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Talaia G, Bentley-DeSousa A, Ferguson SM. Lysosomal TBK1 responds to amino acid availability to relieve Rab7-dependent mTORC1 inhibition. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00180-8. [PMID: 39103493 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes play a pivotal role in coordinating macromolecule degradation and regulating cell growth and metabolism. Despite substantial progress in identifying lysosomal signaling proteins, understanding the pathways that synchronize lysosome functions with changing cellular demands remains incomplete. This study uncovers a role for TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), well known for its role in innate immunity and organelle quality control, in modulating lysosomal responsiveness to nutrients. Specifically, we identify a pool of TBK1 that is recruited to lysosomes in response to elevated amino acid levels. This lysosomal TBK1 phosphorylates Rab7 on serine 72. This is critical for alleviating Rab7-mediated inhibition of amino acid-dependent mTORC1 activation. Furthermore, a TBK1 mutant (E696K) associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia constitutively accumulates at lysosomes, resulting in elevated Rab7 phosphorylation and increased mTORC1 activation. This data establishes the lysosome as a site of amino acid regulated TBK1 signaling that is crucial for efficient mTORC1 activation. This lysosomal pool of TBK1 has broader implications for lysosome homeostasis, and its dysregulation could contribute to the pathogenesis of ALS-FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Talaia
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Amanda Bentley-DeSousa
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Shawn M Ferguson
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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2
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Pareek G, Kundu M. Physiological functions of ULK1/2. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168472. [PMID: 38311233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
UNC-51-like kinases 1 and 2 (ULK1/2) are serine/threonine kinases that are best known for their evolutionarily conserved role in the autophagy pathway. Upon sensing the nutrient status of a cell, ULK1/2 integrate signals from upstream cellular energy sensors such as mTOR and AMPK and relay them to the downstream components of the autophagy machinery. ULK1/2 also play indispensable roles in the selective autophagy pathway, removing damaged mitochondria, invading pathogens, and toxic protein aggregates. Additional functions of ULK1/2 have emerged beyond autophagy, including roles in protein trafficking, RNP granule dynamics, and signaling events impacting innate immunity, axon guidance, cellular homeostasis, and cell fate. Therefore, it is no surprise that alterations in ULK1/2 expression and activity have been linked with pathophysiological processes, including cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Growing evidence suggests that ULK1/2 function as biological rheostats, tuning cellular functions to intra and extra-cellular cues. Given their broad physiological relevance, ULK1/2 are candidate targets for small molecule activators or inhibitors that may pave the way for the development of therapeutics for the treatment of diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Pareek
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mondira Kundu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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3
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Wang XX, Chen WZ, Li C, Xu RS. Current potential pathogenic mechanisms of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:549-563. [PMID: 38381656 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease which damages upper and lower motor neurons (UMN and LMN) innervating the muscles of the trunk, extremities, head, neck and face in cerebrum, brain stem and spinal cord, which results in the progressive weakness, atrophy and fasciculation of muscle innervated by the related UMN and LMN, accompanying with the pathological signs leaded by the cortical spinal lateral tract lesion. The pathogenesis about ALS is not fully understood, and no specific drugs are available to cure and prevent the progression of this disease at present. In this review, we reviewed the structure and associated functions of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), discuss why SOD1 is crucial to the pathogenesis of ALS, and outline the pathogenic mechanisms of SOD1 in ALS that have been identified at recent years, including glutamate-related excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, axonal transport disruption, prion-like propagation, and the non-cytologic toxicity of glial cells. This review will help us to deeply understand the current progression in this field of SOD1 pathogenic mechanisms in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ren-Shi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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4
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Wankhede NL, Rajendra Kopalli S, Dhokne MD, Badnag DJ, Chandurkar PA, Mangrulkar SV, Shende PV, Taksande BG, Upaganlawar AB, Umekar MJ, Koppula S, Kale MB. Decoding mitochondrial quality control mechanisms: Identifying treatment targets for enhanced cellular health. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101926. [PMID: 38944367 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are singular cell organelles essential for many cellular functions, which includes responding to stress, regulating calcium levels, maintaining protein homeostasis, and coordinating apoptosis response. The vitality of cells, therefore, hinges on the optimal functioning of these dynamic organelles. Mitochondrial Quality Control Mechanisms (MQCM) play a pivotal role in ensuring the integrity and functionality of mitochondria. Perturbations in these mechanisms have been closely associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Compelling evidence suggests that targeting specific pathways within the MQCM could potentially offer a therapeutic avenue for rescuing mitochondrial integrity and mitigating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The intricate interplay of cellular stress, protein misfolding, and impaired quality control mechanisms provides a nuanced understanding of the underlying pathology. Consequently, unravelling the specific MQCM dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders becomes paramount for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. This review delves into the impaired MQCM pathways implicated in neurodegenerative disorders and explores emerging therapeutic interventions. By shedding light on pharmaceutical and genetic manipulations aimed at restoring MQCM efficiency, the discussion aims to provide insights into novel strategies for ameliorating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding and addressing mitochondrial quality control mechanisms not only underscore their significance in cellular health but also offer a promising frontier for advancing therapeutic approaches in the realm of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mrunali D Dhokne
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) - 226002, India.
| | - Dishant J Badnag
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Pranali A Chandurkar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shubhada V Mangrulkar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Prajwali V Shende
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad- 423101, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-Si, Chungcheongbuk Do 27478, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
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5
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Adriaenssens E, Nguyen TN, Sawa-Makarska J, Khuu G, Schuschnig M, Shoebridge S, Skulsuppaisarn M, Watts EM, Csalyi KD, Padman BS, Lazarou M, Martens S. Control of mitophagy initiation and progression by the TBK1 adaptors NAP1 and SINTBAD. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01338-y. [PMID: 38918639 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy preserves overall mitochondrial fitness by selectively targeting damaged mitochondria for degradation. The regulatory mechanisms that prevent PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin (PINK1/Parkin)-dependent mitophagy and other selective autophagy pathways from overreacting while ensuring swift progression once initiated are largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate how the TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) adaptors NAP1 (NAK-associated protein 1) and SINTBAD (similar to NAP1 TBK1 adaptor) restrict the initiation of OPTN (optineurin)-driven mitophagy by competing with OPTN for TBK1. Conversely, they promote the progression of nuclear dot protein 52 (NDP52)-driven mitophagy by recruiting TBK1 to NDP52 and stabilizing its interaction with FIP200. Notably, OPTN emerges as the primary recruiter of TBK1 during mitophagy initiation, which in return boosts NDP52-mediated mitophagy. Our results thus define NAP1 and SINTBAD as cargo receptor rheostats, elevating the threshold for mitophagy initiation by OPTN while promoting the progression of the pathway once set in motion by supporting NDP52. These findings shed light on the cellular strategy to prevent pathway hyperactivity while still ensuring efficient progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Adriaenssens
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
- University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Thanh Ngoc Nguyen
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justyna Sawa-Makarska
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Grace Khuu
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martina Schuschnig
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephen Shoebridge
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Marvin Skulsuppaisarn
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily Maria Watts
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kitti Dora Csalyi
- Max Perutz Labs BioOptics FACS Facility, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Scott Padman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Lazarou
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sascha Martens
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
- University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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6
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Liu BH, Xu CZ, Liu Y, Lu ZL, Fu TL, Li GR, Deng Y, Luo GQ, Ding S, Li N, Geng Q. Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:32. [PMID: 38812059 PMCID: PMC11134732 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism. However, their significance extends beyond this, as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and redox balance. In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli, a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanism has evolved, encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy, which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC. Furthermore, the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail. We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC, aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chen-Zhen Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zi-Long Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting-Lv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Rui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Qing Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Song Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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7
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Yang K, Yan Y, Yu A, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Qiu Z, Li Z, Zhang Q, Wu S, Li F. Mitophagy in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:998-1005. [PMID: 37862201 PMCID: PMC10749592 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical cellular energy resources and are central to the life of the neuron. Mitophagy selectively clears damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria through autophagic machinery to maintain mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. Mature neurons are postmitotic and consume substantial energy, thus require highly efficient mitophagy pathways to turn over damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria. Recent evidence indicates that mitophagy is pivotal to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. However, more work is needed to study mitophagy pathway components as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we briefly discuss the characteristics of nonselective autophagy and selective autophagy, including ERphagy, aggrephagy, and mitophagy. We then introduce the mechanisms of Parkin-dependent and Parkin-independent mitophagy pathways under physiological conditions. Next, we summarize the diverse repertoire of mitochondrial membrane receptors and phospholipids that mediate mitophagy. Importantly, we review the critical role of mitophagy in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Last, we discuss recent studies considering mitophagy as a potential therapeutic target for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Together, our review may provide novel views to better understand the roles of mitophagy in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Anni Yu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuefang Zhang
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyi Li
- Neurosurgery Department, Kunming Yenan Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qianlong Zhang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihao Wu
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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Lee KW, Ryu KJ, Kim M, Lim S, Kim J, Kim JY, Hwangbo C, Yoo J, Cho YY, Kim KD. RCHY1 and OPTN are required for melanophagy, selective autophagy of melanosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318039121. [PMID: 38536750 PMCID: PMC10998605 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318039121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanosomes are specific organelles dedicated to melanin synthesis and accumulation in melanocytes. Autophagy is suggestively involved in melanosome degradation, although the potential underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In selective autophagy, autophagy receptors and E3-ligases are the key factors conferring cargo selectivity. In B16F10 cells, β-mangostin efficiently induced melanosome degradation without affecting other organelles such as mitochondria, peroxisomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum. Among various autophagy receptors, optineurin (OPTN) contributes TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-dependently to melanosome degradation and its knockdown inhibited β-mangostin-mediated melanosome degradation. OPTN translocation to melanosomes was dependent on its ubiquitin-binding domain. Moreover, OPTN-mediated TBK1 activation and subsequent TBK1-mediated S187 OPTN phosphorylation were essential for melanosome degradation. β-mangostin increased K63-linked melanosome ubiquitination. Finally, the E3-ligase RCHY1 knockdown inhibited the melanosome ubiquitination required for OPTN- and TBK1-phosphorylation as well as melanosome degradation. This study suggests that melanophagy, melanosome-selective autophagy, contributes to melanosome degradation, and OPTN and RCHY1 are an essential autophagy receptor and a E3-ligase, respectively, conferring cargo selectivity in melanophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Won Lee
- Anti-aging Bio Cell factory Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Ki-jun Ryu
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Seyeon Lim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52725, South Korea
| | - Cheol Hwangbo
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Yoo
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Wonmi-Gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-Do14662, South Korea
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Anti-aging Bio Cell factory Regional Leading Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju52828, South Korea
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9
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Yamano K, Sawada M, Kikuchi R, Nagataki K, Kojima W, Endo R, Kinefuchi H, Sugihara A, Fujino T, Watanabe A, Tanaka K, Hayashi G, Murakami H, Matsuda N. Optineurin provides a mitophagy contact site for TBK1 activation. EMBO J 2024; 43:754-779. [PMID: 38287189 PMCID: PMC10907724 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a Ser/Thr kinase that is involved in many intracellular processes, such as innate immunity, cell cycle, and apoptosis. TBK1 is also important for phosphorylating the autophagy adaptors that mediate the selective autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria. However, the mechanism by which PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy activates TBK1 remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the autophagy adaptor optineurin (OPTN) provides a unique platform for TBK1 activation. Both the OPTN-ubiquitin and the OPTN-pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) interaction axes facilitate assembly of the OPTN-TBK1 complex at a contact sites between damaged mitochondria and the autophagosome formation sites. At this assembly point, a positive feedback loop for TBK1 activation is initiated that accelerates hetero-autophosphorylation of the protein. Expression of monobodies engineered here to bind OPTN impaired OPTN accumulation at contact sites, as well as the subsequent activation of TBK1, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial degradation. Taken together, these data show that a positive and reciprocal relationship between OPTN and TBK1 initiates autophagosome biogenesis on damaged mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamano
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Momoha Sawada
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Reika Kikuchi
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kafu Nagataki
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Waka Kojima
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Ryu Endo
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kinefuchi
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugihara
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoshige Fujino
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Aiko Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Protein Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Gosuke Hayashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- Department of Biomolecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
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10
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Zang C, Liu H, Ning J, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Shang M, Yang Y, Ma J, Dong Y, Wang J, Li F, Bao X, Zhang D. Emerging role and mechanism of HACE1 in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases: A promising target. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116204. [PMID: 38364733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
HACE1 is a member of the HECT domain-containing E3 ligases with 909 amino acid residues, containing N-terminal ankyrin-repeats (ANK) and C-terminal HECT domain. Previously, it was shown that HACE1 is inactive in human tumors and plays a crucial role in the initiation, progression, and invasion of malignant tumors. Recent studies indicated that HACE1 might be closely involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. HACE1 interacts with its substrates, including Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR), and optineurin (OPTN), through which participates in several pathophysiological processes, such as oxidative stress, autophagy and inflammation. Therefore, in this review, we elaborately describe the essential substrates of HACE1 and illuminate the pathophysiological processes by which HACE1 is involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We provide a new molecular target for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jingwen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Qiuzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yueqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Meiyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yirong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xiuqi Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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11
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Yang X, Liu Z. Role of TBK1 Inhibition in Targeted Therapy of Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1031-1045. [PMID: 38314681 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575271977231115062803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a serine/threonine protein that plays a crucial role in various biological processes like immunity, autophagy, cell survival, and proliferation. The level and kinase activity of the TBK1 protein is regulated through post-translational modifications (PTMs). TBK1 mainly mediates the activation of IRF3/7 and NF-κB signaling pathways while also participating in the regulation of cellular activities such as autophagy, mitochondrial metabolism, and cell proliferation. TBK1 regulates immune, metabolic, inflammatory, and tumor occurrence and development within the body through these cellular activities. TBK1 kinase has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for tumor immunity. However, its molecular mechanism of action remains largely unknown. The identification of selective TBK1 small molecule inhibitors can serve as valuable tools for investigating the biological function of TBK1 protein and also as potential drug candidates for tumor immunotherapy. The current research progress indicates that some TBK1 inhibitors (compounds 15,16 and 21) exhibit certain antitumor effects in vitro culture systems. Here, we summarize the mechanism of action of TBK1 in tumors in recent years and the progress of small molecule inhibitors of TBK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Zongliang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
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12
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Talaia G, Bentley-DeSousa A, Ferguson SM. Lysosomal TBK1 Responds to Amino Acid Availability to Relieve Rab7-Dependent mTORC1 Inhibition. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.16.571979. [PMID: 38168426 PMCID: PMC10760094 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.16.571979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes play a pivotal role in coordinating macromolecule degradation and regulating cell growth and metabolism. Despite substantial progress in identifying lysosomal signaling proteins, understanding the pathways that synchronize lysosome functions with changing cellular demands remains incomplete. This study uncovers a role for TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), well known for its role in innate immunity and organelle quality control, in modulating lysosomal responsiveness to nutrients. Specifically, we identify a pool of TBK1 that is recruited to lysosomes in response to elevated amino acid levels. At lysosomes, this TBK1 phosphorylates Rab7 on serine 72. This is critical for alleviating Rab7-mediated inhibition of amino acid-dependent mTORC1 activation. Furthermore, a TBK1 mutant (E696K) associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia constitutively accumulates at lysosomes, resulting in elevated Rab7 phosphorylation and increased mTORC1 activation. This data establishes the lysosome as a site of amino acid regulated TBK1 signaling that is crucial for efficient mTORC1 activation. This lysosomal pool of TBK1 has broader implications for lysosome homeostasis, and its dysregulation could contribute to the pathogenesis of ALS-FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Talaia
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Amanda Bentley-DeSousa
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Shawn M. Ferguson
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
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13
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Vacchiano V, Palombo F, Ormanbekova D, Fiorini C, Fiorentino A, Caporali L, Mastrangelo A, Valentino ML, Capellari S, Liguori R, Carelli V. The genetic puzzle of a SOD1-patient with ocular ptosis and a motor neuron disease: a case report. Front Genet 2023; 14:1322067. [PMID: 38152653 PMCID: PMC10751346 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1322067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex genetic architecture, showing monogenic, oligogenic, and polygenic inheritance. In this study, we describe the case of a 71 years-old man diagnosed with ALS with atypical clinical features consisting in progressive ocular ptosis and sensorineural deafness. Genetic analyses revealed two heterozygous variants, in the SOD1 (OMIM*147450) and the TBK1 (OMIM*604834) genes respectively, and furthermore mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing identified the homoplasmic m.14484T>C variant usually associated with Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). We discuss how all these variants may synergically impinge on mitochondrial function, possibly contributing to the pathogenic mechanisms which might ultimately lead to the neurodegenerative process, shaping the clinical ALS phenotype enriched by adjunctive clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Vacchiano
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flavia Palombo
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Danara Ormanbekova
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Fiorini
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Fiorentino
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Caporali
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Mastrangelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Valentino
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Picca A, Faitg J, Auwerx J, Ferrucci L, D'Amico D. Mitophagy in human health, ageing and disease. Nat Metab 2023; 5:2047-2061. [PMID: 38036770 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining optimal mitochondrial function is a feature of health. Mitophagy removes and recycles damaged mitochondria and regulates the biogenesis of new, fully functional ones preserving healthy mitochondrial functions and activities. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that impaired mitophagy negatively affects cellular health and contributes to age-related chronic diseases. Strategies to boost mitophagy have been successfully tested in model organisms, and, recently, some have been translated into clinics. In this Review, we describe the basic mechanisms of mitophagy and how mitophagy can be assessed in human blood, the immune system and tissues, including muscle, brain and liver. We outline mitophagy's role in specific diseases and describe mitophagy-activating approaches successfully tested in humans, including exercise and nutritional and pharmacological interventions. We describe how mitophagy is connected to other features of ageing through general mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress and forecast how strengthening research on mitophagy and mitophagy interventions may strongly support human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Julie Faitg
- Amazentis, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Belosludtseva NV, Matveeva LA, Belosludtsev KN. Mitochondrial Dyshomeostasis as an Early Hallmark and a Therapeutic Target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16833. [PMID: 38069154 PMCID: PMC10706047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal multisystem disease characterized by progressive death of motor neurons, loss of muscle mass, and impaired energy metabolism. More than 40 genes are now known to be associated with ALS, which together account for the majority of familial forms of ALS and only 10% of sporadic ALS cases. To date, there is no consensus on the pathogenesis of ALS, which makes it difficult to develop effective therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondria, which play an important role in cellular homeostasis, are the earliest targets in ALS, and abnormalities in their structure and functions contribute to the development of bioenergetic stress and disease progression. Mitochondria are known to be highly dynamic organelles, and their stability is maintained through a number of key regulatory pathways. Mitochondrial homeostasis is dynamically regulated via mitochondrial biogenesis, clearance, fission/fusion, and trafficking; however, the processes providing "quality control" and distribution of the organelles are prone to dysregulation in ALS. Here, we systematically summarized changes in mitochondrial turnover, dynamics, calcium homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial transport and functions to provide in-depth insights into disease progression pathways, which may have a significant impact on current symptomatic therapies and personalized treatment programs for patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
| | - Lyudmila A. Matveeva
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia;
| | - Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola 424001, Russia;
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16
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Watanabe S, Murata Y, Oka Y, Oiwa K, Horiuchi M, Iguchi Y, Komine O, Sobue A, Katsuno M, Ogi T, Yamanaka K. Mitochondria-associated membrane collapse impairs TBK1-mediated proteostatic stress response in ALS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2315347120. [PMID: 37967220 PMCID: PMC10666035 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315347120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The organelle contact site of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, known as the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), is a multifunctional microdomain in cellular homeostasis. We previously reported that MAM disruption is a common pathological feature in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); however, the precise role of MAM in ALS was uncovered. Here, we show that the MAM is essential for TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) activation under proteostatic stress conditions. A MAM-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase, autocrine motility factor receptor, ubiquitinated nascent proteins to activate TBK1 at the MAM, which results in ribosomal protein degradation. MAM or TBK1 deficiency under proteostatic stress conditions resulted in increased cellular vulnerability in vitro and motor impairment in vivo. Thus, MAM disruption exacerbates proteostatic stress via TBK1 inactivation in ALS. Our study has revealed a proteostatic mechanism mediated by the MAM-TBK1 axis, highlighting the physiological importance of the organelle contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Watanabe
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuri Murata
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Oka
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kotaro Oiwa
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mai Horiuchi
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yohei Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Okiru Komine
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Sobue
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Medical Interactive Research and Academia Industry Collaboration Center, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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17
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Oleinik N, Albayram O, Kassir MF, Atilgan FC, Walton C, Karakaya E, Kurtz J, Alekseyenko A, Alsudani H, Sheridan M, Szulc ZM, Ogretmen B. Alterations of lipid-mediated mitophagy result in aging-dependent sensorimotor defects. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13954. [PMID: 37614052 PMCID: PMC10577547 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic consequences of mitophagy alterations due to age-related stress in healthy aging brains versus neurodegeneration remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that ceramide synthase 1 (CerS1) is transported to the outer mitochondrial membrane by the p17/PERMIT transporter that recognizes mislocalized mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) via 39-FLRN-42 residues, inducing ceramide-mediated mitophagy. P17/PERMIT-CerS1-mediated mitophagy attenuated the argininosuccinate/fumarate/malate axis and induced d-glucose and fructose accumulation in neurons in culture and brain tissues (primarily in the cerebellum) of wild-type mice in vivo. These metabolic changes in response to sodium-selenite were nullified in the cerebellum of CerS1to/to (catalytically inactive for C18-ceramide production CerS1 mutant), PARKIN-/- or p17/PERMIT-/- mice that have dysfunctional mitophagy. Whereas sodium selenite induced mitophagy in the cerebellum and improved motor-neuron deficits in aged wild-type mice, exogenous fumarate or malate prevented mitophagy. Attenuating ceramide-mediated mitophagy enhanced damaged mitochondria accumulation and age-dependent sensorimotor abnormalities in p17/PERMIT-/- mice. Reinstituting mitophagy using a ceramide analog drug with selenium conjugate, LCL768, restored mitophagy and reduced malate/fumarate metabolism, improving sensorimotor deficits in old p17/PERMIT-/- mice. Thus, these data describe the metabolic consequences of alterations to p17/PERMIT/ceramide-mediated mitophagy associated with the loss of mitochondrial quality control in neurons and provide therapeutic options to overcome age-dependent sensorimotor deficits and related disorders like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Oleinik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Onder Albayram
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mohamed Faisal Kassir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - F. Cansu Atilgan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Chase Walton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Eda Karakaya
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - John Kurtz
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alexander Alekseyenko
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Public HealthMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Habeeb Alsudani
- Cancer CenterCold Spring Harbor LaboratoryCold Spring HarborNew YorkUSA
| | - Megan Sheridan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Zdzislaw M. Szulc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
- Hollings Cancer CenterMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA
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18
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Harding O, Holzer E, Riley JF, Martens S, Holzbaur ELF. Damaged mitochondria recruit the effector NEMO to activate NF-κB signaling. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3188-3204.e7. [PMID: 37683611 PMCID: PMC10510730 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Failure to clear damaged mitochondria via mitophagy disrupts physiological function and may initiate damage signaling via inflammatory cascades, although how these pathways intersect remains unclear. We discovered that nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) essential regulator NF-κB effector molecule (NEMO) is recruited to damaged mitochondria in a Parkin-dependent manner in a time course similar to recruitment of the structurally related mitophagy adaptor, optineurin (OPTN). Upon recruitment, NEMO partitions into phase-separated condensates distinct from OPTN but colocalizing with p62/SQSTM1. NEMO recruitment, in turn, recruits the active catalytic inhibitor of kappa B kinase (IKK) component phospho-IKKβ, initiating NF-κB signaling and the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines. Consistent with a potential neuroinflammatory role, NEMO is recruited to mitochondria in primary astrocytes upon oxidative stress. These findings suggest that damaged, ubiquitinated mitochondria serve as an intracellular platform to initiate innate immune signaling, promoting the formation of activated IKK complexes sufficient to activate NF-κB signaling. We propose that mitophagy and NF-κB signaling are initiated as parallel pathways in response to mitochondrial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Harding
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Elisabeth Holzer
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus, Vienna, Austria; Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia F Riley
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Sascha Martens
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA; Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus, Vienna, Austria; Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika L F Holzbaur
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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19
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Ma Q, Xin J, Peng Q, Li N, Sun S, Hou H, Ma G, Wang N, Zhang L, Tam KY, Dussmann H, Prehn JHM, Wang H, Ying Z. UBQLN2 and HSP70 participate in Parkin-mediated mitophagy by facilitating outer mitochondrial membrane rupture. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55859. [PMID: 37501540 PMCID: PMC10481660 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two aging-related neurodegenerative diseases that share common key features, including aggregation of pathogenic proteins, dysfunction of mitochondria, and impairment of autophagy. Mutations in ubiquilin 2 (UBQLN2), a shuttle protein in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), can cause ALS/FTD, but the mechanism underlying UBQLN2-mediated pathogenesis is still uncertain. Recent studies indicate that mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy which is crucial for mitochondrial quality control, is tightly associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ALS. In this study, we show that after Parkin-dependent ubiquitination of damaged mitochondria, UBQLN2 is recruited to poly-ubiquitinated mitochondria through the UBA domain. UBQLN2 cooperates with the chaperone HSP70 to promote UPS-driven degradation of outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) proteins. The resulting rupture of the OMM triggers the autophagosomal recognition of the inner mitochondrial membrane receptor PHB2. UBQLN2 is required for Parkin-mediated mitophagy and neuronal survival upon mitochondrial damage, and the ALS/FTD pathogenic mutations in UBQLN2 impair mitophagy in primary cultured neurons. Taken together, our findings link dysfunctional mitophagy to UBQLN2-mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilian Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics and FUTURE‐NEURO Research CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Jiaqi Xin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qiang Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Ningning Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauChina
| | - Hongyu Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Guoqiang Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Nana Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacauMacauChina
| | - Heiko Dussmann
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics and FUTURE‐NEURO Research CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Jochen HM Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics and FUTURE‐NEURO Research CentreRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zheng Ying
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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20
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Song J, Dikwella N, Sinske D, Roselli F, Knöll B. SRF deletion results in earlier disease onset in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167694. [PMID: 37339001 PMCID: PMC10445689 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in neuronal activity modulate the vulnerability of motoneurons (MNs) in neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). So far, the molecular basis of neuronal activity's impact in ALS is poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the impact of deleting the neuronal activity-stimulated transcription factor (TF) serum response factor (SRF) in MNs of SOD1G93A mice. SRF was present in vulnerable MMP9+ MNs. Ablation of SRF in MNs induced an earlier disease onset starting around 7-8 weeks after birth, as revealed by enhanced weight loss and decreased motor ability. This earlier disease onset in SRF-depleted MNs was accompanied by a mild elevation of neuroinflammation and neuromuscular synapse degeneration, whereas overall MN numbers and mortality were unaffected. In SRF-deficient mice, MNs showed impaired induction of autophagy-encoding genes, suggesting a potentially new SRF function in transcriptional regulation of autophagy. Complementary, constitutively active SRF-VP16 enhanced autophagy-encoding gene transcription and autophagy progression in cells. Furthermore, SRF-VP16 decreased ALS-associated aggregate induction. Chemogenetic modulation of neuronal activity uncovered SRF as having important TF-mediating activity-dependent effects, which might be beneficial to reduce ALS disease burden. Thus, our data identify SRF as a gene regulator connecting neuronal activity with the cellular autophagy program initiated in degenerating MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Song
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry and
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Natalie Dikwella
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry and
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Francesco Roselli
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases-Ulm (DZNE-Ulm), Ulm, Germany
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21
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Bagyinszky E, Hulme J, An SSA. Studies of Genetic and Proteomic Risk Factors of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Inspire Biomarker Development and Gene Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:1948. [PMID: 37566027 PMCID: PMC10417729 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease affecting the upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, motor impairments, disabilities and death. Approximately 5-10% of ALS cases are associated with positive family history (familial ALS or fALS), whilst the remainder are sporadic (sporadic ALS, sALS). At least 50 genes have been identified as causative or risk factors for ALS. Established pathogenic variants include superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1), chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (c9orf72), TAR DNA Binding Protein (TARDBP), and Fused In Sarcoma (FUS); additional ALS-related genes including Charged Multivesicular Body Protein 2B (CHMP2B), Senataxin (SETX), Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), TANK Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) and NIMA Related Kinase 1 (NEK1), have been identified. Mutations in these genes could impair different mechanisms, including vesicle transport, autophagy, and cytoskeletal or mitochondrial functions. So far, there is no effective therapy against ALS. Thus, early diagnosis and disease risk predictions remain one of the best options against ALS symptomologies. Proteomic biomarkers, microRNAs, and extracellular vehicles (EVs) serve as promising tools for disease diagnosis or progression assessment. These markers are relatively easy to obtain from blood or cerebrospinal fluids and can be used to identify potential genetic causative and risk factors even in the preclinical stage before symptoms appear. In addition, antisense oligonucleotides and RNA gene therapies have successfully been employed against other diseases, such as childhood-onset spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which could also give hope to ALS patients. Therefore, an effective gene and biomarker panel should be generated for potentially "at risk" individuals to provide timely interventions and better treatment outcomes for ALS patients as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bagyinszky
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - John Hulme
- Graduate School of Environment Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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22
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Jun YW, Lee S, Ban BK, Lee JA, Gao FB. Non-muscle MYH10/myosin IIB recruits ESCRT-III to participate in autophagosome closure to maintain neuronal homeostasis. Autophagy 2023; 19:2045-2061. [PMID: 36849436 PMCID: PMC10283425 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2169309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) has been linked to frontotemporal dementia (FTD) due in part to the accumulation of unsealed autophagosomes. However, the mechanisms of ESCRT-mediated membrane closure events on phagophores remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that partial knockdown of non-muscle MYH10/myosin IIB/zip rescues neurodegeneration in both Drosophila and human iPSC-derived cortical neurons expressing FTD-associated mutant CHMP2B, a subunit of ESCRT-III. We also found that MYH10 binds and recruits several autophagy receptor proteins during autophagosome formation induced by mutant CHMP2B or nutrient starvation. Moreover, MYH10 interacted with ESCRT-III to regulate phagophore closure by recruiting ESCRT-III to damaged mitochondria during PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy. Evidently, MYH10 is involved in the initiation of induced but not basal autophagy and also links ESCRT-III to mitophagosome sealing, revealing novel roles of MYH10 in the autophagy pathway and in ESCRT-related FTD pathogenesis.Abbreviations: ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AP: autophagosome; Atg: autophagy-related; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FTD: frontotemporal dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Woo Jun
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Byung-Kwan Ban
- Department of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Hannam University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Hannam University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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23
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Diab R, Pilotto F, Saxena S. Autophagy and neurodegeneration: Unraveling the role of C9ORF72 in the regulation of autophagy and its relationship to ALS-FTD pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1086895. [PMID: 37006471 PMCID: PMC10060823 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1086895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The proper functioning of the cell clearance machinery is critical for neuronal health within the central nervous system (CNS). In normal physiological conditions, the cell clearance machinery is actively involved in the elimination of misfolded and toxic proteins throughout the lifetime of an organism. The highly conserved and regulated pathway of autophagy is one of the important processes involved in preventing and neutralizing pathogenic buildup of toxic proteins that could eventually lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease or Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The most common genetic cause of ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a hexanucleotide expansion consisting of GGGGCC (G4C2) repeats in the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 gene (C9ORF72). These abnormally expanded repeats have been implicated in leading to three main modes of disease pathology: loss of function of the C9ORF72 protein, the generation of RNA foci, and the production of dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). In this review, we discuss the normal physiological role of C9ORF72 in the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP), and present recent research deciphering how dysfunction of the ALP synergizes with C9ORF72 haploinsufficiency, which together with the gain of toxic mechanisms involving hexanucleotide repeat expansions and DPRs, drive the disease process. This review delves further into the interactions of C9ORF72 with RAB proteins involved in endosomal/lysosomal trafficking, and their role in regulating various steps in autophagy and lysosomal pathways. Lastly, the review aims to provide a framework for further investigations of neuronal autophagy in C9ORF72-linked ALS-FTD as well as other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Diab
- Department of Neurology, Center for Experimental Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Federica Pilotto
- Department of Neurology, Center for Experimental Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Smita Saxena
- Department of Neurology, Center for Experimental Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Smita Saxena,
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24
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Liu W, Zhu SO, Guo YL, Tu LF, Zhen YQ, Zhao RY, Ou-Yang L, Kurihara H, He RR, Liu B. BL-918, a small-molecule activator of ULK1, induces cytoprotective autophagy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:524-537. [PMID: 36042292 PMCID: PMC9958028 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the most common fatal neurodegenerative diseases in adults. ALS pathogenesis is associated with toxic SOD1 aggregates generated by mutant SOD1. Since autophagy is responsible for the clearance of toxic protein aggregates including SOD1 aggregates, autophagy induction has been considered as a potential strategy for treating ALS. Autophagic signaling is initiated by unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) complex. We previously identified that BL-918 as a specific ULK1 activator, which exerted cytoprotective effect against Parkinson's disease in vitro and in vivo. In this study we investigated whether BL-918 exerted a therapeutic effect against ALS, and characterized its pharmacokinetic profile in rats. In hSODG93A-NSC34 cells, treatment with BL-918 (5, 10 μM) dose-dependently induced ULK1-dependent autophagy, and eliminated toxic SOD1 aggregates. In SODG93A mice, administration of BL-918 (40, 80 mg/kg, b.i.d., i.g.) dose-dependently prolonged lifespan and improved the motor function, and enhanced the clearance of SOD1 aggregates in spinal cord and cerebral cortex through inducing autophagy. In the pharmacokinetic study conducted in rats, we found BL-918 and its 2 metabolites (M8 and M10) present in spinal cord and brain; after intragastric and intravenous administration, BL-918 reached the highest blood concentration compared to M8 and M10. Collectively, ULK1 activator BL-918 displays a therapeutic potential on ALS through inducing cytoprotective autophagy. This study provides a further clue for autophagic dysfunction in ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shi-Ou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu-Lin Guo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Long-Fang Tu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong-Qi Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rong-Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liang Ou-Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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25
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Hu SL, Mamun AA, Shaw J, Li SL, Shi YF, Jin XM, Yu YX, Pang CZ, Li ZY, Lu JJ, Cai YP, Wang XY, Xiao J. TBK1-medicated DRP1 phosphorylation orchestrates mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy activation in osteoarthritis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:610-621. [PMID: 36008706 PMCID: PMC9958127 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial fission and fusion, are critical for maintaining mitochondrial functions. Evidence shows that TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) regulates mitochondrial fusion and fission and then mitophagy. Since a previous study demonstrates a strong correlation between mitophagy and osteoarthritis (OA), we herein investigated the potential role of TBK1 in OA process and mitochondrial functions. We demonstrated a strong correlation between TBK1 and OA, evidenced by significantly downregulated expression of TBK1 in cartilage tissue samples of OA patients and in the chondrocytes of aged mice, as well as TNF-α-stimulated phosphorylation of TBK1 in primary mouse chondrocytes. TBK1 overexpression significantly attenuated TNF-α-induced apoptosis and abnormal mitochondrial function in primary mouse chondrocytes. Furthermore, TBK1 overexpression induced remodeling of mitochondrial morphology by directly phosphorylating dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) at Ser637, abolishing the fission of DRP1 and preventing its fragmentation function. Moreover, TBK1 recruitment and DRP1 phosphorylation at Ser637 was necessary for engulfing damaged mitochondria by autophagosomal membranes during mitophagy. Moreover, we demonstrated that APMK/ULK1 signaling contributed to TBK1 activation. In OA mouse models established by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus, intraarticular injection of lentivirus-TBK1 significantly ameliorated cartilage degradation via regulation of autophagy and alleviation of cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that the TBK1/DRP1 pathway is involved in OA and pharmacological targeting of the TBK1-DRP1 cascade provides prospective therapeutic benefits for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Li Hu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jian Shaw
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Sun-Long Li
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Yi-Feng Shi
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Xue-Man Jin
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Ying-Xin Yu
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Chao-Zhi Pang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Ze-Yang Li
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jia-Jie Lu
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Yue-Piao Cai
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Jian Xiao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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26
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Surma M, Anbarasu K, Dutta S, Olivera Perez LJ, Huang KC, Meyer JS, Das A. Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis promotes neuroprotection in human pluripotent stem cell derived retinal ganglion cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:218. [PMID: 36828933 PMCID: PMC9957998 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are widely afflicted in central nervous system (CNS) disorders with minimal understanding on how to improve mitochondrial homeostasis to promote neuroprotection. Here we have used human stem cell differentiated retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs) of the CNS, which are highly sensitive towards mitochondrial dysfunctions due to their unique structure and function, to identify mechanisms for improving mitochondrial quality control (MQC). We show that hRGCs are efficient in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through rapid degradation and biogenesis of mitochondria under acute damage. Using a glaucomatous Optineurin mutant (E50K) stem cell line, we show that at basal level mutant hRGCs possess less mitochondrial mass and suffer mitochondrial swelling due to excess ATP production load. Activation of mitochondrial biogenesis through pharmacological inhibition of the Tank binding kinase 1 (TBK1) restores energy homeostasis, mitigates mitochondrial swelling with neuroprotection against acute mitochondrial damage for glaucomatous E50K hRGCs, revealing a novel neuroprotection mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Surma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kavitha Anbarasu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sayanta Dutta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | | | - Kang-Chieh Huang
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jason S Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Arupratan Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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27
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Li J, Yang D, Li Z, Zhao M, Wang D, Sun Z, Wen P, Dai Y, Gou F, Ji Y, Zhao D, Yang L. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101817. [PMID: 36503124 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play key roles in bioenergetics, metabolism, and signaling; therefore, stable mitochondrial function is essential for cell survival, particularly in energy-intensive neuronal cells. In neurodegenerative diseases, damaged mitochondria accumulate in neurons causing associated bioenergetics deficiency, impaired cell signaling, defective cytoplasmic calcium buffering, and other pathological changes. Mitochondrial quality control is an important mechanism to ensure the maintenance of mitochondrial health, homeostasis, and mitophagy, the latter of which is a pathway that delivers defective mitochondria to the lysosome for degradation. Defective mitophagy is thought to be responsible for the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, which leads to cellular dysfunction and/or death in neurodegenerative diseases. PINK1/Parkin mainly regulates ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy, which is crucial for many aspects of mitochondrial physiology, particularly the initiation of autophagic mechanisms. Therefore, in the present review, we summarize the current knowledge of the conventional mitophagy pathway, focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying mitophagy dysregulation in prion disease and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases, especially in relation to the PINK1/Parkin pathway. Moreover, we list the inducers of mitophagy that possess neuroprotective effects, in addition to their mechanisms related to the PINK1/Parkin pathway. These mechanisms may provide potential interventions centered on the regulation of mitophagy and offer therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Yang
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyang Zhao
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Sun
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Wen
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexin Dai
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengting Gou
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilan Ji
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Deming Zhao
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Yang
- National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Abstract
Macroautophagy and microautophagy are highly conserved eukaryotic cellular processes that degrade cytoplasmic material in lysosomes. Both pathways involve characteristic membrane dynamics regulated by autophagy-related proteins and other molecules, some of which are shared between the two pathways. Over the past few years, the application of new technologies, such as cryo-electron microscopy, coevolution-based structural prediction and in vitro reconstitution, has revealed the functions of individual autophagy gene products, especially in autophagy induction, membrane reorganization and cargo recognition. Concomitantly, mutations in autophagy genes have been linked to human disorders, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing the potential pathogenic implications of autophagy defects. Accumulating genome data have also illuminated the evolution of autophagy genes within eukaryotes as well as their transition from possible ancestral elements in prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayashi Yamamoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.410821.e0000 0001 2173 8328Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sidi Zhang
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Giovannelli I, Higginbottom A, Kirby J, Azzouz M, Shaw PJ. Prospects for gene replacement therapies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:39-52. [PMID: 36481799 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating and incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons. ALS causes death, usually within 2-5 years of diagnosis. Riluzole, the only drug currently approved in Europe for the treatment of this condition, offers only a modest benefit, increasing survival by 3 months on average. Recent advances in our understanding of causative or disease-modifying genetic variants and in the development of genetic therapy strategies present exciting new therapeutic opportunities for ALS. In addition, the approval of adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of functional copies of the SMN1 gene to treat spinal muscular atrophy represents an important therapeutic milestone and demonstrates the potential of gene replacement therapies for motor neuron disorders. In this Review, we describe the current landscape of genetic therapies in ALS, highlighting achievements and critical challenges. In particular, we discuss opportunities for gene replacement therapy in subgroups of people with ALS, and we describe loss-of-function mutations that are known to contribute to the pathophysiology of ALS and could represent novel targets for gene replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Giovannelli
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Adrian Higginbottom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Janine Kirby
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mimoun Azzouz
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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30
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Rossi G, Salvi E, Mehmeti E, Ricci M, Villa C, Prioni S, Moda F, Di Fede G, Tiraboschi P, Redaelli V, Coppola C, Koch G, Canu E, Filippi M, Agosta F, Giaccone G, Caroppo P. Semantic and right temporal variant of FTD: Next generation sequencing genetic analysis on a single-center cohort. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1085406. [PMID: 36570531 PMCID: PMC9773257 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1085406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Semantic and right temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia (svFTD and rtvFTD) are rare clinical phenotypes in which, in most cases, the underlying pathology is TDP-43 proteinopathy. They are usually sporadic disorders, but recent evidences suggest a higher frequency of genetic mutations for the right temporal versus the semantic variant. However, the genetic basis of these forms is not clear. In this study we performed a genetic screening of a single-center cohort of svFTD and rtvFTD patients, aiming at identifying the associated genetic variants. A panel of 73 dementia candidate genes has been analyzed by NGS target sequencing including both causal and risk/modifier genes in 23 patients (15 svFTD and 8 rtvFTD) and 73 healthy age-matched controls. We first performed a single variant analysis considering rare variants and then a gene-based aggregation analysis to evaluate the cumulative effects of multiple rare variants in a single gene. We found 12 variants in nearly 40% of patients (9/23), described as pathogenic or classified as VUS/likely pathogenic. The overall rate was higher in svFTD than in rtvFTD. Three mutations were located in MAPT gene and single mutations in the following genes: SQSTM1, VCP, PSEN1, TBK1, OPTN, CHCHD10, PRKN, DCTN1. Our study revealed the presence of variants in genes involved in pathways relevant for the pathology, especially autophagy and inflammation. We suggest that molecular analysis should be performed in all svFTD and rtvFTD patients, to better understand the genotype-phenotype correlation and the pathogenetic mechanisms that could drive the clinical phenotypes in FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomina Rossi
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Giacomina Rossi,
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elkadia Mehmeti
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Ricci
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Villa
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Prioni
- Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Moda
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Tiraboschi
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Redaelli
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Coppola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Non Invasive Brain Stimulation Unit/Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy,Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Caroppo
- Neurology V and Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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31
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Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial organelles that play a central role in various cell signaling and metabolic pathways. A healthy mitochondrial population is maintained through a series of quality control pathways and requires a fine-tuned balance between mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation. Defective targeting of dysfunctional mitochondria to lysosomes through mitophagy has been linked to several diseases, but the underlying mechanisms and the relative importance of distinct mitophagy pathways in vivo are largely unknown. In this Cell Science at a Glance and the accompanying poster, we describe our current understanding of how parts of, or whole, mitochondria are recognized by the autophagic machinery and targeted to lysosomes for degradation. We also discuss how this might be regulated under different physiological conditions to maintain mitochondrial and cellular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G. Ganley
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Montebello, 0379 Oslo, Norway
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32
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Luo HM, Xu J, Huang DX, Chen YQ, Liu YZ, Li YJ, Chen H. Mitochondrial dysfunction of induced pluripotent stem cells-based neurodegenerative disease modeling and therapeutic strategy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1030390. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are disorders in which neurons are lost owing to various factors, resulting in a series of dysfunctions. Their rising prevalence and irreversibility have brought physical pain to patients and economic pressure to both individuals and society. However, the pathogenesis of NDDs has not yet been fully elucidated, hampering the use of precise medication. Induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) modeling provides a new method for drug discovery, and exploring the early pathological mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, which is not only an early but a prominent pathological feature of NDDs. In this review, we summarize the iPSC modeling approach of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as outline typical mitochondrial dysfunction and recapitulate corresponding therapeutic strategies.
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33
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Wang Q, Xue H, Yue Y, Hao S, Huang SH, Zhang Z. Role of mitophagy in the neurodegenerative diseases and its pharmacological advances: A review. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1014251. [PMID: 36267702 PMCID: PMC9578687 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1014251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of incurable and debilitating diseases characterized by progressive degeneration and death of cells in the central nervous system. They have multiple underlying mechanisms; however, they all share common degenerative features, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. According to recent studies, neurodegenerative diseases are associated with the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Selective autophagy of mitochondria, called mitophagy, can specifically degrade excess or dysfunctional mitochondria within cells. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the role of mitophagy in neurodegenerative disorders. Multiple studies were collected, including those related to the importance of mitochondria, the mechanism of mitophagy in protecting mitochondrial health, and canonical and non-canonical pathways in mitophagy. This review elucidated the important function of mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, discussed the research progress of mitophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, and summarized the role of mitophagy-related proteins in neurological diseases. In addition, we also highlight pharmacological advances in neurodegeneration.
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34
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Berth SH, Rich DJ, Lloyd TE. The role of autophagic kinases in regulation of axonal function. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:996593. [PMID: 36226074 PMCID: PMC9548526 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.996593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential process for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Highlighting the importance of proper functioning of autophagy in neurons, disruption of autophagy is a common finding in neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, evidence has emerged for the role of autophagy in regulating critical axonal functions. In this review, we discuss kinase regulation of autophagy in neurons, and provide an overview of how autophagic kinases regulate axonal processes, including axonal transport and axonal degeneration and regeneration. We also examine mechanisms for disruption of this process leading to neurodegeneration, focusing on the role of TBK1 in pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
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35
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Gurfinkel Y, Polain N, Sonar K, Nice P, Mancera RL, Rea SL. Functional and structural consequences of TBK1 missense variants in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 174:105859. [PMID: 36113750 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) gene were identified in 2015 in individuals with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). They account for ∼3-4% of cases. To date, over 100 distinct mutations, including missense, nonsense, deletion, insertion, duplication, and splice-site mutations have been reported. While nonsense mutations are predicted to cause disease via haploinsufficiency, the mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis with missense mutations is not fully elucidated. TBK1 is a kinase involved in neuroinflammation, which is commonly observed in these diseases. TBK1 also phosphorylates key autophagy mediators, thereby regulating proteostasis, a pathway that is dysregulated in ALS-FTLD. Recently, several groups have characterised various missense mutations with respect to their effects on the phosphorylation of known TBK1 substrates, TBK1 homodimerization, interaction with optineurin, and the regulation of autophagy and neuroinflammatory pathways. Further, the effects of either global or conditional heterozygous knock-out of Tbk1, or the heterozygous or homozygous knock-in of ALS-FTLD associated mutations, alone or when crossed with the SOD1G93A classical ALS mouse model or a TDP-43 mouse model, have been reported. In this review we summarise the known functional effects of TBK1 missense mutations. We also present novel modelling data that predicts the structural effects of missense mutations and discuss how they correlate with the known functional effects of these mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Gurfinkel
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Building, QEII Medical Centre, Ground floor RR Block, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.; UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
| | - Nicole Polain
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Krushna Sonar
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | - Penelope Nice
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Building, QEII Medical Centre, Ground floor RR Block, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ricardo L Mancera
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | - Sarah Lyn Rea
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Health Research Building, Discovery Way, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Building, QEII Medical Centre, Ground floor RR Block, 8 Verdun St, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia..
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36
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Wang L, Yang Z, He X, Pu S, Yang C, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Cen X, Zhao H. Mitochondrial protein dysfunction in pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:974480. [PMID: 36157077 PMCID: PMC9489860 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.974480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for neuronal function and cell survival. Besides the well-known bioenergetics, additional mitochondrial roles in calcium signaling, lipid biogenesis, regulation of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis are pivotal in diverse cellular processes. The mitochondrial proteome encompasses about 1,500 proteins encoded by both the nuclear DNA and the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome, or combinations of both, can result in mitochondrial protein deficiencies and mitochondrial malfunction. Therefore, mitochondrial quality control by proteins involved in various surveillance mechanisms is critical for neuronal integrity and viability. Abnormal proteins involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, import machinery, ion channels, and mitochondrial DNA maintenance have been linked to the pathogenesis of a number of neurological diseases. The goal of this review is to give an overview of these pathways and to summarize the interconnections between mitochondrial protein dysfunction and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyun Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiumei He
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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37
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Sidibe DK, Vogel MC, Maday S. Organization of the autophagy pathway in neurons. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 75:102554. [PMID: 35649324 PMCID: PMC9990471 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is an essential quality-control pathway in neurons, which face unique functional and morphological challenges in maintaining the integrity of organelles and the proteome. To overcome these challenges, neurons have developed compartment-specific pathways for autophagy. In this review, we discuss the organization of the autophagy pathway, from autophagosome biogenesis, trafficking, to clearance, in the neuron. We dissect the compartment-specific mechanisms and functions of autophagy in axons, dendrites, and the soma. Furthermore, we highlight examples of how steps along the autophagy pathway are impaired in the context of aging and neurodegenerative disease, which underscore the critical importance of autophagy in maintaining neuronal function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Sidibe
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Vogel
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sandra Maday
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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38
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Khatoon F, Kumar V, Anjum F, Shafie A, Adnan M, Hassan MI. Frustration analysis of TBK1 missense mutations reported in ALS/FTD and cancer patients. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:174. [PMID: 35845111 PMCID: PMC9283588 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a multifunctional kinase having essential roles in cellular processes, autophagy/mitophagy, and selective clearance of damaged proteins. More than 90 mutations in the TBK1 gene are linked with multiple cancer types, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Some of these missense mutations disrupt the abilities of TBK1 to dimerize, associate with the mitophagy receptor optineurin (OPTN), autoactivate, or catalyze phosphorylation. Some mutations may cause severe dysregulation of the pathway, while others induce a limited disruption. Here, we have studied those mutations reported in cancer, ALS and FTD, and subsequently investigated the effect of missense mutations on the structure and function of TBK1 for localized residual frustration change. Out of 33 ALS/FTD causing mutations and 28 oncogenic mutations, 10 mutations and 12 oncogenic mutations showed significant change in the residual frustration. The local frustration plays an important role in the conformation of protein structure in active and inactive kinases. Our analysis reports the change in residual frustration state, conformational change and effect on active and inactive TBK1 function due to ALS/FTD causing and oncogenic missense mutations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03240-0.
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39
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Regulating Phase Transition in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Nuclear Import Receptors. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071009. [PMID: 36101390 PMCID: PMC9311884 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) with a low-complexity prion-like domain (PLD) can undergo aberrant phase transitions and have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS and FTD. Several nuclear RBPs mislocalize to cytoplasmic inclusions in disease conditions. Impairment in nucleocytoplasmic transport is another major event observed in ageing and in neurodegenerative disorders. Nuclear import receptors (NIRs) regulate the nucleocytoplasmic transport of different RBPs bearing a nuclear localization signal by restoring their nuclear localization. NIRs can also specifically dissolve or prevent the aggregation and liquid–liquid phase separation of wild-type or disease-linked mutant RBPs, due to their chaperoning activity. This review focuses on the LLPS of intrinsically disordered proteins and the role of NIRs in regulating LLPS in neurodegeneration. This review also discusses the implication of NIRs as therapeutic agents in neurogenerative diseases.
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Goodall EA, Kraus F, Harper JW. Mechanisms underlying ubiquitin-driven selective mitochondrial and bacterial autophagy. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1501-1513. [PMID: 35364016 PMCID: PMC9254164 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Selective autophagy specifically eliminates damaged or superfluous organelles, maintaining cellular health. In this process, a double membrane structure termed an autophagosome captures target organelles or proteins and delivers this cargo to the lysosome for degradation. The attachment of the small protein ubiquitin to cargo has emerged as a common mechanism for initiating organelle or protein capture by the autophagy machinery. In this process, a suite of ubiquitin-binding cargo receptors function to initiate autophagosome assembly in situ on the target cargo, thereby providing selectivity in cargo capture. Here, we review recent efforts to understand the biochemical mechanisms and principles by which cargo are marked with ubiquitin and how ubiquitin-binding cargo receptors use conserved structural modules to recruit the autophagosome initiation machinery, with a particular focus on mitochondria and intracellular bacteria as cargo. These emerging mechanisms provide answers to long-standing questions in the field concerning how selectivity in cargo degradation is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen A. Goodall
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Felix Kraus
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - J. Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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Runde AP, Mack R, S J PB, Zhang J. The role of TBK1 in cancer pathogenesis and anticancer immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:135. [PMID: 35395857 PMCID: PMC8994244 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the non-canonical inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) family. TBK1 can be activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), inflammatory cytokines, and oncogenic kinases, including activated K-RAS/N-RAS mutants. TBK1 primarily mediates IRF3/7 activation and NF-κB signaling to regulate inflammatory cytokine production and the activation of innate immunity. TBK1 is also involved in the regulation of several other cellular activities, including autophagy, mitochondrial metabolism, and cellular proliferation. Although TBK1 mutations have not been reported in human cancers, aberrant TBK1 activation has been implicated in the oncogenesis of several types of cancer, including leukemia and solid tumors with KRAS-activating mutations. As such, TBK1 has been proposed to be a feasible target for pharmacological treatment of these types of cancer. Studies suggest that TBK1 inhibition suppresses cancer development not only by directly suppressing the proliferation and survival of cancer cells but also by activating antitumor T-cell immunity. Several small molecule inhibitors of TBK1 have been identified and interrogated. However, to this point, only momelotinib (MMB)/CYT387 has been evaluated as a cancer therapy in clinical trials, while amlexanox (AMX) has been evaluated clinically for treatment of type II diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and obesity. In this review, we summarize advances in research into TBK1 signaling pathways and regulation, as well as recent studies on TBK1 in cancer pathogenesis. We also discuss the potential molecular mechanisms of targeting TBK1 for cancer treatment. We hope that our effort can help to stimulate the development of novel strategies for targeting TBK1 signaling in future approaches to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin P Runde
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Ryan Mack
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Peter Breslin S J
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.,Departments of Molecular/Cellular Physiology and Biology, Loyola University Medical Center and Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA. .,Departments of Pathology and Radiation Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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Simonsen A, Wollert T. Don't forget to be picky – selective autophagy of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2022; 75:102064. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
The brain is one of the most energetically demanding tissues in the human body, and mitochondrial pathology is strongly implicated in chronic neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast to acute brain injuries in which bioenergetics and cell death play dominant roles, studies modeling familial neurodegeneration implicate a more complex and nuanced relationship involving the entire mitochondrial life cycle. Recent literature on mitochondrial mechanisms in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is reviewed with an emphasis on mitochondrial quality control, transport and synaptodendritic calcium homeostasis. Potential neuroprotective interventions include targeting the mitochondrial kinase PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), which plays a role in regulating not only multiple facets of mitochondrial biology, but also neuronal morphogenesis and dendritic arborization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charleen T Chu
- Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Center for Protein Conformational Diseases, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Jetto CT, Nambiar A, Manjithaya R. Mitophagy and Neurodegeneration: Between the Knowns and the Unknowns. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:837337. [PMID: 35392168 PMCID: PMC8981085 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (henceforth autophagy) an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway, involves lysosomal degradation of damaged and superfluous cytosolic contents to maintain cellular homeostasis. While autophagy was initially perceived as a bulk degradation process, a surfeit of studies in the last 2 decades has revealed that it can also be selective in choosing intracellular constituents for degradation. In addition to the core autophagy machinery, these selective autophagy pathways comprise of distinct molecular players that are involved in the capture of specific cargoes. The diverse organelles that are degraded by selective autophagy pathways are endoplasmic reticulum (ERphagy), lysosomes (lysophagy), mitochondria (mitophagy), Golgi apparatus (Golgiphagy), peroxisomes (pexophagy) and nucleus (nucleophagy). Among these, the main focus of this review is on the selective autophagic pathway involved in mitochondrial turnover called mitophagy. The mitophagy pathway encompasses diverse mechanisms involving a complex interplay of a multitude of proteins that confers the selective recognition of damaged mitochondria and their targeting to degradation via autophagy. Mitophagy is triggered by cues that signal the mitochondrial damage such as disturbances in mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics, mitochondrial membrane depolarisation, enhanced ROS production, mtDNA damage as well as developmental cues such as erythrocyte maturation, removal of paternal mitochondria, cardiomyocyte maturation and somatic cell reprogramming. As research on the mechanistic aspects of this complex pathway is progressing, emerging roles of new players such as the NIPSNAP proteins, Miro proteins and ER-Mitochondria contact sites (ERMES) are being explored. Although diverse aspects of this pathway are being investigated in depth, several outstanding questions such as distinct molecular players of basal mitophagy, selective dominance of a particular mitophagy adapter protein over the other in a given physiological condition, molecular mechanism of how specific disease mutations affect this pathway remain to be addressed. In this review, we aim to give an overview with special emphasis on molecular and signalling pathways of mitophagy and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuckoo Teresa Jetto
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Akshaya Nambiar
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Ravi Manjithaya,
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Goldsmith J, Ordureau A, Harper JW, Holzbaur ELF. Brain-derived autophagosome profiling reveals the engulfment of nucleoid-enriched mitochondrial fragments by basal autophagy in neurons. Neuron 2022; 110:967-976.e8. [PMID: 35051374 PMCID: PMC8930448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurons depend on autophagy to maintain cellular homeostasis, and defects in autophagy are pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease. To probe the role of basal autophagy in the maintenance of neuronal health, we isolated autophagic vesicles from mouse brain tissue and used proteomics to identify the major cargos engulfed within autophagosomes, validating our findings in rodent primary and human iPSC-derived neurons. Mitochondrial proteins were identified as a major cargo in the absence of mitophagy adaptors such as OPTN. We found that nucleoid-associated proteins are enriched compared with other mitochondrial components. In the axon, autophagic engulfment of nucleoid-enriched mitochondrial fragments requires the mitochondrial fission machinery Drp1. We proposed that localized Drp1-dependent fission of nucleoid-enriched fragments in proximity to the sites of autophagosome biogenesis enhances their capture. The resulting efficient autophagic turnover of nucleoids may prevent accumulation of mitochondrial DNA in the neuron, thus mitigating activation of proinflammatory pathways that contribute to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alban Ordureau
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erika L F Holzbaur
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Mechanistic Insights of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Update on a Lasting Relationship. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030233. [PMID: 35323676 PMCID: PMC8951432 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of the upper and lower motor neurons. Despite the increasing effort in understanding the etiopathology of ALS, it still remains an obscure disease, and no therapies are currently available to halt its progression. Following the discovery of the first gene associated with familial forms of ALS, Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase, it appeared evident that mitochondria were key elements in the onset of the pathology. However, as more and more ALS-related genes were discovered, the attention shifted from mitochondria impairment to other biological functions such as protein aggregation and RNA metabolism. In recent years, mitochondria have again earned central, mechanistic roles in the pathology, due to accumulating evidence of their derangement in ALS animal models and patients, often resulting in the dysregulation of the energetic metabolism. In this review, we first provide an update of the last lustrum on the molecular mechanisms by which the most well-known ALS-related proteins affect mitochondrial functions and cellular bioenergetics. Next, we focus on evidence gathered from human specimens and advance the concept of a cellular-specific mitochondrial “metabolic threshold”, which may appear pivotal in ALS pathogenesis.
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Lu YQ, Chen JM, Lin H, Feng SY, Che CH, Liu CY, Huang HP, Zou ZY. Novel Intronic Mutations of TBK1 Promote Aberrant Splicing Modes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:691534. [PMID: 35283724 PMCID: PMC8908445 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.691534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) has been identified as a causative gene of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the Caucasian population in 2015. Here, we sequenced for TBK1 variants in a cohort of 15 familial ALS (fALS) and 275 sporadic ALS (sALS) of Chinese origin by targeted next-generation sequencing. We identified one likely benign missense variant (p. Ser398Pro), two missense variants of uncertain significance (p. Ile37Leu and p. Tyr677Asn), and two novel heterozygous variants in introns of TBK1, c.1522-3T > G and c.2066 + 4A > G. We performed splicing assays through minigene plasmids and RNA pull-down assay to determine that the two substitutions of nucleotides disrupted the binding of the important splicing regulator hnRNPA1 and promoted aberrant pre-mRNA splicing modes. The c.1522-3T > G variant promoted nearly 50.0% of abnormal transcripts (3 different types of insertions and deletions (indels) in junction of intron 13-exon 14) and the c.2066 + 4A > G variant inhibited about 75.0% inclusion of exon 19, both causing premature stop codon and producing TBK1 protein without CCD2. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the expression of TBK1 with intronic variants was lower since less TBK1 distribution was observed in HEK293T cells. Both patients carrying TBK1 c.1522-3T > G and c.2066 + 4A > G variants developed a rapidly progressive ALS, with a survival of 31 and 10 months, respectively. The frequency of loss of function (LoF) variants in TBK1 was 0.73% in sALS in our cohort. We emphasize that intronic sequencing and pre-mRNA splicing analysis cannot be ignored to demonstrate the complex mutational spectrum and pathogenesis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Lu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shu-Yan Feng
- Department of Neurophysiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chun-Hui Che
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chang-Yun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua-Pin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Hua-Pin Huang,
| | - Zhang-Yu Zou
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhang-Yu Zou,
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Memou A, Dimitrakopoulos L, Kedariti M, Kentros M, Lamprou A, Petropoulou-Vathi L, Valkimadi PE, Rideout HJ. Defining (and blocking) neuronal death in Parkinson's disease: Does it matter what we call it? Brain Res 2021; 1771:147639. [PMID: 34492263 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, comprised of both familial and idiopathic forms, behind only Alzheimer's disease (AD). The disease is characterized, regardless of the pathogenesis, primarily by a loss of DA neurons in the ventral midbrain as well as noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus; however, by the time symptoms manifest, considerable neuronal loss in both areas has occurred. Neuroprotective strategies thus have to be paired with more sensitive and specific biomarker assays that can identify early at-risk patients in order to initiate disease-modifying therapies at an earlier stage in the disease. Complicating this is the fact that multiple forms of cell death mediate the neuronal loss; however, with a common underlying element that the cell death is considered a "regulated" form of cell death, in contrast to an un-controlled necrotic cell death process. In this review we focus our discussion on several categories of regulated cell death in the context of PD: apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagic cell death. In clinical studies as well as experimental in vivo models of PD, there is evidence for a role of each of these forms of cell death in the loss of midbrain DA neurons, and specific therapeutic strategies have been proposed and tested. What remains unclear however is the relative contributions of these distinct forms of cell death to the overall loss of DA neurons, whether they occur at different stages of the disease, or whether specific sub-regions within the midbrain are more susceptible to specific death triggers and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Memou
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lampros Dimitrakopoulos
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kedariti
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis Kentros
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andriana Lamprou
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lilian Petropoulou-Vathi
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Polytimi-Eleni Valkimadi
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Hardy J Rideout
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Hu D, Liu Z, Qi X. Mitochondrial Quality Control Strategies: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Neurosci 2021; 15:746873. [PMID: 34867159 PMCID: PMC8633545 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.746873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many lines of evidence have indicated the therapeutic potential of rescuing mitochondrial integrity by targeting specific mitochondrial quality control pathways in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. In addition to ATP synthesis, mitochondria are critical regulators of ROS production, lipid metabolism, calcium buffering, and cell death. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy are the three main quality control mechanisms responsible for maintaining mitochondrial proteostasis and bioenergetics. The proper functioning of these complex processes is necessary to surveil and restore mitochondrial homeostasis and the healthy pool of mitochondria in cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early and causally in disease pathogenesis. A significant accumulation of mitochondrial damage resulting from compromised quality control pathways leads to the development of neuropathology. Moreover, genetic or pharmaceutical manipulation targeting the mitochondrial quality control mechanisms can sufficiently rescue mitochondrial integrity and ameliorate disease progression. Thus, therapies that can improve mitochondrial quality control have great promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the field that underscores the essential role of impaired mitochondrial quality control pathways in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the translational approaches targeting mitochondrial function, with a focus on the restoration of mitochondrial integrity, including mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondrial proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zunren Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
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50
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Zhang DF, Bu XL, Aliev G, Zhu F. Editorial: Infection, Inflammation, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:750172. [PMID: 34580584 PMCID: PMC8463657 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.750172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xian-Le Bu
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- GALLY International Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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