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Li D, Liu C, Wang H, Li Y, Wang Y, An S, Sun S. The Role of Neuromodulation and Potential Mechanism in Regulating Heterotopic Ossification. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1628-1642. [PMID: 38416374 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological process characterized by the aberrant formation of bone in muscles and soft tissues. It is commonly triggered by traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and burns. Despite a wide range of evidence underscoring the significance of neurogenic signals in proper bone remodeling, a clear understanding of HO induced by nerve injury remains rudimentary. Recent studies suggest that injury to the nervous system can activate various signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, leading to neurogenic HO through the release of neurotrophins. These pathophysiological changes lay a robust groundwork for the prevention and treatment of HO. In this review, we collected evidence to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of HO related to nerve injury, aiming to enhance our understanding of how neurological repair processes can culminate in HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengju Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changxing Liu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haojue Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Senbo An
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Shui Sun
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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2
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Li J, Zhang Z, Tang J, Hou Z, Li L, Li B. Emerging roles of nerve-bone axis in modulating skeletal system. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1867-1903. [PMID: 38421080 DOI: 10.1002/med.22031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, emerging evidence in the literature has demonstrated that the innervation of bone is a crucial modulator for skeletal physiology and pathophysiology. The nerve-bone axis sparked extensive preclinical and clinical investigations aimed at elucidating the contribution of nerve-bone crosstalks to skeleton metabolism, homeostasis, and injury repair through the perspective of skeletal neurobiology. To date, peripheral nerves have been widely reported to mediate bone growth and development and fracture healing via the secretion of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, axon guidance factors, and neurotrophins. Relevant studies have further identified several critical neural pathways that stimulate profound alterations in bone cell biology, revealing a complex interplay between the skeleton and nerve systems. In addition, inspired by nerve-bone crosstalk, novel drug delivery systems and bioactive materials have been developed to emulate and facilitate the process of natural bone repair through neuromodulation, eventually boosting osteogenesis for ideal skeletal tissue regeneration. Overall, this work aims to review the novel research findings that contribute to deepening the current understanding of the nerve-bone axis, bringing forth some schemas that can be translated into the clinical scenario to highlight the critical roles of neuromodulation in the skeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Wehrle E, Günther D, Mathavan N, Singh A, Müller R. Protocol for preparing formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded musculoskeletal tissue samples from mice for spatial transcriptomics. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102986. [PMID: 38555590 PMCID: PMC10998190 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for using spatial transcriptomics in bone and multi-tissue musculoskeletal formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from mice. We describe steps for tissue harvesting, sample preparation, paraffin embedding, and FFPE sample selection. We detail procedures for sectioning and placement on spatial slides prior to imaging, decrosslinking, library preparation, and final analyses of the sequencing data. The complete protocol takes ca. 18 days for mouse femora with adjacent muscle; of this time, >50% is required for mineralized tissue decalcification. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wehrle et al.1 and Mathavan et al.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Wehrle
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
| | - Denise Günther
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Amit Singh
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Wang Y, Qin Q, Wang Z, Negri S, Sono T, Tower RJ, Li Z, Xing X, Archer M, Thottappillil N, Zhu M, Suarez A, Kim DH, Harvey T, Fan CM, James AW. The Mohawk homeobox gene represents a marker and osteo-inhibitory factor in calvarial suture osteoprogenitor cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:420. [PMID: 38886383 PMCID: PMC11183145 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06813-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The regeneration of the mammalian skeleton's craniofacial bones necessitates the action of intrinsic and extrinsic inductive factors from multiple cell types, which function hierarchically and temporally to control the differentiation of osteogenic progenitors. Single-cell transcriptomics of developing mouse calvarial suture recently identified a suture mesenchymal progenitor population with previously unappreciated tendon- or ligament-associated gene expression profile. Here, we developed a Mohawk homeobox (MkxCG; R26RtdT) reporter mouse and demonstrated that this reporter identifies an adult calvarial suture resident cell population that gives rise to calvarial osteoblasts and osteocytes during homeostatic conditions. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data reveal that Mkx+ suture cells display a progenitor-like phenotype with expression of teno-ligamentous genes. Bone injury with Mkx+ cell ablation showed delayed bone healing. Remarkably, Mkx gene played a critical role as an osteo-inhibitory factor in calvarial suture cells, as knockdown or knockout resulted in increased osteogenic differentiation. Localized deletion of Mkx in vivo also resulted in robustly increased calvarial defect repair. We further showed that mechanical stretch dynamically regulates Mkx expression, in turn regulating calvarial cell osteogenesis. Together, we define Mkx+ cells within the suture mesenchyme as a progenitor population for adult craniofacial bone repair, and Mkx acts as a mechanoresponsive gene to prevent osteogenic differentiation within the stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology of the University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Takashi Sono
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Xin Xing
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mary Archer
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | | | - Manyu Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Allister Suarez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tyler Harvey
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Chen-Ming Fan
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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5
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Chen Y, Guo B, Ma G, Cao H. Sensory nerve regulation of bone homeostasis: Emerging therapeutic opportunities for bone-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102372. [PMID: 38880342 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the intricate interplay between sensory nerves and bone tissue cells is of paramount significance in the field of bone biology and clinical medicine. The regulatory role of sensory nerves in bone homeostasis offers a novel perspective for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for a spectrum of bone-related diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and intervertebral disc degeneration. By elucidating the mechanisms through which sensory nerves and their neuropeptides influence the differentiation and function of bone tissue cells, this review aims to shed light on emerging therapeutic targets that harness the neuro-skeletal axis for the treatment and management of debilitating bone disorders. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of sensory nerve-mediated bone regulation may pave the way for the development of innovative strategies to promote bone health and mitigate the burden of skeletal pathologies in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Botao Guo
- The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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6
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Xu M, Thottappillil N, Cherief M, Li Z, Zhu M, Xing X, Gomez-Salazar M, Mwirigi JM, Sankaranarayanan I, Tavares-Ferreira D, Zhang C, Wang XW, Archer M, Guan Y, Tower RJ, Cahan P, Price TJ, Clemens TL, James AW. Mapping Somatosensory Afferent Circuitry to Bone Identifies Neurotrophic Signals Required for Fracture Healing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.06.597786. [PMID: 38895367 PMCID: PMC11185682 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.06.597786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The profound pain accompanying bone fracture is mediated by somatosensory neurons, which also appear to be required to initiate bone regeneration following fracture. Surprisingly, the precise neuroanatomical circuitry mediating skeletal nociception and regeneration remains incompletely understood. Here, we characterized somatosensory dorsal root ganglia (DRG) afferent neurons innervating murine long bones before and after experimental long bone fracture in mice. Retrograde labeling of DRG neurons by an adeno-associated virus with peripheral nerve tropism showed AAV-tdT signal. Single cell transcriptomic profiling of 6,648 DRG neurons showed highest labeling across CGRP+ neuron clusters (6.9-17.2%) belonging to unmyelinated C fibers, thinly myelinated Aδ fibers and Aβ-Field LTMR (9.2%). Gene expression profiles of retrograde labeled DRG neurons over multiple timepoints following experimental stress fracture revealed dynamic changes in gene expression corresponding to the acute inflammatory ( S100a8 , S100a9 ) and mechanical force ( Piezo2 ). Reparative phase after fracture included morphogens such as Tgfb1, Fgf9 and Fgf18 . Two methods to surgically or genetically denervate fractured bones were used in combination with scRNA-seq to implicate defective mesenchymal cell proliferation and osteodifferentiation as underlying the poor bone repair capacity in the presence of attenuated innervation. Finally, multi-tissue scRNA-seq and interactome analyses implicated neuron-derived FGF9 as a potent regulator of fracture repair, a finding compatible with in vitro assessments of neuron-to-skeletal mesenchyme interactions.
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7
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Roth DM, Piña JO, Raju R, Iben J, Faucz FR, Makareeva E, Leikin S, Graf D, D'Souza RN. Tendon-associated gene expression precedes osteogenesis in mid-palatal suture establishment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.590129. [PMID: 38798531 PMCID: PMC11118303 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.590129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Orthodontic maxillary expansion relies on intrinsic mid-palatal suture mechanobiology to induce guided osteogenesis, yet establishment of the mid-palatal suture within the continuous secondary palate and causes of maxillary insufficiency remain poorly understood. In contrast, advances in cranial suture research hold promise to improve surgical repair of prematurely fused cranial sutures in craniosynostosis to potentially restore the obliterated signaling environment and ensure continual success of the intervention. We hypothesized that mid-palatal suture establishment is governed by shared principles with calvarial sutures and involves functional linkage between expanding primary ossification centres with the midline mesenchyme. We characterized establishment of the mid-palatal suture from late embryonic to early postnatal timepoints. Suture establishment was visualized using histological techniques and multimodal transcriptomics. We identified that mid-palatal suture formation depends on a spatiotemporally controlled signalling milieu in which tendon-associated genes play a significant role. We mapped relationships between extracellular matrix-encoding gene expression, tenocyte markers, and novel suture patency candidate genes. We identified similar expression patterns in FaceBase-deposited scRNA-seq datasets from cranial sutures. These findings demonstrate shared biological principles for suture establishment, providing further avenues for future development and understanding of maxillofacial interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Roth
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremie Oliver Piña
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Resmi Raju
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio R Faucz
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- Section on Physical Biochemistry, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Graf
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rena N D'Souza
- Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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8
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Pei F, Ma L, Guo T, Zhang M, Jing J, Wen Q, Feng J, Lei J, He J, Janečková E, Ho TV, Chen JF, Chai Y. Sensory nerve regulates progenitor cells via FGF-SHH axis in tooth root morphogenesis. Development 2024; 151:dev202043. [PMID: 38108472 PMCID: PMC10820866 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nerves play important roles in organ development and tissue homeostasis. Stem/progenitor cells differentiate into different cell lineages responsible for building the craniofacial organs. The mechanism by which nerves regulate stem/progenitor cell behavior in organ morphogenesis has not yet been comprehensively explored. Here, we use tooth root development in mouse as a model to investigate how sensory nerves regulate organogenesis. We show that sensory nerve fibers are enriched in the dental papilla at the initiation of tooth root development. Through single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of the trigeminal ganglion and developing molar, we reveal several signaling pathways that connect the sensory nerve with the developing molar, of which FGF signaling appears to be one of the important regulators. Fgfr2 is expressed in the progenitor cells during tooth root development. Loss of FGF signaling leads to shortened roots with compromised proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells. Furthermore, Hh signaling is impaired in Gli1-CreER;Fgfr2fl/fl mice. Modulation of Hh signaling rescues the tooth root defects in these mice. Collectively, our findings elucidate the nerve-progenitor crosstalk and reveal the molecular mechanism of the FGF-SHH signaling cascade during tooth root morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Li Ma
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Quan Wen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jie Lei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jinzhi He
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Eva Janečková
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Cherief M, Xu J, Li Z, Tower RJ, Ramesh S, Qin Q, Gomez-Salazar M, Yea JH, Lee S, Negri S, Xu M, Price T, Kendal AR, Fan CM, Clemens TL, Levi B, James AW. TrkA-mediated sensory innervation of injured mouse tendon supports tendon sheath progenitor cell expansion and tendon repair. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade4619. [PMID: 38117901 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade4619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neurons terminate at the surface of tendons partly to relay nociceptive pain signals; however, the role of peripheral nerves in tendon injury and repair remains unclear. Here, we show that after Achilles tendon injury in mice, there is new nerve growth near tendon cells that express nerve growth factor (NGF). Conditional deletion of the Ngf gene in either myeloid or mesenchymal mouse cells limited both innervation and tendon repair. Similarly, inhibition of the NGF receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) abrogated tendon healing in mouse tendon injury. Sural nerve transection blocked the postinjury increase in tendon sensory innervation and the expansion of tendon sheath progenitor cells (TSPCs) expressing tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3. Single cell and spatial transcriptomics revealed that disruption of sensory innervation resulted in dysregulated inflammatory signaling and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling in injured mouse tendon. Culture of mouse TSPCs with conditioned medium from dorsal root ganglia neuron further supported a role for neuronal mediators and TGFβ signaling in TSPC proliferation. Transcriptomic and histologic analyses of injured human tendon biopsy samples supported a role for innervation and TGFβ signaling in human tendon regeneration. Last, treating mice after tendon injury systemically with a small-molecule partial agonist of TrkA increased neurovascular response, TGFβ signaling, TSPC expansion, and tendon tissue repair. Although further studies should investigate the potential effects of denervation on mechanical loading of tendon, our results suggest that peripheral innervation is critical for the regenerative response after acute tendon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masnsen Cherief
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Ji-Hye Yea
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Seungyong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Verona, Verona 37129, Italy
| | - Mingxin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Theodore Price
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, USA
| | - Adrian R Kendal
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Chen-Ming Fan
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21208, USA
| | - Thomas L Clemens
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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10
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Yamazaki N, Ohira M, Takada S, Ohtake A, Onodera M, Nakanishi M, Okuyama T, Mashima R. Enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of parietal bone in a novel murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type II. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 37:101021. [PMID: 38053930 PMCID: PMC10694741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II, OMIM 309900) is an X-linked disorder caused by a deficiency of lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS). The clinical manifestations of MPS II involve cognitive decline, bone deformity, and visceral disorders. These manifestations are closely associated with IDS enzyme activity, which catalyzes the stepwise degradation of heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate. In this study, we established a novel Ids-deficient mice and further assessed the enzyme's physiological role. Using DNA sequencing, we found a genomic modification of the Ids genome, which involved the deletion of a 138-bp fragment spanning from intron 2 to exon 3, along with the insertion of an adenine at the 5' end of exon 3 in the mutated allele. Consistent with previous data, our Ids-deficient mice showed an attenuated enzyme activity and an enhanced accumulation of glycosaminoglycans. Interestingly, we noticed a distinct enlargement of the calvarial bone in both neonatal and young adult mice. Our examination revealed that Ids deficiency led to an enhanced osteoblastogenesis in the parietal bone, a posterior part of the calvarial bone originating from the paraxial mesoderm and associated with an enhanced expression of osteoblastic makers, such as Col1a and Runx2. In sharp contrast, cell proliferation of the parietal bone in these mice appeared similar to that of wild-type controls. These results suggest that the deficiency of Ids could be involved in an augmented differentiation of calvarial bone, which is often noticed as an enlarged head circumference in MPS II-affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narutoshi Yamazaki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Mari Ohira
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
- Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Masafumi Onodera
- Department of Human Genetics, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- TOKIWA-Bio Inc., 2-1-6 Sengen, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Torayuki Okuyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Mashima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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11
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Xiao X, Juan C, Drennon T, Uytingco CR, Vishlaghi N, Sokolowskei D, Xu L, Levi B, Sammarco MC, Tower RJ. Spatial transcriptomic interrogation of the murine bone marrow signaling landscape. Bone Res 2023; 11:59. [PMID: 37926705 PMCID: PMC10625929 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation of skeletal stem and progenitor cells (SSPCs) are tightly regulated processes, with SSPC dysregulation leading to progressive bone disease. While the application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to the bone field has led to major advancements in our understanding of SSPC heterogeneity, stem cells are tightly regulated by their neighboring cells which comprise the bone marrow niche. However, unbiased interrogation of these cells at the transcriptional level within their native niche environment has been challenging. Here, we combined spatial transcriptomics and scRNAseq using a predictive modeling pipeline derived from multiple deconvolution packages in adult mouse femurs to provide an endogenous, in vivo context of SSPCs within the niche. This combined approach localized SSPC subtypes to specific regions of the bone and identified cellular components and signaling networks utilized within the niche. Furthermore, the use of spatial transcriptomics allowed us to identify spatially restricted activation of metabolic and major morphogenetic signaling gradients derived from the vasculature and bone surfaces that establish microdomains within the marrow cavity. Overall, we demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of applying spatial transcriptomics to fully mineralized tissue and present a combined spatial and single-cell transcriptomic approach to define the cellular components of the stem cell niche, identify cell‒cell communication, and ultimately gain a comprehensive understanding of local and global SSPC regulatory networks within calcified tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Conan Juan
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tingsheng Drennon
- Department of Cell Biology & Applications, 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Cedric R Uytingco
- Department of Cell Biology & Applications, 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Neda Vishlaghi
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dimitri Sokolowskei
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mimi C Sammarco
- Department of Surgery, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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12
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Liu Y, Yao X, Fan C, Zhang G, Luo X, Qian Y. Microfabrication and lab-on-a-chip devices promote in vitromodeling of neural interfaces for neuroscience researches and preclinical applications. Biofabrication 2023; 16:012002. [PMID: 37832555 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad032a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural tissues react to injuries through the orchestration of cellular reprogramming, generating specialized cells and activating gene expression that helps with tissue remodeling and homeostasis. Simplified biomimetic models are encouraged to amplify the physiological and morphological changes during neural regeneration at cellular and molecular levels. Recent years have witnessed growing interest in lab-on-a-chip technologies for the fabrication of neural interfaces. Neural system-on-a-chip devices are promisingin vitromicrophysiological platforms that replicate the key structural and functional characteristics of neural tissues. Microfluidics and microelectrode arrays are two fundamental techniques that are leveraged to address the need for microfabricated neural devices. In this review, we explore the innovative fabrication, mechano-physiological parameters, spatiotemporal control of neural cell cultures and chip-based neurogenesis. Although the high variability in different constructs, and the restriction in experimental and analytical access limit the real-life applications of microphysiological models, neural system-on-a-chip devices have gained considerable translatability for modeling neuropathies, drug screening and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyun Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
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13
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Li B, Li J, Fan Y, Zhao Z, Li L, Okano H, Ouchi T. Dissecting calvarial bones and sutures at single-cell resolution. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:1749-1767. [PMID: 37171117 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cranial bones constitute a protective shield for the vulnerable brain tissue, bound together as a rigid entity by unique immovable joints known as sutures. Cranial sutures serve as major growth centres for calvarial morphogenesis and have been identified as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and/or skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in the craniofacial skeleton. Despite the established dogma of cranial bone and suture biology, technological advancements now allow us to investigate these tissues and structures at unprecedented resolution and embrace multiple novel biological insights. For instance, a decrease or imbalance of representation of SSCs within sutures might underlie craniosynostosis; dural sinuses enable neuroimmune crosstalk and are newly defined as immune hubs; skull bone marrow acts as a myeloid cell reservoir for the meninges and central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma in mediating immune surveillance, etc. In this review, we revisit a growing body of recent studies that explored cranial bone and suture biology using cutting-edge techniques and have expanded our current understanding of this research field, especially from the perspective of development, homeostasis, injury repair, resident MSCs/SSCs, immunosurveillance at the brain's border, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jingya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1608582, Japan
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, 3510198, Japan
| | - Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 1010061, Japan
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14
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Tseng KC, Crump JG. Craniofacial developmental biology in the single-cell era. Development 2023; 150:dev202077. [PMID: 37812056 PMCID: PMC10617621 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of a unique craniofacial complex in vertebrates made possible new ways of breathing, eating, communicating and sensing the environment. The head and face develop through interactions of all three germ layers, the endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm, as well as the so-called fourth germ layer, the cranial neural crest. Over a century of experimental embryology and genetics have revealed an incredible diversity of cell types derived from each germ layer, signaling pathways and genes that coordinate craniofacial development, and how changes to these underlie human disease and vertebrate evolution. Yet for many diseases and congenital anomalies, we have an incomplete picture of the causative genomic changes, in particular how alterations to the non-coding genome might affect craniofacial gene expression. Emerging genomics and single-cell technologies provide an opportunity to obtain a more holistic view of the genes and gene regulatory elements orchestrating craniofacial development across vertebrates. These single-cell studies generate novel hypotheses that can be experimentally validated in vivo. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in single-cell studies of diverse craniofacial structures, as well as potential pitfalls and the need for extensive in vivo validation. We discuss how these studies inform the developmental sources and regulation of head structures, bringing new insights into the etiology of structural birth anomalies that affect the vertebrate head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chang Tseng
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - J. Gage Crump
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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15
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Kim SH, Park JY, Lee YH. Anatomical features of the GV20 acupoint. Integr Med Res 2023; 12:100919. [PMID: 36632131 PMCID: PMC9826820 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2022.100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Kim
- Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, The Catholic University of Korea, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea,Corresponding author at: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, South Korea.
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16
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Application of Single-Cell and Spatial Omics in Musculoskeletal Disorder Research. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032271. [PMID: 36768592 PMCID: PMC9917071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders, including fractures, scoliosis, heterotopic ossification, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, disc degeneration, and muscular injury, etc., can occur at any stage of human life. Understanding the occurrence and development mechanism of musculoskeletal disorders, as well as the changes in tissues and cells during therapy, might help us find targeted treatment methods. Single-cell techniques provide excellent tools for studying alterations at the cellular level of disorders. However, the application of these techniques in research on musculoskeletal disorders is still limited. This review summarizes the current single-cell and spatial omics used in musculoskeletal disorders. Cell isolation, experimental methods, and feasible experimental designs for single-cell studies of musculoskeletal system diseases have been reviewed based on tissue characteristics. Then, the paper summarizes the latest findings of single-cell studies in musculoskeletal disorders from three aspects: bone and ossification, joint, and muscle and tendon disorders. Recent discoveries about the cell populations involved in these diseases are highlighted. Furthermore, the therapeutic responses of musculoskeletal disorders, especially single-cell changes after the treatments of implants, stem cell therapies, and drugs are described. Finally, the application potential and future development directions of single-cell and spatial omics in research on musculoskeletal diseases are discussed.
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17
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Pei F, Ma L, Jing J, Feng J, Yuan Y, Guo T, Han X, Ho TV, Lei J, He J, Zhang M, Chen JF, Chai Y. Sensory nerve niche regulates mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis via FGF/mTOR/autophagy axis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:344. [PMID: 36670126 PMCID: PMC9859800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in microenvironments, referred to as niches, which provide structural support and molecular signals. Sensory nerves are niche components in the homeostasis of tissues such as skin, bone marrow and hematopoietic system. However, how the sensory nerve affects the behavior of MSCs remains largely unknown. Here we show that the sensory nerve is vital for mesenchymal tissue homeostasis and maintenance of MSCs in the continuously growing adult mouse incisor. Loss of sensory innervation leads to mesenchymal disorder and a decrease in MSCs. Mechanistically, FGF1 from the sensory nerve directly acts on MSCs by binding to FGFR1 and activates the mTOR/autophagy axis to sustain MSCs. Modulation of mTOR/autophagy restores the MSCs and rescues the mesenchymal tissue disorder of Fgfr1 mutant mice. Collectively, our study provides insights into the role of sensory nerves in the regulation of MSC homeostasis and the mechanism governing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ma
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xia Han
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jie Lei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jinzhi He
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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18
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Hallmarks of peripheral nerve function in bone regeneration. Bone Res 2023; 11:6. [PMID: 36599828 PMCID: PMC9813170 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal tissue is highly innervated. Although different types of nerves have been recently identified in the bone, the crosstalk between bone and nerves remains unclear. In this review, we outline the role of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in bone regeneration following injury. We first introduce the conserved role of nerves in tissue regeneration in species ranging from amphibians to mammals. We then present the distribution of the PNS in the skeletal system under physiological conditions, fractures, or regeneration. Furthermore, we summarize the ways in which the PNS communicates with bone-lineage cells, the vasculature, and immune cells in the bone microenvironment. Based on this comprehensive and timely review, we conclude that the PNS regulates bone regeneration through neuropeptides or neurotransmitters and cells in the peripheral nerves. An in-depth understanding of the roles of peripheral nerves in bone regeneration will inform the development of new strategies based on bone-nerve crosstalk in promoting bone repair and regeneration.
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19
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Jiao B, Zhang M, Zhang C, Cao X, Liu B, Li N, Sun J, Zhang X. Transcriptomics reveals the effects of NTRK1 on endoplasmic reticulum stress response-associated genes in human neuronal cell lines. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15219. [PMID: 37070091 PMCID: PMC10105561 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background NTRK1 gene, encoding TrkA, is essential for the nervous system and drives a variety of biological processes, including pain. Given the unsatisfied analgesic effects of some new drugs targeting NTRK1 in clinic, a deeper understanding for the mechanism of NTRK1 in neurons is crucial. Methods We assessed the transcriptional responses in SH-SY5Y cells with NTRK1 overexpression using bioinformatics analysis. GO and KEGG analyses were performed, PPI networks were constructed, and the functional modules and top 10 genes were screened. Subsequently, hub genes were validated using RT-qPCR. Results A total of 419 DEGs were identified, including 193 upregulated and 226 downregulated genes. GO showed that upregulated genes were mainly enriched in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, protein folding in ER, etc., and downregulated genes were highly enriched in a series of cellular parts and cellular processes. KEGG showed DEGs were enriched in protein processing in ER and pathways associated with cell proliferation and migration. The finest module was dramatically enriched in the ER stress response-related biological process. The verified seven hub genes consisted of five upregulated genes (COL1A1, P4HB, HSPA5, THBS1, and XBP1) and two downregulated genes (CCND1 and COL3A1), and almost all were correlated with response to ER stress. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that NTRK1 significantly influenced the gene transcription of ER stress response in SH-SY5Y cells. It indicated that ER stress response could contribute to various functions of NTRK1-dependent neurons, and therefore, ER stress response-associated genes need further study for neurological dysfunction implicated in NTRK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xueqin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Baowen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ningbo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiaoli Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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20
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Jing J, Zhang M, Guo T, Pei F, Yang Y, Chai Y. Rodent incisor as a model to study mesenchymal stem cells in tissue homeostasis and repair. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.1068494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostasis of adult tissues, such as skin, hair, blood, and bone, requires continuous generation of differentiated progeny of stem cells. The rodent incisor undergoes constant renewal and can provide an extraordinary model for studying stem cells and their progeny in adult tissue homeostasis, cell differentiation and injury-induced regeneration. Meanwhile, cellular heterogeneity in the mouse incisor also provides an opportunity to study cell-cell communication between different cell types, including interactions between stem cells and their niche environment. More importantly, the molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms revealed by the mouse incisor have broad implications for other organs. Here we review recent findings and advances using the mouse incisor as a model, including perspectives on the heterogeneity of cells in the mesenchyme, the niche environment, and signaling networks that regulate stem cell behavior. The progress from this field will not only expand the knowledge of stem cells and organogenesis, but also bridge a gap between animal models and tissue regeneration.
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21
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Qin Q, Lee S, Patel N, Walden K, Gomez-Salazar M, Levi B, James AW. Neurovascular coupling in bone regeneration. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1844-1849. [PMID: 36446849 PMCID: PMC9722927 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian skeletal system is densely innervated by both neural and vascular networks. Peripheral nerves in the skeleton include sensory and sympathetic nerves. The crosstalk between skeletal and neural tissues is critical for skeletal development and regeneration. The cellular processes of osteogenesis and angiogenesis are coupled in both physiological and pathophysiological contexts. The cellular and molecular regulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis have yet to be fully defined. This review will provide a detailed characterization of the regulatory role of nerves and blood vessels during bone regeneration. Furthermore, given the importance of the spatial relationship between nerves and blood vessels in bone, we discuss neurovascular coupling during physiological and pathological bone formation. A better understanding of the interactions between nerves and blood vessels will inform future novel therapeutic neural and vascular targeting for clinical bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Qin
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Seungyong Lee
- grid.260024.20000 0004 0627 4571Department of Physiology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308 USA ,grid.412977.e0000 0004 0532 7395Department of Physical Education, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012 South Korea
| | - Nirali Patel
- grid.260024.20000 0004 0627 4571Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308 USA
| | - Kalah Walden
- grid.260024.20000 0004 0627 4571Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308 USA
| | - Mario Gomez-Salazar
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Departments of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Aaron W. James
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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22
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Spatially aware dimension reduction for spatial transcriptomics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7203. [PMID: 36418351 PMCID: PMC9684472 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial transcriptomics are a collection of genomic technologies that have enabled transcriptomic profiling on tissues with spatial localization information. Analyzing spatial transcriptomic data is computationally challenging, as the data collected from various spatial transcriptomic technologies are often noisy and display substantial spatial correlation across tissue locations. Here, we develop a spatially-aware dimension reduction method, SpatialPCA, that can extract a low dimensional representation of the spatial transcriptomics data with biological signal and preserved spatial correlation structure, thus unlocking many existing computational tools previously developed in single-cell RNAseq studies for tailored analysis of spatial transcriptomics. We illustrate the benefits of SpatialPCA for spatial domain detection and explores its utility for trajectory inference on the tissue and for high-resolution spatial map construction. In the real data applications, SpatialPCA identifies key molecular and immunological signatures in a detected tumor surrounding microenvironment, including a tertiary lymphoid structure that shapes the gradual transcriptomic transition during tumorigenesis and metastasis. In addition, SpatialPCA detects the past neuronal developmental history that underlies the current transcriptomic landscape across tissue locations in the cortex.
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23
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Ang PS, Matrongolo MJ, Zietowski ML, Nathan SL, Reid RR, Tischfield MA. Cranium growth, patterning and homeostasis. Development 2022; 149:dev201017. [PMID: 36408946 PMCID: PMC9793421 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Craniofacial development requires precise spatiotemporal regulation of multiple signaling pathways that crosstalk to coordinate the growth and patterning of the skull with surrounding tissues. Recent insights into these signaling pathways and previously uncharacterized progenitor cell populations have refined our understanding of skull patterning, bone mineralization and tissue homeostasis. Here, we touch upon classical studies and recent advances with an emphasis on developmental and signaling mechanisms that regulate the osteoblast lineage for the calvaria, which forms the roof of the skull. We highlight studies that illustrate the roles of osteoprogenitor cells and cranial suture-derived stem cells for proper calvarial growth and homeostasis. We also discuss genes and signaling pathways that control suture patency and highlight how perturbing the molecular regulation of these pathways leads to craniosynostosis. Finally, we discuss the recently discovered tissue and signaling interactions that integrate skull and cerebrovascular development, and the potential implications for both cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics and brain waste clearance in craniosynostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip S. Ang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matt J. Matrongolo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | | | - Shelby L. Nathan
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Max A. Tischfield
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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24
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Cherief M, Negri S, Qin Q, Pagani CA, Lee S, Yang YP, Clemens TL, Levi B, James AW. TrkA+ Neurons Induce Pathologic Regeneration After Soft Tissue Trauma. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1165-1176. [PMID: 36222619 PMCID: PMC9672853 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a dynamic, complex pathologic process that often occurs after severe polytrauma trauma, resulting in an abnormal mesenchymal stem cell differentiation leading to ectopic bone growth in soft-tissues including tendons, ligaments, and muscles. The abnormal bone structure and location induce pain and loss of mobility. Recently, we observed that NGF (Nerve growth factor)-responsive TrkA (Tropomyosin receptor kinase A)-expressing nerves invade sites of soft-tissue trauma, and this is a necessary feature for heterotopic bone formation at sites of injury. Here, we assayed the effects of the partial TrkA agonist Gambogic amide (GA) in peritendinous heterotopic bone after extremity trauma. Mice underwent HO induction using the burn/tenotomy model with or without systemic treatment with GA, followed by an examination of the injury site via radiographic imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Single-cell RNA Sequencing confirmed an increase in neurotrophin signaling activity after HO-inducing extremity trauma. Next, TrkA agonism led to injury site hyper-innervation, more brisk expression of cartilage antigens within the injured tendon, and a shift from FGF to TGFβ signaling activity among injury site cells. Nine weeks after injury, this culminated in higher overall levels of heterotopic bone among GA-treated animals. In summary, these studies further link injury site hyper-innervation with increased vascular ingrowth and ultimately heterotopic bone after trauma. In the future, modulation of TrkA signaling may represent a potent means to prevent the trauma-induced heterotopic bone formation and improve tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masnsen Cherief
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chase A Pagani
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern, TX, USA
| | - Seungyong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas L Clemens
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern, TX, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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25
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Chai RC. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing: Unravelling the Bone One Cell at a Time. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:356-362. [PMID: 35915289 PMCID: PMC9522837 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00735-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bone is a complex tissue populated by a highly heterogeneous mix of cell types in different compartments. The endosteal compartment is a key site for bone remodelling and provides a supportive microenvironment to harbour haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as cancer cells that grow in bone. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings of studies in bone using single-cell RNA sequencing and emergent spatial RNA sequencing to describe different bone-resident cell types and their molecular programs. RECENT FINDINGS Single-cell RNA sequencing identified novel and transcriptionally distinct cell clusters within different bone cell lineages, including MSCs, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, osteoclasts and cells of the vasculature. Spatial transcriptomics methods provide information on the localization of the different cell populations. Single-cell transcriptomics provided valuable insights into long-standing knowledge gaps in the cellular heterogeneity of bone-resident cells in unprecedented detail, paving the way for studies to further investigate the different cell populations and to develop cell-based therapies for bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Chai
- Bone Biology Laboratory, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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26
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Qin Q, Gomez-Salazar M, Cherief M, Pagani CA, Lee S, Hwang C, Tower RJ, Onggo S, Sun Y, Piplani A, Li Z, Ramesh S, Clemens TL, Levi B, James AW. Neuron-to-vessel signaling is a required feature of aberrant stem cell commitment after soft tissue trauma. Bone Res 2022; 10:43. [PMID: 35641477 PMCID: PMC9156761 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional interdependence of nerves and blood vessels is a well-established concept during tissue morphogenesis, yet the role of neurovascular coupling in proper and aberrant tissue repair is an emerging field of interest. Here, we sought to define the regulatory relationship of peripheral nerves on vasculature in a severe extremity trauma model in mice, which results in aberrant cell fate and heterotopic ossification (HO). First, a high spatial degree of neurovascular congruency was observed to exist within extremity injury associated heterotopic ossification. Vascular and perivascular cells demonstrate characteristic responses to injury, as assessed by single cell RNA sequencing. This vascular response to injury was blunted in neurectomized mice, including a decrease in endothelial proliferation and type H vessel formation, and a downregulation of key transcriptional networks associated with angiogenesis. Independent mechanisms to chemically or genetically inhibit axonal ingrowth led to similar deficits in HO site angiogenesis, a reduction in type H vessels, and heterotopic bone formation. Finally, a combination of single cell transcriptomic approaches within the dorsal root ganglia identified key neural-derived angiogenic paracrine factors that may mediate neuron-to-vascular signaling in HO. These data provide further understanding of nerve-to-vessel crosstalk in traumatized soft tissues, which may reflect a key determinant of mesenchymal progenitor cell fate after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Qin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mario Gomez-Salazar
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Masnsen Cherief
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Chase A Pagani
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern, TX, USA
| | - Seungyong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Charles Hwang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Robert J Tower
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern, TX, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sharon Onggo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern, TX, USA
| | - Abhinav Piplani
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Thomas L Clemens
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas, Southwestern, TX, USA.
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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27
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Tower RJ, Busse E, Jaramillo J, Lacey M, Hoffseth K, Guntur AR, Simkin J, Sammarco MC. Spatial transcriptomics reveals metabolic changes underly age-dependent declines in digit regeneration. eLife 2022; 11:71542. [PMID: 35616636 PMCID: PMC9135401 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo limb regeneration after amputation is restricted in mammals to the distal digit tip. Central to this regenerative process is the blastema, a heterogeneous population of lineage-restricted, dedifferentiated cells that ultimately orchestrates regeneration of the amputated bone and surrounding soft tissue. To investigate skeletal regeneration, we made use of spatial transcriptomics to characterize the transcriptional profile specifically within the blastema. Using this technique, we generated a gene signature with high specificity for the blastema in both our spatial data, as well as other previously published single-cell RNA-sequencing transcriptomic studies. To elucidate potential mechanisms distinguishing regenerative from non-regenerative healing, we applied spatial transcriptomics to an aging model. Consistent with other forms of repair, our digit amputation mouse model showed a significant impairment in regeneration in aged mice. Contrasting young and aged mice, spatial analysis revealed a metabolic shift in aged blastema associated with an increased bioenergetic requirement. This enhanced metabolic turnover was associated with increased hypoxia and angiogenic signaling, leading to excessive vascularization and altered regenerated bone architecture in aged mice. Administration of the metabolite oxaloacetate decreased the oxygen consumption rate of the aged blastema and increased WNT signaling, leading to enhanced in vivo bone regeneration. Thus, targeting cell metabolism may be a promising strategy to mitigate aging-induced declines in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Tower
- Department of Orthopaedics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Emily Busse
- Department of Surgery, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Josue Jaramillo
- Department of Surgery, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Michelle Lacey
- Department of Mathematics, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States
| | - Kevin Hoffseth
- Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, United States
| | - Anyonya R Guntur
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, United States
| | - Jennifer Simkin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, United States
| | - Mimi C Sammarco
- Department of Surgery, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
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