, Hanley CJ, Raguz S, Acosta JC, Innes AJ, Banito A, Georgilis A, Montoya A, Wolter K, Dharmalingam G, Faull P, Carroll T, Martínez-Barbera JP, Cutillas P, Reisinger F, Heikenwalder M, Miller RA, Withers D, Zender L, Thomas GJ, Gil J. mTOR regulates MAPKAPK2 translation to control the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:1205-17. [PMID: 26280535 PMCID: PMC4589897 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 501] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells secrete a combination of factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP reinforces senescence and activates an immune surveillance response, but it can also show pro-tumorigenic properties and contribute to age-related pathologies. In a drug screen to find new SASP regulators, we uncovered the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin as a potent SASP suppressor. Here we report a mechanism by which mTOR controls the SASP by differentially regulating the translation of the MK2 (also known as MAPKAPK2) kinase through 4EBP1. In turn, MAPKAPK2 phosphorylates the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1 during senescence, inhibiting its ability to degrade the transcripts of numerous SASP components. Consequently, mTOR inhibition or constitutive activation of ZFP36L1 impairs the non-cell-autonomous effects of senescent cells in both tumour-suppressive and tumour-promoting contexts. Altogether, our results place regulation of the SASP as a key mechanism by which mTOR could influence cancer, age-related diseases and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Herranz
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Suchira Gallage
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Metabolic Signalling Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Massimiliano Mellone
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Torsten Wuestefeld
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Klotz
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christopher J. Hanley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Selina Raguz
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrew J Innes
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Ana Banito
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Athena Georgilis
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alex Montoya
- Proteomics Facility; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Katharina Wolter
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gopuraja Dharmalingam
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Peter Faull
- Proteomics Facility; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Pedro Cutillas
- Proteomics Facility; MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Florian Reisinger
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Dominic Withers
- Metabolic Signalling Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lars Zender
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors, Dept. of Internal Medicine I, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gareth J. Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK Centre, Somers Building, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jesús Gil
- Cell Proliferation Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
- Epigenetics Section, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
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18
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Abstract
Establishment, maintenance, and exit from pluripotency require precise coordination of a cell's molecular machinery. Substantial headway has been made in deciphering many aspects of this elaborate system, particularly with respect to epigenetics, transcription, and noncoding RNAs. Less attention has been paid to posttranscriptional regulatory processes such as alternative splicing, RNA processing and modification, nuclear export, regulation of transcript stability, and translation. Here, we introduce the RNA binding proteins that enable the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, summarizing current and ongoing research on their roles at different regulatory points and discussing how they help script the fate of pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ye
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Robert Blelloch
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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19
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Heterogeneities in Nanog Expression Drive Stable Commitment to Pluripotency in the Mouse Blastocyst. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1508-1520. [PMID: 25753417 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pluripotent epiblast (EPI) is the founder tissue of almost all somatic cells. EPI and primitive endoderm (PrE) progenitors arise from the inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst-stage embryo. The EPI lineage is distinctly identified by its expression of pluripotency-associated factors. Many of these factors have been reported to exhibit dynamic fluctuations of expression in embryonic stem cell cultures. Whether these fluctuations correlating with ICM fate choice occur in vivo remains an open question. Using single-cell resolution quantitative imaging of a Nanog transcriptional reporter, we noted an irreversible commitment to EPI/PrE lineages in vivo. A period of apoptosis occurred concomitantly with ICM cell-fate choice, followed by a burst of EPI-specific cell proliferation. Transitions were occasionally observed from PrE-to-EPI, but not vice versa, suggesting that they might be regulated and not stochastic. We propose that the rapid timescale of early mammalian embryonic development prevents fluctuations in cell fate.
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20
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Pasque V, Tchieu J, Karnik R, Uyeda M, Sadhu Dimashkie A, Case D, Papp B, Bonora G, Patel S, Ho R, Schmidt R, McKee R, Sado T, Tada T, Meissner A, Plath K. X chromosome reactivation dynamics reveal stages of reprogramming to pluripotency. Cell 2015; 159:1681-97. [PMID: 25525883 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reprogramming to iPSCs resets the epigenome of somatic cells, including the reversal of X chromosome inactivation. We sought to gain insight into the steps underlying the reprogramming process by examining the means by which reprogramming leads to X chromosome reactivation (XCR). Analyzing single cells in situ, we found that hallmarks of the inactive X (Xi) change sequentially, providing a direct readout of reprogramming progression. Several epigenetic changes on the Xi occur in the inverse order of developmental X inactivation, whereas others are uncoupled from this sequence. Among the latter, DNA methylation has an extraordinary long persistence on the Xi during reprogramming, and, like Xist expression, is erased only after pluripotency genes are activated. Mechanistically, XCR requires both DNA demethylation and Xist silencing, ensuring that only cells undergoing faithful reprogramming initiate XCR. Our study defines the epigenetic state of multiple sequential reprogramming intermediates and establishes a paradigm for studying cell fate transitions during reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pasque
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jason Tchieu
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rahul Karnik
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Molly Uyeda
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anupama Sadhu Dimashkie
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dana Case
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bernadett Papp
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Giancarlo Bonora
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sanjeet Patel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ritchie Ho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ryan Schmidt
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robin McKee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Takashi Sado
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Tada
- Department of Stem Cell Engineering, Stem Cell Research Center, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Alexander Meissner
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Kathrin Plath
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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21
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Hyatt LD, Wasserman GA, Rah YJ, Matsuura KY, Coleman FT, Hilliard KL, Pepper-Cunningham ZA, Ieong M, Stumpo DJ, Blackshear PJ, Quinton LJ, Mizgerd JP, Jones MR. Myeloid ZFP36L1 does not regulate inflammation or host defense in mouse models of acute bacterial infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109072. [PMID: 25299049 PMCID: PMC4192124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger protein 36, C3H type-like 1 (ZFP36L1) is one of several Zinc Finger Protein 36 (Zfp36) family members, which bind AU rich elements within 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) to negatively regulate the post-transcriptional expression of targeted mRNAs. The prototypical member of the family, Tristetraprolin (TTP or ZFP36), has been well-studied in the context of inflammation and plays an important role in repressing pro-inflammatory transcripts such as TNF-α. Much less is known about the other family members, and none have been studied in the context of infection. Using macrophage cell lines and primary alveolar macrophages we demonstrated that, like ZFP36, ZFP36L1 is prominently induced by infection. To test our hypothesis that macrophage production of ZFP36L1 is necessary for regulation of the inflammatory response of the lung during pneumonia, we generated mice with a myeloid-specific deficiency of ZFP36L1. Surprisingly, we found that myeloid deficiency of ZFP36L1 did not result in alteration of lung cytokine production after infection, altered clearance of bacteria, or increased inflammatory lung injury. Although alveolar macrophages are critical components of the innate defense against respiratory pathogens, we concluded that myeloid ZFP36L1 is not essential for appropriate responses to bacteria in the lungs. Based on studies conducted with myeloid-deficient ZFP36 mice, our data indicate that, of the Zfp36 family, ZFP36 is the predominant negative regulator of cytokine expression in macrophages. In conclusion, these results imply that myeloid ZFP36 may fully compensate for loss of ZFP36L1 or that Zfp36l1-dependent mRNA expression does not play an integral role in the host defense against bacterial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynnae D. Hyatt
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Wasserman
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yoon J. Rah
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kori Y. Matsuura
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Fadie T. Coleman
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kristie L. Hilliard
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Michael Ieong
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Deborah J. Stumpo
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Perry J. Blackshear
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lee J. Quinton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joseph P. Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Matthew R. Jones
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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