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Mei R, Wan Z, Yang C, Shen X, Wang R, Zhang H, Yang R, Li J, Song Y, Su H. Advances and clinical challenges of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421854. [PMID: 39100671 PMCID: PMC11294097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cell therapy has provided desirable properties for promising new drugs. Mesenchymal stem cells are promising candidates for developing genetic engineering and drug delivery strategies due to their inherent properties, including immune regulation, homing ability and tumor tropism. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells is being investigated for cancer therapy, inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, among others. Mesenchymal stem cells are attractive cellular carriers for synthetic nanoparticles for drug delivery due to their inherent homing ability. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the various genetic and non-genetic strategies of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in drug delivery, tumor therapy, immune regulation, tissue regeneration and other fields. In addition, we discuss the current limitations of stem cell therapy and the challenges in clinical translation, aiming to identify important development areas and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyan Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhuo Wan
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangjing Shen
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ronglin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haichuan Su
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Kanda P, Gupta A, Dhillon J, Kundapur D, Gottlieb CC. Mesenchymal stem cell based therapies for uveitis: a systematic review of preclinical studies. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:1845-1854. [PMID: 38600361 PMCID: PMC11226430 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has shown promising results for treating uveitis in preclinical studies. As the field continues to grow towards clinical translation, it is important to review and critically appraise existing studies. Herein, we analysed and critically appraised all preclinical studies using cell therapy or cell derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) for uveitis, and provided insight into mechanisms regulating ocular inflammation. We used PubMed, Medline, and Embase to search for preclinical studies examining stem cell therapy (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells [MSC]) and secreted EVs. All included studies were assessed for quality using the SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) checklist. Sixteen preclinical studies from 2011 to 2022 were analysed and included in this review of which 75% (n = 12) focused only on cell therapy, 18.7% (n = 3) studies focused on EVs, and 6.3% (n = 1) study focused on both cells and EVs. MSCs were the most common type of cells used in preclinical studies (n = 15) and EVs were commonly isolated from MSCs (n = 3). Overall, both MSCs and EVs showed improvements in ocular inflammation (seen on fundoscopy/slit lamp and histology) and electroretinogram outcomes. Overall, MSC and MSC-derived EVs shown great potential as therapeutic agents for treating uveitis. Unfortunately, small sample size, risk of selection/performance bias, and lack of standardized cell harvesting or delivery protocols are some factors which limits clinical translation. Large scaled, randomized preclinical studies are required to understand the full potential of MSCs for treating uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnav Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Chloe C Gottlieb
- Eye Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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3
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Lee HJ, Choi YR, Ko JH, Ryu JS, Oh JY. Defining mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells using single-cell transcriptomics. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1970-1983. [PMID: 38627968 PMCID: PMC11184332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) modulate the immune response through interactions with innate immune cells. We previously demonstrated that MSCs alleviate ocular autoimmune inflammation by directing bone marrow cell differentiation from pro-inflammatory CD11bhiLy6ChiLy6Glo cells into immunosuppressive CD11bmidLy6CmidLy6Glo cells. Herein, we analyzed MSC-induced CD11bmidLy6Cmid cells using single-cell RNA sequencing and compared them with CD11bhiLy6Chi cells. Our investigation revealed seven distinct immune cell types including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the CD11bmidLy6Cmid cells, while CD11bhiLy6Chi cells included mostly monocytes/macrophages with a small cluster of neutrophils. These MSC-induced MDSCs highly expressed Retnlg, Cxcl3, Cxcl2, Mmp8, Cd14, and Csf1r as well as Arg1. Comparative analyses of CSF-1RhiCD11bmidLy6Cmid and CSF-1RloCD11bmidLy6Cmid cells demonstrated that the former had a homogeneous monocyte morphology and produced elevated levels of interleukin-10. Functionally, these CSF-1RhiCD11bmidLy6Cmid cells, compared with the CSF-1RloCD11bmidLy6Cmid cells, inhibited CD4+ T cell proliferation and promoted CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg expansion in culture and in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Resistin-like molecule (RELM)-γ encoded by Retnlg, one of the highly upregulated genes in MSC-induced MDSCs, had no direct effects on T cell proliferation, Treg expansion, or splenocyte activation. Together, our study revealed a distinct transcriptional profile of MSC-induced MDSCs and identified CSF-1R as a key cell-surface marker for detection and therapeutic enrichment of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Lee
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoo Rim Choi
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Ko
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jin Suk Ryu
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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Yuan F, Zhang R, Li J, Lei Q, Wang S, Jiang F, Guo Y, Xiang M. CCR5-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells protect against experimental autoimmune uveitis: insights from single-cell transcriptome analysis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:136. [PMID: 38802924 PMCID: PMC11131209 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune uveitis is a leading cause of severe vision loss, and animal models provide unique opportunities for studying its pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Here we employ scRNA-seq, RNA-seq and various molecular and cellular approaches to characterize mouse models of classical experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), revealing that EAU causes broad retinal neuron degeneration and marker downregulation, and that Müller glia may act as antigen-presenting cells. Moreover, EAU immune response is primarily driven by Th1 cells, and results in dramatic upregulation of CC chemokines, especially CCL5, in the EAU retina. Accordingly, overexpression of CCR5, a CCL5 receptor, in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhances their homing capacity and improves their immunomodulatory outcomes in preventing EAU, by reducing infiltrating T cells and activated microglia and suppressing Nlrp3 inflammasome activation. Taken together, our data not only provide valuable insights into the molecular characteristics of EAU but also open an avenue for innovative MSC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jiani Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qiannan Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fanying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Mengqing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Mukkala AN, Jerkic M, Khan Z, Szaszi K, Kapus A, Rotstein O. Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Require Mitochondrial Transfer and Quality Control. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15788. [PMID: 37958771 PMCID: PMC10647450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their beneficial effects in an array of diseases, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) have been the focus of intense preclinical research and clinical implementation for decades. MSCs have multilineage differentiation capacity, support hematopoiesis, secrete pro-regenerative factors and exert immunoregulatory functions promoting homeostasis and the resolution of injury/inflammation. The main effects of MSCs include modulation of immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes), secretion of antimicrobial peptides, and transfer of mitochondria (Mt) to injured cells. These actions can be enhanced by priming (i.e., licensing) MSCs prior to exposure to deleterious microenvironments. Preclinical evidence suggests that MSCs can exert therapeutic effects in a variety of pathological states, including cardiac, respiratory, hepatic, renal, and neurological diseases. One of the key emerging beneficial actions of MSCs is the improvement of mitochondrial functions in the injured tissues by enhancing mitochondrial quality control (MQC). Recent advances in the understanding of cellular MQC, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, fission, and fusion, helped uncover how MSCs enhance these processes. Specifically, MSCs have been suggested to regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α)-dependent biogenesis, Parkin-dependent mitophagy, and Mitofusins (Mfn1/2) or Dynamin Related Protein-1 (Drp1)-mediated fission/fusion. In addition, previous studies also verified mitochondrial transfer from MSCs through tunneling nanotubes and via microvesicular transport. Combined, these effects improve mitochondrial functions, thereby contributing to the resolution of injury and inflammation. Thus, uncovering how MSCs affect MQC opens new therapeutic avenues for organ injury, and the transplantation of MSC-derived mitochondria to injured tissues might represent an attractive new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Naraiah Mukkala
- Unity Health Toronto, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (A.N.M.); (Z.K.); (K.S.); (A.K.); (O.R.)
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mirjana Jerkic
- Unity Health Toronto, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (A.N.M.); (Z.K.); (K.S.); (A.K.); (O.R.)
| | - Zahra Khan
- Unity Health Toronto, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (A.N.M.); (Z.K.); (K.S.); (A.K.); (O.R.)
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Katalin Szaszi
- Unity Health Toronto, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (A.N.M.); (Z.K.); (K.S.); (A.K.); (O.R.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Andras Kapus
- Unity Health Toronto, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (A.N.M.); (Z.K.); (K.S.); (A.K.); (O.R.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Ori Rotstein
- Unity Health Toronto, The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (A.N.M.); (Z.K.); (K.S.); (A.K.); (O.R.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
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Ortiz GGR, Zaidi NH, Saini RS, Ramirez Coronel AA, Alsandook T, Hadi Lafta M, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Amin AH, Maaliw Iii RR. The developing role of extracellular vesicles in autoimmune diseases: special attention to mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110531. [PMID: 37437434 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are complex, chronic inflammatory conditions initiated by the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens. Nowadays, there is no effective and useful therapy for autoimmune diseases, and the existing medications have some limitations due to their nonspecific targets and side effects. During the last few decades, it has been established that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory functions. It is proposed that MSCs can exert an important therapeutic effect on autoimmune disorders. In parallel with these findings, several investigations have shown that MSCs alleviate autoimmune diseases. Intriguingly, the results of studies have demonstrated that the effective roles of MSCs in autoimmune diseases do not depend on direct intercellular communication but on their ability to release a wide spectrum of paracrine mediators such as growth factors, cytokines and extracellular vehicles (EVs). EVs that range from 50 to 5,000 nm were produced by almost any cell type, and these nanoparticles participate in homeostasis and intercellular communication via the transfer of a broad range of biomolecules such as modulatory proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), lipids, cytokines, and metabolites. EVs derived from MSCs display the exact properties of MSCs and can be safer and more beneficial than their parent cells. In this review, we will discuss the features of MSCs and their EVs, EVs biogenesis, and their cargos, and then we will highlight the existing discoveries on the impacts of EVs from MSCs on autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis rheumatic, inflammatory bowel disease, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune liver diseases, Sjögren syndrome, and osteoarthritis, suggesting a potential alternative for autoimmune conditions therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovanny Genaro Reivan Ortiz
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Neelam Hazoor Zaidi
- Umanand Prasad School of Medicine and Health Science, The University of Fiji, Saweni Campus, Lautoka, Fiji
| | | | | | - Tahani Alsandook
- Dentistry Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Renato R Maaliw Iii
- College of Engineering, Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines.
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7
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Wang Y, Gao T, Li W, Tai C, Xie Y, Chen D, Liu S, Huang F, Wang W, Chen Y, Wang B. Engineered clinical-grade mesenchymal stromal cells combating SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants by secreting effective neutralizing antibodies. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:160. [PMID: 37653459 PMCID: PMC10470189 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 becomes life-threatening for the older and immunocompromised individuals, whereas limited treatment is available on these populations. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been reported to be useful in SARS-CoV-2 treatment and reduce SARS-CoV-2-related sequelae. RESULTS In this study, we developed an autonomous cellular machine to secret neutralizing antibody in vivo constantly based on the clinical-grade MSCs, to combat SARS-CoV-2 infections. First, various modified recombinant plasmids were constructed and transfected into clinical-grade MSCs by electroporation, for assembly and expression of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Second, the stable antibody secreting MSCs clones were screened through pseudovirus neutralization assay. Finally, we investigated the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of neutralizing antibody secreted by engineered MSCs in vivo. The stable clinical-grade MSCs clones, expressing XGv347-10 and LY-CoV1404-5 neutralizing antibodies, exhibited their feasibility and protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Transplanted engineered clinical-grade MSCs effectively delivered the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the lung, and the immune hyperresponsiveness caused by COVID-19 was coordinated by MSC clones through inhibiting the differentiation of CD4 + T cells into Th1 and Th17 subpopulations. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that engineered clinical-grade MSCs secreting effective neutralizing antibodies as cellular production machines had the potential to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection, which provided a new avenue for effectively treating the older and immunocompromised COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Tianyun Gao
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - WanTing Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing, 21000, China
| | - Chenxu Tai
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 21000, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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Schrodt MV, Behan-Bush RM, Liszewski JN, Humpal-Pash ME, Boland LK, Scroggins SM, Santillan DA, Ankrum JA. Efferocytosis of viable versus heat-inactivated MSC induces human monocytes to distinct immunosuppressive phenotypes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:206. [PMID: 37592321 PMCID: PMC10433682 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can occur through trophic factor mechanisms, however, intravenously infused MSCs are rapidly cleared from the body yet a potent immunotherapeutic response is still observed. Recent work suggests that monocytes contribute to the clearance of MSCs via efferocytosis, the body's natural mechanism for clearing dead and dying cells in a non-inflammatory manner. This begs the questions of how variations in MSC quality affect monocyte phenotype and if viable MSCs are even needed to elicit an immunosuppressive response. METHODS Herein, we sought to dissect MSC's trophic mechanism from their efferocytic mechanisms and determine if the viability of MSCs prior to efferocytosis influences the resultant phenotype of monocytes. We cultured viable or heat-inactivated human umbilical cord MSCs with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 24 h and observed changes in monocyte surface marker expression and secretion profile. To isolate the effect of efferocytosis from MSC trophic factors, we used cell separation techniques to remove non-efferocytosed MSCs before challenging monocytes to suppress T-cells or respond to inflammatory stimuli. For all experiments, viable and heat-inactivated efferocytic-licensing of monocytes were compared to non-efferocytic-licensing control. RESULTS We found that monocytes efferocytose viable and heat-inactivated MSCs equally, but only viable MSC-licensed monocytes suppress activated T-cells and suppression occurred even after depletion of residual MSCs. This provides direct evidence that monocytes that efferocytose viable MSCs are immunosuppressive. Further characterization of monocytes after efferocytosis showed that uptake of viable-but not heat inactivated-MSC resulted in monocytes secreting IL-10 and producing kynurenine. When monocytes were challenged with LPS, IL-2, and IFN-γ to simulate sepsis, monocytes that had efferocytosed viable MSC had higher levels of IDO while monocytes that efferocytosed heat inactivated-MSCs produced the lowest levels of TNF-α. CONCLUSION Collectively, these studies show that the quality of MSCs efferocytosed by monocytes polarize monocytes toward distinctive immunosuppressive phenotypes and highlights the need to tailor MSC therapies for specific indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Schrodt
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Riley M Behan-Bush
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Jesse N Liszewski
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Madeleine E Humpal-Pash
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Lauren K Boland
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Sabrina M Scroggins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Immune Based Diseases, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Immunology, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Donna A Santillan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Immune Based Diseases, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Immunology, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - James A Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA.
- , 103 S. Capitol St., 5621 SC, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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9
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Ko JH, Oh JY. Mesenchymal stromal cells regulate THP-1-differentiated macrophage cytokine production by activating Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:858-865. [PMID: 37125989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in macrophages converges inflammatory and metabolic signals from multiple receptors to regulate a cell's survival, metabolism and activation. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are well known to modulate macrophage activation, the effects of MSCs on the Akt/mTOR pathway in macrophages have not been elucidated. METHODS We herein investigated whether MSCs affect the Akt/mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway to regulate macrophage polarization. RESULTS Results showed that human bone marrow-derived MSCs induced activation of Akt and its downstream mTORC1 signaling in THP-1-differentiated macrophages in a p62/sequestosome 1-independent manner. Inhibition of Akt or mTORC1 attenuated the effects of MSCs on the suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12 production and the promotion of interleukin-10 and tumor growth factor-β1 in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide/ATP. Conversely, activation of Akt or mTORC1 reproduced and potentiated MSC effects on macrophage cytokine production. MSCs with cyclooxygenase-2 knockdown, however, failed to activate the Akt/mTORC1 signaling in macrophages and were less effective in the modulation of macrophage cytokine production than control MSCs. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that MSCs control THP-1-differentiated macrophage activation at least partly through upregulation of the Akt/mTORC1 signaling in a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwa Ko
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Gao Y, Duan R, Li H, Jiang L, Tao T, Liu X, Zhu L, Li Z, Chen B, Zheng S, Lin X, Su W. Single-cell analysis of immune cells on gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimental autoimmune uveitis. iScience 2023; 26:106729. [PMID: 37216113 PMCID: PMC10192653 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) have shown astonishing efficacy in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these immunosuppressive properties remain poorly understood. Here, we generated a lymph node single-cell transcriptomic atlas of GMSC-treated experimental autoimmune uveitis mice. GMSC exerted profound rescue effects on T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes. GMSCs rescued the proportion of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and increased the proportion of regulatory T cells. In addition to globally altered transcriptional factors (Fosb and Jund), we observed cell type-dependent gene regulation (e.g., Il17a and Rac1 in Th17 cells), highlighting the GMSCs' cell type-dependent immunomodulatory capacity. GMSCs strongly influenced the phenotypes of Th17 cells, suppressing the formation of the highly inflammatory CCR6-CCR2+ phenotype and enhancing the production of interleukin (IL) -10 in the CCR6+CCR2+ phenotype. Integration of the glucocorticoid-treated transcriptome suggests a more specific immunosuppressive effect of GMSCs on lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Runping Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Loujing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Tianyu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Xiuxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Zhaohuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Binyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Songguo Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Xianchai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51000, China
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Cortés-Morales VA, Chávez-Sánchez L, Rocha-Zavaleta L, Espíndola-Garibay S, Monroy-García A, Castro-Manrreza ME, Fajardo-Orduña GR, Apresa-García T, Gutiérrez-de la Barrera M, Mayani H, Montesinos JJ. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Cervical Cancer Promote M2 Macrophage Polarization. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071047. [PMID: 37048119 PMCID: PMC10093665 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages with the M2 phenotype promote tumor development through the immunosuppression of antitumor immunity. We previously demonstrated the presence of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in cervical cancer (CeCa-MSCs), suggesting an immune protective capacity in tumors, but to date, their effect in modulating macrophage polarization remains unknown. In this study, we compared the capacities of MSCs from normal cervix (NCx) and CeCa to promote M2 macrophage polarization in a coculture system. Our results demonstrated that CeCa-MSCs, in contrast to NCx-MSCs, significantly decreased M1 macrophage cell surface marker expression (HLA-DR, CD80, CD86) and increased M2 macrophage expression (CD14, CD163, CD206, Arg1) in cytokine-induced CD14+ monocytes toward M1- or M2-polarized macrophages. Interestingly, compared with NCx-MSCs, in M2 macrophages generated from CeCa-MSC cocultures, we observed an increase in the percentage of phagocytic cells, in the intracellular production of IL-10 and IDO, the capacity to decrease T cell proliferation and for the generation of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs. Importantly, this capacity to promote M2 macrophage polarization was correlated with the intracellular expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and upregulation of IL-10 in CeCa-MSCs. Furthermore, the presence of M2 macrophages was correlated with the increased production of IL-10 and IL-1RA anti-inflammatory molecules. Our in vitro results indicate that CeCa-MSCs, in contrast to NCx-MSCs, display an increased M2-macrophage polarization potential and suggest a role of CeCa-MSCs in antitumor immunity.
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12
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Tanoue Y, Tsuchiya T, Miyazaki T, Iwatake M, Watanabe H, Yukawa H, Sato K, Hatachi G, Shimoyama K, Matsumoto K, Doi R, Tomoshige K, Nagayasu T. Timing of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy Defines its Immunosuppressive Effects in a Rat Lung Transplantation Model. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231207177. [PMID: 37950374 PMCID: PMC10686017 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231207177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is being studied for its immunosuppressive effects. In organ transplantation, the amount of MSCs that accumulate in transplanted organs and other organs may differ depending on administration timing, which may impact their immunosuppressive effects. In vitro, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) suppress lymphocyte activation under cell-to-cell contact conditions. However, in vivo, it is controversial whether ADMSCs are more effective in accumulating in transplanted organs or in secondary lymphoid organs. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether the timing of ADMSC administration affects its immunosuppression ability in a rat lung transplantation model. In the transplantation study, rats were intramuscularly administered half the usual dose of tacrolimus (0.5 mg/kg) every 24 h after lung transplantation. ADMSCs (1 × 106) were administered via the jugular vein before (PreTx) or after (PostTx) transplantation. Cell tracking using quantum dots was performed. ADMSCs accumulated predominantly in the lung and liver; fewer ADMSCs were distributed in the grafted lung in the PreTx group than in the PostTx group. The rejection rate was remarkably low in the ADMSC-administered groups, particularly in the PostTx group. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels showed a greater tendency to decrease in the PreTx group than in the PostTx group. The proportion of regulatory T cells in the grafted lung 10 days after transplantation was higher in the PostTx group than in the PreTx group. PostTx administration suppresses rejection better than PreTx administration, possibly due to regulatory T cell induction by ADMSCs accumulated in the transplanted lungs, suggesting a mechanism different from that in heart or kidney transplantation that PreTx administration is more effective than PostTx administration. These results could help establish cell therapy using MSCs in lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Tanoue
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mayumi Iwatake
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hironosuke Watanabe
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- Division of Quantum Science, Technology, and Quantum Life Science, Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Division of Quantum Science, Technology, and Quantum Life Science, Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Go Hatachi
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shimoyama
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Doi
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Tomoshige
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Division of Surgery Oncology, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Mesenchymal stromal cells alleviate acute respiratory distress syndrome through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:307. [PMID: 36064538 PMCID: PMC9441842 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been considered a promising alternative for treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, there is significant heterogeneity in their therapeutic efficacy, largely owing to the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic activities of MSCs. Here, we hypothesize that the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), which is recognized as a neuroimmunological pathway, may be involved in the therapeutic mechanisms by which MSCs mitigate ARDS. Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bacterial lung inflammation models, we found that inflammatory cell infiltration and Evans blue leakage were reduced and that the expression levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) in lung tissue were significantly increased 6 hours after MSC infusion. When the vagus nerve was blocked or α7 nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (α7nAChR)-knockout mice were used, the therapeutic effects of MSCs were significantly reduced, suggesting that the CAP may play an important role in the effects of MSCs in ARDS treatment. Our results further showed that MSC-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) likely promoted ACh synthesis and release. Additionally, based on the efficacy of nAChR and α7nAChR agonists, we found that lobeline, the nicotinic cholinergic receptor excitation stimulant, may attenuate pulmonary inflammation and alleviate respiratory symptoms of ARDS patients in a clinical study (ChiCTR2100047403). In summary, we reveal a previously unrecognized MSC-mediated mechanism of CAP activation as the means by which MSCs alleviate ARDS-like syndrome, providing insight into the clinical translation of MSCs or CAP-related strategies for the treatment of patients with ARDS.
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Tang L, Zhu L, Zhao SY, Zhang WY, Li YZ. Reconstruction of Rabbit Anterior Cruciate Ligament by Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation Through a Weft-Knitted Silk Mesh Scaffold Covering a Whip-Shaped Core. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the feasibility of using whip core wrapped by silk weft knitted mesh sheath as a scaffold and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to reconstruct the rabbit anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), BMSC implantation using the mesh-whip scaffold was performed to
construct a BMSC-scaffold complex. Then, the BMSC-scaffold complex was implanted into an animal model of an ACL deficient rabbit. Regenerated ACLs were then taken from the animal model three and six months after implantation, followed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, quantitative
RT-PCR detection, as well as mechanical performance evaluation. The results showed that many Sharpey’s fibers had arranged regularly between the neo-ACL and the bone three months after surgery, and an interface structure formed six months after surgery. Regenerated ligaments contained
silk fibers and suficient collagen. Type I collagen, type III collagen, and tenascin-C were all highly expressed in the experimental group compared to the control group (no BMSC implantation) in the regenerated ligaments. In addition, the maximum pullout force values of neo-ACL in the three-
and six-month experimental groups were 70.6±17.8 N and 122.8±25.7 N, respectively. The findings suggest that BMSC implantation using the mesh-whip scaffold is a promising method to reconstruct rabbit ACL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lian Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhao
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue-Zhong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
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15
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Papait A, Ragni E, Cargnoni A, Vertua E, Romele P, Masserdotti A, Perucca Orfei C, Signoroni PB, Magatti M, Silini AR, De Girolamo L, Parolini O. Comparison of EV-free fraction, EVs, and total secretome of amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells for their immunomodulatory potential: a translational perspective. Front Immunol 2022; 13:960909. [PMID: 36052081 PMCID: PMC9424831 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.960909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) have unique immunomodulatory properties demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in various diseases in which the dysregulated immune system plays a major role. The immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative effects of MSCs, among which hAMSCs lie in the bioactive factors they secrete and in their paracrine activity, is well known. The mix of these factors (i.e., secretome) can be either freely secreted or conveyed by extracellular vesicles (EV), thus identifying two components in the cell secretome: EV-free and EV fractions. This study aimed to discern the relative impact of the individual components on the immunomodulatory action of the hAMSC secretome in order to obtain useful information for implementing future therapeutic approaches using immunomodulatory therapies based on the MSC secretome. To this aim, we isolated EVs from the hAMSC secretome (hAMSC-CM) by ultracentrifugation and validated the vesicular product according to the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) criteria. EVs were re-diluted in serum-free medium to maintain the EV concentration initially present in the original CM. We compared the effects of the EV-free and EV fractions with those exerted by hAMSC-CM in toto on the activation and differentiation of immune cell subpopulations belonging to both the innate and adaptive immune systems. We observed that the EV-free fraction, similar to hAMSC-CM in toto, a) decreases the proliferation of activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), b) reduces the polarization of T cells toward inflammatory Th subsets, and induces the induction of regulatory T cells; c) affects monocyte polarization to antigen-presenting cells fostering the acquisition of anti-inflammatory macrophage (M2) markers; and d) reduces the activation of B lymphocytes and their maturation to plasma cells. We observed instead that all investigated EV fractions, when used in the original concentrations, failed to exert any immunomodulatory effect, even though we show that EVs are internalized by various immune cells within PBMC. These findings suggest that the active component able to induce immune regulation, tested at original concentrations, of the hAMSC secretome resides in factors not conveyed in EVs. However, EVs isolated from hAMSC could exert actions on other cell types, as reported by others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Papait
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elsa Vertua
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pietro Romele
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alice Masserdotti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marta Magatti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonietta R. Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura De Girolamo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ornella Parolini,
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16
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Pischiutta F, Caruso E, Cavaleiro H, Salgado AJ, Loane DJ, Zanier ER. Mesenchymal stromal cell secretome for traumatic brain injury: Focus on immunomodulatory action. Exp Neurol 2022; 357:114199. [PMID: 35952763 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The severity and long-term consequences of brain damage in traumatic brain injured (TBI) patients urgently calls for better neuroprotective/neuroreparative strategies for this devastating disorder. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold great promise and have been shown to confer neuroprotection in experimental TBI, mainly through paracrine mechanisms via secreted bioactive factors (i.e. secretome), which indicates significant potential for a cell-free neuroprotective approach. The secretome is composed of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles; it may offer advantages over MSCs in terms of delivery, safety, and variability of therapeutic response for brain injury. Immunomodulation by molecular factors secreted by MSCs is considered to be a key mechanism involved in their multi-potential therapeutic effects. Regulated neuroinflammation is required for healthy remodeling of central nervous system during development and adulthood. Moreover, immune cells and their secreted factors can also contribute to tissue repair and neurological recovery following acute brain injury. However, a chronic and maladaptive neuroinflammatory response can exacerbate TBI and contribute to progressive neurodegeneration and long-term neurological impairments. Here, we review the evidence for MSC-derived secretome as a therapy for TBI. Our framework incorporates a detailed analysis of in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the effects of the secretome on clinically relevant neurological and histopathological outcomes. We also describe the activation of immune cells after TBI and the immunomodulatory properties exerted by mediators released in the secretome. We then describe how ageing modifies central and systemic immune responses to TBI and discuss challenges and opportunities of developing secretome based neuroprotective therapies for elderly TBI populations. Finally, strategies aimed at modulating the secretome in order to boost its efficacy for TBI will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pischiutta
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Caruso
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Helena Cavaleiro
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Stemmatters, Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Antonio J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - David J Loane
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.
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17
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Oh JY, Kim H, Lee HJ, Lee K, Barreda H, Kim HJ, Shin E, Bae EH, Kaur G, Zhang Y, Kim E, Lee JY, Lee RH. MHC Class I Enables MSCs to Evade NK-Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Exert Immunosuppressive Activity. Stem Cells 2022; 40:870-882. [PMID: 35852488 PMCID: PMC9512104 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are frequently used in clinical trials due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and lack of MHC class II. However, the levels of MHC classes I and II in MSCs are increased by inflammatory stimuli, raising concerns over potential adverse effects associated with allogeneic cell therapy. Also, it is unclear how the host immune response to MHC-mismatched MSCs affects the therapeutic efficacy of the cells. Herein, using strategies to manipulate MHC genes in human bone marrow-derived MSCs via the CRISPR-Cas9 system, plasmids, or siRNAs, we found that inhibition of MHC class I-not MHC class II-in MSCs lowered the survival rate of MSCs and their immunosuppressive potency in mice with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, specifically by increasing MSC vulnerability to natural killer (NK)-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A subsequent survey of MSC batches derived from 6 human donors confirmed a significant correlation between MSC survival rate and susceptibility to NK cells with the potency of MSCs to increase MHC class I level upon stimulation. Our overall results demonstrate that MHC class I enables MSCs to evade NK-cell-mediated cytotoxicity and exert immunosuppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Youn Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyemee Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangin Lee
- ToolGen, Inc., Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heather Barreda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunji Shin
- ToolGen, Inc., Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Bae
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Eunjae Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Ryang Hwa Lee
- Corresponding author: Ryang Hwa Lee, Molecular and Cellular Medicine Department, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, 1114 TAMU, 206 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
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18
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Zheng D, Bhuvan T, Payne NL, Heng TSP. Secondary Lymphoid Organs in Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy: More Than Just a Filter. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892443. [PMID: 35784291 PMCID: PMC9243307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic potential in inflammatory models of human disease. However, clinical translation has fallen short of expectations, with many trials failing to meet primary endpoints. Failure to fully understand their mechanisms of action is a key factor contributing to the lack of successful commercialisation. Indeed, it remains unclear how the long-ranging immunomodulatory effects of MSCs can be attributed to their secretome, when MSCs undergo apoptosis in the lung shortly after intravenous infusion. Their apoptotic fate suggests that efficacy is not based solely on their viable properties, but also on the immune response to dying MSCs. The secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) orchestrate immune responses and play a key role in immune regulation. In this review, we will discuss how apoptotic cells can modify immune responses and highlight the importance of MSC-immune cell interactions in SLOs for therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Tejasvini Bhuvan
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie L. Payne
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracy S. P. Heng
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tracy S. P. Heng,
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19
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Deo D, Marchioni M, Rao P. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Organ Transplantation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040791. [PMID: 35456625 PMCID: PMC9029865 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation is essential and crucial for saving and enhancing the lives of individuals suffering from end-stage organ failure. Major challenges in the medical field include the shortage of organ donors, high rates of organ rejection, and long wait times. To address the current limitations and shortcomings, cellular therapy approaches have been developed using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC). MSC have been isolated from various sources, have the ability to differentiate to important cell lineages, have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, allow immunosuppressive drug minimization, and induce immune tolerance towards the transplanted organ. Additionally, rapid advances in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have emerged that focus on either generating new organs and organ sources or maximizing the availability of existing organs. This review gives an overview of the various properties of MSC that have enabled its use as a cellular therapy for organ preservation and transplant. We also highlight emerging fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine along with their multiple sub-disciplines, underlining recent advances, widespread clinical applications, and potential impact on the future of tissue and organ transplantation.
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Yamada H, Naito R, Nishimura M, Kawakami R, Morinaga E, Morita Y, Shimizu M, Yoshimatsu G, Sawamoto O, Matsumoto S, Imafuku S, Sakata N, Kodama S. Xenotransplantation of neonatal porcine bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells improves diabetic wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Xenotransplantation 2022; 29:e12739. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Yamada
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Reiko Naito
- Department of Dermatology Fukuoka Central Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masuhiro Nishimura
- Research and Development Center Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Naruto Tokushima Japan
| | - Ryo Kawakami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Research Institute for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Eri Morinaga
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yuichi Morita
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimizu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Gumpei Yoshimatsu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Research Institute for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Osamu Sawamoto
- Research and Development Center Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Naruto Tokushima Japan
| | - Shinichi Matsumoto
- Research and Development Center Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc. Naruto Tokushima Japan
| | - Shinichi Imafuku
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Naoaki Sakata
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Research Institute for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shohta Kodama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation Faculty of Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Research Institute for Regenerative Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
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21
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Li Y, Ren X, Zhang Z, Duan Y, Li H, Chen S, Shao H, Li X, Zhang X. Effect of small extracellular vesicles derived from IL-10-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells on experimental autoimmune uveitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:100. [PMID: 35255957 PMCID: PMC8900327 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening intraocular inflammation mainly caused by immune dysregulation. The development of safe and effective therapeutic approaches is urgently needed. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to inhibit autoimmune responses; however, the immunosuppressive effect of MSC-sEVs is too weak for clinical transfer. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of IL-10-overexpressing MSC-sEVs (sEV-IL10) on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and studied the underlying mechanism. METHODS Mice were randomly grouped and received a single tail vein injection of different sEVs (50 μg) or PBS on day 11 post-immunization. The clinical and histological scores were graded, and the percentage of T helper cell was measured. To investigate the effect of sEVs on the proliferation of T-cells and the differentiation of Th1, Th17 and Treg cells, T-cells were cocultured with sEVs under the corresponding culture conditions. After labeled with PKH-26, sEVs were traced both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Compared with normal or vector sEV-treated groups, mice in the sEV-IL10-treated group had lower clinical and histological scores with lower percentages of Th1 and Th17 cells in the eyes and higher percentages of Treg cells in the spleen and draining lymph nodes (LN). Furthermore, sEV-IL10 enhanced the suppressive effect of MSC-sEVs on the proliferation of T-cells and differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells, whereas upregulated the differentiation of Treg cells. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that MSC-sEVs were rapidly enriched in target tissues and internalized by T-cells. CONCLUSION These results suggested that sEV-IL10 effectively ameliorates EAU by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of T-cells, indicating sEVs as a potential novel therapy for autoimmune uveitis or other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinjun Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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22
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Yu J, Li P, Li Z, Li Y, Luo J, Su W, Liang D. Topical Administration of 0.3% Tofacitinib Suppresses M1 Macrophage Polarization and Allograft Corneal Rejection by Blocking STAT1 Activation in the Rat Cornea. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:34. [PMID: 35353151 PMCID: PMC8976928 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.3.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose M1 macrophages can promote corneal allograft rejection (CGR). Inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization by the JAK/STAT1 pathway may be a new strategy to prevent CGR. Tofacitinib, a potent pan-JAK inhibitor, can inhibit JAK/STAT activation. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of tofacitinib on M1 macrophage polarization and its therapeutic effect on rat CGR. Methods Corneal allograft transplantation was performed and administrated with 0.3% tofacitinib in rats. The corneal allografts were assessed clinically. The corneas were detected for M1 macrophages, lymphatic vessels, and inflammatory cytokine expression using immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dendritic cells (DCs) in ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry. The effect and mechanism of tofacitinib on macrophages were explored by real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunoassay, and western blot analysis in vitro. Results The results showed that topical administration of 0.3% tofacitinib significantly prolonged corneal graft survival. Tofacitinib-treated corneal allografts displayed a proportionate decrease in M1 macrophages and reduced lymphatic vessel density with fewer DCs in rat ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes. Tofacitinib reduced the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, including iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and VEGF-C, and inhibited STAT1 activation in rat corneal grafts. In addition, tofacitinib suppressed M1 macrophage polarization via STAT1 activation after IFN-γ and lipopolysaccharide stimulation in vitro. Conclusions Tofacitinib could suppress M1 macrophage polarization and subsequently delay CGR by inhibiting STAT1 activation. The data indicate that tofacitinib is an effective drug for CGR. Translational Relevance This study provided evidence that topical administration of 0.3% tofacitinib may be a novel clinical strategy to prevent CGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yu
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.,Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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23
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Clinical efficacy and mechanism of mesenchymal stromal cells in treatment of COVID-19. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:61. [PMID: 35130977 PMCID: PMC8822653 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02743-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious epidemic disease that has seriously affected human health worldwide. To date, however, there is still no definitive drug for the treatment of COVID-19. Cell-based therapies could represent a new breakthrough. Over the past several decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have proven to be ideal candidates for the treatment of many viral infectious diseases due to their immunomodulatory and tissue repair or regeneration promoting properties, and several relevant clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 have been registered internationally. Herein, we systematically summarize the clinical efficacy of MSCs in the treatment of COVID-19 based on published results, including mortality, time to symptom improvement, computed tomography (CT) imaging, cytokines, and safety, while elaborating on the possible mechanisms underpinning the effects of MSCs, to provide a reference for subsequent studies.
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24
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Benny M, Courchia B, Shrager S, Sharma M, Chen P, Duara J, Valasaki K, Bellio MA, Damianos A, Huang J, Zambrano R, Schmidt A, Wu S, Velazquez OC, Hare JM, Khan A, Young KC. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:189-199. [PMID: 35298658 PMCID: PMC8929420 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a life-threatening condition in preterm infants with few effective therapies. Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic strategy for BPD. The ideal MSC source for BPD prevention is however unknown. The objective of this study was to compare the regenerative effects of MSC obtained from bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord tissue (UCT) in an experimental BPD model. In vitro, UCT-MSC demonstrated greater proliferation and expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines as compared to BM-MSC. Lung epithelial cells incubated with UCT-MSC conditioned media (CM) had better-wound healing following scratch injury. UCT-MSC CM and BM-MSC CM had similar pro-angiogenic effects on hyperoxia-exposed pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. In vivo, newborn rats exposed to normoxia or hyperoxia (85% O2) from postnatal day (P) 1 to 21 were given intra-tracheal (IT) BM or UCT-MSC (1 × 106 cells/50 μL), or placebo (PL) on P3. Hyperoxia PL-treated rats had marked alveolar simplification, reduced lung vascular density, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and lung inflammation. In contrast, administration of both BM-MSC and UCT-MSC significantly improved alveolar structure, lung angiogenesis, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and lung inflammation. UCT-MSC hyperoxia-exposed rats however had greater improvement in some morphometric measures of alveolarization and less lung macrophage infiltration as compared to the BM-MSC-treated group. Together, these findings suggest that BM-MSC and UCT-MSC have significant lung regenerative effects in experimental BPD but UCT-MSC suppresses lung macrophage infiltration and promotes lung epithelial cell healing to a greater degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merline Benny
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin Courchia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sebastian Shrager
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pingping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joanne Duara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Krystalenia Valasaki
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Bellio
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andreas Damianos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ronald Zambrano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Augusto Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omaida C Velazquez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joshua M Hare
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aisha Khan
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Karen C Young
- Corresponding author: Karen C. Young, MD, Batchelor Children’s Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, RM-345, Miami, FL 33136, USA. Tel: 305-243-4531;
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25
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Mo Y, Kim Y, Bang JY, Jung J, Lee CG, Elias JA, Kang HR. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Asthmatic Inflammation and Airway Remodeling by Modulating Macrophages/Monocytes in the IL-13-Overexpressing Mouse Model. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e40. [DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yosep Mo
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Bang
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun-Geun Lee
- Brown University, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Brown University, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Malekpour K, Hazrati A, Zahar M, Markov A, Zekiy AO, Navashenaq JG, Roshangar L, Ahmadi M. The Potential Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derived Exosomes for Orthopedic Diseases Treatment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:933-951. [PMID: 34169411 PMCID: PMC8224994 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are conditions that can affect muscles, bones, and joints. These disorders are very painful and severely limit patients' mobility and are more common in the elderly. MSCs are multipotent stem cells isolated from embryonic (such as the umbilical cord) and mature sources (such as adipose tissue and bone marrow). These cells can differentiate into various cells such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, NP-like cells, Etc. Due to MSC characteristics such as immunomodulatory properties, ability to migrate to the site of injury, recruitment of cells involved in repair, production of growth factors, and large amount production of extracellular vesicles, these cells have been used in many regenerative-related medicine studies. Also, MSCs produce different types of EVs, such as exosomes, to the extracellular environment. Exosomes reflect MSCs' characteristics and do not have cell therapy-associated problems because they are cell-free. These vesicles carry proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids to the host cell and change their function. This review focuses on MSCs and MSCs exosomes' role in repairing dense connective tissues such as tendons, cartilage, invertebrate disc, bone fracture, and osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziah Zahar
- Social Security Centre of Excellence, School of Business Management, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok Kedah, Malaysia
| | | | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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27
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Dunbar H, Weiss DJ, Rolandsson Enes S, Laffey JG, English K. The Inflammatory Lung Microenvironment; a Key Mediator in MSC Licensing. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112982. [PMID: 34831203 PMCID: PMC8616504 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy for various inflammatory conditions have highlighted the significant benefit to patients who respond to MSC administration. Thus, there is strong interest in investigating MSC therapy in acute inflammatory lung conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Unfortunately, not all patients respond, and evidence now suggests that the differential disease microenvironment present across patients and sub-phenotypes of disease or across disease severities influences MSC licensing, function and therapeutic efficacy. Here, we discuss the importance of licensing MSCs and the need to better understand how the disease microenvironment influences MSC activation and therapeutic actions, in addition to the need for a patient-stratification approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Dunbar
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland;
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, 226 Health Science Research Facility, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | - Sara Rolandsson Enes
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden;
| | - John G Laffey
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W2TY Galway, Ireland;
- Department of Anaesthesia, Galway University Hospitals, SAOLTA University Health Group, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland
| | - Karen English
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland;
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-7086290
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28
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Krampera M, Le Blanc K. Mesenchymal stromal cells: Putative microenvironmental modulators become cell therapy. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1708-1725. [PMID: 34624232 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An exceptional safety profile has been shown in a large number of cell therapy clinical trials that use mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, reliable potency assays are still lacking to predict MSC immunosuppressive efficacy in the clinical setting. Nevertheless, MSCs are approved in Japan and Europe for the treatment of graft-versus-host and Crohn's fistular diseases, but not in the United States for any clinical indication. We discuss potential mechanisms of action for the therapeutic effects of MSC transplantation, experimental models that dissect tissue modulating function of MSCs, and approaches for identifying MSC effects in vivo by integrating biomarkers of disease and MSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Krampera
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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29
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Sant'Ana AN, Araújo AB, Gonçalves FDC, Paz AH. Effects of living and metabolically inactive mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives on monocytes and macrophages. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1160-1176. [PMID: 34630856 PMCID: PMC8474715 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing stem cells that have great potential as cell therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, as well as for other clinical conditions, due to their immunoregulatory and regenerative properties. MSCs modulate the inflammatory milieu by releasing soluble factors and acting through cell-to-cell mechanisms. MSCs switch the classical inflammatory status of monocytes and macrophages towards a non-classical and anti-inflammatory phenotype. This is characterized by an increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, a decreased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and changes in the expression of cell membrane molecules and in metabolic pathways. The MSC modulation of monocyte and macrophage phenotypes seems to be critical for therapy effectiveness in several disease models, since when these cells are depleted, no immunoregulatory effects are observed. Here, we review the effects of living MSCs (metabolically active cells) and metabolically inactive MSCs (dead cells that lost metabolic activity by induced inactivation) and their derivatives (extracellular vesicles, soluble factors, extracts, and microparticles) on the profile of macrophages and monocytes and the implications for immunoregulatory and reparative processes. This review includes mechanisms of action exhibited in these different therapeutic approaches, which induce the anti-inflammatory properties of monocytes and macrophages. Finally, we overview several possibilities of therapeutic applications of these cells and their derivatives, with results regarding monocytes and macrophages in animal model studies and some clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Nedel Sant'Ana
- Laboratório de Células Tecidos e Genes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Bergmann Araújo
- Centro de Processamento Celular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana Helena Paz
- Laboratório de Células Tecidos e Genes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
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Liu H, Zhu X, Cao X, Chi A, Dai J, Wang Z, Deng C, Zhang M. IL-1β-primed mesenchymal stromal cells exert enhanced therapeutic effects to alleviate Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome through systemic immunity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:514. [PMID: 34563249 PMCID: PMC8466748 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) seriously affects patient health. Despite the elusiveness of innate therapeutic effects, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold great promise for inflammation-related diseases. Recent evidence indicates that disease-specific inflammatory cytokines could enhance the therapeutic effects of MSCs. METHODS By establishing a CP/CPPS mouse model and pretreating MSCs with the cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β), we studied the IL-1β-primed MSC immunoregulatory ability and targeted migration ability in vitro and in CP/CPPS mice. RESULTS IL-1β levels significantly increased in the prostate tissue and serum of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mice. Pretreatment with IL-1β enhanced the immunomodulatory potential and targeted migration of MSCs in vitro. Furthermore, intravenous infusion of IL-1β-primed MSCs dampened inflammation in prostate tissues and alleviated hyperalgesia in EAP mice. The infused MSCs inhibited monocyte infiltration and promoted regulatory T lymphocyte formation in prostate tissue, thus remodeling the local environment. Surprisingly, IL-1β-primed MSCs exhibited improved accumulation in the spleen but not in prostate tissue. Accordingly, infused MSCs reshaped systemic immunity by reducing the proportion of Ly6ChighCD11b+ monocytes and boosting the proportion of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes in the spleen and lung. Inflammatory chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) decreased through the downregulation of the NF-κB and JNK/MAPK pathways by inflammatory resolution via MSCs infusion to alleviate pain. CONCLUSION In summary, IL-1β-primed MSCs restored systemic immunologic homeostasis to alleviate CP/CPPS by modulating systemic immunity. These findings provide a novel strategy to boost the therapeutic effects of MSC-based therapy for CP/CPPS and reveal the essential role of systematic immunity in the treatment of CP/CPPS with MSC infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Liu
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinning Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, School of Medicine, Hubei Polytechnic University, 16 North Guilin Road, Huangshi, 435003, Hubei, China
| | - Ani Chi
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Dai
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 51008, China
| | - Zhenqing Wang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, China.
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31
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Matheakakis A, Batsali A, Papadaki HA, Pontikoglou CG. Therapeutic Implications of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in Autoimmune Diseases: From Biology to Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10132. [PMID: 34576296 PMCID: PMC8468750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are perivascular multipotent stem cells originally identified in the bone marrow (BM) stroma and subsequently in virtually all vascularized tissues. Because of their ability to differentiate into various mesodermal lineages, their trophic properties, homing capacity, and immunomodulatory functions, MSCs have emerged as attractive candidates in tissue repair and treatment of autoimmune disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of MSCs may be primarily mediated via a number of paracrine-acting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane-coated vesicles that are increasingly being acknowledged as playing a key role in intercellular communication via their capacity to carry and deliver their cargo, consisting of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids to recipient cells. MSC-EVs recapitulate the functions of the cells they originate, including immunoregulatory effects but do not seem to be associated with the limitations and concerns of cell-based therapies, thereby emerging as an appealing alternative therapeutic option in immune-mediated disorders. In the present review, the biology of MSCs will be outlined and an overview of their immunomodulatory functions will be provided. In addition, current knowledge on the features of MSC-EVs and their immunoregulatory potential will be summarized. Finally, therapeutic applications of MSCs and MSC-EVs in autoimmune disorders will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Matheakakis
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.M.); (H.A.P.)
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Aristea Batsali
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Helen A. Papadaki
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.M.); (H.A.P.)
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Charalampos G. Pontikoglou
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.M.); (H.A.P.)
- Haemopoiesis Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece;
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Galipeau J. Macrophages at the nexus of mesenchymal stromal cell potency: The emerging role of chemokine cooperativity. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1145-1154. [PMID: 33786935 PMCID: PMC8453730 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological depletion of macrophages in vivo with liposomal clodronate renders mice unresponsive to adoptive transfer of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for affecting outcomes of acute inflammatory pathology. This experimental observation identifies host macrophages as necessary in mediating the salutary anti-inflammatory properties of MSCs as a cellular pharmaceutical. This theory is supported by the observation that transfusion of MSCs leads to the prompt phagocytosis of nearly half of lung entrapped MSCs by lung resident macrophages, triggering an interleukin (IL)-10 suppressive efferocytotic response. In addition, non-phagocytosed MSCs with COX2 competency shape the immune milieu by inducing tissue macrophages to express IL-10. Additional experimental evidence identifies MSC-borne IL-6, IDO and TSG-6 as directly involved in macrophage polarization. Along similar lines of functional convergence, implantation of CCL2+ MSCs in the extravascular space where interaction with lung resident perivascular macrophages is not operative, also leads to IL-10 polarization of CCR2+ macrophages within acute injured tissue far removed from MSC depot. Intriguingly, MSC-derived CCL2 on its own is not sufficient to polarize macrophages and requires heterodimerization with MSC-borne CXCL12 to trigger macrophage IL-10 polarization via CCR2, but not CXCR4. Such chemokine cooperativity opens a new venue for analysis of MSC potency especially considering the rich chemokine secretome of MSC exposed to inflammatory stimulus. As an aggregate, these data highlight a necessary MSC and host macrophage functional dyad that may inform potency attribute analysis of MSCs-including the chemokine interactome-that may be directly linked to in vivo clinical anti-inflammatory and regenerative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin in MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive CancerMadisonWisconsinUSA
- University of Wisconsin Program for Advanced Cell TherapyMadisonWisconsinUSA
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33
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Fu X, Wang P, Wang Q, Meng W, Wang T, Yang J, Chai R. The Detrimental and Beneficial Functions of Macrophages After Cochlear Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631904. [PMID: 34458249 PMCID: PMC8385413 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the main intrinsic immune cells in the cochlea; they can be activated and play a complicated role after cochlear injury. Many studies have shown that the number of macrophages and their morphological characteristics within the major cochlear partitions undergo significant changes under various pathological conditions including acoustic trauma, ototoxic drug treatment, age-related cochlear degeneration, selective hair cell (HC) and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) elimination, and surgery. However, the exact role of these macrophages after cochlear injury is still unclear. Regulating the migration and activity of macrophages may be a therapeutic approach to reduce the risk or magnitude of trauma-induced hearing loss, and this review highlights the role of macrophages on the peripheral auditory structures of the cochlea and elucidate the mechanisms of macrophage injury and the strategies to reduce the injury by regulating macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yiyuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengjun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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34
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Casiraghi F, Perico N, Podestà MA, Todeschini M, Zambelli M, Colledan M, Camagni S, Fagiuoli S, Pinna AD, Cescon M, Bertuzzo V, Maroni L, Introna M, Capelli C, Golay JT, Buzzi M, Mister M, Ordonez PYR, Breno M, Mele C, Villa A, Remuzzi G. Third-party bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell infusion before liver transplantation: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:2795-2809. [PMID: 33370477 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have emerged as a promising therapy to minimize the immunosuppressive regimen or induce tolerance in solid organ transplantation. In this randomized open-label phase Ib/IIa clinical trial, 20 liver transplant patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive a single pretransplant intravenous infusion of third-party bone marrow-derived MSC or standard of care alone. The primary endpoint was the safety profile of MSC administration during the 1-year follow-up. In all, 19 patients completed the study, and none of those who received MSC experienced infusion-related complications. The incidence of serious and non-serious adverse events was similar in the two groups. Circulating Treg/memory Treg and tolerant NK subset of CD56bright NK cells increased slightly over baseline, albeit not to a statistically significant extent, in MSC-treated patients but not in the control group. Graft function and survival, as well as histologic parameters and intragraft expression of tolerance-associated transcripts in 1-year protocol biopsies were similar in the two groups. In conclusion, pretransplant MSC infusion in liver transplant recipients was safe and induced mild positive changes in immunoregulatory T and NK cells in the peripheral blood. This study opens the way for a trial on possible tolerogenic efficacy of MSC in liver transplantation. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02260375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Casiraghi
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Norberto Perico
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Manuel A Podestà
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy.,Renal Division, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Todeschini
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marco Zambelli
- Department of Organ Failure and Transplantation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michele Colledan
- Department of Organ Failure and Transplantation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Stefania Camagni
- Department of Organ Failure and Transplantation, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Stefano Fagiuoli
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonio D Pinna
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Bertuzzo
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maroni
- General Surgery and Transplant Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martino Introna
- G. Lanzani Laboratory of Cell Therapy, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Chiara Capelli
- G. Lanzani Laboratory of Cell Therapy, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Josee T Golay
- G. Lanzani Laboratory of Cell Therapy, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Buzzi
- Emilia Romagna Cord Blood Bank, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria-Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilena Mister
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Pamela Y R Ordonez
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Matteo Breno
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Caterina Mele
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
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Zhang Q, Yu J, Chen Q, Yan H, Du H, Luo W. Regulation of pathophysiological and tissue regenerative functions of MSCs mediated via the WNT signaling pathway (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:648. [PMID: 34278470 PMCID: PMC8299209 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues have remarkable natural capabilities to regenerate for the purpose of physiological turnover and repair of damage. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their unique self-renewal ability, pluripotency, homing potential, paracrine effects and immunomodulation. Advanced research of the unique properties of MSCs have opened up new horizons for tissue regenerative therapies. However, certain drawbacks of the application of MSCs, such as the low survival rate of transplanted MSCs, unsatisfactory efficiency and even failure to regenerate under an unbalanced microenvironment, are concerning with regards to their wider therapeutic applications. The activity of stem cells is mainly regulated by the anatomical niche; where they are placed during their clinical and therapeutic applications. Crosstalk between various niche signals maintains MSCs in homeostasis, in which the WNT signaling pathway plays vital roles. Several external or internal stimuli have been reported to interrupt the normal bioactivity of stem cells. The irreversible tissue loss that occurs during infection at the site of tissue grafting suggests an inhibitory effect mediated by microbial infections within MSC niches. In addition, MSC-seeded tissue engineering success is difficult in various tissues, when sites of injury are under the effects of a severe infection despite the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs. In the present review, the current understanding of the way in which WNT signaling regulates MSC activity modification under physiological and pathological conditions was summarized. An effort was also made to illustrate parts of the underlying mechanism, including the inflammatory factors and their interactions with the regulatory WNT signaling pathway, aiming to promote the clinical translation of MSC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, P.R. China
| | - Qiuqiu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Honghai Yan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiang Du
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of General Dentistry, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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36
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Lu D, Xu Y, Liu Q, Zhang Q. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Macrophage Crosstalk and Maintenance of Inflammatory Microenvironment Homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:681171. [PMID: 34249933 PMCID: PMC8267370 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.681171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are involved in almost every aspect of biological systems and include development, homeostasis and repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have good clinical application prospects due to their ability to regulate adaptive and innate immune cells, particularly macrophages, and they have been used successfully for many immune disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), acute lung injury, and wound healing, which have been reported as macrophage-mediated disorders. In the present review, we focus on the interaction between MSCs and macrophages and summarize their methods of interaction and communication, such as cell-to-cell contact, soluble factor secretion, and organelle transfer. In addition, we discuss the roles of MSC-macrophage crosstalk in the development of disease and maintenance of homeostasis of inflammatory microenvironments. Finally, we provide optimal strategies for applications in immune-related disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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37
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Mansourabadi AH, Mohamed Khosroshahi L, Noorbakhsh F, Amirzargar A. Cell therapy in transplantation: A comprehensive review of the current applications of cell therapy in transplant patients with the focus on Tregs, CAR Tregs, and Mesenchymal stem cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107669. [PMID: 33965760 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Organ transplantation is a practical treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. Despite the advances in short-term graft survival, long-term graft survival remains the main challenge considering the increased mortality and morbidity associated with chronic rejection and the toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs. Since a novel therapeutic strategy to induce allograft tolerance seems urgent, focusing on developing novel and safe approaches to prolong graft survival is one of the main goals of transplant investigators. Researchers in the field of organ transplantation are interested in suppressing or optimizing the immune responses by focusing on immune cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), polyclonal regulatory Tcells (Tregs), and antigen-specific Tregs engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR Tregs). We review the mechanistic pathways, phenotypic and functional characteristics of these cells, and their promising application in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mansourabadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 009821 Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 009821 Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mohamed Khosroshahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Aliakbar Amirzargar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran.
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38
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Treacy O, Lynch K, Murphy N, Chen X, Donohoe E, Canning A, Lohan P, Shaw G, Fahy G, Ryan AE, Ritter T. Subconjunctival administration of low-dose murine allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells promotes corneal allograft survival in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:227. [PMID: 33823917 PMCID: PMC8025388 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been efficacious in many inflammatory disease settings; however, little data are available on the potential immunomodulatory effects following local MSC administration in the context of corneal transplantation. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of subconjunctival injection of MSCs to promote corneal allograft survival. Methods MSCs were isolated from female C57BL/6 (H-2k) or Balb/c (H-2d) mice and extensively characterized. An allogeneic mouse corneal transplant model was used with Balb/c mice as recipients of C57BL/6 grafts. A dose-finding study starting with 5 × 105 MSCs injected subconjunctivally at day − 7 was tested first followed by a more clinically translatable low-dose single or dual injection strategy on day − 1 and day + 1 before/after transplantation. Graft transparency served as the primary indicator of transplant rejection while neovascularization was also recorded. Lymphocytes (from draining lymph nodes) and splenocytes were isolated from treatment groups on day 2 post-transplantation and characterized by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. Results Both high- and low-dose injection of allogeneic MSCs on day − 7 led to 100% graft survival over the observation period. Moreover, low-dose dual subconjunctival injection of 5 × 104 allogeneic MSCs on day − 1 or day + 1 led to 100% allograft survival in transplant recipients (n = 7). We also demonstrate that single administration of allogeneic MSCs on either day − 1 or day + 1 promotes rejection-free graft survival in 100% (n = 8) and 86% (n = 7) of transplanted mice, respectively. Early time point ex vivo analysis suggests modulation of innate immune responses towards anti-inflammatory, pro-repair responses by local MSC administration. Conclusion This work demonstrates that low-dose subconjunctival injection of allogeneic MSCs successfully promotes corneal allograft survival and may contribute to refining future MSC immunotherapies for prevention of corneal allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Treacy
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kevin Lynch
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nick Murphy
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Xizhe Chen
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ellen Donohoe
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoife Canning
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Paul Lohan
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Georgina Shaw
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gerry Fahy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Galway, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aideen E Ryan
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. .,CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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Mesenchymal stromal cells for corneal transplantation: Literature review and suggestions for successful clinical trials. Ocul Surf 2021; 20:185-194. [PMID: 33607323 PMCID: PMC9878990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Corneal transplantation is a routine procedure for patients with corneal blindness. Despite the streamlining of surgical techniques and deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways mediating rejection, corticosteroids are still the main immunosuppressive regimen in corneal transplantation, and the 15-year survival of corneal transplants remains as low as 50%, which is poorer than that for most solid organ transplants. Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with unique regenerative and immune-modulating properties have emerged as a promising cell therapy to promote transplant tolerance, minimize the use of immunosuppressants, and prevent chronic rejection. Here, we review the literature on preclinical studies of MSCs for corneal transplantation and summarize the key findings from clinical trials with MSCs in solid organ transplantation. Finally, we highlight current issues and challenges regarding MSC therapies and suggest strategies for safe and effective MSC-based therapies in clinical transplantation.
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40
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Mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of ocular autoimmune diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2021; 85:100967. [PMID: 33775824 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells, commonly referred to as MSCs, have emerged as a promising cell-based therapy for a range of autoimmune diseases thanks to several therapeutic advantages. Key among these are: 1) the ability to modulate innate and adaptive immune responses and to promote tissue regeneration, 2) the ease of their isolation from readily accessible tissues and expansion at scale in culture, 3) their low immunogenicity enabling use as an allogeneic "off-the-shelf" product, and 4) MSC therapy's safety and feasibility in humans, as demonstrated in more than one thousand clinical trials. Evidence from preclinical studies and early clinical trials indicate the therapeutic potential of MSCs and their derivatives for efficacy in ocular autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune uveoretinitis and Sjögren's syndrome-related dry eye disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs, and summarize the results from preclinical and clinical studies that have used MSCs or their derivatives for the treatment of ocular autoimmune diseases. We also discuss the challenges to the successful clinical application of MSC therapy, and suggest strategies for overcoming them.
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Hasgur S, Desbourdes L, Relation T, Overholt KM, Stanek JR, Guess AJ, Yu M, Patel P, Roback L, Dominici M, Otsuru S, Horwitz EM. Splenic macrophage phagocytosis of intravenously infused mesenchymal stromal cells attenuates tumor localization. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:411-422. [PMID: 33781710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess remarkable tumor tropism, making them ideal vehicles to deliver tumor-targeted therapeutic agents; however, their value in clinical medicine has yet to be realized. A barrier to clinical utilization is that only a small fraction of infused MSCs ultimately localize to the tumor. In an effort to overcome this obstacle, we sought to enhance MSC trafficking by focusing on the factors that govern MSC arrival within the tumor microenvironment. Our findings show that MSC chemoattraction is only present in select tumors, including osteosarcoma, and that the chemotactic potency among similar tumors varies substantially. Using an osteosarcoma xenograft model, we show that human MSCs traffic to the tumor within several hours of infusion. After arrival, MSCs are observed to localize in clusters near blood vessels and MSC-associated bioluminescence signal intensity is increased, suggesting that the seeded cells expand after engraftment. However, our studies reveal that a significant portion of MSCs are eliminated en route by splenic macrophage phagocytosis, effectively limiting the number of cells available for tumor engraftment. To increase MSC survival, we transiently depleted macrophages with liposomal clodronate, which resulted in increased tumor localization without substantial reduction in tumor-associated macrophages. Our data suggest that transient macrophage depletion will significantly increase the number of MSCs in the spleen and thus improve MSC localization within a tumor, theoretically increasing the effective dose of an anti-cancer agent. This strategy may subsequently improve the clinical efficacy of MSCs as vehicles for the tumor-directed delivery of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheyla Hasgur
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Desbourdes
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Theresa Relation
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathleen M Overholt
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph R Stanek
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam J Guess
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Minjun Yu
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pratik Patel
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Linda Roback
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Satoru Otsuru
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Ko JH, Kim HJ, Jeong HJ, Lee HJ, Oh JY. Mesenchymal Stem and Stromal Cells Harness Macrophage-Derived Amphiregulin to Maintain Tissue Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2021; 30:3806-3820.e6. [PMID: 32187551 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cross-talk between mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (MSCs) and macrophages is critical for the restoration of tissue homeostasis after injury. Here, we demonstrate a pathway through which MSCs instruct macrophages to resolve inflammation and preserve tissue-specific stem cells, leading to homeostasis in mice with autoimmune uveoretinitis and sterile-injury-induced corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency. Distinct from their conventional role in macrophage reprogramming to anti-inflammatory phenotype by a PGE2-dependent mechanism, MSCs enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages, which partly depends on the uptake of MSC mitochondria-containing extracellular vesicles. The MSC-primed macrophages increase the secretion of amphiregulin (AREG) in a phagocytosis-dependent manner. AREG is essential for MSC-primed macrophages to suppress immune responses through regulatory T (Treg) cells and to protect corneal epithelial stem cells via apoptosis inhibition and proliferation promotion. Hence, the data reveal that MSCs harness macrophage-derived AREG to maintain tissue homeostasis after injury and provide a therapeutic target in immune-mediated disease and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwa Ko
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Jeong
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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Yang Z, Han F, Liao T, Zheng H, Luo Z, Ma M, He J, Li L, Ye Y, Zhang R, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Sun Q. Artemisinin Attenuates Transplant Rejection by Inhibiting Multiple Lymphocytes and Prolongs Cardiac Allograft Survival. Front Immunol 2021; 12:634368. [PMID: 33717174 PMCID: PMC7943449 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.634368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological rejection is an important factor resulting in allograft dysfunction, and more valid therapeutic methods need to be explored to improve allograft outcomes. Many researches have indicated that artemisinin and its derivative exhibits immunosuppressive functions, apart from serving as a traditional anti-malarial drug. In this assay, we further explored the therapeutic effects of artemisinin for transplant rejection in a rat cardiac transplantation model. We found that it markedly attenuated allograft rejection and histological injury and significantly prolonged the survival of allograft. Upon further exploring the mechanism, we demonstrated that artemisinin not only attenuated T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) by reducing effector T cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine secretion and increasing regulatory T cell infiltration and immunoregulatory cytokine levels, but also attenuated antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) through inhibition of B cells activation and antibody production. Furthermore, artemisinin also reduced macrophage infiltration in allografts, which was determined to be important for TCMR and ABMR. Moreover, we demonstrated that artemisinin significantly inhibited the function of pure T cells, B cells, and macrophages in vitro. All in all, this study provide evidence that artemisinin significantly attenuates TCMR and ABMR by targeting multiple effectors. Therefore, this agent might have potential for use in clinical settings to protect against transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhengyu Huang
- Research Institute of Organ Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- Research Institute of Organ Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiquan Sun
- Research Institute of Organ Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Müller L, Tunger A, Wobus M, von Bonin M, Towers R, Bornhäuser M, Dazzi F, Wehner R, Schmitz M. Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An Update. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:637725. [PMID: 33634139 PMCID: PMC7900158 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.637725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are characterized by an extraordinary capacity to modulate the phenotype and functional properties of various immune cells that play an essential role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. Thus, MSCs efficiently impair the phagocytic and antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes/macrophages and promote the expression of immunosuppressive molecules such as interleukin (IL)-10 and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 by these cells. They also effectively inhibit the maturation of dendritic cells and their ability to produce proinflammatory cytokines and to stimulate potent T-cell responses. Furthermore, MSCs inhibit the generation and proinflammatory properties of CD4+ T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells, while they promote the proliferation of regulatory T cells and their inhibitory capabilities. MSCs also impair the expansion, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxic activity of proinflammatory CD8+ T cells. Moreover, MSCs inhibit the differentiation, proliferation, and antibody secretion of B cells, and foster the generation of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells. Various cell membrane-associated and soluble molecules essentially contribute to these MSC-mediated effects on important cellular components of innate and adaptive immunity. Due to their immunosuppressive properties, MSCs have emerged as promising tools for the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as acute graft-versus-host disease, graft rejection in patients undergoing organ/cell transplantation, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Müller
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Tunger
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Wobus
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Russell Towers
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- School of Cancer and Pharmacological Sciences and KHP Cancer Research UK Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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45
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Hoogduijn MJ, Issa F, Casiraghi F, Reinders MEJ. Cellular therapies in organ transplantation. Transpl Int 2021; 34:233-244. [PMID: 33207013 PMCID: PMC7898347 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular therapy is a promising tool for improving the outcome of organ transplantation. Various cell types with different immunoregulatory and regenerative properties may find application for specific transplant rejection or injury-related indications. The current era is crucial for the development of cellular therapies. Preclinical models have demonstrated the feasibility of efficacious cell therapy in transplantation, early clinical trials have shown safety of several of these therapies, and the first steps towards efficacy studies in humans have been made. In this review, we address the current state of the art of cellular therapies in clinical transplantation and discuss monitoring tools and endpoints for these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J. Hoogduijn
- Nephrology and TransplantationDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus University Medical CenterErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Fadi Issa
- Transplantation Research and Immunology GroupNuffield Department of Surgical SciencesJohn Radcliffe HospitalUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Marlies E. J. Reinders
- Nephrology and TransplantationDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus University Medical CenterErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
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46
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Zhang C, Hu S, Zosky GR, Wei X, Shu S, Wang D, Chai X. Paracoxib Alleviates Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury Through Functional Modulation of Lung-Recruited CD11bloLy6Chi Monocytes. Shock 2021; 55:236-243. [PMID: 32590697 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes had been shown to be involved in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Our present study aimed to investigate whether the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition modulates the function of lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes in a mouse model of VILI. METHODS Mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 ng) intraperitoneally prior to injurious mechanical ventilation (Vt = 30 mL/kg, PEEP = 0 cmH2O). A subgroup of mice was treated with intravenous parecoxib (30 mg/kg), a COX-2 inhibitor, 1 h prior to ventilation. Control mice received saline and were not ventilated. At the end of the experiment, blood gas analysis was performed and lung tissue was collected for histological assessment. Flow cytometry was employed to quantify the different populations of lung monocytes/macrophages and their function. Isolated Ly6Chi cells were used to measure the intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) by fluorescent probes, and cytokine production by cytometric bead array. RESULTS Exposure to LPS and injurious ventilation was associated with severe lung histological damage, oxygenation impairment, and pulmonary edema; all of which were largely attenuated following the treatment of parecoxib. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that parecoxib caused a reduction in the number of the lung-recruited CD11bloLy6Chi monocytes while there was no effect on tissue-resident CD64+ alveolar macrophages. In addition, the production of oxidative stress products (ROS, NO), MHC-II expression, and inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS and VILI in CD11bloLy6Chi monocytes was ameliorated by parecoxib. CONCLUSION Parecoxib-induced alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation in lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes may partly explain the beneficial action of COX-2 inhibition in VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Graeme R Zosky
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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47
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Iwai S, Okada A, Sasano K, Endo M, Yamazaki S, Wang X, Shimbo T, Tomimatsu T, Kimura T, Tamai K. Controlled induction of immune tolerance by mesenchymal stem cells transferred by maternal microchimerism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 539:83-88. [PMID: 33461067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Feto-maternal immune tolerance is established during pregnancy; however, its mechanism and maintenance remain underexplored. Here, we investigated whether mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as non-inherited maternal antigens (NIMAs) transferred by maternal microchimerism could induce immune tolerance. We showed that MSCs had a potential equivalent to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to induce immune tolerance and that MSCs were essential to induce tolerance to MSC-specific antigens. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MSCs as NIMAs transferred by maternal microchimerism could induce robust immune tolerance that can be further enhanced using a drug. Our data shed light on induction of immune tolerance and serve as a foundation to develop new therapies using maternally derived cells for autoimmune or genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Iwai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aiko Okada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Sasano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Endo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; StemRIM Institute of Regeneration-Inducing Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Department of Children's and Women's Health, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Sho Yamazaki
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; StemRIM Inc, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; StemRIM Inc, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimbo
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; StemRIM Institute of Regeneration-Inducing Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takuji Tomimatsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuto Tamai
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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48
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Tian H, Wu J, Ma M. Implications of macrophage polarization in corneal transplantation rejection. Transpl Immunol 2020; 64:101353. [PMID: 33238187 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2020.101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Corneal transplantation rejection remains an urgent problem threatening the success rate of high-risk patients. Macrophages are involved in the rejection of corneal transplants. Macrophages have M1 and M2 phenotypes, classified according their response to external stimuli. Macrophage polarization, through which these distinct forms are activated, is not only involved in the occurrence and development of inflammation, tumors, and autoimmune and other diseases, but also participates in graft rejection. This study provides an overview of the types of macrophages and mechanisms of their polarization, and review current knowledge regarding their involvement in corneal transplantation and potential therapeutic applications. Consideration of the relationship between the direction of macrophage polarization and the determination of graft survival and how it can be modified, is important for the development of novel corneal anti-rejection therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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49
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Li Y, Ding X, Tian X, Zheng J, Ding C, Li X, Hu X, Qiao Y, Wang Y, Xue W. Islet transplantation modulates macrophage to induce immune tolerance and angiogenesis of islet tissue in type I diabetes mice model. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:24023-24032. [PMID: 33221752 PMCID: PMC7762494 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the dual mechanism of islet transplantation in T1D by regulating the immune tolerance of macrophages and inducing the neovascularization. Methods NC group, T1D model group and T1D model + islet group were constructed. Then, the abdominal aorta blood of abdominal aorta and islet tissue were collected. ELISA was performed to detect the level of IL-1Rα, IL-1α, IL-1β, CXCL2, MCP1, TNF-α and IL-10. Flow cytometry was used to measure the content of M1 and M2 macrophages. HE staining indicated the pathological characteristics of islet. IHC and WB were applied to determine the protein levels of IGF1R, FGFR2 or VEGFA as well as IGF1R, GRB2, EGFR, PTPN1, JAK2, STAT3, Caspase-1, Bcl2 respectively. Results Islet transplantation in T1D stimulated the expression of IL-1Rα, IL-1α, IL-1β, CXCL2, MCP1, TNF-α and IL-10 in abdominal aorta blood, changed the content of MHCII+CD206-M1 and MHCII+CD206+M2 macrophages, reduced the pathological features and the infiltration of immunocytes, promoted the expression of IGF1R, FGFR2 and VEGFA, eliminated cell apoptosis and induced the neovascularization in islet grafts. Conclusions Islet transplantation is an effective strategy for the treatment of T1D. It can increase the content of M2 macrophages whose immune tolerance can elevate the survival of islet grafts, reduce the inflammatory responses mediated by macrophages, promote the neovascularization and eliminate the cell apoptosis of islet grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaohui Tian
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chenguang Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuxi Qiao
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wujun Xue
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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50
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Liu C, Sun J. Impact of Marine-Based Biomaterials on the Immunoregulatory Properties of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Use of Fish Collagen in Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28360-28368. [PMID: 33163819 PMCID: PMC7643310 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A key issue in the field of tissue engineering and stem cell therapy is immunological rejection after the implantation of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In addition, maintaining the immunoregulatory function of BMSCs is critical to achieving tissue repair. In recent years, scientists have become interested in fish collagen because of its unique osteoinductive activity. However, it is still unclear whether osteogenically differentiated BMSCs induced by fish collagen maintain their immunoregulatory functions. To address this question, BMSCs were isolated from 8-week-old male BALB/c mice, and a noncontact coculture model was established consisting of macrophages and BMSCs treated with hydrolyzed fish collagen (HFC). Cell proliferation of the macrophages was determined by MTT. The gene and protein expression levels of the M1 and M2 macrophage markers were measured by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To study the role of TNF-α-induced gene/protein 6 (TSG-6), TSG-6 was targeted by short interfering RNA (siRNA) in BMSCs, then the osteogenic differentiation ability of the BMSCs was examined by western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), CCL22 (a macrophage-derived chemokine), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin-12 (IL-12), and the protein expression levels of arginase-1 (Arg-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) of macrophages cocultured with TSG-6-siRNA-BMSCs+HFC were detected by real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. The results showed that the osteogenically differentiated BMSCs induced by HFC did not affect the proliferation of macrophages. Osteogenically differentiated BMSCs induced by HFC promoted the expression of M2 macrophage markers IL-10 and CCL22, while HFC inhibited the expression of M1 macrophage markers, including TNF-α and IL-12. The TSG-6 knockdown led to a decrease in the production of TSG-6 without impairing the expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) by BMSCs. TSG-6 silencing significantly counteracted the effect of HFC, and the expression of IL-10, CCL22, and Arg-1 were all decreased in the macrophages cocultured with TSG-6-siRNA-BMSCs+HFC, while that of TNF-α, IL-12, and iNOS were increased relative to the BMSCs+HFC group. The data demonstrated that osteogenically differentiated BMSCs induced by fish collagen retained their immunomodulatory functions. This study provides an additional scientific basis for future applications of fish collagen as an osteogenic component in the fields of tissue engineering and stem cell therapy.
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