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Marek K, Armando F, Asawapattanakul T, Nippold VM, Plattet P, Gerold G, Baumgärtner W, Puff C. Functional Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) Delivered by Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma Cells Persistently Infected with Engineered Attenuated Canine Distemper Virus. Pathogens 2023; 12:877. [PMID: 37513724 PMCID: PMC10385001 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response plays a key role in the treatment of malignant tumors. One important molecule promoting humoral and cellular immunity is granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Numerous successful trials have led to the approval of this immune-stimulating molecule for cancer therapy. However, besides immune stimulation, GM-CSF may also accelerate tumor cell proliferation, rendering this molecule a double-edged sword in cancer treatment. Therefore, detailed knowledge about the in vitro function of GM-CSF produced by infected tumor cells is urgently needed prior to investigations in an in vivo model. The aim of the present study was to functionally characterize a persistent infection of canine histiocytic sarcoma cells (DH82 cells) with the canine distemper virus strain Onderstepoort genetically engineered to express canine GM-CSF (CDV-Ondneon-GM-CSF). The investigations aimed (1) to prove the overall functionality of the virally induced production of GM-CSF and (2) to determine the effect of GM-CSF on the proliferation and motility of canine HS cells. Infected cells consistently produced high amounts of active, pH-stable GM-CSF, as demonstrated by increased proliferation of HeLa cells. By contrast, DH82 cells lacked increased proliferation and motility. The significantly increased secretion of GM-CSF by persistently CDV-Ondneon-GM-CSF-infected DH82 cells, the pH stability of this protein, and the lack of detrimental effects on DH82 cells renders this virus strain an interesting candidate for future studies aiming to enhance the oncolytic properties of CDV for the treatment of canine histiocytic sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Marek
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Federico Armando
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thanaporn Asawapattanakul
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Maria Nippold
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Philippe Plattet
- Division of Experimental Clinical Research, Vetsuisse University Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Puff
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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2
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Piszczatowski RT, Schwenger E, Sundaravel S, Stein CM, Liu Y, Stanley P, Verma A, Zheng D, Seidel RD, Almo SC, Townley RA, Bülow HE, Steidl U. A glycan-based approach to cell characterization and isolation: Hematopoiesis as a paradigm. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20212552. [PMID: 36066492 PMCID: PMC9455685 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surfaces display a wide array of molecules that confer identity. While flow cytometry and cluster of differentiation (CD) markers have revolutionized cell characterization and purification, functionally heterogeneous cellular subtypes remain unresolvable by the CD marker system alone. Using hematopoietic lineages as a paradigm, we leverage the extraordinary molecular diversity of heparan sulfate (HS) glycans to establish cellular "glycotypes" by utilizing a panel of anti-HS single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFvs). Prospective sorting with anti-HS scFvs identifies functionally distinct glycotypes within heterogeneous pools of mouse and human hematopoietic progenitor cells and enables further stratification of immunophenotypically pure megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors. This stratification correlates with expression of a heptad of HS-related genes that is reflective of the HS epitope recognized by specific anti-HS scFvs. While we show that HS glycotyping provides an orthogonal set of tools for resolution of hematopoietic lineages, we anticipate broad utility of this approach in defining and isolating novel, viable cell types across diverse tissues and species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Schwenger
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Sriram Sundaravel
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Catarina M. Stein
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Pamela Stanley
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
- Blood Cancer Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Ronald D. Seidel
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Steven C. Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
| | - Robert A. Townley
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Hannes E. Bülow
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY
- Blood Cancer Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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3
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Tang F, Brune JE, Chang MY, Reeves SR, Altemeier WA, Frevert CW. Defining the Versican Interactome in Lung Health and Disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C249-C276. [PMID: 35649251 PMCID: PMC9291419 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00162.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) imparts critical mechanical and biochemical information to cells in the lungs. Proteoglycans are essential constituents of the ECM and play a crucial role in controlling numerous biological processes, including regulating cellular phenotype and function. Versican, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan required for embryonic development, is almost absent from mature, healthy lungs and is re-expressed and accumulates in acute and chronic lung disease. Studies using genetically engineered mice show that the versican-enriched matrix can be pro- or anti-inflammatory depending on the cellular source or disease process studied. The mechanisms whereby versican develops a contextual ECM remain largely unknown. The primary goal of this review is to provide an overview of the interaction of versican with its many binding partners, the "versican interactome," and how through these interactions, versican is an integrator of complex extracellular information. Hopefully, the information provided in this review will be used to develop future studies to determine how versican and its binding partners can develop contextual ECMs that control select biological processes. While this review focuses on versican and the lungs, what is described can be extended to other proteoglycans, tissues, and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Tang
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jourdan E Brune
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mary Y Chang
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Stephen R Reeves
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - William A Altemeier
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,ivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,ivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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4
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Cui JY, Lisi GP. Molecular Level Insights Into the Structural and Dynamic Factors Driving Cytokine Function. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:773252. [PMID: 34760929 PMCID: PMC8573031 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.773252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are key mediators of cellular communication and regulators of biological advents. The timing, quantity and localization of cytokines are key features in producing specific biological outcomes, and thus have been thoroughly studied and reviewed while continuing to be a focus of the cytokine biology community. Due to the complexity of cellular signaling and multitude of factors that can affect signaling outcomes, systemic level studies of cytokines are ongoing. Despite their small size, cytokines can exhibit structurally promiscuous and dynamic behavior that plays an equally important role in biological activity. In this review using case studies, we highlight the recent insight gained from observing cytokines through a molecular lens and how this may complement a system-level understanding of cytokine biology, explain diversity of downstream signaling events, and inform therapeutic and experimental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - George P Lisi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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5
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Varese A, Dantas E, Paletta A, Fitzgerald W, Di Diego García F, Cabrerizo G, Erra Diaz F, Defelipe LA, Pallares H, Dodes Traian M, Gamarnik A, Geffner J, Remes Lenicov F, Margolis L, Ceballos A. Extracellular acidosis enhances Zika virus infection both in human cells and ex-vivo tissue cultures from female reproductive tract. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:1169-1179. [PMID: 34013833 PMCID: PMC8205022 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1932606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, but unlike other flaviviruses, ZIKV can be sexually transmitted by vaginal intercourse. The healthy vaginal pH ranges from 4.0 to 6.0, reaching values of 6.0-7.0 after semen deposition. Here, we report that low extracellular pH values (range 6.2-6.6) dramatically increase ZIKV infection on cell lines of different origin including some derived from the female genital tract and monocyte-derived macrophages. Furthermore, low pH significantly increased ZIKV infection of human ectocervix and endocervix cultured ex-vivo. Enhancement of infection by low pH was also observed using different ZIKV strains and distinct methods to evaluate viral infection, i.e. plaque assays, RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and fluorescence microscopy. Analysis of the mechanisms involved revealed that the enhancement of ZIKV infection induced by low pH was associated with increased binding of the viral particles to the heparan sulphate expressed on the target cell surface. Acidosis represents a critical but generally overlooked feature of the female genital tract, with major implications for sexual transmission diseases. Our results suggest that low vaginal pH might promote male-to-female transmission of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Varese
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Dantas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Paletta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - W Fitzgerald
- Section on Intercellular Interaction, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F Di Diego García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Cabrerizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Erra Diaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L A Defelipe
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H Pallares
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Dodes Traian
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Gamarnik
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Geffner
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Remes Lenicov
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Margolis
- Section on Intercellular Interaction, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Ceballos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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6
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Cui JY, Zhang F, Nierzwicki L, Palermo G, Linhardt RJ, Lisi GP. Mapping the Structural and Dynamic Determinants of pH-Sensitive Heparin Binding to Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3541-3553. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y. Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Lukasz Nierzwicki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92512, United States
| | - Giulia Palermo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92512, United States
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Departments of Chemistry, Biology, and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - George P. Lisi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
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7
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Kang I, Chang MY, Wight TN, Frevert CW. Proteoglycans as Immunomodulators of the Innate Immune Response to Lung Infection. J Histochem Cytochem 2018; 66:241-259. [PMID: 29328866 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417751880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs) are complex, multifaceted molecules that participate in diverse interactions vital for physiological and pathological processes. As structural components, they provide a scaffold for cells and structural organization that helps define tissue architecture. Through interactions with water, PGs enable molecular and cellular movement through tissues. Through selective ionic interactions with growth factors, chemokines, cytokines, and proteases, PGs facilitate the ability of these soluble ligands to regulate intracellular signaling events and to influence the inflammatory response. In addition, recent findings now demonstrate that PGs can activate danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and other signaling pathways to influence production of many of these soluble ligands, indicating a more direct role for PGs in influencing the immune response and tissue inflammation. This review will focus on PGs that are selectively expressed during lung inflammation and will examine the novel emerging concept of PGs as immunomodulatory regulators of the innate immune responses in lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inkyung Kang
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary Y Chang
- Comparative Pathology Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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8
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Nguyen K, Rabenstein DL. Interaction of the Heparin-Binding Consensus Sequence of β-Amyloid Peptides with Heparin and Heparin-Derived Oligosaccharides. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2187-97. [PMID: 26872053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of amyloid plaques in the AD brain. Comprised primarily of the 40- and 42-residue β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides, there is evidence that the heparan sulfate (HS) of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) plays a role in amyloid plaque formation and stability; however, details of the interaction of Aβ peptides with HS are not known. We have characterized the interaction of heparin and heparin-derived oligosaccharides with a model peptide for the heparin- and HS-binding domain of Aβ peptides (Ac-VHHQKLV-NH2; Aβ(12-18)), with mutants of Aβ(12-18), and with additional histidine-containing peptides. The nature of the binding interaction was characterized by NMR, binding constants and other thermodynamic parameters were determined by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and relative binding affinities were determined by heparin affinity chromatography. The binding of Aβ(12-18) by heparin and heparin-derived oligosaccharides is pH-dependent, with the imidazolium groups of the histidine side chains interacting site-specifically within a cleft created by a trisaccharide sequence of heparin, the binding is mediated by electrostatic interactions, and there is a significant entropic contribution to the binding free energy as a result of displacement of Na(+) ions from heparin upon binding of cationic Aβ(12-18). The binding constant decreases as the size of the heparin-derived oligosaccharide decreases and as the concentration of Na(+) ion in the bulk solution increases. Structure-binding relationships characterized in this study are analyzed and discussed in terms of the counterion condensation theory of the binding of cationic peptides by anionic polyelectrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Dallas L Rabenstein
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Heparin/Heparan sulfate proteoglycans glycomic interactome in angiogenesis: biological implications and therapeutical use. Molecules 2015; 20:6342-88. [PMID: 25867824 PMCID: PMC6272510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the process of formation of new blood vessel from pre-existing ones, is involved in various intertwined pathological processes including virus infection, inflammation and oncogenesis, making it a promising target for the development of novel strategies for various interventions. To induce angiogenesis, angiogenic growth factors (AGFs) must interact with pro-angiogenic receptors to induce proliferation, protease production and migration of endothelial cells (ECs). The action of AGFs is counteracted by antiangiogenic modulators whose main mechanism of action is to bind (thus sequestering or masking) AGFs or their receptors. Many sugars, either free or associated to proteins, are involved in these interactions, thus exerting a tight regulation of the neovascularization process. Heparin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans undoubtedly play a pivotal role in this context since they bind to almost all the known AGFs, to several pro-angiogenic receptors and even to angiogenic inhibitors, originating an intricate network of interaction, the so called "angiogenesis glycomic interactome". The decoding of the angiogenesis glycomic interactome, achievable by a systematic study of the interactions occurring among angiogenic modulators and sugars, may help to design novel antiangiogenic therapies with implications in the cure of angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Santos AXS, Maia JE, Crespo PM, Pettenuzzo LF, Daniotti JL, Barbé-Tuana FM, Martins LM, Trindade VMT, Borojevic R, Guma FCR. GD1a modulates GM-CSF-induced cell proliferation. Cytokine 2011; 56:600-7. [PMID: 21930390 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides have been extensively described to be involved in the proliferation and differentiation of various cell types, such including hematopoietic cells. Our previous studies on murine models of stroma-mediated myelopoiesis have shown that gangliosides are required for optimal capacity of stromal cells to support proliferation of myeloid precursor cells, being shed to the supernatant and selectively incorporated into myeloid cell membranes. Here we describe the effect of gangliosides on the specific granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-induced proliferation. For that, we used the monocytic FDC-P1 cell line, which is dependent upon GM-CSF for survival and proliferation. Cells were cultured in the presence of GM-CSF and exogenous gangliosides (GM3, GD1a or GM1) or in the absence of endogenous ganglioside synthesis by the use of a ceramide-synthase inhibitor, D-PDMP. We observed that exogenous addition of GD1a enhanced the GM-CSF-induced proliferation of the FDC-P1 cells. Also, we detected an increase in the expression of the α isoform of the GM-CSF receptor (GMRα) as well as of the transcription factor C/EBPα. On the contrary, inhibition of glucosylceramide synthesis was accompanied by a decrease in cell proliferation, which was restored upon the addition of exogenous GD1a. We also show a co-localization of GD1a and GMR by immunocytochemistry. Taken together, our results suggest for the first time that ganglioside GD1a play a role on the modulation of GM-CSF-mediated proliferative response, which might be of great interest not only in hematopoiesis, but also in other immunological processes, Alzheimer disease, alveolar proteinosis and wherever GM-CSF exerts its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A X S Santos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Lipídios, Depto Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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11
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Ramella NA, Rimoldi OJ, Prieto ED, Schinella GR, Sanchez SA, Jaureguiberry MS, Vela ME, Ferreira ST, Tricerri MA. Human apolipoprotein A-I-derived amyloid: its association with atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22532. [PMID: 21811627 PMCID: PMC3139661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloidoses constitute a group of diseases in which soluble proteins aggregate and deposit extracellularly in tissues. Nonhereditary apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) amyloid is characterized by deposits of nonvariant protein in atherosclerotic arteries. Despite being common, little is known about the pathogenesis and significance of apoA-I deposition. In this work we investigated by fluorescence and biochemical approaches the impact of a cellular microenvironment associated with chronic inflammation on the folding and pro-amyloidogenic processing of apoA-I. Results showed that mildly acidic pH promotes misfolding, aggregation, and increased binding of apoA-I to extracellular matrix elements, thus favoring protein deposition as amyloid like-complexes. In addition, activated neutrophils and oxidative/proteolytic cleavage of the protein give rise to pro amyloidogenic products. We conclude that, even though apoA-I is not inherently amyloidogenic, it may produce non hereditary amyloidosis as a consequence of the pro-inflammatory microenvironment associated to atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel A. Ramella
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar J. Rimoldi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo D. Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo R. Schinella
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana A. Sanchez
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Microscopy Unit, Fundación CNIC-Carlos III, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, España
| | - María S. Jaureguiberry
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María E. Vela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Sergio T. Ferreira
- Program in Biochemistry and Cellular Biophysics, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M. Alejandra Tricerri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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12
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Gill S, Wight TN, Frevert CW. Proteoglycans: key regulators of pulmonary inflammation and the innate immune response to lung infection. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2010; 293:968-81. [PMID: 20503391 DOI: 10.1002/ar.21094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to viruses and bacteria results in lung infections and places a significant burden on public health. The innate immune system is an early warning system that recognizes viruses and bacteria, which results in the rapid production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines and the pulmonary recruitment of leukocytes. When leukocytes emigrate from the systemic circulation through the extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to lung infection they encounter proteoglycans, which consist of a core protein and their associated glycosaminoglycans. In this review, we discuss how proteoglycans serve to modify the pulmonary inflammatory response and leukocyte migration through a number of different mechanisms including: (1) The ability of soluble proteoglycans or fragments of glycosaminoglycans to activate Toll-like receptor (TLRs) signaling pathways; (2) The binding and sequestration of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors by proteoglycans; (3) the ability of proteoglycans and hyaluronan to facilitate leukocyte adhesion and sequestration; and (4) The interactions between proteoglycans and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) that alter the function of these proteases. In conclusion, proteoglycans fine-tune tissue inflammation through a number of different mechanisms. Clarification of the mechanisms whereby proteoglycans modulate the pulmonary inflammatory response will most likely lead to new therapeutic approaches to inflammatory lung disease and lung infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Gill
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington School of Medicine at South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Nguyen K, Rabenstein DL. Determination of the primary structure and carboxyl pK (A)s of heparin-derived oligosaccharides by band-selective homonuclear-decoupled two-dimensional (1)H NMR. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:663-71. [PMID: 20890750 PMCID: PMC3015166 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the structure of heparin-derived oligosaccharides by 1H NMR is challenging because resonances for all but the anomeric protons cover less than 2 ppm. By taking advantage of increased dispersion of resonances for the anomeric H1 protons at low pD and the superior resolution of band-selective, homonuclear-decoupled (BASHD) two-dimensional 1H NMR, the primary structure of the heparin-derived octasaccharide ∆UA(2S)-[(1 → 4)-GlcNS(6S)-(1 → 4)-IdoA(2S)-]3-(1 → 4)-GlcNS(6S) has been determined, where ∆UA(2S) is 2-O-sulfated ∆4,5-unsaturated uronic acid, GlcNS(6S) is 6-O-sulfated, N-sulfated β-d-glucosamine and IdoA(2S) is 2-O-sulfated α-l-iduronic acid. The spectrum was assigned, and the sites of N- and O-sulfation and the conformation of each uronic acid residue were established, with chemical shift data obtained from BASHD-TOCSY spectra, while the sequence of the monosaccharide residues in the octasaccharide was determined from inter-residue NOEs in BASHD-NOESY spectra. Acid dissociation constants were determined for each carboxylic acid group of the octasaccharide, as well as for related tetra- and hexasaccharides, from chemical shift–pD titration curves. Chemical shift–pD titration curves were obtained for each carboxylic acid group from sub-spectra taken from BASHD-TOCSY spectra that were measured as a function of pD. The pKAs of the carboxylic acid groups of the ∆UA(2S) residues are less than those of the IdoA(2S) residues, and the pKAs of the carboxylic acid groups of the IdoA(2S) residues for a given oligosaccharide are similar in magnitude. Relative acidities of the carboxylic acid groups of each oligosaccharide were calculated from chemical shift data by a pH-independent method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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14
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Seyrek E, Dubin P. Glycosaminoglycans as polyelectrolytes. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 158:119-29. [PMID: 20444439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Revised: 02/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the barriers to understanding structure-property relations for glycosaminoglycans has been the lack of constructive interplay between the principles and methodologies of the life sciences (molecular biology, biochemistry and cell biology) and the physical sciences, particularly in the field of polyelectrolytes. To address this, we first review the similarities and differences between the physicochemical properties of GAGs and other statistical chain polyelectrolytes of both natural and abioitic origin. Since the biofunctionality and regulation of the structures of GAGs is intimately connected with interactions with their cognate proteins, we particularly compare and contrast aspects of protein binding, i.e. effects of both GAGs and other polyelectrolytes on protein stability, protein aggregation and phase behavior. The protein binding affinities and their dependences on pH and ionic strength for the two groups are discussed not only in terms of observable differences, but also with regard to contrasting descriptions of the bound state and the role of electrostatics. We conclude that early studies of the heparin-Antithromin system, proceeding to a large extent through the methods and models of protein chemistry and drug discovery, established not only many enabling precedents but also constraining paradigms. Current studies on heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate seem to reflect a more ecumenical view likely to be more compatible with concepts from physical and polymer chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emek Seyrek
- CNRS, Insitut Charles Sadron, 23 Rue Loess, BP 84047, F-67037 Strasbourg 2, France
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15
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Ziulkoski AL, dos Santos AXS, Andrade CMB, Trindade VMT, Daniotti JL, Borojevic R, Guma FCR. Anchored and soluble gangliosides contribute to myelosupportivity of stromal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 388:17-20. [PMID: 19632205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stroma-mediated myelopoiesis depends upon growth factors and an appropriate intercellular microenvironment. Previous studies have demonstrated that gangliosides, produced by hepatic stromal cell types, are required for optimal myelosupportive function. Here, we compared the mielossuportive functions of a bone marrow stroma (S17) and skin fibroblasts (SF) regarding their ganglioside pattern of synthesis and shedding. The survival and proliferation of a myeloid precursor cell (FDC-P1) were used as reporter. Although the ganglioside synthesis of the two stromal cells was similar, their relative content and shedding were distinct. The ganglioside requirement for mielossuportive function was confirmed by the decreased proliferation of FDC-P1 cells in ganglioside synthesis-inhibited cultures and in presence of an antibody to GM3 ganglioside. The distinct mielossuportive activities of the S17 and SF stromata may be related to differences on plasma membrane ganglioside concentrations or to differences on the gangliosides shed and their subsequent uptake by myeloid cells, specially, GM3 ganglioside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Ziulkoski
- ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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16
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Gandhi NS, Mancera RL. The Structure of Glycosaminoglycans and their Interactions with Proteins. Chem Biol Drug Des 2008; 72:455-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 703] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Biological implications of glycosaminoglycan interactions with haemopoietic cytokines. Immunol Cell Biol 2008; 86:598-607. [PMID: 18626488 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2008.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Heparan sulphate (HS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are an integral part of the signalling complex of fibroblast derived growth factor (FGF) family members, HS being regarded as a coreceptor. FGFs are also retained in the tissues by binding to HS structures. Early studies on the contribution of the bone marrow stroma to haemopoiesis suggested that cytokines with a role in haemopoiesis were similarly retained in the stroma through interactions with HS. However, the functional outcomes of these cytokines binding HS were poorly understood. Here the GAG-binding properties of cytokines of the four alpha-helical bundle family and the biological consequences of such binding are reviewed. From this analysis it is apparent that although many of these cytokines do bind GAGs, GAG binding is not a consistent feature, nor is the site of GAG binding conserved among these cytokines. The biological outcome of GAG binding depends, in part, on the location of the GAG-binding site on the cytokine. In some cases GAG binding appears to block signalling, whereas in others signalling is likely to be facilitated by binding. It is postulated that the interactions of these cytokines with their receptor complexes evolved independently of GAG binding, with GAG binding being an additional feature for a subset of this cytokine family. Nevertheless, because GAG binding localizes cytokines to sites within tissues, these interactions are likely to be critically important for the biology of these cytokines.
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Coombe DR, Stevenson SM, Kinnear BF, Gandhi NS, Mancera RL, Osmond RIW, Kett WC. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) and its interactions with glycosaminoglycans: 2. Biochemical analyses. Biochemistry 2008; 47:4863-75. [PMID: 18327914 DOI: 10.1021/bi7024595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) (CD31), a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of cell adhesion molecules with six Ig-like domains, has a range of functions, notably its contributions to leukocyte extravasation during inflammation and in maintaining vascular endothelial integrity. Although PECAM-1 is known to mediate cell adhesion by homophilic binding via domain 1, a number of PECAM-1 heterophilic ligands have been proposed. Here, the possibility that heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) are ligands for PECAM-1 was reinvestigated. The extracellular domain of PECAM-1 was expressed first as a fusion protein with the Fc region of human IgG1 fused to domain 6 and second with an N-terminal Flag tag on domain 1 (Flag-PECAM-1). Both proteins bound heparin immobilized on a biosensor chip in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding experiments. Binding was pH-sensitive but is easily measured at slightly acidic pH. A series of PECAM-1 domain deletions, prepared in both expression systems, were tested for heparin binding. This revealed that the main heparin-binding site required both domains 2 and 3. Flag-PECAM-1 and a Flag protein containing domains 1-3 bound HS on melanoma cell surfaces, but a Flag protein containing domains 1-2 did not. Heparin oligosaccharides inhibited Flag-PECAM-1 from binding immobilized heparin, with certain structures having greater inhibitory activity than others. Molecular modeling similarly identified the junction of domains 2 and 3 as the heparin-binding site and further revealed the importance of the iduronic acid conformation for binding. PECAM-1 does bind heparin/HS but by a site that is distinct from that required for homophilic binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre R Coombe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Western Australian Biomedical Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
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19
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Helguera G, Rodríguez JA, Penichet ML. Cytokines fused to antibodies and their combinations as therapeutic agents against different peritoneal HER2/neu expressing tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5:1029-40. [PMID: 16648575 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-05-0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have previously generated antihuman HER2/neu-humanized IgG3 fused to interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, or granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) [monofunctional fusion proteins (mono-AbFP)] or fused to IL-2 and IL-12 or IL-12 and GM-CSF [bifunctional fusion proteins (bi-AbFP)]. These AbFPs retained cytokine and antigen-binding activities. We have now further characterized the AbFPs and determined the heparin-binding activity of the fused cytokines, their ability to trigger IFN-gamma secretion and natural killer (NK) activation, and their direct antitumor efficacy. Flow cytometry revealed heparin-binding activity in the AbFPs containing IL-12 and IL-2, although this activity seems to be decreased in the bi-AbFPs. However, both bi-AbFPs retained the capacity to stimulate IL-12-dependent IFN-gamma secretion in the NK cell line KY-1, and IL-12/IL-2 bi-AbFP induced NK activity in splenocytes. The antitumor effectiveness of bi-AbFPs and mono-AbFP combinations was studied in mice challenged i.p. with three different human HER2/neu murine syngeneic models (D2F2/E2, CT26-HER2/neu, and MC38-HER2/neu). Although a significant variability in the profile of antitumor response was observed in the different tumor models, the combination of IL-12 and GM-CSF mono-AbFPs protected 100% of D2F2/E2-challenged and 75% of CT26-HER2/neu-challenged mice. In contrast, bi-AbFPs protected less than the combination of mono-AbFPs and, in some models, even less than mono-AbFPs alone. However, in all cases, most of long-term survivors showed protection after s.c. rechallenge with the tumors and later with the parental tumors not expressing HER2/neu. These results show that, although the pattern of protection is tumor model dependent, treatments with AbFPs can effectively generate high levels of protection against peritoneal tumors expressing HER2/neu, which may be relevant in patients with primary or metastatic peritoneal carcinomatosis that may be observed in ovarian, colon, stomach, bladder, lung, and breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Helguera
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 167817, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1678, USA
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20
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Andrade CMB, Ziulkoski AL, dos Santos AXS, Boldrini LC, Trindade VMT, Borojevic R, Guma FCR. Gangliosides of the stroma layer participate in the interferon-gamma receptor-dependent controls of myelopoiesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2006; 1761:1030-40. [PMID: 16962370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 07/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stroma-mediated myelopoiesis depends upon growth-factors and an appropriate intercellular microenvironment, whose polarity is relevant for granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mediated myeloid cell proliferation. Here we have studied qualitative and quantitative aspects of ganglioside participation in controls of the microenvironment required to sustain myelopoiesis. We analysed ganglioside synthesis, expression and shedding by two primary liver stromal cell cultures isolated from wild type and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) receptor knockout mice. The latter one has a higher capacity to sustain myelopoiesis. FDC-P1 myeloid growth factor-dependent cell line was used as the reporter system, monitoring the cell survival and proliferation that reflect the bio-availability and the activity of GM-CSF. Although the two stromal cells synthesised the same gangliosides their relative content was quite different. FDC-P1 proliferation decreased in cultures in which ganglioside synthesis was inhibited in the stroma, as well as in presence of stroma cell supernatants in which GM3 was neutralised by the anti-GM3 monoclonal antibody. Addition of exogenous GM3 reverted the inhibition and sustained proliferation of FDC-P1 cells. FDC-P1 cells do not accumulate GM3, but they are able to take up the stroma-produced sphingolipids. Thus, stroma has a double role in sustaining myelopoiesis, providing both growth factor(s) and ganglioside(s) required for the optimal stimulation of the myeloid cell proliferation, and the IFNgamma mediated stroma-dependent controls of myelopoiesis are determinant for this cell interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M B Andrade
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 anexo, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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21
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Liang A, Du Y, Wang K, Lin B. Quantitative investigation of the interaction between granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and heparin by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2006; 29:1637-41. [PMID: 16922281 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and heparin or low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) were studied by CZE. It was found that GM-CSF could bind to both heparin and LMWH. The binding constants were calculated from Scatchard regression to be (6.5 +/- 0.8) x 10(5)/M and (11.2 +/- 0.7) x 10(5)/M, respectively. The specificity of the interaction between GM-CSF and heparin was also studied by employing another sulfated K carrageenan oligosaccharide as a control. Results showed that K carrageenan oligosaccharide could not interact with GM-CSF, indicating that GM-CSF could specifically interact with heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiye Liang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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22
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Ziulkoski A, Andrade C, Crespo P, Sisti E, Trindade V, Daniotti J, Guma F, Borojevic R. Gangliosides of myelosupportive stroma cells are transferred to myeloid progenitors and are required for their survival and proliferation. Biochem J 2006; 394:1-9. [PMID: 16321139 PMCID: PMC1385996 DOI: 10.1042/bj20051189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we have shown that the myelopoiesis dependent upon myelosupportive stroma required production of growth factors and heparan-sulphate proteoglycans, as well as generation of a negatively charged sialidase-sensitive intercellular environment between the stroma and the myeloid progenitors. In the present study, we have investigated the production, distribution and role of gangliosides in an experimental model of in vitro myelopoiesis dependent upon AFT-024 murine liver-derived stroma. We used the FDC-P1 cell line, which is dependent upon GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) for both survival and proliferation, as a reporter system to monitor bioavailability and local activity of GM-CSF. G(M3) was the major ganglioside produced by stroma, but not by myeloid cells, and it was required for optimal stroma myelosupportive function. It was released into the supernatant and selectively incorporated into the myeloid progenitor cells, where it segregated into rafts in which it co-localized with the GM-CSF-receptor alpha chain. This ganglioside was also metabolized further by myeloid cells into gangliosides of the a and b series, similar to endogenous G(M3). In these cells, G(M1) was the major ganglioside and it was segregated at the interface by stroma and myeloid cells, partially co-localizing with the GM-CSF-receptor alpha chain. We conclude that myelosupportive stroma cells produce and secrete the required growth factors, the cofactors such as heparan sulphate proteoglycans, and also supply gangliosides that are transferred from stroma to target cells, generating on the latter ones specific membrane domains with molecular complexes that include growth factor receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Ziulkoski
- *Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Lipídios, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- †Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário FEEVALE, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudia M. B. Andrade
- *Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Lipídios, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pilar M. Crespo
- ‡Centro de Investigaciones in Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC (UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elisa Sisti
- *Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Lipídios, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- †Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário FEEVALE, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera M. T. Trindade
- *Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Lipídios, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jose L. Daniotti
- ‡Centro de Investigaciones in Química Biológica de Córdoba, CIQUIBIC (UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fátima C. R. Guma
- *Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular de Lipídios, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Radovan Borojevic
- §Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas & Programa Avançado de Biologia Celular Aplicada à Medicina, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Sebollela A, Cagliari TC, Limaverde GSCS, Chapeaurouge A, Sorgine MHF, Coelho-Sampaio T, Ramos CHI, Ferreira ST. Heparin-binding Sites in Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:31949-56. [PMID: 16027123 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m505314200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological activity of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is modulated by the sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) heparan sulfate and heparin. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in such interactions are still not completely understood. We have proposed previously that helix C, one of the four alpha-helices of human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF), contains a GAG-binding site in which positively charged residues are spatially positioned for interaction with the sulfate moieties of the GAGs (Wettreich, A., Sebollela, A., Carvalho, M. A., Azevedo, S. P., Borojevic, R., Ferreira, S. T., and Coelho-Sampaio, T. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 31468-31475). Protonation of two histidine residues (His83 and His87) in helix C of hGM-CSF appears to act as a pH-dependent molecular switch to control the interaction with GAGs. Based on these findings, we have now generated a triple mutant form of murine GM-CSF (mGM-CSF) in which three noncharged residues in helix C of the murine factor (Tyr83, Gln85, and Tyr87) were replaced by the corresponding basic residues present in hGM-CSF (His83, Lys85, and His87). Binding assays on heparin-Sepharose showed that, at acidic pH, the triple mutant mGM-CSF binds to immobilized heparin with significantly higher affinity than wild type (WT) mGM-CSF and that neither protein binds to the column at neutral pH. The fact that even WT mGM-CSF binds to heparin at acidic pH indicates the existence of a distinct, lower affinity heparin-binding site in the protein. Chemical modification of the single histidine residue (His15) located in helix A of WT mGM-CSF with diethyl pyrocarbonate totally abolished binding to immobilized heparin. Moreover, replacement of His15 for an alanine residue significantly reduced the affinity of mGM-CSF for heparin at pH 5.0 and completely blocked heparin binding to a synthetic peptide corresponding to helix A of GM-CSF. These results indicate a major role of histidine residues in the regulation of the binding of GM-CSF to GAGs, supporting the notion that an acidic microenvironment is required for GM-CSF-dependent regulation of target cells. In addition, our results provide insight into the molecular basis of the strict species specificity of the biological activity of GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Sebollela
- Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21940-590, Brazil
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24
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Freire E, Gomes FCA, Jotha-Mattos T, Neto VM, Silva Filho FC, Coelho-Sampaio T. Sialic acid residues on astrocytes regulate neuritogenesis by controlling the assembly of laminin matrices. J Cell Sci 2004; 117:4067-76. [PMID: 15292398 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the developing nervous system migrating neurons and growing axons are guided by diffusible and/or substrate-bound cues, such as extracellular matrix-associated laminin. In a previous work we demonstrated that laminin molecules could self-assemble in two different manners, giving rise to matrices that could favor either neuritogenesis or proliferation of cortical precursor cells. We investigated whether the ability of astrocytes to promote neuritogenesis of co-cultivated neurons was modulated by the assembling mode of the laminin matrix secreted by them. We compared the morphologies and neuritogenic potentials of laminin deposited by in vitro-differentiated astrocytes obtained from embryonic or neonatal rat brain cortices. We showed that, while permissive astrocytes derived from embryonic brain produced a flat laminin matrix that remained associated to the cell surface, astrocytes derived from newborn brain secreted a laminin matrix resembling a fibrillar web that protruded from the cell plane. The average neurite lengths obtained for E16 neurons cultured on each astrocyte layer were 198+/-22 and 123+/-13 microm, respectively. Analyses of surface-associated electrostatic potentials revealed that embryonic astrocytes presented a pI of -2.8, while in newborn cells this value was -3.8. Removal of the sialic acid groups on the embryonic monolayer by neuraminidase treatment led to the immediate release of matrix-associated laminin. Interestingly, laminin reassembled 1 hour after neuraminidase removal converted to the features of the newborn matrix. Alternatively, treatment of astrocytes with the cholesterol-solubilizing detergent methyl-beta-cyclodextrin also resulted in release of the extracellular laminin. To test the hypothesis that sialic-acid-containing lipids localized at cholesterol-rich membrane domains could affect the process of laminin assembly, we devised a cell-free assay where laminin polymerization was carried out over artificial lipid films. Films of either a mixture of gangliosides or pure ganglioside GT1b induced formation of matrices of morpho-functional features similar to the matrices deposited by embryonic astrocytes. Conversely, films of phosphatidylcholine or ganglioside GM1 led to the formation of bulky laminin aggregates that lacked a defined structure. We propose that the expression of negative lipids on astrocytes can control the extracellular polymerization of laminin and, consequently, the permissivity to neuritogenesis of astrocytes during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Freire
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
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Mandal B, Kempf M, Merkle HP, Walter E. Immobilisation of GM-CSF onto particulate vaccine carrier systems. Int J Pharm 2004; 269:259-65. [PMID: 14698597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Physical connection of vaccine carriers with immunostimulating cytokines may provide an interesting possibility to enhance the immune response of protective or therapeutic vaccines. As a first evaluation, various aluminium hydroxide adjuvants and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticulates with modified positively and negatively charged surfaces were prepared to adsorb granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) under different pH conditions. Negatively charged surfaces were chosen to resemble physiological binding of GM-CSF to extracellular glycosaminoglycans, while modified positively charged surfaces may enhance GM-CSF adsorption due to electrostatic interaction. Release of GM-CSF was checked in vitro in a simulated interstitial environment. Anionic and cationic surfaces efficiently attracted GM-CSF to the carrier surface independently of the pH, while the composition of the carrier largely influenced the release of GM-CSF over time. Thus, the adsorption of GM-CSF to aluminium hydroxide adjuvants and PLGA microparticulates provides a simple and efficient possibility to physically connect the cytokine with these commonly used and potential vaccine carriers and may enable its localised delivery to the side of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Drug Formulation & Delivery Group, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, ETH Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Borojevic R, Carvalho MA, Corrêa-Junior JD, Arcanjo K, Gomes L, Joazeiro PP, Balduino A, Wettreich A, Coelho-Sampaio T. Stroma-mediated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) control of myelopoiesis: spatial organisation of intercellular interactions. Cell Tissue Res 2003; 313:55-62. [PMID: 12827492 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-003-0726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2003] [Accepted: 03/25/2003] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is one of the major cytokines involved in control of haemopoiesis both in bone marrow and in extramedullar sites. Its biological activity depends upon the composition and physicochemical properties of the microenvironment provided by the supporting stroma. GM-CSF activity is modulated and controlled by the stromal heparan-sulphate proteoglycans, but their optimal interaction occurs only at low pH. We questioned whether the microenvironment organisation of the interface between stroma and haemopoietic cells provides such conditions. We studied myeloid progenitor proliferation in contact with bone marrow-derived and extramedullar stromas using electron microscopy and selective labelling of pericellular components. We present evidence that, upon interaction, the two cell types reorganise their interface both in shape and molecular composition. Haemopoietic cells extend projections that considerably increase the area of intercellular contact, and stromal cells form lamellipodia and carry out a redistribution of membrane-associated sialylated glycoconjugates and proteoglycans. Such rearrangements lead to extensive capping of negatively charged molecules at the interface between the supporting stroma and the haemopoietic cells, leading potentially to a local decrease in pH. Our results indicate that the distribution of negative charges at the cellular interface may be responsible for the selectivity of cell response to GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radovan Borojevic
- Departamento de Histologia-Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-970, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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27
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Freire E, Gomes FCA, Linden R, Neto VM, Coelho-Sampaio T. Structure of laminin substrate modulates cellular signaling for neuritogenesis. J Cell Sci 2002; 115:4867-76. [PMID: 12432074 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminin, a major component of basement membranes, can self-assemble in vitro into a typical mesh-like structure, according to a mass-action-driven process. Previously, we showed that pH acidification dramatically increased the efficiency of laminin self-assembly, practically abolishing the necessity for a minimal protein concentration. Here we have characterized the morphologies of laminin matrices produced in either neutral or acidic conditions and compared their capacities to induce neuritogenesis of rat embryonic cortical neurons. Although laminin matrices formed in neutral buffer presented aggregates of heterogeneous morphology, the acidic matrix consisted of a homogeneous hexagonal sheet-like structure. The latter was comparable to the matrix assembled in vivo at the inner limiting membrane of the retina in newborn rats, shown here, and to matrices secreted by cultivated cells, shown elsewhere. The average neurite length of cortical neurons plated on acidic matrices was 244.9 micro m, whereas on neutral matrices this value dropped to 104.1 micro m. Increased neuritogenesis on the acidic matrix seemed to be associated with a higher degree of neuronal differentiation, since cell proliferation was immediately arrested upon plating, whereas on neutral matrices, the cell number increased six-fold within 24 hours. Investigation of the mechanisms mediating neurite outgrowth on each condition revealed that the extensive neuritogenesis observed on the acidic matrix involved activation of protein kinase A, whereas moderate neuritogenesis on neutral laminin was mediated by activation of protein kinase C and/or myosin light-chain kinase. Explants of cerebral cortex from P2 rats did not grow on the neutral laminin substrate but presented extensive cell migration and neurite outgrowth on the acidic laminin matrix. We propose that laminin can self-assemble independently of cell contact and that the assembling mode differentially modulates neuritogenesis and neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Freire
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil
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Somasundaram R, Ruehl M, Tiling N, Ackermann R, Schmid M, Riecken EO, Schuppan D. Collagens serve as an extracellular store of bioactive interleukin 2. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:38170-5. [PMID: 10982811 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006616200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of certain growth factors and cytokines to components of the extracellular matrix can regulate their local availability and modulate their biological activities. We show that interleukin 2 (IL-2), an important stimulator of T cell growth, preferentially binds to collagen types I, III, and VI and to a lesser degree to collagen types II, IV, and V, immobilized on polystyrene or nitrocellulose. These interactions are inhibited by denatured, single collagen chains or a subset of their cyanogen bromide peptides in a dose-dependent manner. Cross-inhibition experiments and ligand blotting of collagen-derived peptides point to a limited set of collagenous consensus sequences mediating the binding of IL-2. This interaction is saturable, with dissociation constants of approximately 10(-)(8) m, and estimated molar ratios of 4-6 molecules of IL-2 bound to one molecule of triple helical collagen. Furthermore, collagen-bound IL-2 stimulates proliferation of mouse lymphocytes. We conclude that its specific binding to the abundant interstitial collagens leads to a spatial pattern of bioavailable IL-2 which is dictated by the local organization of the collagenous extracellular matrix. This interaction may contribute to the particular phenotype of stromal lymphocytes and could be exploited for devising collagenous peptide analogues that modulate IL-2 bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Somasundaram
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Abstract
The supramolecular architecture of the basement membrane is provided by two enmeshed networks of collagen IV and laminin. The laminin network is maintained exclusively by interactions among individual laminin molecules and does not depend on the presence of other extracellular matrix components. Laminin polymers can be obtained in vitro either in solution or in association with the surface of bilayers containing acidic lipids. In this work, we have tested the hypothesis that the negative charges present on acidic lipids establish an acid microenvironment that is directly responsible for inducing laminin aggregation. Using light-scattering measurements, we show that laminin does not aggregate on vesicles of neutral lipids, whereas instantaneous aggregation occurs to progressively greater extents as the proportion of acidic phospholipids in the vesicles is increased. Aggregation of laminin induced by vesicles containing acidic phospholipids occurs very rapidly, so that maximal aggregation for each condition is reached within 1 min after laminin dilution. Aggregation depends on the presence of Ca(2+) ions, is reversed by increasing ionic strength, and can be detected at laminin concentrations as low as 6 nM. In addition, we show that, in the absence of vesicles, acidification of the bulk solution can also induce laminin self-polymerization through a process that exhibits the same properties as lipid-induced polymerization. The fact that there is a correspondence between the processes of self-polymerization of laminin in acidic medium and in neutral medium but in the presence of vesicles containing negatively charged lipids leads us to propose that the microenvironment of an acidic surface may trigger the assembly of laminin networks. In vivo, such an acidic microenvironment would be provided by negatively charged sialic acid and sulfate groups present in the glycocalyx surrounding the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Freire
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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