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Lu D, Chen J, Zhang M, Fu Y, Raheem A, Chen Y, Chen X, Hu C, Chen J, Schieck E, Zhao G, Guo A. Identification of potential nucleomodulins of Mycoplasma bovis by direct biotinylation and proximity-based biotinylation approaches. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1421585. [PMID: 39044956 PMCID: PMC11263210 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1421585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is a significant bovine pathogen associated with various diseases, including bovine bronchopneumonia and mastitis resulting in substantial economic losses within the livestock industry. However, the development of effective control measures for M. bovis is hindered by a limited understanding of its virulence factors and pathogenesis. Nucleomodulins are newly identified secreted proteins of bacteria that internalize the host nuclei to regulate host cell gene expression and serve as critical virulence factors. Although recent reports have initiated exploration of mycoplasma nucleomodulins, the efficiency of conventional techniques for identification is very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to establish high-throughput methods to identify novel nucleomodulins of M. bovis. Using a direct biotinylation (DB) approach, a total of 289 proteins were identified including 66 high abundant proteins. In parallel, the use of proximity-based biotinylation (PBB), identified 28 proteins. Finally, seven nucleomodulins were verified to be nuclear by transfecting the bovine macrophage cell line BoMac with the plasmids encoding EGFP-fused proteins and observed with Opera Phenix, including the known nucleomodulin MbovP475 and six novel nucleomodulins. The novel nucleomodulins were four ribosomal proteins (MbovP599, MbovP678, MbovP710, and MbovP712), one transposase (MbovP790), and one conserved hypothetical protein (MbovP513). Among them, one unique nucleomodulin MbovP475 was identified with DB, two unique nucleomodulins (MbovP513 and MbovP710) with PBB, and four nucleomodulins by both. Overall, these findings established a foundation for further research on M. bovis nucleomodulin-host interactions for identification of new virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doukun Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiongxi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingjie Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Abdul Raheem
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changmin Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Elise Schieck
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Elmore SA, Rehg JE, Schoeb TR, Everitt JI, Bolon B. Pathologists' perspective on the study design, analysis, and interpretation of proliferative lesions in a lifetime rodent carcinogenicity bioassay of sucralose. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114524. [PMID: 38428799 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Sucralose, a sugar substitute first approved for use in 1991, is a non-caloric sweetener regulated globally as a food additive. Based on numerous experimental animal studies (dating to the 1980s) and human epidemiology studies, international health agencies have determined that sucralose is safe when consumed as intended. A single lifetime rodent carcinogenicity bioassay conducted by the Ramazzini Institute (RI) reported that mice fed diets containing sucralose develop hematopoietic neoplasia, but controversy continues regarding the validity and relevance of these data for predicting health effects in humans. The present paper addresses the controversy by providing the perspective of experienced pathologists on sucralose-related animal toxicity and carcinogenicity data generally, and the RI carcinogenicity bioassay findings specifically, using results from publicly available papers and international regulatory authority decisions. In the authors' view, flaws in the design, methodology, data evaluation, and reporting of the RI carcinogenicity bioassay for sucralose diminish the value of the data as evidence that this agent represents a carcinogenic hazard to humans. This limitation will remain until the RI bioassay is repeated under Good Laboratory Practices and the design, data, and accuracy of the pathology diagnoses and interpretations are reviewed by qualified pathologists with experience in evaluating potential chemically-induced carcinogenic hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerold E Rehg
- Department of Pathology, Emeritus, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Trenton R Schoeb
- Department of Genetics and Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Benedetti F, Mongodin EF, Badger JH, Munawwar A, Cellini A, Yuan W, Silvestri G, Kraus CN, Marini S, Rathinam CV, Salemi M, Tettelin H, Gallo RC, Zella D. Bacterial DnaK reduces the activity of anti-cancer drugs cisplatin and 5FU. J Transl Med 2024; 22:269. [PMID: 38475767 PMCID: PMC10935962 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is a primary treatment for cancer, but its efficacy is often limited by cancer-associated bacteria (CAB) that impair tumor suppressor functions. Our previous research found that Mycoplasma fermentans DnaK, a chaperone protein, impairs p53 activities, which are essential for most anti-cancer chemotherapeutic responses. METHODS To investigate the role of DnaK in chemotherapy, we treated cancer cell lines with M. fermentans DnaK and then with commonly used p53-dependent anti-cancer drugs (cisplatin and 5FU). We evaluated the cells' survival in the presence or absence of a DnaK-binding peptide (ARV-1502). We also validated our findings using primary tumor cells from a novel DnaK knock-in mouse model. To provide a broader context for the clinical significance of these findings, we investigated human primary cancer sequencing datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified F. nucleatum as a CAB carrying DnaK with an amino acid composition highly similar to M. fermentans DnaK. Therefore, we investigated the effect of F. nucleatum DnaK on the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin and 5FU. RESULTS Our results show that both M. fermentans and F. nucleatum DnaKs reduce the effectiveness of cisplatin and 5FU. However, the use of ARV-1502 effectively restored the drugs' anti-cancer efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings offer a practical framework for designing and implementing novel personalized anti-cancer strategies by targeting specific bacterial DnaKs in patients with poor response to chemotherapy, underscoring the potential for microbiome-based personalized cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jonathan H Badger
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arshi Munawwar
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Cellini
- Pathology Biorepository Shared Service, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Weirong Yuan
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Giovannino Silvestri
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Simone Marini
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chozha V Rathinam
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marco Salemi
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hervé Tettelin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Robert C Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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4
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Benedetti F, Silvestri G, Denaro F, Finesso G, Contreras-Galindo R, Munawwar A, Williams S, Davis H, Bryant J, Wang Y, Radaelli E, Rathinam CV, Gallo RC, Zella D. Mycoplasma DnaK expression increases cancer development in vivo upon DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320859121. [PMID: 38412130 PMCID: PMC10927570 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320859121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Well-controlled repair mechanisms are involved in the maintenance of genomic stability, and their failure can precipitate DNA abnormalities and elevate tumor risk. In addition, the tumor microenvironment, enriched with factors inducing oxidative stress and affecting cell cycle checkpoints, intensifies DNA damage when repair pathways falter. Recent research has unveiled associations between certain bacteria, including Mycoplasmas, and various cancers, and the causative mechanism(s) are under active investigation. We previously showed that Mycoplasma fermentans DnaK, an HSP70 family chaperone protein, hampers the activity of proteins like PARP1 and p53, crucial for genomic integrity. Moreover, our analysis of its interactome in human cancer cell lines revealed DnaK's engagement with several components of DNA-repair machinery. Finally, in vivo experiments performed in our laboratory using a DnaK knock-in mouse model generated by our group demonstrated that DnaK exposure led to increased DNA copy number variants, indicative of genomic instability. We present here evidence that expression of DnaK is linked to increased i) incidence of tumors in vivo upon exposure to urethane, a DNA damaging agent; ii) spontaneous DNA damage ex vivo; and iii) expression of proinflammatory cytokines ex vivo, variations in reactive oxygen species levels, and increased β-galactosidase activity across tissues. Moreover, DnaK was associated with increased centromeric instability. Overall, these findings highlight the significance of Mycoplasma DnaK in the etiology of cancer and other genetic disorders providing a promising target for prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Giovannino Silvestri
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Frank Denaro
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD21251
| | - Giovanni Finesso
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | | | - Arshi Munawwar
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Sumiko Williams
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD21251
| | - Harry Davis
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Joseph Bryant
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Chozha V. Rathinam
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Robert C. Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
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5
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Kim JK, Chang I, Jung Y, Kaplan Z, Hill EE, Taichman RS, Krebsbach PH. Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection promotes TNF-α signaling and SMAC mimetic-mediated apoptosis in human prostate cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20655. [PMID: 37867861 PMCID: PMC10585237 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests an association between Mycoplasma infections and the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we report that chronic and persistent M. hyorhinis infection induced robust TNF-α secretion from PCa cells. TNF-α secreted from M. hyorhinis-infected PCa cells subsequently led to activation of the NF-κB pathway. Chronic M. hyorhinis infection induced gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a NF-κB-dependent manner and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PCa cells. The elimination of M. hyorhinis in PCa cells significantly blocked TNF-α secretion, gene expression of cytokines and chemokines, migration, and invasion in PCa cells, suggesting M. hyorhinis-induced TNF-α plays an important role to promote malignant transformation of PCa. Furthermore, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics potentiated caspase activation and cell death in M. hyorhinis-infected PCa by antagonizing inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) activity. Tissue microarray analysis indicated that TNF-α is co-expressed in M. hyorhinis-infected human patient tissues. Findings from this study advance our understanding of the mycoplasma-oncogenesis process and suggest the potential for new approaches for preventions, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches against prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Koo Kim
- Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Insoon Chang
- Section of Endodontics, University of California, Los Angeles School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Younghun Jung
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zach Kaplan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elliott E. Hill
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Russell S. Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Periodontics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Paul H. Krebsbach
- Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Benedetti F, Silvestri G, Saadat S, Denaro F, Latinovic OS, Davis H, Williams S, Bryant J, Ippodrino R, Rathinam CV, Gallo RC, Zella D. Mycoplasma DnaK increases DNA copy number variants in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219897120. [PMID: 37459550 PMCID: PMC10372619 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219897120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota affects critical cellular functions, although the responsible mechanism(s) is still poorly understood. In this regard, we previously showed that Mycoplasma fermentans DnaK, an HSP70 chaperone protein, hampers the activity of important cellular proteins responsible for DNA integrity. Here, we describe a novel DnaK knock-in mouse model generated in our laboratory to study the effect of M. fermentans DnaK expression in vivo. By using an array-based comparative genomic hybridization assay, we demonstrate that exposure to DnaK was associated with a higher number of DNA copy number variants (CNVs) indicative of unbalanced chromosomal alterations, together with reduced fertility and a high rate of fetal abnormalities. Consistent with their implication in genetic disorders, one of these CNVs caused a homozygous Grid2 deletion, resulting in an aberrant ataxic phenotype that recapitulates the extensive biallelic deletion in the Grid2 gene classified in humans as autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia 18. Our data highlight a connection between components of the human urogenital tract microbiota, namely Mycoplasmas, and genetic abnormalities in the form of DNA CNVs, with obvious relevant medical, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Giovannino Silvestri
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Saman Saadat
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Frank Denaro
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD21251
| | - Olga S. Latinovic
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Harry Davis
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Sumiko Williams
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Joseph Bryant
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | | | - Chozha V. Rathinam
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Robert C. Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21201
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Pirini F, Cortesi M, Tumedei MM, Zanoni M, Ravaioli S, Bravaccini S. Tumor resident microbiota and response to therapies: An insight on tissue bacterial microbiota. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1048360. [PMID: 36684442 PMCID: PMC9845623 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1048360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the intestinal microbiota in the promotion, progression, and response to therapies is gaining importance, but recent studies confirm the presence of microbiota also in the tumor, thus becoming a component of the tumor microenvironment. There is not much knowledge on the characteristics and mechanisms of action of the tumor resident microbiota, but there are already indications of its involvement in conditioning the response to therapies. In this review, we discuss recent publications on the interaction between microbiota and anticancer treatments, mechanisms of resistance and possible strategies for manipulating the microbiota that could improve treatments in a personalized medicine perspective.
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8
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Guo S, Zhu X, Huang Z, Wei C, Yu J, Zhang L, Feng J, Li M, Li Z. Genomic instability drives tumorigenesis and metastasis and its implications for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114036. [PMID: 36436493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic instability can be caused by external factors and may also be associated with intracellular damage. At the same time, there is a large body of research investigating the mechanisms by which genetic instability occurs and demonstrating the relationship between genomic stability and tumors. Nowadays, tumorigenesis development is one of the hottest research areas. It is a vital factor affecting tumor treatment. Mechanisms of genomic stability and tumorigenesis development are relatively complex. Researchers have been working on these aspects of research. To explore the research progress of genomic stability and tumorigenesis, development, and treatment, the authors searched PubMed with the keywords "genome instability" "chromosome instability" "DNA damage" "tumor spread" and "cancer treatment". This extracts the information relevant to this study. Results: This review introduces genomic stability, drivers of tumor development, tumor cell characteristics, tumor metastasis, and tumor treatment. Among them, immunotherapy is more important in tumor treatment, which can effectively inhibit tumor metastasis and kill tumor cells. Breakthroughs in tumorigenesis development studies and discoveries in tumor metastasis will provide new therapeutic techniques. New tumor treatment methods can effectively prevent tumor metastasis and improve the cure rate of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Guo
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Ziyuan Huang
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Chuzhong Wei
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jiaao Yu
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Jinghua Feng
- Computational Oncology Lab, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Mingdong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Zesong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, China.
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9
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Yueyue W, Feichen X, Yixuan X, Lu L, Yiwen C, Xiaoxing Y. Pathogenicity and virulence of Mycoplasma genitalium: Unraveling Ariadne's Thread. Virulence 2022; 13:1161-1183. [PMID: 35791283 PMCID: PMC9262362 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2095741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma genitalium, a pathogen from class Mollicutes, has been linked to sexually transmitted diseases and sparked widespread concern. To adapt to its environment, M. genitalium has evolved specific adhesins and motility mechanisms that allow it to adhere to and invade various eukaryotic cells, thereby causing severe damage to the cells. Even though traditional exotoxins have not been identified, secreted nucleases or membrane lipoproteins have been shown to cause cell death and inflammatory injury in M. genitalium infection. However, as both innate and adaptive immune responses are important for controlling infection, the immune responses that develop upon infection do not necessarily eliminate the organism completely. Antigenic variation, detoxifying enzymes, immunoglobulins, neutrophil extracellular trap-degrading enzymes, cell invasion, and biofilm formation are important factors that help the pathogen overcome the host defence and cause chronic infections in susceptible individuals. Furthermore, M. genitalium can increase the susceptibility to several sexually transmitted pathogens, which significantly complicates the persistence and chronicity of M. genitalium infection. This review aimed to discuss the virulence factors of M. genitalium to shed light on its complex pathogenicity and pathogenesis of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yueyue
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiu Feichen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xi Yixuan
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liu Lu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chen Yiwen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - You Xiaoxing
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control; Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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10
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Elmore SA, Rehg JE, Schoeb TR, Everitt JI, Bolon B. Pathologists' perspective on the study design, analysis, and interpretation of proliferative lesions in lifetime and prenatal rodent carcinogenicity bioassays of aspartame. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 171:113504. [PMID: 36414169 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aspartame, an artificial sweetener commonly used as a sugar substitute, is currently authorized for use in more than 100 countries. Hundreds of studies, conducted in various countries dating back to the 1970s, have shown that aspartame is safe at real-world exposure levels. Furthermore, multiple human epidemiology studies have provided no indication that consumption of aspartame induces cancer. Given the continued controversy surrounding the Ramazzini Institute's (RI) studies suggesting that aspartame is a carcinogenic hazard in rodents and evaluation by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, this report aims to provide the perspective of experienced pathologists on publicly available pathology data regarding purported proliferative lesions in liver, lung, lymphoid organs, and mammary gland as well as their implications for human risk assessment as reported for three lifetime rodent carcinogenicity bioassays of aspartame conducted at the RI. In the authors' view, flaws in the design, methodology and reporting of the RI aspartame studies limit the utility of the data sets as evidence that this agent represents a carcinogenic hazard. Therefore, all three RI studies, and particularly the accuracy of their pathology diagnoses and interpretations, should be rigorously reviewed by qualified and experienced veterinary toxicologic pathologists in assessing aspartame's carcinogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerold E Rehg
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Trenton R Schoeb
- Department of Genetics and Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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11
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Curreli S, Benedetti F, Yuan W, Munawwar A, Cocchi F, Gallo RC, Sherman NE, Zella D. Characterization of the interactome profiling of Mycoplasma fermentans DnaK in cancer cells reveals interference with key cellular pathways. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1022704. [PMID: 36386669 PMCID: PMC9651203 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1022704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chaperone proteins are redundant in nature and, to achieve their function, they bind a large repertoire of client proteins. DnaK is a bacterial chaperone protein that recognizes misfolded and aggregated proteins and drives their folding and intracellular trafficking. Some Mycoplasmas are associated with cancers, and we demonstrated that infection with a strain of Mycoplasma fermentans isolated in our lab promoted lymphoma in a mouse model. Its DnaK is expressed intracellularly in infected cells, it interacts with key proteins to hamper essential pathways related to DNA repair and p53 functions and uninfected cells can take-up extracellular DnaK. We profile here for the first time the eukaryotic proteins interacting with DnaK transiently expressed in five cancer cell lines. A total of 520 eukaryotic proteins were isolated by immunoprecipitation and identified by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Among the cellular DnaK-binding partners, 49 were shared between the five analyzed cell lines, corroborating the specificity of the interaction of DnaK with these proteins. Enrichment analysis revealed multiple RNA biological processes, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, DNA conformational changes, protein-DNA complex subunit organization, telomere organization and cell cycle as the most significant ontology terms. This is the first study to show that a bacterial chaperone protein interacts with key eukaryotic components thus suggesting DnaK could become a perturbing hub for the functions of important cellular pathways. Given the close interactions between bacteria and host cells in the local microenvironment, these results provide a foundation for future mechanistic studies on how bacteria interfere with essential cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Curreli
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Weirong Yuan
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arshi Munawwar
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Fiorenza Cocchi
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Robert C. Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicholas E. Sherman
- Biomolecular Analysis Facility Core, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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12
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Chen S, Jin Y, Wang S, Xing S, Wu Y, Tao Y, Ma Y, Zuo S, Liu X, Hu Y, Chen H, Luo Y, Xia F, Xie C, Yin J, Wang X, Liu Z, Zhang N, Zech Xu Z, Lu ZJ, Wang P. Cancer type classification using plasma cell-free RNAs derived from human and microbes. eLife 2022; 11:75181. [PMID: 35816095 PMCID: PMC9273212 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The utility of cell-free nucleic acids in monitoring cancer has been recognized by both scientists and clinicians. In addition to human transcripts, a fraction of cell-free nucleic acids in human plasma were proven to be derived from microbes and reported to have relevance to cancer. To obtain a better understanding of plasma cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs) in cancer patients, we profiled cfRNAs in ~300 plasma samples of 5 cancer types (colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, and esophageal cancer) and healthy donors (HDs) with RNA-seq. Microbe-derived cfRNAs were consistently detected by different computational methods when potential contaminations were carefully filtered. Clinically relevant signals were identified from human and microbial reads, and enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways of downregulated human genes and higher prevalence torque teno viruses both suggest that a fraction of cancer patients were immunosuppressed. Our data support the diagnostic value of human and microbe-derived plasma cfRNAs for cancer detection, as an area under the ROC curve of approximately 0.9 for distinguishing cancer patients from HDs was achieved. Moreover, human and microbial cfRNAs both have cancer type specificity, and combining two types of features could distinguish tumors of five different primary locations with an average recall of 60.4%. Compared to using human features alone, adding microbial features improved the average recall by approximately 8%. In summary, this work provides evidence for the clinical relevance of human and microbe-derived plasma cfRNAs and their potential utilities in cancer detection as well as the determination of tumor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanwen Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Translational Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfan Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaozhen Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingchao Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhuan Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchen Ma
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zuo
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandeng Luo
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanming Xie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer /Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Translational Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zech Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi John Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyuan Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Li Z, Liu Y, Zhang L. Role of the microbiome in oral cancer occurrence, progression and therapy. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105638. [PMID: 35718272 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The oral cavity, like other digestive or mucosal sites, contains a site-specific microbiome that plays a significant role in maintaining health and homeostasis. Strictly speaking, the gastrointestinal tract starts from the oral cavity, with special attention paid to the specific flora of the oral cavity. In healthy people, the microbiome of the oral microenvironment is governed by beneficial bacteria, that benefit the host by symbiosis. When a microecological imbalance occurs, changes in immune and metabolic signals affect the characteristics of cancer, as well as chronic inflammation, disruption of the epithelial barrier, changes in cell proliferation and cell apoptosis, genomic instability, angiogenesis, and epithelial barrier destruction and metabolic regulation. These pathophysiological changes could result in oral cancer. Rising evidence suggests that oral dysbacteriosis and particular microbes may play a positive role in the evolution, development, progression, and metastasis of oral cancer, for instance, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through direct or indirect action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrui Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China.
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14
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Dawood A, Algharib SA, Zhao G, Zhu T, Qi M, Delai K, Hao Z, Marawan MA, Shirani I, Guo A. Mycoplasmas as Host Pantropic and Specific Pathogens: Clinical Implications, Gene Transfer, Virulence Factors, and Future Perspectives. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:855731. [PMID: 35646746 PMCID: PMC9137434 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.855731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasmas as economically important and pantropic pathogens can cause similar clinical diseases in different hosts by eluding host defense and establishing their niches despite their limited metabolic capacities. Besides, enormous undiscovered virulence has a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of pathogenic mycoplasmas. On the other hand, they are host-specific pathogens with some highly pathogenic members that can colonize a vast number of habitats. Reshuffling mycoplasmas genetic information and evolving rapidly is a way to avoid their host's immune system. However, currently, only a few control measures exist against some mycoplasmosis which are far from satisfaction. This review aimed to provide an updated insight into the state of mycoplasmas as pathogens by summarizing and analyzing the comprehensive progress, current challenge, and future perspectives of mycoplasmas. It covers clinical implications of mycoplasmas in humans and domestic and wild animals, virulence-related factors, the process of gene transfer and its crucial prospects, the current application and future perspectives of nanotechnology for diagnosing and curing mycoplasmosis, Mycoplasma vaccination, and protective immunity. Several questions remain unanswered and are recommended to pay close attention to. The findings would be helpful to develop new strategies for basic and applied research on mycoplasmas and facilitate the control of mycoplasmosis for humans and various species of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dawood
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Samah Attia Algharib
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, HZAU, Wuhan, China
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Gang Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingpu Qi
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kong Delai
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyu Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Marawan A. Marawan
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Ihsanullah Shirani
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- Para-Clinic Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jalalabad, Afghanistan
| | - Aizhen Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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15
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Tao L, Liu X, Jiang X, Zhang K, Wang Y, Li X, Jiang S, Han T. USP10 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Human Cancers. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050831. [PMID: 35627217 PMCID: PMC9142050 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitination is a major form of post-translational protein modification involved in the regulation of protein homeostasis and various cellular processes. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), comprising about five subfamily members, are key players in deubiquitination. USP10 is a USP-family DUB featuring the classic USP domain, which performs deubiquitination. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that USP10 is a double-edged sword in human cancers. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its different effects in tumorigenesis remain elusive. A possible reason is dependence on the cell context. In this review, we summarize the downstream substrates and upstream regulators of USP10 as well as its dual role as an oncogene and tumor suppressor in various human cancers. Furthermore, we summarize multiple pharmacological USP10 inhibitors, including small-molecule inhibitors, such as spautin-1, and traditional Chinese medicines. Taken together, the development of specific and efficient USP10 inhibitors based on USP10’s oncogenic role and for different cancer types could be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.L.); (X.J.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xinya Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.L.); (X.J.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.L.); (X.J.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.L.); (X.J.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiumin Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China;
| | - Shulong Jiang
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (T.H.)
| | - Tao Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.L.); (X.J.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China;
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (T.H.)
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16
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Basu A, Singh R, Gupta S. Bacterial infections in cancer: A bilateral relationship. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1771. [PMID: 34994112 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria share a long commensal relationship with the human body. New findings, however, continue to unravel many complexities associated with this old alliance. In the past decades, the dysbiosis of human microbiome has been linked to tumorigenesis, and more recently to spontaneous colonization of existing tumors. The topic, however, remains open for debate as the claims for causative-prevailing dual characteristics of bacteria are mostly based on epidemiological evidence rather than robust mechanistic models. There are also no reviews linking the collective impact of bacteria in tumor microenvironments to the efficacy of cancer drugs, mechanisms of pathogen-initiated cancer and bacterial colonization, personalized nanomedicine, nanotechnology, and antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we provide a holistic overview of the bilateral relationship between cancer and bacteria covering all these aspects. Our collated evidence from the literature does not merely categorize bacteria as cancer causative or prevailing agents, but also critically highlights the gaps in the literature where more detailed studies may be required to reach such a conclusion. Arguments are made in favor of dual drug therapies that can simultaneously co-target bacteria and cancer cells to overcome drug resistance. Also discussed are the opportunities for leveraging the natural colonization and remission power of bacteria for cancer treatment. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Basu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Rohini Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
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17
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Prasad SK, Bhat S, Shashank D, C R A, R S, Rachtanapun P, Devegowda D, Santhekadur PK, Sommano SR. Bacteria-Mediated Oncogenesis and the Underlying Molecular Intricacies: What We Know So Far. Front Oncol 2022; 12:836004. [PMID: 35480118 PMCID: PMC9036991 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.836004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are known to have multifactorial etiology. Certain bacteria and viruses are proven carcinogens. Lately, there has been in-depth research investigating carcinogenic capabilities of some bacteria. Reports indicate that chronic inflammation and harmful bacterial metabolites to be strong promoters of neoplasticity. Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric adenocarcinoma is the best illustration of the chronic inflammation paradigm of oncogenesis. Chronic inflammation, which produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is hypothesized to cause cancerous cell proliferation. Other possible bacteria-dependent mechanisms and virulence factors have also been suspected of playing a vital role in the bacteria-induced-cancer(s). Numerous attempts have been made to explore and establish the possible relationship between the two. With the growing concerns on anti-microbial resistance and over-dependence of mankind on antibiotics to treat bacterial infections, it must be deemed critical to understand and identify carcinogenic bacteria, to establish their role in causing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashanka K Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Smitha Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Dharini Shashank
- Department of General Surgery, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, India
| | - Akshatha C R
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sindhu R
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Devananda Devegowda
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Prasanna K Santhekadur
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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18
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Gaurivaud P, Tardy F. The Mycoplasma spp. ‘Releasome’: A New Concept for a Long-Known Phenomenon. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:853440. [PMID: 35495700 PMCID: PMC9051441 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.853440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial secretome comprises polypeptides expressed at the cell surface or released into the extracellular environment as well as the corresponding secretion machineries. Despite their reduced coding capacities, Mycoplasma spp. are able to produce and release several components into their environment, including polypeptides, exopolysaccharides and extracellular vesicles. Technical difficulties in purifying these elements from the complex broth media used to grow mycoplasmas have recently been overcome by optimizing growth conditions and switching to chemically defined culture media. However, the secretion pathways responsible for the release of these structurally varied elements are still poorly described in mycoplasmas. We propose the use of the term ‘releasome,’ instead of secretome, to refer to molecules released by mycoplasmas into their environment. The aim of this review is to more precisely delineate the elements that should be considered part of the mycoplasmal releasome and their role in the interplay of mycoplasmas with host cells and tissues.
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Li Y, Wang J, Liu B, Yu Y, Yuan T, Wei Y, Gan Y, Shao J, Shao G, Feng Z, Tu Z, Xiong Q. DnaK Functions as a Moonlighting Protein on the Surface of Mycoplasma hyorhinis Cells. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:842058. [PMID: 35308339 PMCID: PMC8927758 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.842058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyorhinis is a common pathogen of swine and is also associated with various human tumors. It causes systemic inflammation, typically polyserositis and polyarthritis, in some infected pigs. However, the pathogenic mechanism of M. hyorhinis remains unclear. DnaK is a highly conserved protein belonging to the heat-shock protein 70 family of molecular chaperones, which plays important roles as a moonlighting protein in various bacteria. In the present study, we identified the surface exposure of M. hyorhinis DnaK. Two virulent strains expressed more DnaK on their surface than the avirulent strain. Thereafter, the potential moonlighting functions of DnaK were investigated. Recombinant M. hyorhinis DnaK (rMhr-DnaK) was found to be able to adhere to swine PK-15 cells and human NCI-H292 cells. It also bound to four extracellular matrix components-fibronectin, laminin, type IV collagen, and vitronectin-in a dose-dependent manner. ELISA demonstrated an interaction between rMhr-DnaK and plasminogen, which was significantly inhibited by a lysine analog, ε-aminocaproic acid. rMhr-DnaK-bound plasminogen was activated by tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), and the addition of rMhr-DnaK significantly enhanced the activation. Finally, a DnaK-specific antibody was detected in the serum of pigs immunized with inactivated vaccines, which indicated good immunogenicity of it. In summary, our findings imply that DnaK is an important multifunctional moonlighting protein in M. hyorhinis and likely participates extensively in the infection and pathogenesis processes of M. hyorhinis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Beibei Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfei Yu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanna Wei
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Yuan Gan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Shao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqing Shao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhixin Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiyan Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China.,College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Enterobacteria impair host p53 tumor suppressor activity through mRNA destabilization. Oncogene 2022; 41:2173-2186. [PMID: 35197571 PMCID: PMC8993692 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence highlights the role of bacteria in the physiopathology of cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remains poorly understood. Several cancer-associated bacteria have been shown to produce toxins which interfere with the host defense against tumorigenesis. Here, we show that lipopolysaccharides from Klebsiella pneumoniae and other Enterobacteria strongly inhibit the host tumor suppressor p53 pathway through a novel mechanism of p53 regulation. We found that lipopolysaccharides destabilize TP53 mRNA through a TLR4-NF-κB-mediated inhibition of the RNA-binding factor Wig-1. Importantly, we show that K. pneumoniae disables two major tumor barriers, oncogene-induced DNA damage signaling and senescence, by impairing p53 transcriptional activity upon DNA damage and oncogenic stress. Furthermore, we found an inverse correlation between the levels of TLR4 and p53 mutation in colorectal tumors. Hence, our data suggest that the repression of p53 by Enterobacteria via TLR4 alleviates the selection pressure for p53 oncogenic mutations and shapes the genomic evolution of cancer.
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21
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Nucleic acid aptamer controls mycoplasma infection for inhibiting the malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2224-2241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Marinucci M, Ercan C, Taha-Mehlitz S, Fourie L, Panebianco F, Bianco G, Gallon J, Staubli S, Soysal SD, Zettl A, Rauthe S, Vosbeck J, Droeser RA, Bolli M, Peterli R, von Flüe M, Ng CKY, Kollmar O, Coto-Llerena M, Piscuoglio S. Standardizing Patient-Derived Organoid Generation Workflow to Avoid Microbial Contamination From Colorectal Cancer Tissues. Front Oncol 2022; 11:781833. [PMID: 35083141 PMCID: PMC8784867 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.781833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of patient-derived organoids (PDO) as a valuable alternative to in vivo models significantly increased over the last years in cancer research. The ability of PDOs to genetically resemble tumor heterogeneity makes them a powerful tool for personalized drug screening. Despite the extensive optimization of protocols for the generation of PDOs from colorectal tissue, there is still a lack of standardization of tissue handling prior to processing, leading to microbial contamination of the organoid culture. Here, using a cohort of 16 patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma (CRC), we aimed to test the efficacy of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), penicillin/streptomycin (P/S), and Primocin, alone or in combination, in preventing organoid cultures contamination when used in washing steps prior to tissue processing. Each CRC tissue was divided into 5 tissue pieces, and treated with each different washing solution, or none. After the washing steps, all samples were processed for organoid generation following the same standard protocol. We detected contamination in 62.5% of the non-washed samples, while the use of PBS or P/S-containing PBS reduced the contamination rate to 50% and 25%, respectively. Notably, none of the organoid cultures washed with PBS/Primocin-containing solution were contaminated. Interestingly, addition of P/S to the washing solution reduced the percentage of living cells compared to Primocin. Taken together, our results demonstrate that, prior to tissue processing, adding Primocin to the tissue washing solution is able to eliminate the risk of microbial contamination in PDO cultures, and that the use of P/S negatively impacts organoids growth. We believe that our easy-to-apply protocol might help increase the success rate of organoid generation from CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Marinucci
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caner Ercan
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Taha-Mehlitz
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lana Fourie
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Federica Panebianco
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gaia Bianco
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Gallon
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Staubli
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Savas D Soysal
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Zettl
- Institute of Pathology, Viollier AG, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Rauthe
- Institute of Pathology, Viollier AG, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Vosbeck
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul A Droeser
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Bolli
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Peterli
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus von Flüe
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte K Y Ng
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Otto Kollmar
- Clarunis, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mairene Coto-Llerena
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Nascimento Araujo CD, Amorim AT, Barbosa MS, Alexandre JCPL, Campos GB, Macedo CL, Marques LM, Timenetsky J. Evaluating the presence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Helicobacter pylori in biopsies of patients with gastric cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:70. [PMID: 34949212 PMCID: PMC8705184 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and has been associated with infections that may promote tumour progression. Accordingly, we analysed the presence of Mollicutes, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer tissues and evaluated their correlation with clinicopathological factors. METHODS Using a commercial kit, DNA were extracted from 120 gastric samples embedded in paraffin: 80 from patients with gastric cancer and 40 from cancer free patients, dating from 2006 to 2016. Mollicutes and H. pylori were detected by PCR; F. nucleatum and M. hyorhinis were detected by qPCR, together with immunohistochemistry for the latter bacteria. RESULTS Mollicutes were detected in the case and control groups (12% and 2.5%) and correlated with the papillary histologic pattern (P = 0.003), likely due to cell transformation promoted by Mollicutes. M. hyorhinis was detected in the case and control group but was not considered a cancer risk factor. H. pylori was detected at higher loads in the case compared to the control group (8% and 22%, P = 0.008) and correlated with metastasis (P = 0.024), lymphatic invasion (P = 0.033), tumour of diffused type (P = 0.028), and histopathological grading G1/G2 (P = 0.008). F. nucleatum was the most abundant bacteria in the case group, but was also detected in the control group (26% and 2.5%). It increased the cancer risk factor (P = 0.045, OR = 10.562, CI95% = 1.057-105.521), and correlated with old age (P = 0.030) and tumour size (P = 0.053). Bacterial abundance was significantly different between groups (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings could improve the control and promote our understanding of opportunistic bacteria and their relevance to malignant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila do Nascimento Araujo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Teixeira Amorim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maysa Santos Barbosa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Barreto Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Multidisciplinary Health Institute /Campus Anísio Teixeira, IMS/CAT - UFBA, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Leal Macedo
- Micro - Pathological Anatomy and Cytopathology Service, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Marques
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Multidisciplinary Health Institute /Campus Anísio Teixeira, IMS/CAT - UFBA, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Timenetsky
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Che B, Zhang W, Xu S, Yin J, He J, Huang T, Li W, Yu Y, Tang K. Prostate Microbiota and Prostate Cancer: A New Trend in Treatment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:805459. [PMID: 34956913 PMCID: PMC8702560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.805459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer have gradually begun to decline in the past few years, it is still one of the leading causes of death from malignant tumors in the world. The occurrence and development of prostate cancer are affected by race, family history, microenvironment, and other factors. In recent decades, more and more studies have confirmed that prostate microflora in the tumor microenvironment may play an important role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of prostate cancer. Microorganisms or their metabolites may affect the occurrence and metastasis of cancer cells or regulate anti-cancer immune surveillance. In addition, the use of tumor microenvironment bacteria in interventional targeting therapy of tumors also shows a unique advantage. In this review, we introduce the pathway of microbiota into prostate cancer, focusing on the mechanism of microorganisms in tumorigenesis and development, as well as the prospect and significance of microorganisms as tumor biomarkers and tumor prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwei Che
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shenghan Xu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingju Yin
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kaifa Tang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Medical Science of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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25
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Jeske R, Dangel L, Sauerbrey L, Frangoulidis D, Teras LR, Fischer SF, Waterboer T. Development of High-Throughput Multiplex Serology to Detect Serum Antibodies against Coxiella burnetii. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112373. [PMID: 34835498 PMCID: PMC8623512 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Q fever, the bacterium Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii), has gained increasing interest due to outbreak events and reports about it being a potential risk factor for the development of lymphomas. In order to conduct large-scale studies for population monitoring and to investigate possible associations more closely, accurate and cost-effective high-throughput assays are highly desired. To address this need, nine C. burnetii proteins were expressed as recombinant antigens for multiplex serology. This technique enables the quantitative high-throughput detection of antibodies to multiple antigens simultaneously in a single reaction. Based on a reference group of 76 seropositive and 91 seronegative sera, three antigens were able to detect C. burnetii infections. Com1, GroEL, and DnaK achieved specificities of 93%, 69%, and 77% and sensitivities of 64%, 72%, and 47%, respectively. Double positivity to Com1 and GroEL led to a combined specificity of 90% and a sensitivity of 71%. In a subgroup of seropositives with an increased risk for chronic Q fever, the double positivity to these markers reached a specificity of 90% and a sensitivity of 86%. Multiplex serology enables the detection of antibodies against C. burnetii and appears well-suited to investigate associations between C. burnetii infections and the clinical manifestations in large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Jeske
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (L.S.); (T.W.)
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Larissa Dangel
- German National Consiliary Laboratory of Coxiella burnetii, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; (L.D.); (S.F.F.)
- State Health Office Baden-Württemberg, 70565 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Leander Sauerbrey
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (L.S.); (T.W.)
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Frangoulidis
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, 80937 Munich, Germany;
- Bundeswehr Medical Service Headquarters VI-2, Medical Intelligence & Information (MI2), 80637 Munich, Germany
| | - Lauren R. Teras
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303-1002, USA;
| | - Silke F. Fischer
- German National Consiliary Laboratory of Coxiella burnetii, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; (L.D.); (S.F.F.)
- State Health Office Baden-Württemberg, 70565 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (L.S.); (T.W.)
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26
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Nishiumi F, Kawai Y, Nakura Y, Yoshimura M, Wu HN, Hamaguchi M, Kakizawa S, Suzuki Y, Glass JI, Yanagihara I. Blockade of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death by Ureaplasma parvum vacuolating factor. Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13392. [PMID: 34490709 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we found that Ureaplasma parvum internalised into HeLa cells and cytosolic accumulation of galectin-3. U. parvum induced the host cellular membrane damage and survived there. Here, we conducted vesicular trafficking inhibitory screening in yeast to identify U. parvum vacuolating factor (UpVF). U. parvum triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and upregulated the unfolded protein response-related factors, including BiP, P-eIF2 and IRE1 in the host cells, but it blocked the induction of the downstream apoptotic factors. MicroRNA library screening of U. parvum-infected cells and UpVF-transfected cells identified miR-211 and miR-214 as the negative regulators of the apoptotic cascade under ER stress. Transient expression of UpVF induced HeLa cell death with intracellular vacuolization; however, some stable UpVF transformant survived. U. parvum-infected cervical cell lines showed resistance to actinomycin D, and UpVF stable transformant cell lines exhibited resistance to X-ray irradiation, as well as cisplatin and paclitaxel. UpVF expressing cervical cancer xenografts in nude mice also acquired resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel. A mycoplasma expression vector based on Mycoplasma mycoides, Syn-MBA (multiple banded antigen)-UpVF, reduced HeLa cell survival compared with that of Syn-MBA after 72 hr of infection. These findings together suggest novel mechanisms for Ureaplasma infection and the possible implications for cervical cancer malignancy. TAKE AWAYS: • Ureaplasmal novel virulence factor, UpVF, was identified. • UpVF triggered ER stress but suppressed apoptotic cascade via miR-211 and -214. • UpVF conferred resistance to anticancer treatments both in vivo and in vitro. • Dual expression of MBA and UpVF in JCVI-syn3B showed host cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Nishiumi
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kawai
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan.,Health Evaluation Center, Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakura
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michinobu Yoshimura
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Heng Ning Wu
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhide Hamaguchi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Kakizawa
- Bioproduction Research Institute,, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yo Suzuki
- Synthetic Biology Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - John I Glass
- Synthetic Biology Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Itaru Yanagihara
- Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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27
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Saadat S, Karami P, Jafari M, Kholoujini M, Rikhtegaran Tehrani Z, Mohammadi Y, Alikhani MY. The silent presence of Mycoplasma hominis in patients with prostate cancer. Pathog Dis 2021; 78:5907690. [PMID: 32940669 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma hominis, an opportunistic pathogen in human genitourinary tract, can cause chronic infection in the prostate. Intracellular survival of M. hominis leads to a prolonged presence in the host cells that can affect the cell's biological cycle. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of M. hominis DNA in prostate tissue of Iranian patients with prostate cancer (PCa) in comparison to a control group with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS This research was a retrospective case-control study using 61 archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of prostate tissue from patients with PCa and 70 FFPE blocks of patients with BPH. Real-time PCR, targeting two different genes, 16S rRNA and yidC, in the M. hominis genome was performed for all specimens. RESULTS Out of 61 blocks of prostate biopsy from patients with PCa, eight samples (13%) were positive for M. hominis, while the bacterium was not detected in any of the 70 blocks of patients with BPH (P value, 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The high frequency of M. hominis in patients with PCa likely shows a hidden role of the organism in prostate cancer during its chronic, apparently silent and asymptomatic colonization in prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Saadat
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran, 65178.,Department of Microbiology, Sarem Cell Research Center, Sarem Women's Hospital, Phase 3 Ekbatan, Tehran, Iran, 13969-56111.,Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, USA, 21201
| | - Pezhman Karami
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran, 65178
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran, 65178
| | - Mahdi Kholoujini
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, University of Tarbiate Modares, Jalal Ale-Ahmad Highway, Tehran, Iran, 14115
| | - Zahra Rikhtegaran Tehrani
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD, USA, 21201
| | - Younes Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran, 65178
| | - Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran, 65178
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28
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Lu H, Wang Q, Liu W, Wen Z, Li Y. Precision strategies for cancer treatment by modifying the tumor-related bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6183-6197. [PMID: 34402938 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research on the roles of the bacteria in tumor development and progression is a rapidly emerging field. Increasing evidence links bacteria with the modification of the tumor immune microenvironment, which greatly influences the antitumor response. In view of the individual immune effects of various bacteria in various tumors, developing personalized bacteria-modulating therapy may be a key to successful antitumor treatment. This review emphasizes the critical role of the bacteria in immune regulation, including both the tumor bacteria and gut bacteria. Aiming at tumor-related bacteria, we focus on various precise modulation strategies and discuss their impact and potential for tumor suppression. Finally, engineered bacteria with tumor-targeting ability could achieve precise delivery of various payloads into tumors, acting as a precision tool. Therefore, a precise tumor-related bacteria therapy may be a promising approach to suppress the development of tumors, as well as an adjuvant therapy to improve the antitumor efficacy of other approaches. KEY POINTS: • The mini-review updates the knowledge on complex effect of bacteria in TME. • Insight into the interaction and adjustment of bacteria in gut for TME. • Prospects and limitations of bacteria-related personalized therapy in the clinical anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhen Lu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhuo Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzheng Liu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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29
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The Relationship between Mycoplasmas and Cancer: Is It Fact or Fiction ? Narrative Review and Update on the Situation. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9986550. [PMID: 34373693 PMCID: PMC8349275 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9986550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than one million new cancer cases occur worldwide every year. Although many clinical trials are applied and recent diagnostic tools are employed, curing cancer disease is still a great challenge for mankind. Heredity and epigenetics are the main risk factors often related to cancer. Although, the infectious etiological role in carcinogenesis was also theorized. By establishing chronic infection and inflammation in their hosts, several microorganisms were suggested to cause cell transformation. Of these suspicious microorganisms, mycoplasmas were well regarded because of their intimate parasitism with host cells, as well as their silent and insidious role during infections. This assumption has opened many questions about the real role played by mycoplasmas in oncogenesis. Herein, we presented a sum up of many studies among the hundreds which had addressed the Mycoplasma-cancer topic over the past 50 years. Research studies in this field have first started by approving the mycoplasmas malignancy potential. Indeed, using animal models and in vitro experiments in various cell lines from human and other mammalians, many mycoplasmas were proven to cause varied modifications leading to cell transformation. Moreover, many studies have looked upon the Mycoplasma-cancer subject from an epidemiological point of view. Diverse techniques were used to assess the mycoplasmas prevalence in patients with cancer from different countries. Not less than 10 Mycoplasma species were detected in the context of at least 15 cancer types affecting the brain, the breast, the lymphatic system, and different organs in the genitourinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts. Based on these revelations, one should concede that detection of mycoplasmas often linked to ‘‘wolf in sheep's clothing” is not a coincidence and might have a role in cancer. Thorough investigations are needed to better elucidate this role. This would have a substantial impact on the improvement of cancer diagnosis and its prevention.
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30
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Zella D, Gallo RC. Viruses and Bacteria Associated with Cancer: An Overview. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061039. [PMID: 34072757 PMCID: PMC8226504 DOI: 10.3390/v13061039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several human viruses and bacteria currently known to be associated with cancer. A common theme indicates that these microorganisms have evolved mechanisms to hamper the pathways dedicated to maintaining the integrity of genetic information, preventing apoptosis of the damaged cells and causing unwanted cellular proliferation. This eventually reduces the ability of their hosts to repair the damage(s) and eventually results in cellular transformation, cancer progression and reduced response to therapy. Our data suggest that mycoplasmas, and perhaps certain other bacteria with closely related DnaKs, may also contribute to cellular transformation and hamper certain drugs that rely on functional p53 for their anti-cancer activity. Understanding the precise molecular mechanisms is important for cancer prevention and for the development of both new anti-cancer drugs and for improving the efficacy of existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Robert C. Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence:
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31
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Kent ML, Wall ES, Sichel S, Watral V, Stagaman K, Sharpton TJ, Guillemin K. Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, Mycoplasma spp., and Intestinal Lesions in Experimentally Infected Zebrafish Danio rerio. Zebrafish 2021; 18:207-220. [PMID: 33999743 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal neoplasms and preneoplastic lesions are common in zebrafish research facilities. Previous studies have demonstrated that these neoplasms are caused by a transmissible agent, and two candidate agents have been implicated: a Mycoplasma sp. related to Mycoplasma penetrans and the intestinal parasitic nematode, Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, and both agents are common in zebrafish facilities. To elucidate the role of these two agents in the occurrence and severity of neoplasia and other intestinal lesions, we conducted two experimental inoculation studies. Exposed fish were examined at various time points over an 8-month period for intestinal histopathologic changes and the burden of Mycoplasma and nematodes. Fish exposed to Mycoplasma sp. isolated from zebrafish were associated with preneoplastic lesions. Fish exposed to the nematode alone or with the Mycoplasma isolate developed severe lesions and neoplasms. Both inflammation and neoplasm scores were associated with an increase in Mycoplasma burden. These results support the conclusions that P. tomentosa is a strong promoter of intestinal neoplasms in zebrafish and that Mycoplasma alone can also cause intestinal lesions and accelerate cancer development in the context of nematode infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Elena S Wall
- Department of Biology and Institute of Molecular Biology, Eugene, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Sophie Sichel
- Department of Biology and Institute of Molecular Biology, Eugene, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Virginia Watral
- Department of Microbiology and Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Keaton Stagaman
- Department of Microbiology and Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Thomas J Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology and Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.,Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Department of Biology and Institute of Molecular Biology, Eugene, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Humans and the Microbiome Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Wilkie T, Verma AK, Zhao H, Charan M, Ahirwar DK, Kant S, Pancholi V, Mishra S, Ganju RK. Lipopolysaccharide from the commensal microbiota of the breast enhances cancer growth: role of S100A7 and TLR4. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:1508-1522. [PMID: 33969603 PMCID: PMC8978520 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of commensal bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of human malignancies has been a research field of incomparable progress in recent years. Although breast tissue is commonly assumed to be sterile, recent studies suggest that human breast tissue may contain a bacterial microbiota. In this study, we used an immune‐competent orthotopic breast cancer mouse model to explore the existence of a unique and independent bacterial microbiota in breast tumors. We observed some similarities in breast cancer microbiota with skin; however, breast tumor microbiota was mainly enriched with Gram‐negative bacteria, serving as a primary source of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment in late‐stage tumor lesions increased LPS levels in the breast tissue environment. We also discovered an increased expression of S100A7 and low level of TLR4 in late‐stage tumors with or without DSS as compared to early‐stage tumor lesions. The treatment of breast cancer cells with LPS increased the expression of S100A7 in breast cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, S100A7 overexpression downregulated TLR4 and upregulated RAGE expression in breast cancer cells. Analysis of human breast cancer samples also highlighted the inverse correlation between S100A7 and TLR4 expression. Overall, these findings suggest that the commensal microbiota of breast tissue may enhance breast tumor burden through a novel LPS/S100A7/TLR4/RAGE signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha Wilkie
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Ajeet K Verma
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Helong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Dinesh K Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Sashi Kant
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Vijay Pancholi
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
| | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
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33
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Curreli S, Tettelin H, Benedetti F, Krishnan S, Cocchi F, Reitz M, Gallo RC, Zella D. Analysis of DnaK Expression from a Strain of Mycoplasma fermentans in Infected HCT116 Human Colon Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083885. [PMID: 33918708 PMCID: PMC8069837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several species of mycoplasmas, including Mycoplasma fermentans, are associated with certain human cancers. We previously isolated and characterized in our laboratory a strain of human mycoplasma M. fermentans subtype incognitus (MF-I1) able to induce lymphoma in a Severe Combined Immuno-Deficient (SCID) mouse model, and we demonstrated that its chaperone protein, DnaK, binds and reduces functions of human poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase protein-10 (USP10), which are required for efficient DNA repair and proper p53 activities, respectively. We also showed that other bacteria associated with human cancers (including Mycoplasmapneumoniae, Helicobacterpylori, Fusobacteriumnucleatum, Chlamydiathrachomatis, and Chlamydia pneumoniae) have closely related DnaK proteins, indicating a potential common mechanism of cellular transformation. Here, we quantify dnaK mRNA copy number by RT-qPCR analysis in different cellular compartments following intracellular MF-I1 infection of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells. DnaK protein expression in infected cells was also detected and quantified by Western blot. The amount of viable intracellular mycoplasma reached a steady state after an initial phase of growth and was mostly localized in the cytoplasm of the invaded cells, while we detected a logarithmically increased number of viable extracellular bacteria. Our data indicate that, after invasion, MF-I1 is able to establish a chronic intracellular infection. Extracellular replication was more efficient while MF-I1 cultured in cell-free axenic medium showed a markedly reduced growth rate. We also identified modifications of important regulatory regions and heterogeneous lengths of dnaK mRNA transcripts isolated from intracellular and extracellular MF-I1. Both characteristics were less evident in dnaK mRNA transcripts isolated from MF-I1 grown in cell-free axenic media. Taken together, our data indicate that MF-I1, after establishing a chronic infection in eukaryotic cells, accumulates different forms of dnaK with efficient RNA turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Curreli
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Hervé Tettelin
- Institute for Genome Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Selvi Krishnan
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
| | - Fiorenza Cocchi
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Marvin Reitz
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
| | - Robert C. Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (S.K.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (R.C.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: (S.C.); (D.Z.)
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34
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Benedetti F, Curreli S, Gallo RC, Zella D. Exogenous bacterial DnaK increases protein kinases activity in human cancer cell lines. J Transl Med 2021; 19:60. [PMID: 33563293 PMCID: PMC7871384 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of molecular mechanisms underlying tumor cell signaling highlighted a critical role for kinases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. To this regard, protein kinases regulates a number of critical cellular pathways by adding phosphate groups to specific substrates. For this reason, their involvement in the complex interactions between the human microbiota and cancer cells to determine therapy and tumor progression outcome is becoming increasingly relevant. Mycoplasmas are components of the normal human microbiota, and several species have also been associated to human diseases, including certain cancers. It is also important to note that Mycoplasmas and their proteins are a component of the common tumor microenvironment. In addition, several epidemiological, in vivo and in vitro studies indicate a close involvement of Mycoplasmas in cellular transformation and cancer progression. METHODS In this study, we investigate the effect of exogenous Mycoplasma DnaK on kinases activity by treating in vitro four different eukaryotic cancer cell lines, namely lung and prostate cancer, colon adenocarcinoma, and neuroblastoma. Phosphorylation of kinases and specific substrates was measured at 20 and 60 min. RESULTS Kinome analysis of our data indicates that Mycoplasma DnaK promotes the dysregulation of the activity of specific kinases and their substrates, with a known involvement in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS Given the similarity in structure and amino acid composition of this protein with other bacterial DnaKs we provide a novel mechanism whereby components of the human microbiota and present in the tumor microenvironment are able to deregulate phosphorylation events occurring during carcinogenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Sabrina Curreli
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Robert C Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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35
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Benedetti F, Curreli S, Gallo RC, Zella D. Tampering of Viruses and Bacteria with Host DNA Repair: Implications for Cellular Transformation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E241. [PMID: 33440726 PMCID: PMC7826954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A reduced ability to properly repair DNA is linked to a variety of human diseases, which in almost all cases is associated with an increased probability of the development of cellular transformation and cancer. DNA damage, that ultimately can lead to mutations and genomic instability, is due to many factors, such as oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, viral and microbial pathogens, excess cellular proliferation and chemical factors. In this review, we examine the evidence connecting DNA damage and the mechanisms that viruses and bacteria have evolved to hamper the pathways dedicated to maintaining the integrity of genetic information, thus affecting the ability of their hosts to repair the damage(s). Uncovering new links between these important aspects of cancer biology might lead to the development of new targeted therapies in DNA-repair deficient cancers and improving the efficacy of existing therapies. Here we provide a comprehensive summary detailing the major mechanisms that viruses and bacteria associated with cancer employ to interfere with mechanisms of DNA repair. Comparing these mechanisms could ultimately help provide a common framework to better understand how certain microorganisms are involved in cellular transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Sabrina Curreli
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.C.); (R.C.G.)
| | - Robert C. Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (S.C.); (R.C.G.)
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
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36
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Henriquez FL, Mooney R, Bandel T, Giammarini E, Zeroual M, Fiori PL, Margarita V, Rappelli P, Dessì D. Paradigms of Protist/Bacteria Symbioses Affecting Human Health: Acanthamoeba species and Trichomonas vaginalis. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:616213. [PMID: 33488560 PMCID: PMC7817646 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.616213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since the publication of the seminal paper by Lynn Margulis in 1967 proposing the theory of the endosymbiotic origin of organelles, the study of the symbiotic relationships between unicellular eukaryotes and prokaryotes has received ever-growing attention by microbiologists and evolutionists alike. While the evolutionary significance of the endosymbiotic associations within protists has emerged and is intensively studied, the impact of these relationships on human health has been seldom taken into account. Microbial endosymbioses involving human eukaryotic pathogens are not common, and the sexually transmitted obligate parasite Trichomonas vaginalis and the free-living opportunistic pathogen Acanthamoeba represent two unique cases in this regard, to date. The reasons of this peculiarity for T. vaginalis and Acanthamoeba may be due to their lifestyles, characterized by bacteria-rich environments. However, this characteristic does not fully explain the reason why no bacterial endosymbiont has yet been detected in unicellular eukaryotic human pathogens other than in T. vaginalis and Acanthamoeba, albeit sparse and poorly investigated examples of morphological identification of bacteria-like microorganisms associated with Giardia and Entamoeba were reported in the past. In this review article we will present the body of experimental evidences revealing the profound effects of these examples of protist/bacteria symbiosis on the pathogenesis of the microbial species involved, and ultimately their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona L Henriquez
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of West Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Ronnie Mooney
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of West Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Bandel
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of West Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Giammarini
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of West Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Zeroual
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of West Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Fiori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Mediterrenean Center for Disease Control, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valentina Margarita
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Rappelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Mediterrenean Center for Disease Control, Sassari, Italy
| | - Daniele Dessì
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Mediterrenean Center for Disease Control, Sassari, Italy
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37
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Janke LJ, Imai DM, Tillman H, Doty R, Hoenerhoff MJ, Xu JJ, Freeman Z, Allen P, Fowlkes NW, Iacobucci I, Dickerson K, Mullighan CG, Vogel P, Rehg JE. Development of Mast Cell and Eosinophil Hyperplasia and HLH/MAS-Like Disease in NSG-SGM3 Mice Receiving Human CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cells or Patient-Derived Leukemia Xenografts. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:181-204. [PMID: 33208054 PMCID: PMC8414369 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820970144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunocompromised mouse strains expressing human transgenes are being increasingly used in biomedical research. The genetic modifications in these mice cause various cellular responses, resulting in histologic features unique to each strain. The NSG-SGM3 mouse strain is similar to the commonly used NSG (NOD scid gamma) strain but expresses human transgenes encoding stem cell factor (also known as KIT ligand), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin 3. This report describes 3 histopathologic features seen in these mice when they are unmanipulated or after transplantation with human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), virally transduced hCD34+ HSCs, or a leukemia patient-derived xenograft. The first feature is mast cell hyperplasia: unmanipulated, naïve mice develop periductular pancreatic aggregates of murine mast cells, whereas mice given the aforementioned human cells develop a proliferative infiltrative interstitial pancreatic mast cell hyperplasia but with human mast cells. The second feature is the predisposition of NSG-SGM3 mice given these human cells to develop eosinophil hyperplasia. The third feature, secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (HLH/MAS)-like disease, is the most pronounced in both its clinical and histopathologic presentations. As part of this disease, a small number of mice also have histiocytic infiltration of the brain and spinal cord with subsequent neurologic or vestibular signs. The presence of any of these features can confound accurate histopathologic interpretation; therefore, it is important to recognize them as strain characteristics and to differentiate them from what may be experimentally induced in the model being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Janke
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Denise M. Imai
- Comparative Pathology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Heather Tillman
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Mark J. Hoenerhoff
- In Vivo Animal Core, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiajie J. Xu
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zach Freeman
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Portia Allen
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Natalie Wall Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kirsten Dickerson
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Charles G. Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peter Vogel
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jerold E. Rehg
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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38
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Jeske R, Reininger D, Turgu B, Brauer A, Harmel C, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Martín V, Moreno V, Kogevinas M, Pollán M, Hoheisel JD, Waterboer T, Butt J, Aragonés N, Hufnagel K. Development of Helicobacter pylori Whole-Proteome Arrays and Identification of Serologic Biomarkers for Noncardia Gastric Cancer in the MCC-Spain Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2235-2242. [PMID: 32998950 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterial carcinogen and the leading risk factor for noncardia gastric cancer (NCGC). Detecting antibodies against specific H. pylori proteins in peripheral blood can be applied to characterize infection and determine disease associations. Most studies analyzing the association between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer have focused on previously identified antigens, predominantly the virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA). Selecting antigens in an unbiased approach may, however, allow the identification of novel biomarkers. METHODS Using a combination of multiple spotting technique and cell-free, on-chip protein expression, we displayed the H. pylori genome (strain 26695) on high-density microarrays. Immunogenic proteins were identified by serum pool incubations and henceforth analyzed in individual samples. To test its applicability, we used sera from a multicase-control (MCC)-Spain study. Serologic responses between NCGC cases and controls were assessed by conditional logistic regression estimating ORs and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS We successfully expressed 93% of the 1,440 H. pylori open reading frames in situ. Of these, 231 (17%) were found to be immunogenic. By comparing 58 NCGC cases with 58 matched controls, we confirmed a higher seroprevalence of CagA among cases (66%) than controls (31%). We further identified a potential novel marker, the Helicobacter outer membrane protein A (HopA). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we provide evidence that our H. pylori whole-proteome microarray offers a platform for unbiased de novo identification of serologic biomarkers. IMPACT Given its versatile workflow, antibody responses against other H. pylori strains and possible associations with diverse H. pylori-related outcomes can be systematically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Jeske
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Reininger
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Busra Turgu
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amber Brauer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Harmel
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Area, National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,The Research Group in Gene-Environment and Health Interactions, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Area, National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Butt
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)-CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Epidemiology Section, Division of Public Health, Department of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katrin Hufnagel
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Mycoplasmas-Host Interaction: Mechanisms of Inflammation and Association with Cellular Transformation. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091351. [PMID: 32899663 PMCID: PMC7565387 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasmas are the smallest and simplest self-replicating prokaryotes. Located everywhere in nature, they are widespread as parasites of humans, mammals, reptiles, fish, arthropods, and plants. They usually exhibiting organ and tissue specificity. Mycoplasmas belong to the class named Mollicutes (mollis = soft and cutis = skin, in Latin), and their small size and absence of a cell wall contribute to distinguish them from other bacteria. Mycoplasma species are found both outside the cells as membrane surface parasites and inside the cells, where they become intracellular residents as "silent parasites". In humans, some Mycoplasma species are found as commensal inhabitants, while others have a significant impact on the cellular metabolism and physiology. Mollicutes lack typical bacterial PAMPs (e.g., lipoteichoic acid, flagellin, and some lipopolysaccharides) and consequently the exact molecular mechanisms of Mycoplasmas' recognition by the cells of the immune system is the subjects of several researches for its pathogenic implications. It is well known that several strains of Mycoplasma suppress the transcriptional activity of p53, resulting in reduced apoptosis of damaged cells. In addition, some Mycoplasmas were reported to have oncogenic potential since they demonstrated not just accumulation of abnormalities but also phenotypic changes of the cells. Aim of this review is to provide an update of the current literature that implicates Mycoplasmas in triggering inflammation and altering critical cellular pathways, thus providing a better insight into potential mechanisms of cellular transformation.
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40
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Abdelazeem WM, Zolnikov TR, Mohammed ZR, Saad A, Osman KM. Virulence, antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic analysis of zoonotic walking pneumonia Mycoplasma arginini in the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). Acta Trop 2020; 207:105500. [PMID: 32330451 PMCID: PMC7172927 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the scientific literature, a small amount of information is found concerning mycoplasmosis in camel species. A variety of pathogens could be causative agents for pneumonia, but walking pneumonia is mostly caused by Mycoplasma with slow development and mild symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify mycoplasmas from camels (Camelus dromedarius) and extending the arsenal of factors implicated in pathogenicity of M. arginini to shed light on the current knowledge gap. 460 lung samples (pneumonic; n=210 and apparently healthy; n=250) were randomly collected from the one-humped camels (C. domedarius) that have been imported from Sudan and slaughtered at Cairo Slaughterhouse. 48 out of 210 isolates (22.9%) recovered from the pneumonic lungs were recorded as M. arginini. Positive PCR results were obtained for all 48 isolates. On the other hand, infection with the organism was not detected in the apparently healthy lungs. Hemolysis and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) production, a compound that has previously not been identified as a virulence factor in M. arginini, was evident in 100% of the isolates. The 48 M. arginini isolates were weak in their ability to form biofilm on polystyrene surfaces. All isolates were 100% susceptible to florfenicol and streptomycin and 100% resistant to ciprofloxacin. Resistance to lincomycin, spiromycin, tylosin, doxacyclin and erythromycin was observed at different frequencies. 13 different combinations of antibiotics representing one to four classes were evident with the Macrolide erythromycin being the most represented. It also should be noted that the ciprofloxacin, doxacyclin, lincomycin, erythromycin combination was the most noted in 21/48 isolates. Surprisingly, none of the virulence genes (vsp, uvrC and gapA) and quinolone resistance genes (parC and gyrA) were detected by PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alaa Saad
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Animal Health Research, Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kamelia M Osman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Zhao W, Bendickson L, Nilsen-Hamilton M. The Lipocalin2 Gene is Regulated in Mammary Epithelial Cells by NFκB and C/EBP In Response to Mycoplasma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7641. [PMID: 32376831 PMCID: PMC7203223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lcn2 gene expression increases in response to cell stress signals, particularly in cells involved in the innate immune response. Human Lcn2 (NGAL) is increased in the blood and tissues in response to many stressors including microbial infection and in response to LPS in myeloid and epithelial cells. Here we extend the microbial activators of Lcn2 to mycoplasma and describe studies in which the mechanism of Lcn2 gene regulation by MALP-2 and mycoplasma infection was investigated in mouse mammary epithelial cells. As for the LPS response of myeloid cells, Lcn2 expression in epithelial cells is preceded by increased TNFα, IL-6 and IκBζ expression and selective reduction of IκBζ reduces Lcn2 promoter activity. Lcn2 promoter activation remains elevated well beyond the period of exposure to MALP-2 and is persistently elevated in mycoplasma infected cells. Activation of either the human or the mouse Lcn2 promoter requires both NFκB and C/EBP for activation. Thus, Lcn2 is strongly and enduringly activated by mycoplasma components that stimulate the innate immune response with the same basic regulatory mechanism for the human and mouse genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology and the Interdepartmental Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Interdepartmental Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Bayview Physicians Group, Battlefield Medical association, 675 North Battlefield Boulevard, Chesapeake, VA, 23320, USA
| | - Lee Bendickson
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology and the Interdepartmental Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Marit Nilsen-Hamilton
- Roy J Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology and the Interdepartmental Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
- Interdepartmental Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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42
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Role of Mycoplasma Chaperone DnaK in Cellular Transformation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041311. [PMID: 32075244 PMCID: PMC7072988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the human microbiome have elucidated an array of complex interactions between prokaryotes and their hosts. However, precise bacterial pathogen-cancer relationships remain largely elusive, although several bacteria, particularly those establishing persistent intra-cellular infections, like mycoplasmas, can alter host cell cycles, affect apoptotic pathways, and stimulate the production of inflammatory substances linked to DNA damage, thus potentially promoting abnormal cell growth and transformation. Consistent with this idea, in vivo experiments in several chemically induced or genetically deficient mouse models showed that germ-free conditions reduce colonic tumor formation. We demonstrate that mycoplasma DnaK, a chaperone protein belonging to the Heath shock protein (Hsp)-70 family, binds Poly-(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP)-1, a protein that plays a critical role in the pathways involved in recognition of DNA damage and repair, and reduces its catalytic activity. It also binds USP10, a key p53 regulator, reducing p53 stability and anti-cancer functions. Finally, we showed that bystander, uninfected cells take up exogenous DnaK-suggesting a possible paracrine function in promoting cellular transformation, over and above direct mycoplasma infection. We propose that mycoplasmas, and perhaps certain other bacteria with closely related DnaK, may have oncogenic activity, mediated through the inhibition of DNA repair and p53 functions, and may be involved in the initiation of some cancers but not necessarily involved nor necessarily even be present in later stages.
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43
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Bullerdiek J. Bacteria acting with tumorigenic chaperones. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:291-292. [PMID: 30783826 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joern Bullerdiek
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Rostock Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 8, D-18057, Rostock, Germany.
- Human Genetics, University of Bremen, D-28359, Bremen, Germany.
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44
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Brechot C, Bryant J, Endtz H, Garry RF, Griffin DE, Lewin SR, Mercer N, Osterhaus A, Picot V, Vahlne A, Verjans GMGM, Weaver S. 2018 international meeting of the Global Virus Network. Antiviral Res 2019; 163:140-148. [PMID: 30690044 PMCID: PMC7127431 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Global Virus Network (GVN) was established in 2011 to strengthen research and responses to emerging viral causes of human disease and to prepare against new viral pandemics. There are now 45 GVN Centers of Excellence and 7 Affiliate laboratories in 29 countries. The 10th International GVN meeting was held from November 28–30, 2018 in Veyrier du Lac, France and was co-hosted by the two GVN Centers of Excellence, the Mérieux Foundation and the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (TiHo). The theme of this 10th International GVN meeting was “Eradication and control of (re-) emerging viruses”. This report highlights the recent accomplishments of GVN researchers in several important areas of medical virology, including strategies for the eradication of smallpox, measles, polio, SARS and vector-borne or zoonotic infections, emergence and intervention strategies for retroviruses and arboviruses, preparedness for outbreaks of Filo- and other hemophilic viruses, pathogenesis, impact and prevention of respiratory viruses, as well as, viruses affecting the central and peripheral nervous system. Also threats in crisis settings like refugee camps were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hubert Endtz
- Mérieux Foundation and the Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Diane E Griffin
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sharon R Lewin
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health and Monash University, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Anders Vahlne
- The Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Georges M G M Verjans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; TiHo-RIZ, Hannover, Germany
| | - Scott Weaver
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA
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