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Jin S, Wang YS, Huang JC, Wang TT, Li BY, Guo B, Yue ZP. Osthole exhibits the remedial potential for polycystic ovary syndrome mice through Nrf2-Foxo1-GSH-NF-κB pathway. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:1111-1123. [PMID: 38741282 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the primary cause of female infertility with a lack of universal therapeutic regimen. Although osthole exhibits numerous pharmacological activities in treating various diseases, its therapeutic effect on PCOS is undiscovered. The present study found that application of osthole improved the symptoms of PCOS mice through preventing ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) production of more estrogen and alleviating the liberation of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Meanwhile, osthole enhanced ovarian antioxidant capacity and alleviated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation with a concurrent attenuation for oxidative stress, while intervention of antioxidant enzymic activity and glutathione (GSH) synthesis neutralized the salvation of osthole on GCs secretory disorder and chronic inflammation. Further analysis revealed that osthole restored the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and forkhead box O 1 (Foxo1) whose repression antagonized the amelioration of osthole on the insufficiency of antioxidant capacity and accumulation of ROS. Moreover, Nrf2 served as an intermedium to mediate the regulation of osthole on Foxo1. Additionally, osthole restricted the phosphorylation of IκBα and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) subunit p65 by DHEA and weakened the transcriptional activity of NF-κB, but this effectiveness was abrogated by the obstruction of Nrf2 and Foxo1, whereas adjunction of GSH renewed the redemptive effect of osthole on NF-κB whose activation caused an invalidation of osthole in rescuing the aberration of GCs secretory function and inflammation response. Collectively, osthole might relieve the symptoms of PCOS mice via Nrf2-Foxo1-GSH-NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Si Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Cheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Yu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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2
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Moore T. X centromeric drive may explain the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome and other conditions: Genomic structure of the human X chromosome pericentromeric region is consistent with meiotic drive associated with PCOS and other conditions. Bioessays 2024:e2400056. [PMID: 39072829 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
X chromosome centromeric drive may explain the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome and contribute to oocyte aneuploidy, menopause, and other conditions. The mammalian X chromosome may be vulnerable to meiotic drive because of X inactivation in the female germline. The human X pericentromeric region contains genes potentially involved in meiotic mechanisms, including multiple SPIN1 and ZXDC paralogs. This is consistent with a multigenic drive system comprising differential modification of the active and inactive X chromosome centromeres in female primordial germ cells and preferential segregation of the previously inactivated X chromosome centromere to the polar body at meiosis I. The drive mechanism may explain differences in X chromosome regulation in the female germlines of the human and mouse and, based on the functions encoded by the genes in the region, the transmission of X pericentromeric genetic or epigenetic variants to progeny could contribute to preeclampsia, autism, and differences in sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Moore
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Rosenfield RL. The Search for the Causes of Common Hyperandrogenism, 1965 to Circa 2015. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:553-592. [PMID: 38457123 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
From 1965 to 2015, immense strides were made into understanding the mechanisms underlying the common androgen excess disorders, premature adrenarche and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The author reviews the critical discoveries of this era from his perspective investigating these disorders, commencing with his early discoveries of the unique pattern of plasma androgens in premature adrenarche and the elevation of an index of the plasma free testosterone concentration in most hirsute women. The molecular genetic basis, though not the developmental biologic basis, for adrenarche is now known and 11-oxytestosterones shown to be major bioactive adrenal androgens. The evolution of the lines of research into the pathogenesis of PCOS is historically traced: research milestones are cited in the areas of neuroendocrinology, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, folliculogenesis, androgen secretion, obesity, phenotyping, prenatal androgenization, epigenetics, and complex genetics. Large-scale genome-wide association studies led to the 2014 discovery of an unsuspected steroidogenic regulator DENND1A (differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic development). The splice variant DENND1A.V2 is constitutively overexpressed in PCOS theca cells in long-term culture and accounts for their PCOS-like phenotype. The genetics are complex, however: DENND1A intronic variant copy number is related to phenotype severity, and recent data indicate that rare variants in a DENND1A regulatory network and other genes are related to PCOS. Obesity exacerbates PCOS manifestations via insulin resistance and proinflammatory cytokine excess; excess adipose tissue also forms testosterone. Polycystic ovaries in 40 percent of apparently normal women lie on the PCOS functional spectrum. Much remains to be learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Rosenfield
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 94109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Hu X, Feng G, Chen Q, Sang Y, Chen Q, Wang S, Liu S, Bai L, Zhu Y. The impact and inflammatory characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection during ovarian stimulation on the outcomes of assisted reproductive treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1353068. [PMID: 38726341 PMCID: PMC11079226 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1353068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), limited research has been conducted on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction. The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) on the outcomes of assisted reproductive treatment (ART) and the cytokine status of patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 202 couples who received ART treatment, 101 couples infected with SARS-CoV-2 during COS and 101 matched uninfected couples. The parameters of ovarian stimulation and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. The All-Human Inflammation Array Q3 kit was utilized to measure cytokine levels in both blood and follicular fluid. Results No difference was found in the number of good-quality embryos (3.3 ± 3.1 vs. 3.0 ± 2.2, P = 0.553) between the infected and uninfected groups. Among couples who received fresh embryo transfers, no difference was observed in clinical pregnancy rate (53.3% vs. 51.5%, P = 0.907). The rates of fertilization, implantation, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and live birth were also comparable between the two groups. After adjustments were made for confounders, regression models indicated that the quality of embryos (B = 0.16, P = 0.605) and clinical pregnancy rate (P = 0.206) remained unaffected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The serum levels of MCP-1, TIMP-1, I-309, TNF-RI and TNF-RII were increased, while that of eotaxin-2 was decreased in COVID-19 patients. No significant difference was found in the levels of cytokines in follicular fluid between the two groups. Conclusion Asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 during COS had no adverse effects on ART outcomes. Although mild inflammation was present in the serum, it was not detected in the follicular fluid of these patients. The subsequent immune response needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Hu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofang Feng
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qichao Chen
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yimiao Sang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuangying Liu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Xu Y, Zhou Z, Zhang G, Yang Z, Shi Y, Jiang Z, Liu Y, Chen H, Huang H, Zhang Y, Pan J. Metabolome implies increased fatty acid utilization and histone methylation in the follicles from hyperandrogenic PCOS women. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109548. [PMID: 38104867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Well-balanced metabolism is essential for the high-quality of oocytes, and metabolic fluctuations of follicular microenvironment potentially encourage functional changes in follicle cells, ultimately impacting the developmental potential of oocytes. Here, the global metabolomic profiles of follicular fluid from PCOS women with ovarian hyperandrogenism and nonhyperandrogenism were depicted by untargeted metabolome and transcriptome. In parallel, functional methods were employed to evaluate the possible impact of dysregulated metabolites on oocyte and embryo development. Our findings demonstrated that PCOS women exhibited distinct metabolic features in follicles, such as the increase in fatty acid utilization and the downregulation in amino acid metabolism. And intrafollicular androgen levels were positively correlated with contents of multiple fatty acids, suggesting androgen as one of the contributing factors to the metabolic abnormalities in PCOS follicles. Moreover, we further demonstrated that elevated levels of α-linolenic acid and H3K27me3 could hinder oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryo development. Hopefully, our data serve as a broad resource on the metabolic abnormalities of PCOS follicles, and advances in the relevant knowledge will allow the identification of biomarkers that predict the progression of PCOS and its poor pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| | - Gaochen Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| | - Zuwei Yang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China; The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Liu
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixi Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China; The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China; The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiexue Pan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai, China; Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China; The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhang Y, Tang L, Liu H, Cheng Y. The Multiple Functions of HB-EGF in Female Reproduction and Related Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Targeting Strategies. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01454-6. [PMID: 38424408 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Heparin-binding growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand family which has a crucial role in women's health. However, there is a lack of comprehensive review to summarize the significance of HB-EGF. Therefore, this work first described the expression patterns of HB-EGF in the endometrium and ovary of different species and gestational time. Then, the focus was on exploring how it promotes the successful implantation and regulates the process of decidualization and the function of ovarian granulosa cells as an intermediate molecule. Otherwise, we also focused on the clinical and prognostic significance of HB-EGF in female-related cancers (including ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer) and breast cancer. Lastly, the article also summarizes the current drugs targeting HB-EGF in the treatment of ovarian cancer and breast cancer. Overall, these studies found that the expression of HB-EGF in the endometrium is spatiotemporal and species-specific. And it mediates the dialogue between the blastocyst and endometrium, promoting synchronous development of the blastocyst and endometrium as an intermediate molecule. HB-EGF may serve as a potentially valuable prognostic clinical indicator in tumors. And the specific inhibitor of HB-EGF (CRM197) has a certain anti-tumor ability, which can exert synergistic anti-tumor effects with conventional chemotherapy drugs. However, it also suggests that more research is needed in the future to elucidate its specific mechanisms and to accommodate clinical studies with a larger sample size to clarify its clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujia Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Tao Y, Zhang Q, Wang H, Yang X, Mu H. Alternative splicing and related RNA binding proteins in human health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:26. [PMID: 38302461 PMCID: PMC10835012 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) serves as a pivotal mechanism in transcriptional regulation, engendering transcript diversity, and modifications in protein structure and functionality. Across varying tissues, developmental stages, or under specific conditions, AS gives rise to distinct splice isoforms. This implies that these isoforms possess unique temporal and spatial roles, thereby associating AS with standard biological activities and diseases. Among these, AS-related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an instrumental role in regulating alternative splicing events. Under physiological conditions, the diversity of proteins mediated by AS influences the structure, function, interaction, and localization of proteins, thereby participating in the differentiation and development of an array of tissues and organs. Under pathological conditions, alterations in AS are linked with various diseases, particularly cancer. These changes can lead to modifications in gene splicing patterns, culminating in changes or loss of protein functionality. For instance, in cancer, abnormalities in AS and RBPs may result in aberrant expression of cancer-associated genes, thereby promoting the onset and progression of tumors. AS and RBPs are also associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune diseases. Consequently, the study of AS across different tissues holds significant value. This review provides a detailed account of the recent advancements in the study of alternative splicing and AS-related RNA-binding proteins in tissue development and diseases, which aids in deepening the understanding of gene expression complexity and offers new insights and methodologies for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China.
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Chen H, Tu Y, Zhang C, Li J, Wu T, Liu S, He L, Zhang A, Li Y, Li L, Sui Y, Wang L, Chen X, Xi J, Wu Y, Jin L, Huang HF. Effect of transvaginal Lactobacillus supplementation on reversing lower genital tract dysbiosis and improving perinatal outcomes in PCOS patients after IVF-FET: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:821. [PMID: 38129882 PMCID: PMC10734052 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant lower genital tract (LGT) dysbiosis and an associated lower rate of clinical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization-frozen embryo transfer (IVF-FET) among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients have been previously reported by our group. We aimed to assess whether transvaginal Lactobacillus supplementation can reverse LGT dysbiosis and further improve perinatal outcomes in PCOS patients after IVF-FET. METHODS/DESIGN This is a protocol for a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial in China. Women diagnosed with PCOS who are undergoing IVF-FET treatment will be recruited. Allocation to the intervention/control arms at a ratio of 1:1 will be executed by an electronic randomization system. Participants in the intervention arm will receive the live Lactobacillus capsule vaginally for 10 consecutive days before embryo transfer, while those in the control arm will receive standard individualized care. The primary outcomes will be the clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and live birth rate. 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry will be conducted to evaluate the LGT microbiome and systemic metabonomics before and after the intervention. A sample of 260 participants will provide 95% power to detect a 20% increase in the rate of clinical pregnancy (α = 0.025, one-tailed test, 15% dropout rate). A total of 300 participants will be recruited. DISCUSSION This is the first large and multicenter randomized controlled trial aimed at assessing the efficacy of transvaginal Lactobacillus supplementation on restoring the LGT microbiome and improving perinatal outcomes in PCOS patients after IVF-FET. This pragmatic trial is promising for increasing the rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth in PCOS patients after IVF-FET. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical review approval was obtained from the Medical Research Ethics Committees of the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (15 October 2020, GKLW 2020-29). To maximize dissemination, these findings will be reported in open access publications in journals with high impact, and oral and poster conference presentations will be performed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR ChiCTR2000036460. Registered on 13 September 2020, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=59549 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixi Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoyao Tu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wu
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| | - Suying Liu
- Reproductive Center, Zhong Shan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying He
- Reproductive Center, Zhong Shan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Li
- ShangHai JIAI Genetics and IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilun Sui
- ShangHai JIAI Genetics and IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Xi
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- ShangHai JIAI Genetics and IVF Institute, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li Jin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- ShangHai JIAI Genetics and IVF Institute, Shanghai, China.
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Wang K, Li Y, Chen Y. Androgen excess: a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1273542. [PMID: 38152131 PMCID: PMC10751361 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1273542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic, reproductive, and psychological disorder affecting 6-20% of reproductive women worldwide. However, there is still no cure for PCOS, and current treatments primarily alleviate its symptoms due to a poor understanding of its etiology. Compelling evidence suggests that hyperandrogenism is not just a primary feature of PCOS. Instead, it may be a causative factor for this condition. Thus, figuring out the mechanisms of androgen synthesis, conversion, and metabolism is relatively important. Traditionally, studies of androgen excess have largely focused on classical androgen, but in recent years, adrenal-derived 11-oxygenated androgen has also garnered interest. Herein, this Review aims to investigate the origins of androgen excess, androgen synthesis, how androgen receptor (AR) signaling mediates adverse PCOS traits, and the role of 11-oxygenated androgen in the pathophysiology of PCOS. In addition, it provides therapeutic strategies targeting hyperandrogenism in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Marie C, Pierre A, Mayeur A, Giton F, Corre R, Grynberg M, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Guigon CJ, Chauvin S. Dysfunction of Human Estrogen Signaling as a Novel Molecular Signature of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16689. [PMID: 38069013 PMCID: PMC10706349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a major hormone-controlling folliculogenesis whose dysfunction may participate in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) infertility. To determine whether both the concentration and action of E2 could be impaired in non-hyperandrogenic overweight PCOS women, we isolated granulosa cells (GCs) and follicular fluid (FF) from follicles of women undergoing ovarian stimulation (27 with PCOS, and 54 without PCOS). An analysis of the transcript abundance of 16 genes in GCs showed that androgen and progesterone receptor expressions were significantly increased in GCs of PCOS (by 2.7-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively), while those of the steroidogenic enzymes CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 were down-regulated (by 56% and 38%, respectively). Remarkably, treatment of GC cultures with E2 revealed its ineffectiveness in regulating the expression of several key endocrine genes (e.g., GREB1 or BCL2) in PCOS. Additionally, a comparison of the steroid concentrations (measured by GC/MS) in GCs with those in FF of matched follicles demonstrated that the significant decline in the E2 concentration (by 23%) in PCOS FF was not the result of the E2 biosynthesis reduction. Overall, our study provides novel hallmarks of PCOS by highlighting the ineffective E2 signaling in GCs as well as the dysregulation in the expression of genes involved in follicular growth, which may contribute to aberrant folliculogenesis in non-hyperandrogenic women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Marie
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
| | - Alice Pierre
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
| | - Anne Mayeur
- Service de Médecine de la Reproduction et Préservation de la Fertilité, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, 92140 Clamart, France;
| | - Frank Giton
- AP-HP, Pôle Biologie-Pathologie Henri Mondor, Inserm IMRB U955, 94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Raphael Corre
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
| | - Michaël Grynberg
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
- Service de Médecine de la Reproduction et Préservation de la Fertilité, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, 92140 Clamart, France;
| | - Joëlle Cohen-Tannoudji
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
| | - Céline J. Guigon
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
| | - Stéphanie Chauvin
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 75013 Paris, France; (C.M.); (A.P.); (R.C.); (M.G.); (J.C.-T.); (C.J.G.)
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11
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Yu TN, Cheng EH, Lin YP, Chen YC, Huang CC, Lee TH, Lee MS. Significantly shortened telomere length and altered androgen receptor level in cumulus cells from women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:845-851. [PMID: 38008503 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2023.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between hormone receptor levels and telomere length (TL) in infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study recruited a total of 431 cumulus oocyte complex (COC) from 88 infertile women between July 2012 and June 2014. The participants were divided into three groups: young age (<38 years, n = 42 and 227 COC), advanced age (≥38 years, n = 33 and 107 COC) and PCOS patients (n = 13 and 97 COC). Cumulus cells were collected from individual follicle during oocyte pick-up, and the mRNA levels of hormone receptors and TL were measured using real-time PCR. RESULTS The cumulus cells of PCOS patients demonstrated lower mRNA levels of LH receptor (75.57 ± 138.10 vs. 171.07 ± 317.68; p < 0.01) and androgen receptor (1.13 ± 1.52 vs. 4.08 ± 9.57; p < 0.01), as well as a shorter TL (2.39 ± 2.58 vs. 3.96 ± 4.72; p < 0.01) compared to those of the young age group. In the young age group, only androgen receptor mRNA level showed a significant association with TL (rho = 0.148, p = 0.026), while FSH receptor mRNA level was the only factor associated with TL (rho = 0.247, p = 0.015) in PCOS patients. For advanced-aged patients, no significant relationship was observed between hormone receptor mRNA levels and TL. Alternative splicing of androgen receptors was identified in some PCOS patients but not in young age controls. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the androgen receptor level and function may be altered in the cumulus cells of PCOS patients, leading to a shorter TL in cumulus cells in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ning Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - En-Hui Cheng
- Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lin
- Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chia Huang
- Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Maw-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Infertility Clinic, Lee Women's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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12
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Lee NY, Kim JH, Yoon JH, Hwang S, Kim GH, Yoo HW, Choi JH. Clinical outcomes and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with complete and partial androgen insensitivity syndromes. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 28:184-192. [PMID: 36731508 PMCID: PMC10556439 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2244152.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by unresponsiveness to androgens because of mutations in the AR gene. Here, we investigated the clinical outcomes and molecular spectrum of AR variants in patients with AIS attending a single academic center. METHODS This study included 19 patients with AIS who were confirmed by molecular analysis of AR. Clinical features and endocrinological findings were retrospectively collected, including presenting features, external genitalia, sex of rearing, timing of gonadectomy, pubertal outcomes, and sex hormone levels. Molecular analysis of AR was performed using Sanger, targeted gene panel, or whole-exome sequencing. RESULTS Among all 19 patients, 14 (74%) were classified as having complete AIS (CAIS), whereas 5 (26%) had partial AIS (PAIS). All patients with CAIS, and 3 patients with PAIS were reared as female. One patient with CAIS manifested a mixed germ cell tumor at the age of 30 years. Molecular analysis of AR identified 19 sequence variants; 12 (63%) were previously reported, and the remaining 7 (37%) were novel. Missense mutations were the most common type (12 of 19, 63%), followed by small deletions, nonsense mutations, an insertion, and a splice site mutation. CONCLUSION Here, we describe the clinical outcomes and molecular characteristics of 19 Korean patients with AIS. Patients with PAIS manifested various degrees of masculinization of the external genitalia. Nonsense and frameshift mutations were frequent in patients with CAIS, whereas patients with PAIS harbored exclusively missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nae-yun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gu-Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Katleba KD, Ghosh PM, Mudryj M. Beyond Prostate Cancer: An Androgen Receptor Splice Variant Expression in Multiple Malignancies, Non-Cancer Pathologies, and Development. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2215. [PMID: 37626712 PMCID: PMC10452427 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have demonstrated the importance of androgen receptor (AR) splice variants (SVs) in the progression of prostate cancer to the castration-resistant phenotype and their utility as a diagnostic. However, studies on AR expression in non-prostatic malignancies uncovered that AR-SVs are expressed in glioblastoma, breast, salivary, bladder, kidney, and liver cancers, where they have diverse roles in tumorigenesis. AR-SVs also have roles in non-cancer pathologies. In granulosa cells from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, unique AR-SVs lead to an increase in androgen production. In patients with nonobstructive azoospermia, testicular Sertoli cells exhibit differential expression of AR-SVs, which is associated with impaired spermatogenesis. Moreover, AR-SVs have been identified in normal cells, including blood mononuclear cells, neuronal lipid rafts, and the placenta. The detection and characterization of AR-SVs in mammalian and non-mammalian species argue that AR-SV expression is evolutionarily conserved and that AR-SV-dependent signaling is a fundamental regulatory feature in multiple cellular contexts. These discoveries argue that alternative splicing of the AR transcript is a commonly used mechanism that leads to an expansion in the repertoire of signaling molecules needed in certain tissues. Various malignancies appropriate this mechanism of alternative AR splicing to acquire a proliferative and survival advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley D. Katleba
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (K.D.K.); (P.M.G.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (K.D.K.); (P.M.G.)
- Department of Urologic Surgery, 4860 Y Street, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA 95718, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (K.D.K.); (P.M.G.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Shields Avenue, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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14
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Ma Data Analysis C, Xu H, Zhang X, Feng Data Analysis G, Shi L, Su Y, Yang L, Zhao R, Qiao J. Association of classic and 11-oxygenated androgens with polycystic ovaries and menstrual cycle prolongation in infertile women with PCOS. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117440. [PMID: 37311505 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the role of classic and 11-oxygenated (11oxyC19) androgens in two typical signs of PCOS, polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM) and menstrual cycle prolongation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 462 infertile women with diagnosed PCOS and/or commonly accompanied metabolic disorders were recruited. Classic and 11oxyC19 androgens were determined with a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry tandem mass spectrometry apparatus. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression with fivefold cross-validation was applied to construct prediction models. RESULTS For PCOM, the most significant contributing androgen was testosterone (T), with the weight of 51.6%. The AUC of the prediction model was 0.824 in validation set. For menstrual cycle prolongation, androstenedione (A4) was the most significant contributing androgen with weights of 77.5%. The AUC the prediction model was less than 0.75. When including other variables, the most significant variable turned to be AMH both in PCOM and in menstrual cycle prolongation. CONCLUSION Androgens had more contribution in PCOM than in menstrual cycle prolongation. The classic androgen T or A4 contributed more than 11oxyC19 androgens. However, their contributions were diminished when other factors were considered, especially AMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Ma Data Analysis
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiyu Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xianhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Center of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guoshuang Feng Data Analysis
- Big Data Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Li Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Center of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rongsheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Center of Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Yao X, Wang C, Sun L, Yan L, Chen X, Lv Z, Xie X, Tian S, Liu W, Li L, Zhang H, Liu J. BCAS2 regulates granulosa cell survival by participating in mRNA alternative splicing. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:104. [PMID: 37248466 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation are essential for follicle development. Breast cancer amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) is necessary for spermatogenesis, oocyte development, and maintaining the genome integrity of early embryos in mice. However, the function of BCAS2 in granulosa cells is still unknown. RESULTS We show that conditional disruption of Bcas2 in granulosa cells caused follicle development failure; the ratio of the positive cells of the cell proliferation markers PCNA and Ki67 were unchanged in granulosa cells. Specific deletion of Bcas2 caused a decrease in the BrdU-positive cell ratio, cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and an increase in apoptosis in granulosa cells, and RPA1 was abnormally stained in granulosa cells. RNA-seq results revealed that knockout of Bcas2 results in unusual expression of cellular senescence genes. BCAS2 participated in the PRP19 complex to mediate alternative splicing (AS) of E2f3 and Flt3l mRNA to inhibit the cell cycle. Knockout of Bcas2 resulted in a significant decrease in the ratio of BrdU-positive cells in the human granulosa-like tumour (KGN) cell line. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that BCAS2 may influence the proliferation and survival of granulosa cells through regulating pre-mRNA splicing of E2f3 and Flt3l by forming the splicing complex with CDC5L and PRP19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Longjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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16
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Fedeli V, Catizone A, Querqui A, Unfer V, Bizzarri M. The Role of Inositols in the Hyperandrogenic Phenotypes of PCOS: A Re-Reading of Larner’s Results. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076296. [PMID: 37047265 PMCID: PMC10093919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinological disorder in women, in which, besides chronic anovulation/oligomenorrhea and ovarian cysts, hyperandrogenism plays a critical role in a large fraction of subjects. Inositol isomers—myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol—have recently been pharmacologically effective in managing many PCOS symptoms while rescuing ovarian fertility. However, some disappointing clinical results prompted the reconsideration of their specific biological functions. Surprisingly, D-Chiro-Ins stimulates androgen synthesis and decreases the ovarian estrogen pathway; on the contrary, myo-Ins activates FSH response and aromatase activity, finally mitigating ovarian hyperandrogenism. However, when the two isomers are given in association—according to the physiological ratio of 40:1—patients could benefit from myo-Ins enhanced FSH and estrogen responsiveness, while taking advantage of the insulin-sensitizing effects displayed mostly by D-Chiro-Ins. We need not postulate insulin resistance to explain PCOS pathogenesis, given that insulin hypersensitivity is likely a shared feature of PCOS ovaries. Indeed, even in the presence of physiological insulin stimulation, the PCOS ovary synthesizes D-Chiro-Ins four times more than that measured in control theca cells. The increased D-Chiro-Ins within the ovary is detrimental in preserving steroidogenic control, and this failure can easily explain why treatment strategies based upon high D-Chiro-Ins have been recognized as poorly effective. Within this perspective, two factors emerge as major determinants in PCOS: hyperandrogenism and reduced aromatase expression. Therefore, PCOS could no longer be considered a disease only due to increased androgen synthesis without considering the contemporary downregulation of aromatase and FSH receptors. Furthermore, these findings suggest that inositols can be specifically effective only for those PCOS phenotypes featured by hyperandrogenism.
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17
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Xue T, Zhao S, Zhang H, Tang T, Zheng L, Jing J, Ge X, Ma R, Ma J, Ren X, Jueraitetibaike K, Guo Z, Chen L, Yao B. PPT1 regulation of HSP90α depalmitoylation participates in the pathogenesis of hyperandrogenism. iScience 2023; 26:106131. [PMID: 36879822 PMCID: PMC9984558 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) in the follicle are the important mediator of steroidogenesis and foster oocyte maturation. Evidences suggested that the function of GCs could be regulated by S-palmitoylation. However, the role of S-palmitoylation of GCs in ovarian hyperandrogenism remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the protein from GCs in ovarian hyperandrogenism phenotype mouse group exhibits lower palmitoylation level compared with that in the control group. Using S-palmitoylation-enriched quantitative proteomics, we identified heat shock protein isoform α (HSP90α) with lower S-palmitoylation levels in ovarian hyperandrogenism phenotype group. Mechanistically, S-palmitoylation of HSP90α modulates the conversion of androgen to estrogens via the androgen receptor (AR) signalling pathway, and its level is regulated by PPT1. Targeting AR signaling by using dipyridamole attenuated ovarian hyperandrogenism symptoms. Our data help elucidate ovarian hyperandrogenism from perspective of protein modification and provide new evidence showing that HSP90α S-palmitoylation modification might be a potential pharmacological target for ovarian hyperandrogenism treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongmin Xue
- Reproductive Medical Center, Jinling Hospital Department, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211116, China.,Reproductive Medical Center, Clinical Medical College (Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Shanmeizi Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.,Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Jun Jing
- Reproductive Medical Center, Jinling Hospital Department, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211116, China
| | - Xie Ge
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Rujun Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Jinzhao Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Kadiliya Jueraitetibaike
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Li Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Jinling Hospital Department, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.,Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211116, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Jinling Hospital Department, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.,Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211116, China
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18
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Zhou J, Jiang Z, Fu L, Qu F, Dai M, Xie N, Zhang S, Wang F. Contribution of labor related gene subtype classification on heterogeneity of polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282292. [PMID: 36857354 PMCID: PMC9977056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is highly heterogeneous with varied clinical features and diverse gestational complications among individuals. The patients with PCOS have 2-fold higher risk of preterm labor which is associated with substantial infant morbidity and mortality and great socioeconomic cost. The study was designated to identify molecular subtypes and the related hub genes to facilitate the susceptibility assessment of preterm labor in women with PCOS. METHODS Four mRNA datasets (GSE84958, GSE5090, GSE43264 and GSE98421) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Twenty-eight candidate genes related to preterm labor or labor were yielded from the researches and our unpublished data. Then, we utilized unsupervised clustering to identify molecular subtypes in PCOS based on the expression of above candidate genes. Key modules were generated with weighted gene co-expression network analysis R package, and their hub genes were generated with CytoHubba. The probable biological function and mechanism were explored through Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. In addition, STRING and Cytoscape software were used to identify the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the molecular complex detection (MCODE) was used to identify the hub genes. Then the overlapping hub genes were predicted. RESULTS Two molecular subtypes were found in women with PCOS based on the expression similarity of preterm labor or labor-related genes, in which two modules were highlighted. The key modules and PPI network have five overlapping five hub genes, two of which, GTF2F2 and MYO6 gene, were further confirmed by the comparison between clustering subgroups according to the expression of hub genes. CONCLUSIONS Distinct PCOS molecular subtypes were identified with preterm labor or labor-related genes, which might uncover the potential mechanism underlying heterogeneity of clinical pregnancy complications in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyi Fu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Qu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minchen Dai
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Xie
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (FW); (SZ)
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (FW); (SZ)
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19
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Shi CY, Xu JJ, Li C, Yu JL, Wu YT, Huang HF. A PPARG Splice Variant in Granulosa Cells Is Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247285. [PMID: 36555903 PMCID: PMC9786670 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored whether there are splice variants (SVs) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARG) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and its relationship with clinical features and KGN cell functions. METHODS We performed a study involving 153 women with PCOS and 153 age-matched controls. One type of PPARG SV was detected by SMARTer RACE. The correlations between PPARG SV expression levels, clinical features, and KGN cell functions were analyzed. The effect of the PPARG SV on the expression of important genes in metabolism-related pathways was explored by PCR array. RESULTS The expression of the PPARG SV in PCOS patients was significantly higher than that in the controls. Clinical features were more significant in the PCOS group with the SV. Compared with overexpression of PPARG, the overexpression of the PPARG SV inhibited the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of KGN cells in vitro. The genes related to the PPARG SV were mainly involved in lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION While granulosa cells contribute greatly to the development of follicles, our results suggest that the identified PPARG SV may regulate cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in granulosa cells, which could partially explain the mechanisms of ovulation dysfunction in PCOS. Further investigation of the utility of this PPARG SV as a biomarker for PCOS is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yi Shi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, Ningbo 315012, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jia-Le Yu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan-Ting Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-T.W.); (H.-F.H.)
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-T.W.); (H.-F.H.)
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20
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Dapas M, Dunaif A. Deconstructing a Syndrome: Genomic Insights Into PCOS Causal Mechanisms and Classification. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:927-965. [PMID: 35026001 PMCID: PMC9695127 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common disorders in women of reproductive age, affecting up to 15% worldwide, depending on the diagnostic criteria. PCOS is characterized by a constellation of interrelated reproductive abnormalities, including disordered gonadotropin secretion, increased androgen production, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. It is frequently associated with insulin resistance and obesity. These reproductive and metabolic derangements cause major morbidities across the lifespan, including anovulatory infertility and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite decades of investigative effort, the etiology of PCOS remains unknown. Familial clustering of PCOS cases has indicated a genetic contribution to PCOS. There are rare Mendelian forms of PCOS associated with extreme phenotypes, but PCOS typically follows a non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance consistent with a complex genetic architecture, analogous to T2D and obesity, that reflects the interaction of susceptibility genes and environmental factors. Genomic studies of PCOS have provided important insights into disease pathways and have indicated that current diagnostic criteria do not capture underlying differences in biology associated with different forms of PCOS. We provide a state-of-the-science review of genetic analyses of PCOS, including an overview of genomic methodologies aimed at a general audience of non-geneticists and clinicians. Applications in PCOS will be discussed, including strengths and limitations of each study. The contributions of environmental factors, including developmental origins, will be reviewed. Insights into the pathogenesis and genetic architecture of PCOS will be summarized. Future directions for PCOS genetic studies will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dapas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrea Dunaif
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Chen T, Jia F, Yu Y, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhu S, Zhang N, Liu X. Potential Role of Quercetin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Complications: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144476. [PMID: 35889348 PMCID: PMC9325244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common multisystem disease with reproductive, metabolic and psychological abnormalities. It is characterized by a high prevalence rate in women of childbearing age and highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations, which seriously harm women’s physical and mental health. Quercetin (QUR) is a natural compound of flavonoids found in a variety of foods and medicinal plants. It can intervene with the pathologic process of PCOS from multiple targets and channels and has few adverse reactions. It is mentioned in this review that QUR can improve ovulation disorder, relieve Insulin resistance (IR), reduce androgen, regulate lipid metabolism, regulate gut microbiota and improve vascular endothelial function, which is of great significance in the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fan Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wufan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chaoying Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shiqin Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- Department of Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; (T.C.); (F.J.); (Y.Y.); (W.Z.); (C.W.); (S.Z.); (N.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Ramadhan RS, Algafari RN, Jarallah AL. Investigating pathogenic SNPs in androgen receptor with direct influence on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) became one of the main reasons for infertility in women. It has an obvious effect on phenotype represented by hirsutism, increased body mass index, obesity, and acne, while biochemical tests show adverse hormonal imbalance with hyperandrogenism as testosterone levels increases. From molecular level point of view, pathogenic SNPs may change CAG repeats number along androgen receptor (AR) resulting in altered function of the gene causing different affinity to androgen hormones.
Methods
Recruiting 150 patients diagnosed with PCOS for the study, genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using specifically designed exon 1 PCR primers employing gene walking technique. The resulting amplicons were sequenced and thoroughly analyzed for polymorphism and CAG repeats number.
Results
Data obtained from recruiting 150 patients diagnosed with PCOS showed that sequences X:67545209–67545742; X:67545503–67545739 of exon 1 harbored 7 SNPs altered secondary structure of the resulting protein and forced toward the use of CAA as synonymous codon instead of the normal CAGs stretches. This led to produced alternative mRNA that eventually changed nonsense-mediated mRNA decay mechanism.
Conclusion
Probability of PCOS in women with polymorphic AR gene is higher than others, especially women with high number of CAG stretches. The new finding and highlight of this study is that alternative codon usage (CAAs) to produce the same amino acid (Gln) and compensate the reduced number of CAG repeats number may be attributed to epigenetic mechanism to mitigate the adverse effect of such change and maintain a normal function of AR gene. This finding was not previously reported in former studies.
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23
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Zhao F, Wu L, Wang Q, Zhao X, Chen T, Yin C, Yan L, Yang X. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2-regulated alternative splicing of nuclear factor 1 C-type causes excessive granulosa cell proliferation in polycystic ovary syndrome. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13216. [PMID: 35293050 PMCID: PMC9055906 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder. Insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) serves as an HMGA2 target gene to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells (GCs). However, it is still unclear whether IGF2BP2 participates in the pathogenesis of PCOS as RNA binding protein (RBP). In this study, we aimed to elucidate IGF2BP2‐interacting transcripts, global transcriptome together with alternative splicing in GCs to eventually uncover potential mechanisms of PCOS pathogenesis. Materials and Methods The expression of IGF2BP2 in GCs from PCOS patients was detected using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT‐qPCR) and western blot. We captured IGF2BP2‐interacting transcripts, global transcriptome together with alternative splicing by RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP‐seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq). KGN cells transfected with IGF2BP2 overexpressing plasmids and nuclear factor 1 C‐type (NFIC) siRNAs, were applied to CCK‐8, EdU and TUNEL assays. Results IGF2BP2 was highly expressed in GCs from PCOS patients. As an RBP, it preferentially bound to the 3′and 5′UTRs of mRNAs with GGAC motif and a newly found GAAG motif. The overexpression of IGF2BP2 changed the transcriptome profile of KGN cells. IGF2BP2 functioned to regulate alternative splicing events and promote cell proliferation through inhibiting exon skipping events of NFIC. Conclusion In conclusion, we demonstrated that IGF2BP2 promotes GC proliferation via regulating alternative splicing of NFIC in PCOS. The findings help to better understand the roles of IGF2BP2 in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Zhao
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehan Zhao
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokui Yang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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24
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Jin C, Zou K, Xu Y, Yang H, Pan J. Elevated plasma pentraxin-3 in polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with hyperandrogenism: a case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:240. [PMID: 34856980 PMCID: PMC8641145 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) - a crucial humoral innate immunity component - is related to obesity and cardiovascular complications in women who suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the circulating PTX3 level in PCOS is still debated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate PTX3 plasma levels in PCOS women of childbearing age, and find possible endocrine/metabolic factors that could affect this level. METHODS A total of 360 women were enrolled: 120 PCOS women and 240 body mass index (BMI) matched normally ovulating women. Blood samples were collected on the third day of natural menstrual cycle or from the bleeding after progesterone withdrawal. The PTX3 concentration was measured by immunoassay. RESULTS The PTX3 plasma level was significantly higher in PCOS women compared to controls. There was a positive correlation between PTX3 plasma level and PCOS diagnosis, overweight, cycle length, serum LH to FSH ratio, estradiol, total testosterone (TT) on the third day of menstrual cycle, antral follicle count (AFC), as well as uric acid. Multivariant linear regression analysis indicated that participants' serum PTX3 levels were proportional to the circulating TT level, existence of PCOS, basal estradiol level and AFC. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the circulating PTX3 level was elevated in PCOS women and significantly associated with the presence of hyperandrogenism. This study provided the basis for further in-depth researches regarding PTX3 role in PCOS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kexin Zou
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, 200011, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, 200030, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiexue Pan
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, 200011, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, 200030, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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25
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High Maternal Serum Estradiol in First Trimester of Multiple Pregnancy Contributes to Small for Gestational Age via DNMT1-Mediated CDKN1C Upregulation. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1368-1378. [PMID: 34580843 PMCID: PMC8907102 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
High maternal serum estradiol (E2) levels in the first trimester of pregnancy are associated with a high incidence of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA). This study aimed to investigate the effect of first-trimester high maternal serum E2 levels on fetal growth and the underlying mechanisms in multiple pregnancies. Maternal serum E2 levels of women at 8 weeks of gestation were measured. The expression levels of imprinted genes and DNMT1 were determined by RT-qPCR, and KvDMR1 methylation in embryo tissue, placenta, and newborn cord blood samples was examined by bisulfite sequencing PCR. The effect of E2 on CDKN1C expression was investigated in HTR8 cells. The incidence of SGA was significantly higher in multiple pregnancies reduced to singleton than that in primary singleton pregnancies (11.4% vs. 2.9%) (P < 0.01) and multiple pregnancies reduced to twins than primary twins (38.5% vs. 27.3%) (P < 0.01). The maternal serum E2 level at 8 weeks of gestation increased with the number of fetuses and was negatively correlated with offspring birth weight. CDKN1C and DNMT1 expression was significantly upregulated in embryo tissue, placenta, and cord blood from multiple pregnancies. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between CDKN1C mRNA expression and KvDMR1 methylation levels. In HTR8 cells, DNMT1 mediated the estrogen-induced upregulation of CDKN1C, which might contribute to SGA. To minimize the risks of LBW and SGA, our findings suggest that abnormally high maternal serum E2 levels should be avoided during the first trimester of multiple pregnancies from assisted reproductive technology (ART).
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26
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Liu Y, Li X, Chen S, Wang L, Tan Y, Li X, Tang L, Zhang J, Wu D, Wu Y, Liu X, Zhu Y, Sheng J, Pan J, Jin L, Huang H. Comparison of Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiles of Human Fetal Tissues Conceived by in vitro Fertilization and Natural Conception. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:694769. [PMID: 34336842 PMCID: PMC8318003 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.694769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Assisted reproductive technology (ART) might induce adverse pregnancy outcomes and increase the risk of metabolic diseases in offspring' later life with unknown reasons. Here we evaluated the global methylation level and methylation profile of fetal tissue from elective terminations of pregnancy (ETP) after natural conception and multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Results Global methylation levels were comparable between the fetal tissue of ETP after natural conception group and MFPR after IVF-ET group. The methylation levels were lower in the hypermethylated regions of the MFPR group than in the ETP group, while the methylation levels were higher in the hypomethylated regions of the MFPR group. Heatmap visualization and hierarchical clustering of the candidate differentially methylated regions (DMRs) showed differences between the DMRs in the ETP and MFPR samples. We identified 196 differentially methylated regions that matched 164 genes between the ETP and MFPR groups. In the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, skeletal system morphogenesis and diabetes mellitus ranked first. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed 8 diseases and functional annotations associated with IVT-ET. In the MFPR group, the final validation showed lower methylation levels in gene bodies of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), higher methylation levels in the 1st exon and 5'UTR of thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and higher methylation levels in TSS1500 and TSS200 of interleukin 1 beta (IL1B). Conclusions ART does not alter global DNA methylation level, but influences DNA methylation variation in specific regions of human fetus in the early stage of life. Further studies are warranted to clarify the potential role of DNA methylation alterations in the gene expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinzhu Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Songchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing Tan
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaocui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Tang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathphysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiexue Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Tang T, Jiao J, Li D, Sun G, Lin L, Wang C, Wang S, Zou R, Liu W, Zhao Y, Wang X. The function of BAP18 on modulation of androgen receptor action in luteinized granulosa cells from normal weight women with and without PCOS. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 527:111228. [PMID: 33662476 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in reproductive-age women. In this study, BPTF associated protein of 18 kDa (BAP18) is decreased in luteinized granulosa cells (GCs) from PCOS women. BAP18 depletion significantly decreases CYP19A1 expression levels, leading to an abrogation in transfer capacity of androgen to estrogen in GCs. Also, BAP18 knockdown delays cell cycle G1 to S phase transition and induces cell apoptosis to decrease GCs proliferation. We also provide evidence showing BAP18 interacts with androgen receptor (AR) and enhances AR-mediated transactivation in GCs. Results indicate that AR or BAP18 recruits to androgen response elements (AREs) of CYP19A1 and FSHR, which are putative AR-induced genes in GCs. BAP18 interacts with Sp1 transcription factor and co-recruits to the promoter region of AR gene, resulting in AR transactivation in GCs. Taken together, these data provide new insights on the pathophysiology of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Tang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, China
| | - Ge Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Shengli Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Renlong Zou
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Wensu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110122, China.
| | - Xiuxia Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110004, China.
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28
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Pan J, Zhou C, Zhou Z, Yang Z, Dai T, Huang H, Jin L. Elevated ovarian pentraxin 3 in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1231-1237. [PMID: 33594624 PMCID: PMC8190429 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plays a crucial role in cumulus expansion and fertilization. The ovarian PTX3 level in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains uncertain. In the present study, we investigated the follicular PTX3 levels and found the influence of reproductive hormones on ovarian PTX3 concentration. METHODS This study was based on 204 healthy-weight women (102 PCOS and 102 normal ovulating subjects) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Follicular fluid (FF) was collected during oocyte retrieval. The PTX3 levels and other hormone levels in FF samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The PTX3 level in the follicle was significantly higher in the healthy-weight PCOS women than controls. Positive correlations were found between ovarian PTX3 level and the existence of PCOS, cycle length, basal LH to FSH ratio and TT in serum, antral follicle count, and ovarian insulin and androgen level, and inverse correlations with the basal serum PRL and ovarian SHBG. In multivariant linear regression analysis, the presence of PCOS diagnosis, participants' basal LH to FSH ratio, and ovarian androstenedione level were the main predictors of ovarian PTX3 level among the enrolled subjects. CONCLUSION Elevated ovarian PTX3 level supports the low-grade chronic inflammatory state in the follicles of PCOS. The existence of PCOS, disturbed pituitary gland, and ovarian hyperandrogenism might also be related to this state of low-grade chronic inflammation and could be a subject of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexue Pan
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chengliang Zhou
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhou
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zuwei Yang
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Tiantian Dai
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Zhejiang, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Li Jin
- The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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29
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Pan X, Li Q, Chen D, Gong W, Li N, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Chen Y, Yuan X. Alternative Splicing Dynamics of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary Axis During Pubertal Transition in Gilts. Front Genet 2021; 12:592669. [PMID: 33995469 PMCID: PMC8120244 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.592669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing of puberty in mammals marks the point at which reproduction becomes possible. Abnormalities in the timing of puberty may exert a series of negative effects on subsequent health outcomes. Alternative splicing (AS) has not only emerged as a significant factor in the transcription of genes but it is also reported to play a role in the timing of puberty. However, to date, the changes and dynamics of AS during the onset of puberty is extremely seldom explored. In the present study, we used gilts as a research model to investigated the dynamics of AS and differentially expressed AS (DEAS) events within the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis across pre-, in-, and post-puberty. We detected 3,390, 6,098, and 9,085 DEAS events in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary when compared across pre-, in-, and post-pubertal stages, respectively. Within the entire HPO axis, we also identified 22,889, 22,857, and 21,055 DEAS events in the pre-, in-, and post-pubertal stages, respectively. Further analysis revealed that the differentially spliced genes (DSGs) associated with staged DEAS events were likely to be enriched in the oxytocin signaling pathway, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and oocyte meiosis signaling pathway. The DSGs associated with DEAS events across the entire HPO axis were enriched in endocytosis signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Moreover. the ASs of TAC1, TACR3, CYP19A1, ESR1, ESRRA, and FSHR were likely to regulate the functions of the certain HPO tissues during the onset of puberty. Collectively, the AS dynamics and DEAS events were comprehensively profiled in hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary across the pre-, in-, and post-pubertal stages in pigs. These findings may enhance our knowledge of how puberty is regulated by AS and shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the timing of puberty in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danxia Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Liu M, Zhu H, Zhu Y, Hu X. Guizhi Fuling Wan reduces autophagy of granulosa cell in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome via restoring the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113821. [PMID: 33460753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Guizhi Fuling Wan (GFW) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to remove blood stasis and dissipate phlegm for treating gynecological diseases that was invented by Zhang Zhongjing in the Eastern Han dynasty. In recent years, GFW has been widely used to treat patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clinical and animal studies have shown that it is effective in the treatment of PCOS, but its mechanism is unknown. Generally, it works by regulating autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the effects and mechanism of GFW in PCOS rats with insulin resistance (IR) in order to provide better understanding of its observed clinical effects and a theoretical basis for the study of traditional Chinese medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 12 per group): 1) control, 2) PCOS model, 3) low-dose GFW, 4) medium-dose GFW, 5) high-dose GFW, 6) metformin, and 7) medium-dose GFW plus LY294002. In all non-control groups, we induced PCOS through daily letrozole combined with intragastric high-fat emulsion for 21 days. After treatment, rats were sacrificed and serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β-estradiol, fasting insulin (FINS), and fasting plasma glucose levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The LH/FSH ratios and HOMA-IR values were calculated. Ovarian morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and all follicles were counted under a microscope. MDC-positive vesicles were used as markers to detect autophagy, and the expression levels of p62, Beclin1, and LC3-II were examined by immunostaining. Western blotting was used to measure PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation, granulosa cell apoptosis, and autophagy. RESULTS Compared with the PCOS model group, GFW-treated rats had less atretic and cystic follicles, and more mature follicles and corpus lutea. The GFW-treated rats had lower serum T, LH, and FINS levels than the PCOS model group, as well as lower LH/FSH ratios and HOMA-IR values. GFW treatment resulted in significantly reduced levels of cleaved-Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-9, BAX, Beclin1, Atg5, and LC3-II. Phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR was significantly higher in GFW-treated rats compared with the PCOS model group. The phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR was decreased with the use of a PI3K antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that GFW inhibited granulosa cell autophagy and promoted follicular development to attenuate ovulation disorder in PCOS-IR rats. This was associated with activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Hongqiu Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine / Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China.
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31
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Saha P, Kumar S, Datta K, Tyagi RK. Upsurge in autophagy, associated with mifepristone-treated polycystic ovarian condition, is reversed upon thymoquinone treatment. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 208:105823. [PMID: 33484844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multi-factorial gynecological endocrine disorder. It affects fertility in women and also predisposes to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity etc. Earlier, significance of autophagy has been explored in PCOS-related metabolic disorders and during normal folliculogenesis. Increasing evidences reveal connection of autophagy with chronic inflammatory behaviour, an associated phenomena in polycystic ovaries. However, understanding of the association of autophagy with PCOS is still obscure. This study reveals that increased autophagy in mifepristone (RU486) treated KK-1 cells and in vivo PCO rat model is characterized by upregulated Androgen Receptor (AR) expression and downregulated PCO biomarker aromatase. The prevalence of autophagy has been observed to be concomitant with increased expression of two autophagic markers Beclin1 and MAP-LC3-II while the autophagy substrate p62/SQSTM1 was downregulated. Immunohistochemical staining revealed increased localization of MAP-LC3 in the compacted granulosa layers of the follicular cysts in the PCO model. The PCO rat models also demonstrated augmented levels of p65, the active subunit of NF-κB, which acts as a transcriptional regulator of several pro-inflammatory factors. NF-κB repressor and anti-inflammatory herbal drug thymoquinone, known to alleviate PCO condition, downregulated autophagy modules substantially. Pre-treatment with thymoquinone upregulated aromatase, reduced AR levels and decreased autophagic markers as well as p65 levels, simulating super-ovulated condition. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory phytochemical thymoquinone alleviated PCO condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Saha
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kasturi Datta
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India; Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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32
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Abstract
A critique of the literature that androgen deficit underlies women's sexual dysfunctions is provided. Although there is scant evidence that androgens are responsible, many aspects of androgen activity remain to be investigated. Research does link serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to women's sexual desire but apparently not via DHEA's androgenic activity. Current assessment and management of women's sexual dysfunction are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Basson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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33
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Tian L, Zou Y, Tan J, Wang Y, Chen J, Xia L, Xu L, Chen G, Wu Q, Huang O. Androgen receptor gene mutations in 258 Han Chinese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:31. [PMID: 33262817 PMCID: PMC7690241 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8-13% of reproductive-age females worldwide and mutations or aberrant expression of androgen receptor (AR) may cause the onset of this disease. In the present study, 258 samples from Han Chinese patients with PCOS were analyzed for the presence of AR mutations via sequencing of all coding exons of the AR gene. A total of five heterozygous missense mutations, namely p.V3M, p.Q72R, p.S158L, p.S176R and p.G396R, were identified in five of the patients. Among these, p.S158L was a novel mutation that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported previously. Although the remaining four mutations have been reported previously, they existed at low frequencies or were absent in the control subjects and in the Exome Aggregation Consortium database. The results of evolutionary conservation and in silico analysis revealed that the p.V3M, p.S158L and p.S176R mutations were pathogenic, whereas the p.Q72R and p.G396R mutations were benign. Compared with the patients with PCOS without AR mutations or with benign AR mutations, markedly lower estrogen levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection were observed in the three patients with PCOS with potentially pathogenic mutations. In addition, patients with PCOS with pathogenic mutations had lower numbers of oocytes; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Of note, these observations should be interpreted with caution due to the relatively small sample size in the present study. Therefore, a larger number of samples should be collected to validate the results of the present study in future studies. In summary, the present study identified three potential pathogenic mutations in 258 Han Chinese patients with PCOS and these mutations may have an implication in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jiangxi Medical College, Graduate School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yaoqing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jiangxi Medical College, Graduate School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jiangxi Medical College, Graduate School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Leizhen Xia
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lixian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ge Chen
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiongfang Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ouping Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jiangxi Medical College, Graduate School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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34
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Liu X, Sun C, Zou K, Li C, Chen X, Gu H, Zhou Z, Yang Z, Tu Y, Qin N, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Meng Y, Ding G, Liu X, Sheng J, Yu C, Huang H. Novel PGK1 determines SKP2-dependent AR stability and reprograms granular cell glucose metabolism facilitating ovulation dysfunction. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:103058. [PMID: 33096483 PMCID: PMC7581881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disordered folliculogenesis is a core characteristic of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and androgen receptors (ARs) are closely associated with hyperandrogenism and abnormalities in folliculogenesis in PCOS. However, whether the new AR binding partner phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) in granulosa cells (GCs) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PCOS remains unclear. Methods We identified the new AR binding partner PGK1 by co-IP (co-immunoprecipitation) in luteinized GCs, and reconfirmed by co-IP, co-localization and GST pull down assay, and checked PGK1 expression levels with qRT-PCR and western blotting. Pharmaceuticals rescue assays in mice, and metabolism assay, AR protein stability and RNA-seq of PGK1 targets in cells proved the function in PCOS. Findings PGK1 and AR are highly expressed in PCOS luteinized GCs and PCOS-like mouse ovarian tissues. PGK1 regulated glucose metabolism and deteriorated PCOS-like mouse metabolic disorder, and paclitaxel rescued the phenotype of PCOS-like mice and reduced ovarian PGK1 and AR protein levels. PGK1 inhibited AR ubiquitination levels and increased AR stability in an E3 ligase SKP2-dependent manner. Additionally, PGK1 promoted AR nuclear translocation, and RNA-seq data showed that critical ovulation-related genes were regulated by the PGK1-AR axis. Interpretation PGK1 regulated GCs metabolism and interacted with AR to regulate the expression of key ovulation genes, and also mediated cell proliferation and apoptosis, which resulted in the etiology of PCOS. This work highlights the pathogenic mechanism and represents a novel therapeutic target for PCOS. Funding National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China grant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changfa Sun
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Zou
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hangchao Gu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhou
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuwei Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoyao Tu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningxin Qin
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimei Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Meng
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolian Ding
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjin Yu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Diseases Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Su C, Wang F. Clinical and molecular findings in a family expressing a novel heterozygous variant of the G elongation factor mitochondrial 1 gene. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:173. [PMID: 33093908 PMCID: PMC7571333 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The identified mutations in the G elongation factor mitochondrial 1 (GFM1) gene have been associated with heterogeneous clinical features of an early-onset mitochondrial disease in only 25 families. The present study reports the case of two siblings with a novel GFM1 variant and their clinical and laboratory presentations, which included progressive hepatic encephalopathy, failure to thrive and persistent lactic acidemia. Both histological changes and diminished expression of the GFM1 protein were observed in the liver and kidney tissues of the index patient. Whole-exome and Sanger sequencing technologies were used to diagnose the index patient with defective GFM1 using amniocentesis at 32 weeks' gestation. Heterozygous mutations in the GFM1 gene were identified in both siblings: A novel mutation, C1576T in exon 13 inherited from their asymptomatic mother, resulting in a premature stop codon at amino acid position 526 and the previously reported G688A mutation on the boundary between exon 5 and intron 5-6, inherited from their asymptomatic father. In conclusion, the present study reports two siblings carrying a novel GFM1 variant with a rare fatal mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides a model for understanding polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) pathophysiology and updates the evidence on which it is based. Then, it highlights complimentary molecular genetic and epigenetic advances in understanding PCOS cause. RECENT FINDINGS Important studies into PCOS cause built on the 2014 discovery of a novel regulatory protein variant that underlies the typical PCOS steroidogenic abnormalities: DENND1A.V2 (differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic development, isoform 1A, variant 2). Over 30 DENND1A gene variants have been found, the vast majority upstream of the coding sequence and potentially regulatory. These variants are individually uncommon but collectively plausibly cause 50% of PCOS. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)/AMH receptor variants with decreased function possibly cause 6.7% of PCOS. DENNND1A was recently reported to belong to a signaling network that upregulates luteinizing hormone receptor expression and insulin mitogenic signaling. Prenatal androgen administration has proven to be a potent epigenetic regulator that causes transgenerational epigenomic changes in a mouse PCOS model with similarities to those in human PCOS and PCOS daughters. SUMMARY In addition to finding how gene variants contribute to PCOS pathogenesis, better understanding of androgen epigenetic mechanisms of action in diverse tissues can be expected to expand our understanding of PCOS pathogenesis.
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Chen Y, Lan T. Molecular Origin, Expression Regulation, and Biological Function of Androgen Receptor Splicing Variant 7 in Prostate Cancer. Urol Int 2020; 105:337-353. [PMID: 32957106 DOI: 10.1159/000510124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The problem of resistance to therapy in prostate cancer (PCa) is multifaceted. Key determinants of drug resistance include tumor burden and growth kinetics, tumor heterogeneity, physical barriers, immune system and microenvironment, undruggable cancer drivers, and consequences of therapeutic pressures. With regard to the fundamental importance of the androgen receptor (AR) in all stages of PCa from tumorigenesis to progression, AR is postulated to have a continued critical role in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Suppression of AR signaling mediated by the full-length AR (AR-FL) is the therapeutic goal of all AR-directed therapies. However, AR-targeting agents ultimately lead to AR aberrations that promote PCa progression and drug resistance. Among these AR aberrations, androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) is gaining attention as a potential predictive marker for as well as one of the resistance mechanisms to the most current anti-AR therapies in CRPC. Meanwhile, development of next-generation drugs that directly or indirectly target AR-V7 signaling is urgently needed. In the present review of the current literature, we have summarized the origin, alternative splicing, expression induction, protein conformation, interaction with coregulators, relationship with AR-FL, transcriptional activity, and biological function of AR-V7 in PCa development and therapeutic resistance. We hope this review will help further understand the molecular origin, expression regulation, and role of AR-V7 in the progression of PCa and provide insight into the design of novel selective inhibitors of AR-V7 in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Joint Logistic Support 940 Hospital of CPLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Urology, Joint Logistic Support 940 Hospital of CPLA, Lanzhou, China,
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Tu Y, Zheng G, Ding G, Wu Y, Xi J, Ge Y, Gu H, Wang Y, Sheng J, Liu X, Jin L, Huang H. Comparative Analysis of Lower Genital Tract Microbiome Between PCOS and Healthy Women. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1108. [PMID: 33013474 PMCID: PMC7506141 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) often have a history of infertility and poor pregnancy outcome. The character of the lower genital tract (LGT) microbiome of these patients is still unknown. We collected both vaginal and cervical canal swabs from 47 PCOS patients (diagnosed by the Rotterdam Criteria) and 50 healthy reproductive-aged controls in this study. Variable regions 3–4 (V3–4) were sequenced and analyzed. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) abundance was noted for all samples. Taxa that discriminated between PCOS and healthy women was calculated by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEFSe). Results from 97 paired vaginal and cervical canal samples collected from 97 women [mean age 30 (±4 years)] were available for analysis. Using the Rotterdam Criteria, 47 women were diagnosed with PCOS (PCOS, n = 47; control, n = 50). There was no significant difference between cervical canal microbiome and vaginal microbiome from the same individual, however, Lactobacillus spp. was less abundant in both vaginal and cervical canal microbiome of PCOS patients. Several non-Lactobacillus taxa including Gardnerella_vaginalis_00703mash, Prevotella_9_other, and Mycoplasma hominis, were more abundant in the LGT microbiota of PCOS patients. There is a difference between the microorganism in the LGT of patients with PCOS and healthy reproductive-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyong Zheng
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolian Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingzhou Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hangchao Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Sharma M, Barai RS, Kundu I, Bhaye S, Pokar K, Idicula-Thomas S. PCOSKB R2: a database of genes, diseases, pathways, and networks associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14738. [PMID: 32895427 PMCID: PMC7477240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome KnowledgeBase (PCOSKBR2) is a manually curated database with information on 533 genes, 145 SNPs, 29 miRNAs, 1,150 pathways, and 1,237 diseases associated with PCOS. This data has been retrieved based on evidence gleaned by critically reviewing literature and related records available for PCOS in databases such as KEGG, DisGeNET, OMIM, GO, Reactome, STRING, and dbSNP. Since PCOS is associated with multiple genes and comorbidities, data mining algorithms for comorbidity prediction and identification of enriched pathways and hub genes are integrated in PCOSKBR2, making it an ideal research platform for PCOS. PCOSKBR2 is freely accessible at http://www.pcoskb.bicnirrh.res.in/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Sharma
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Ram Shankar Barai
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Indra Kundu
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Sameeksha Bhaye
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Khushal Pokar
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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Zhang X, Xiao H, Zhang X, E Q, Gong X, Li T, Han Y, Ying X, Cherrington BD, Xu B, Liu X, Zhang X. Decreased microRNA-125b-5p disrupts follicle steroidogenesis through targeting PAK3/ERK1/2 signalling in mouse preantral follicles. Metabolism 2020; 107:154241. [PMID: 32304754 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperandrogenism is one of the major characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Abnormal miR-125b-5p expression has been documented in multiple diseases, but whether miR-125b-5p is associated with aberrant steroidogenesis in preantral follicles remains unknown. METHODS Steriod hormone concentrations and miR-125b-5p expression were measured in clinical serum samples from PCOS patients. Using a mouse preantral follicle culture model and a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, we investigated the mechanism underlying miR-125b-5p regulation of androgen and oestrogen secretion. RESULTS The decreased miR-125b-5p expression was observed in the sera from hyperandrogenic PCOS (HA-PCOS) patients. In mouse preantral follicles, inhibiting miR-125b-5p increased the expression of androgen synthesis-related genes and stimulated the secretion of testosterone, while simultaneously downregulating oestrogen synthesis-related genes and decreasing oestradiol release. Ectopically expressed miR-125b-5p reversed the effects on steroidogenesis-related gene expression and hormone release. Mechanistic studies identified Pak3 as a direct target of miR-125b-5p. Furthermore, inhibiting miR-125b-5p facilitated the activation of ERK1/2 in mouse preantral follicles, while inhibiting Pak3 abrogated this activating effect. These results were recapitulated in letrozole-induced PCOS mouse ovaries. Of note, inhibiting PAK3 antagonised the positive effect of miR-125b-5p siRNA on the expressions of androgen synthesis-related enzymes and testosterone secretion. Luteinizing hormone (LH) inhibited miR-125b-5p expression, and stimulated Pak3 expression. CONCLUSION High serum LH concentrations in PCOS patients repress miR-125b-5p expression, which further increases Pak3 expression, leading to activation of ERK1/2 signalling, thus stimulating the expression of androgen synthesis-related enzymes and testosterone secretion in HA-PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiukai E
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Brian D Cherrington
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Boqun Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuesen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Yu CJ, Liu X, Zhou ZY, Chen XJ, Meng YC, Gu HC, Xu JJ, Ding GL, Liu XM, Sheng JZ, Huang HF. The casein kinase 2α promotes the occurrence polycystic ovary syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:S0006-291X(20)30333-8. [PMID: 32081430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complicated reproductive endocrine disease characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and anovulation. Previous studies have revealed that androgen receptors (ARs) are strongly associated with hyperandrogenism and abnormalities in folliculogenesis in patients with PCOS. However, the kinases responsible for androgen receptor activity, especially in granulosa cells, and the role of casein kinase 2α (CK2α) specifically in the pathogenesis of PCOS, remain unknown. Here, we show that both CK2α protein and mRNA levels were higher in luteinized granulosa cells of patients with PCOS compared with non-PCOS, as well as in the ovarian tissues of mice with a dehydroepiandrosterone-induced PCOS-like phenotype, compared with controls. In addition, CK2α not only interacted with AR in vivo and in vitro, but it also phosphorylated and stabilized AR, triggering AR and ovulation related genes excessive expression. CK2α also promoted cell proliferation in the KGN cell line and inhibited apoptosis. Collectively, the finding highlighted that the CK2α-AR axis probably caused the etiology of the PCOS. Thus, CK2α might be a promising clinical therapeutic target for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Jin Yu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xia Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yang Zhou
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yi-Cong Meng
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hang-Chao Gu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guo-Lian Ding
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin-Mei Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
| | - He-Feng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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Zhou R, Li S, Liu J, Wu H, Yao G, Sun Y, Chen ZJ, Li W, Du Y. Up-regulated FHL2 inhibits ovulation through interacting with androgen receptor and ERK1/2 in polycystic ovary syndrome. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102635. [PMID: 32028069 PMCID: PMC6997507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ovulatory dysfunction mechanisms underlying polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are not completely understood. There is no effective therapy for PCOS so far. METHODS We measured the expression of four and a half LIM domain 2 (FHL2) and other related-genes in human granulosa cells (hGCs) from patients with and without PCOS. To minimise the heterogeneity of patients with PCOS, we only included PCOS patients meeting all three criteria according to the revised Rotterdam consensus. The in vitro effects of FHL2 on ovulatory genes and the underlying mechanisms were examined in KGN cells. The role of FHL2 in ovulation was investigated in vivo by overexpressing FHL2 in rat ovaries via intrabursal lentivirus injection. FINDINGS Increased FHL2 and androgen receptor (AR) expression and decreased CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) expression were observed in hGCs from patients with PCOS. FHL2 inhibited the expression of ovulation-related genes, including phosphorylated ERK1/2, C/EBPβ, COX2 and HAS2 in KGN cells. It was partially by interacting with AR to act as its co-regulator to inhibit C/EBPβ expression and by binding to ERK1/2 to inhibit its phosphorylation. Moreover, FHL2 abundance in hGCs was positively correlated with the basal serum testosterone concentration of patients with PCOS, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced FHL2 upregulation was mediated by AR signalling in KGN cells. Additionally, lentiviral-mediated functional FHL2 overexpression in rat ovaries for 1 week contributed to an impaired superovulatory response, displaying decreased numbers of retrieved oocytes and a lower MII oocyte rate. 3-week FHL2 overexpression rat models without superovulation led to acyclicity and polycystic ovary morphology. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PCOS, suggesting that FHL2 could be a potential treatment target for ovulatory obstacles in PCOS. FUND: National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health project and Shanghai Commission of Science and Technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiong Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Shang Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jiansheng Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Hasiximuke Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Guangxin Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China; National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
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Wen L, Liu Q, Xu J, Liu X, Shi C, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Xu H, Liu J, Yang H, Huang H, Qiao J, Tang F, Chen ZJ. Recent advances in mammalian reproductive biology. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:18-58. [PMID: 31813094 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive biology is a uniquely important topic since it is about germ cells, which are central for transmitting genetic information from generation to generation. In this review, we discuss recent advances in mammalian germ cell development, including preimplantation development, fetal germ cell development and postnatal development of oocytes and sperm. We also discuss the etiologies of female and male infertility and describe the emerging technologies for studying reproductive biology such as gene editing and single-cell technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Third Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Third Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Third Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chaoyi Shi
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zuwei Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yili Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hong Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Third Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Third Hospital, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, 250021, China.
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44
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Prenatal androgen exposure and transgenerational susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Med 2019; 25:1894-1904. [DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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45
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Sørensen AE, Udesen PB, Maciag G, Geiger J, Saliani N, Januszewski AS, Jiang G, Ma RC, Hardikar AA, Wissing MLM, Englund ALM, Dalgaard LT. Hyperandrogenism and Metabolic Syndrome Are Associated With Changes in Serum-Derived microRNAs in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:242. [PMID: 31737638 PMCID: PMC6839444 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains one of the most common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women with an unfavorable metabolic risk profile. Here, we investigate whether biochemical hyperandrogenism, represented by elevated serum free testosterone, resulted in an aberrant circulating microRNA (miRNAs) expression profile and whether miRNAs can identify those PCOS women with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Accordingly, we measured serum levels of miRNAs as well as biochemical markers related to MetS in a case-control study of 42 PCOS patients and 20 Controls. Patients were diagnosed based on the Rotterdam consensus criteria and stratified based on serum free testosterone levels (≥0.034 nmol/l) into either a normoandrogenic (n = 23) or hyperandrogenic (n = 19) PCOS group. Overall, hyperandrogenic PCOS women were more insulin resistant compared to normoandrogenic PCOS women and had a higher prevalence of MetS. A total of 750 different miRNAs were analyzed using TaqMan Low-Density Arrays. Altered levels of seven miRNAs (miR-485-3p, -1290, -21-3p, -139-3p, -361-5p, -572, and -143-3p) were observed in PCOS patients when compared with healthy Controls. Stratification of PCOS women revealed that 20 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the three groups. Elevated serum free testosterone levels, adjusted for age and BMI, were significantly associated with five miRNAs (miR-1290, -20a-5p, -139-3p, -433-3p, and -361-5p). Using binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), a combination panel of three miRNAs (miR-361-5p, -1225-3p, and -34-3p) could correctly identify all of the MetS cases within the PCOS group. This study is the first to report comprehensive miRNA profiling in different subgroups of PCOS women with respect to MetS and suggests that circulating miRNAs might be useful as diagnostic biomarkers of MetS for a different subset of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja E Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Odense University Hospital, The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pernille B Udesen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Grzegorz Maciag
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Julian Geiger
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Negar Saliani
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Andrzej S Januszewski
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald C Ma
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Anandwardhan A Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Marie Louise M Wissing
- Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Anne Lis M Englund
- Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Louise T Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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46
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Zhang C, Luo X, Chen J, Zhou B, Yang M, Liu R, Liu D, Gu HF, Zhu Z, Zheng H, Li L, Yang G. Osteoprotegerin Promotes Liver Steatosis by Targeting the ERK-PPAR-γ-CD36 Pathway. Diabetes 2019; 68:1902-1914. [PMID: 31292134 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous cross-sectional studies have established that circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of OPG in metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and NAFLD, is still unclear. In the current study, we demonstrated that hepatic OPG expression was downregulated in NAFLD individuals and in obese mice. OPG deficiency decreased lipid accumulation and expression of CD36 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in the livers of OPG-/- mice and cultured cells, respectively, whereas OPG overexpression elicited the opposite effects. The stimulatory role of OPG in lipid accumulation was blocked by CD36 inactivation in hepatocytes isolated from CD36-/- mice. The overexpression of OPG led to a decrease in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in the livers of OPG-/- mice and in cultured cells, while OPG deficiency resulted in the opposite effect. The inhibition of PPAR-γ or the activation of ERK blocked the induction of CD36 expression by OPG in cultured cells. Mechanistically, OPG facilitated CD36 expression by acting on PPAR response element (PPRE) present on the CD36 promoter. Taken together, our study revealed that OPG signaling promotes liver steatosis through the ERK-PPAR-γ-CD36 pathway. The downregulation of OPG in NAFLD might be a compensatory response of the body to dampen excess hepatic fat accumulation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohe Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baoyong Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengliu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Harvest F Gu
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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47
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Luo J, Ye H, Hao L, Sun Y, Li R, Li Y, Yang Z. SRSFs mediate the function of AR in the ovarian granulosa cells of patients with PCOS. Genes Dis 2019; 8:94-109. [PMID: 33569518 PMCID: PMC7859457 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hyperandrogenism is one of the characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and androgen receptor (AR) in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) functions as an important element to the accumulation of androgens. This study verified the existence of alternative splicing variant of AR (AR-SVs) in the GCs of PCOS patients and found that the function of AR decreased significantly in the presence of AR-SVs. And compared to the normal individuals, the expression of Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2(SRSF2) was higher and the expression of SRSF3 was lower in the GCs of patients with AR-SVs. More importantly, we found that the expression of SRSF2 was inhibited and that the expression of AR was decreased after the successful upregulation of miRNA-183, and testostrone (T) concentrations in the culture medium were increased. The results also showed that the expression of SRSF3 decreased when miRNA-124 was successfully upregulated, while the expression of AR significantly increased; however, the function of AR was also inhibited when T concentration in the culture medium was increased. This study has proved that SRSFs are regulated by corresponding miRNAs, and the altered expression of SRSFs interferenced the alternative splicing process of AR and ultimately decreased the function of AR, leading to the accumulation of androgens in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Luo
- Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hong Ye
- Gynecologic Endocrinology of Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lijuan Hao
- Gynecologic Endocrinology of Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ruohan Li
- Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yanxi Li
- Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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48
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Gao X, Wang N, Jia J, Wang P, Zhang A, Qin X. Chemical profliling of Dingkun Dan by ultra High performance liquid chromatography Q exactive orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 177:112732. [PMID: 31568965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dingkun Dan (DKD) has been widely used for a variety of gynecological disease. However, the systematic analysis of the chemical constituents of DKD has not been well established because of the complexity of the formula and confidentiality. In this paper, liquid chromatography Q Exactive high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-HRMS) with automated MetaboLynx analysis was established to characterize the chemical constituents of DKD. The analysis was performed on a Water Acquity UPLC® HSS T3 using a gradient elution system. Full scan ranged 100-1500 m/z in positive and negative ion mode combined with MS/MS fragmentation for top 5 ions was proposed for aiding the structural identification of the components. All of the peaks were tentatively characterized by not only comparing the retention time and MS data with those from reported literature and database, but also summarizing the fragmentation pathways and promoting to other ingredients identification. Additionally, the network pharmacology study had been used to analysis the identified ingredients and DKD's clinical diseases. In this work, a total of 121 components and isomers were characterized, including amino acids, phenolic acids, lactones, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and other compounds. Network pharmacology analysis showed that identified compounds, such as ginsenosides and notoginsenosides, crocin I, echinacoside, rutin and verbascoside, could be responsible for the pharmacological activity of DKD by regulating the hormone with related metabolism pathways, estrogen signaling pathways and serotonergic synapse pathways. It could indicate that UHPLC-MS showed obvious superiority used to find the potential bioactive compounds of complicated TCM formula without the process of extraction and isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinping Jia
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- Shanxi Guangyuyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., 030800, 1 Guangyuyuan Road, Taigu, China
| | - Airong Zhang
- Shanxi Guangyuyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., 030800, 1 Guangyuyuan Road, Taigu, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, 030006, Taiyuan, China.
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49
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Guo M, Zhou C, Xu G, Tang L, Ruan Y, Yu Y, Lin X, Wu D, Chen H, Yu P, Jin L, Wang Y, Wu Y, Ullah K, Rahman TU, Liu X, Sheng J, Chan HC, Huang H. An alternative splicing variant of mineralocorticoid receptor discovered in preeclampsia tissues and its effect on endothelial dysfunction. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 63:388-400. [PMID: 31197761 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE) remains unclear. PE spiral artery remodeling dysfunction and PE offspring cardiovascular future development has been a worldwide concern. We collected placental and umbilical artery samples from nor-motensive and PE pregnancies. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and its alternative splicing variant (ASV) expression and their biological effects on PE were examined. An MR ASV was found to be highly expressed in all PE samples and slightly expressed in about half of the normotensive samples (umbilical artery, ~57.58%; placenta, ~36.84%). The MR ASV expression was positively associated with blood pressure in both groups. The MR ASV protein changed the aldosterone-induced expression pattern of MR target genes related to ion exchanges and cell signaling pathways. The MR ASV can also impair the proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability of endothelial cells. These findings indicate that MR ASV in PE placenta plays a pathogenic role in PE pathophysiology, especially in endothelial dysfunction, and the existence of the MR ASV in PE umbilical artery provides a new direction in the study of PE offspring with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Guo
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chengliang Zhou
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gufeng Xu
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin Tang
- International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yechun Ruan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianhua Lin
- International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Priscilla Yu
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Luyang Jin
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinyu Wang
- International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yimei Wu
- International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Kamran Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tanzil Ur Rahman
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hsiao-Chang Chan
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, 20030, China.
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50
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Li S, Sun Q, Wu Q, Gui W, Zhu G, Schlenk D. Endocrine disrupting effects of tebuconazole on different life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:1049-1059. [PMID: 31146311 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole is a widely used fungicide that has been detected in water ecosystems, of which the concentrations may affect the endocrine function of aquatic organisms. At present study, tissue-specific bioaccumulation of tebuconazole was found in ovary of adult zebrafish, indicating a potential risk of endocrine disruption. In order to evaluate the potential endocrine disrupting effects, three life stages (2 hpf (hours post-fertilization) -60 dpf (days post-fertilization), Stage I; 60-120 dpf, Stage II; 180-208 dpf, Stage III) of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were chronically exposed to tebuconazole at the concentrations ranging from 0.05 mg/L to 1.84 mg/L. Result showed that exposed to tebuconazole could lead to a male-biased sex differentiation in juvenile zebrafish and significant decrease of the percentage of germ cells in sexually-mature zebrafish. Egg production was significantly inhibited by 57.8% and 19.2% after Stage II- and Stage III-exposures, respectively. The contents of 17β-estradiol in gonad decreased by 63.5% when exposed to 0.20 mg/L tebuconazole at Stage II and by 49.5% after exposed to 0.18 mg/L tebuconazole at Stage III, respectively. For all stages exposure, reductions in 17β-estradiol/testosterone ratio were observed, indicating an imbalance in steroids synthesis. Additionally, tebuconazole reduced the expression of cyp19a, which was consistent with the decrease of E2 level. In overall, the present findings indicated that, playing as an anti-estrogen-like chemical, tebuconazole inhibited the expression of Cyp19, thereby impairing steroid hormones biosynthesis, leading to a diminished fecundity of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Li
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR, China
| | - Wenjun Gui
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR, China.
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR, China
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
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