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Zhang M, Sitti M. Perspective on smart materials for empowering small-scale manipulation. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:718-721. [PMID: 38272731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Zhang
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland; School of Medicine and College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.
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2
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Wang L, Liu S, Zhao W, Li J, Zeng H, Kang S, Sheng X, Wang L, Fan Y, Yin L. Recent Advances in Implantable Neural Interfaces for Multimodal Electrical Neuromodulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303316. [PMID: 38323711 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Electrical neuromodulation plays a pivotal role in enhancing patient outcomes among individuals suffering from neurological disorders. Implantable neural interfaces are vital components of the electrical neuromodulation system to ensure desirable performance; However, conventional devices are limited to a single function and are constructed with bulky and rigid materials, which often leads to mechanical incompatibility with soft tissue and an inability to adapt to the dynamic and complex 3D structures of biological systems. In addition, current implantable neural interfaces utilized in clinical settings primarily rely on wire-based techniques, which are associated with complications such as increased risk of infection, limited positioning options, and movement restrictions. Here, the state-of-art applications of electrical neuromodulation are presented. Material schemes and device structures that can be employed to develop robust and multifunctional neural interfaces, including flexibility, stretchability, biodegradability, self-healing, self-rolling, or morphing are discussed. Furthermore, multimodal wireless neuromodulation techniques, including optoelectronics, mechano-electrics, magnetoelectrics, inductive coupling, and electrochemically based self-powered devices are reviewed. In the end, future perspectives are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wentai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiakun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Haoxuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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3
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Huang J, Liu Y, Wu J, Dong F, Liu C, Luo J, Liu X, Wang N, Wang L, Xu H. An extracellular matrix-mimicking magnetic microrobot for targeted elimination of circulating cancer cells. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:624-634. [PMID: 38086673 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells disseminate through the bloodstream, leading to metastasis in distant sites within the body. One promising strategy to prevent metastasis is to eliminate circulating tumor cells. However, this remains challenging due to the lack of an active and targeted biomedical tool for efficient cancer cell elimination. Here, we developed a magnetic microrobot by using natural materials derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic the ligand-receptor interaction between cancer cells and the ECM, offering targeted elimination of cancer cells. The ECM-mimicking microrobot is designed with a biodegradable hydrogel matrix, incorporating a cancer cell ligand and magnetic microparticles for cancer cell capture and active locomotion. This microrobot was fabricated based on an interface-shearing method, enabling controllable magnetic response and size scalability (30 μm-500 μm). The presented ECM-mimicking microrobot can actively approach and capture single cancer cells and cell clusters under the control of specific magnetic fields. The experiment was conducted in a blood vessel-mimicking simulator. The microrobot demonstrates an outstanding elimination efficacy of 92.3% on MDA-MB-231 cancer cells and a stable transport capability of the captured cells over long distances to a designed recycling site, inhibiting cell metastasis. This magnetic ECM-mimicking microrobot based on a bioinspired binding mechanism represents a promising candidate for the efficient elimination of cancer cells and other biological waste in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Jiandong Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Fuping Dong
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Chu Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Jiawei Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiangchao Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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4
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Chen W, Zhai L, Zhang S, Zhao Z, Hu Y, Xiang Y, Liu H, Xu Z, Jiang L, Wen L. Cascade-heterogated biphasic gel iontronics for electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transmission. Science 2023; 382:559-565. [PMID: 37917701 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, electronics and iontronics in abiotic-biotic systems can only use electrons and single-species ions as unitary signal carriers. Thus, a mechanism of gating transmission for multiple biosignals in such devices is needed to match and modulate complex aqueous-phase biological systems. Here we report the use of cascade-heterogated biphasic gel iontronics to achieve diverse electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transmission. The cascade-heterogated property determined the transfer free energy barriers experienced by ions and ionic hydration-dehydration states under an electric potential field, fundamentally enhancing the distinction of cross-interface transmission between different ions by several orders of magnitude. Such heterogated or chemical-heterogated iontronics with programmable features can be coupled with multi-ion cross-interface mobilities for hierarchical and selective cross-stage signal transmission. We expect that such iontronics would be ideal candidates for a variety of biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Linxin Zhai
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Suli Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Ziguang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yun Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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5
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Xing Y, Zhou M, Si Y, Yang CY, Feng LW, Wu Q, Wang F, Wang X, Huang W, Cheng Y, Zhang R, Duan X, Liu J, Song P, Sun H, Wang H, Zhang J, Jiang S, Zhu M, Wang G. Integrated opposite charge grafting induced ionic-junction fiber. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2355. [PMID: 37095082 PMCID: PMC10126126 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of ionic-junction devices has attracted growing interests due to the potential of serving as signal transmission and translation media between electronic devices and biological systems using ions. Among them, fiber-shaped iontronics possesses a great advantage in implantable applications owing to the unique one-dimensional geometry. However, fabricating stable ionic-junction on curved surfaces remains a challenge. Here, we developed a polyelectrolyte based ionic-junction fiber via an integrated opposite charge grafting method capable of large-scale continuous fabrication. The ionic-junction fibers can be integrated into functions such as ionic diodes and ionic bipolar junction transistors, where rectification and switching of input signals are implemented. Moreover, synaptic functionality has also been demonstrated by utilizing the fiber memory capacitance. The connection between the ionic-junction fiber and sciatic nerves of the mouse simulating end-to-side anastomosis is further performed to realize effective nerve signal conduction, verifying the capability for next-generation artificial neural pathways in implantable bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjie Zhou
- Department of Hand Surgery, Center for the Reconstruction of Limb Function, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital; Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital; NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Institute of Hand Surgery, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueguang Si
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi-Yuan Yang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China
| | - Qilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Center for the Reconstruction of Limb Function, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital; Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital; NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Institute of Hand Surgery, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Center for the Reconstruction of Limb Function, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital; Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital; NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Institute of Hand Surgery, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhua Cheng
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Eletro-optical Engineering, 210007, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Song
- National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Eletro-optical Engineering, 210007, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengda Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Center for the Reconstruction of Limb Function, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital; Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Jing'an District Central Hospital; NHC Key Laboratory of Hand Reconstruction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery, Institute of Hand Surgery, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China.
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Ashok A, Nguyen TK, Barton M, Leitch M, Masud MK, Park H, Truong TA, Kaneti YV, Ta HT, Li X, Liang K, Do TN, Wang CH, Nguyen NT, Yamauchi Y, Phan HP. Flexible Nanoarchitectonics for Biosensing and Physiological Monitoring Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204946. [PMID: 36538749 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and implantable electronics hold tremendous promises for advanced healthcare applications, especially for physiological neural recording and modulations. Key requirements in neural interfaces include miniature dimensions for spatial physiological mapping and low impedance for recognizing small biopotential signals. Herein, a bottom-up mesoporous formation technique and a top-down microlithography process are integrated to create flexible and low-impedance mesoporous gold (Au) electrodes for biosensing and bioimplant applications. The mesoporous architectures developed on a thin and soft polymeric substrate provide excellent mechanical flexibility and stable electrical characteristics capable of sustaining multiple bending cycles. The large surface areas formed within the mesoporous network allow for high current density transfer in standard electrolytes, highly suitable for biological sensing applications as demonstrated in glucose sensors with an excellent detection limit of 1.95 µm and high sensitivity of 6.1 mA cm-2 µM-1 , which is approximately six times higher than that of benchmarking flat/non-porous films. The low impedance of less than 1 kΩ at 1 kHz in the as-synthesized mesoporous electrodes, along with their mechanical flexibility and durability, offer peripheral nerve recording functionalities that are successfully demonstrated in vivo. These features highlight the new possibilities of our novel flexible nanoarchitectonics for neuronal recording and modulation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Ashok
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Tuan-Khoa Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Matthew Barton
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland - Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Michael Leitch
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Mostafa Kamal Masud
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Hyeongyu Park
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Thanh-An Truong
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Yusuf Valentino Kaneti
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Hang Thu Ta
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Kang Liang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Thanh Nho Do
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Foundation Institute of Health Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Chun-Hui Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
- JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics Project and International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hoang-Phuong Phan
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Foundation Institute of Health Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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7
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Rafique A, Ferreira I, Abbas G, Baptista AC. Recent Advances and Challenges Toward Application of Fibers and Textiles in Integrated Photovoltaic Energy Storage Devices. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:40. [PMID: 36662335 PMCID: PMC9860006 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-01008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Flexible microelectronic devices have seen an increasing trend toward development of miniaturized, portable, and integrated devices as wearable electronics which have the requirement for being light weight, small in dimension, and suppleness. Traditional three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) electronics gadgets fail to effectively comply with these necessities owing to their stiffness and large weights. Investigations have come up with a new family of one-dimensional (1D) flexible and fiber-based electronic devices (FBEDs) comprising power storage, energy-scavenging, implantable sensing, and flexible displays gadgets. However, development and manufacturing are still a challenge owing to their small radius, flexibility, low weight, weave ability and integration in textile electronics. This paper will provide a detailed review on the importance of substrates in electronic devices, intrinsic property requirements, fabrication classification and applications in energy harvesting, energy storage and other flexible electronic devices. Fiber- and textile-based electronic devices for bulk/scalable fabrications, encapsulation, and testing are reviewed and presented future research ideas to enhance the commercialization of these fiber-based electronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjid Rafique
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Baptista
- CENIMAT|I3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
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8
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Xia Z, Li S, Wu G, Shao Y, Yang D, Luo J, Jiao Z, Sun J, Shao Y. Manipulating Hierarchical Orientation of Wet-Spun Hybrid Fibers via Rheological Engineering for Zn-Ion Fiber Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203905. [PMID: 35765207 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wet-spinning is a promising strategy to fabricate fiber electrodes for real commercial fiber battery applications, according to its great compatibility with large-scale fiber production. However, engineering the rheological properties of the electrochemical active materials to accommodate the viscoelasticity or liquid crystalline requirements for continuous wet-spinning remains a daunting challenge. Here, with entropy-driven volume-exclusion effects, the rheological behavior of vanadium pentoxide (V2 O5 ) nanowire dispersions is regulated through introducing 2D graphene oxide (GO) flakes in an optimal ratio. By optimizing the viscoelasticity and liquid-crystalline behavior of the spinning dope, the wet-spun hybrid fibers display controlled hierarchical orientation. The wet-spun V2 O5 /rGO hybrid fiber with the optimal 10:1 mass fraction (V2 O5 /rGO10:1 ) exhibits a highly oriented nanoblock arrangement, enabling efficient Zn-ion migration and an excellent Zn-ion storage capacity of 486.03 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 . A half-meter long quasi-solid-state fiber Zn-ion battery is assembled with a polyacrylamide gel electrolyte and biocompatible Ecoflex encapsulation. The thus-derived fiber Zn-ion battery is integrated into a wearable self-powered system, incorporating a highly efficient GaAs solar cell, which delivers a record-high overall efficiency (9.80%) for flexible solar charging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xia
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Guiqing Wu
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Shao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Dongzi Yang
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Luo
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Jiao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Shao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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9
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Yoo J, Li S, Kim DH, Yang J, Choi MK. Materials and design strategies for stretchable electroluminescent devices. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:801-821. [PMID: 35686540 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00158f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable displays have recently received increasing attention as input and/or output interfaces for next-generation human-friendly electronic systems. Stretchable electroluminescent (EL) devices are a core component of stretchable displays, and they can be classified into two types, structurally stretchable EL devices and intrinsically stretchable EL devices, according to the mechanism for achieving their stretchability. We herein present recent advances in materials and design strategies for stretchable EL devices. First, stretchable devices based on ultrathin EL devices are introduced. Ultrathin EL devices are mechanically flexible like thin paper, and they can become stretchable through various structural engineering methods, such as inducing a buckled structure, employing interconnects with stretchable geometries, and applying origami/kirigami techniques. Secondly, intrinsically stretchable EL devices can be fabricated by using inherently stretchable electronic materials. For example, light-emitting electrochemical cells and EL devices with a simpler structure using alternating current have been developed. Furthermore, novel stretchable semiconductor materials have been presented for the development of intrinsically stretchable light-emitting diodes. After discussing these two types of stretchable EL devices, we briefly discuss applications of deformable EL devices and conclude the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Yang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
- Energy Science and Engineering Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kee Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Center for Future Semiconductor Technology (FUST), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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10
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Liu S, Liu L, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhang XD, Ming D. A High-Performance Electrode Based on van der Waals Heterostructure for Neural Recording. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4400-4409. [PMID: 35587781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural electrodes have been widely used to monitor neurological disorders and have a major impact on neuroscience, whereas traditional electrodes are limited to their inherent high impedance, which makes them insensitive to weak signals during recording neural signals. Herein, we developed a neural electrode based on the graphene/Ag van der Waals heterostructure for improving the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The impedance of the graphene/Ag electrode is reduced to 161.4 ± 13.4 MΩ μm2, while the cathode charge-storage capacity (CSCc) reaches 24.2 ± 1.9 mC cm-2, which is 6.3 and 48.4 times higher than those of the commercial Ag electrodes, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) results find that the Ag-graphene interface has more doped electronic states, providing faster electron transfer and enhanced interfacial transport. In vivo detection sensitivity and SNR of graphene/Ag electrodes are significantly improved. The current work provides a feasible solution for designing brain electrodes to monitor neural signals more sensitively and accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials Physics, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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11
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Xiong Z, Huang W, Liang Q, Cao Y, Liu S, He Z, Zhang R, Zhang B, Green R, Zhang S, Li D. Harnessing the 2D Structure-Enabled Viscoelasticity of Graphene-Based Hydrogel Membranes for Chronic Neural Interfacing. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200022. [PMID: 35261208 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stiffness and viscoelasticity of neural implants regulate the foreign body response. Recent studies have suggested the use of elastic or viscoelastic materials with tissue-like stiffness for long-term neural electrical interfacing. Herein, the authors find that a viscoelastic multilayered graphene hydrogel (MGH) membrane, despite exhibiting a much higher Young's modulus than nerve tissues, shows little inflammatory response after 8-week implantation in rat sciatic nerves. The MGH membrane shows significant viscoelasticity due to the slippage between graphene nanosheets, facilitating its seamless yet minimally compressive interfacing with nerves to reduce the inflammation caused by the stiffness mismatch. When used as neural stimulation electrodes, the MGH membrane can offer abundant ion-accessible surfaces to bring a charge injection capacity 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than its traditional Pt counterpart, and further demonstrates chronic neural therapy potential in low-voltage modulation of rat blood pressure. This work suggests that the emergence of 2D nanomaterials and particularly their unique structural attributes can be harnessed to enable new bio-interfacing design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Xiong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Shuyi Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zicong He
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rylie Green
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Shuixing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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12
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Heng W, Solomon S, Gao W. Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human-Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107902. [PMID: 34897836 PMCID: PMC9035141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Medical robots are invaluable players in non-pharmaceutical treatment of disabilities. Particularly, using prosthetic and rehabilitation devices with human-machine interfaces can greatly improve the quality of life for impaired patients. In recent years, flexible electronic interfaces and soft robotics have attracted tremendous attention in this field due to their high biocompatibility, functionality, conformability, and low-cost. Flexible human-machine interfaces on soft robotics will make a promising alternative to conventional rigid devices, which can potentially revolutionize the paradigm and future direction of medical robotics in terms of rehabilitation feedback and user experience. In this review, the fundamental components of the materials, structures, and mechanisms in flexible human-machine interfaces are summarized by recent and renowned applications in five primary areas: physical and chemical sensing, physiological recording, information processing and communication, soft robotic actuation, and feedback stimulation. This review further concludes by discussing the outlook and current challenges of these technologies as a human-machine interface in medical robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Heng
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Samuel Solomon
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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13
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Guo H, Niu H, Zhao H, Kang L, Ren Y, Lv R, Ren L, Maqbool M, Bashir A, Bai S. Highly Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Three-Dimensional Printed Boron Nitride-Filled Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites: Effects of Size, Orientation, Viscosity, and Voids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14568-14578. [PMID: 35302747 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques usually exhibit anisotropic thermal, mechanical, and electric properties due to the shearing-induced alignment during extrusion. However, the transformation from the extrusion to stacking process is always neglected and its influence on the final properties remains ambiguous. In this work, we adopt two different sized boron nitride (BN) sheets, namely, small-sized BN (S-BN) and large-sized BN (L-BN), to explore their impact on the orientation degree, morphology, and final anisotropic thermal conductivity (TC) of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites by fused deposition modeling. The transformation from one-dimensional axial alignment in the extruded filament to two-dimensional alignment (horizontal and vertical alignment) in the stacking filament of BN sheets is observed, and its impact on anisotropic TC in three directions is clarified. It is found that L-BN/TPU composites show a high TC of 6.45 W m-1 K-1 at 60 wt % BN content along the printing direction, while at a lower content (<40 wt %), S-BN/TPU composites exhibit a higher TC than L-BN/TPU composites. Effects of orientation, viscosity, and voids are comprehensively considered to elucidate such differences. Finally, heat dissipation tests demonstrate the great potential of 3D printed BN/TPU composites to be used in thermal management applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongyu Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haoyuan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lei Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanjuan Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruicong Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liucheng Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Muhammad Maqbool
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Akbar Bashir
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shulin Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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14
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Liang C, Liu Y, Lu W, Tian G, Zhao Q, Yang D, Sun J, Qi D. Strategies for interface issues and challenges of neural electrodes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3346-3366. [PMID: 35179152 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural electrodes, as a bridge for bidirectional communication between the body and external devices, are crucial means for detecting and controlling nerve activity. The electrodes play a vital role in monitoring the state of neural systems or influencing it to treat disease or restore functions. To achieve high-resolution, safe and long-term stable nerve recording and stimulation, a neural electrode with excellent electrochemical performance (e.g., impedance, charge storage capacity, charge injection limit), and good biocompatibility and stability is required. Here, the charge transfer process in the tissues, the electrode-tissue interfaces and the electrode materials are discussed respectively. Subsequently, the latest research methods and strategies for improving the electrochemical performance and biocompatibility of neural electrodes are reviewed. Finally, the challenges in the development of neural electrodes are proposed. It is expected that the development of neural electrodes will offer new opportunities for the evolution of neural prosthesis, bioelectronic medicine, brain science, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyuan Liang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Weihong Lu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Gongwei Tian
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Qinyi Zhao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Sun
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
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15
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Gowda VK, Rosén T, Roth SV, Söderberg LD, Lundell F. Nanofibril Alignment during Assembly Revealed by an X-ray Scattering-Based Digital Twin. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2120-2132. [PMID: 35104107 PMCID: PMC8867913 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The nanostructure, primarily particle orientation, controls mechanical and functional (e.g., mouthfeel, cell compatibility, optical, morphing) properties when macroscopic materials are assembled from nanofibrils. Understanding and controlling the nanostructure is therefore an important key for the continued development of nanotechnology. We merge recent developments in the assembly of biological nanofibrils, X-ray diffraction orientation measurements, and computational fluid dynamics of complex flows. The result is a digital twin, which reveals the complete particle orientation in complex and transient flow situations, in particular the local alignment and spatial variation of the orientation distributions of different length fractions, both along the process and over a specific cross section. The methodology forms a necessary foundation for analysis and optimization of assembly involving anisotropic particles. Furthermore, it provides a bridge between advanced in operandi measurements of nanostructures and phenomena such as transitions between liquid crystal states and in silico studies of particle interactions and agglomeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Krishne Gowda
- Department
of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute
of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- FLOW, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Rosén
- Treesearch, Royal
Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of
Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute
of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan V. Roth
- Treesearch, Royal
Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of
Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute
of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Deutches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L. Daniel Söderberg
- FLOW, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Treesearch, Royal
Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of
Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute
of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Lundell
- Department
of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute
of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- FLOW, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Royal Institute of
Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- E-mail:
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16
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Chen J, Liu X, Tian Y, Zhu W, Yan C, Shi Y, Kong LB, Qi HJ, Zhou K. 3D-Printed Anisotropic Polymer Materials for Functional Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102877. [PMID: 34699637 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropy is the characteristic of a material to exhibit variations in its mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical properties, etc. along different directions. Anisotropic materials have attracted great research interest because of their wide applications in aerospace, sensing, soft robotics, and tissue engineering. 3D printing provides exceptional advantages in achieving controlled compositions and complex architecture, thereby enabling the manufacture of 3D objects with anisotropic functionalities. Here, a comprehensive review of the recent progress on 3D printing of anisotropic polymer materials based on different techniques including material extrusion, vat photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, and sheet lamination is presented. The state-of-the-art strategies implemented in manipulating anisotropic structures are highlighted with the discussion of material categories, functionalities, and potential applications. This review is concluded with analyzing the current challenges and providing perspectives for further development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Chen
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaojiang Liu
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yujia Tian
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhu
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chunze Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ling Bing Kong
- College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Hang Jerry Qi
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kun Zhou
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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17
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Mechanical sensors based on two-dimensional materials: Sensing mechanisms, structural designs and wearable applications. iScience 2022; 25:103728. [PMID: 35072014 PMCID: PMC8762477 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with bulk materials, atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) crystals possess a range of unique mechanical properties, including relatively high in-plane stiffness and large bending flexibility. The atomic 2D building blocks can be reassembled into precisely designed heterogeneous composite structures of various geometries with customized mechanical sensing behaviors. Due to their small specific density, high flexibility, and environmental adaptability, mechanical sensors based on 2D materials can conform to soft and curved surfaces, thus providing suitable solutions for functional applications in future wearable devices. In this review, we summarize the latest developments in mechanical sensors based on 2D materials from the perspective of function-oriented applications. First, typical mechanical sensing mechanisms are introduced. Second, we attempt to establish a correspondence between typical structure designs and the performance/multi-functions of the devices. Afterward, several particularly promising areas for potential applications are discussed, following which we present perspectives on current challenges and future opportunities
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18
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Xu B, Pei J, Feng L, Zhang XD. Graphene and graphene-related materials as brain electrodes. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9485-9496. [PMID: 34797365 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01795k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural electrodes are used for acquiring neuron signals in brain-machine interfaces, and they are crucial for next-generation neuron engineering and related medical applications. Thus, developing flexible, stable and high-resolution neural electrodes will play an important role in stimulation, acquisition, recording and analysis of signals. Compared with traditional metallic electrodes, electrodes based on graphene and other two-dimensional materials have attracted wide attention in electrophysiological recording and stimulation due to their excellent physical properties such as unique flexibility, low resistance, and high optical transparency. In this review, we have reviewed the recent progress of electrodes based on graphene, graphene/polymer compounds and graphene-related materials for neuron signal recording, stimulation, and related optical signal coupling technology, which provides an outlook on the role of electrodes in the nanotechnology-neuron interface as well as medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jiahui Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Liefeng Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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19
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Wu Z, Rong L, Yang J, Wei Y, Tao K, Zhou Y, Yang BR, Xie X, Wu J. Ion-Conductive Hydrogel-Based Stretchable, Self-Healing, and Transparent NO 2 Sensor with High Sensitivity and Selectivity at Room Temperature. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2104997. [PMID: 34672085 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Here stretchable, self-healable, and transparent gas sensors based on salt-infiltrated hydrogels for high-performance NO2 sensing in both anaerobic environment and air at room temperature, are reported. The salt-infiltrated hydrogel displays high sensitivity to NO2 (119.9%/ppm), short response and recovery time (29.8 and 41.0 s, respectively), good linearity, low theoretical limit of detection (LOD) of 86 ppt, high selectivity, stability, and conductivity. A new gas sensing mechanism based on redox reactions occurring at the electrode-hydrogel interface is proposed to understand the sensing behaviors. The gas sensing performance of hydrogel is greatly improved by incorporating calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) in the hydrogel via a facile salt-infiltration strategy, leading to a higher sensitivity (2.32 times) and much lower LOD (0.06 times). Notably, both the gas sensing ability, conductivity, and mechanical deformability of hydrogels are readily self-healable after cutting off and reconnection. Such large deformations as 100% strain do not deprive the gas sensing capability, but rather shorten the response and recovery time significantly. The CaCl2 -infiltrated hydrogel shows excellent selectivity of NO2 , with good immunity to the interference gases. These results indicate that the salt-infiltrated hydrogel has great potential for wearable electronics equipped with gas sensing capability in both anaerobic and aerobic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Limin Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jinglan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yaoming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Kai Tao
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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20
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Xiao Y, Wang M, Li Y, Sun Z, Liu Z, He L, Liu R. High-Adhesive Flexible Electrodes and Their Manufacture: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1505. [PMID: 34945355 PMCID: PMC8704330 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
All human activity is associated with the generation of electrical signals. These signals are collectively referred to as electrical physiology (EP) signals (e.g., electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, electromyography, electrooculography, etc.), which can be recorded by electrodes. EP electrodes are not only widely used in the study of primary diseases and clinical practice, but also have potential applications in wearable electronics, human-computer interface, and intelligent robots. Various technologies are required to achieve such goals. Among these technologies, adhesion and stretchable electrode technology is a key component for rapid development of high-performance sensors. In last decade, remarkable efforts have been made in the development of flexible and high-adhesive EP recording systems and preparation technologies. Regarding these advancements, this review outlines the design strategies and related materials for flexible and adhesive EP electrodes, and briefly summarizes their related manufacturing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xiao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China; (Y.X.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China; (Y.X.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Ye Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China; (Y.X.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhicheng Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China; (Y.X.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zilong Liu
- Division of Optics, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Liang He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Ruping Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China; (Y.X.); (M.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.S.)
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21
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Zhou X, Ren L, Liu Q, Song Z, Wu Q, He Y, Li B, Ren L. Advances in Field-Assisted 3D Printing of Bio-Inspired Composites: From Bioprototyping to Manufacturing. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100332. [PMID: 34784100 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biocomposite systems evolve to superior structural strategies in adapting to their living environments, using limited materials to form functionality superior to their inherent properties. The synergy of physical-field and Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies creates unprecedented opportunities that overcome the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods and enable the precise replication of bio-enhanced structures. Here, an overview of typical structural designs in biocomposite systems, their functions and properties, are provided and the recent advances in bio-inspired composites using mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and ultrasound-field-assisted 3D printing techniques are highlighted. Finally, in order to realize the preparation of bionic functional devices and equipment with more superior functions, here an outlook on the development of field-assisted 3D printing technology from three aspects are provided: Materials, technology, and post-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Song
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yulin He
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Bingqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China.,School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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22
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Ravichandran D, Xu W, Jambhulkar S, Zhu Y, Kakarla M, Bawareth M, Song K. Intrinsic Field-Induced Nanoparticle Assembly in Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing Polymeric Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:52274-52294. [PMID: 34709033 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are materials considered to be 1-100 nm in size and are available in different dimensional shapes, geometrical sizes, physical morphologies, mechanical robustness, and chemical compositions. Irrespective of the dimensions (i.e., zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D), and two-dimensional (2D)), NPs have a tendency to become entangled together, forming aggregations due to high attraction, making it hard to realize their full potential from their ordered counterparts. Many challenges exist to attain high-quality stabilized dispersion and long-range ordered assembly of NPs. Three-dimensional printing (3DP), also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a technique dependent on layer-by-layer material addition for building 3D structures and encompasses a few categories based on the feedstock material types and printing mechanisms. One benefit from the 3DP procedures is their capability to produce anisotropic microstructural/nanostructural characteristics for desired mechanical reinforcement, transport phenomena, energy management, and biomedical implants. This paper briefly overviews relevant 3DP methods with an embedded nature to assemble nanoparticles without interference with external fields (e.g., magnetic or electrical). Our focus is the shear-field-induced nanoparticle alignment, covering material jetting-, electrohydrodynamic-, filament melting-, and ink writing-based 3DP. A concise summary of photopolymerization and its "optical tweezer" effects on nanoparticle confinement also inspires creative approaches in generating ordered nanostructures. The nanoparticles and polymers involved in this review are diverse, consisting of metallic, ceramic, and carbon nanoparticles in matrices or on surfaces of varying macromolecules. A short statement of challenges (e.g., low resolution, slow printing speed, limited material options) for 3DP-enabled nanoparticle orders provides some perspectives toward the enormous potential of 3DP in directing NPs assembly and fabricating high-performance polymer/nanoparticle composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharneedar Ravichandran
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Weiheng Xu
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Sayli Jambhulkar
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Mounika Kakarla
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Mohammed Bawareth
- Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Kenan Song
- Assistant Professor of Manufacturing Engineering, and Director of Advanced Materials Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory (AMAML), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
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23
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Wu S, Fu T, Qiu R, Xu L. DNA fragmentation in complicated flow fields created by micro-funnel shapes. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:9047-9056. [PMID: 34570150 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00984b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Micro-funnels have been widely applied to produce extensionally dominant flows for DNA manipulation, such as DNA extension for DNA mapping and DNA fragmentation for gene sequencing. However, it still lacks a systematic understanding of DNA fragmentation behaviors in complicated flow fields regulated by different funnel shapes with high flow rates. This limits the rational design and application scope of related microfluidic devices. In this study, fragmentation experiments of λ DNA were carried out in microfluidic chips with four different micro-funnel shapes, namely a sudden finish, a linear contraction, a constant acceleration, and an increasing extension rate funnel. The experimental results demonstrated a significant effect of the micro-funnel shape on the produced DNA fragment size. Then, the dynamical behaviors of DNA molecules in flow fields created by different micro-funnels were simulated using a numerical method of Brownian dynamics-computational fluid dynamics. The numerical simulation revealed that both the magnitude and distribution of the extension rate of flow fields were drastically altered by the funnel shape, and the extension rate at the micro-scale was the dominant factor of DNA fragmentation. The different DNA fragmentation behaviors in four micro-funnels were investigated from the perspectives including the fragment size distribution, fragmentation location, percentage of broken molecules, conformational type and stretched length of DNA before fragmentation. The results elucidated the significant impact of funnel shape on the dynamical behaviors of DNA fragmentation. This study offers insights into the rational design of microfluidic chips for DNA manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Wu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Tengfei Fu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Renhui Qiu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Luping Xu
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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24
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Zhu M, Wang H, Li S, Liang X, Zhang M, Dai X, Zhang Y. Flexible Electrodes for In Vivo and In Vitro Electrophysiological Signal Recording. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100646. [PMID: 34050635 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A variety of electrophysiological signals (electrocardiography, electromyography, electroencephalography, etc.) are generated during the physiological activities of human bodies, which can be collected by electrodes and thus provide critical insights into health status or facilitate fundamental scientific research. The long-term stable and high-quality recording of electrophysiological signals is the premise for their further applications, leading to demands for flexible electrodes with similar mechanical modulus and minimized irritation to human bodies. This review summarizes the latest advances in flexible electrodes for the acquisition of various electrophysiological signals. First, the concept of electrophysiological signals and the characteristics of different subcategory signals are introduced. Second, the invasive and noninvasive methods are reviewed for electrophysiological signal recording with a highlight on the design of flexible electrodes, followed by a discussion on their material selection. Subsequently, the applications of the electrophysiological signal acquisition in pathological diagnosis and restoration of body functions are discussed, showing the advantages of flexible electrodes. Finally, the main challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed. It is believed that the further exploration of materials for flexible electrodes and the combination of multidisciplinary technologies will boost the applications of flexible electrodes for medical diagnosis and human-machine interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Xiaochuan Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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25
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Wang D, Tan J, Zhu H, Mei Y, Liu X. Biomedical Implants with Charge-Transfer Monitoring and Regulating Abilities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2004393. [PMID: 34166584 PMCID: PMC8373130 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane charge (ion/electron) transfer is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is involved in many biological processes, from protein synthesis to embryonic development in organisms. Designing implant devices that can detect or regulate cellular transmembrane charge transfer is expected to sense and modulate the behaviors of host cells and tissues. Thus, charge transfer can be regarded as a bridge connecting living systems and human-made implantable devices. This review describes the mode and mechanism of charge transfer between organisms and nonliving materials, and summarizes the strategies to endow implants with charge-transfer regulating or monitoring abilities. Furthermore, three major charge-transfer controlling systems, including wired, self-activated, and stimuli-responsive biomedical implants, as well as the design principles and pivotal materials are systematically elaborated. The clinical challenges and the prospects for future development of these implant devices are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Ji Tan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
| | - Hongqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310024China
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26
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Lv J, Thangavel G, Li Y, Xiong J, Gao D, Ciou J, Tan MWM, Aziz I, Chen S, Chen J, Zhou X, Poh WC, Lee PS. Printable elastomeric electrodes with sweat-enhanced conductivity for wearables. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg8433. [PMID: 34261658 PMCID: PMC8279513 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg8433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We rationally synthesized the thermoplastic and hydrophilic poly(urethane-acrylate) (HPUA) binder for a type of printable and stretchable Ag flakes-HPUA (Ag-HPUA) electrodes in which the conductivity can be enhanced by human sweat. In the presence of human sweat, the synergistic effect of Cl- and lactic acid enables the partial removal of insulating surfactant on silver flakes and facilitates sintering of the exposed silver flakes, thus the resistance of Ag-HPUA electrodes can be notably reduced in both relaxed and stretched state. The on-body data show that the resistance of one electrode has been decreased from 3.02 to 0.62 ohm during the subject's 27-min sweating activity. A stretchable textile sweat-activated battery using Ag-HPUA electrodes as current collectors and human sweat as the electrolyte was constructed for wearable electronics. The enhanced conductivity of the wearable wiring electrode from the reaction with sweat would provide meritorious insight into the design of wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Gurunathan Thangavel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Jiaqing Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Dace Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jinghao Ciou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Matthew Wei Ming Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Izzat Aziz
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shaohua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Juntong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xinran Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Church Poh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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27
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Abstract
Wearable electronics are receiving increasing attention with the advances of human society and technologies. Among various types of wearable electronics, electronic fibers/textiles, which integrate the comfort and appearance of conventional fibers/textiles with the functions of electronic devices, are expected to play important roles in remote health monitoring, disease diagnosis/treatment, and human-machine interface. This article aims to review the recent advances in electronic fibers/textiles, thus providing a comprehensive guiding reference for future work. First, we review the selection of functional materials and fabrication strategies of fiber-shaped electronic devices with emphasis on the newly developed functional materials and technologies. Their applications in sensing, light emitting, energy harvest, and energy storage are discussed. Then, the fabrication strategies and applications of electronic textiles are summarized. Furthermore, the integration of multifunctional electronic textiles and their applications are summarized. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and propose the future development of electronic fibers/textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Corresponding author
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28
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Guo H, Zhao H, Niu H, Ren Y, Fang H, Fang X, Lv R, Maqbool M, Bai S. Highly Thermally Conductive 3D Printed Graphene Filled Polymer Composites for Scalable Thermal Management Applications. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6917-6928. [PMID: 33856782 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Efficient thermal transportation in a preferred direction is highly favorable for thermal management issues. The combination of 3D printing and two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, BN, and so on enables infinite possibilities for hierarchically aligned structure programming. In this work, we report the formation of the asymmetrically aligned structure of graphene filled thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites during 3D printing process. The as-printed vertically aligned structure demonstrates a through-plane thermal conductivity (TC) up to 12 W m-1 K-1 at 45 wt % graphene content, which is ∼8 times of that of a horizontally printed structure and surpasses many of the traditional particle reinforced polymer composites. The superior TC is mainly attributed to the anisotropic structure design that benefited from the preferable degree of orientation of graphene and the multiscale dense structure realized by finely controlling the printing parameters. Finite element method (FEM) confirms the essential impact of anisotropic TC design for highly thermal conductive composites. This study provides an effective way to develop 3D printed graphene-based polymer composites for scalable thermal-related applications such as battery thermal management, electric packaging, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haoyuan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hongyu Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanjuan Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haoming Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xingxing Fang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ruicong Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Muhammad Maqbool
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shulin Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, CAPT/HEDPS/LTCS, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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29
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Li S, Fan Z, Wu G, Shao Y, Xia Z, Wei C, Shen F, Tong X, Yu J, Chen K, Wang M, Zhao Y, Luo Z, Jian M, Sun J, Kaner RB, Shao Y. Assembly of Nanofluidic MXene Fibers with Enhanced Ionic Transport and Capacitive Charge Storage by Flake Orientation. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7821-7832. [PMID: 33834770 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are an emerging class of highly conductive two-dimensional (2D) materials with electrochemical storage features. Oriented macroscopic Ti3C2Tx fibers can be fabricated from a colloidal 2D nematic phase dispersion. The layered conductive Ti3C2Tx fibers are ideal candidates for constructing high-speed ionic transport channels to enhance the electrochemical capacitive charge storage performance. In this work, we assemble Ti3C2Tx fibers with a high degree of flake orientation by a wet spinning process with controlled spinning speeds and morphology of the spinneret. In addition to the effects of cross-linking of magnesium ions between Ti3C2Tx flakes, the electronic conductivity and mechanical strength of the as-prepared fibers have been improved to 7200 S cm-1 and 118 MPa, respectively. The oriented Ti3C2Tx fibers present a volumetric capacitive charge storage capability of up to 1360 F cm-3 even in a Mg-ion based neutral electrolyte, with contributions from both nanofluidic ion transport and Mg-ion intercalation pseudocapacitance. The oriented 2D Ti3C2Tx driven nanofluidic channels with great electronic conductivity and mechanical strength endows the MXene fibers with attributes for serving as conductive ionic cables and active materials for fiber-type capacitive electrochemical energy storage, biosensors, and potentially biocompatible fibrillar tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhaodi Fan
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Guiqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Shao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Xia
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Chaohui Wei
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Jinchao Yu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Menglei Wang
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhipu Luo
- Institute of Molecular Enzymology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Richard B Kaner
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yuanlong Shao
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, SUDA-BGI Collaborative Innovation Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P.R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
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30
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Wang C, Yokota T, Someya T. Natural Biopolymer-Based Biocompatible Conductors for Stretchable Bioelectronics. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2109-2146. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunya Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokota
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takao Someya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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31
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Interfacial jamming reinforced Pickering emulgel for arbitrary architected nanocomposite with connected nanomaterial matrix. Nat Commun 2021; 12:111. [PMID: 33397908 PMCID: PMC7782697 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) nanocomposite (NC) printing has emerged as a major approach to translate nanomaterial physical properties to 3D geometries. However, 3D printing of conventional NCs with polymer matrix lacks control over nanomaterial connection that facilitates maximizing nanomaterial advantages. Thus, a printable NC that features nanomaterials matrix necessitates development, nevertheless, faces a challenge in preparation because of the trade-off between viscosity and interfacial stability. Here, we develop viscoelastic Pickering emulgels as NC inks through jamming nanomaterials on interfaces and in continuous phase. Emulgel composed of multiphases allow a vast range of composition options and superior printability. The excellent attributes initiate NC with spatial control over geometrics and functions through 3D printing of graphene oxide/phase-change materials emulgel, for instance. This versatile approach provides the means for architecting NCs with nanomaterial continuous phase whose performance does not constrain the vast array of available nanomaterials and allows for arbitrary hybridization and patterns. Nanocomposite (NC) printing emerged as a major approach to translate nanomaterial properties to 3D geometries but printing of conventional NCs lacks control over nanomaterial connection. Here, the authors develop viscoelastic Pickering emulgels as NC inks through jamming nanomaterials on interfaces and in continuous phase
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Chen W, Zhang Q, Qian Y, Xin W, Hao D, Zhao X, Zhu C, Kong XY, Lu B, Jiang L, Wen L. Improved Ion Transport in Hydrogel-Based Nanofluidics for Osmotic Energy Conversion. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2097-2104. [PMID: 33274286 PMCID: PMC7706090 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In nature, ultrafast signal transfer based on ion transport, which is the foundation of biological processes, commonly works in a hydrogel-water mixed mechanism. Inspired by organisms' hydrogel-based system, we introduce hydrogel into nanofluidics to prepare a hydrogel hybrid membrane. The introduction of a space charged hydrogel improves the ion selectivity evidently. Also, a power generator based on the hydrogel hybrid membrane shows an excellent energy conversion property; a maximum power density up to 11.72 W/m2 is achieved at a 500-fold salinity gradient. Furthermore, the membrane shows excellent mechanical properties. These values are achievable, which indicates our membrane's huge potential applications in osmotic energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing, National Center
for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Yongchao Qian
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education,
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School
of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Weiwen Xin
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Dezhao Hao
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Xiaolu Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Benzhuo Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing, National Center
for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Liping Wen
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
- E-mail:
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