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Pu Z, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Zhao H, Cui D. A new horizon for neuroscience: terahertz biotechnology in brain research. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:309-325. [PMID: 38819036 PMCID: PMC11317941 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Terahertz biotechnology has been increasingly applied in various biomedical fields and has especially shown great potential for application in brain sciences. In this article, we review the development of terahertz biotechnology and its applications in the field of neuropsychiatry. Available evidence indicates promising prospects for the use of terahertz spectroscopy and terahertz imaging techniques in the diagnosis of amyloid disease, cerebrovascular disease, glioma, psychiatric disease, traumatic brain injury, and myelin deficit. In vitro and animal experiments have also demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of terahertz technology in some neuropsychiatric diseases. Although the precise underlying mechanism of the interactions between terahertz electromagnetic waves and the biosystem is not yet fully understood, the research progress in this field shows great potential for biomedical noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, the biosafety of terahertz radiation requires further exploration regarding its two-sided efficacy in practical applications. This review demonstrates that terahertz biotechnology has the potential to be a promising method in the field of neuropsychiatry based on its unique advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Pu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangci Hospital of Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongjie Zhu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghong Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Sun C, Fan Q, Xie R, Luo C, Hu B, Wang Q. Tetherless Optical Neuromodulation: Wavelength from Orange-red to Mid-infrared. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:1173-1188. [PMID: 38372931 PMCID: PMC11306867 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics, a technique that employs light for neuromodulation, has revolutionized the study of neural mechanisms and the treatment of neurological disorders due to its high spatiotemporal resolution and cell-type specificity. However, visible light, particularly blue and green light, commonly used in conventional optogenetics, has limited penetration in biological tissue. This limitation necessitates the implantation of optical fibers for light delivery, especially in deep brain regions, leading to tissue damage and experimental constraints. To overcome these challenges, the use of orange-red and infrared light with greater tissue penetration has emerged as a promising approach for tetherless optical neuromodulation. In this review, we provide an overview of the development and applications of tetherless optical neuromodulation methods with long wavelengths. We first discuss the exploration of orange-red wavelength-responsive rhodopsins and their performance in tetherless optical neuromodulation. Then, we summarize two novel tetherless neuromodulation methods using near-infrared light: upconversion nanoparticle-mediated optogenetics and photothermal neuromodulation. In addition, we discuss recent advances in mid-infrared optical neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an, Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, XIOPM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an, Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, XIOPM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Rougang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bingliang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an, Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, XIOPM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an, Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology, XIOPM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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3
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Li G, Li D, Lan B, Chen Y, Zhang W, Li B, Liu Y, Fan H, Lu H. Functional nanotransducer-mediated wireless neural modulation techniques. Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:14TR02. [PMID: 38959904 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad5ef0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials have emerged as versatile nanotransducers for wireless neural modulation because of their minimal invasion and high spatiotemporal resolution. The nanotransducers can convert external excitation sources (e.g. NIR light, x-rays, and magnetic fields) to visible light (or local heat) to activate optogenetic opsins and thermosensitive ion channels for neuromodulation. The present review provides insights into the fundamentals of the mostly used functional nanomaterials in wireless neuromodulation including upconversion nanoparticles, nanoscintillators, and magnetic nanoparticles. We further discussed the recent developments in design strategies of functional nanomaterials with enhanced energy conversion performance that have greatly expanded the field of neuromodulation. We summarized the applications of functional nanomaterials-mediated wireless neuromodulation techniques, including exciting/silencing neurons, modulating brain activity, controlling motor behaviors, and regulating peripheral organ function in mice. Finally, we discussed some key considerations in functional nanotransducer-mediated wireless neuromodulation along with the current challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galong Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojuan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Fan
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Detection and Intelligent Perception, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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4
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Xi Y, Schriver KE, Roe AW, Zhang X. Quantifying tissue temperature changes induced by infrared neural stimulation: numerical simulation and MR thermometry. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:4111-4131. [PMID: 39022552 PMCID: PMC11249695 DOI: 10.1364/boe.530854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Infrared neural stimulation (INS) delivered via short pulse trains is an innovative tool that has potential for us use for studying brain function and circuitry, brain machine interface, and clinical use. The prevailing mechanism for INS involves the conversion of light energy into thermal transients, leading to neuronal membrane depolarization. Due to the potential risks of thermal damage, it is crucial to ensure that the resulting local temperature increases are within non-damaging limits for brain tissues. Previous studies have estimated damage thresholds using histological methods and have modeled thermal effects based on peripheral nerves. However, additional quantitative measurements and modeling studies are needed for the central nervous system. Here, we performed 7 T MRI thermometry on ex vivo rat brains following the delivery of infrared pulse trains at five different intensities from 0.1-1.0 J/cm2 (each pulse train 1,875 nm, 25 us/pulse, 200 Hz, 0.5 s duration, delivered through 200 µm fiber). Additionally, we utilized the General BioHeat Transfer Model (GBHTM) to simulate local temperature changes in perfused brain tissues while delivering these laser energies to tissue (with optical parameters of human skin) via three different sizes of optical fibers at five energy intensities. The simulation results clearly demonstrate that a 0.5 second INS pulse train induces an increase followed by an immediate drop in temperature at stimulation offset. The delivery of multiple pulse trains with 2.5 s interstimulus interval (ISI) leads to rising temperatures that plateau. Both thermometry and modeling results show that, using parameters that are commonly used in biological applications (200 µm diameter fiber, 0.1-1.0 J/cm2), the final temperature increase at the end of the 60 sec stimuli duration does not exceed 1°C with stimulation values of 0.1-0.5 J/cm2 and does not exceed 2°C with stimulation values of up to 1.0 J/cm2. Thus, the maximum temperature rise is consistent with the thermal damage threshold reported in previous studies. This study provides a quantitative evaluation of the temperature changes induced by INS, suggesting that existing practices pose minimal major safety concerns for biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Xi
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kenneth E Schriver
- School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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5
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Sander MY, Zhu X. Infrared neuromodulation-a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2024; 87:066701. [PMID: 38701769 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ad4729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Infrared (IR) neuromodulation (INM) is an emerging light-based neuromodulation approach that can reversibly control neuronal and muscular activities through the transient and localized deposition of pulsed IR light without requiring any chemical or genetic pre-treatment of the target cells. Though the efficacy and short-term safety of INM have been widely demonstrated in both peripheral and central nervous systems, the investigations of the detailed cellular and biological processes and the underlying biophysical mechanisms are still ongoing. In this review, we discuss the current research progress in the INM field with a focus on the more recently discovered IR nerve inhibition. Major biophysical mechanisms associated with IR nerve stimulation are summarized. As the INM effects are primarily attributed to the spatiotemporal thermal transients induced by water and tissue absorption of pulsed IR light, temperature monitoring techniques and simulation models adopted in INM studies are discussed. Potential translational applications, current limitations, and challenges of the field are elucidated to provide guidance for future INM research and advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y Sander
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, 15 Saint Mary's Street, Brookline, MA 02446, United States of America
- Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Xuedong Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
- Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, 24 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
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6
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Li MQ, Chen C, Ma YQ, Ding HM. Effect of terahertz waves on the aggregation behavior of neurotransmitters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13751-13761. [PMID: 38683175 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00556b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of neurotransmitters is crucial for unraveling synaptic transmission mechanisms in neuroscience. In this study, we investigated the impact of terahertz (THz) waves on the aggregation of four common neurotransmitters through all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulations revealed enhanced nicotine (NCT) aggregation under 11.05 and 21.44 THz, with a minimal effect at 42.55 THz. Structural analysis further indicated strengthened intermolecular interactions and weakened hydration effects under specific THz stimulation. In addition, enhanced aggregation was observed at stronger field strengths, particularly at 21.44 THz. Furthermore, similar investigations on epinephrine (EPI), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) corroborated these findings. Notably, EPI showed increased aggregation at 19.05 THz, emphasizing the influence of vibrational modes on aggregation. However, 5-HT and GABA, with charged or hydrophilic functional groups, exhibited minimal aggregation under THz stimulation. The present study sheds some light on neurotransmitter responses to THz waves, offering implications for neuroscience and interdisciplinary applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qiu Li
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong-Ming Ding
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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7
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Zhang QL, Zhou T, Chang C, Gu SY, Wang YJ, Liu Q, Zhu Z. Ultrahigh-Flux Water Nanopumps Generated by Asymmetric Terahertz Absorption. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:184003. [PMID: 38759176 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.184003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Controlling active transport of water through membrane channels is essential for advanced nanofluidic devices. Despite advancements in water nanopump design using techniques like short-range invasion and subnanometer-level control, challenges remain facilely and remotely realizing massive waters active transport. Herein, using molecular dynamic simulations, we propose an ultrahigh-flux nanopump, powered by frequency-specific terahertz stimulation, capable of unidirectionally transporting massive water through asymmetric-wettability membrane channels at room temperature without any external pressure. The key physics behind this terahertz-powered water nanopump is revealed to be the energy flow resulting from the asymmetric optical absorption of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Zhang
- School of Mathematics-Physics and Finance and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- School of Mathematics-Physics and Finance and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shi-Yu Gu
- College of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yun-Jie Wang
- School of Mathematics-Physics and Finance and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Mathematics-Physics and Finance and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- College of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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8
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Niu X, Wu Z, Gao F, Hou S, Liu S, Zhao X, Wang L, Guo J, Zhang F. Resonating with Cellular Pathways: Transcriptome Insights into Nonthermal Bioeffects of Middle Infrared Light Stimulation and Vibrational Strong Coupling on Cell Proliferation and Migration. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0353. [PMID: 38694203 PMCID: PMC11062510 DOI: 10.34133/research.0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Middle infrared stimulation (MIRS) and vibrational strong coupling (VSC) have been separately applied to physically regulate biological systems but scarcely compared with each other, especially at identical vibrational frequencies, though they both involve resonant mechanism. Taking cell proliferation and migration as typical cell-level models, herein, we comparatively studied the nonthermal bioeffects of MIRS and VSC with selecting the identical frequency (53.5 THz) of the carbonyl vibration. We found that both MIRS and VSC can notably increase the proliferation rate and migration capacity of fibroblasts. Transcriptome sequencing results reflected the differential expression of genes related to the corresponding cellular pathways. This work not only sheds light on the synergistic nonthermal bioeffects from the molecular level to the cell level but also provides new evidence and insights for modifying bioreactions, further applying MIRS and VSC to the future medicine of frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingkun Niu
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Zhongyu Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250013, China
- School of Radiology,
Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Shaojie Hou
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
- The School of Biomedical Engineering,
Guangzhou Medical University, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shihao Liu
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Xinmin Zhao
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Wenzhou Institute,
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
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9
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Yuan Y, Zhang J, Li C, Li H, Han Y, Lou J. Ultrafast light-driven metasurfaces with an ultra-broadband frequency agile channel for sensing. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38639481 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06686j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Active terahertz metasurface devices have been widely used in communication technology, optical computing and biosensing. However, numerous dynamically tunable metasurfaces are only operating at a single frequency point or in a narrow range, limiting the further possibility of the devices to meet contemporary broad-spectrum biosensing requirements. In this paper, a novel compact biosensor is proposed with an ultrawide resonance frequency agile channel shifted from 0.82 to 1.85 THz, with a tuning functionality up to 55.7%. In addition, under optical pumping irradiation, the modulator with ultra-fast response is able to complete the ultra-wideband resonant mode conversion from the Fano mode to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) mode within 4 ps, and achieves a frequency shift sensitivity of 118 GHz RIU-1 and 247 GHz RIU-1 at 0.82 and 1.85 THz, respectively. This mechanism implements both refractive index and conductivity sensing functions, which provide a wealth of sensing information. Thus, this work presents the possibility of realising the detection of ultra-wide fingerprint spectra and can be extended to a wider range of optical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Yuan
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 700071, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710051, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Hong Li
- GBA Research Institute of AIRCAS, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yiping Han
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 700071, China
| | - Jing Lou
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
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10
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Fu P, Liu Y, Zhu L, Wang M, Yu Y, Yang F, Zhang W, Zhang H, Shoham S, Roe AW, Xi W. Two-photon imaging of excitatory and inhibitory neural response to infrared neural stimulation. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:025003. [PMID: 38800606 PMCID: PMC11125280 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.2.025003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Significance Pulsed infrared neural stimulation (INS, 1875 nm) is an emerging neurostimulation technology that delivers focal pulsed heat to activate functionally specific mesoscale networks and holds promise for clinical application. However, little is known about its effect on excitatory and inhibitory cell types in cerebral cortex. Aim Estimates of summed population neuronal response time courses provide a potential basis for neural and hemodynamic signals described in other studies. Approach Using two-photon calcium imaging in mouse somatosensory cortex, we have examined the effect of INS pulse train application on hSyn neurons and mDlx neurons tagged with GCaMP6s. Results We find that, in anesthetized mice, each INS pulse train reliably induces robust response in hSyn neurons exhibiting positive going responses. Surprisingly, mDlx neurons exhibit negative going responses. Quantification using the index of correlation illustrates responses are reproducible, intensity-dependent, and focal. Also, a contralateral activation is observed when INS applied. Conclusions In sum, the population of neurons stimulated by INS includes both hSyn and mDlx neurons; within a range of stimulation intensities, this leads to overall excitation in the stimulated population, leading to the previously observed activations at distant post-synaptic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Fu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- KU Leuven Medical School, Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liang Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fen Yang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Zhejiang University, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hequn Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shy Shoham
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Ophthalmology and Tech4Health and Neuroscience Institutes, New York, New York, United States
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang Xi
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain Machine Integration, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Zhao X, Ding W, Wang H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu C. Structural Insights and Influence of Terahertz Waves in Midinfrared Region on Kv1.2 Channel Selectivity Filter. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9702-9713. [PMID: 38434859 PMCID: PMC10905694 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Potassium ion channels are the structural basis for excitation transmission, heartbeat, and other biological processes. The selectivity filter is a critical structural component of potassium ion channels, whose structure is crucial to realizing their function. As biomolecules vibrate and rotate at frequencies in the terahertz band, potassium ion channels are sensitive to terahertz waves. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate how the terahertz wave influences the selectivity filter of the potassium channels. In this study, we investigate the structure of the selectivity filter of Kv1.2 potassium ion channels using molecular dynamics simulations. The effect of an electric field on the channel has been examined at four different resonant frequencies of the carbonyl group in SF: 36.75 37.06, 37.68, and 38.2 THz. As indicated by the results, 376GLY appears to be the critical residue in the selectivity filter of the Kv1.2 channel. Its dihedral angle torsion is detrimental to the channel structural stability and the transmembrane movement of potassium ions. 36.75 THz is the resonance frequency of the carbonyl group of 376GLY. Among all four frequencies explored, the applied terahertz electric field of this frequency has the most significant impact on the channel structure, negatively impacting the channel stability and reducing the ion permeability by 20.2% compared to the absence of fields. In this study, we simulate that terahertz waves in the mid-infrared frequency region can significantly alter the structure and function of potassium ion channels and that the effects of terahertz waves differ greatly based on frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhao
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yize Wang
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Key Laboratory
for Physical
Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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12
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Coventry BS, Lawlor GL, Bagnati CB, Krogmeier C, Bartlett EL. Characterization and closed-loop control of infrared thalamocortical stimulation produces spatially constrained single-unit responses. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae082. [PMID: 38725532 PMCID: PMC11079674 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a powerful tool for the treatment of circuitopathy-related neurological and psychiatric diseases and disorders such as Parkinson's disease and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as a critical research tool for perturbing neural circuits and exploring neuroprostheses. Electrically mediated DBS, however, is limited by the spread of stimulus currents into tissue unrelated to disease course and treatment, potentially causing undesirable patient side effects. In this work, we utilize infrared neural stimulation (INS), an optical neuromodulation technique that uses near to midinfrared light to drive graded excitatory and inhibitory responses in nerves and neurons, to facilitate an optical and spatially constrained DBS paradigm. INS has been shown to provide spatially constrained responses in cortical neurons and, unlike other optical techniques, does not require genetic modification of the neural target. We show that INS produces graded, biophysically relevant single-unit responses with robust information transfer in rat thalamocortical circuits. Importantly, we show that cortical spread of activation from thalamic INS produces more spatially constrained response profiles than conventional electrical stimulation. Owing to observed spatial precision of INS, we used deep reinforcement learning (RL) for closed-loop control of thalamocortical circuits, creating real-time representations of stimulus-response dynamics while driving cortical neurons to precise firing patterns. Our data suggest that INS can serve as a targeted and dynamic stimulation paradigm for both open and closed-loop DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S Coventry
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Georgia L Lawlor
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Christina B Bagnati
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Claudia Krogmeier
- Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Edward L Bartlett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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13
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Wu K, He Y, Chen K, Cui M, Yang Z, Yuan Y, Tian Y, Peng W. Enhancement of K + channel permeation by selective terahertz excitation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123538. [PMID: 37866260 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The optical excitation effects offer an opportunity to gain insights into the structure and the function of K+ channel, contributing to the prediction of possible targets for drug design and precision therapy. Although there has been increasing research attention on the modulation of ion permeation in K+ channel by terahertz electromagnetic (THz-EM) stimuli, little exploration has been conducted regarding the dependence of ion permeation on frequencies. By using two-dimensional (2D) infrared excitation spectrum calculation for the K+ channel, we have discovered that the frequency of 53.60 THz serves as an optimal excitation modulation mode. This mode leads to an almost twofold enhancement in the rate of K+ ion permeation and a tenfold increase in selectivity efficiency. These improvements can be attributed to the coupling mode matching of the excited properties of CO groups in the K+ channel. Our findings propose a promising application of terahertz technology to improve the performance of ion channels, nanomembrane sieves, nanodevices, as well as neural therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Wu
- Cross Research Center of Frontier Technology, National Institute of Science and Technology Innovation for National Defense, Beijing 100071, China; Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yong He
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Mengda Cui
- Cross Research Center of Frontier Technology, National Institute of Science and Technology Innovation for National Defense, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhikai Yang
- Cross Research Center of Frontier Technology, National Institute of Science and Technology Innovation for National Defense, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yifang Yuan
- Cross Research Center of Frontier Technology, National Institute of Science and Technology Innovation for National Defense, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yuchen Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wenyu Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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14
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Song L, Wang H, Peng R. Advances in the Regulation of Neural Function by Infrared Light. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:928. [PMID: 38256001 PMCID: PMC10815576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of optical technology, infrared light has been increasingly used in biomedical fields. Research has shown that infrared light could play roles in light stimulation and biological regulation. Infrared light has been used to regulate neural function due to its high spatial resolution, safety and neural sensitivity and has been considered a useful method to replace traditional neural regulation approaches. Infrared neuromodulation methods have been used for neural activation, central nervous system disorder treatment and cognitive enhancement. Research on the regulation of neural function by infrared light stimulation began only recently, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This article reviews the characteristics of infrared light, the advantages and disadvantages of infrared neuromodulation, its effects on improving individual health, and its mechanism. This article aims to provide a reference for future research on the use of infrared neural regulation to treat neuropsychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruiyun Peng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
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15
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Wang Y, Wang H, Ding W, Zhao X, Li Y, Liu C. Effect of THz Waves of Different Orientations on K + Permeation Efficiency in the KcsA Channel. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:429. [PMID: 38203598 PMCID: PMC10779155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K) channels show the highest variability and most frequent alterations in expression in many tumor types, and modulation of K+ channels may represent a new window for cancer therapy. In previous work, we found that a terahertz (THz) field incident along the z-axis with a frequency of 51.87 THz increased the ion flux through K+ channels. In practice, it is difficult to ensure that the incident electromagnetic (EM) wave is strictly parallel to the direction of channel ion flow. In this paper, we found by changing the direction of the applied electric field that the EM wave of a specific frequency has the largest ion flux when the incident direction is along the ion flow, and the smallest ion flux when the incident direction is perpendicular to the ion flow, and that overall the EM wave of this frequency enhances the ion flow of the K+ channel. Changes in the direction of the applied field at a specific frequency affect the stability of the φ dihedral angle of the GLY77 residue and alter the ion permeation mechanism in the selectivity filter (SF) region, thus affecting the ion flux. Therefore, this frequency can be used to modulate K+ fluxes by THz waves to cause rapid apoptosis in potassium-overloaded tumor cells. This approach consequently represents an important tool for the treatment of cancer and is expected to be applied in practical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Y.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.L.)
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Y.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.L.)
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Y.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.L.)
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Y.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.L.)
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Y.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.L.)
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (Y.W.); (W.D.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (C.L.)
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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16
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Yu Y, Wu K, Yang X, Long J, Chang C. Terahertz Photons Improve Cognitive Functions in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0278. [PMID: 38111677 PMCID: PMC10726292 DOI: 10.34133/research.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious psychosis leading to cognitive impairment. To restore cognitive functions for patients, the main treatments are based on medication or rehabilitation training but with limited effectiveness and strong side effects. Here, we demonstrate a new treatment approach for PTSD by using terahertz (THz) photons stimulating the hippocampal CA3 subregion. We verified that this method can nonthermally restore cognitive function in PTSD rats in vivo. After THz photon irradiation, the PTSD rats' recognitive index improved by about 10% in a novel object recognition test, the PTSD rats' accuracy improved by about 100% in a shuttler box test, the PTSD rats' numbers to identify target box was about 5 times lower in a Barnes maze test, and the rate of staying in new arm increased by approximately 40% in a Y-maze test. Further experimental studies found that THz photon (34.5 THz) irradiation could improve the expression of NR2B (increased by nearly 40%) and phosphorylated NR2B (increased by about 50%). In addition, molecular dynamics simulations showed that THz photons at a frequency of 34.5 THz are mainly absorbed by the pocket of glutamate receptors rather than by glutamate molecules. Moreover, the binding between glutamate receptors and glutamate molecules was increased by THz photons. This study offers a nondrug, nonthermal approach to regulate the binding between the excitatory neurotransmitter (glutamate) and NR2B. By increasing synaptic plasticity, it effectively improves the cognitive function of animals with PTSD, providing a promising treatment strategy for NR2B-related cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics,
National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics,
National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics,
National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jiangang Long
- School of Life Science and Technology,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics,
National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics,
Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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17
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Chen C, Yan ZS, Ma YQ, Ding HM. Effect of Terahertz Waves on the Structure of the Aβ42 Monomer, Dimer, and Protofibril: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4128-4138. [PMID: 37983764 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) and its assemblies play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies conducted by experimental and computational researchers have extensively explored the structure, assembly, and influence of biomolecules and cell membranes on Aβ. However, the impact of terahertz waves on the structures of Aβ monomers and aggregates remains largely unexplored. In this study, we systematically investigate the molecular mechanisms by which terahertz waves affect the structure of the Aβ42 monomer, dimer, and tetramer through all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Our findings indicate that terahertz waves at a specific frequency (42.55 THz) can enhance intramolecular and intermolecular interactions in the Aβ42 monomer and dimer, respectively, by resonating with the symmetric stretching mode of the -COO- groups and the symmetric bending/stretching mode of -CH3 groups. Consequently, the β-structure content of the Aβ42 monomer is greatly increased, and the binding energy between the monomers in the Aβ42 dimer is significantly enhanced. Additionally, our observations suggest that terahertz waves can mildly stabilize the structure of tetrameric protofibrils by enhancing the interactions among peripheral peptides. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of the frequency of terahertz waves on the structure of Aβ42. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of external fields on the biobehavior of Aβ42 peptides and may shed some light on the potential risks associated with electromagnetic field radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zeng-Shuai Yan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong-Ming Ding
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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18
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Liu M, Liu J, Liang W, Lu B, Fan P, Song Y, Wang M, Wu Y, Cai X. Recent advances and research progress on microsystems and bioeffects of terahertz neuromodulation. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:143. [PMID: 38025884 PMCID: PMC10643571 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00612-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz waves can interact with the nervous system of organisms under certain conditions. Compared to common optical modulation methods, terahertz waves have the advantages of low photon energy and low risk; therefore, the use of terahertz waves to regulate the nervous system is a promising new method of neuromodulation. However, most of the research has focused on the use of terahertz technology for biodetection, while relatively little research has been carried out on the biological effects of terahertz radiation on the nervous system, and there are almost no review papers on this topic. In the present article, we begin by reviewing principles and objects of research regarding the biological effects of terahertz radiation and summarizing the current state of related research from a variety of aspects, including the bioeffects of terahertz radiation on neurons in vivo and in vitro, novel regulation and detection methods with terahertz radiation devices and neural microelectrode arrays, and theoretical simulations of neural information encoding and decoding. In addition, we discuss the main problems and their possible causes and give some recommendations on possible future breakthroughs. This paper will provide insight and assistance to researchers in the fields of neuroscience, terahertz technology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Juntao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Botao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Penghui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yilin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Mixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yirong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xinxia Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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19
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Zhang Z, Wang W, Huang X, Liu G. Distributed loss-amplification modeling for the mid-infrared signal propagating in the myelinated and demyelinated nerve. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:8606-8613. [PMID: 38037977 DOI: 10.1364/ao.503485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The terahertz (THz) to infrared (IR) neural signal model is a potential mechanism for explaining neural communication. Myelinated neurons could be a lossy dielectric waveguide that can propagate these THz-IR neural signals. We propose an electromagnetic loss-amplification model to describe the propagation characteristics of mid-IR signals on myelinated neurons. During transmission with loss and amplification, neural signal intensity can be consistently maintained at 15.9 pW in bands 55 to 75 THz. This phenomenon becomes more pronounced as the number of myelin sheaths increases. However, escalated degrees of demyelination result in a reduction of signal intensity from 15.9 to 10 pW. This phenomenon eventually disrupts the process of loss amplification, consequently impeding the transmission of the signal. These results may contribute to a deeper understanding of mid-IR signal propagation mechanisms in myelinated nerves and studies of diseases associated with demyelination.
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20
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Bo W, Che R, Liu Q, Zhang X, Hou Y, Gong Y. Investigations on Na+, K+-ATPase energy consumption in ion flow of hydrophilic pores by THz unipolar stimulation. iScience 2023; 26:107849. [PMID: 37766988 PMCID: PMC10520936 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Terahertz science and technology has recently shown new application prospects in artificial intelligence. It is found that terahertz unipolar stimulation can activate cell membrane hydrophilic pores. However, the behaviors of Na+, K+-ATPase and energy consumption during this period remain unknown. This paper investigates these behaviors by Na+, K+-ATPase and electroporation models, based on the interaction theory between terahertz fields and ions at the cellular level. The effective diameters of life ions are considered in the aqueous solution. From results, Na+, K+-ATPases can be activated and stay for a while before close after the stimulation. Their life ion flows are far lower than the flows via the pores. And their power dissipation is as low as 10-11 W in both rat neostriatal neurons and guinea pig ventricular myocytes. The results keep tenable in 0.1-1.2 THz. These lay the basis for investigations of information communication mechanisms in cells under terahertz stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Bo
- College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Rong Che
- College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yintao Hou
- College of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yubin Gong
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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21
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Coventry BS, Lawlor GL, Bagnati CB, Krogmeier C, Bartlett EL. Spatially specific, closed-loop infrared thalamocortical deep brain stimulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.04.560859. [PMID: 37904955 PMCID: PMC10614743 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.04.560859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a powerful tool for the treatment of circuitopathy-related neurological and psychiatric diseases and disorders such as Parkinson's disease and obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as a critical research tool for perturbing neural circuits and exploring neuroprostheses. Electrically-mediated DBS, however, is limited by the spread of stimulus currents into tissue unrelated to disease course and treatment, potentially causing undesirable patient side effects. In this work, we utilize infrared neural stimulation (INS), an optical neuromodulation technique that uses near to mid-infrared light to drive graded excitatory and inhibitory responses in nerves and neurons, to facilitate an optical and spatially constrained DBS paradigm. INS has been shown to provide spatially constrained responses in cortical neurons and, unlike other optical techniques, does not require genetic modification of the neural target. We show that INS produces graded, biophysically relevant single-unit responses with robust information transfer in thalamocortical circuits. Importantly, we show that cortical spread of activation from thalamic INS produces more spatially constrained response profiles than conventional electrical stimulation. Owing to observed spatial precision of INS, we used deep reinforcement learning for closed-loop control of thalamocortical circuits, creating real-time representations of stimulus-response dynamics while driving cortical neurons to precise firing patterns. Our data suggest that INS can serve as a targeted and dynamic stimulation paradigm for both open and closed-loop DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S Coventry
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
- Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Georgia L Lawlor
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
- Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Christina B Bagnati
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Claudia Krogmeier
- Department of Computer Graphics Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Edward L Bartlett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
- Center for Implantable Devices and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
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22
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Song X, Li H, Liu X, Pang M, Wang Y. Calcium Imaging Characterize the Neurobiological Effect of Terahertz Radiation in Zebrafish Larvae. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7689. [PMID: 37765745 PMCID: PMC10537331 DOI: 10.3390/s23187689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
(1) Objective: To explore the neurobiological effects of terahertz (THz) radiation on zebrafish larvae using calcium (Ca2+) imaging technology. (2) Methods: Zebrafish larvae at 7 days post fertilization (dpf) were exposed to THz radiation for 10 or 20 min; the frequency was 2.52 THz and the amplitude 50 mW/cm2. The behavioral experiments, neural Ca2+ imaging, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of the dopamine-related genes were conducted following the irradiation. (3) Results: Compared with the control group, the behavioral experiments demonstrated that THz radiation significantly increased the distance travelled and speed of zebrafish larvae. In addition, the maximum acceleration and motion frequency were elevated in the 20 min radiation group. The neural Ca2+ imaging results indicated a substantial increase in zebrafish neuronal activity. qPCR experiments revealed a significant upregulation of dopamine-related genes, such as drd2b, drd4a, slc6a3 and th. (4) Conclusion: THz radiation (2.52 THz, 50 mW/cm2, 20 min) upregulated dopamine-related genes and significantly enhanced neuronal excitability, and the neurobiological effect of THz radiation can be visualized using neural Ca2+ imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Song
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Haibin Li
- School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Xiuyun Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.S.); (X.L.)
- School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Meijun Pang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Yuye Wang
- School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
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23
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Almasri RM, Ladouceur F, Mawad D, Esrafilzadeh D, Firth J, Lehmann T, Poole-Warren LA, Lovell NH, Al Abed A. Emerging trends in the development of flexible optrode arrays for electrophysiology. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:031503. [PMID: 37692375 PMCID: PMC10491464 DOI: 10.1063/5.0153753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical-electrode (optrode) arrays use light to modulate excitable biological tissues and/or transduce bioelectrical signals into the optical domain. Light offers several advantages over electrical wiring, including the ability to encode multiple data channels within a single beam. This approach is at the forefront of innovation aimed at increasing spatial resolution and channel count in multichannel electrophysiology systems. This review presents an overview of devices and material systems that utilize light for electrophysiology recording and stimulation. The work focuses on the current and emerging methods and their applications, and provides a detailed discussion of the design and fabrication of flexible arrayed devices. Optrode arrays feature components non-existent in conventional multi-electrode arrays, such as waveguides, optical circuitry, light-emitting diodes, and optoelectronic and light-sensitive functional materials, packaged in planar, penetrating, or endoscopic forms. Often these are combined with dielectric and conductive structures and, less frequently, with multi-functional sensors. While creating flexible optrode arrays is feasible and necessary to minimize tissue-device mechanical mismatch, key factors must be considered for regulatory approval and clinical use. These include the biocompatibility of optical and photonic components. Additionally, material selection should match the operating wavelength of the specific electrophysiology application, minimizing light scattering and optical losses under physiologically induced stresses and strains. Flexible and soft variants of traditionally rigid photonic circuitry for passive optical multiplexing should be developed to advance the field. We evaluate fabrication techniques against these requirements. We foresee a future whereby established telecommunications techniques are engineered into flexible optrode arrays to enable unprecedented large-scale high-resolution electrophysiology systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M. Almasri
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Damia Mawad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Josiah Firth
- Australian National Fabrication Facility, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Torsten Lehmann
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | | | - Amr Al Abed
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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24
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Zhao X, Ding W, Wang H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu C. Permeability enhancement of Kv1.2 potassium channel by a terahertz electromagnetic field. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:045101. [PMID: 37486058 DOI: 10.1063/5.0143648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As biomolecules vibrate and rotate in the terahertz band, the biological effects of terahertz electromagnetic fields have drawn considerable attention from the physiological and medical communities. Ion channels are the basis of biological electrical signals, so studying the effect of terahertz electromagnetic fields on ion channels is significant. In this paper, the effect of a terahertz electromagnetic field with three different frequencies, 6, 15, and 25 THz, on the Kv1.2 potassium ion channel was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that an electromagnetic field with a 15 THz frequency can significantly enhance the permeability of the Kv1.2 potassium ion channel, which is 1.7 times higher than without an applied electric field. By analyzing the behavior of water molecules, it is found that the electromagnetic field with the 15 THz frequency shortens the duration of frozen and relaxation processes when potassium ions pass through the channel, increases the proportion of the direct knock-on mode, and, thus, enhances the permeability of the Kv1.2 potassium ion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yize Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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25
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Peng D, Qi W, Zhang F, Song B. Mid-infrared Photons Released by NAD + Reduction in the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle of Myelinated Neuron. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1146-1150. [PMID: 36918516 PMCID: PMC10313631 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daoling Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenpeng Qi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instruments for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical Systems, School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instruments for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical Systems, School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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26
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Ding W, Zhao X, Wang H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Gong L, Lin S, Liu C, Li Y. Effect of Terahertz Electromagnetic Field on the Permeability of Potassium Channel Kv1.2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10271. [PMID: 37373419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the influence of external terahertz electromagnetic fields with different frequencies of 4 THz, 10 THz, 15 THz, and 20 THz on the permeability of the Kv1.2 voltage-gated potassium ion channel on the nerve cell membrane was studied using the combined model of the "Constant Electric Field-Ion Imbalance" method by molecular dynamics. We found that although the applied terahertz electric field does not produce strong resonance with the -C=O groups of the conservative sequence T-V-G-Y-G amino acid residue of the selective filter (SF) of the channel, it would affect the stability of the electrostatic bond between potassium ions and the carbonyl group of T-V-G-Y-G of SF, and it would affect the stability of the hydrogen bond between water molecules and oxygen atoms of the hydroxyl group of the 374THR side chain at the SF entrance, changing the potential and occupied states of ions in the SF and the occurrence probability of the permeation mode of ions and resulting in the change in the permeability of the channel. Compared with no external electric field, when the external electric field with 15 THz frequency is applied, the lifetime of the hydrogen bond is reduced by 29%, the probability of the "soft knock on" mode is decreased by 46.9%, and the ion flux of the channel is activated by 67.7%. Our research results support the view that compared to "direct knock-on", "soft knock-on" is a slower permeation mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yize Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lirong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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27
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Ping A, Pan L, Zhang J, Xu K, Schriver KE, Zhu J, Roe AW. Targeted Optical Neural Stimulation: A New Era for Personalized Medicine. Neuroscientist 2023; 29:202-220. [PMID: 34865559 DOI: 10.1177/10738584211057047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeted optical neural stimulation comprises infrared neural stimulation and optogenetics, which affect the nervous system through induced thermal transients and activation of light-sensitive proteins, respectively. The main advantage of this pair of optical tools is high functional selectivity, which conventional electrical stimulation lacks. Over the past 15 years, the mechanism, safety, and feasibility of optical stimulation techniques have undergone continuous investigation and development. When combined with other methods like optical imaging and high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging, the translation of optical stimulation to clinical practice adds high value. We review the theoretical foundations and current state of optical stimulation, with a particular focus on infrared neural stimulation as a potential bridge linking optical stimulation to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ping
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Pan
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies (QAAS), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kedi Xu
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies (QAAS), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kenneth E Schriver
- Zhejiang University Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna Wang Roe
- Zhejiang University Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology (ZIINT), School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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28
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Xiao T, Wu K, Wang P, Ding Y, Yang X, Chang C, Yang Y. Sensory input-dependent gain modulation of the optokinetic nystagmus by mid-infrared stimulation in pigeons. eLife 2023; 12:78729. [PMID: 36853228 PMCID: PMC9977280 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulation serves as a cornerstone for brain sciences and clinical applications. Recent reports suggest that mid-infrared stimulation (MIRS) causes non-thermal modulation of brain functions. Current understanding of its mechanism hampers the routine application of MIRS. Here, we examine how MIRS influences the sensorimotor transformation in awaking-behaving pigeons, from neuronal signals to behavior. We applied MIRS and electrical stimulation (ES) to the pretectal nucleus lentiformis mesencephali (nLM), an essential retinorecipient structure in the pretectum, and examined their influences on the optokinetic nystagmus, a visually guided eye movement. We found MIRS altered eye movements by modulating a specific gain depending on the strength of visual inputs, in a manner different than the effect of ES. Simultaneous extracellular recordings and stimulation showed that MIRS could either excite and inhibit the neuronal activity in the same pretectal neuron depending on its ongoing sensory responsiveness levels in awake-behaving animals. Computational simulations suggest that MIRS modulates the resonance of a carbonyl group of the potassium channel, critical to the action potential generation, altering neuronal responses to sensory inputs and as a consequence, guiding behavior. Our findings suggest that MIRS could be a promising approach toward modulating neuronal functions for brain research and treating neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Peiliang Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of sciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yali Ding
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Yang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijingChina
- School of Physics, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiChina
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29
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Zhou L, Wang K, Xu Y, Dong BB, Wu DC, Wang ZX, Wang XT, Cai XY, Yang JT, Zheng R, Chen W, Shen Y, Wei JS. A patient-derived mutation of epilepsy-linked LGI1 increases seizure susceptibility through regulating K v1.1. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:34. [PMID: 36804022 PMCID: PMC9940402 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-00983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADLTE) is an inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) gene. It is known that functional LGI1 is secreted by excitatory neurons, GABAergic interneurons, and astrocytes, and regulates AMPA-type glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic transmission by binding ADAM22 and ADAM23. However, > 40 LGI1 mutations have been reported in familial ADLTE patients, more than half of which are secretion-defective. How these secretion-defective LGI1 mutations lead to epilepsy is unknown. RESULTS We identified a novel secretion-defective LGI1 mutation from a Chinese ADLTE family, LGI1-W183R. We specifically expressed mutant LGI1W183R in excitatory neurons lacking natural LGI1, and found that this mutation downregulated Kv1.1 activity, led to neuronal hyperexcitability and irregular spiking, and increased epilepsy susceptibility in mice. Further analysis revealed that restoring Kv1.1 in excitatory neurons rescued the defect of spiking capacity, improved epilepsy susceptibility, and prolonged the life-span of mice. CONCLUSIONS These results describe a role of secretion-defective LGI1 in maintaining neuronal excitability and reveal a new mechanism in the pathology of LGI1 mutation-related epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Kang Wang
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Yuxiang Xu
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XSchool of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Bin-Bin Dong
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Deng-Chang Wu
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Xin-Tai Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Xin-Yu Cai
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Jin-Tao Yang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Rui Zheng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020 China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020, China.
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Physiology and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310020, China.
| | - Jian-She Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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30
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Li N, Zhang F. THz-PCR Based on Resonant Coupling between Middle Infrared and DNA Carbonyl Vibrations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8224-8231. [PMID: 36724344 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The carbonyl groups of deoxyribonucleotide can resonantly couple with 53 THz middle infrared, which can highly transmit water without ionization-based damage to DNA molecules. Herein, we predict that vibrational coupling with THz irradiation could lower down the hybridization landscape of nucleic acids and thus affect DNA replication. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a measure, we found that THz shining can reduce the denature temperature of DNA duplexes by about 3 °C, which allows one to conduct PCR at lower temperature, facilitating long-time amplification reaction without losing enzymatic fidelity, i.e., normal PCR should be carried out at denaturing temperature ∼4 °C higher than the melting temperature (Tm), but THz-PCR only requires temperature ∼1 °C higher than Tm due to the nonthermal effect of THz shining. Moreover, the melting time can also be shortened to 1/5 due to the enhanced vibration coupling with 53 THz irradiation. We proposed THz-PCR as an innovated DNA amplification technique with ultrahigh specificity and sensitivity and also successfully demonstrated its advantages in forensic detections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
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31
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Yang Y, Peng D, Gu Z, Jiang L, Song B. AuNP-Modulated qPCR: An Optimized System for Detecting MIR Biophotons Released in DNA Replication. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203513. [PMID: 36539933 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Living systems can utilize energy with a high efficiency. Biophotons are proposed to modulate biological functions with such efficiency; however, the underlying mechanism remains unexplored, especially due to the challenge of ultraweak mid-infrared (MIR) light detection and the theoretical perturbation from spontaneous MIR emission. Here, we proposed an optimized system to detect MIR biophotons generated in the hydrolysis of deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs, energy-storing molecules similar to ATP). The system used a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) that was modulated by gold nanoparticle (AuNP) concentration and thus by the inter-AuNP distance, which depends on the concentration above. The measurements indicate that 33- and 84-THz photons are released by dNTP hydrolysis, which can drive DNA replication. Our findings provide a novel chain-reaction-based method for detecting MIR photons in solution, and pave a way for photon-based insights to understand the highly efficient energy utilization of biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Daoling Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, P. R. China
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32
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Terahertz Waves Enhance the Permeability of Sodium Channels. Symmetry (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/sym15020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
With the help of molecular dynamics simulations and an artificial sodium channel model, we corroborated that the application of terahertz stimulation at a characteristic frequency can largely increase the permeability of the sodium channel by a factor of 33.6. The mechanism is that the carboxylate groups in the filter region transfer the absorbed terahertz photon energy to the sodium ions, which increase the ions’ kinetic energy; this results in breaking the hydrated hydrogen bonding network between the hydrosphere layer of the ions and the carboxylate groups, thereby increasing their diffusion and reducing the energy barrier for them to cross the channel. This study on terahertz-driven particle transmembrane transport offers new ideas for targeted therapy of channel diseases and for developing novel integrated engineering systems in energy conversion and storage.
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33
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Tan X, Gao M, Chang C. A new means of energy supply driven by terahertz photons recovers related neural activity. iScience 2023; 26:105979. [PMID: 36756372 PMCID: PMC9900506 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous and efficient energy capture represents a long-sought dream of mankind. The brain is a major energy-consuming organ; an adult brain accounts for about 2% of the body weight but consumes about 20% of the body's energy. However, it is still unclear how the brain achieves efficient use of energy. Here, using nerve cells as test subjects, we found that THz photons with a specific frequency can effectively restore the reduced frequency of action potentials caused by inadequate ATP supply, which has been demonstrated as a novel mode of energy supply, present photons emission at a particular frequency from the breaking of the ATP phosphate bond. This energy supply mechanism may play a key biophysical basis for explaining how the body efficiently obtains energy, because the quantized chemical reactions could have a high energy efficiency and ultrahigh selectivity compared with the traditional thermochemistry and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Tan
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China,Astronaut Center of China, Beijing 100084, China,Corresponding author
| | - Mingxin Gao
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China,School of physics, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China,Corresponding author
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34
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Rodrigues AF, Tavares APM, Simões S, Silva RPFF, Sobrino T, Figueiredo BR, Sales G, Ferreira L. Engineering graphene-based electrodes for optical neural stimulation. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:687-706. [PMID: 36515425 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GBMs) have been investigated in recent years with the aim of developing flexible interfaces to address a range of neurological disorders, where electrical stimulation may improve brain function and tissue regeneration. The recent discovery that GBM electrodes can generate an electrical response upon light exposure has inspired the development of non-genetic approaches capable of selectively modulating brain cells without genetic manipulation (i.e., optogenetics). Here, we propose the conjugation of graphene with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), which enable wireless transcranial activation using tissue-penetrating near-infrared (NIR) radiation. Following a design of experiments approach, we first investigated the influence of different host matrices and dopants commonly used to synthesize UCNPs in the electrical response of graphene. Two UCNP formulations achieving optimal enhancement of electrical conductivity upon NIR activation at λ = 780 or 980 nm were identified. These formulations were then covalently attached to graphene nanoplatelets following selective hydroxyl derivatization. The resulting nanocomposites were evaluated in vitro using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. NIR activation at λ = 980 nm promoted cell proliferation and downregulated neuronal and glial differentiation markers, suggesting the potential application of GBMs in minimally invasive stimulation of cells for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Filipe Rodrigues
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana P M Tavares
- BioMark@UC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana Simões
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rui P F F Silva
- Graphenest S.A., Edifício Vouga Park, 3740-070 Paradela do Vouga, Portugal
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Laboratory, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Bruno R Figueiredo
- Graphenest S.A., Edifício Vouga Park, 3740-070 Paradela do Vouga, Portugal
| | - Goreti Sales
- BioMark@UC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino Ferreira
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Central, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
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35
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Wang Y, Wang H, Ding W, Zhao X, Li Y, Liu C. Regulation of Ion Permeation of the KcsA Channel by Applied Midinfrared Field. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010556. [PMID: 36613998 PMCID: PMC9820211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion transport molecules are involved in many physiological and pathological processes and are considered potential targets for cancer treatment. In the large family of ion transport molecules, potassium (K) ion channels, as surface-expressed proteins, show the highest variability and most frequent expression changes in many tumor types. The key to exploring the permeation of K+ through potassium channels lies in the conserved sequence TVGYG, which is common in the selectivity filter (SF) region of all potassium channels. We found that the K+ flux significantly increased with the help of a specific frequency terahertz electromagnetic wave (51.87 THz) in the KcsA channel using a molecular dynamics combined model through the combined simulation of the constant electric field method and ion imbalance method. This frequency has the strongest absorption peak in the infrared spectrum of -C=O groups in the SF region. With the applied electric field of 51.87 THz, the Y78 residue at the S1 site of the SF has a smaller vibration amplitude and a more stable structure, which enables the K+ to bind closely with the carbonyl oxygen atoms in the SF and realize ion conduction in a more efficient direct Coulomb knock-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hongguang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18191765263
| | - Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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36
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Guo L, Xu D, Wang K, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Ning H, Lu C, Wang S, Gong Y. Electromagnetic characteristics of in vivo nerve fibers at the terahertz-far-infrared band. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1055232. [PMID: 36440450 PMCID: PMC9685790 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1055232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
How terahertz signals perform in the neural system has attracted widespread interest in the life sciences community. Relevant experimental reveals that in animal nerve cells, the myelin sheath of the nerve axon has a higher refractive index than the intracellular and extracellular fluids in the Terahertz-far-infrared (THz-FIR) frequency band. This makes THz-FIR wave transmission possible in nerve fibers. Based on this premise, this article carries out the following work from the theoretical level to investigate the electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of in vivo nerve fibers at the THz-FIR band. First, the EM transmission model of the nerve fibers is established and studied theoretically. The dispersion curves of THz-FIR wave modals transmission in nerve fibers are calculated, which predict that nerve fibers can act as dielectric waveguides for transmitting THz-FIR waves and the THz-FIR waves can transmit at speeds up to 108 m/s. Second, a mode matching algorithm is proposed, which is named RNMMA, to calculate the transmission characteristics of THz-FIR waves at the nodes of Ranvier. The scattering matrix obtained from the proposed algorithm is in good agreement with the results from EM simulation software, which reveals how THz-FIR signals are transmitted forward through the nodes of Ranvier with low loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghao Guo
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Duo Xu
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaicheng Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuankun Sun
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Ning
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Electronic Communication and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Key Lab on Vacuum Electronics, Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubin Gong
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Key Lab on Vacuum Electronics, Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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37
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Yang RY, Jiang WZ, Huo PY. Anisotropic energy absorption from mid-infrared laser pulses in constrained water systems. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Wei B, Zhou H, Li G, Tang B. Numerical study on all-optical modulation characteristics of quantum cascade lasers. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:1011-1019. [PMID: 36225850 PMCID: PMC9520823 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To explain the phenomenon of all-optical modulation of quantum cascade laser (QCL), and explore the physics in QCL's gain medium which consists of multiple of dielectric nanostructures with high refractive index under light injection, we modified the 1½-period model to calculate values of electron population and lifetime in each subband which is separated by the nanostructures, optical gain, current and number of photons in the cavity of a mid-infrared QCL modulated with near-infrared optical injection. The results were consistent with an experiment, where the injected light increases the electron population and lifetime, but does not affect the optical gain obviously. Our study can be helpful for optimizing its use and dielectric nanostructure design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Haijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guangxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Lemercier CE, Garenne A, Poulletier de Gannes F, El Khoueiry C, Arnaud-Cormos D, Levêque P, Lagroye I, Percherancier Y, Lewis N. Comparative study between radiofrequency-induced and muscimol-induced inhibition of cultured networks of cortical neuron. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268605. [PMID: 36044461 PMCID: PMC9432733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that spontaneously active cultured networks of cortical neuron grown planar microelectrode arrays are sensitive to radiofrequency (RF) fields and exhibit an inhibitory response more pronounced as the exposure time and power increase. To better understand the mechanism behind the observed effects, we aimed at identifying similarities and differences between the inhibitory effect of RF fields (continuous wave, 1800 MHz) to the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor agonist muscimol (MU). Inhibition of the network bursting activity in response to RF exposure became apparent at an SAR level of 28.6 W/kg and co-occurred with an elevation of the culture medium temperature of ~1°C. Exposure to RF fields preferentially inhibits bursting over spiking activity and exerts fewer constraints on neural network bursting synchrony, differentiating it from a pharmacological inhibition with MU. Network rebound excitation, a phenomenon relying on the intrinsic properties of cortical neurons, was observed following the removal of tonic hyperpolarization after washout of MU but not in response to cessation of RF exposure. This implies that hyperpolarization is not the main driving force mediating the inhibitory effects of RF fields. At the level of single neurons, network inhibition induced by MU and RF fields occurred with reduced action potential (AP) half-width. As changes in AP waveform strongly influence efficacy of synaptic transmission, the narrowing effect on AP seen under RF exposure might contribute to reducing network bursting activity. By pointing only to a partial overlap between the inhibitory hallmarks of these two forms of inhibition, our data suggest that the inhibitory mechanisms of the action of RF fields differ from the ones mediated by the activation of GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément E. Lemercier
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Department of Systems Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail: (CEL); (NL)
| | - André Garenne
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | | | - Corinne El Khoueiry
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Delia Arnaud-Cormos
- Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, Limoges, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Lagroye
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
- Paris “Sciences et Lettres” Research University, Paris, France
| | - Yann Percherancier
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Noëlle Lewis
- Laboratoire de l’Intégration du Matériau au Système, CNRS UMR 5218, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
- * E-mail: (CEL); (NL)
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40
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Sun L, Li Y, Yu Y, Wang P, Zhu S, Wu K, Liu Y, Wang R, Min L, Chang C. Inhibition of Cancer Cell Migration and Glycolysis by Terahertz Wave Modulation via Altered Chromatin Accessibility. Research (Wash D C) 2022. [DOI: 10.34133/2022/9860679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and metabolic disorders contribute to most cancer deaths and are potential drug targets in cancer treatment. However, corresponding drugs inevitably induce myeloid suppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. Here, we report a nonpharmaceutical and noninvasive electromagnetic intervention technique that exhibited long-term inhibition of cancer cells. Firstly, we revealed that optical radiation at the specific wavelength of 3.6 μm (i.e., 83 THz) significantly increased binding affinity between DNA and histone via molecular dynamics simulations, providing a theoretical possibility for THz modulation- (THM-) based cancer cell intervention. Subsequent cell functional assays demonstrated that low-power 3.6 μm THz wave could successfully inhibit cancer cell migration by 50% and reduce glycolysis by 60%. Then, mRNA sequencing and assays for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) indicated that low-power THM at 3.6 μm suppressed the genes associated with glycolysis and migration by reducing the chromatin accessibility of certain gene loci. Furthermore, THM at 3.6 μm on HCT-116 cancer cells reduced the liver metastasis by 60% in a metastatic xenograft mouse model by splenic injection, successfully validated the inhibition of cancer cell migration by THM in vivo. Together, this work provides a new paradigm for electromagnetic irradiation-induced epigenetic changes and represents a theoretical basis for possible innovative therapeutic applications of THM as the future of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Sun
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yangmei Li
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Peiliang Wang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Illumination and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shengquan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing 100171, China
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ruixing Wang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing 100171, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Sun L, Chen M, Wang H, Dong J, Zhao L, Peng R. CaMKIIδ Promotes Synaptic Plasticity under Terahertz Wave Radiation by Activation of the NF-κB Pathway. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5925-5931. [PMID: 35731851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz waves have been attracting more attention because of their growing applications in brain science. Most of the studies have demonstrated that terahertz waves have a certain positive impact on neurons. They can promote the growth of ganglion processes and the release of neurotransmitters, but the specific mechanism is still largely unexplored. Our study found that terahertz waves could promote neuronal excitability. Moreover, numerous differentially expressed proteins were uncovered via proteomic analysis. Among them, CaMKIIδ is a subunit of CaMKII and could promote the release of neuronal transmitters, regulate the excitability of neurons, and enhance synaptic plasticity. We further demonstrated that CaMKIIδ actively increased synaptic plasticity through the NF-κB pathway. This study provided a potential target for nerve repair and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Sun
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ji Dong
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruiyun Peng
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
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42
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Earls A, Calderer MC, Desroches M, Zarnescu A, Rodrigues S. A phenomenological model for interfacial water near hydrophilic polymers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:355102. [PMID: 35732163 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7b5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We propose a minimalist phenomenological model for the 'interfacial water' phenomenon that occurs near hydrophilic polymeric surfaces. We achieve this by combining a Ginzburg-Landau approach with Maxwell's equations which leads us to a well-posed model providing a macroscopic interpretation of experimental observations. From the derived governing equations, we estimate the unknown parameters using experimental measurements from the literature. The resulting profiles of the polarization and electric potential show exponential decay near the surface, in qualitative agreement with experiments. Furthermore, the model's quantitative prediction of the electric potential at the hydrophilic surface is in excellent agreement with experiments. The proposed model is a first step towards a more complete parsimonious macroscopic model that will, for example, help to elucidate the effects of interfacial water on cells (e.g. neuronal excitability), the effects of infrared neural stimulation or the effects of drugs mediated by interfacial water.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Earls
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain
| | - M-C Calderer
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - M Desroches
- Inria at Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - A Zarnescu
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain
- Simion Stoilow Institute of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Rodrigues
- Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain
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43
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Li Y, Zhu Z, Sun L, Xiang Z, Chang C, Fan C. Physicochemical Insights on Terahertz Wave Diminished Side Effects of Drugs from Slow Dissociation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8419-8426. [PMID: 35438483 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) are one of the most intensely investigated and well-established drug targets for neuropsychiatric disorders. Selective D2R antagonists have been developed as efficacious antipsychotic drugs. Nevertheless, the potent drugs with necessarily high affinity are prone to slow dissociation, which invokes a plethora of severe side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms, substantial weight gain, associated diabetes, etc. This has become a major barrier in treating psychiatric patients. In this work, we propose a physical method, terahertz wave modulation, to promote the dissociation of high-affinity antipsychotics and thus diminish the side effects. We have proven that a 4.0 THz wave could reduce the affinity by 71% between the D2R and a risperidone ligand and meanwhile expand the exit via conformation modulation, which promises an accelerated dissociation of risperidone. In addition, it is estimated that the enhancement of the dissociation rate due to lowered binding by terahertz irritation could constitute up to 8 orders of magnitude, which is fairly impressive and resembles the enzyme's catalysis. Also, acceleration of the dissociation rate could be adjusted by the irritation strength. This work elaborates the terahertz wave-modulated noncovalent interactions critical in cell signaling pathways. Most importantly, it demonstrates the feasibility of terahertz technologies intervening in receptor-ligand complex regulated diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Li
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lan Sun
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zuoxian Xiang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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44
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Li P, Liu S, Chen X, Geng C, Wu X. Spintronic terahertz emission with manipulated polarization (STEMP). FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2022; 15:12. [PMID: 36637604 PMCID: PMC9756272 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-022-00011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient generation and arbitrary manipulation of spin-polarized terahertz (THz) radiation will enable chiral lightwave driven quantum nonequilibrium state regulation, induce new electronic structures, consequently provide a powerful experimental tool for investigation of nonlinear THz optics and extreme THz science and applications. THz circular dichromic spectroscopy, ultrafast electron bunch manipulation, as well as THz imaging, sensing, and telecommunication, also need chiral THz waves. Here we review optical generation of circularly-polarized THz radiation but focus on recently emerged polarization tunable spintronic THz emission techniques, which possess many advantages of ultra-broadband, high efficiency, low cost, easy for integration and so on. We believe that chiral THz sources based on the combination of electron spin, ultrafast optical techniques and material structure engineering will accelerate the development of THz science and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinhou Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chunyan Geng
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- School of Cyber Science and Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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45
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Zhang C, Yuan Y, Wu K, Wang Y, Zhu S, Shi J, Wang L, Li Q, Zuo X, Fan C, Chang C, Li J. Driving DNA Origami Assembly with a Terahertz Wave. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:468-475. [PMID: 34968055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) waves show nontrivial interactions with living systems, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have yet to be explored. Here, we employ DNA origami as a model system to study the interactions between THz waves and DNA structures. We find that a 3-min THz illumination (35.2 THz) can drive the unwinding of DNA duplexes at ∼10 °C below their melting point. Computational study reveals that the THz wave can resonate with the vibration of DNA bases, provoking the hydrogen bond breaking. The cooperation of thermal and nonthermal effects allows the unfolding of undesired secondary structures and the THz illumination can generate diverse DNA origami assemblies with the yield (>80%) ∼ 4-fold higher than that by the contact heating at similar temperatures. We also demonstrate the in situ assembly of DNA origami in cell lysate. This method enables remotely controllable assembly of intact biomacromolecules, providing new insight into the bioeffects of THz waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yifang Yuan
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 700071, China
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Shitai Zhu
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jiye Shi
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- The Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Jiang Li
- The Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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46
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Tan X, Zhong Y, Li R, Chang C. Neuromodulation of Chemical Synaptic Transmission Driven by THz Photons. RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.34133/research.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Postsynaptic currents of chemical synapse are modulated by multitudinous neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, dopamine, glutamate, and γ-aminobutyric acid, many of which have been used in the treatment of neurological diseases. Here, based on molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculation, we propose that 30- to 45-THz photons can resonate with a variety of typical neurotransmitter molecules and make them absorb photon energy to activate the transition to high energy state, which is expected to be a new method of neural regulation. Furthermore, we verified the calculated results through experiments that THz irradiation could substantively change neuronal signal emission and enhance the frequency, amplitude, and dynamic properties of excitatory postsynaptic current and inhibitory postsynaptic current. In addition, we demonstrated the potential of neural information regulation by THz photons through 2-photon imaging in vivo. These findings are expected to improve the understanding of the physical mechanism of biological phenomena and facilitate the application of terahertz technology in neural regulation and the development of new functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Tan
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- Astronaut Center of China, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruijie Li
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chao Chang
- Innovation Laboratory of Terahertz Biophysics, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, China
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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47
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Zhao X, Zhang M, Liu Y, Liu H, Ren K, Xue Q, Zhang H, Zhi N, Wang W, Wu S. Terahertz exposure enhances neuronal synaptic transmission and oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro. iScience 2021; 24:103485. [PMID: 34927027 PMCID: PMC8649796 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) frequency occupies a large portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is between the infrared and microwave regions. Recent advances in THz application have stimulated interests regarding the biological effects within this frequency range. In the current study, we report that irradiation with a single-frequency THz laser on mice cortical neuron cultures increases excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal firing activities. Microarray assay reveals gene expression dynamics after THz exposure, which is consistent with morphology and electrophysiology results. Besides, certain schedule of THz irradiation inhibits the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and promotes OPC differentiation. Of note, the myelination process is enhanced after THz exposure. In summary, our observations suggest that THz irradiation can modulate the functions of different neuronal cells, with different sensitivity to THz. These results provide important understanding of the mechanisms that govern THz interactions with nervous systems and suggest THz wave as a new strategy for neuromodulation. THz irradiation increases excitatory synaptic transmission and neuronal firing Microarray assay reveals neuronal gene expression dynamics after THz exposure THz irradiation promotes the maturation of oligodendrocytes The myelination process in neuron is enhanced after THz exposure
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yuming Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Keke Ren
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Qian Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Na Zhi
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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48
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Zhu J, Wang R, Liu Q, Luo Z, Tian B, Zhu LG. Mid-infrared multispectral confocal microscope using off-axis parabolic mirrors to study epiretinal membranes. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:8616-8623. [PMID: 34612964 DOI: 10.1364/ao.436257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mid-infrared (mid-IR) multispectral microscopy, especially operating at the wavelength of 5-11 µm, is an effective tool for detecting, identifying, and quantifying the structure and composition of biological tissues. Compared with that based on the optical lens, the mid-infrared microscope composed of off-axis parabolic (OAP) mirrors is low cost, simple, and suitable for longer range of wavelength without chromatic aberrations, while keeping the optical transmission efficiency. Here we report a compact and versatile mid-infrared multispectral confocal microscope based on off-axis parabolic mirrors. We also perform numerical calculations based on the vectorial diffraction theory on OAP mirrors and analyze the typical aberrations and misalignment of the OAP-based optical system. Finally, we perform multispectral imaging of the epiretinal membrane of the human eyes with the spectrum selected according to its resonance absorption peak. The system is designed to perform multispectral or even hyperspectral imaging to identify and predict potential disease.
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