1
|
Kagohashi K, Sasaki Y, Ozawa K, Tsuchiya T, Kawahara S, Saitoh K, Ichii M, Toda J, Harada Y, Kubo M, Kitai Y, Muromoto R, Oritani K, Kashiwakura JI, Matsuda T. Role of Signal-Transducing Adaptor Protein-1 for T Cell Activation and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Demyelination and Airway Inflammation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:951-961. [PMID: 38315039 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP)-1 is an adaptor protein that is widely expressed in T cells. In this article, we show that STAP-1 upregulates TCR-mediated T cell activation and T cell-mediated airway inflammation. Using STAP-1 knockout mice and STAP-1-overexpressing Jurkat cells, we found that STAP-1 enhanced TCR signaling, resulting in increased calcium mobilization, NFAT activity, and IL-2 production. Upon TCR engagement, STAP-1 binding to ITK promoted formation of ITK-LCK and ITK-phospholipase Cγ1 complexes to induce downstream signaling. Consistent with the results, STAP-1 deficiency reduced the severity of symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that STAP-1 is essential for accumulation of T cells and Ifng and Il17 expression in spinal cords after experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. Th1 and Th17 development was also attenuated in STAP-1 knockout naive T cells. Taken together, STAP-1 enhances TCR signaling and plays a role in T cell-mediated immune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kagohashi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuto Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsuchiya
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shoya Kawahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kodai Saitoh
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michiko Ichii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Toda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Harada
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryuta Muromoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kashiwakura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maust BS, Petkov S, Herrera C, Feng C, Brown BP, Lebina L, Opoka D, Ssemata A, Pillay N, Serwanga J, Seatlholo P, Namubiru P, Odoch G, Mugaba S, Seiphetlo T, Gray CM, Kaleebu P, Webb EL, Martinson N, Chiodi F, Fox J, Jaspan HB. Bacterial microbiome and host inflammatory gene expression in foreskin tissue. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22145. [PMID: 38053902 PMCID: PMC10694185 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The penile epithelial microbiome remains underexplored. We sequenced human RNA and a segment of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from the foreskin tissue of 144 adolescents from South Africa and Uganda collected during penile circumcision after receipt of 1-2 doses of placebo, emtricitabine + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, or emtricitabine + tenofovir alafenamide to investigate the microbiome of foreskin tissue and its potential changes with antiretroviral use. We identified a large number of anaerobic species, including Corynebacterium acnes, which was detected more frequently in participants from South Africa than Uganda. Bacterial populations did not differ by treatment received, and no differentially abundant taxa were identified between placebo versus active drug recipients. The relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa was negatively correlated with expression of genes downstream of the innate immune response to bacteria and regulation of inflammation. Our results show no difference in the tissue microbiome of the foreskin with short-course antiretroviral use but that bacterial taxa were largely inversely correlated with inflammatory gene expression, consistent with commensal colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S. Maust
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Stefan Petkov
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Carolina Herrera
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Colin Feng
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Bryan P. Brown
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Limakatso Lebina
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Daniel Opoka
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Andrew Ssemata
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Natasha Pillay
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Jennifer Serwanga
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Portia Seatlholo
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Patricia Namubiru
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Geoffrey Odoch
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Susan Mugaba
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Thabiso Seiphetlo
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Clive M. Gray
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Pontiano Kaleebu
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Emily L. Webb
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Neil Martinson
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
| | - Francesca Chiodi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Julie Fox
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Kings College, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Heather B. Jaspan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - CHAPS team
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Dept of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
- Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Kings College, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang X, Ji C, Qi Y, Huang J, Hu L, Zhou Y, Zou L, Xia Y, Tan F, Yao Y, Chen D. Signal-transducing adaptor protein 1 (STAP1) in microglia promotes the malignant progression of glioma. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:127-139. [PMID: 37462801 PMCID: PMC10462508 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the most malignant primary brain tumor with a poor survival time. The tumour microenvironment, especially glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), plays an important role in the pathogenesis of glioma. Currently, microglia (CD11b+/CD45Low) and macrophages (CD11b+/CD45High) are distinguished as distinct cell types due to their different origins. Moreover, signal-transducing adaptor protein 1 (STAP1) plays a role in tumourigenesis and immune responses. However, to date, no studies have been reported on STAP1 in GAMs. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases were used to investigate the association between STAP1 mRNA levels and clinical parameters (grades, mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase, and overall survival). RNA-sequencing, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to detect the expression level of STAP1 and related proteins. BV-2 cells were used to construct a STAP1-overexpressing cell line. Phagocytosis of BV-2 cells was assessed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. C57BL/6 mice were used to establish orthotopic and subcutaneous glioma mouse models. Glioma growth was monitored by bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS STAP1 expression in glioma-associated microglia is positively correlated with the degree of malignancy and poor prognosis of glioma. Moreover, STAP1 may promote M2-like polarisation by increasing ARG1 expression and inhibiting microglial phagocytosis of microglia. Increased ARG1 may be associated with the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Impaired phagocytosis may be associated with decreased cofilin and filopodia. CONCLUSION STAP1 is positively associated with the degree of glioma malignancy and may represent a potential novel therapeutic target for glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zou
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Xia
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Tan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China.
- Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kashiwakura JI, Oritani K, Matsuda T. The Functional Properties and Physiological Roles of Signal-Transducing Adaptor Protein-2 in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory and Immune Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123079. [PMID: 36551835 PMCID: PMC9776019 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptor molecules play a crucial role in signal transduction in immune cells. Several adaptor molecules, such as the linker for the activation of T cells (LAT) and SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa (SLP-76), are essential for T cell development and activation following T cell receptor (TCR) aggregation, suggesting that adaptor molecules are good therapeutic targets for T cell-mediated immune disorders, such as autoimmune diseases and allergies. Signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP)-2 is a member of the STAP family of adaptor proteins. STAP-2 functions as a scaffold for various intracellular proteins, including BRK, signal transducer, and activator of transcription (STAT)3, STAT5, and myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88). In T cells, STAP-2 is involved in stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α-induced migration, integrin-dependent cell adhesion, and Fas-mediated apoptosis. We previously reported the critical function of STAP-2 in TCR-mediated T cell activation and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Here, we review how STAP-2 affects the pathogenesis of T cell-mediated inflammation and immune diseases in order to develop novel STAP-2-targeting therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Kashiwakura
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo 0068585, Hokkaido, Japan
- Correspondence: (J.-i.K.); (T.M.); Tel.: +81-11-676-8738 (J.-i.K.); +81-11-706-3243 (T.M.); Fax: +81-11-676-8666 (J.-i.K.); +81-11-706-4990 (T.M.)
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 2868686, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 0600812, Hokkaido, Japan
- Correspondence: (J.-i.K.); (T.M.); Tel.: +81-11-676-8738 (J.-i.K.); +81-11-706-3243 (T.M.); Fax: +81-11-676-8666 (J.-i.K.); +81-11-706-4990 (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Matsuda T, Oritani K. Possible Therapeutic Applications of Targeting STAP Proteins in Cancer. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1810-1818. [PMID: 34853263 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP) family, including STAP-1 and STAP-2, contributes to a variety of intracellular signaling pathways. The proteins in this family contain typical structures for adaptor proteins, such as Pleckstrin homology in the N-terminal regions and SRC homology 2 domains in the central regions. STAP proteins bind to inhibitor of kappaB kinase complex, breast tumor kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and STAT5, during tumorigenesis and inflammatory/immune responses. STAP proteins positively or negatively regulate critical steps in intracellular signaling pathways through individually unique mechanisms. This article reviews the roles of the novel STAP family and the possible therapeutic applications of targeting STAP proteins in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ichii M, Oritani K, Toda J, Hosen N, Matsuda T, Kanakura Y. Signal-transducing adaptor protein-1 and protein-2 in hematopoiesis and diseases. Exp Hematol 2021; 105:10-17. [PMID: 34780812 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory and immune signals are involved in stressed hematopoiesis under myeloablation, infection, chronic inflammation, and aging. These signals also affect malignant pathogenesis, and the dysregulated immune environment which causes the resistance to treatment. On activation, various types of protein tyrosine kinases in the cytoplasm mediate the cascade, leading to the transcription of target genes in the nucleus. Adaptor molecules are commonly defined as proteins that lack enzymatic activity, DNA-binding or receptor functions and possess protein-protein or protein-lipid interaction domains. By binding to specific domains of signaling molecules, adaptor proteins adjust the signaling responses after the ligation of receptors of soluble factors, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptors. The signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP) family regulates various intracellular signaling pathways. These proteins have a pleckstrin homology domain in the N-terminal region and an SRC-homology 2-like domain in the central region, representing typical binding structures as adapter proteins. Following the elucidation of the effects of STAPs on terminally differentiated immune cells, such as macrophages, T cells, mast cells, and basophils, recent findings have indicated the critical roles of STAP-2 in B-cell progenitor cells in marrow under hematopoietic stress and STAP-1 and -2 in BCR-ABL-transduced leukemogenesis. In this review, we focus on the role of STAPs in the bone marrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Ichii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Jun Toda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Hosen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Kanakura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Sumitomo Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 has a nonredundant role for IL-33-triggered mast cell activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 572:80-85. [PMID: 34358967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP)-2 is one of the STAP family adaptor proteins and ubiquitously expressed in a variety types of cells. Although STAP-2 is required for modification of FcεRI signal transduction in mast cells, other involvement of STAP-2 in mast cell functions is unknown, yet. In the present study, we mainly investigated functional roles of STAP-2 in IL-33-induced mast cell activation. In STAP-2-deficient, but not STAP-1-deficient, mast cells, IL-33-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production was significantly decreased compared with that of wild-type mast cells. In addition, STAP-2-deficiency greatly reduced TLR4-mediated mast cell activation and cytokine production. For the mechanisms, STAP-2 directly binds to IKKα after IL-33 stimulation, leading to elevated NF-κB activity. In conclusion, STAP-2, but not STAP-1, participates in IL-33-induced mast cells activation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ishiura M, Kitai Y, Kashiwakura JI, Muromoto R, Toda J, Ichii M, Oritani K, Matsuda T. Positive interactions between STAP-1 and BCR-ABL influence chronic myeloid leukemia cell proliferation and survival. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 556:185-191. [PMID: 33845308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal disease characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome and its oncogenic product, BCR-ABL, which activates multiple pathways involved in cell survival, growth promotion, and disease progression. We recently reported that signal-transducing adaptor protein 1 (STAP-1) is upregulated in CML stem cells (LSCs) and functions to reduce the apoptosis of CML LSCs by upregulating the STAT5-downstream anti-apoptotic genes. In this study, we demonstrate the detailed molecular interactions among BCR-ABL, STAP-1, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). Studies with deletion mutants have revealed that STAP-1 interacts with BCR-ABL and STAT5a through its SH2 and PH domains, respectively, suggesting the possible role of STAP-1 as a scaffold protein. Furthermore, the binding of STAP-1 to BCR-ABL stabilizes the BCR-ABL protein in CML cells. Since STAP-1 is highly expressed in CML cells, we also analyzed the STAP-1 promoter activity using a luciferase reporter construct and found that NFATc1 is involved in activating the STAP-1 promoter and inducing STAP-1 mRNA expression. Our results demonstrate that STAP-1 contributes to the BCR-ABL/STAT5 and BCR-ABL/Ca2+/NFAT signals to induce proliferation and STAP-1 mRNA expression in CML cells, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ishiura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kitai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kashiwakura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ryuta Muromoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Jun Toda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Michiko Ichii
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenji Oritani
- Department of Hematology, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kouzunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reticular Basement Membrane Thickness Is Associated with Growth- and Fibrosis-Promoting Airway Transcriptome Profile-Study in Asthma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22030998. [PMID: 33498209 PMCID: PMC7863966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling in asthma is characterized by reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening, likely related to epithelial structural and functional changes. Gene expression profiling of the airway epithelium might identify genes involved in bronchial structural alterations. We analyzed bronchial wall geometry (computed tomography (CT)), RBM thickness (histology), and the bronchial epithelium transcriptome profile (gene expression array) in moderate to severe persistent (n = 21) vs. no persistent (n = 19) airflow limitation asthmatics. RBM thickness was similar in the two studied subgroups. Among the genes associated with increased RBM thickness, the most essential were those engaged in cell activation, proliferation, and growth (e.g., CDK20, TACC2, ORC5, and NEK5) and inhibiting apoptosis (e.g., higher mRNA expression of RFN34, BIRC3, NAA16, and lower of RNF13, MRPL37, CACNA1G). Additionally, RBM thickness correlated with the expression of genes encoding extracellular matrix (ECM) components (LAMA3, USH2A), involved in ECM remodeling (LTBP1), neovascularization (FGD5, HPRT1), nerve functioning (TPH1, PCDHGC4), oxidative stress adaptation (RIT1, HSP90AB1), epigenetic modifications (OLMALINC, DNMT3A), and the innate immune response (STAP1, OAS2). Cluster analysis revealed that genes linked with RBM thickness were also related to thicker bronchial walls in CT. Our study suggests that the pro-fibrotic profile in the airway epithelial cell transcriptome is associated with a thicker RBM, and thus, may contribute to asthma airway remodeling.
Collapse
|
10
|
Singh D, Bassi M, Balzano D, Lucci G, Emirova A, Anna Nandeuil M, Jellema G, Afolabi EK, Leaker B, Kornmann O, Michael Beeh K, Watz H, Govoni M. COPD patients with chronic bronchitis and higher sputum eosinophil counts show increased type-2 and PDE4 gene expression in sputum. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:905-918. [PMID: 33295083 PMCID: PMC7812250 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with higher eosinophil counts are associated with increased clinical response to phosphodiesterase‐4‐inhibitors (PDE4i). However, the underlying inflammatory mechanisms associated with this increased response is not yet elucidated. This post hoc analysis focused on sputum gene expression in patients with chronic bronchitis who underwent 32‐day treatment with two doses of the inhaled PDE4i CHF6001 (tanimilast) or placebo on top of triple therapy. Biological characterization and treatment effects were assessed between patients with different sputum eosinophil levels (eosinophilhigh ≥ 3%; eosinophillow < 3%) at baseline (primary samples) or at the end of the treatment of the placebo arm (validation samples). Forty‐one genes were differentially expressed in primary samples (p‐adjusted for false discovery rate < 0.05); all up‐regulated in eosinophilhigh patients and functionally enriched for type‐2 and PDE4 inflammatory processes. Eleven out of nineteen genes having immune system biological processes annotations including IL5RA, ALOX15, IL1RL1, CLC, GATA1 and PDE4D were replicated using validation samples. The expression of a number of these inflammatory mediators was reduced by tanimilast treatment, with greater effects observed in eosinophilhigh patients. These findings suggest that type‐2 and PDE4 overexpression in COPD patients with higher sputum eosinophil counts contribute to the differential clinical response to PDE4i observed in previous clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dave Singh
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Hospital Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Aida Emirova
- Global Clinical Development, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Kornmann
- IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Henrik Watz
- Pulmonary Research Institute at Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Mirco Govoni
- Global Clinical Development, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Expression of signal-transducing adaptor protein-1 attenuates experimental autoimmune hepatitis via down-regulating activation and homeostasis of invariant natural killer T cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241440. [PMID: 33175848 PMCID: PMC7657518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Signal-transducing adaptor protein (STAP) family members function as adaptor molecules and are involved in several events during immune responses. Notably however, the biological functions of STAP-1 in other cells are not known. We aimed to investigate the functions of STAP-1 in invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and iNKT cell-dependent hepatitis. Methods We employed concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis and α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer)-induced hepatitis mouse models, both are models of iNKT cell-dependent autoimmune hepatitis, and STAP-1 overexpressing 2E10 cells to investigate the role of STAP-1 in iNKT cell activation in vivo an in vitro, respectively. Results After Con A- or α-GalCer-injection, hepatocyte necrotic areas and plasma alanine aminotransferase elevation were more severe in STAP-1 knockout (S1KO) mice and milder in lymphocyte-specific STAP-1 transgenic (S1Tg) mice, as compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Two events that may be related to Con A-induced and/or α-GalCer-induced hepatitis were influenced by STAP-1 manipulation. One is that iNKT cell populations in the livers and spleens were increased in S1KO mice and were decreased in S1Tg mice. The other is that Con A-induced interleukin-4 and interferon-γ production was attenuated by STAP-1 overexpression. These effects of STAP-1 were confirmed using 2E10 cells overexpressing STAP-1 that showed impairment of interleukin-4 and interferon-γ production as well as phosphorylation of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases in response to Con A stimulation. Conclusions These results conclude that STAP-1 regulates iNKT cell maintenance/activation, and is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis.
Collapse
|
12
|
Signal-transducing adapter protein-1 is required for maintenance of leukemic stem cells in CML. Oncogene 2020; 39:5601-5615. [PMID: 32661325 PMCID: PMC7441008 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The family of signal-transducing adapter proteins (STAPs) has been reported to be involved in a variety of intracellular signaling pathways and implicated as transcriptional factors. We previously cloned STAP-2 as a c-Fms interacting protein and explored its effects on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) leukemogenesis. STAP-2 binds to BCR-ABL, upregulates BCR-ABL phosphorylation, and activates its downstream molecules. In this study, we evaluated the role of STAP-1, another member of the STAP family, in CML pathogenesis. We found that the expression of STAP-1 is aberrantly upregulated in CML stem cells (LSCs) in patients’ bone marrow. Using experimental model mice, deletion of STAP-1 prolonged the survival of CML mice with inducing apoptosis of LSCs. The impaired phosphorylation status of STAT5 by STAP-1 ablation leads to downregulation of antiapoptotic genes, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Interestingly, transcriptome analyses indicated that STAP-1 affects several signaling pathways related to BCR-ABL, JAK2, and PPARγ. This adapter protein directly binds to not only BCR-ABL, but also STAT5 proteins, showing synergistic effects of STAP-1 inhibition and BCR-ABL or JAK2 tyrosine kinase inhibition. Our results identified STAP-1 as a regulator of CML LSCs and suggested it to be a potential therapeutic target for CML.
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Hegele
- From the Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada (R.A.H.)
| | - Joshua W. Knowles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA (J.W.K.)
| | - Jay D. Horton
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Genetics, Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (J.D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Loaiza N, Hartgers ML, Reeskamp LF, Balder JW, Rimbert A, Bazioti V, Wolters JC, Winkelmeijer M, Jansen HPG, Dallinga-Thie GM, Volta A, Huijkman N, Smit M, Kloosterhuis N, Koster M, Svendsen AF, van de Sluis B, Hovingh GK, Grefhorst A, Kuivenhoven JA. Taking One Step Back in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: STAP1 Does Not Alter Plasma LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol in Mice and Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:973-985. [PMID: 31996024 PMCID: PMC7098433 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE STAP1, encoding for STAP1 (signal transducing adaptor family member 1), has been reported as a candidate gene associated with familial hypercholesterolemia. Unlike established familial hypercholesterolemia genes, expression of STAP1 is absent in liver but mainly observed in immune cells. In this study, we set out to validate STAP1 as a familial hypercholesterolemia gene. Approach and Results: A whole-body Stap1 knockout mouse model (Stap1-/-) was generated and characterized, without showing changes in plasma lipid levels compared with controls. In follow-up studies, bone marrow from Stap1-/- mice was transplanted to Ldlr-/- mice, which did not show significant changes in plasma lipid levels or atherosclerotic lesions. To functionally assess whether STAP1 expression in B cells can affect hepatic function, HepG2 cells were cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from heterozygotes carriers of STAP1 variants and controls. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from STAP1 variant carriers and controls showed similar LDLR mRNA and protein levels. Also, LDL (low-density lipoprotein) uptake by HepG2 cells did not differ upon coculturing with peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from either STAP1 variant carriers or controls. In addition, plasma lipid profiles of 39 carriers and 71 family controls showed no differences in plasma LDL cholesterol, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein(a) levels. Similarly, B-cell populations did not differ in a group of 10 STAP1 variant carriers and 10 age- and sex-matched controls. Furthermore, recent data from the UK Biobank do not show association between STAP1 rare gene variants and LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS Our combined studies in mouse models and carriers of STAP1 variants indicate that STAP1 is not a familial hypercholesterolemia gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Loaiza
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel L Hartgers
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.L.H., L.F.R., G.M.D.-T., G.K.H.)
| | - Laurens F Reeskamp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.L.H., L.F.R., G.M.D.-T., G.K.H.)
| | - Jan-Willem Balder
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Vascular Medicine (J.-W.B.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.-W.B.)
| | - Antoine Rimbert
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.,L'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, France (A.R.)
| | - Venetia Bazioti
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike Winkelmeijer
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.W., H.P.G.J., A.G.)
| | - Hans P G Jansen
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.W., H.P.G.J., A.G.)
| | - Geesje M Dallinga-Thie
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.L.H., L.F.R., G.M.D.-T., G.K.H.)
| | - Andrea Volta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy (A.V.)
| | - Nicolette Huijkman
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Smit
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Kloosterhuis
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Koster
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur F Svendsen
- Laboratory of Ageing Biology and Stem Cells, European Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA) (A.F.S.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.,iPSC/CRISPR Center Groningen (B.v.d.S.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.L.H., L.F.R., G.M.D.-T., G.K.H.)
| | - Aldo Grefhorst
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, the Netherlands (M.W., H.P.G.J., A.G.)
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section (N.L., J.-W.B., A.R., V.B., J.C.W., N.H., M.S., N.K., M.K., B.v.d.S., J.A.K.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Genes Potentially Associated with Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120807. [PMID: 31795497 PMCID: PMC6995538 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the contribution of some genes to the phenotype of familial hypercholesterolemia. At present, it is known that the pathogenesis of this disease involves not only a pathological variant of low-density lipoprotein receptor and its ligands (apolipoprotein B, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 or low-density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1), but also lipids, including sphingolipids, fatty acids, and sterols. The genetic cause of familial hypercholesterolemia is unknown in 20%–40% of the cases. The genes STAP1 (signal transducing adaptor family member 1), CYP7A1 (cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1), LIPA (lipase A, lysosomal acid type), ABCG5 (ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 5), ABCG8 (ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 8), and PNPLA5 (patatin like phospholipase domain containing 5), which can cause aberrations of lipid metabolism, are being evaluated as new targets for the diagnosis and personalized management of familial hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
|
16
|
Evaluation of the role of STAP1 in Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11995. [PMID: 31427613 PMCID: PMC6700100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterised by elevated serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and a substantial risk for cardiovascular disease. The autosomal-dominant FH is mostly caused by mutations in LDLR (low density lipoprotein receptor), APOB (apolipoprotein B), and PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin). Recently, STAP1 has been suggested as a fourth causative gene. We analyzed STAP1 in 75 hypercholesterolemic patients from Berlin, Germany, who are negative for mutations in canonical FH genes. In 10 patients with negative family history, we additionally screened for disease causing variants in LDLRAP1 (low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1), associated with autosomal-recessive hypercholesterolemia. We identified one STAP1 variant predicted to be disease causing. To evaluate association of serum lipid levels and STAP1 carrier status, we analyzed 20 individuals from a population based cohort, the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study, carrying rare STAP1 variants. Out of the same cohort we randomly selected 100 non-carriers as control. In the Berlin FH cohort STAP1 variants were rare. In the CHRIS cohort, we obtained no statistically significant differences between carriers and non-carriers of STAP1 variants with respect to lipid traits. Until such an association has been verified in more individuals with genetic variants in STAP1, we cannot estimate whether STAP1 generally is a causative gene for FH.
Collapse
|
17
|
Steeghs EMP, Bakker M, Hoogkamer AQ, Boer JM, Hartman QJ, Stalpers F, Escherich G, de Haas V, de Groot-Kruseman HA, Pieters R, den Boer ML. High STAP1 expression in DUX4-rearranged cases is not suitable as therapeutic target in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:693. [PMID: 29330417 PMCID: PMC5766593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 25% of the pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) cases are genetically unclassified. More thorough elucidation of the pathobiology of these genetically unclassified (‘B-other’) cases may identify novel treatment options. We analyzed gene expression profiles of 572 pediatric BCP-ALL cases, representing all major ALL subtypes. High expression of STAP1, an adaptor protein downstream of the B-cell receptor (BCR), was identified in BCR-ABL1-like and non-BCR-ABL1-like B-other cases. Limma analysis revealed an association between high expression of STAP1 and BCR signaling genes. However, STAP1 expression and pre-BCR signaling were not causally related: cytoplasmic Igμ levels were not abnormal in cases with high levels of STAP1 and stimulation of pre-BCR signaling did not induce STAP1 expression. To elucidate the role of STAP1 in BCP-ALL survival, expression was silenced in two human BCP-ALL cell lines. Knockdown of STAP1 did not reduce the proliferation rate or viability of these cells, suggesting that STAP1 is not a likely candidate for precision medicines. Moreover, high expression of STAP1 was not predictive for an unfavorable prognosis of BCR-ABL1-like and non-BCR-ABL1-like B-other cases. Remarkably, DUX4-rearrangements and intragenic ERG deletions, were enriched in cases harboring high expression of STAP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth M P Steeghs
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Bakker
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Q Hoogkamer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Boer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quirine J Hartman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Stalpers
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Escherich
- COALL - German Cooperative Study Group for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, University Medical Centre Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valerie de Haas
- DCOG, Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,DCOG, Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Monique L den Boer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,DCOG, Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, The Hague, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Musumeci F, Sanna M, Greco C, Giacchello I, Fallacara AL, Amato R, Schenone S. Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines active as Btk inhibitors. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2017; 27:1305-1318. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1355908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Musumeci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Sanna
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Greco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Giacchello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Fallacara
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Dipartimento di “Scienze della Salute”, Università “Magna Graecia” di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
La Venuta G, Wegehingel S, Sehr P, Müller HM, Dimou E, Steringer JP, Grotwinkel M, Hentze N, Mayer MP, Will DW, Uhrig U, Lewis JD, Nickel W. Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Tec Kinase Block Unconventional Secretion of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17787-803. [PMID: 27382052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.729384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a potent mitogen promoting both tumor cell survival and tumor-induced angiogenesis. It is secreted by an unconventional secretory mechanism that is based upon direct translocation across the plasma membrane. Key steps of this process are (i) phosphoinositide-dependent membrane recruitment, (ii) FGF2 oligomerization and membrane pore formation, and (iii) extracellular trapping mediated by membrane-proximal heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Efficient secretion of FGF2 is supported by Tec kinase that stimulates membrane pore formation based upon tyrosine phosphorylation of FGF2. Here, we report the biochemical characterization of the direct interaction between FGF2 and Tec kinase as well as the identification of small molecules that inhibit (i) the interaction of FGF2 with Tec, (ii) tyrosine phosphorylation of FGF2 mediated by Tec in vitro and in a cellular context, and (iii) unconventional secretion of FGF2 from cells. We further demonstrate the specificity of these inhibitors for FGF2 because tyrosine phosphorylation of a different substrate of Tec is unaffected in their presence. Building on previous evidence using RNA interference, the identified compounds corroborate the role of Tec kinase in unconventional secretion of FGF2. In addition, they are valuable lead compounds with great potential for drug development aiming at the inhibition of FGF2-dependent tumor growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe La Venuta
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Wegehingel
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Sehr
- the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany, and
| | - Hans-Michael Müller
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eleni Dimou
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia P Steringer
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mareike Grotwinkel
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Hentze
- the Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P Mayer
- the Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David W Will
- the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany, and
| | - Ulrike Uhrig
- the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany, and
| | - Joe D Lewis
- the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany, and
| | - Walter Nickel
- From the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis: the short-term and long-term effects on the patients' individual gene expression in peripheral blood. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:737-56. [PMID: 23636981 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8463-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Therapy with interferon-beta (IFN-beta) is a mainstay in the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), with proven long-term effectiveness and safety. Much has been learned about the molecular mechanisms of action of IFN-beta in the past years. Previous studies described more than a hundred genes to be modulated in expression in blood cells in response to the therapy. However, for many of these genes, the precise temporal expression pattern and the therapeutic relevance are unclear. We used Affymetrix microarrays to investigate in more detail the gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MS patients receiving subcutaneous IFN-beta-1a. The blood samples were obtained longitudinally at five different time points up to 2 years after the start of therapy, and the patients were clinically followed up for 5 years. We examined the functions of the genes that were upregulated or downregulated at the transcript level after short-term or long-term treatment. Moreover, we analyzed their mutual interactions and their regulation by transcription factors. Compared to pretreatment levels, 96 genes were identified as highly differentially expressed, many of them already after the first IFN-beta injection. The interactions between these genes form a large network with multiple feedback loops, indicating the complex crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune responses during therapy. We discuss the genes and biological processes that might be important to reduce disease activity by attenuating the proliferation of autoreactive immune cells and their migration into the central nervous system. In summary, we present novel insights that extend the current knowledge on the early and late pharmacodynamic effects of IFN-beta therapy and describe gene expression differences between the individual patients that reflect clinical heterogeneity.
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal allograft mucosa undergoes repopulation with host immunocytes. However, critical changes within key immunocyte subsets are not known. METHODS To explain acute cellular rejection after intestine transplantation (ITx) on the basis of altered mucosal immunocytes, rejecting and rejection-free ITx allografts (n=17) were compared with genome-wide expression arrays. Cells identified by cell/lineage-specific genes were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The corresponding phenotype and donor-specific alloreactivity were characterized in peripheral blood. Time-dependent changes in candidate cell(s) were evaluated in biopsies from an independent cohort of 12 children with ITx. RESULTS Among 107 differentially expressed genes, three B-cell lineage-specific genes, CCR10, STAP1, and IGLL1, were down-regulated during ITx rejection and were selected for and achieved technical quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction replication. Down-regulation of the immunoglobulin (Ig)A+ plasma cell-specific CCR10 gene correlated with decreased mature mucosal CD138+ plasma cell numbers in corresponding biopsy specimens (r=0.761, P=0.006) and inversely correlated with enhanced alloreactivity of CD154+ T-cytotoxic memory cells (r=-0.56, P=0.031), which predict acute cellular rejection with high sensitivity. An independent cohort of serial biopsy specimens from 12 ITx recipients (1) confirmed relative CD138+ plasma cell depletion during rejection (P=0.042) and (2) showed increased IgG+-to-IgA+ cell ratios within 4 hr of reperfusion in rejection-prone allografts (P=0.037) and during ITx rejection (P=0.025), compared with rejection-free allografts. No differences existed late after ITx. Increased peripheral IgG+ CD27+ CD19+ memory B cells (P=0.004) were seen during ITx rejection in archived peripheral blood lymphocyte from test and replication cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Protracted depletion of the mucosal CD138+ plasma cell barrier and early mucosal infiltration with memory IgG+ cells characterize the rejection-prone intestine allograft. Mucosal IgA+ plasma cell barrier reconstitution may augur resolution of ITx rejection.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lin YC, Hsiao CL, Hsieh AR, Lian IB, Fann CSJ. Using maximal segmental score in genome-wide association studies. Genet Epidemiol 2012; 36:594-601. [PMID: 22807216 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become the method of choice for identifying disease susceptibility genes in common disease genetics research. Despite successes in these studies, much of the heritability remains unexplained due to lack of power and low resolution. High-density genotyping arrays can now screen more than 5 million genetic markers. As a result, multiple comparison has become an important issue especially in the era of next-generation sequencing. We propose to use a two-stage maximal segmental score procedure (MSS) which uses region-specific empirical P-values to identify genomic segments most likely harboring the disease gene. We develop scoring systems based on Fisher's P-value combining method to convert locus-specific significance levels into region-specific scores. Through simulations, our result indicated that MSS increased the power to detect genetic association as compared with conventional methods provided type I error was at 5%. We demonstrated the application of MSS on a publicly available case-control dataset of Parkinson's disease and replicated the findings in the literature. MSS provides an efficient exploratory tool for high-density association data in the current era of next-generation sequencing. R source codes to implement the MSS procedure are freely available at http://www.csjfann.ibms.sinica.edu.tw/EAG/program/programlist.htm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chao Lin
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Extensive gene-specific translational reprogramming in a model of B cell differentiation and Abl-dependent transformation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37108. [PMID: 22693568 PMCID: PMC3365017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To what extent might the regulation of translation contribute to differentiation programs, or to the molecular pathogenesis of cancer? Pre-B cells transformed with the viral oncogene v-Abl are suspended in an immortalized, cycling state that mimics leukemias with a BCR-ABL1 translocation, such as Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Inhibition of the oncogenic Abl kinase with imatinib reverses transformation, allowing progression to the next stage of B cell development. We employed a genome-wide polysome profiling assay called Gradient Encoding to investigate the extent and potential contribution of translational regulation to transformation and differentiation in v-Abl-transformed pre-B cells. Over half of the significantly translationally regulated genes did not change significantly at the level of mRNA abundance, revealing biology that might have been missed by measuring changes in transcript abundance alone. We found extensive, gene-specific changes in translation affecting genes with known roles in B cell signaling and differentiation, cancerous transformation, and cytoskeletal reorganization potentially affecting adhesion. These results highlight a major role for gene-specific translational regulation in remodeling the gene expression program in differentiation and malignant transformation.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sekine Y. [Novel adaptor protein, STAP-2 functions as a signal modulator in immune system]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2010; 130:769-75. [PMID: 20519854 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.130.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 (STAP-2) was recently identified as a novel adaptor protein and is a family of STAP adaptor protein and has a variety of functions in cellular signal transductions. Especially STAP-2 has a crucial role in immune systems by controlling cytokine signal transduction. STAP-2 functionally interacts with STAT3 through its YXXQ motif and enhances STAT3 transcriptional activation. In contrast, STAP-2 interacts with STAT5 through its PH and SH2-like domains and decreases STAT5 activity. Importantly, STAP-2 also binds to MyD88 and IKK-alpha/beta and regulates LPS/TLR4 signaling. Moreover, STAP-2 interacts with Epstein-Barr virus-derived LMP1 and modulates LMP1-mediated NF-kappaB signaling. More importantly, experiments using STAP-2 deficient mice showed that STAP-2 modulated several T-cell functions. T-cells from STAP-2 deficient mice showed enhanced integrin-mediated cell adhesion to fibronectin. Furthermore STAP-2-deficient T-cells show reduced chemotaxis toward SDF-1alpha. These accumulated evidences indicate that novel adaptor protein STAP-2 plays an important modulator role in both of innate and adaptive immune systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Sekine
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kaneko T, Huang H, Zhao B, Li L, Liu H, Voss CK, Wu C, Schiller MR, Li SSC. Loops govern SH2 domain specificity by controlling access to binding pockets. Sci Signal 2010; 3:ra34. [PMID: 20442417 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cellular functions require specific protein-protein interactions that are often mediated by modular domains that use binding pockets to engage particular sequence motifs in their partners. Yet, how different members of a domain family select for distinct sequence motifs is not fully understood. The human genome encodes 120 Src homology 2 (SH2) domains (in 110 proteins), which mediate protein-protein interactions by binding to proteins with diverse phosphotyrosine (pTyr)-containing sequences. The structure of the SH2 domain of BRDG1 bound to a peptide revealed a binding pocket that was blocked by a loop residue in most other SH2 domains. Analysis of 63 SH2 domain structures suggested that the SH2 domains contain three binding pockets, which exhibit selectivity for the three positions after the pTyr in a peptide, and that SH2 domain loops defined the accessibility and shape of these pockets. Despite sequence variability in the loops, we identified conserved structural features in the loops of SH2 domains responsible for controlling access to these surface pockets. We engineered new loops in an SH2 domain that altered specificity as predicted. Thus, selective blockage of binding subsites or pockets by surface loops provides a molecular basis by which the diverse modes of ligand recognition by the SH2 domain may have evolved and provides a framework for engineering SH2 domains and designing SH2-specific inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Kaneko
- Department of Biochemistry and the Siebens-Drake Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Stoecker K, Weigelt K, Ebert S, Karlstetter M, Walczak Y, Langmann T. Induction of STAP-1 promotes neurotoxic activation of microglia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 379:121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
28
|
Xu W, Wang G, Deng J, Yang J, Zheng JJ, Wang HZ, Hu Q, Wang D, Li ZP, Yang ZX. Prokaryotic expression and purification of retinoic acid induced 16 interacting with Tec kinase domain. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:1350-1354. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i12.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct and purify an active region of prokaryotic expression vector retinoic acid induced 16 (RAI16) interacting with Tec kinase domain.
METHODS: TRAI16 cDNA sequence was synthesized, and then linked to pMD18-T vector. After enzyme digestion, the purified target fragment was linked to the expression vector pGEX4T-2, which was then transferred and screened. After the positive recombinants were transferred into human E.coil BL-21, the expression was induced by different concentrations of isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) at different temperatures and culture time periods. The expression products were analyzed by SDS-PAGE.
RESULTS: RAI16 cDNA was successfully cloned in pGEX4T-2 plasmid. Using 0.4 mmol/L IPTG at 30℃ for 4 h, the soluble target protein was expressed efficiently. SDS-PAGE revealed glutathione S-transferase-RAI16 fusion protein bands expressed mainly in the form of inclusion bodies.
CONCLUSION: High expression of the extracellular region of Tec fusion protein is attained using E.coil BL-21, and the soluble target protein without any additional amino acid is successfully purified.
Collapse
|
29
|
Li L, Wu C, Huang H, Zhang K, Gan J, Li SSC. Prediction of phosphotyrosine signaling networks using a scoring matrix-assisted ligand identification approach. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:3263-73. [PMID: 18424801 PMCID: PMC2425477 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systematic identification of binding partners for modular domains such as Src homology 2 (SH2) is important for understanding the biological function of the corresponding SH2 proteins. We have developed a worldwide web-accessible computer program dubbed SMALI for scoring matrix-assisted ligand identification for SH2 domains and other signaling modules. The current version of SMALI harbors 76 unique scoring matrices for SH2 domains derived from screening oriented peptide array libraries. These scoring matrices are used to search a protein database for short peptides preferred by an SH2 domain. An experimentally determined cut-off value is used to normalize an SMALI score, therefore allowing for direct comparison in peptide-binding potential for different SH2 domains. SMALI employs distinct scoring matrices from Scansite, a popular motif-scanning program. Moreover, SMALI contains built-in filters for phosphoproteins, Gene Ontology (GO) correlation and colocalization of subject and query proteins. Compared to Scansite, SMALI exhibited improved accuracy in identifying binding peptides for SH2 domains. Applying SMALI to a group of SH2 domains identified hundreds of interactions that overlap significantly with known networks mediated by the corresponding SH2 proteins, suggesting SMALI is a useful tool for facile identification of signaling networks mediated by modular domains that recognize short linear peptide motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and the Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huang H, Li L, Wu C, Schibli D, Colwill K, Ma S, Li C, Roy P, Ho K, Songyang Z, Pawson T, Gao Y, Li SSC. Defining the specificity space of the human SRC homology 2 domain. Mol Cell Proteomics 2007; 7:768-84. [PMID: 17956856 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m700312-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 (SH2) domains are the largest family of interaction modules encoded by the human genome to recognize tyrosine-phosphorylated sequences and thereby play pivotal roles in transducing and controlling cellular signals emanating from protein-tyrosine kinases. Different SH2 domains select for distinct phosphopeptides, and the function of a given SH2 domain is often dictated by the specific motifs that it recognizes. Therefore, deciphering the phosphotyrosyl peptide motif recognized by an SH2 domain is the key to understanding its cellular function. Here we cloned all 120 SH2 domains identified in the human genome and determined the phosphotyrosyl peptide binding properties of 76 SH2 domains by screening an oriented peptide array library. Of these 76, we defined the selectivity for 43 SH2 domains and refined the binding motifs for another 33 SH2 domains. We identified a number of novel binding motifs, which are exemplified by the BRDG1 SH2 domain that selects specifically for a bulky, hydrophobic residue at P + 4 relative to the Tyr(P) residue. Based on the oriented peptide array library data, we developed scoring matrix-assisted ligand identification (or SMALI), a Web-based program for predicting binding partners for SH2-containing proteins. When applied to SH2D1A/SAP (SLAM-associated protein), a protein whose mutation or deletion underlies the X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, SMALI not only recapitulated known interactions but also identified a number of novel interacting proteins for this disease-associated protein. SMALI also identified a number of potential interactors for BRDG1, a protein whose function is largely unknown. Peptide in-solution binding analysis demonstrated that a SMALI score correlates well with the binding energy of a peptide to a given SH2 domain. The definition of the specificity space of the human SH2 domain provides both the necessary molecular basis and a platform for future exploration of the functions for SH2-containing proteins in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
The Tec family of tyrosine kinases consists of five members (Itk, Rlk, Tec, Btk, and Bmx) that are expressed predominantly in hematopoietic cells. The exceptions, Tec and Bmx, are also found in endothelial cells. Tec kinases constitute the second largest family of cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases. While B cells express Btk and Tec, and T cells express Itk, Rlk, and Tec, all four of these kinases (Btk, Itk, Rlk, and Tec) can be detected in mast cells. This chapter will focus on the biochemical and cell biological data that have been accumulated regarding Itk, Rlk, Btk, and Tec. In particular, distinctions between the different Tec kinase family members will be highlighted, with a goal of providing insight into the unique functions of each kinase. The known functions of Tec kinases in T cell and mast cell signaling will then be described, with a particular focus on T cell receptor and mast cell Fc epsilon RI signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Felices
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yamada H, Arakawa Y, Saito S, Agawa M, Kano Y, Horiguchi-Yamada J. Depsipeptide-resistant KU812 cells show reversible P-glycoprotein expression, hyper-acetylated histones, and modulated gene expression profile. Leuk Res 2006; 30:723-34. [PMID: 16260035 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Depsipeptide (FK228), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, is a promising new anticancer agent. The mechanism of resistance to this agent was studied using KU812 cells. Depsipeptide-resistant KU812 cells expressed P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and their resistance was abolished by co-treatment with verapamil. P-gp expression returned to the parental cell level when resistant cells were cultured in depsipeptide-free medium, while resistant cells cultured in the medium containing 16 nM depsipeptide still showed hyper-acetylation of histones. Moreover, resistant cells showed erythroid differentiation. Microarray analysis revealed that 28 genes showed increased expression and three genes showed decreased expression in resistant cells compared with parental cells. These 31 genes had various functions relating to signal transduction, cell cycle, apoptosis, and control of cell morphology and differentiation. Among the 28 genes that were upregulated, 15 genes also showed an increased expression in parental cells treated with 4 nM depsipeptide for 48 h, while the other 13 genes including P-gp were different. Among the three genes with decreased expression, HEP27 was most dramatically downregulated. These findings suggest that continuous exposure to depsipeptide reversibly induces P-gp, which contributes to the onset of resistance, but the altered gene expression profile of resistant cells may also play a role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Yamada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishi-Shinbashi 3-25-8, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Feldhahn N, Klein F, Mooster JL, Hadweh P, Sprangers M, Wartenberg M, Bekhite MM, Hofmann WK, Herzog S, Jumaa H, Rowley JD, Müschen M. Mimicry of a constitutively active pre-B cell receptor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 201:1837-52. [PMID: 15939795 PMCID: PMC2213268 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20042101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Pre-B cells undergo apoptosis unless they are rescued by pre-B cell receptor-dependent survival signals. We previously showed that the BCR-ABL1 kinase that is expressed in pre-B lymphoblastic leukemia bypasses selection for pre-B cell receptor-dependent survival signals. Investigating possible interference of BCR-ABL1 with pre-B cell receptor signaling, we found that neither SYK nor SLP65 can be phosphorylated in response to pre-B cell receptor engagement. Instead, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is constitutively phosphorylated by BCR-ABL1. Activated BTK is essential for survival signals that otherwise would arise from the pre-B cell receptor, including activation of PLCgamma1, autonomous Ca2+ signaling, STAT5-phosphorylation, and up-regulation of BCLX(L). Inhibition of BTK activity specifically induces apoptosis in BCR-ABL1+ leukemia cells to a similar extent as inhibition of BCR-ABL1 kinase activity itself. However, BCR-ABL1 cannot directly bind to full-length BTK. Instead, BCR-ABL1 induces the expression of a truncated splice variant of BTK that acts as a linker between the two kinases. As opposed to full-length BTK, truncated BTK lacks kinase activity yet can bind to BCR-ABL1 through its SRC-homology domain 3. Acting as a linker, truncated BTK enables BCR-ABL1-dependent activation of full-length BTK, which initiates downstream survival signals and mimics a constitutively active pre-B cell receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Feldhahn
- Laboratory for Molecular Stem Cell Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sekine Y, Yamamoto T, Yumioka T, Sugiyama K, Tsuji S, Oritani K, Shimoda K, Minoguchi M, Yoshimura A, Matsuda T. Physical and Functional Interactions between STAP-2/BKS and STAT5. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:8188-96. [PMID: 15611091 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411692200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal-transducing adaptor protein family of proteins (STAPs), which currently contains two members, are proposed to be adaptor molecules because of their pleckstrin homology (PH) and Src-homology 2 (SH2)-like domains. STAP-1 has been shown to interact with STAT5 and the tyrosine kinase Tec. With regard to STAP-2/BKS functions, immunoprecipitation experiments and intracellular stainings revealed STAP-2/BKS binds STAT5 in several types of cells. Mutational studies revealed that the PH- and SH2-like domains of STAP-2/BKS interacted with the C-terminal region of STAT5. STAP-2/BKS and STAT5 were found to constitutively co-localize in the cytoplasm of resting cells, but STAP-2/BKS was found to dissociate upon STAT5 phosphorylation, suggesting a role in regulating signaling of STAT5. The physiological role of these interactions is not fully understood, but in studies of overexpression of STAP-2/BKS, cytokine-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and transcriptional activation of STAT5 was diminished. In addition, thymocytes from STAP-2/BKS-deficient mice showed the enhanced interleukin-2-dependent cell growth. Taken together, STAP-2/BKS is an additional modulator of STAT5-mediated signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Sekine
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Aoki N, Ueno S, Mano H, Yamasaki S, Shiota M, Miyazaki H, Yamaguchi-Aoki Y, Matsuda T, Ullrich A. Mutual regulation of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 20 and protein-tyrosine kinase Tec activities by tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2003; 279:10765-75. [PMID: 14679216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310401200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PTP20, also known as HSCF/protein-tyrosine phosphatase K1/fetal liver phosphatase 1/brain-derived phosphatase 1, is a cytosolic protein-tyrosine phosphatase with currently unknown biological relevance. We have identified that the nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase Tec-phosphorylated PTP20 on tyrosines and co-immunoprecipitated with the phosphatase in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner. The interaction between the two proteins involved the Tec SH2 domain and the C-terminal tyrosine residues Tyr-281, Tyr-303, Tyr-354, and Tyr-381 of PTP20, which were also necessary for tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. Association between endogenous PTP20 and Tec was also tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent in the immature B cell line Ramos. Finally, the Tyr-281 residue of PTP20 was shown to be critical for deactivating Tec in Ramos cells upon B cell receptor ligation as well as dephosphorylation and deactivation of Tec and PTP20 itself in transfected COS7 cells. Taken together, PTP20 appears to play a negative role in Tec-mediated signaling, and Tec-PTP20 interaction might represent a negative feedback mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohito Aoki
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Calame KL, Lin KI, Tunyaplin C. Regulatory mechanisms that determine the development and function of plasma cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2003; 21:205-30. [PMID: 12524387 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cells are terminally differentiated final effectors of the humoral immune response. Plasma cells that result from antigen activation of B-1 and marginal zone B cells provide the first, rapid response to antigen. Plasma cells that develop after a germinal center reaction provide higher-affinity antibody and often survive many months in the bone marrow. Transcription factors Bcl-6 and Pax5, which are required for germinal center B cells, block plasmacytic differentiation and repress Blimp-1 and XBP-1, respectively. When Bcl-6-dependent repression of Blimp-1 is relieved, Blimp-1 ensures that plasmacytic development is irreversible by repressing BCL-6 and PAX5. In plasma cells, Blimp-1, XBP-1, IRF4, and other regulators cause cessation of cell cycle, decrease signaling from the B cell receptor and communication with T cells, inhibit isotype switching and somatic hypermutation, downregulate CXCR5, and induce copious immunoglobulin synthesis and secretion. Thus, commitment to plasmacytic differentiation involves inhibition of activities associated with earlier B cell developmental stages as well as expression of the plasma cell phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Calame
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yamamoto T, Yumioka T, Sekine Y, Sato N, Minoguchi M, Yoshimura A, Matsuda T. Regulation of FcepsilonRI-mediated signaling by an adaptor protein STAP-2/BSK in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 306:767-73. [PMID: 12810085 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Crosslinking of multivalent antigen bound IgE transduces FcepsilonRI mediated signaling cascades, which activate nonreceptor-type protein-tyrosine kinases and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, and these are critical elements for degranulation in mast cells. We cloned a novel adaptor molecule, signal transducing adaptor protein (STAP)-2 containing PH and SH2-like domains as a c-fms interacting protein. STAP-2 was identical to a recently cloned adaptor molecule, BKS, a substrate of BRK (breast tumor kinase) tyrosine kinase, although its function is still unknown. To examine a novel function of STAP-2/BSK, we expressed STAP-2/BSK or its mutants in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells. Overexpression of STAP-2/BSK resulted in a suppression of FcepsilonRI-mediated calcium mobilization and degranulation. FcepsilonRI-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) but not Syk was significantly suppressed in these cells. Furthermore, STAP-2/BSK associated with PLC-gamma in vivo. These data indicate that STAP-2/BSK negatively controls the FcepsilonRI-mediated calcium mobilization and degranulation by direct modulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku Kita 12 Nishi 6, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Minoguchi M, Minoguchi S, Aki D, Joo A, Yamamoto T, Yumioka T, Matsuda T, Yoshimura A. STAP-2/BKS, an adaptor/docking protein, modulates STAT3 activation in acute-phase response through its YXXQ motif. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:11182-9. [PMID: 12540842 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m211230200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As a c-fms-interacting protein, we cloned a novel adaptor molecule, signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 (STAP-2), which contains pleckstrin homology- and Src homology 2-like (PH and SRC) domains and a proline-rich region. STAP-2 is structurally related to STAP-1/BRDG1 (BCR downstream signaling-1), which we had cloned previously from hematopoietic stem cells. STAP-2 is a murine homologue of a recently identified adaptor molecule, BKS, a substrate of BRK tyrosine kinase. STAP-2 was tyrosine-phosphorylated and translocated to the plasma membrane in response to epidermal growth factor when overexpressed in fibroblastic cells. To define the function of STAP-2, we generated mice lacking the STAP-2 gene. STAP-2 mRNA was strongly induced in the liver in response to lipopolysaccharide and in isolated hepatocytes in response to interleukin-6. In the STAP-2(-/-) hepatocytes, the interleukin-6-induced expression of acute-phase (AP) genes and the tyrosine-phosphorylation level of STAT3 were reduced specifically at the late phase (6-24 h) of the response. These data indicate that STAP-2 plays a regulatory role in the AP response in systemic inflammation. STAP-2 contains a YXXQ motif in the C-terminal region that is a potential STAT3-binding site. Overexpression of wild-type STAP-2, but not of mutants lacking this motif, enhanced the AP response element reporter activity and an AP protein production. These data suggest that STAP-2 is a new class of adaptor molecule that modulates STAT3 activity through its YXXQ motif.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Minoguchi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shaffer AL, Lin KI, Kuo TC, Yu X, Hurt EM, Rosenwald A, Giltnane JM, Yang L, Zhao H, Calame K, Staudt LM. Blimp-1 orchestrates plasma cell differentiation by extinguishing the mature B cell gene expression program. Immunity 2002; 17:51-62. [PMID: 12150891 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 770] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Blimp-1, a transcriptional repressor, drives the terminal differentiation of B cells to plasma cells. Using DNA microarrays, we found that introduction of Blimp-1 into B cells blocked expression of a remarkably large set of genes, while a much smaller number was induced. Blimp-1 initiated this cascade of gene expression changes by directly repressing genes encoding several transcription factors, including Spi-B and Id3, that regulate signaling by the B cell receptor. Blimp-1 also inhibited immunoglobulin class switching by blocking expression of AID, Ku70, Ku86, DNA-PKcs, and STAT6. These findings suggest that Blimp-1 promotes plasmacytic differentiation by extinguishing gene expression important for B cell receptor signaling, germinal center B cell function, and proliferation while allowing expression of important plasma cell genes such as XBP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Shaffer
- Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yokohari K, Yamashita Y, Okada S, Ohya K, Oda S, Hatano M, Mano H, Hirasawa H, Tokuhisa T. Isoform-dependent interaction of BRDG1 with Tec kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 289:414-20. [PMID: 11716489 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tec is the prototype of an emerging family of protein-tyrosine kinases. Tec and Btk, another member of this family, together participate in the development of B-cell immune system. We previously identified one of the downstream messengers for human Tec kinase, BRDG1. BRDG1 is associated with Tec and becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated in B-cells by the engagement of B-cell antigen receptor (BCR). Here we show that overexpression of BRDG1 strongly augments BCR-mediated activation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) but not that of c-Jun and the promoters of c-MYC and BCL-xL genes. Furthermore, we isolated the murine orthologue of BRDG1. Three isoforms of BRDG1 are generated by alternative splicing of the message. Two of them have a deletion of 33 amino acids in a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of BRDG1. Both the tyrosine-phosphorylation and CREB-activating ability of BRDG1 were isoform-dependent, suggesting a role of the PH domain of BRDG1. These data have identified a novel regulatory mechanism of CREB family of transcriptional factors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Alternative Splicing
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Carrier Proteins/chemistry
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Gene Deletion
- Genes, myc/genetics
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Models, Biological
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phosphorylation
- Plasmids/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Binding
- Protein Isoforms
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Tissue Distribution
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transfection
- Tyrosine/metabolism
- bcl-X Protein
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Yokohari
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yamashita Y, Kajigaya S, Yoshida K, Ueno S, Ota J, Ohmine K, Ueda M, Miyazato A, Ohya K, Kitamura T, Ozawa K, Mano H. Sak serine-threonine kinase acts as an effector of Tec tyrosine kinase. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:39012-20. [PMID: 11489907 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106249200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The murine sak gene encodes a putative serine-threonine kinase which is homologous to the members of the Plk/Polo family. Although Sak protein is presumed to be involved in cell growth mechanism, efforts have failed to demonstrate its kinase activity. Little has been, therefore, elucidated how Sak is regulated and how Sak contributes to cell proliferation. Tec is a cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) which becomes activated by the stimulation of cytokine receptors, lymphocyte surface antigens, heterotrimeric G protein-linked receptors, and integrins. To clarify the in vivo function of Tec, we have tried to isolate the second messengers of Tec by using the yeast two-hybrid screening. One of such Tec-binding proteins turned out to be Sak. In human kidney 293 cells, Sak became tyrosine-phosphorylated by Tec, and the serine-threonine kinase activity of Sak was detected only under the presence of Tec, suggesting Sak to be an effector molecule of Tec. In addition, Tec activity efficiently protects Sak from the "PEST" sequence-dependent proteolysis. Internal deletion of the PEST sequences led to the stabilization of Sak proteins, and expression of these mutants acted suppressive to cell growth. Our data collectively supports a novel role of Sak acting in the PTK-mediated signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamashita
- Divisions of Functional Genomics, Cardiology and Hematology, Jichi Medical School, Kawachi-gun, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Abstract
The Btk family kinases represent new members of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, which include Btk/Atk, Itk/Emt/Tsk, Bmx/Etk, and Tec. They are characterized by having four structural modules: PH (pleckstrin homology) domain, SH3 (Src homology 3) domain, SH2 (Src homology 2) domain and kinase (Src homology 1) domain. Increasing evidence suggests that, like Src-family kinases, Btk family kinases play central but diverse modulatory roles in various cellular processes. They participate in signal transduction in response to virtually all types of extracellular stimuli which are transmitted by growth factor receptors, cytokine receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, antigen-receptors and integrins. They are regulated by many non-receptor tyrosine kinases such as Src, Jak, Syk and FAK family kinases. In turn, they regulate many of major signaling pathways including those of PI3K, PLCgamma and PKC. Both genetic and biochemical approaches have been used to dissect the signaling pathways and elucidate their roles in growth, differentiation and apoptosis. An emerging new role of this family of kinases is cytoskeletal reorganization and cell motility. The physiological importance of these kinases was amply demonstrated by their link to the development of immunodeficiency diseases, due to germ-line mutations. The present article attempts to review the structure and functions of Btk family kinases by summarizing our current knowledge on the interacting partners associated with the different modules of the kinases and the diverse signaling pathways in which they are involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Cancer Center, 420 Delaware Street SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tomlinson MG, Lin J, Weiss A. Lymphocytes with a complex: adapter proteins in antigen receptor signaling. IMMUNOLOGY TODAY 2000; 21:584-91. [PMID: 11094263 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5699(00)01716-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Adapters can be defined as proteins that mediate intermolecular interactions within a signal transduction pathway and that lack both intrinsic enzymatic and transcriptional activity. Their essential role in lymphocyte signaling was revealed by recent analyses of mice and cell lines deficient in LAT, SLP-76 and BLNK. These and other adapters nucleate signaling complexes and facilitate coupling of antigen receptor triggering to functional responses in lymphocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Tomlinson
- Dept of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, CA 94143-0795, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mitchell PJ, Sara EA, Crompton MR. A novel adaptor-like protein which is a substrate for the non-receptor tyrosine kinase, BRK. Oncogene 2000; 19:4273-82. [PMID: 10980601 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The brk gene encodes a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that has been found to be overexpressed in approximately two thirds of breast tumours. Using a yeast two-hybrid based screen, we have cloned cDNAs encoding a novel protein, BKS, that is a substrate for the kinase activity of BRK and has the characteristics of an adaptor protein. BKS possesses an N-terminal PH-like domain followed by an SH2-like domain. In co-transfection experiments, high levels of phosphotyrosine were observed on BKS and BRK was found to be associated with BKS, both of which were dependent on the catalytic activity of BRK. The phosphorylation of and association with BKS by BRK was also dependent on the SH2-like domain present within BKS. In addition, BKS recruited an unidentified 100 kDa protein that was also phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in the presence of BRK. We have determined that the BKS protein is expressed in most adult human tissues. Oncogene (2000) 19, 4273 - 4282
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Mitchell
- Section of Cell Biology and Experimental Pathology, The Breakthrough Toby Robinson Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yoshida K, Yamashita Y, Miyazato A, Ohya K, Kitanaka A, Ikeda U, Shimada K, Yamanaka T, Ozawa K, Mano H. Mediation by the protein-tyrosine kinase Tec of signaling between the B cell antigen receptor and Dok-1. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:24945-52. [PMID: 10823839 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m909012199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of growth factor receptors induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of a nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase Tec as well as that of a Tec-binding protein of 62 kDa. Given the similarity in properties between this 62-kDa protein and p62(Dok-1), the possibility that these two proteins are identical was investigated. Overexpression of a constitutively active form of Tec in a pro-B cell line induced the hyperphosphorylation of endogenous Dok-1. Tec also associated with Dok-1 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner in 293 cells. Tec mediated marked phosphorylation of Dok-1 both in vivo and in vitro, and this effect required both the Tec homology and Src homology 2 domains of Tec in addition to its kinase activity. Expression of Dok-1 in 293 cells induced inhibition of Ras activity, suggesting that Dok-1 is a negative regulator of Ras. In the immature B cell line Ramos, cross-linking of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of Dok-1, and this effect was markedly inhibited by expression of dominant negative mutants of Tec. Furthermore, overexpression of Dok-1 inhibited activation of the c-fos promoter induced by stimulation of the BCR. These results suggest that Tec is an important mediator of signaling from the BCR to Dok-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshida
- Division of Functional Genomics, Departments of Hematology and Cardiology, Jichi Medical School, Kawachi-gun, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
The Tec kinases are required for full Ca(2+) mobilization in lymphocytes. Recent data suggest that this process occurs via a multiprotein complex that includes LAT and SLP-76 in T cells and BLNK/SLP-65 in B cells. Mutational analyses have revealed critical roles for Tec kinases in lymphocyte development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E M Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. USA, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Affiliation(s)
- W C Yang
- INSERM U119, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Masuhara M, Nagao K, Nishikawa M, Sasaki M, Yoshimura A, Osawa M. Molecular cloning of murine STAP-1, the stem-cell-specific adaptor protein containing PH and SH2 domains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 268:697-703. [PMID: 10679268 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To identify the novel substrate of c-kit which is important for hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal or differentiation, CD34-low/negative, Sca-1-positive, c-kit-positive, and lineage marker-negative (CD34(low/-)Sca-1(+)c-kit(+)Lin(-)) cells were sorted by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter from mouse bone marrow cells and a yeast two-hybrid cDNA library was constructed. By screening with c-kit as bait, we cloned a novel cDNA, designed STAP-1, encoding an adaptor protein with a Pleckstrin homology domain, the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, and a number of tyrosine phosphorylation sites. RT-PCR analysis revealed that STAP-1 expression is restricted in the bone marrow cell fraction expressing c-kit. The highest expression was observed in the CD34(low/-)Sca-1(+)c-kit(+)Lin(-) stem cell-enriched fraction. The murine myeloid cell line, M1, expressed a high level of STAP-1. However, the expression was strongly repressed in response to leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) which induced monocytic differentiation of M1 cells, suggesting that STAP-1 is associated with the undifferentiated cell type. A two-hybrid assay indicated that STAP-1 bound not only to c-kit but also to c-fms but not to JAK2 or Pyk2. In 293 cells, STAP-1 was tyrosine-phosphorylated by activated c-kit. An in vitro binding assay suggested that the STAP-1 SH2 domain interacted with several tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins including c-kit and STAT5. These suggest that STAP-1 functions as an adaptor molecule downstream of c-kit in hematopoietic stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Masuhara
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Aikawamachi 2432-3, Kurume, 839-0861, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mano H. Tec family of protein-tyrosine kinases: an overview of their structure and function. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 1999; 10:267-80. [PMID: 10647781 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6101(99)00019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Tec family is a recently emerging subfamily of non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) represented by its first member, Tec. This family is composed of five members, namely Tec, Btk. Itk/Emt/Tsk, Bmx and Txk/Rlk. The most characteristic feature of this family is the presence of a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in their protein structure. The PH domain is known to bind phosphoinositides; on this basis, Tec family PTKs may act as merge points of phosphotyrosine-mediated and phospholipid-mediated signaling systems. Many Tec family proteins are abundantly expressed in hematopoietic tissues, and are presumed to play important roles in the growth and differentiation processes of blood cells. Supporting this, mutations in the Btk gene cause X chromosome-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in humans and X chromosome-linked immunodeficiency (Xid) in mice, indicating that Btk activity is indispensable for B-cell ontogeny. In addition, Tec family kinases have been shown to be involved in the intracellular signaling mechanisms of cytokine receptors, lymphocyte surface antigens, heterotrimeric G-protein-coupled receptors and integrin molecules. Efforts are being made to identify molecules which interact with Tec kinases to transfer Tec-mediated signals in vivo. Candidates for such second messengers include PLC-gamma2, guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RhoA and TFII-I/BAP-135. This review summarizes current knowledge concerning the input and output factors affecting the Tec kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mano
- Department of Molecular Biology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|