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Bazsó A, Szodoray P, Shoenfeld Y, Kiss E. Biomarkers reflecting the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and guide therapeutic approach in systemic sclerosis: a narrative review. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:3055-3072. [PMID: 39210206 PMCID: PMC11442557 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-07123-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a progressive autoimmune disorder that mainly affects the skin. There are other clinical manifestations as renal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal tract involvements. Based on the skin involvement there are two subtypes of SSc, as limited cutaneous SSc (lSSc) which involves the acral part of the body and diffuse cutaneous SSc (dSSc) resulting in significant skin thickening of the body. Despite of the extensive research the pathomechanism is not fully clarified, how Ssc develops, moreover identifying biomarkers to predict the clinical outcome and prognosis still remains challenging. Circulating biomarkers can be crucial to define the diagnosis, to predict the prognosis and monitor the clinical course. However, only some patients are responsive to the therapy in SSc, and there is a need to reach the ideal therapy for any individual to prevent or slow down the progression in early stages of the disease. In this narrative review, our purpose was to summarize the potential biomarkers in Ssc, describe their role in the diagnosis, pathomechanism, clinical course, organ manifestations, as well as the response to the therapy. Biomarkers assessment aids in the evaluation of disease progression, and disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bazsó
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Adult and Paediatric Rheumatology, National Institute of Locomotor System Disorders and Disabilities, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Péter Szodoray
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Reichmann University, Herzelia, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, 5265601, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Emese Kiss
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Adult and Paediatric Rheumatology, National Institute of Locomotor System Disorders and Disabilities, Budapest, Hungary
- Division of Locomotor System and Rheumatology Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Kamiya M, Carter H, Espindola MS, Doyle TJ, Lee JS, Merriam LT, Zhang F, Kawano-Dourado L, Sparks JA, Hogaboam CM, Moore BB, Oldham WM, Kim EY. Immune mechanisms in fibrotic interstitial lung disease. Cell 2024; 187:3506-3530. [PMID: 38996486 PMCID: PMC11246539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (fILDs) have poor survival rates and lack effective therapies. Despite evidence for immune mechanisms in lung fibrosis, immunotherapies have been unsuccessful for major types of fILD. Here, we review immunological mechanisms in lung fibrosis that have the potential to impact clinical practice. We first examine innate immunity, which is broadly involved across fILD subtypes. We illustrate how innate immunity in fILD involves a complex interplay of multiple cell subpopulations and molecular pathways. We then review the growing evidence for adaptive immunity in lung fibrosis to provoke a re-examination of its role in clinical fILD. We close with future directions to address key knowledge gaps in fILD pathobiology: (1) longitudinal studies emphasizing early-stage clinical disease, (2) immune mechanisms of acute exacerbations, and (3) next-generation immunophenotyping integrating spatial, genetic, and single-cell approaches. Advances in these areas are essential for the future of precision medicine and immunotherapy in fILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kamiya
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hannah Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Milena S Espindola
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Tracy J Doyle
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joyce S Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Louis T Merriam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Leticia Kawano-Dourado
- Hcor Research Institute, Hcor Hospital, Sao Paulo - SP 04004-030, Brazil; Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo - SP 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cory M Hogaboam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - William M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Edy Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Xiao Y, Vazquez-Padron RI, Martinez L, Singer HA, Woltmann D, Salman LH. Role of platelet factor 4 in arteriovenous fistula maturation failure: What do we know so far? J Vasc Access 2024; 25:390-406. [PMID: 35751379 PMCID: PMC9974241 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221085458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation failure remains unacceptably high despite continuous efforts on technique improvement and careful pre-surgery planning. In fact, half of all newly created AVFs are unable to be used for hemodialysis (HD) without a salvage procedure. While vascular stenosis in the venous limb of the access is the culprit, the underlying factors leading to vascular narrowing and AVF maturation failure are yet to be determined. We have recently demonstrated that AVF non-maturation is associated with post-operative medial fibrosis and fibrotic stenosis, and post-operative intimal hyperplasia (IH) exacerbates the situation. Multiple pathological processes and signaling pathways are underlying the stenotic remodeling of the AVF. Our group has recently indicated that a pro-inflammatory cytokine platelet factor 4 (PF4/CXCL4) is upregulated in veins that fail to mature after AVF creation. Platelet factor 4 is a fibrosis marker and can be detected in vascular stenosis tissue, suggesting that it may contribute to AVF maturation failure through stimulation of fibrosis and development of fibrotic stenosis. Here, we present an overview of the how PF4-mediated fibrosis determines AVF maturation failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Laisel Martinez
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Harold A Singer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Woltmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Loay H Salman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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4
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Avouac J, Cauvet A, Orvain C, Boulch M, Tilotta F, Tu L, Thuillet R, Ottaviani M, Guignabert C, Bousso P, Allanore Y. Effects of B Cell Depletion by CD19-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in a Murine Model of Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:268-278. [PMID: 37610259 DOI: 10.1002/art.42677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our goal was to study the tolerance and efficacy of two B cell depletion strategies, including one with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, in a preclinical model mimicking the severe lung damages observed in systemic sclerosis. METHODS B cell depletion strategies were evaluated in the Fra-2 transgenic (Tg) mouse model. We considered a first group of 16 untreated mice, a second group of 15 mice receiving a single dose of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), and a third group of 8 mice receiving CD19-targeted CAR-T cells in combination with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. After six weeks of clinical evaluation, different validated markers of inflammation, lung fibrosis, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were assessed. RESULTS CD19-targeted CAR-T cells infusion in combination with anti-CD20 mAb resulted in a deeper B cell depletion than anti-CD20 mAb alone in the peripheral blood and lesional lungs of Fra-2 Tg mice. CAR-T cell infusion worsened the clinical score and increased mortality in Fra-2 Tg mice. In line with the above findings, CAR-T cell infusion significantly increased lung collagen content, the histological fibrosis score, and right ventricular systolic pressure. CAR-T cells accumulated in lesional lungs and promoted T activation and inflammatory cytokine production. Treatment with anti-CD20 mAb in monotherapy had no impact on lung inflammation-driven fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSION B cell therapies failed to show efficacy in the Fra2 Tg mice. The exacerbated Fra-2 lung inflammatory burden stimulated accumulation and expansion of activated CD19-targeted CAR-T cells, secondarily inducing T cell activation and systemic inflammation, finally leading to disease worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Avouac
- INSERM U1016 and UMR8104, Institut Cochin and Université Paris Cité and Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- INSERM U1016 and UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Cindy Orvain
- INSERM U1016 and UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Boulch
- Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1223, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Tilotta
- URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, UFR Odontologie, and Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mina Ottaviani
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Philippe Bousso
- Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1223, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- INSERM U1016 and UMR8104, Institut Cochin and Université Paris Cité and Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Centre - Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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5
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Lesturgie-Talarek M, Gonzalez V, Beaudoin L, Frantz C, Sénot N, Gouda Z, Rousseau C, Avouac J, Lehuen A, Allanore Y. Deficiency and altered phenotype of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in systemic sclerosis. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2024; 9:67-78. [PMID: 38333523 PMCID: PMC10848929 DOI: 10.1177/23971983231209807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Objective Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs including the lung. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells are innate-like T lymphocytes able to produce various cytokines and cytotoxic mediators such as granzyme B. A large body of evidence supports a role of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in autoimmune disease but more recent reports suggest also a potential role in fibrotic conditions. Therefore, we herein addressed the question as whether mucosal-associated invariant T cells may have an altered profile in systemic sclerosis. Methods Mucosal-associated invariant T cell frequency was analyzed by flow cytometry, using fresh peripheral blood from 74 consecutive systemic sclerosis patients who were compared to 44 healthy donors. In addition, in-depth mucosal-associated invariant T cell phenotype and function were analyzed in unselected 29 women with systemic sclerosis who were compared to 23 healthy women donors. Results Proportion of circulating mucosal-associated invariant T cells was significantly reduced by 68% in systemic sclerosis compared to healthy donors (0.78% in systemic sclerosis vs 2.5%, p < 0.0001). Within systemic sclerosis subsets, mucosal-associated invariant T cells were reduced in patients with interstitial lung disease (systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease) (0.56% vs 0.96% in patients without interstitial lung disease, p = 0.04). Moreover, in systemic sclerosis patients, mucosal-associated invariant T cells displayed an activated phenotype indicated by markedly increased CD69+ mucosal-associated invariant T cell frequency (20% mucosal-associated invariant T cell CD69+ compared to 9.4% in healthy donors, p = 0.0014). Interestingly, mucosal-associated invariant T cells from systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease patients had a more pronounced altered phenotype compared to systemic sclerosis without interstitial lung disease with a correlation between mucosal-associated invariant T cells expressing CCR6+ and mucosal-associated invariant T cell frequency (r = 0.8, p = 0.006). Conclusion Circulating mucosal-associated invariant T cells were reduced and exhibited an activated phenotype in systemic sclerosis patients. This peripheral mucosal-associated invariant T cell deficiency may be related to enhanced apoptosis and/or homing in inflamed tissue, particularly in systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Noémie Sénot
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, UMR 8104, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Jérôme Avouac
- Rheumatology A Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Lehuen
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, UMR 8104, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Rheumatology A Department, Cochin Hospital, APHP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Ruzehaji N, Avouac J, Elhai M, Frechet M, Frantz C, Ruiz B, Distler JH, Allanore Y. Retraction Note: Combined effect of genetic background and gender in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:218. [PMID: 37957740 PMCID: PMC10642041 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-023-03211-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadira Ruzehaji
- INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France.
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Bâtiment Gustave Roussy, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.
| | - Jerome Avouac
- INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Rheumatology A Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Elhai
- INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Rheumatology A Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Barbara Ruiz
- INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
| | - Joerg H Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yannick Allanore
- INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- Rheumatology A Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Mattoo H, Bangari DS, Cummings S, Humulock Z, Habiel D, Xu EY, Pate N, Resnick R, Savova V, Qian G, Beil C, Rao E, Nestle FO, Bryce PJ, Subramaniam A. Molecular Features and Stages of Pulmonary Fibrosis Driven by Type 2 Inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:404-421. [PMID: 37369139 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0301oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a progressive, multiorgan disease with limited treatment options. Although a recent proof-of-concept study using romilkimab or SAR156597, a bispecific IL-4/IL-13 antibody, suggests a direct role of these cytokines in the pathophysiology of SSc, their contributions to the balance between inflammation and fibrosis are unclear. Here, we determine the roles of type 2 inflammation in fibrogenesis using FRA2-Tg (Fos-related antigen 2-overexpressing transgenic) mice, which develop spontaneous, age-dependent progressive lung fibrosis. We defined the molecular signatures of inflammation and fibrosis at three key stages in disease progression, corresponding to preonset, inflammatory dominant, and fibrosis dominant biology, and revealed an early increase in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and antigen-processing and presentation pathways followed by enhanced Th2- and M2 macrophage-driven type 2 responses. This type 2 inflammation progressed to extensive fibrotic pathology by 14-18 weeks of age, with these gene signatures overlapping significantly with those seen in the lungs of patients with SSc with interstitial lung disease (ILD). These changes were also evident in the histopathology, which showed perivascular and peribronchiolar inflammation with prominent eosinophilia and accumulation of profibrotic M2-like macrophages followed by rapid progression to fibrosis with thickened alveolar walls with multifocal fibrotic bands and signs of interstitial pneumonia. Critically, treatment with a bispecific antibody targeting IL-4 and IL-13 during the inflammatory phase abrogated the Th2 and M2 responses and led to near-complete abrogation of lung fibrosis. These data recapitulate important features of fibrotic progression in the lungs of patients with SSc-ILD and enhance our understanding of the progressive pathobiology of SSc. This study also further establishes FRA2-Tg mice as a valuable tool for testing future therapeutic agents in SSc-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheila Cummings
- Discovery Pathology, Translational In Vivo Models Platform, and
| | | | - David Habiel
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area
| | - Ethan Y Xu
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology
- Aspen Neuroscience, San Diego, California
| | - Nathan Pate
- Discovery Pathology, Translational In Vivo Models Platform, and
| | | | | | - George Qian
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area
| | | | - Ercole Rao
- Biologics Research, Sanofi, Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | | | - Paul J Bryce
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area
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Cauvet A, Decellas A, Guignabert C, Rongvaux-Gaïda D, Thuillet R, Ottaviani M, Tu L, Rieger F, Avouac J, Allanore Y. Arsenic trioxide demonstrates efficacy in a mouse model of preclinical systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:167. [PMID: 37700377 PMCID: PMC10496169 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncontrolled T-cell activation plays a key role in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has immunological effects and has demonstrated potential in preclinical SSc models. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of ATO in Fra2 transgenic (Fra2TG) mice, which develop severe vascular remodeling of pulmonary arterioles and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia-like lung disease, closely resembling human SSc-associated pulmonary hypertension, therefore partially resembling to the SSc human disease. METHODS The efficacy of ATO in Fra2TG mice was evaluated through histological scoring and determination of cell infiltration. Fibrotic changes in the lungs were assessed by measuring collagen content biochemically, using second harmonic generation to measure fibrillar collagen, and imaging via computed tomography. Cardiovascular effects were determined by measuring right ventricular systolic pressure and vessel remodeling. The mechanism of action of ATO was then investigated by analyzing lung cell infiltrates using flow cytometry and bulk RNA with sequencing techniques. RESULTS After ATO treatment, the Ashcroft histological score was substantially decreased by 33% in ATO-treated mice compared to control mice. Other investigations of fibrotic markers showed a trend of reduction in various measurements of fibrosis, but the differences did not reach significance. Further cardiovascular investigations revealed convergent findings supporting a beneficial effect of ATO, with reduced right ventricular systolic pressure and medial wall thickness, and a significant decrease in the number of muscularized distal pulmonary arteries in ATO-treated Fra2TG mice compared to untreated Fra2TG mice. Additionally, inflammatory cell infiltration was also markedly reduced in lesioned lungs. A reduction in the frequency of CD4 + and T effector memory cells, and an increase in the percentage of CD4 + T naive cells in the lungs of ATO-treated Fra-2TG mice, was observed when compared to PBS group Fra-2Tg mice. RNA-seq analysis of ATO-treated mouse lungs revealed a downregulation of biological pathways associated with immune activity and inflammation, such as T-cell activation, regulation of leucocyte activation, leucocyte cell-cell adhesion, and regulation of lymphocyte activation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest the clinical relevance of ATO treatment in SSc. Using the Fra2TG mouse model, we observed significant lung histological changes, a trend towards a decrease in various fibrotic makers, and a strong reduction in vascular remodeling. The mechanism of action of ATO appears to involve a marked counteraction of the immune activation characteristic of SSc, particularly T-cell involvement. These findings pave the way for further studies in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cauvet
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016 CNRS UMR8104, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Arthur Decellas
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016 CNRS UMR8104, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- UMR_S 999 "Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies", INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Raphaël Thuillet
- UMR_S 999 "Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies", INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mina Ottaviani
- UMR_S 999 "Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies", INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Ly Tu
- UMR_S 999 "Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies", INSERM, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Jérôme Avouac
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016 CNRS UMR8104, Paris, 75014, France
- Rheumatology Department, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016 CNRS UMR8104, Paris, 75014, France.
- Rheumatology Department, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
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9
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Frommer ML, Langridge BJ, Awad L, Jasionowska S, Denton CP, Abraham DJ, Abu-Hanna J, Butler PEM. Single-Cell Analysis of ADSC Interactions with Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells in Scleroderma Skin. Cells 2023; 12:1784. [PMID: 37443817 PMCID: PMC10341100 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as part of autologous fat grafting have anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects, but the exact mechanisms of action remain unknown. By simulating the interaction of ADSCs with fibroblasts and endothelial cells (EC) from scleroderma (SSc) skin in silico, we aim to unravel these mechanisms. Publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data from the stromal vascular fraction of 3 lean patients and biopsies from the skin of 10 control and 12 patients with SSc were obtained from the GEO and analysed using R and Seurat. Differentially expressed genes were used to compare the fibroblast and EC transcriptome between controls and SSc. GO and KEGG functional enrichment was performed. Ligand-receptor interactions of ADSCs with fibroblasts and ECs were explored with LIANA. Pro-inflammatory and extracellular matrix (ECM) interacting fibroblasts were identified in SSc. Arterial, capillary, venous and lymphatic ECs showed a pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory transcriptome. Most interactions with both cell types were based on ECM proteins. Differential interactions identified included NTN1, VEGFD, MMP2, FGF2, and FNDC5. The ADSC secretome may disrupt vascular and perivascular inflammation hubs in scleroderma by promoting angiogenesis and especially lymphangiogenesis. Key phenomena observed after fat grafting remain unexplained, including modulation of fibroblast behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin L. Frommer
- Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (B.J.L.); (J.A.-H.); (P.E.M.B.)
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Benjamin J. Langridge
- Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (B.J.L.); (J.A.-H.); (P.E.M.B.)
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Laura Awad
- Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (B.J.L.); (J.A.-H.); (P.E.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Sara Jasionowska
- Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (B.J.L.); (J.A.-H.); (P.E.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Christopher P. Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - David J. Abraham
- Centre for Rheumatology, Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Jeries Abu-Hanna
- Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (B.J.L.); (J.A.-H.); (P.E.M.B.)
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Peter E. M. Butler
- Charles Wolfson Centre for Reconstructive Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK; (B.J.L.); (J.A.-H.); (P.E.M.B.)
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK
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10
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Steele H, Cheng J, Willicut A, Dell G, Breckenridge J, Culberson E, Ghastine A, Tardif V, Herro R. TNF superfamily control of tissue remodeling and fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219907. [PMID: 37465675 PMCID: PMC10351606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the result of extracellular matrix protein deposition and remains a leading cause of death in USA. Despite major advances in recent years, there remains an unmet need to develop therapeutic options that can effectively degrade or reverse fibrosis. The tumor necrosis super family (TNFSF) members, previously studied for their roles in inflammation and cell death, now represent attractive therapeutic targets for fibrotic diseases. In this review, we will summarize select TNFSF and their involvement in fibrosis of the lungs, the heart, the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, the kidney, and the liver. We will emphasize their direct activity on epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. We will further report on major clinical trials targeting these ligands. Whether in isolation or in combination with other anti-TNFSF member or treatment, targeting this superfamily remains key to improve efficacy and selectivity of currently available therapies for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Steele
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jason Cheng
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ashley Willicut
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Garrison Dell
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joey Breckenridge
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Erica Culberson
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Andrew Ghastine
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Virginie Tardif
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), Rouen, France
| | - Rana Herro
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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11
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Zanatta E, Martini A, Depascale R, Gamba A, Tonello M, Gatto M, Giraudo C, Balestro E, Doria A, Iaccarino L. CCL18 as a Biomarker of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) and Progressive Fibrosing ILD in Patients with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13101715. [PMID: 37238199 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess CCL18 and OX40L as biomarkers of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and/or progressive fibrosing (PF-) ILD in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). METHODS Patients with IIMs seen in our center from July 2020 to March 2021 were consecutively enrolled. ILD was detected by high-resolution CT. CCL18 and OX40L serum levels were measured by validated ELISA assays in 93 patients and 35 controls. At the 2-year follow-up, PF-ILD was evaluated according to the INBUILD criteria. RESULTS ILD was diagnosed in 50 (53.7%) patients. CCL18 serum levels were higher in IIMs patients vs. controls (232.9 [IQR 134.7-399.07] vs. 48.4 [29.9-147.5], p < 0.0001), with no difference for OX40L. IIMs-ILD patients exhibited higher levels of CCL18 than those without ILD (306.8 [190.8-520.5] vs. 162 [75.4-255.8], p < 0.0001). High CCL18 serum levels were independently associated with IIMs-ILD diagnosis. At follow-up, 22/50 (44%) patients developed a PF-ILD. Patients who developed PF-ILD had higher CCL18 serum levels than non-progressors (511 [307-958.7] vs. 207.1 [149.3-381.7], p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed CCL18 as the only independent predictor of PF-ILD (OR 1.006 [1.002-1.011], p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Although in a relatively small sample, our data suggest that CCL18 is a useful biomarker in IIMs-ILD, particularly in the early identification of patients at risk of developing PF-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Zanatta
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Martini
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology (UIMH), Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Depascale
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Gamba
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Tonello
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Mariele Gatto
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Giraudo
- Unit of Advanced Clinical and Translational Imaging, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Padova University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Respiratory Disease Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Padova University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Doria
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Iaccarino
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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12
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Luo J, Tugade T, Sun E, Pena Diaz AM, O’Gorman DB. Sustained AWT1 expression by Dupuytren's disease myofibroblasts promotes a proinflammatory milieu. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:677-690. [PMID: 35414143 PMCID: PMC9733761 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmar fibromatosis, also known as Dupuytren's disease (DD), is a common and heritable fibrosis of the hand. It is characterized by the formation of myofibroblastic nodules that can progress to palmar-digital contractures and permanent loss of dexterity. The presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate within these nodules has been interpreted to suggest a pathogenesis mediated by a proinflammatory microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of pro-fibrotic microenvironments in this and other fibroses remain unclear. To gain insights into this process, we have assessed the contributions of an alternatively spliced, multi-functional transcription factor, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1), previously shown to be upregulated in primary myofibroblasts derived from DD tissues. Proinflammatory cytokine stimuli of DD myofibroblasts enhanced the expression of several distinct WT1 variants, the most sustained being a 5' truncated version of WT1, alternative WT1 (AWT1). Constitutive adenoviral expression of AWT1 in myofibroblasts derived from phenotypically non-fibrotic palmar fascia significantly induced the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including some with potential as novel therapeutic targets. In summary, these data implicate roles for sustained AWT1 expression in DD as a transcriptional driver of a proinflammatory fascial milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Luo
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - Trisiah Tugade
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - Emmy Sun
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - Ana Maria Pena Diaz
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON N6A 4V2 Canada
| | - David B. O’Gorman
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON N6A 4V2 Canada
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13
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Kokubo K, Onodera A, Kiuchi M, Tsuji K, Hirahara K, Nakayama T. Conventional and pathogenic Th2 cells in inflammation, tissue repair, and fibrosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945063. [PMID: 36016937 PMCID: PMC9395650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 helper T (Th2) cells, a subset of CD4+ T cells, play an important role in the host defense against pathogens and allergens by producing Th2 cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13, to trigger inflammatory responses. Emerging evidence reveals that Th2 cells also contribute to the repair of injured tissues after inflammatory reactions. However, when the tissue repair process becomes chronic, excessive, or uncontrolled, pathological fibrosis is induced, leading to organ failure and death. Thus, proper control of Th2 cells is needed for complete tissue repair without the induction of fibrosis. Recently, the existence of pathogenic Th2 (Tpath2) cells has been revealed. Tpath2 cells produce large amounts of Th2 cytokines and induce type 2 inflammation when activated by antigen exposure or tissue injury. In recent studies, Tpath2 cells are suggested to play a central role in the induction of type 2 inflammation whereas the role of Tpath2 cells in tissue repair and fibrosis has been less reported in comparison to conventional Th2 cells. In this review, we discuss the roles of conventional Th2 cells and pathogenic Th2 cells in the sequence of tissue inflammation, repair, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsuji
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kiyoshi Hirahara, ; Toshinori Nakayama,
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kiyoshi Hirahara, ; Toshinori Nakayama,
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14
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Single-cell RNA sequencing depicts the local cell landscape in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100699. [PMID: 35896115 PMCID: PMC9418739 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
There is a specific reactivity and characteristic remodeling of the periocular tissue in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). However, local cell changes responsible for these pathological processes have not been sufficiently identified. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing is performed to characterize the transcriptional changes of cellular components in the orbital connective tissue in individuals with TAO. Our study shows that lipofibroblasts with RASD1 expression are highly involved in inflammation and adipogenesis during TAO. ACKR1+ endothelial cells and adipose tissue macrophages may engage in TAO pathogenesis. We find CD8+CD57+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes with the terminal differentiation phenotype to be another source of interferon-γ, a molecule actively engaging in TAO pathogenesis. Cell-cell communication analysis reveals increased activity of CXCL8/ACKR1 and TNFSF4/TNFRSF4 interactions in TAO. This study provides a comprehensive local cell landscape of TAO and may be valuable for future therapy investigation. A local transcriptional landscape of orbital connective tissue in TAO is developed RASD1-expressing lipofibroblasts are highly involved in adipogenesis and inflammation ACKR1+ endothelial cells contribute to inflammatory cell infiltration in TAO Adipose tissue macrophages engage in lipid metabolism and inflammatory response in TAO
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15
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Chen X, Ma H, Mo S, Zhang Y, Lu Z, Yu S, Chen J. Analysis of the OX40/OX40L immunoregulatory axis combined with alternative immune checkpoint molecules in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:942154. [PMID: 35936015 PMCID: PMC9352865 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.942154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint modulation has been a vital therapeutic option in many malignancies, and targeting of novel immune checkpoints, including OX40/OX40L costimulatory signaling, is being assessed in clinical trials. However, little is known about the role of OX40 and OX40L in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Thus, we investigated the clinical significance of OX-40 and OX40L and their associations with alternative immune checkpoints, immune infiltrates, clinicopathological features, and clinical outcomes. We performed multiplexed immunofluorescence staining for OX40, OX40L, CD8, and CD68 using tissue microarrays from 255 patients. Immunohistochemistry data for PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4, CD3, and Foxp3 were analyzed. And the RNA sequencing data of OX40/OX40L in The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium databases were also evaluated. The positive rates for OX40 on tumor cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs) were 8.6% and 10.2%, respectively, and the positive rates for OX40L on TCs, ICs, and macrophages were 20%, 40.4%, and 12.9%, respectively. OX40 was associated with favorable clinicopathological features. OX40+ on ICs, OX40L+ on TCs, or OX40L+ on macrophages, rather than the total gene and protein levels of OX40/OX40L, were associated with improved survival. OX40+ on ICs and OX40L+ on macrophages were independent factors of clinical outcomes. Moreover, we could more accurately stratify patients through the combination of OX40 on ICs and OX40L on TCs, and patients with OX40+ ICs and OX40L+CK+ showed the best outcome. And we demonstrated that patients with OX40-ICs and low CD8+ T cells infiltration had unfavorable survival. Intriguingly, OX40+ ICs or OX40L+ macrophages demonstrated superior survival in patients with PD-L1 negativity than in those with PD-L1 positivity. Furthermore, OX40+ ICs were correlated with negative B7-H4 on TCs, high densities of CD3 T cells, and high densities of Foxp3 T cells; OX40+ TCs and OX40L+ TCs were associated with low densities of Foxp3 T cells. We identified OX40 and OX40L as promising predictors for prognosis in PDAC.
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16
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Ricard L, Eshagh D, Siblany L, de Vassoigne F, Malard F, Laurent C, Beurier P, Jachiet V, Rivière S, Fain O, Mohty M, Gaugler B, Mekinian A. 6-sulfo LacNAc monocytes are quantitatively and functionally disturbed in systemic sclerosis patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 209:175-181. [PMID: 35758259 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis, microangiopathy and autoantibodies. We previously reported that circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells are increased in SSc and induce plasmablast differentiation. However, mechanisms leading to cTfh cell expansion and activation in SSc remain to be established. Tfh cells require IL-12 for their expansion and differentiation. 6-sulfo LacNAc monocytes (slanMo), a subset of monocytes, have a higher capacity to produce IL-12 and to induce CD4 + T cell proliferation in comparison with dendritic cells (DC) or classical monocytes. The aim of this study was to perform a quantitative and functional analysis of monocytes and DC and to correlate them with cTfh cell expansion and clinical manifestations in SSc. Using flow cytometry, we analyzed different monocyte subsets including slanMo and DC from 36 SSc patients and 26 healthy controls (HC). In vitro culture experiments of sorted slanMo were performed for functional analysis and cytokine production. We observed that slanMo, intermediate and non-classical monocytes were increased in SSc in comparison with HC. Furthermore, the increase in slanMo cells was more potent in patients with diffuse SSc. We observed a significant positive correlation between slanMo and cTfh cell levels in SSc patients but not in HC. Other monocyte subsets did not correlate with cTfh cell expansion. In addition, we observed that in vitro, slanMo cells from SSc patients produced less IL-12 than slanMo from HC. SlanMo are increased in SSc and may participate in the activation of cTfh cells in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Ricard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Déborah Eshagh
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Médecine Interne et de l'Inflammation-(DHU i2B), F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Lama Siblany
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric de Vassoigne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Florent Malard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Laurent
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Médecine Interne et de l'Inflammation-(DHU i2B), F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Beurier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Jachiet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Médecine Interne et de l'Inflammation-(DHU i2B), F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Rivière
- AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Médecine Interne et de l'Inflammation-(DHU i2B), F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Fain
- AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Médecine Interne et de l'Inflammation-(DHU i2B), F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Gaugler
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Arsène Mekinian
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), F-75012 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Médecine Interne et de l'Inflammation-(DHU i2B), F-75012, Paris, France
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17
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Mohammadi P, Hesari M, Chalabi M, Salari F, Khademi F. An overview of immune checkpoint therapy in autoimmune diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Orvain C, Cauvet A, Prudent A, Guignabert C, Thuillet R, Ottaviani M, Tu L, Duhalde F, Nicco C, Batteux F, Avouac J, Wang N, Seaberg MA, Dillon SR, Allanore Y. Acazicolcept (ALPN-101), a dual ICOS/CD28 antagonist, demonstrates efficacy in systemic sclerosis preclinical mouse models. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:13. [PMID: 34986869 PMCID: PMC8728910 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uncontrolled immune response with T cell activation has a key role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), a disorder that is characterized by generalized fibrosis affecting particularly the lungs and skin. Costimulatory molecules are key players during immune activation, and recent evidence supports a role of CD28 and ICOS in the development of fibrosis. We herein investigated the efficacy of acazicolcept (ALPN-101), a dual ICOS/CD28 antagonist, in two complementary SSc-related mouse models recapitulating skin fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension. Methods Expression of circulating soluble ICOS and skin-expressed ICOS was investigated in SSc patients. Thereafter, acazicolcept was evaluated in the hypochlorous acid (HOCL)-induced dermal fibrosis mouse model and in the Fra-2 transgenic (Tg) mouse model. In each model, mice received 400 μg of acazicolcept or a molar-matched dose of an Fc control protein twice a week for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, skin and lung were evaluated. Results ICOS was significantly increased in the sera from SSc patients and in SSc skin biopsies as compared to samples from healthy controls. Similar body weight changes were observed between Fc control and acazicolcept groups in both HOCL and Fra-2 Tg mice suggesting a good tolerance of acazicolcept treatment. In mice challenged with HOCL, acazicolcept induced a significant decrease in dermal thickness, collagen content, myofibroblast number, and inflammatory infiltrates characterized by B cells, T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. In the Fra-2 Tg mouse model, acazicolcept treatment reduced lung collagen content, fibrillar collagen, histological fibrosis score, and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP). A reduction in frequency of CD4+ and T effector memory cells and an increase in the percentage of CD4+ T naïve cells in spleen and lung of acazicolcept-treated Fra-2 Tg mice was observed as compared to Fc control-treated Fra-2 Tg mice. Moreover, acazicolcept reduced CD69 and PD-1 expression on CD4+ T cells from the spleen and the lung. Target engagement by acazicolcept was demonstrated by blockade of CD28 and ICOS detection by flow cytometry in treated mice. Conclusions Our results confirm the importance of costimulatory molecules in inflammatory-driven fibrosis. Our data highlight a key role of ICOS and CD28 in SSc. Using complementary models, we demonstrated that dual ICOS/CD28 blockade by acazicolcept decreased dermal and pulmonary fibrosis and alleviated pulmonary hypertension. These results pave the way for subsequent research on ICOS/CD28-targeted therapies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02709-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Orvain
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Prudent
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mina Ottaviani
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Fanny Duhalde
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Carole Nicco
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Service d'immunologie biologique (Professeur Batteux), Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Cochin, 75014, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Yannick Allanore
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Cochin, 75014, Paris, France.
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19
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Hinchcliff M, Garcia-Milian R, Di Donato S, Dill K, Bundschuh E, Galdo FD. Cellular and Molecular Diversity in Scleroderma. Semin Immunol 2021; 58:101648. [PMID: 35940960 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing armamentarium of high-throughput tools available at manageable cost, it is attractive and informative to determine the molecular underpinnings of patient heterogeneity in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Given the highly variable clinical outcomes of patients labelled with the same diagnosis, unravelling the cellular and molecular basis of disease heterogeneity will be crucial to predicting disease risk, stratifying management and ultimately informing a patient-centered precision medicine approach. Herein, we summarise the findings of the past several years in the fields of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics that contribute to unraveling the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of SSc. Expansion of these findings and their routine integration with quantitative analysis of histopathology and imaging studies into clinical care promise to inform a scientifically driven patient-centred personalized medicine approach to SSc in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Hinchcliff
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, USA.
| | | | - Stefano Di Donato
- Raynaud's and Scleroderma Programme, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, UK
| | | | - Elizabeth Bundschuh
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, USA
| | - Francesco Del Galdo
- Raynaud's and Scleroderma Programme, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leeds, UK.
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20
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Schoonderwoerd MJA, Hakuno SK, Sassen M, Kuhlemaijer EB, Paauwe M, Slingerland M, Fransen MF, Hawinkels LJAC. Targeting Endoglin Expressing Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment Does Not Inhibit Tumor Growth in a Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5205-5220. [PMID: 34744438 PMCID: PMC8565992 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s322276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer and is known to have low immunogenicity and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. It is also characterized by high accumulation of dense stroma, composed of mostly cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Multiple subsets of CAFs are described, with one of them expressing the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β co-receptor endoglin. In previous work, we and others have shown that endoglin-expressing CAFs stimulate tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, in this study, we set out to investigate the role of endoglin-expressing CAFs in pancreatic cancer progression. Methods First, we investigated the expression of endoglin on CAFs in both human tissues as well as a mouse model for PDAC. Since CAF-specific endoglin expression was high, we targeted endoglin by using the endoglin neutralizing antibody TRC105 in the murine KPC model for PDAC. Results Although some signs of immune activation were observed, TRC105 did not affect tumor growth. Since 90% of the CD8+ T-cells expressed the immune checkpoint PD-1, we investigated the combination with a PD1 checkpoint inhibitor, which did not enhance therapeutic responses. Finally, genetic deletion of endoglin from collagen 1a1 expressing cells also did not affect the growth of the mouse KPC tumors. Conclusion Our results show that although endoglin is highly expressed on PDAC-CAFs and signaling is efficiently inhibited by TRC105, this does not result in decreased tumor growth in the KPC model for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J A Schoonderwoerd
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah K Hakuno
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Sassen
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eleonore B Kuhlemaijer
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Madelon Paauwe
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marije Slingerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke F Fransen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas J A C Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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21
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Gibb AA, Murray EK, Eaton DM, Huynh AT, Tomar D, Garbincius JF, Kolmetzky DW, Berretta RM, Wallner M, Houser SR, Elrod JW. Molecular Signature of HFpEF: Systems Biology in a Cardiac-Centric Large Animal Model. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:650-672. [PMID: 34466752 PMCID: PMC8385567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study the authors used systems biology to define progressive changes in metabolism and transcription in a large animal model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Transcriptomic analysis of cardiac tissue, 1-month post-banding, revealed loss of electron transport chain components, and this was supported by changes in metabolism and mitochondrial function, altogether signifying alterations in oxidative metabolism. Established HFpEF, 4 months post-banding, resulted in changes in intermediary metabolism with normalized mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction and energetic deficiencies were noted in skeletal muscle at early and late phases of disease, suggesting cardiac-derived signaling contributes to peripheral tissue maladaptation in HFpEF. Collectively, these results provide insights into the cellular biology underlying HFpEF progression.
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Key Words
- BCAA, branched chain amino acids
- DAG, diacylglycerol
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EF, ejection fraction
- ESI, electrospray ionization
- ETC, electron transport chain
- FC, fold change
- FDR, false discovery rate
- GO, gene ontology
- HF, heart failure
- HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- LA, left atrial
- LAV, left atrial volume
- LV, left ventricle/ventricular
- MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry
- RCR, respiratory control ratio
- RI, retention index
- UPLC, ultraperformance liquid chromatography
- heart failure
- m/z, mass to charge ratio
- metabolomics
- mitochondria
- preserved ejection fraction
- systems biology
- transcriptomics
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. Gibb
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emma K. Murray
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deborah M. Eaton
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anh T. Huynh
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joanne F. Garbincius
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devin W. Kolmetzky
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Remus M. Berretta
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Markus Wallner
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, CBmed GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Steven R. Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John W. Elrod
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Address for correspondence: Dr John W. Elrod, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3500 N Broad Street, MERB 949, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review susceptibility genes and how they could integrate in systemic sclerosis (SSc) pathophysiology providing insight and perspectives for innovative therapies. RECENT FINDINGS SSc is a rare disease characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulated immunity and fibrosis. Genome-Wide association studies and ImmunoChip studies performed in recent years revealed associated genetic variants mainly localized in noncoding regions and mostly affecting the immune system of SSc patients. Gene variants were described in innate immunity (IRF5, IRF7 and TLR2), T and B cells activation (CD247, TNFAIP3, STAT4 and BLK) and NF-κB pathway (TNFAIP3 and TNIP1) confirming previous biological data. In addition to impacting immune response, CSK, DDX6, DNASE1L3 and GSDMA/B could also act in the vascular and fibrotic components of SSc. SUMMARY Although genetic studies highlighted the dysregulated immune response in SSc, future research must focus on a deeper characterization of these variants with determination of their functional effects. Moreover, the role of these genes or others on specific vasculopathy and fibrosis would provide insight. Establishment of polygenic score or integrated genome approaches could identify new targets specific of SSc clinical features. This will allow physicians to propose new therapies to SSc patients.
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23
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Showalter K, Spiera R, Magro C, Agius P, Martyanov V, Franks JM, Sharma R, Geiger H, Wood TA, Zhang Y, Hale CR, Finik J, Whitfield ML, Orange DE, Gordon JK. Machine learning integration of scleroderma histology and gene expression identifies fibroblast polarisation as a hallmark of clinical severity and improvement. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:228-237. [PMID: 33028580 PMCID: PMC8600653 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine histologic and gene expression features of clinical improvement in early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc; scleroderma). METHODS Fifty-eight forearm biopsies were evaluated from 26 individuals with dcSSc in two clinical trials. Histologic/immunophenotypic assessments of global severity, alpha-smooth muscle actin (aSMA), CD34, collagen, inflammatory infiltrate, follicles and thickness were compared with gene expression and clinical data. Support vector machine learning was performed using scleroderma gene expression subset (normal-like, fibroproliferative, inflammatory) as classifiers and histology scores as inputs. Comparison of w-vector mean absolute weights was used to identify histologic features most predictive of gene expression subset. We then tested for differential gene expression according to histologic severity and compared those with clinical improvement (according to the Combined Response Index in Systemic Sclerosis). RESULTS aSMA was highest and CD34 lowest in samples with highest local Modified Rodnan Skin Score. CD34 and aSMA changed significantly from baseline to 52 weeks in clinical improvers. CD34 and aSMA were the strongest predictors of gene expression subset, with highest CD34 staining in the normal-like subset (p<0.001) and highest aSMA staining in the inflammatory subset (p=0.016). Analysis of gene expression according to CD34 and aSMA binarised scores identified a 47-gene fibroblast polarisation signature that decreases over time only in improvers (vs non-improvers). Pathway analysis of these genes identified gene expression signatures of inflammatory fibroblasts. CONCLUSION CD34 and aSMA stains describe distinct fibroblast polarisation states, are associated with gene expression subsets and clinical assessments, and may be useful biomarkers of clinical severity and improvement in dcSSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Showalter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Spiera
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia Magro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Viktor Martyanov
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jennifer M Franks
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | | | - Tammara A Wood
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Yaxia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caryn R Hale
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Department of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael L Whitfield
- Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Dana E Orange
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica K Gordon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Zhang C, Cui T, Cai R, Wangpaichitr M, Mirsaeidi M, Schally AV, Jackson RM. Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Lung Physiology and Pulmonary Disease. Cells 2020; 9:E2331. [PMID: 33096674 PMCID: PMC7589146 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is secreted primarily from the hypothalamus, but other tissues, including the lungs, produce it locally. GHRH stimulates the release and secretion of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary and regulates the production of GH and hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Pituitary-type GHRH-receptors (GHRH-R) are expressed in human lungs, indicating that GHRH or GH could participate in lung development, growth, and repair. GHRH-R antagonists (i.e., synthetic peptides), which we have tested in various models, exert growth-inhibitory effects in lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo in addition to having anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and pro-apoptotic effects. One antagonist of the GHRH-R used in recent studies reviewed here, MIA-602, lessens both inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of bleomycin lung injury. GHRH and its peptide agonists regulate the proliferation of fibroblasts through the modulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt pathways. In addition to downregulating GH and IGF-1, GHRH-R antagonist MIA-602 inhibits signaling pathways relevant to inflammation, including p21-activated kinase 1-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/nuclear factor-kappa B (PAK1-STAT3/NF-κB and ERK). MIA-602 induces fibroblast apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, which is an effect that is likely important in antifibrotic actions. Taken together, the novel data reviewed here show that GHRH is an important peptide that participates in lung homeostasis, inflammation, wound healing, and cancer; and GHRH-R antagonists may have therapeutic potential in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxu Zhang
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Tengjiao Cui
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Medhi Wangpaichitr
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Andrew V. Schally
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
- Department of Pathology and Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Robert M. Jackson
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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25
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The Therapy of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Paracoccidioidomycosis: What Are the New Experimental Approaches? J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040217. [PMID: 33050568 PMCID: PMC7712212 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is considered the most important sequela developed in patients suffering from the chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), which leads to the loss of respiratory function in 50% of cases; this residual pulmonary abnormality is present even after antifungal treatment. To date, there is no effective treatment for PF. However, the use of antifungal drugs in combination with other antibiotics or immunomodulatory compounds, as well as biological therapies that include a monoclonal antibody specific to neutrophils, or prophylactic vaccination employing a recombinant antigen of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis that successfully attenuated PF, has been reported. Additionally, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in combination with antifungal therapy slightly reduced the inflammatory response and profibrotic molecules induced by P. brasiliensis infection. In this review, I report experimental findings from several studies aiming to identify promising therapeutic strategies for treating PF developed in PCM.
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26
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Zhang M, Zhang S. T Cells in Fibrosis and Fibrotic Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1142. [PMID: 32676074 PMCID: PMC7333347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the extensive deposition of fibrous connective tissue, and it is characterized by the accumulation of collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Fibrosis is essential for wound healing and tissue repair in response to a variety of triggers, which include infection, inflammation, autoimmune disorder, degenerative disease, tumor, and injury. Fibrotic remodeling in various diseases, such as liver cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal interstitial fibrosis, myocardial infarction, systemic sclerosis (SSc), and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), can impair organ function, causing high morbidity and mortality. Both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in fibrogenesis. Although the roles of macrophages in fibrogenesis have been studied for many years, the underlying mechanisms concerning the manner in which T cells regulate fibrosis are not completely understood. The T cell receptor (TCR) engages the antigen and shapes the repertoire of antigen-specific T cells. Based on the divergent expression of surface molecules and cell functions, T cells are subdivided into natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδ T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), regulatory T (Treg) cells, T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells, and T helper cells, including Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. In this review, we summarize the pro-fibrotic or anti-fibrotic roles and distinct mechanisms of different T cell subsets. On reviewing the literature, we conclude that the T cell regulations are commonly disease-specific and tissue-specific. Finally, we provide perspectives on microbiota, viral infection, and metabolism, and discuss the current advancements of technologies for identifying novel targets and developing immunotherapies for intervention in fibrosis and fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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27
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O'Donnell PH, Trubetskoy V, Nurhussein-Patterson A, Hall JP, Nath A, Huo D, Fleming GF, Ingle JN, Abramson VG, Morrow PK, Storniolo AM, Forero A, Van Poznak C, Liu MC, Chang JC, Merkel DE, Peppercorn JM, Rugo HS, Dees EC, Hahn OM, Hoffman PC, Rosner GL, Huang RS, Ratain MJ, Cox N, Olopade OI, Wolff AC, Dolan ME, Nanda R. Clinical evaluation of germline polymorphisms associated with capecitabine toxicity in breast cancer: TBCRC-015. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 181:623-633. [PMID: 32378051 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Capecitabine is important in breast cancer treatment but causes diarrhea and hand-foot syndrome (HFS), affecting adherence and quality of life. We sought to identify pharmacogenomic predictors of capecitabine toxicity using a novel monitoring tool. METHODS Patients with metastatic breast cancer were prospectively treated with capecitabine (2000 mg/m2/day, 14 days on/7 off). Patients completed in-person toxicity questionnaires (day 1/cycle) and automated phone-in assessments (days 8, 15). Correlation of genotypes with early and overall toxicity was the primary endpoint. RESULTS Two hundred and fifty-nine patients were enrolled (14 institutions). Diarrhea and HFS occurred in 52% (17% grade 3) and 69% (9% grade 3), respectively. Only 29% of patients completed four cycles without dose reduction/interruption. In 39%, the highest toxicity grade was captured via phone. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with diarrhea-DPYD*5 (odds ratio [OR] 4.9; P = 0.0005), a MTHFR missense SNP (OR 3.3; P = 0.02), and a SNP upstream of MTRR (OR 3.0; P = 0.03). GWAS elucidated a novel HFS SNP (OR 3.0; P = 0.0007) near TNFSF4 (OX40L), a gene implicated in autoimmunity including autoimmune skin diseases never before implicated in HFS. Genotype-gene expression analyses of skin tissues identified rs11158568 (associated with HFS via GWAS) with expression of CHURC1, a transcriptional activator controlling fibroblast growth factor (beta = - 0.74; P = 1.46 × 10-23), representing a previously unidentified mechanism for HFS. CONCLUSIONS This is the first cancer pharmacogenomic study to use phone-in self-reporting, permitting augmented toxicity characterization. Three germline toxicity SNPs were replicated, and several novel SNPs/genes having strong functional relevance were discovered. If further validated, these markers could permit personalized capecitabine dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H O'Donnell
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Vassily Trubetskoy
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Universitatsmedizin Berlin Campus Charite Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Julianne P Hall
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Aritro Nath
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Dezheng Huo
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Gini F Fleming
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | | | - P K Morrow
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.,Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, USA
| | | | | | | | - Minetta C Liu
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.,Georgetown University, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hope S Rugo
- University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Olwen M Hahn
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Philip C Hoffman
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - R Stephanie Huang
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Mark J Ratain
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Nancy Cox
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
| | | | | | - M Eileen Dolan
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Rita Nanda
- The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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28
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Tripathi T, Yin W, Xue Y, Zurawski S, Fujita H, Hanabuchi S, Liu YJ, Oh S, Joo H. Central Roles of OX40L-OX40 Interaction in the Induction and Progression of Human T Cell-Driven Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease. Immunohorizons 2019; 3:110-120. [PMID: 31240276 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1900001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is one of the major obstacles for the success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here, we report that the interaction between OX40L and OX40 is of critical importance for both induction and progression of acute GVHD (aGVHD) driven by human T cells. Anti-human OX40L monoclonal antibody (hOX40L) treatment could thus effectively reduce the disease severity in a xenogeneic-aGVHD (x-aGVHD) model in both preventative and therapeutic modes. Mechanistically, blocking OX40L-OX40 interaction with an anti-hOX40L antibody reduces infiltration of human T cells in target organs, including liver, gut, lung, and skin. It also decreases IL-21- and TNF-producing T cell responses, while promoting regulatory T cell (Treg) responses without compromising the cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells. Single blockade of hOX40L was thus more effective than dual blockade of IL-21 and TNF in reducing the severity of aGVHD as well as mortality. Data from this study indicate that OX40L-OX40 interactions play a central role in the pathogenesis of aGVHD induced by human T cells. Therapeutic strategies that can efficiently interrupt OX40L-OX40 interaction in patients might have potential to provide patients with an improved clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trivendra Tripathi
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - Wenjie Yin
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - Yaming Xue
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - Sandra Zurawski
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - Haruyuki Fujita
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - Shino Hanabuchi
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and.,Sanofi, Cambridge, MA 01701
| | - SangKon Oh
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259.,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
| | - HyeMee Joo
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259; .,Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204; and
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29
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Zhang C, Cai R, Lazerson A, Delcroix G, Wangpaichitr M, Mirsaeidi M, Griswold AJ, Schally AV, Jackson RM. Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Receptor Antagonist Modulates Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis due to Bleomycin. Lung 2019; 197:541-549. [PMID: 31392398 PMCID: PMC6778540 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-019-00257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a 44-amino acid peptide that regulates growth hormone (GH) secretion. We hypothesized that a GHRH receptor (GHRH-R) antagonist, MIA-602, would inhibit bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and/or fibrosis in C57Bl/6J mice. METHODS We tested whether MIA-602 (5 μg or vehicle given subcutaneously [SC] on days 1-21) would decrease lung inflammation (at day 14) and/or fibrosis (at day 28) in mice treated with intraperitoneal (IP) bleomycin (0.8 units on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21). Bleomycin resulted in inflammation and fibrosis around airways and vessels evident histologically at days 14 and 28. RESULTS Inflammation (histopathologic scores assessed blindly) was visibly less evident in mice treated with MIA-602 for 14 days. After 28 days, lung hydroxyproline (HP) content increased significantly in mice treated with vehicle; in contrast, lung HP did not increase significantly compared to naïve controls in mice treated with GHRH-R antagonist. GHRH-R antagonist increased basal and maximal oxygen consumption of cultured lung fibroblasts. Multiple genes related to chemotaxis, IL-1, chemokines, regulation of inflammation, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) were upregulated in lungs of mice treated with bleomycin and MIA-602. MIA-602 also prominently suppressed multiple genes related to the cellular immune response including those for T-cell differentiation, receptor signaling, activation, and cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS MIA-602 reduced lung inflammation and fibrosis due to bleomycin. Multiple genes related to immune response and T-cell functions were downregulated, supporting the view that MIA-602 can modulate the cellular immune response to bleomycin lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
| | - Aaron Lazerson
- Department of Comparative Pathology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | | | | | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Anthony J Griswold
- Dr. John T. MacDonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Andrew V Schally
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL, 33125, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
- Department of Pathology and Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Robert M Jackson
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL, 33125, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33101, USA.
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL, 33125, USA.
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30
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Deng J, Zhao S, Zhang X, Jia K, Wang H, Zhou C, He Y. OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand, important immune checkpoints in cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7347-7353. [PMID: 31564917 PMCID: PMC6735535 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s214211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shown promising results in cancer treatment. Research shows that most patients might be resistant to these therapies. So, new immune therapies are needed. OX40 (CD134) and OX40 ligand (OX40L), costimulatory molecules, express on different types of immune cells. The interaction between OX40 and OX40L (OX40/OX40L) induces the expansion and proliferation of T cells and decreases the immunosuppression of regulatory T (Treg) cells to enhance the immune response to the specific antigen. For the important role OX40 takes in the process of immunity, many clinical trials are focusing on OX40 to find out whether it may have active effects in clinical cancer treatment. The results of clinical trials are still not enough. So, we reviewed the OX40 and its ligand (OX40L) function in cancer, clinical trials with OX40/OX40L and the correlation between OX40/OX40L and other immune checkpoints to add more ideas to tumor feasible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyi Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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31
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Wu M, Skaug B, Bi X, Mills T, Salazar G, Zhou X, Reveille J, Agarwal SK, Blackburn MR, Mayes MD, Assassi S. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) represents a link between inflammation and fibrosis in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1583-1591. [PMID: 31439591 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is considerable evidence that implicates dysregulation of type I interferon signalling (or type I IFN signature) in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) has been recognised as a master regulator of type I IFN signalling. The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of IRF7 in dermal fibrosis and SSc pathogenesis. METHODS SSc and healthy control skin biopsies were investigated to determine IRF7 expression and activation. The role of IRF7 in fibrosis was investigated using IRF7 knockout (KO) mice in the bleomycin-induced and TSK/+mouse models. In vitro experiments with dermal fibroblasts from patients with SSc and healthy controls were performed. RESULTS IRF7 expression was significantly upregulated and activated in SSc skin tissue and explanted SSc dermal fibroblasts compared with unaffected, matched controls. Moreover, IRF7 expression was stimulated by IFN-α in dermal fibroblasts. Importantly, IRF7 co-immunoprecipitated with Smad3, a key mediator of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling, and IRF7 knockdown reduced profibrotic factors in SSc fibroblasts. IRF7 KO mice demonstrated attenuated dermal fibrosis and inflammation compared with wild-type mice in response to bleomycin. Specifically, hydroxyproline content, dermal thickness as well as Col1a2, ACTA2 and interleukin-6 mRNA levels were significantly attenuated in IRF7 KO mice skin tissue. Furthermore, IRF7 KO in TSK/+mice attenuated hydroxyproline content, subcutaneous hypodermal thickness, Col1a2 mRNA as well as α-smooth muscle actin and fibronectin expression. CONCLUSIONS IRF7 is upregulated in SSc skin, interacts with Smad3 and potentiates TGF-β-mediated fibrosis, and therefore may represent a promising therapeutic target in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Wu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian Skaug
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiongjie Bi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science And Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Mills
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John Reveille
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maureen D Mayes
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Korman B. Evolving insights into the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. Transl Res 2019; 209:77-89. [PMID: 30876809 PMCID: PMC6545260 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) is a complex multisystem disease characterized by autoimmunity, vasculopathy, and most notably, fibrosis. Multiple lines of evidence demonstrate a variety of emerging cellular and molecular pathways which are relevant to fibrosis in SSc. The myofibroblast remains the key effector cell in SSc. Understanding the development, differentiation, and function of the myofibroblast is therefore crucial to understanding the fibrotic phenotype of SSc. Studies now show that (1) multiple cell types give rise to myofibroblasts, (2) fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are heterogeneous, and (3) that a large number of (primarily immune) cells have important influences on the transition of fibroblasts to an activated myofibroblasts. In SSc, this differentiation process involves multiple pathways, including well known signaling cascades such as TGF-β and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling, as well as epigenetic reprogramming and a number of more recently defined cellular pathways. After reviewing the major and emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying SSc, this article looks to identify clinical applications where this new molecular knowledge may allow for targeted treatment and personalized medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Korman
- Division of Allergy/Immunology & Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
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Elhai M, Hoffmann‐Vold AM, Avouac J, Pezet S, Cauvet A, Leblond A, Fretheim H, Garen T, Kuwana M, Molberg Ø, Allanore Y. Performance of Candidate Serum Biomarkers for Systemic Sclerosis–Associated Interstitial Lung Disease. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:972-982. [DOI: 10.1002/art.40815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Elhai
- INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University, and Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University Paris France
| | | | - Jérôme Avouac
- INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University, and Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University Paris France
| | - Sonia Pezet
- INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University Paris France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University Paris France
| | - Agathe Leblond
- INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University Paris France
| | - Håvard Fretheim
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo and Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Torhild Garen
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo and Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | | | - Øyvind Molberg
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo and Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - Yannick Allanore
- INSERM U1016, UMR8104, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University, and Cochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University Paris France
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Blandinières A, Gille T, Sadoine J, Bièche I, Slimani L, Dizier B, Gaussem P, Chaussain C, Planes C, Dorfmüller P, Israël-Biet D, Smadja DM. Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells Do Not Participate to Fibrogenesis in a Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Model in Nude Mice. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 14:812-822. [PMID: 30267203 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease characterized by fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition, destruction of pulmonary alveolar architecture and vascular remodeling. Apart pirfenidone or nintendanib that only slow down the fibrotic process, there is no curative treatment other than lung transplantation. Because cell therapy approaches have been proposed in IPF, we hypothesized that injection of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), the vasculogenic subtype of endothelial progenitor cells, could modulate fibrosis in a Nude mouse model of bleomycin induced-pulmonary fibrosis. Mice were injected with ECFCs isolated from cord blood and from peripheral blood of adult IPF patients at two time-points: during the development of the fibrosis or once the fibrosis was constituted. We assessed morbidity, weight variation, collagen deposition, lung imaging by microCT, Fulton score and microvascular density. Neither ECFCs isolated from cord blood nor from IPF patients were able to modulate fibrosis or vascular density during fibrogenesis or when fibrosis was constituted. These findings indicate that human ECFCs do not promote an adaptive regenerative response in the lung upon fibrosis or angiogenic process in the setting of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Blandinières
- AP-HP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Hematology Department , Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Gille
- AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Physiology Department , Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Sadoine
- Laboratory EA 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Montrouge, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Pharmacogenomics Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Lofti Slimani
- Laboratory EA 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Montrouge, France
| | - Blandine Dizier
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- AP-HP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Hematology Department , Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Laboratory EA 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Montrouge, France
| | - Carole Planes
- AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Physiology Department , Paris, France
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, INSERM U999, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Dominique Israël-Biet
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
- AP-HP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Respiratory Medicine Department , Paris, France
| | - David M Smadja
- AP-HP, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Hematology Department , Paris, France.
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France.
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Boleto G, Allanore Y, Avouac J. Targeting Costimulatory Pathways in Systemic Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2998. [PMID: 30619351 PMCID: PMC6305435 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune T-cell disease that is characterized by pathological fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. SSc is considered a prototype condition for studying the links between autoimmunity and fibrosis. Costimulatory pathways such as CD28/CTLA-4, ICOS-B7RP1, CD70-CD27, CD40-CD154, or OX40-OX40L play an essential role in the modulation of T-cell and inflammatory immune responses. A growing body of evidence suggests that T-cell costimulation signals might be implicated in the pathogenesis of SSc. CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, and OX40L are overexpressed in patients with SSc, particularly in patients with cutaneous diffuse forms. In pre-clinical models of SSc, T-cell costimulation blockade with abatacept (CTLA-4-Ig) prevented and induced the regression of inflammation-driven dermal fibrosis, improved digestive involvement, prevented lung fibrosis, and attenuated pulmonary hypertension in complementary models of SSc. Likewise, potent anti-fibrotic effects were seen with the blockade of OX40L by reducing the infiltration of inflammatory cells into lesional tissues leading to decreased fibroblast activation. Concerning clinical effects, a preliminary observational study suggested some effectiveness of abatacept on inflammatory joint involvement, whereas clinical improvement of skin fibrosis was observed in a small placebo-controlled randomized trial. Currently there is one ongoing phase II clinical trial assessing the efficacy of abatacept in SSc (ASSET trial, NCT02161406). Overall, given the lack of available effective agents and the known toxic effects of immunosuppressive agents approved for use in SSc, costimulatory pathways offer the advantage of a targeted approach to costimulatory signals and potentially a better safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Boleto
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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36
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Boleto G, Guignabert C, Pezet S, Cauvet A, Sadoine J, Tu L, Nicco C, Gobeaux C, Batteux F, Allanore Y, Avouac J. T-cell costimulation blockade is effective in experimental digestive and lung tissue fibrosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:197. [PMID: 30157927 PMCID: PMC6116494 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the efficacy of abatacept in preclinical mouse models of digestive involvement, pulmonary fibrosis, and related pulmonary hypertension (PH), mimicking internal organ involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods Abatacept has been evaluated in the chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) mouse model (abatacept 1 mg/mL for 6 weeks), characterized by liver and intestinal fibrosis and in the Fra-2 mouse model (1 mg/mL or 10 mg/mL for 4 weeks), characterized by interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary vascular remodeling leading to PH. Results In the cGvHD model, abatacept significantly decreased liver transaminase levels and markedly improved colon inflammation. In the Fra-2 model, abatacept alleviated ILD, with a significant reduction in lung density on chest microcomputed tomography (CT), fibrosis histological score, and lung biochemical markers. Moreover, abatacept reversed PH in Fra-2 mice by improving vessel remodeling and related cardiac hemodynamic impairment. Abatacept significantly reduced fibrogenic marker levels, T-cell proliferation, and M1/M2 macrophage infiltration in lesional lungs of Fra-2 mice. Conclusion Abatacept improves digestive involvement, prevents lung fibrosis, and attenuates PH. These findings suggest that abatacept might be an appealing therapeutic approach beyond skin fibrosis for organ involvement in SSc. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1694-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Boleto
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sonia Pezet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Sadoine
- EA 2496 Pathologie, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, UFR Odontologie, Université Paris Descartes and PIDV, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Carole Nicco
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Camille Gobeaux
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Cochin and Hôtel-Dieu Hospitals, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.
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Huang C, Zhang L, Shi Y, Yi H, Zhao Y, Chen J, Pollock CA, Chen XM. The KCa3.1 blocker TRAM34 reverses renal damage in a mouse model of established diabetic nephropathy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192800. [PMID: 29425253 PMCID: PMC5806905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite optimal control of hyperglycaemia, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, the number of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) continues to grow. Strategies to target various signaling pathways to prevent DN have been intensively investigated in animal models and many have been proved to be promising. However, targeting these pathways once kidney disease is established, remain unsatisfactory. The clinical scenario is that patients with diabetes mellitus often present with established kidney damage and need effective treatments to repair and reverse the kidney damage. In this studies, eNOS-/- mice were administered with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. At 24 weeks, at which time we have previously demonstrated albuminuria and pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy, mice were randomised to receive TRAM34 subcutaneously, a highly selective inhibitor of potassium channel KCa3.1 or DMSO (vehicle) for a further 14 weeks. Albuminuria was assessed, inflammatory markers (CD68, F4/80) and extracellular matrix deposition (type I collagen and fibronectin) in the kidneys were examined. The results clearly demonstrate that TRAM34 reduced albuminuria, decreased inflammatory markers and reversed extracellular matrix deposition in kidneys via inhibition of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. These results indicate that KCa3.1 blockade effectively reverses established diabetic nephropathy in this rodent model and provides a basis for progressing to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Huang
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science &Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kuming, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hao Yi
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yongli Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jason Chen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- Kolling Institute, Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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39
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Avouac J, Guignabert C, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Ruiz B, Dorfmuller P, Pezet S, Amar O, Tu L, Van Wassenhove J, Sadoine J, Launay D, Elhai M, Cauvet A, Subramaniam A, Resnick R, Hachulla E, Molberg Ø, Kahan A, Humbert M, Allanore Y. Role of Stromelysin 2 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 10) as a Novel Mediator of Vascular Remodeling Underlying Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:2209-2221. [DOI: 10.1002/art.40229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Avouac
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin, and Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin; Paris France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- Inserm; UMR S 999, Plessis Robinson, France, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; Le Kremlin Bicêtre France
| | - Anna Maria Hoffmann-Vold
- Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet and Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Barbara Ruiz
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin; Paris France
| | - Peter Dorfmuller
- Inserm; UMR S 999, Plessis Robinson, France, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; Le Kremlin Bicêtre France
| | - Sonia Pezet
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin; Paris France
| | - Olivia Amar
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin; Paris France
| | - Ly Tu
- Inserm; UMR S 999, Plessis Robinson, France, and Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay; Le Kremlin Bicêtre France
| | - Jérôme Van Wassenhove
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin; Paris France
| | - Jérémy Sadoine
- EA 2496 Pathologie; Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales; UFR Odontologie; Université Paris Descartes and PIDV; PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité; Montrouge France
| | - David Launay
- Médecine Interne, Hopital Huriez; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Muriel Elhai
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin, and Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin; Paris France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin; Paris France
| | | | | | - Eric Hachulla
- Médecine Interne, Hopital Huriez; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Øyvind Molberg
- Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet and Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - André Kahan
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin; Paris France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Inserm UMR S 999; Plessis Robinson, France, and Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay and AP-HP; Service de Pneumologie; Hôpital Bicêtre; Le Kremlin Bicêtre France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104; Institut Cochin, and Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin; Paris France
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Avouac J, Konstantinova I, Guignabert C, Pezet S, Sadoine J, Guilbert T, Cauvet A, Tu L, Luccarini JM, Junien JL, Broqua P, Allanore Y. Pan-PPAR agonist IVA337 is effective in experimental lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1931-1940. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the antifibrotic effects of the pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist IVA337 in preclinical mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and related pulmonary hypertension (PH).MethodsIVA337 has been evaluated in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and in Fra-2 transgenic mice, this latter being characterised by non-specific interstitial pneumonia and severe vascular remodelling of pulmonary arteries leading to PH. Mice received two doses of IVA337 (30 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) or vehicle administered by daily oral gavage up to 4 weeks.ResultsIVA337 demonstrated at a dose of 100 mg/kg a marked protection from the development of lung fibrosis in both mouse models compared with mice receiving 30 mg/kg of IVA337 or vehicle. Histological score was markedly reduced by 61% in the bleomycin model and by 50% in Fra-2 transgenic mice, and total lung hydroxyproline concentrations decreased by 28% and 48%, respectively, as compared with vehicle-treated mice. IVA337 at 100 mg/kg also significantly decreased levels of fibrogenic markers in lesional lungs of both mouse models. In addition, IVA337 substantially alleviated PH in Fra-2 transgenic mice by improving haemodynamic measurements and vascular remodelling. In primary human lung fibroblasts, IVA337 inhibited in a dose-dependent manner fibroblast to myofibroblasts transition induced by TGF-β and fibroblast proliferation mediated by PDGF.ConclusionWe demonstrate that treatment with 100 mg/kg IVA337 prevents lung fibrosis in two complementary animal models and substantially attenuates PH in the Fra-2 mouse model. These findings confirm that the pan-PPAR agonist IVA337 is an appealing therapeutic candidate for these cardiopulmonary involvements.
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41
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Matsushita T, Takehara K. An update on biomarker discovery and use in systemic sclerosis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 17:823-833. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1356722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Matsushita
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takehara
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Lan P, Fan Y, Zhao Y, Lou X, Monsour HP, Zhang X, Choi Y, Dou Y, Ishii N, Ghobrial RM, Xiao X, Li XC. TNF superfamily receptor OX40 triggers invariant NKT cell pyroptosis and liver injury. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2222-2234. [PMID: 28436935 DOI: 10.1172/jci91075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident immune cells play a key role in local and systemic immune responses. The liver, in particular, hosts a large number of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which are involved in diverse immune responses. However, the mechanisms that regulate survival and homeostasis of liver iNKT cells are poorly defined. Here we have found that liver iNKT cells constitutively express the costimulatory TNF superfamily receptor OX40 and that OX40 stimulation results in massive pyroptotic death of iNKT cells, characterized by the release of potent proinflammatory cytokines that induce liver injury. This OX40/NKT pyroptosis pathway also plays a key role in concanavalin A-induced murine hepatitis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that liver iNKT cells express high levels of caspase 1 and that OX40 stimulation activates caspase 1 via TNF receptor-associated factor 6-mediated recruitment of the paracaspase MALT1. We also found that activation of caspase 1 in iNKT cells results in processing of pro-IL-1β to mature IL-1β as well as cleavage of the pyroptotic protein gasdermin D, which generates a membrane pore-forming fragment to produce pyroptotic cell death. Thus, our study has identified OX40 as a death receptor for iNKT cells and uncovered a molecular mechanism of pyroptotic cell death. These findings may have important clinical implications in the development of OX40-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixiang Lan
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Yihui Fan
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Yue Zhao
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Xiaohua Lou
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Howard P Monsour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Yongwon Choi
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yaling Dou
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rafik M Ghobrial
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and.,Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and
| | - Xian Chang Li
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and.,Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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Hutton AJ, Polak ME, Spalluto CM, Wallington JC, Pickard C, Staples KJ, Warner JA, Wilkinson TMA. Human Lung Fibroblasts Present Bacterial Antigens to Autologous Lung Th Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:110-118. [PMID: 27895174 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung fibroblasts are key structural cells that reside in the submucosa where they are in contact with large numbers of CD4+ Th cells. During severe viral infection and chronic inflammation, the submucosa is susceptible to bacterial invasion by lung microbiota such as nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Given their proximity in tissue, we hypothesized that human lung fibroblasts play an important role in modulating Th cell responses to NTHi. We demonstrate that fibroblasts express the critical CD4+ T cell Ag-presentation molecule HLA-DR within the human lung, and that this expression can be recapitulated in vitro in response to IFN-γ. Furthermore, we observed that cultured lung fibroblasts could internalize live NTHi. Although unable to express CD80 and CD86 in response to stimulation, fibroblasts expressed the costimulatory molecules 4-1BBL, OX-40L, and CD70, all of which are related to memory T cell activation and maintenance. CD4+ T cells isolated from the lung were predominantly (mean 97.5%) CD45RO+ memory cells. Finally, cultured fibroblasts activated IFN-γ and IL-17A cytokine production by autologous, NTHi-specific lung CD4+ T cells, and cytokine production was inhibited by a HLA-DR blocking Ab. These results indicate a novel role for human lung fibroblasts in contributing to responses against bacterial infection through activation of bacteria-specific CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hutton
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - Marta E Polak
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - C Mirella Spalluto
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - Joshua C Wallington
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - Chris Pickard
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - Karl J Staples
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - Jane A Warner
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and
| | - Tom M A Wilkinson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and.,National Institute for Health Research Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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Crunkhorn S. Inflammatory disease: T cell-targeted antibody reverses fibrosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 15:530-1. [PMID: 27444224 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Strategies to overcome the hurdles to treat fibrosis, a major unmet clinical need. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:7291-3. [PMID: 27342865 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607896113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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