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Schiefer JL, Wergen NM, Grieb G, Bagheri M, Seyhan H, Badra M, Kopp M, Fuchs PC, Windolf J, Suschek CV. Experimental evidence for Parthanatos-like mode of cell death of heat-damaged human skin fibroblasts in a cell culture-based in vitro burn model. Burns 2024; 50:1562-1577. [PMID: 38570249 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms of burn conversion of heat damaged tissue are center of many studies. Even if the molecular mechanisms of heat-induced cell death are controversially discussed in the current literature, it is widely accepted that caspase-mediated apoptosis plays a central role. In the current study we wanted to develop further information on the nature of the mechanism of heat-induced cell death of fibroblasts in vitro. We found that heating of human fibroblast cultures (a 10 s rise from 37 °C to 67 °C followed by a 13 s cool down to 37 °C) resulted in the death of about 50% of the cells. However, the increase in cell death started with a delay, about one hour after exposure to heat, and reached the maximum after about five hours. The lack of clear evidence for an active involvement of effector caspase in the observed cell death mechanism and the lack of observation of the occurrence of hypodiploid nuclei contradict heat-induced cell death by caspase-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, a dominant heat-induced increase in PARP1 protein expression, which correlated with a time-delayed ATP synthesis inhibition, appearance of double-strand breaks and secondary necrosis, indicate a different type of cell death than apoptosis. Indeed, increased translocation of Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) and Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) into cell nuclei, which correlates with the mentioned enhanced PARP1 protein expression, indicate PARP1-induced, AIF-mediated and MIF-activated cell death. With regard to the molecular actors involved, the cellular processes and temporal sequences, the mode of cell death observed in our model is very similar to the cell death mechanism via Parthanatos described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lynn Schiefer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Merheim Hospital Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Köln, Germany.
| | - Niklas M Wergen
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerrit Grieb
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mahsa Bagheri
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Merheim Hospital Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Köln, Germany
| | - Harun Seyhan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Merheim Hospital Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Köln, Germany
| | - Maria Badra
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marco Kopp
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul C Fuchs
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Burn Center, Merheim Hospital Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Köln, Germany
| | - Joachim Windolf
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph V Suschek
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Noh MR, Padanilam BJ. Cell death induced by acute renal injury: a perspective on the contributions of accidental and programmed cell death. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 327:F4-F20. [PMID: 38660714 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00275.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of cell death in acute kidney injury (AKI) is linked to multiple factors including energy depletion, electrolyte imbalance, reactive oxygen species, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activation of several cell death pathway components. Since our review in 2003, discussing the relative contributions of apoptosis and necrosis, several other forms of cell death have been identified and are shown to contribute to AKI. Currently, these various forms of cell death can be fundamentally divided into accidental cell death and regulated or programmed cell death based on functional aspects. Several death initiator and effector molecules switch molecules that may act as signaling components triggering either death or protective mechanisms or alternate cell death pathways have been identified as part of the machinery. Intriguingly, several of these cell death pathways share components and signaling pathways suggesting complementary or compensatory functions. Thus, defining the cross talk between distinct cell death pathways and identifying the unique molecular effectors for each type of cell death may be required to develop novel strategies to prevent cell death. Furthermore, depending on the multiple forms of cell death simultaneously induced in different AKI settings, strategies for combination therapies that block multiple cell death pathways need to be developed to completely prevent injury, cell death, and renal function. This review highlights the various cell death pathways, cross talk, and interactions between different cell death modalities in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
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3
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Hao W, Jialong Z, Jiuzhi Y, Yang Y, Chongning L, Jincai L. ADP-ribosylation, a multifaceted modification: Functions and mechanisms in aging and aging-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102347. [PMID: 38815933 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Aging, a complex biological process, plays key roles the development of multiple disorders referred as aging-related diseases involving cardiovascular diseases, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, lipid metabolism-related diseases. ADP-ribosylation is a reversible modification onto proteins and nucleic acids to alter their structures and/or functions. Growing evidence support the importance of ADP-ribosylation and ADP-ribosylation-associated enzymes in aging and age-related diseases. In this review, we summarized ADP-ribosylation-associated proteins including ADP-ribosyl transferases, the ADP-ribosyl hydrolyses and ADP-ribose binding domains. Furthermore, we outlined the latest knowledge about regulation of ADP-ribosylation in the pathogenesis and progression of main aging-related diseases, organism aging and cellular senescence, and we also speculated the underlying mechanisms to better disclose this novel molecular network. Moreover, we discussed current issues and provided an outlook for future research, aiming to revealing the unknown bio-properties of ADP-ribosylation, and establishing a novel therapeutic perspective in aging-related diseases and health aging via targeting ADP-ribosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Hao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhao Jialong
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Jiuzhi
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lv Chongning
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Jincai
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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4
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Zampieri M, Karpach K, Salerno G, Raguzzini A, Barchetta I, Cimini FA, Dule S, De Matteis G, Zardo G, Borro M, Peluso I, Cavallo MG, Reale A. PAR level mediates the link between ROS and inflammatory response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103243. [PMID: 38906011 PMCID: PMC11253151 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by disrupted glucose homeostasis and metabolic abnormalities, with oxidative stress and inflammation playing pivotal roles in its pathophysiology. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a post-translational process involving the addition of ADP-ribose polymers (PAR) to target proteins. While preclinical studies have implicated PARylation in the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in T2DM, direct clinical evidence in humans remains limited. This study investigates the relationship between oxidative stress, PARylation, and inflammatory response in T2DM patients. METHODS This cross-sectional investigation involved 61 T2DM patients and 48 controls. PAR levels were determined in peripheral blood cells (PBMC) by ELISA-based methodologies. Oxidative stress was assessed in plasma and PBMC. In plasma, we monitored reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. In PBMC, we measured the expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD1, GPX1 and CAT by qPCR. Further, we evaluated the expression of inflammatory mediators such as IL6, TNF-α, CD68 and MCP1 by qPCR in PBMC. RESULTS T2DM patients exhibited elevated PAR levels in PBMC and increased d-ROMs in plasma. Positive associations were found between PAR levels and d-ROMs, suggesting a link between oxidative stress and altered PAR metabolism. Mediation analysis revealed that d-ROMs mediate the association between HbA1c levels and PAR, indicating oxidative stress as a potential driver of increased PARylation in T2DM. Furthermore, elevated PAR levels were found to be associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNF-α in the PBMC of T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that hyperactivation of PARylation is associated with poor glycemic control and the resultant oxidative stress in T2DM. The increase of PAR levels is correlated with the upregulation of key mediators of the inflammatory response. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zampieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Katsyarina Karpach
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Raguzzini
- CREA- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Barchetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Agata Cimini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sara Dule
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna De Matteis
- CREA-Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, 00015, Monterotondo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Zardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marina Borro
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Peluso
- CREA- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Gisella Cavallo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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5
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Slominski RM, Kim TK, Janjetovic Z, Brożyna AA, Podgorska E, Dixon KM, Mason RS, Tuckey RC, Sharma R, Crossman DK, Elmets C, Raman C, Jetten AM, Indra AK, Slominski AT. Malignant Melanoma: An Overview, New Perspectives, and Vitamin D Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2262. [PMID: 38927967 PMCID: PMC11201527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, originating through malignant transformation of melanin-producing melanocytes, is a formidable malignancy, characterized by local invasiveness, recurrence, early metastasis, resistance to therapy, and a high mortality rate. This review discusses etiologic and risk factors for melanoma, diagnostic and prognostic tools, including recent advances in molecular biology, omics, and bioinformatics, and provides an overview of its therapy. Since the incidence of melanoma is rising and mortality remains unacceptably high, we discuss its inherent properties, including melanogenesis, that make this disease resilient to treatment and propose to use AI to solve the above complex and multidimensional problems. We provide an overview on vitamin D and its anticancerogenic properties, and report recent advances in this field that can provide solutions for the prevention and/or therapy of melanoma. Experimental papers and clinicopathological studies on the role of vitamin D status and signaling pathways initiated by its active metabolites in melanoma prognosis and therapy are reviewed. We conclude that vitamin D signaling, defined by specific nuclear receptors and selective activation by specific vitamin D hydroxyderivatives, can provide a benefit for new or existing therapeutic approaches. We propose to target vitamin D signaling with the use of computational biology and AI tools to provide a solution to the melanoma problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir M. Slominski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Zorica Janjetovic
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Ewa Podgorska
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Katie M. Dixon
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (K.M.D.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Rebecca S. Mason
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (K.M.D.); (R.S.M.)
| | - Robert C. Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Craig Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
| | - Anton M. Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, NIEHS—National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Arup K. Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (T.-K.K.); (Z.J.); (E.P.); (C.E.); (C.R.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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6
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Nehme J, Mesilmany L, Varela-Eirin M, Brandenburg S, Altulea A, Lin Y, Gaya da Costa M, Seelen M, Hillebrands JL, van Goor H, Saab R, Akl H, Prevarskaya N, Farfariello V, Demaria M. Converting cell death into senescence by PARP1 inhibition improves recovery from acute oxidative injury. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:771-782. [PMID: 38724734 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to macromolecular damage and high levels of cell death with consequent pathological sequelae. We hypothesized that switching cell death to a tissue regenerative state could potentially improve the short-term and long-term detrimental effects of ROS-associated acute tissue injury, although the mechanisms regulating oxidative stress-induced cell fate decisions and their manipulation for improving repair are poorly understood. Here, we show that cells exposed to high oxidative stress enter a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1)-mediated regulated cell death, and that blocking PARP1 activation promotes conversion of cell death into senescence (CODIS). We demonstrate that this conversion depends on reducing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload as a consequence of retaining the hexokinase II on mitochondria. In a mouse model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion damage, PARP inhibition reduces necrosis and increases transient senescence at the injury site, alongside improved recovery from damage. Together, these data provide evidence that converting cell death into transient senescence can therapeutically benefit tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Nehme
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen (RUG), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lina Mesilmany
- Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marta Varela-Eirin
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen (RUG), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Brandenburg
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen (RUG), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Abdullah Altulea
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen (RUG), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yao Lin
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen (RUG), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariana Gaya da Costa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Seelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Pathology Division, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, Pathology Division, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Raya Saab
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Haidar Akl
- Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Natacha Prevarskaya
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Valerio Farfariello
- Université de Lille, Inserm, U1003-PHYCEL-Physiologie Cellulaire, Lille, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen (RUG), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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7
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De Silva WGM, Sequeira VB, Yang C, Dixon KM, Holland AJA, Mason RS, Rybchyn MS. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 Suppresses UV-Induced Poly(ADP-Ribose) Levels in Primary Human Keratinocytes, as Detected by a Novel Whole-Cell ELISA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5583. [PMID: 38891771 PMCID: PMC11171802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoprotective properties of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) to reduce UV-induced DNA damage have been established in several studies. UV-induced DNA damage in skin such as single or double strand breaks is known to initiate several cellular mechanisms including activation of poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). DNA damage from UV also increases extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, which further increases PARP activity. PARP-1 functions by using cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to synthesise pADPr moieties and attach these to target proteins involved in DNA repair. Excessive PARP-1 activation following cellular stress such as UV irradiation may result in excessive levels of cellular pADPr. This can also have deleterious effects on cellular energy levels due to depletion of NAD+ to suboptimal levels. Since our previous work indicated that 1,25(OH)2D3 reduced UV-induced DNA damage in part through increased repair via increased energy availability, the current study investigated the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on UV-induced PARP-1 activity using a novel whole-cell enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which quantified levels of the enzymatic product of PARP-1, pADPr. This whole cell assay used around 5000 cells per replicate measurement, which represents a 200-400-fold decrease in cell requirement compared to current commercial assays that measure in vitro pADPr levels. Using our assay, we observed that UV exposure significantly increased pADPr levels in human keratinocytes, while 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly reduced levels of UV-induced pADPr in primary human keratinocytes to a similar extent as a known PARP-1 inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide (3AB). Further, both 1,25(OH)2D3 and 3AB as well as a peptide inhibitor of ERK-phosphorylation significantly reduced DNA damage in UV-exposed keratinocytes. The current findings support the proposal that reduction in pADPr levels may be critical for the function of 1,25(OH)2D3 in skin to reduce UV-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Bernadette Sequeira
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katie Marie Dixon
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Andrew J. A. Holland
- Douglas Cohen Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rebecca Sara Mason
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mark Stephen Rybchyn
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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8
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Wu H, Lu A, Yuan J, Yu Y, Lv C, Lu J. Mono-ADP-ribosylation, a MARylationmultifaced modification of protein, DNA and RNA: characterizations, functions and mechanisms. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:226. [PMID: 38734665 PMCID: PMC11088682 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The functional alterations of proteins and nucleic acids mainly rely on their modifications. ADP-ribosylation is a NAD+-dependent modification of proteins and, in some cases, of nucleic acids. This modification is broadly categorized as Mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation (MARylation) or poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation). MARylation catalyzed by mono(ADP-ribosyl) transferases (MARTs) is more common in cells and the number of MARTs is much larger than poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferases. Unlike PARylation is well-characterized, research on MARylation is at the starting stage. However, growing evidence demonstrate the cellular functions of MARylation, supporting its potential roles in human health and diseases. In this review, we outlined MARylation-associated proteins including MARTs, the ADP-ribosyl hydrolyses and ADP-ribose binding domains. We summarized up-to-date findings about MARylation onto newly identified substrates including protein, DNA and RNA, and focused on the functions of these reactions in pathophysiological conditions as well as speculated the potential mechanisms. Furthermore, new strategies of MARylation detection and the current state of MARTs inhibitors were discussed. We also provided an outlook for future study, aiming to revealing the unknown biological properties of MARylation and its relevant mechanisms, and establish a novel therapeutic perspective in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Anqi Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiuzhi Yuan
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chongning Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincai Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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9
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Zhang J, Hu X, Geng Y, Xiang L, Wu Y, Li Y, Yang L, Zhou K. Exploring the role of parthanatos in CNS injury: Molecular insights and therapeutic approaches. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00174-7. [PMID: 38704090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central nervous system (CNS) injury causes severe organ damage due to both damage resulting from the injury and subsequent cell death. However, there are currently no effective treatments for countering the irreversible loss of cell function. Parthanatos is a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-dependent form of programmed cell death that is partly responsible for neural cell death. Consequently, the mechanism by which parthanatos promotes CNS injury has attracted significant scientific interest. AIM OF REVIEW Our review aims to summarize the potential role of parthanatos in CNS injury and its molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms. Understanding the role of parthanatos and related molecules in CNS injury is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies and identifying important directions for future in-depth research. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Parthanatos (from Thanatos, the personification of death according to Greek mythology) is a type of programmed cell death that is initiated by the overactivation of PARP-1. This process triggers a cascade of reactions, including the accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) after its release from mitochondria, and subsequent massive DNA fragmentation caused by migration inhibitory factor (MIF) forming a complex with AIF. Secondary molecular mechanisms, such as excitotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced overactivation of PARP-1, significantly exacerbate neuronal damage following initial mechanical injury to the CNS. Furthermore, parthanatos is not only associated with neuronal damage but also interacts with various other types of cell death. This review focuses on the latest research concerning the parthanatos cell death pathway, particularly considering its regulatory mechanisms and functions in CNS damage. We highlight the associations between parthanatos and different cell types involved in CNS damage and discuss potential therapeutic agents targeting the parthanatos pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yibo Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Linyi Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yuzhe Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Liangliang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Yang L, Du M, Liu K, Wang P, Zhu J, Li F, Wang Z, Huang K, Liang M. Pimpinellin ameliorates macrophage inflammation by promoting RNF146-mediated PARP1 ubiquitination. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1783-1798. [PMID: 38323338 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage inflammation plays a central role during the development and progression of sepsis, while the regulation of macrophages by parthanatos has been recently identified as a novel strategy for anti-inflammatory therapies. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of pimpinellin against LPS-induced sepsis. PARP1 and PAR activation were detected by western blot or immunohistochemistry. Cell death was assessed by flow cytometry and western blot. Cell metabolism was measured with a Seahorse XFe24 extracellular flux analyzer. C57, PARP1 knockout, and PARP1 conditional knock-in mice were used in a model of sepsis caused by LPS to assess the effect of pimpinellin. Here, we found that pimpinellin can specifically inhibit LPS-induced macrophage PARP1 and PAR activation. In vitro studies showed that pimpinellin could inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and signal pathway activation in macrophages by inhibiting overexpression of PARP1. In addition, pimpinellin increased the survival rate of LPS-treated mice, thereby preventing LPS-induced sepsis. Further research confirmed that LPS-induced sepsis in PARP1 overexpressing mice was attenuated by pimpinellin, and PARP1 knockdown abolished the protective effect of pimpinellin against LPS-induced sepsis. Further study found that pimpinellin can promote ubiquitin-mediated degradation of PARP1 through RNF146. This is the first study to demonstrate that pimpinellin inhibits excessive inflammatory responses by promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of PARP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuye Yang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Du
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengchao Wang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingbo Zhu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengcen Li
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of science and technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Hossain MI, Lee JH, Gagné JP, Khan J, Poirier GG, King PH, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Andrabi SA. Poly(ADP-ribose) mediates bioenergetic defects and redox imbalance in neurons following oxygen and glucose deprivation. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23556. [PMID: 38498348 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302559r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PARP-1 over-activation results in cell death via excessive PAR generation in different cell types, including neurons following brain ischemia. Glycolysis, mitochondrial function, and redox balance are key cellular processes altered in brain ischemia. Studies show that PAR generated after PARP-1 over-activation can bind hexokinase-1 (HK-1) and result in glycolytic defects and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction. HK-1 is the neuronal hexokinase and catalyzes the first reaction of glycolysis, converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a common substrate for glycolysis, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). PPP is critical in maintaining NADPH and GSH levels via G6P dehydrogenase activity. Therefore, defects in HK-1 will not only decrease cellular bioenergetics but will also cause redox imbalance due to the depletion of GSH. In brain ischemia, whether PAR-mediated inhibition of HK-1 results in bioenergetics defects and redox imbalance is not known. We used oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in mouse cortical neurons to mimic brain ischemia in neuronal cultures and observed that PARP-1 activation via PAR formation alters glycolysis, mitochondrial function, and redox homeostasis in neurons. We used pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 and adenoviral-mediated overexpression of wild-type HK-1 (wtHK-1) and PAR-binding mutant HK-1 (pbmHK-1). Our data show that PAR inhibition or overexpression of HK-1 significantly improves glycolysis, mitochondrial function, redox homeostasis, and cell survival in mouse cortical neurons exposed to OGD. These results suggest that PAR binding and inhibition of HK-1 during OGD drive bioenergetic defects in neurons due to inhibition of glycolysis and impairment of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iqbal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Gagné
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Oncology Division, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Junaid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Guy G Poirier
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Oncology Division, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shaida A Andrabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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12
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Mogol AN, Kaminsky AZ, Dutton DJ, Madak Erdogan Z. Targeting NAD+ Metabolism: Preclinical Insights into Potential Cancer Therapy Strategies. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae043. [PMID: 38565429 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
NAD+ is one of the most important metabolites for cellular activities, and its biosynthesis mainly occurs through the salvage pathway using the nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) enzyme. The main nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) consumers, poly-ADP-ribose-polymerases and sirtuins enzymes, are heavily involved in DNA repair and chromatin remodeling. Since cancer cells shift their energy production pathway, NAD levels are significantly affected. NAD's roles in cell survival led to the use of NAD depletion in cancer therapies. NAMPT inhibition (alone or in combination with other cancer therapies, including endocrine therapy and chemotherapy) results in decreased cell viability and tumor burden for many cancer types. Many NAMPT inhibitors (NAMPTi) tested before were discontinued due to toxicity; however, a novel NAMPTi, KPT-9274, is a promising, low-toxicity option currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayça N Mogol
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Alanna Z Kaminsky
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 6180161801, USA
| | - David J Dutton
- Molecular Cell Biology Department, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak Erdogan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 6180161801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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Yang L, Guttman L, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Parthanatos: Mechanisms, modulation, and therapeutic prospects in neurodegenerative disease and stroke. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116174. [PMID: 38552851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Parthanatos is a cell death signaling pathway that has emerged as a compelling target for pharmaceutical intervention. It plays a pivotal role in the neuron loss and neuroinflammation that occurs in Parkinson's Disease (PD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Huntington's Disease (HD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and stroke. There are currently no treatments available to humans to prevent cell death in any of these diseases. This review provides an in-depth examination of the current understanding of the Parthanatos mechanism, with a particular focus on its implications in neuroinflammation and various diseases discussed herein. Furthermore, we thoroughly review potential intervention targets within the Parthanatos pathway. We dissect recent progress in inhibitory strategies, complimented by a detailed structural analysis of key Parthanatos executioners, PARP-1, AIF, and MIF, along with an assessment of their established inhibitors. We hope to introduce a new perspective on the feasibility of targeting components within the Parthanatos pathway, emphasizing its potential to bring about transformative outcomes in therapeutic interventions. By delineating therapeutic opportunities and known targets, we seek to emphasize the imperative of blocking Parthanatos as a precursor to developing disease-modifying treatments. This comprehensive exploration aims to catalyze a paradigm shift in our understanding of potential neurodegenerative disease therapeutics, advocating for the pursuit of effective interventions centered around Parthanatos inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lauren Guttman
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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14
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Chen YL, Wang Y, Fang QY, Wang T, Chen C, Gao TY, Wu M, Zhang WP, Lu YB. PARP-1 inhibitor alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing PARylation of HK-1 and LDH in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176377. [PMID: 38346469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activity significantly increases during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. PARP-1 is an NAD+-consumption enzyme. PARP-1 hyperactivity causes intracellular NAD+ deficiency and bioenergetic collapse, contributing to neuronal death. Besides, the powerful trigger of PARP-1 causes the catalyzation of poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), a posttranslational modification of proteins. Here, we found that PARP-1 was activated in the ischemic brain tissue during middle-cerebral-artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) for 24 h, and PAR accumulated in the neurons in mice. Using immunoprecipitation, Western blotting, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 3D-modeling analysis, we revealed that the activation of PARP-1 caused PARylation of hexokinase-1 and lactate dehydrogenase-B, which, therefore, caused the inhibition of these enzyme activities and the resulting cell energy metabolism collapse. PARP-1 inhibition significantly reversed the activity of hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase, decreased infarct volume, and improved neuronal deficiency. PARP-1 inhibitor combined with pyruvate further alleviated MCAO/R-induced ischemic brain injury in mice. As such, we conclude that PARP-1 inhibitor alleviates neuronal death partly by inhibiting the PARylation of metabolic-related enzymes and reversing metabolism reprogramming during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. PARP-1 inhibitor combined with pyruvate might be a promising therapeutic approach against brain ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tong-Yao Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Yun-Bi Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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Xiang J, Qi XL, Cao K, Ran LY, Zeng XX, Xiao X, Liao W, He WW, Hong W, He Y, Guan ZZ. Exposure to fluoride exacerbates the cognitive deficit of diabetic patients living in areas with endemic fluorosis, as well as of rats with type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin via a mechanism that may involve excessive activation of the poly(ADP ribose) polymerase-1/P53 pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169512. [PMID: 38145685 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiology has shown that fluoride exposure is associated with the occurrence of diabetes. However, whether fluoride affects diabetic encephalopathy is unclear. Elderly diabetic patients in areas with endemic (n = 169) or no fluorosis (108) and controls (85) underwent Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Sprague-Dawley rats receiving streptozotocin and/or different fluoride doses were examined for spatial learning and memory, brain morphology, blood-brain barrier, fasting blood glucose and insulin. Cultured SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 50 mM glucose and/or low- or high-dose fluoride, and P53-knockdown or poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibition. The levels of PARP-1, P53, poly-ADP-ribose (PAR), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and phosphorylated-histone H2A.X (ser139) were measured by Western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 8-hydroxydeguanosine (8-OHdG), PARP-1 activity, acetyl-P53, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), activities of mitochondrial hexokinase1 (HK1) and citrate synthase (CS), mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were assessed biochemically. Cognition of diabetic patients in endemic fluorosis areas was poorer than in other regions. In diabetic rats, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance and blood-brain barrier permeability were elevated, while spatial learning and memory and Nissl body numbers in neurons declined. In these animals, expression and activity of P53 and PARP-1 and levels of NAD+, PAR, ROS, 8-OHdG, p-histone H2A.X (ser139), AIF and apoptosis content increased; whereas mitochondrial HK1 and CS activities and membrane potential decreased. SH-SY5Y cells exposed to glucose exhibited changes identical to diabetic rats. The changes in diabetic rats and cells treated with glucose were aggravated by fluoride. P53-knockout or PARP-1 inhibition mitigated the effects of glucose with/without low-dose fluoride. Elevation of diabetic encephalopathy was induced by exposure to fluoride and the underlying mechanism may involve overactivation of the PARP-1/P53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education and Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Long-Yan Ran
- Department of Medical Science and Technology at the Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zeng
- Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Wen-Wen He
- Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Wei Hong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education and Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education and Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Guan
- Department of Pathology at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Guizhou Medical University) of the Ministry of Education and Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang 550004, PR China.
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16
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Baker ZN, Forny P, Pagliarini DJ. Mitochondrial proteome research: the road ahead. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:65-82. [PMID: 37773518 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifaceted organelles with key roles in anabolic and catabolic metabolism, bioenergetics, cellular signalling and nutrient sensing, and programmed cell death processes. Their diverse functions are enabled by a sophisticated set of protein components encoded by the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. The extent and complexity of the mitochondrial proteome remained unclear for decades. This began to change 20 years ago when, driven by the emergence of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, the first draft mitochondrial proteomes were established. In the ensuing decades, further technological and computational advances helped to refine these 'maps', with current estimates of the core mammalian mitochondrial proteome ranging from 1,000 to 1,500 proteins. The creation of these compendia provided a systemic view of an organelle previously studied primarily in a reductionist fashion and has accelerated both basic scientific discovery and the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. Yet numerous challenges remain in understanding mitochondrial biology and translating this knowledge into the medical context. In this Roadmap, we propose a path forward for refining the mitochondrial protein map to enhance its discovery and therapeutic potential. We discuss how emerging technologies can assist the detection of new mitochondrial proteins, reveal their patterns of expression across diverse tissues and cell types, and provide key information on proteoforms. We highlight the power of an enhanced map for systematically defining the functions of its members. Finally, we examine the utility of an expanded, functionally annotated mitochondrial proteome in a translational setting for aiding both diagnosis of mitochondrial disease and targeting of mitochondria for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakery N Baker
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick Forny
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Dehghan S, Kheshtchin N, Hassannezhad S, Soleimani M. Cell death classification: A new insight based on molecular mechanisms. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113860. [PMID: 38013091 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cells tend to disintegrate themselves or are forced to undergo such destructive processes in critical circumstances. This complex cellular function necessitates various mechanisms and molecular pathways in order to be executed. The very nature of cell death is essentially important and vital for maintaining homeostasis, thus any type of disturbing occurrence might lead to different sorts of diseases and dysfunctions. Cell death has various modalities and yet, every now and then, a new type of this elegant procedure gets to be discovered. The diversity of cell death compels the need for a universal organizing system in order to facilitate further studies, therapeutic strategies and the invention of new methods of research. Considering all that, we attempted to review most of the known cell death mechanisms and sort them all into one arranging system that operates under a simple but subtle decision-making (If \ Else) order as a sorting algorithm, in which it decides to place and sort an input data (a type of cell death) into its proper set, then a subset and finally a group of cell death. By proposing this algorithm, the authors hope it may solve the problems regarding newer and/or undiscovered types of cell death and facilitate research and therapeutic applications of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Dehghan
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Kheshtchin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Soleimani
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Krug S, Gupta M, Kumar P, Feller L, Ihms EA, Kang BG, Srikrishna G, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Bishai WR. Inhibition of host PARP1 contributes to the anti-inflammatory and antitubercular activity of pyrazinamide. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8161. [PMID: 38071218 PMCID: PMC10710439 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic pyrazinamide (PZA) is a cornerstone of tuberculosis (TB) therapy that shortens treatment durations by several months despite being only weakly bactericidal. Intriguingly, PZA is also an anti-inflammatory molecule shown to specifically reduce inflammatory cytokine signaling and lesion activity in TB patients. However, the target and clinical importance of PZA's host-directed activity during TB therapy remain unclear. Here, we identify the host enzyme Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP1), a pro-inflammatory master regulator strongly activated in TB, as a functionally relevant host target of PZA. We show that PZA inhibits PARP1 enzymatic activity in macrophages and in mice where it reverses TB-induced PARP1 activity in lungs to uninfected levels. Utilizing a PZA-resistant mutant, we demonstrate that PZA's immune-modulatory effects are PARP1-dependent but independent of its bactericidal activity. Importantly, PZA's bactericidal efficacy is impaired in PARP1-deficient mice, suggesting that immune modulation may be an integral component of PZA's antitubercular activity. In addition, adjunctive PARP1 inhibition dramatically reduces inflammation and lesion size in mice and may be a means to reduce lung damage and shorten TB treatment duration. Together, these findings provide insight into PZA's mechanism of action and the therapeutic potential of PARP1 inhibition in the treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Krug
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manish Gupta
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laine Feller
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Ihms
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bong Gu Kang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geetha Srikrishna
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William R Bishai
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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19
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Sakakura S, Inagaki E, Sayano T, Yamazaki R, Fusaki N, Hatou S, Hirayama M, Tsubota K, Negishi K, Okano H, Shimmura S. Non-apoptotic regulated cell death in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Regen Ther 2023; 24:592-601. [PMID: 38034859 PMCID: PMC10681880 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the leading cause of corneal blindness in developed countries. Corneal endothelial cells in FECD are susceptive to oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Oxidative stress causes many forms of cell death including parthanatos, which is characterized by translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) to the nucleus with upregulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR). Although cell death is an important aspect of FECD, previous reports have often analyzed immortalized cell lines, making the evaluation of cell death difficult. Therefore, we established a new in vitro FECD model to evaluate the pathophysiology of FECD. Methods Corneal endothelial cells were derived from disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used as a source for oxidative stress to mimic the pathophysiology of FECD. We investigated the responses to oxidative stress and the involvement of parthanatos in FECD-corneal endothelial cells. Results Cell death ratio and oxidative stress level were upregulated in FECD with H2O2 treatment compared with non-FECD control, indicating the vulnerability of oxidative stress in FECD. We also found that intracellular PAR, as well as PARP-1 and AIF in the nucleus were upregulated in FECD. Furthermore, PARP inhibition, but not pan-caspase inhibition, rescued cell death, DNA double-strand breaks, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and energy depletion, suggesting that cell death was mainly due to parthanatos. Conclusions We report that parthanatos may be involved in the pathophysiology of FECD and targeting this cell death pathway may be a potential therapeutic approach for FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Sakakura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Emi Inagaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sayano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Cellusion Inc. 8-6 Nihonbashi-Kobunacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0024, Japan
| | - Risa Yamazaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noemi Fusaki
- University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shin Hatou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Cellusion Inc. 8-6 Nihonbashi-Kobunacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0024, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hirayama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuno Negishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeto Shimmura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Medical Innovation Center, Fujita Health University, Haneda Innovation City Zone A, 1-1-4, Hanedakuko, Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0041, Japan
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20
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Xu X, Sun B, Zhao C. Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 and parthanatos in neurological diseases: From pathogenesis to therapeutic opportunities. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106314. [PMID: 37783233 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is the most extensively studied member of the PARP superfamily, with its primary function being the facilitation of DNA damage repair processes. Parthanatos is a type of regulated cell death cascade initiated by PARP-1 hyperactivation, which involves multiple subroutines, including the accumulation of ADP-ribose polymers (PAR), binding of PAR and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), release of AIF from the mitochondria, the translocation of the AIF/macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) complex, and massive MIF-mediated DNA fragmentation. Over the past few decades, the role of PARP-1 in central nervous system health and disease has received increasing attention. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of PARP-1 in neural cell proliferation and differentiation, memory formation, brain ageing, and epigenetic regulation. We then elaborate on the involvement of PARP-1 and PARP-1-dependant parthanatos in various neuropathological processes, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, autophagy damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additional highlight contains PARP-1's implications in the initiation, progression, and therapeutic opportunities for different neurological illnesses, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, and neuropathic pain (NP). Finally, emerging insights into the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the management of neurological diseases are provided. This review aims to summarize the exciting advancements in the critical role of PARP-1 in neurological disorders, which may open new avenues for therapeutic options targeting PARP-1 or parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
| | - Bowen Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuansheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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21
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Vámos E, Kálmán N, Sturm EM, Nayak BB, Teppan J, Vántus VB, Kovács D, Makszin L, Loránd T, Gallyas F, Radnai B. Highly Selective MIF Ketonase Inhibitor KRP-6 Diminishes M1 Macrophage Polarization and Metabolic Reprogramming. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1790. [PMID: 37891870 PMCID: PMC10604361 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is highly involved in autoimmunity. M1 polarized macrophages drive inflammation and undergo metabolic reprogramming, involving downregulation of mitochondrial energy production and acceleration of glycolysis. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an enigmatic tautomerase (ketonase and enolase), was discovered to regulate M1 polarization. Here, we reveal that KRP-6, a potent and highly selective MIF ketonase inhibitor, reduces MIF-induced human blood eosinophil and neutrophil migration similarly to ISO-1, the most investigated tautomerase inhibitor. We equally discovered that KRP-6 prevents M1 macrophage polarization and reduces ROS production in IFN-γ-treated cells. During metabolic reprogramming, KRP-6 improved mitochondrial bioenergetics by ameliorating basal respiration, ATP production, coupling efficiency and maximal respiration in LPS+IFN-γ-treated cells. KRP-6 also reduced glycolytic flux in M1 macrophages. Moreover, the selective MIF ketonase inhibitor attenuated LPS+IFN-γ-induced downregulation of PARP-1 and PARP-2 mRNA expression. We conclude that KRP-6 represents a promising novel therapeutic compound for autoimmune diseases, which strongly involves M1 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Vámos
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Nikoletta Kálmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Eva Maria Sturm
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.S.); (B.B.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Barsha Baisakhi Nayak
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.S.); (B.B.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Julia Teppan
- Otto-Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.M.S.); (B.B.N.); (J.T.)
| | - Viola Bagóné Vántus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Dominika Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Lilla Makszin
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Loránd
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
| | - Balázs Radnai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str., 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.V.); (N.K.); (V.B.V.); (D.K.); (T.L.)
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22
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Jain A, Casanova D, Padilla AV, Paniagua Bojorges A, Kotla S, Ko KA, Samanthapudi VSK, Chau K, Nguyen MTH, Wen J, Hernandez Gonzalez SL, Rodgers SP, Olmsted-Davis EA, Hamilton DJ, Reyes-Gibby C, Yeung SCJ, Cooke JP, Herrmann J, Chini EN, Xu X, Yusuf SW, Yoshimoto M, Lorenzi PL, Hobbs B, Krishnan S, Koutroumpakis E, Palaskas NL, Wang G, Deswal A, Lin SH, Abe JI, Le NT. Premature senescence and cardiovascular disease following cancer treatments: mechanistic insights. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1212174. [PMID: 37781317 PMCID: PMC10540075 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among the aging population. The "response-to-injury" model proposed by Dr. Russell Ross in 1999 emphasizes inflammation as a critical factor in atherosclerosis development, with atherosclerotic plaques forming due to endothelial cell (EC) injury, followed by myeloid cell adhesion and invasion into the blood vessel walls. Recent evidence indicates that cancer and its treatments can lead to long-term complications, including CVD. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is implicated in CVD pathogenesis, particularly in cancer survivors. However, the precise mechanisms linking premature senescence to CVD in cancer survivors remain poorly understood. This article aims to provide mechanistic insights into this association and propose future directions to better comprehend this complex interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashita Jain
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Diego Casanova
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Khanh Chau
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jake Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Shaefali P. Rodgers
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Dale J. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cielito Reyes-Gibby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sai-Ching J. Yeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Cardio Oncology Clinic, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Eduardo N. Chini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Syed Wamique Yusuf
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Division of VP Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brain Hobbs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Efstratios Koutroumpakis
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L. Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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23
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Beneyton A, Nonfoux L, Gagné JP, Rodrigue A, Kothari C, Atalay N, Hendzel M, Poirier G, Masson JY. The dynamic process of covalent and non-covalent PARylation in the maintenance of genome integrity: a focus on PARP inhibitors. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad043. [PMID: 37609662 PMCID: PMC10440794 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) is a highly regulated process that consists of the covalent addition of polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) through post-translational modifications of substrate proteins or non-covalent interactions with PAR via PAR binding domains and motifs, thereby reprogramming their functions. This modification is particularly known for its central role in the maintenance of genomic stability. However, how genomic integrity is controlled by an intricate interplay of covalent PARylation and non-covalent PAR binding remains largely unknown. Of importance, PARylation has caught recent attention for providing a mechanistic basis of synthetic lethality involving PARP inhibitors (PARPi), most notably in homologous recombination (HR)-deficient breast and ovarian tumors. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-cancer effect of PARPi are thought to implicate both catalytic inhibition and trapping of PARP enzymes on DNA. However, the relative contribution of each on tumor-specific cytotoxicity is still unclear. It is paramount to understand these PAR-dependent mechanisms, given that resistance to PARPi is a challenge in the clinic. Deciphering the complex interplay between covalent PARylation and non-covalent PAR binding and defining how PARP trapping and non-trapping events contribute to PARPi anti-tumour activity is essential for developing improved therapeutic strategies. With this perspective, we review the current understanding of PARylation biology in the context of the DNA damage response (DDR) and the mechanisms underlying PARPi activity and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Beneyton
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Louis Nonfoux
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gagné
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Amélie Rodrigue
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Charu Kothari
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Nurgul Atalay
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Hendzel
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AlbertaT6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Guy G Poirier
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
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24
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Wilson N, Kataura T, Korsgen ME, Sun C, Sarkar S, Korolchuk VI. The autophagy-NAD axis in longevity and disease. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:788-802. [PMID: 36878731 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway that recycles subcellular components to maintain metabolic homeostasis. NAD is an essential metabolite that participates in energy metabolism and serves as a substrate for a series of NAD+-consuming enzymes (NADases), including PARPs and SIRTs. Declining levels of autophagic activity and NAD represent features of cellular ageing, and consequently enhancing either significantly extends health/lifespan in animals and normalises metabolic activity in cells. Mechanistically, it has been shown that NADases can directly regulate autophagy and mitochondrial quality control. Conversely, autophagy has been shown to preserve NAD levels by modulating cellular stress. In this review we highlight the mechanisms underlying this bidirectional relationship between NAD and autophagy, and the potential therapeutic targets it provides for combatting age-related disease and promoting longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Wilson
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Tetsushi Kataura
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Miriam E Korsgen
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Congxin Sun
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Viktor I Korolchuk
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
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25
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Garcia Castro DR, Mazuk JR, Heine EM, Simpson D, Pinches RS, Lozzi C, Hoffman K, Morrin P, Mathis D, Lebedev MV, Nissley E, Han KH, Farmer T, Merry DE, Tong Q, Pennuto M, Montie HL. Increased SIRT3 combined with PARP inhibition rescues motor function of SBMA mice. iScience 2023; 26:107375. [PMID: 37599829 PMCID: PMC10433013 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neuromuscular disease with substantial mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunctions. SBMA is caused by polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the androgen receptor (AR). Activating or increasing the NAD+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT3, reduced oxidative stress and death of cells modeling SBMA. However, increasing diminished SIRT3 in AR100Q mice failed to reduce acetylation of the SIRT3 target/antioxidant, SOD2, and had no effect on increased total acetylated peptides in quadriceps. Yet, overexpressing SIRT3 resulted in a trend of motor recovery, and corrected TCA cycle activity by decreasing acetylation of SIRT3 target proteins. We sought to boost blunted SIRT3 activity by replenishing diminished NAD+ with PARP inhibition. Although NAD+ was not affected, overexpressing SIRT3 with PARP inhibition fully restored hexokinase activity, correcting the glycolytic pathway in AR100Q quadriceps, and rescued motor endurance of SBMA mice. These data demonstrate that targeting metabolic anomalies can restore motor function downstream of polyQ-expanded AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Garcia Castro
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Joseph R. Mazuk
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Erin M. Heine
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Daniel Simpson
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - R. Seth Pinches
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Caroline Lozzi
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Kathryn Hoffman
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Phillip Morrin
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Dylan Mathis
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Maria V. Lebedev
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Elyse Nissley
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Kang Hoo Han
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Tyler Farmer
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Diane E. Merry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Qiang Tong
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Pennuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Heather L. Montie
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
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26
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Weiß J, Heib M, Korn T, Hoyer J, Fuchslocher Chico J, Voigt S, Koudelka T, Tholey A, Adam D. Protease-independent control of parthanatos by HtrA2/Omi. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:258. [PMID: 37594630 PMCID: PMC10439076 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
HtrA2/Omi is a mitochondrial serine protease with ascribed pro-apoptotic as well as pro-necroptotic functions. Here, we establish that HtrA2/Omi also controls parthanatos, a third modality of regulated cell death. Deletion of HtrA2/Omi protects cells from parthanatos while reconstitution with the protease restores the parthanatic death response. The effects of HtrA2/Omi on parthanatos are specific and cannot be recapitulated by manipulating other mitochondrial proteases such as PARL, LONP1 or PMPCA. HtrA2/Omi controls parthanatos in a manner mechanistically distinct from its action in apoptosis or necroptosis, i.e., not by cleaving cytosolic IAP proteins but rather exerting its effects without exiting mitochondria, and downstream of PARP-1, the first component of the parthanatic signaling cascade. Also, previously identified or candidate substrates of HtrA2/Omi such as PDXDC1, VPS4B or moesin are not cleaved and dispensable for parthanatos, whereas DBC-1 and stathmin are cleaved, and thus represent potential parthanatic downstream mediators of HtrA2/Omi. Moreover, mass-spectrometric screening for novel parthanatic substrates of HtrA2/Omi revealed that the induction of parthanatos does not cause a substantial proteolytic cleavage or major alterations in the abundance of mitochondrial proteins. Resolving these findings, reconstitution of HtrA2/Omi-deficient cells with a catalytically inactive HtrA2/Omi mutant restored their sensitivity against parthanatos to the same level as the protease-active HtrA2/Omi protein. Additionally, an inhibitor of HtrA2/Omi's protease activity did not confer protection against parthanatic cell death. Our results demonstrate that HtrA2/Omi controls parthanatos in a protease-independent manner, likely via novel, unanticipated functions as a scaffolding protein and an interaction with so far unknown mitochondrial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Weiß
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michelle Heib
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thiemo Korn
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Justus Hoyer
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johaiber Fuchslocher Chico
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susann Voigt
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tomas Koudelka
- Institut für Experimentelle Medizin, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Institut für Experimentelle Medizin, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Michaelisstr. 5, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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27
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Musso G, Saba F, Cassader M, Gambino R. Lipidomics in pathogenesis, progression and treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): Recent advances. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101238. [PMID: 37244504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease affecting up to 30% of the general adult population. NAFLD encompasses a histological spectrum ranging from pure steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and is becoming the most common indication for liver transplantation, as a result of increasing disease prevalence and of the absence of approved treatments. Lipidomic readouts of liver blood and urine samples from experimental models and from NASH patients disclosed an abnormal lipid composition and metabolism. Collectively, these changes impair organelle function and promote cell damage, necro-inflammation and fibrosis, a condition termed lipotoxicity. We will discuss the lipid species and metabolic pathways leading to NASH development and progression to cirrhosis, as well as and those species that can contribute to inflammation resolution and fibrosis regression. We will also focus on emerging lipid-based therapeutic opportunities, including specialized proresolving lipid molecules and macrovesicles contributing to cell-to-cell communication and NASH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Musso
- Dept of Emergency Medicine, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesca Saba
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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28
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Jang S, Raja SJ, Roginskaya V, Schaich MA, Watkins S, Van Houten B. UV-DDB stimulates the activity of SMUG1 during base excision repair of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine moieties. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:4881-4898. [PMID: 36971122 PMCID: PMC10250209 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
UV-damaged DNA-binding protein (UV-DDB) is a heterodimeric protein, consisting of DDB1 and DDB2 subunits, that works to recognize DNA lesions induced by UV damage during global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Our laboratory previously discovered a non-canonical role for UV-DDB in the processing of 8-oxoG, by stimulating 8-oxoG glycosylase, OGG1, activity 3-fold, MUTYH activity 4-5-fold, and APE1 (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1) activity 8-fold. 5-hydroxymethyl-deoxyuridine (5-hmdU) is an important oxidation product of thymidine which is removed by single-strand selective monofunctional DNA glycosylase (SMUG1). Biochemical experiments with purified proteins indicated that UV-DDB stimulates the excision activity of SMUG1 on several substrates by 4-5-fold. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that UV-DDB displaced SMUG1 from abasic site products. Single-molecule analysis revealed that UV-DDB decreases the half-life of SMUG1 on DNA by ∼8-fold. Immunofluorescence experiments demonstrated that cellular treatment with 5-hmdU (5 μM for 15 min), which is incorporated into DNA during replication, produces discrete foci of DDB2-mCherry, which co-localize with SMUG1-GFP. Proximity ligation assays supported a transient interaction between SMUG1 and DDB2 in cells. Poly(ADP)-ribose accumulated after 5-hmdU treatment, which was abrogated with SMUG1 and DDB2 knockdown. These data support a novel role for UV-DDB in the processing of the oxidized base, 5-hmdU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunbok Jang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sripriya J Raja
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Vera Roginskaya
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew A Schaich
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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29
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Musa M, Zeppieri M, Atuanya GN, Enaholo ES, Topah EK, Ojo OM, Salati C. Nutritional Factors: Benefits in Glaucoma and Ophthalmologic Pathologies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051120. [PMID: 37240765 DOI: 10.3390/life13051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy that can lead to irreversible functional and morphological damage if left untreated. The gold standard therapeutic approaches in managing patients with glaucoma and limiting progression include local drops, laser, and/or surgery, which are all geared at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Nutrients, antioxidants, vitamins, organic compounds, and micronutrients have been gaining increasing interest in the past decade as integrative IOP-independent strategies to delay or halt glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell degeneration. In our minireview, we examine the various nutrients and compounds proposed in the current literature for the management of ophthalmology diseases, especially for glaucoma. With respect to each substance considered, this minireview reports the molecular and biological characteristics, neuroprotective activities, antioxidant properties, beneficial mechanisms, and clinical studies published in the past decade in the field of general medicine. This study highlights the potential benefits of these substances in glaucoma and other ophthalmologic pathologies. Nutritional supplementation can thus be useful as integrative IOP-independent strategies in the management of glaucoma and in other ophthalmologic pathologies. Large multicenter clinical trials based on functional and morphologic data collected over long follow-up periods in patients with IOP-independent treatments can pave the way for alternative and/or coadjutant therapeutic options in the management of glaucoma and other ocular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Efioshiomoshi Kings Topah
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University, Kano 700006, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasola Michael Ojo
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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30
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Wang ZX, Li YL, Pu JL, Zhang BR. DNA Damage-Mediated Neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076313. [PMID: 37047285 PMCID: PMC10093980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease around the world; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear so far. Recent advances have shown that DNA damage and repair deficiency play an important role in the pathophysiology of PD. There is growing evidence suggesting that DNA damage is involved in the propagation of cellular damage in PD, leading to neuropathology under different conditions. Here, we reviewed the current work on DNA damage repair in PD. First, we outlined the evidence and causes of DNA damage in PD. Second, we described the potential pathways by which DNA damage mediates neurotoxicity in PD and discussed the precise mechanisms that drive these processes by DNA damage. In addition, we looked ahead to the potential interventions targeting DNA damage and repair. Finally, based on the current status of research, key problems that need to be addressed in future research were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia-Li Pu
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Correspondence: (J.-L.P.); (B.-R.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-87784752 (J.-L.P. & B.-R.Z.)
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31
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Leak L, Dixon SJ. Surveying the landscape of emerging and understudied cell death mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119432. [PMID: 36690038 PMCID: PMC9969746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell death can be a highly regulated process. A large and growing number of mammalian cell death mechanisms have been described over the past few decades. Major pathways with established roles in normal or disease biology include apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. However, additional non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms with unique morphological, genetic, and biochemical features have also been described. These mechanisms may play highly specialized physiological roles or only become activated in response to specific lethal stimuli or conditions. Understanding the nature of these emerging and understudied mechanisms may provide new insight into cell death biology and suggest new treatments for diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Leak
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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32
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He L, Liang J, Chen C, Chen J, Shen Y, Sun S, Li L. C9orf72 functions in the nucleus to regulate DNA damage repair. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:716-730. [PMID: 36220889 PMCID: PMC9984389 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat expansion in the intronic region of C9orf72 is the most common cause of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The repeat expansion-generated toxic RNAs and dipeptide repeats (DPRs) including poly-GR, have been extensively studied in neurodegeneration. Moreover, haploinsufficiency has been implicated as a disease mechanism but how C9orf72 deficiency contributes to neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here, we show that C9orf72 deficiency exacerbates poly-GR-induced neurodegeneration by attenuating non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. We demonstrate that C9orf72 localizes to the nucleus and is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA damage. C9orf72 deficiency resulted in impaired NHEJ repair through attenuated DNA-PK complex assembly and DNA damage response (DDR) signaling. In mouse models, we found that C9orf72 deficiency exacerbated poly-GR-induced neuronal loss, glial activation, and neuromuscular deficits. Furthermore, DNA damage accumulated in C9orf72-deficient neurons that expressed poly-GR, resulting in excessive activation of PARP-1. PARP-1 inhibition rescued neuronal death in cultured neurons treated with poly-GR peptides. Together, our results support a pathological mechanism where C9orf72 haploinsufficiency synergizes with poly-GR-induced DNA double-strand breaks to exacerbate the accumulation of DNA damage and PARP-1 overactivation in C9orf72 ALS/FTD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying He
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Chen
- Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Shen
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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33
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Burdett NL, Willis MO, Alsop K, Hunt AL, Pandey A, Hamilton PT, Abulez T, Liu X, Hoang T, Craig S, Fereday S, Hendley J, Garsed DW, Milne K, Kalaria S, Marshall A, Hood BL, Wilson KN, Conrads KA, Pishas KI, Ananda S, Scott CL, Antill Y, McNally O, Mileshkin L, Hamilton A, Au-Yeung G, Devereux L, Thorne H, Bild A, Bateman NW, Maxwell GL, Chang JT, Conrads TP, Nelson BH, Bowtell DDL, Christie EL. Multiomic analysis of homologous recombination-deficient end-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Nat Genet 2023; 55:437-450. [PMID: 36849657 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is frequently characterized by homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair deficiency and, while most such tumors are sensitive to initial treatment, acquired resistance is common. We undertook a multiomics approach to interrogate molecular diversity in end-stage disease, using multiple autopsy samples collected from 15 women with HR-deficient HGSC. Patients had polyclonal disease, and several resistance mechanisms were identified within most patients, including reversion mutations and HR restoration by other means. We also observed frequent whole-genome duplication and global changes in immune composition with evidence of immune escape. This analysis highlights diverse evolutionary changes within HGSC that evade therapy and ultimately overwhelm individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L Burdett
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kathryn Alsop
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison L Hunt
- Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Inova Women's Service Line, Inova Health System, Annandale, Victoria, USA
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ahwan Pandey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Tamara Abulez
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Therese Hoang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart Craig
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sian Fereday
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joy Hendley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dale W Garsed
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katy Milne
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shreena Kalaria
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ashley Marshall
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian L Hood
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katlin N Wilson
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelly A Conrads
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen I Pishas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sumitra Ananda
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
- Epworth Healthcare, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clare L Scott
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yoland Antill
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peninsula health, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Orla McNally
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Linda Mileshkin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne Hamilton
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Au-Yeung
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa Devereux
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heather Thorne
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Bild
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas W Bateman
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
- The John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - G Larry Maxwell
- Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Inova Women's Service Line, Inova Health System, Annandale, Victoria, USA
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas P Conrads
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
- The John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brad H Nelson
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David D L Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L Christie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Fahrer J, Christmann M. DNA Alkylation Damage by Nitrosamines and Relevant DNA Repair Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054684. [PMID: 36902118 PMCID: PMC10003415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrosamines occur widespread in food, drinking water, cosmetics, as well as tobacco smoke and can arise endogenously. More recently, nitrosamines have been detected as impurities in various drugs. This is of particular concern as nitrosamines are alkylating agents that are genotoxic and carcinogenic. We first summarize the current knowledge on the different sources and chemical nature of alkylating agents with a focus on relevant nitrosamines. Subsequently, we present the major DNA alkylation adducts induced by nitrosamines upon their metabolic activation by CYP450 monooxygenases. We then describe the DNA repair pathways engaged by the various DNA alkylation adducts, which include base excision repair, direct damage reversal by MGMT and ALKBH, as well as nucleotide excision repair. Their roles in the protection against the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of nitrosamines are highlighted. Finally, we address DNA translesion synthesis as a DNA damage tolerance mechanism relevant to DNA alkylation adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Fahrer
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger Strasse 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (M.C.); Tel.: +496312052974 (J.F.); Tel: +496131179066 (M.C.)
| | - Markus Christmann
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (M.C.); Tel.: +496312052974 (J.F.); Tel: +496131179066 (M.C.)
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Wu H, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang H, Xiu W, Xu P, Deng Y, Huang W, Wang DO. Crocetin antagonizes parthanatos in ischemic stroke via inhibiting NOX2 and preserving mitochondrial hexokinase-I. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:50. [PMID: 36681688 PMCID: PMC9867762 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Parthanatos is one of the major pathways of programmed cell death in ischemic stroke characterized by DNA damage, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) activation, and poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) formation. Here we demonstrate that crocetin, a natural potent antioxidant compound from Crocus sativus, antagonizes parthanatos in ischemic stroke. We reveal that mechanistically, crocetin inhibits NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and PAR production at the early stage of parthanatos. Meanwhile we demonstrate that PARylated hexokinase-I (HK-I) is a novel substrate of E3 ligase RNF146 and that crocetin interacts with HK-I to suppress RNF146-mediated HK-I degradation at the later stage of parthanatos, preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage that ultimately trigger the irreversible cell death. Our study supports further development of crocetin as a potential drug candidate for preventing and/or treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ying Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hanxun Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wenyu Xiu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Pu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510530, China
| | - Wanxu Huang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, China.
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China.
| | - Dan Ohtan Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 2-2-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan.
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Hon-Machi, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Ji Y, Zhao M, Qiao X, Peng GH. Decitabine improves MMS-induced retinal photoreceptor cell damage by targeting DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1057365. [PMID: 36704326 PMCID: PMC9872157 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1057365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of neurodegenerative retinopathies causing blindness due to progressive and irreversible photoreceptor cell death. The alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) can induce selective photoreceptor cell death, which is used to establish RP animal models. MMS induces DNA base damage by adding alkyl groups to DNA, and epigenetic modifications influence DNA damage response. Here, we aimed to explore the relationship between DNA methylation and DNA damage response in dying photoreceptors of RP. Methods The mouse RP model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of MMS. The retinal structure and function were assessed by H&E, OCT, TUNEL, and ERG at several time points. The expression of DNA methylation regulators was assessed by qPCR and Western blot. DNMT inhibitor 5-aza-dC was applied to inhibit the activity of DNA methyltransferases and improve the retinal photoreceptor damage. Results The outer nuclear layer (ONL) and IS/OS layer were significantly thinner and the retinal function was impaired after MMS treatment. The cell death was mainly located in the ONL. The retinal damage induced by MMS was accompanied by hyperexpression of DNMT3A/3B. The application of DNMT inhibitor 5-aza-dC could suppress the expression level of DNMT3A/3B, resulting in the remission of MMS-induced photoreceptor cell damage. The ONL and IS/OS layers were thicker than that of the control group, and the retinal function was partially restored. This protective effect of 5-aza-dC was associated with the down-regulated expression of DNMT3A/3B. Conclusion These findings identified a functional role of DNMT3A/3B in MMS-induced photoreceptor cell damage and provided novel evidence to support DNMTs as potential therapeutic targets in retinal degenerative diseases.Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Ji
- Laboratory of Visual Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Laboratory of Visual Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hua Peng
- Laboratory of Visual Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Guang-Hua Peng, ✉
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37
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Krishnan Muthaiah VP, Kaliyappan K, Mahajan SD. Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 inhibition by 3-aminobenzamide recuperates HEI-OC1 auditory hair cells from blast overpressure-induced cell death. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1047308. [PMID: 36949771 PMCID: PMC10025353 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1047308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 (PARP1), a DNA repair enzyme is implicated as a key molecule in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Traumatic insults inducing oxidative stress results in its over-activation causing inflammation and cell death (Parthanatos). As PARP1 inhibition is known to reduce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that PARP1 inhibition by a known inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) might recuperate the damage in an in vitro model of blast injury using HEI-OC1 cells (mouse auditory hair cells). Methods: Here, we evaluated the protective effect of 3AB on HEI-OC1 cells following single and repetitive blast overpressures (BOPs). Results: We found that inhibition of PARP1 b 3AB inhibits the PARP1 enzyme and its action of a post-translational modification i.e. formation of Poly ADP-Ribose Polymers which leads to massive ATP depletion. PARP inhibition (3AB treatment) reduced the oxidative stress (4HNE, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and 8OHdG, a marker of oxidative DNA damage) in cells exposed to single/repetitive BOPS through up-regulation of Nrf2, a transcriptional regulator of antioxidant defense and the GCLC, a rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione. Discussion: Overall, we found that PARP inhibition by 3AB helps to maintain the viability of BOP-exposed auditory hair cells by recuperating the ATP pool from both mitochondrial and glycolytic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Vijaya Prakash Krishnan Muthaiah,
| | - Kathiravan Kaliyappan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Supriya D. Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Clinical Translational Research Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Lamade AM, Chen Y, Johnson CJ, Bayır H, Clark RSB. Detecting and Quantifying pADPr In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2609:23-42. [PMID: 36515827 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2891-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) participate in diverse biological processes contributing to cellular homeostasis or exacerbating injury. PARP catalyzes the addition of ADP-ribose molecules (pADPr) to the target proteins, a process termed poly-ADP-ribosylation. Overactivation of PARP - reflected by increased poly-ADP-ribosylation and accumulation of pADPr-modified proteins or free pADPr - contributes to depletion of NAD+ and mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially leading to cell death. Thus, PARP overactivation and increases in free pADPr have been identified as key contributors to the pathobiology of many diseases. In stark contrast, PARP inhibitors are in clinical use in cancer patients where they potentiate cell death induced by chemotherapeutic agents. Accordingly, monitoring PARP-1 activation - responsible for up to 80-90% of cellular pADPr synthesis - by detecting and quantifying pADPr may provide valuable mechanistic insights as well as facilitating therapeutic drug monitoring for PARP inhibitors.Several non-isotopic immunodetection methods for quantifying pADPr are discussed: Western blotting of poly-ADP-ribosylated proteins, cellular localization of pADPr by immunohistochemistry, quantification of pADPr by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and small-scale two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Lamade
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yaming Chen
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carla J Johnson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert S B Clark
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Hunia J, Gawalski K, Szredzka A, Suskiewicz MJ, Nowis D. The potential of PARP inhibitors in targeted cancer therapy and immunotherapy. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1073797. [PMID: 36533080 PMCID: PMC9751342 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1073797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) deficiencies result in genome instability, which is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes take part in various DDR pathways, determining cell fate in the wake of DNA damage. PARPs are readily druggable and PARP inhibitors (PARPi) against the main DDR-associated PARPs, PARP1 and PARP2, are currently approved for the treatment of a range of tumor types. Inhibition of efficient PARP1/2-dependent DDR is fatal for tumor cells with homologous recombination deficiencies (HRD), especially defects in breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein 1 or 2 (BRCA1/2)-dependent pathway, while allowing healthy cells to survive. Moreover, PARPi indirectly influence the tumor microenvironment by increasing genomic instability, immune pathway activation and PD-L1 expression on cancer cells. For this reason, PARPi might enhance sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-(L)1 or anti-CTLA4, providing a rationale for PARPi-ICI combination therapies. In this review, we discuss the complex background of the different roles of PARP1/2 in the cell and summarize the basics of how PARPi work from bench to bedside. Furthermore, we detail the early data of ongoing clinical trials indicating the synergistic effect of PARPi and ICIs. We also introduce the diagnostic tools for therapy development and discuss the future perspectives and limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Hunia
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Gawalski
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Dominika Nowis
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Dexmedetomidine Inhibits Parthanatos in Cardiomyocytes and in Aortic Banded Mice by the ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022:10.1007/s12265-022-10340-y. [DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Savu DI, Moisoi N. Mitochondria - Nucleus communication in neurodegenerative disease. Who talks first, who talks louder? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148588. [PMID: 35780856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria - nuclear coadaptation has been central to eukaryotic evolution. The dynamic dialogue between the two compartments within the context of multiorganellar interactions is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and directing the balance survival-death in case of cellular stress. The conceptualisation of mitochondria - nucleus communication has so far been focused on the communication from the mitochondria under stress to the nucleus and the consequent signalling responses, as well as from the nucleus to mitochondria in the context of DNA damage and repair. During ageing processes this dialogue may be better viewed as an integrated bidirectional 'talk' with feedback loops that expand beyond these two organelles depending on physiological cues. Here we explore the current views on mitochondria - nucleus dialogue and its role in maintaining cellular health with a focus on brain cells and neurodegenerative disease. Thus, we detail the transcriptional responses initiated by mitochondrial dysfunction in order to protect itself and the general cellular homeostasis. Additionally, we are reviewing the knowledge of the stress pathways initiated by DNA damage which affect mitochondria homeostasis and we add the information provided by the study of combined mitochondrial and genotoxic damage. Finally, we reflect on how each organelle may take the lead in this dialogue in an ageing context where both compartments undergo accumulation of stress and damage and where, perhaps, even the communications' mechanisms may suffer interruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Iulia Savu
- Department of Life and Environmental Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, P.O. Box MG-6, Magurele 077125, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Moisoi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Faculty of Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Hawthorn Building 1.03, LE1 9BH Leicester, UK.
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Role of NAD + and FAD in Ischemic Stroke Pathophysiology: An Epigenetic Nexus and Expanding Therapeutic Repertoire. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01287-4. [PMID: 36180651 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The redox coenzymes viz., oxidized β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) by way of generation of optimal reducing power and cellular energy currency (ATP), control a staggering array of metabolic reactions. The prominent cellular contenders for NAD+ utilization, inter alia, are sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1), which have been significantly implicated in ischemic stroke (IS) pathogenesis. NAD+ and FAD are also two crucial epigenetic enzyme-required metabolites mediating histone deacetylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation through SIRTs and PARP-1 respectively, and demethylation through FAD-mediated lysine specific demethylase activity. These enzymes and post-translational modifications impinge on the components of neurovascular unit, primarily neurons, and elicit diverse functional upshots in an ischemic brain. These could be circumstantially linked with attendant cognitive deficits and behavioral outcomes in post-stroke epoch. Parsing out the contribution of NAD+/FAD-synthesizing and utilizing enzymes towards epigenetic remodeling in IS setting, together with their cognitive and behavioral associations, combined with possible therapeutic implications will form the crux of this review.
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Zhang W, Guo J, Chen Q. Role of PARP-1 in Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Functional Partners Encoded by This Virus. Viruses 2022; 14:2049. [PMID: 36146855 PMCID: PMC9501325 DOI: 10.3390/v14092049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous pathogen that threats the majority of the world's population. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and protein poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) regulates manifold cellular functions. The role of PARP-1 and protein PARylation in HCMV infection is still unknown. In the present study, we found that the pharmacological and genetic inhibition of PARP-1 attenuated HCMV replication, and PARG inhibition favors HCMV replication. PARP-1 and its enzymatic activity were required for efficient HCMV replication. HCMV infection triggered the activation of PARP-1 and induced the translocation of PARP-1 from nucleus to cytoplasm. PARG was upregulated in HCMV-infected cells and this upregulation was independent of viral DNA replication. Moreover, we found that HCMV UL76, a true late protein of HCMV, inhibited the overactivation of PARP-1 through direct binding to the BRCT domain of PARP-1. In addition, UL76 also physically interacted with poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers through the RG/RGG motifs of UL76 which mediates its recruitment to DNA damage sites. Finally, PARP-1 inhibition or depletion potentiated HCMV-triggered induction of type I interferons. Our results uncovered the critical role of PARP-1 and PARP-1-mediated protein PARylation in HCMV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiang Chen
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Biswas D, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Pharmacologic inhibition of MIF nuclease: A new treatment paradigm to treat cell death. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e1044. [PMID: 36125899 PMCID: PMC9488529 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Devanik Biswas
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Valina L. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of PhysiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 Mediates Rab5 Inactivation after DNA Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147827. [PMID: 35887176 PMCID: PMC9319841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parthanatos is programmed cell death mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) after DNA damage. PARP1 acts by catalyzing the transfer of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers to various nuclear proteins. PAR is subsequently cleaved, generating protein-free PAR polymers, which are translocated to the cytoplasm where they associate with cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins, altering their functions and leading to cell death. Proteomic studies revealed that several proteins involved in endocytosis bind PAR after PARP1 activation, suggesting endocytosis may be affected by the parthanatos process. Endocytosis is a mechanism for cellular uptake of membrane-impermeant nutrients. Rab5, a small G-protein, is associated with the plasma membrane and early endosomes. Once activated by binding GTP, Rab5 recruits its effectors to early endosomes and regulates their fusion. Here, we report that after DNA damage, PARP1-generated PAR binds to Rab5, suppressing its activity. As a result, Rab5 is dissociated from endosomal vesicles, inhibiting the uptake of membrane-impermeant nutrients. This PARP1-dependent inhibition of nutrient uptake leads to cell starvation and death. It thus appears that this mechanism may represent a novel parthanatos pathway.
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Molecular Mechanisms of Parthanatos and Its Role in Diverse Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137292. [PMID: 35806303 PMCID: PMC9266317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Differential evolution of apoptosis, programmed necrosis, and autophagy, parthanatos is a form of cell death mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), which is caused by DNA damage. PARP1 hyper-activation stimulates apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) nucleus translocation, and accelerates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, leading to DNA fragmentation. The mechanisms of parthanatos mainly include DNA damage, PARP1 hyper-activation, PAR accumulation, NAD+ and ATP depletion, and AIF nucleus translocation. Now, it is reported that parthanatos widely exists in different diseases (tumors, retinal diseases, neurological diseases, diabetes, renal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury...). Excessive or defective parthanatos contributes to pathological cell damage; therefore, parthanatos is critical in the therapy and prevention of many diseases. In this work, the hallmarks and molecular mechanisms of parthanatos and its related disorders are summarized. The questions raised by the recent findings are also presented. Further understanding of parthanatos will provide a new treatment option for associated conditions.
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Santos SS, Brunialti MKC, Rodrigues LDOCP, Liberatore AMA, Koh IHJ, Martins V, Soriano FG, Szabo C, Salomão R. Effects of the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib on the Response of Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes to Bacterial Challenge or Oxidative Stress. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060788. [PMID: 35740913 PMCID: PMC9221060 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies demonstrate the activation of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in various pathophysiological conditions, including sepsis. We have assessed the effect of olaparib, a clinically used PARP1 inhibitor, on the responses of human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBMCs) obtained from healthy volunteers in response to challenging with live bacteria, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2). The viability of PBMCs exposed to olaparib or to the earlier generation PARP inhibitor PJ-34 (0.1–1000 µM) was monitored using Annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D. To evaluate the effects of olaparib on the expression of PARP1 and its effects on protein PARylation, PBMCs were stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus with or without olaparib (1–10 μM). Changes in cellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as well as changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), were measured in PBMCs exposed to H2O2. Bacterial killing was evaluated in PBMCs and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) incubated with S. aureus. Cytokine production was measured in supernatants using a cytometric bead array. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, and phagocytic activity of monocytes and neutrophils were measured in whole blood. For ROS and NO production, samples were incubated with heat-killed S. aureus; phagocytic activity was assessed using killed Escherichia coli conjugated to FITC. Olaparib (0.1–100 µM) did not adversely affect lymphocyte viability. Olaparib also did not interfere with PARP1 expression but inhibits S. aureus-induced protein PARylation. In cells challenged with H2O2, olaparib prevented NAD+ and ATP depletion and attenuated mitochondrial membrane depolarization. LPS-induced production of TNF-α, MIP-1α, and IL-10 by PBMCs was also reduced by olaparib. Monocytes and neutrophils displayed significant increases in the production of ROS and NO after stimulation with S. aureus and phagocytic (E. coli) and microbicidal activity, and these responses were not suppressed by olaparib. We conclude that, at clinically relevant concentrations, olaparib exerts cytoprotective effects and modulates inflammatory cytokine production without exerting adverse effects on the cells’ ability to phagocytose or eradicate pathogens. The current data support the concept of repurposing olaparib as a potential experimental therapy for septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidneia Sousa Santos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023, Brazil; (S.S.S.); (M.K.C.B.); (L.d.O.C.P.R.)
| | - Milena Karina Coló Brunialti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023, Brazil; (S.S.S.); (M.K.C.B.); (L.d.O.C.P.R.)
| | - Larissa de Oliveira Cavalcanti Peres Rodrigues
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023, Brazil; (S.S.S.); (M.K.C.B.); (L.d.O.C.P.R.)
| | - Ana Maria Alvim Liberatore
- Discipline of Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023, Brazil; (A.M.A.L.); (I.H.J.K.)
| | - Ivan Hong Jun Koh
- Discipline of Operative Technique and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023, Brazil; (A.M.A.L.); (I.H.J.K.)
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- Laboratory of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Reinaldo Salomão
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023, Brazil; (S.S.S.); (M.K.C.B.); (L.d.O.C.P.R.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (R.S.)
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48
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The Development of Novel Drug Treatments for Stroke Patients: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105796. [PMID: 35628606 PMCID: PMC9145977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a critical condition that can result in disability and death. The consequences of this medical condition depend on various factors, including the size of the stroke, affected brain region, treatment onset, and the type of treatment. The primary objective of stroke treatment is to restart ischemic penumbra tissue perfusion and reduce infarct volume by sustaining blood flow. Recent research on the condition’s pathological pathways and processes has significantly improved treatment options beyond restoring perfusion. Many studies have concentrated on limiting injury severity via the manipulation of molecular mechanisms of ischemia, particularly in animal research. This article reviews completed and ongoing research on the development of acute ischemic stroke drugs. This study focuses on three main categories of antithrombotic drugs, thrombolytic drugs, and neuroprotective agents. The paper outlines findings from animal and clinical trials and explores the working mechanisms of these drugs.
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49
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Castro-Guarda M, Arancibia Y, Chipón C, Matamala C, Oyarzo P, Vargas G, Reyes A, Salas M, Morera FJ, Zambrano A. Metabolic changes induced by DNA damage in Ramos cells: Exploring the role of mTORC1 complex. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1509-1522. [PMID: 35538662 PMCID: PMC9340868 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage induces the activation of many different signals associated with repair or cell death, but it is also connected with physiological events, such as adult neurogenesis and B‐cell differentiation. DNA damage induces different signaling pathways, some of them linked to important metabolic changes. The mTORC1 pathway has a central role in the regulation of growth processes and cell division in response to environmental changes and also controls protein synthesis, lipid biogenesis, nucleotide synthesis, and expression of glycolytic genes. Here, we report that double‐strand breaks induced with etoposide affect the expression of genes encoding different enzymes associated with specific metabolic pathways in Ramos cells. We also analyzed the role of mTOR signaling, demonstrating that double‐strand breaks induce downregulation of mTOR signaling. Specific inhibition of mTORC1 using rapamycin also induced changes in the expression of metabolic genes. Finally, we demonstrated that DNA damage and rapamycin can regulate glucose uptake. In summary, our findings show that etoposide and rapamycin affect the expression of metabolic genes as well as apoptotic and proliferation markers in Ramos cells, increasing our understanding of cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Castro-Guarda
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Yennyfer Arancibia
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Carina Chipón
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Christofer Matamala
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Paola Oyarzo
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Gabriela Vargas
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Reyes
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile.,Campus Patagonia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Coyhaique, 5950000, Chile
| | - Mónica Salas
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Francisco J Morera
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
| | - Angara Zambrano
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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50
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Berger ND, Brownlee PM, Chen MJ, Morrison H, Osz K, Ploquin NP, Chan JA, Goodarzi AA. High replication stress and limited Rad51-mediated DNA repair capacity, but not oxidative stress, underlie oligodendrocyte precursor cell radiosensitivity. NAR Cancer 2022; 4:zcac012. [PMID: 35425901 PMCID: PMC9004414 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cranial irradiation is part of the standard of care for treating pediatric brain tumors. However, ionizing radiation can trigger serious long-term neurologic sequelae, including oligodendrocyte and brain white matter loss enabling neurocognitive decline in children surviving brain cancer. Oxidative stress-mediated oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) radiosensitivity has been proposed as a possible explanation for this. Here, however, we demonstrate that antioxidants fail to improve OPC viability after irradiation, despite suppressing oxidative stress, suggesting an alternative etiology for OPC radiosensitivity. Using systematic approaches, we find that OPCs have higher irradiation-induced and endogenous γH2AX foci compared to neural stem cells, neurons, astrocytes and mature oligodendrocytes, and these correlate with replication-associated DNA double strand breakage. Furthermore, OPCs are reliant upon ATR kinase and Mre11 nuclease-dependent processes for viability, are more sensitive to drugs increasing replication fork collapse, and display synthetic lethality with PARP inhibitors after irradiation. This suggests an insufficiency for homology-mediated DNA repair in OPCs—a model that is supported by evidence of normal RPA but reduced RAD51 filament formation at resected lesions in irradiated OPCs. We therefore propose a DNA repair-centric mechanism of OPC radiosensitivity, involving chronically-elevated replication stress combined with ‘bottlenecks’ in RAD51-dependent DNA repair that together reduce radiation resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Daniel Berger
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter M Brownlee
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Myra J Chen
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hali Morrison
- Department of Oncology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katalin Osz
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicolas P Ploquin
- Department of Oncology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Chan
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aaron A Goodarzi
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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