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Özvegy-Laczka C, Ungvári O, Bakos É. Fluorescence-based methods for studying activity and drug-drug interactions of hepatic solute carrier and ATP binding cassette proteins involved in ADME-Tox. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115448. [PMID: 36758706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In humans, approximately 70% of drugs are eliminated through the liver. This process is governed by the concerted action of membrane transporters and metabolic enzymes. Transporters mediating hepatocellular uptake of drugs belong to the SLC (Solute carrier) superfamily of transporters. Drug efflux either toward the portal vein or into the bile is mainly mediated by active transporters of the ABC (ATP Binding Cassette) family. Alteration in the function and/or expression of liver transporters due to mutations, disease conditions, or co-administration of drugs or food components can result in altered pharmacokinetics. On the other hand, drugs or food components interacting with liver transporters may also interfere with liver function (e.g., bile acid homeostasis) and may even cause liver toxicity. Accordingly, certain transporters of the liver should be investigated already at an early stage of drug development. Most frequently radioactive probes are applied in these drug-transporter interaction tests. However, fluorescent probes are cost-effective and sensitive alternatives to radioligands, and are gaining wider application in drug-transporter interaction tests. In our review, we summarize our current understanding about hepatocyte ABC and SLC transporters affected by drug interactions. We provide an update of the available fluorescent and fluorogenic/activable probes applicable in in vitro or in vivo testing of these ABC and SLC transporters, including near-infrared transporter probes especially suitable for in vivo imaging. Furthermore, our review gives a comprehensive overview of the available fluorescence-based methods, not directly relying on the transport of the probe, suitable for the investigation of hepatic ABC or SLC-type drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Özvegy-Laczka
- Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Ungvári
- Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Bakos
- Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Hungary
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2
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Sechi M, Lall RK, Afolabi SO, Singh A, Joshi DC, Chiu SY, Mukhtar H, Syed DN. Fisetin targets YB-1/RSK axis independent of its effect on ERK signaling: insights from in vitro and in vivo melanoma models. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15726. [PMID: 30356079 PMCID: PMC6200766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-proliferative activity of dietary flavonoid fisetin has been validated in various cancer models. Establishing its precise mechanism of action has proved somewhat challenging given the multiplicity of its targets. We demonstrated that YB-1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and its inhibition suppressed tumor cell proliferation and invasion. The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), an important ERK effector, activates YB-1 to drive melanoma growth. We found that fisetin treatment of monolayer/3-D melanoma cultures resulted in YB-1 dephosphorylation and reduced transcript levels. In parallel, fisetin suppressed mesenchymal markers and matrix-metalloproteinases in melanoma cells. Data from cell-free/cell-based systems indicated that fisetin inhibited RSK activity through binding to the kinase. Affinity studies for RSK isoforms evaluated stronger interaction for RSK2 than RSK1. Competition assays performed to monitor binding responses revealed that YB-1 and RSK2 do not compete, rather binding of fisetin to RSK2 promotes its binding to YB-1. Fisetin suppressed YB-1/RSK signaling independent of its effect on ERK, and reduced MDR1 levels. Comparable efficacy of fisetin and vemurafenib for inhibiting melanoma growth was noted albeit through divergent modulation of ERK. Our studies provide insight into additional modes of regulation through which fisetin interferes with melanoma growth underscoring its potential therapeutic efficacy in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rahul K Lall
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Saheed O Afolabi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Anant Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Dinesh C Joshi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Shing-Yan Chiu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Deeba N Syed
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
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3
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Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Tarasiuk J. Bioreductive activation of mitoxantrone by NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase does not change its apoptotic stimuli properties in regard to sensitive and multidrug resistant leukaemia HL60 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 721:141-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Corsini A, Bortolini M. Drug-induced liver injury: the role of drug metabolism and transport. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 53:463-74. [PMID: 23436293 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have pinpointed the significant contribution of liver-mediated drug metabolism and transport to the complexity of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Phase I cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes can lead to altered drug metabolism and formation of toxic metabolites, whilst Phase II enzymes are also associated with DILI. The emerging role of hepatic transporters in regulating the movement of endogenous and exogenous chemicals (e.g., bile acids and drugs) across cellular and tissue membranes is critical in determining the pathophysiology of liver disease as well as drug toxicity and efficacy. Genetic and environmental factors can have a significant impact on drug metabolism and transporter proteins, consequently increasing the risk of DILI in susceptible individuals. The assessment of these factors therefore represents an important approach for predicting and preventing DILI, by better understanding the pharmacological profile of a specific drug. This review focuses on the mechanisms of DILI associated with drug metabolism and hepatic transport, and how they can be influenced by underlying factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Corsini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Anthraquinone antitumour agents, doxorubicin, pirarubicin and benzoperimidine BP1, trigger caspase-3/caspase-8-dependent apoptosis of leukaemia sensitive HL60 and resistant HL60/VINC and HL60/DOX cells. Anticancer Drugs 2012; 23:380-92. [PMID: 22198116 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32834f8ab4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effect of selected anthraquinone antitumour agents - doxorubicin (DOX), pirarubicin (PIRA) and benzoperimidine BP1 - on inducing apoptosis of the sensitive leukaemia HL60 cell line and its multidrug resistance sublines overexpressing P-glycoprotein (HL60/VINC) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (HL60/DOX). All agents used at IC50 and IC90 were able to influence the cell cycle of sensitive HL60 and resistant cells and induce apoptosis. Interestingly, it was seen that HL60/VINC cells were more susceptible to undergo caspase-3/caspase-8-dependent apoptosis induced by the studied anthraquinone compounds compared with HL60 and HL60/DOX cells. However, the examined agents did not change the expression of Fas receptors on the surface of HL60-sensitive and-resistant cells.
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6
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Grodzovski I, Lichtenstein M, Galski H, Lorberboum-Galski H. IL-2-granzyme A chimeric protein overcomes multidrug resistance (MDR) through a caspase 3-independent apoptotic pathway. Int J Cancer 2011; 128:1966-80. [PMID: 20568105 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One of the main problems of conventional anticancer therapy is multidrug resistance (MDR), whereby cells acquire resistance to structurally and functionally unrelated drugs following chemotherapeutic treatment. One of the main causes of MDR is overexpression of the P-glycoprotein transporter. In addition to extruding the chemotherapeutic drugs, it also inhibits apoptosis through the inhibition of caspases. To overcome MDR, we constructed a novel chimeric protein, interleukin (IL)-2 granzyme A (IGA), using IL-2 as a targeting moiety and granzyme A as a killing moiety, fused at the cDNA level. IL-2 binds to the high-affinity IL-2 receptor that is expressed in an array of abnormal cells, including malignant cells. Granzyme A is known to cause caspase 3-independent cell death. We show here that the IGA chimeric protein enters the target sensitive and MDR cancer cells overexpressing IL-2 receptor and induces caspase 3-independent cell death. Specifically, after its entry, IGA causes a decrease in the mitochondrial potential, triggers translocation of nm23-H1, a granzyme A-dependent DNase, from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it causes single-strand DNA nicks, thus causing cell death. Moreover, IGA is able to overcome MDR and kill cells resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. We believe that overcoming MDR with targeted molecules such as IGA chimeric protein that causes caspase-independent apoptotic cell death could be applied to many other resistant types of tumors using the appropriate targeting moiety. Thus, this novel class of targeted molecules could open up new vistas in the fight against human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Grodzovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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7
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Ol’shevskaya VA, Savchenko AN, Zaitsev AV, Kononova EG, Petrovskii PV, Ramonova AA, Tatarskiy VV, Uvarov OV, Moisenovich MM, Kalinin VN, Shtil AA. Novel metal complexes of boronated chlorin e6 for photodynamic therapy. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Odening KE, Li W, Rutz R, Laufs S, Fruehauf S, Fishelson Z, Kirschfink M. Enhanced complement resistance in drug-selected P-glycoprotein expressing multi-drug-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2008; 155:239-48. [PMID: 19040611 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03817.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. There are contrasting data on a possible correlation between the level of expression of the drug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and susceptibility to complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). We therefore investigated the sensitivity of human ovarian carcinoma cells and their P-gp expressing MDR variants to complement. Chemoselected P-gp expressing MDR cells showed increased resistance to CDC associated with overexpression of membrane-bound complement regulatory proteins (mCRP) and increased release of the soluble inhibitors C1 inhibitor and factor I. MDR1 gene transfection alone did not alter the susceptibility of P-gp expressing A2780-MDR and SKOV3-MDR cells to CDC. However, subsequent vincristine treatment conferred an even higher resistance to complement to these cells, again associated with increased expression of mCRP. Blocking the function of P-gp with verapamil, cyclosporine A or the anti-P-gp-antibody MRK16 had no impact on their complement resistance, whereas blocking of mCRP enhanced their susceptibility to complement. These results suggest that enhanced resistance of chemoselected MDR ovarian carcinoma cells to CDC is not conferred by P-gp, but is due at least partly to overexpression of mCRP, probably induced by treatment with the chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Odening
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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9
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Glezer I, Simard AR, Rivest S. Neuroprotective role of the innate immune system by microglia. Neuroscience 2007; 147:867-83. [PMID: 17459594 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Innate immunity is a rapid series of reactions to pathogens, cell injuries and toxic proteins. A key component of this natural response is the production of inflammatory mediators by resident microglia and infiltrating macrophages. There is accumulating evidence that inflammation contributes to acute injuries and more chronic CNS diseases, though other studies have shown that inhibition of microglia is, in contrast, associated with more damages or less repair. The controversies regarding the neuroprotective and neurodegenerative properties of microglia may depend on the experimental approaches. Neurotoxic substances are frequently used to produce animal models of acute injuries or diseases and they may activate microglia either directly or indirectly by their ability to cause neuronal death and demyelination. Whether microglia and the immune response play a direct role in such processes still remains an open question. On the other hand, there are data supporting the role of resident microglia and those derived from the bone marrow in the stimulation of myelin repair, removal of toxic proteins from the CNS and the prevention of neurodegeneration in chronic brain diseases. The ability of glucocorticoids to provide a negative feedback on nuclear factor kappa B pathways in microglia may be a determinant mechanism underlying the ultimate fate of the inflammatory response in the CNS. This review presents new concepts regarding the neuroprotective role of the innate immune response in the brain and how microglia can be directed to improve recovery after injuries and prevent/delay neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Glezer
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, CHUL Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boul., Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
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10
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Paleeva AG, Onishchenko GE, Shtil AA. Mechanisms of apoptosis are retained in cells with P glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2006; 407:187-91. [PMID: 16739490 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496606020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A G Paleeva
- Moscow State University, Vorob'evy gory, Russia
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11
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Glezer I, Lapointe A, Rivest S. Innate immunity triggers oligodendrocyte progenitor reactivity and confines damages to brain injuries. FASEB J 2006; 20:750-2. [PMID: 16464958 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-5234fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Regarded as a damaging reaction, innate immune response can either improve or worsen brain outcome after injury. Hence, inflammatory molecules might modulate cell susceptibility or healing events. The remyelination that follows brain lesions is dependent on the recruitment of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and expression of genes controlling differentiation and myelin production, such as Olig1 and Olig2 bHLH transcription factors. We aimed to determine how innate immunity affects these processes. Here we report that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion triggered OPC reactivity. Acute inflammation changed the distribution of Olig1- and Olig2-expressing cells following chemical demyelination, enhanced reappearance of transcription signals linked to remyelination and rapidly cleared myelin debris. Although cells expressing Olig1, Olig2, and proteolipid protein were attracted to demyelinated sites in the course of chronic inflammation, myelin loss was not associated with the effects of inflammation on OPC reactivity. In addition, the beneficial properties of brain immunity are broadened to an aggressive model of injury, wherein LPS through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) reduced surfactant-mediated damage while anti-inflammatory treatment enlarged the lesion. In conclusion, TLR4 activation in microglia is a powerful mechanism for improving repair at the remyelination level and protecting the cerebral tissue in presence of agents with strong cytolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaias Glezer
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology CHUL Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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12
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Tainton KM, Smyth MJ, Jackson JT, Tanner JE, Cerruti L, Jane SM, Darcy PK, Johnstone RW. Mutational analysis of P-glycoprotein: suppression of caspase activation in the absence of ATP-dependent drug efflux. Cell Death Differ 2005; 11:1028-37. [PMID: 15131592 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) can induce multidrug resistance (MDR) through the ATP-dependent efflux of chemotherapeutic agents. We have previously shown that P-gp can inhibit nondrug apoptotic stimuli by suppressing the activation of caspases. To determine if this additional activity is functionally linked to ATP hydrolysis, we expressed wild-type and ATPase-mutant P-gp and showed that cells expressing mutant P-gp could not efflux chemotherapeutic drugs but remained relatively resistant to apoptosis. CEM lymphoma cells expressing mutant P-gp treated with vincristine showed a decrease in the fraction of cells with apoptotic morphology, cytochrome c release from the mitochondria and suppression of caspase activation, yet still accumulated in mitosis and showed a loss of clonogenic potential. The loss of clonogenicity in vincristine-treated cells expressing mutant P-gp was associated with accumulation of cells in mitosis and the presence of multinucleated cells consistent with mitotic catastrophe. The antiapoptotic effect of mutant P-gp was not affected by antibodies that inhibit the efflux function of the protein. These data are consistent with a dual activity model for P-gp-induced MDR involving both ATPase-dependent drug efflux and ATPase-independent inhibition of apoptosis. The structure-function analyses described herein provide novel insight into the mechanisms of action of P-gp in mediating MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Tainton
- Cancer Immunology Program, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Trescowthick Research Laboratories, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Wang J, Goh B, Lu W, Zhang Q, Chang A, Liu XY, Tan TMC, Lee H. In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Stealth Liposomes Co-encapsulating Doxorubicin and Verapamil on Doxorubicin-Resistant Tumor Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:822-8. [PMID: 15863886 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to successful clinical cancer chemotherapy. A novel doxorubicin anti-resistant Stealth liposomes (DARSLs), prepared by co-encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) and verapamil (VER) into stealth liposomes, has been developed. The average particle size of DARSLs was 118.1+/-22.3 nm. Encapsulation efficiencies of DOX and VER in DARSLs were greater than 95% and 70%, respectively. The IC(50) of DARSLs as measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in multidrug resistant rat prostate cancer Mat-LyLu-B2 (MLLB2) cells was 0.079+/-0.017 microM, 13 fold less than that for liposomal DOX with free VER (LDFV 0.96+/-0.46 microM) but only about 2 times less than FDFV. The IC(50) cytotoxicity on MLLB2 cells of the various formulations was as follows: DARSLs approximately LDLV<FDFV<FDLV<LDFV<LD<FD, (LD: liposomal DOX; LV: liposomal VER; FD: free DOX; FV: free VER). Similar cytotoxicities were shown between DARSLs and FDFV in DOX-resistant human uterus sarcoma MES-SA/DX5 cells, reversing DOX-resistance to that shown by FD on DOX-sensitive MES-SA cells. For MLLB2 cells, DARSLs was the most cytotoxic, but its intracellular concentration of DOX, measured as mean cellular fluorescence with flow cytometry was lower (p<0.01) than that observed with the FDFV formulation. In conclusion, DARSLs was an effective DOX formulation which could overcome drug resistance in DOX-resistant tumor cells, but its mechanisms of action may be complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- JianCheng Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore
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14
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Geromin D, Bourge JF, Soulié A, Pawliuk R, Fleet C, Michel E, Denizot Y, Berthou C, Leboulch P, Sigaux F, Sasportes M. Glycoprotein 170 induces platelet-activating factor receptor membrane expression and confers tumor cell hypersensitivity to NK-dependent cell lysis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 172:3604-11. [PMID: 15004162 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.6.3604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) confers resistance to anticancer drugs and reduces therapeutic efficiency. It is often characterized by the expression of the MDR1 gene product P-glycoprotein (or gp170) at the membrane of tumor cells. To further propose a potential complementary tool in cancer treatment, the sensitivity of gp170 tumor cells to NK-dependent lysis was investigated. Two kinds of cells were generated from wild-type K562 erythroleukemic cells: the first were derived from Taxol-selected cells and cloned, whereas the second were retrovirally transduced by the cDNA of the MDR1 gene. The last process was also applied to the human embryonal carcinoma cells called Tera-2 cells. First, both cloned and MDR-1 K562 cells appeared highly susceptible to naive NK cell killing. Interestingly, in addition, Tera-2 cells that were not sensitive to NK lysis could be killed when they expressed gp170 at their membranes. In previous data, we demonstrated that NK cell release of bimolecular complexes composed of perforin and platelet-activating factor (PAF) interacting with the PAF-R, which has to be expressed on the target cell membranes, were components of NK tumor cell killing. In the present study, we show that gp170 has the capacity to drive constitutive PAF-R expression on tumor cells, which could be responsible for hypersensitivity to NK lysis and accelerated cell death.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
- Carcinoma, Embryonal/immunology
- Carcinoma, Embryonal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Embryonal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Membrane/immunology
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cell Membrane/pathology
- Clone Cells
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/immunology
- Genes, MDR/immunology
- Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Glycoproteins/physiology
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Paclitaxel/pharmacology
- Platelet Activating Factor/metabolism
- Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/biosynthesis
- Retroviridae/genetics
- Teratoma/immunology
- Teratoma/metabolism
- Teratoma/pathology
- Transduction, Genetic
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Geromin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 462, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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15
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Treichel RS, Bunuan M, Hahn N, Wee K. Altered conjugate formation and altered apoptosis of multidrug-resistant human leukemia cell line affects susceptibility to killing by activated natural killer (NK) cells. Int J Cancer 2003; 108:78-85. [PMID: 14618619 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Most leukemias that exhibit P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-associated multidrug resistance (MDR) exhibit reduced susceptibility to immune cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer (NK) cells. To explore this phenomenon we investigated N6/ADR, a doxorubicin-selected, P-gp-positive variant of the human acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line NALM6. Each stage of the NK cytolytic pathway, (binding, activation and killing) was evaluated to identify the alterations responsible for the reduced cytotoxicity of the variant relative to its drug-sensitive parental line. The major cause of the decreased susceptibility to NK cytolysis was found to be reduced conjugate formation by the MDR variant. Activation of NK effectors by parental and MDR cells with concomitant release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) correlated with conjugate formation. N6/ADR was also more resistant than NALM6 to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and to cytotoxic factors released from NK cells as measured both by 51Cr-release and by DNA fragmentation. This is the first report of a P-gp-positive leukemic line that exhibits reduced conjugate formation as well as increased resistance to NK-mediated killing mechanisms. Our results suggest caution in the use of NK-based immunotherapy as an alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant leukemias.
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Tajima A, Tanaka T, Ebata T, Takeda K, Kawasaki A, Kelly JM, Darcy PK, Vance RE, Raulet DH, Kinoshita K, Okumura K, Smyth MJ, Yagita H. Blastocyst MHC, a putative murine homologue of HLA-G, protects TAP-deficient tumor cells from natural killer cell-mediated rejection in vivo. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 171:1715-21. [PMID: 12902470 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.4.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Blastocyst MHC is a recently identified mouse MHC class Ib gene, which is selectively expressed in blastocyst and placenta, and may be the mouse homolog of HLA-G gene the products of which have been implicated in protection of fetal trophoblasts from maternal NK cells and evasion of some tumor cells from NK cell attack. In this study, we identified two blastocyst MHC gene transcripts encoding a full-length alpha-chain (bc1) and an alternatively spliced form lacking the alpha2 domain (bc2), which may be homologous to HLA-G1 and HLA-G2, respectively. Both placenta and a teratocarcinoma cell line predominantly expressed the bc2 transcript. When these cDNAs were expressed in TAP-deficient RMA-S or TAP-sufficient RMA cells, only bc1 protein was expressed on the surface of RMA cells, but both bc1 and bc2 proteins were retained in the cytoplasm of RMA-S cells. Significantly, the RMA-S cells expressing either bc1 or bc2 were protected from lysis by NK cells in vitro. This protection was at least partly mediated by up-regulation of Qa-1(b) expression on the surface of RMA-S cells, which engaged the CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptor on NK cells. More importantly, the bc1- or bc2-expressing RMA-S cells were significantly protected from NK cell-mediated rejection in vivo. These results suggested a role for blastocyst MHC in protecting TAP-deficient trophoblasts and tumor cells from NK cell attack in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Alternative Splicing/immunology
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Blastocyst/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/deficiency
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Female
- Graft Rejection/genetics
- Graft Rejection/immunology
- Graft Rejection/prevention & control
- H-2 Antigens/biosynthesis
- H-2 Antigens/genetics
- H-2 Antigens/physiology
- HLA Antigens/biosynthesis
- HLA Antigens/isolation & purification
- HLA Antigens/physiology
- HLA-G Antigens
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/biosynthesis
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/isolation & purification
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/physiology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/genetics
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/physiology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Sequence Data
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Nuclear Proteins
- Pregnancy
- Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis
- Protein Isoforms/isolation & purification
- Protein Isoforms/physiology
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
- Receptors, Natural Killer Cell
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Transfection
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Immunology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Ruefli AA, Johnstone RW. A role for P-glycoprotein in regulating cell growth and survival. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1529-1049(03)00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Donnenberg VS, Burckart GJ, Donnenberg AD. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function in T cells: implications for organ transplantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1529-1049(03)00004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a family of large proteins in membranes and are able to transport a variety of compounds through membranes against steep concentration gradients at the cost of ATP hydrolysis. The available outline of the human genome contains 48 ABC genes; 16 of these have a known function and 14 are associated with a defined human disease. Major physiological functions of ABC transporters include the transport of lipids, bile salts, toxic compounds, and peptides for antigen presentation or other purposes. We review the functions of mammalian ABC transporters, emphasizing biochemical mechanisms and genetic defects. Our overview illustrates the importance of ABC transporters in human physiology, toxicology, pharmacology, and disease. We focus on three topics: (a) ABC transporters transporting drugs (xenotoxins) and drug conjugates. (b) Mammalian secretory epithelia using ABC transporters to excrete a large number of substances, sometimes against a steep concentration gradient. Several inborn errors in liver metabolism are due to mutations in one of the genes for these pumps; these are discussed. (c) A rapidly increasing number of ABC transporters are found to play a role in lipid transport. Defects in each of these transporters are involved in human inborn or acquired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Borst
- Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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20
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Shtil AA. P-glycoprotein as a therapeutic target: good news. Leukemia 2002; 16:2169-70. [PMID: 12357378 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2002] [Accepted: 04/30/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Cockeran R, Anderson R, Feldman C. The role of pneumolysin in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2002; 15:235-9. [PMID: 12015456 DOI: 10.1097/00001432-200206000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In addition to being cytotoxic for eukaryotic cells, recent research has clearly indicated that pneumolysin at sub-cytolytic concentrations potentiates the proinflammatory activities of neutrophils and macrophages. Together these cytotoxic and proinflammatory activities of the toxin are likely to contribute to the virulence of the pneumococcus, particularly in facilitating adherence, invasion and dissemination of this important microbial pathogen. Pneumolysin-based vaccine strategies, although in the early stages of development and evaluation, show promise in reducing the severity of pneumococcal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riana Cockeran
- Medical Research Council Unit for Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
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22
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Kelly JM, Takeda K, Darcy PK, Yagita H, Smyth MJ. A role for IFN-gamma in primary and secondary immunity generated by NK cell-sensitive tumor-expressing CD80 in vivo. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 168:4472-9. [PMID: 11970991 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.9.4472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the primary and secondary immunity generated in vivo by a MHC class I-deficient tumor cell line that expressed CD80 (B7-1). CD80 expression enhanced primary NK cell-mediated tumor rejection in vivo and T cell immunity against secondary tumor challenge. CD80 expression enhanced primary NK cell-mediated tumor rejection, and both NK cell perforin and IFN-gamma activity were critical for the rejection of MHC class I-deficient RMA-S-CD80 tumor cells. This primary rejection process stimulated the subsequent development of specific CTL and Th1 responses against Ags expressed by the MHC class I-deficient RMA-S tumor cells. The development of effective secondary T cell immunity could be elicited by irradiated RMA-S-CD80 tumor cells and was dependent upon NK cells and IFN-gamma in the priming response. Our findings demonstrate a key role for IFN-gamma in innate and adaptive immunity triggered by CD80 expression on tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice M Kelly
- Cancer Immunology Program, Sir Donald and Lady Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Shtil AA. Multifactorial drug resistance: P-glycoprotein on the apex of the pyramid. JOURNAL OF HEMATOTHERAPY & STEM CELL RESEARCH 2002; 11:437-9. [PMID: 11983116 DOI: 10.1089/152581602753658637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Shtil
- Department of Medicine and Program in Cell Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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24
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Kelly JM, Darcy PK, Markby JL, Godfrey DI, Takeda K, Yagita H, Smyth MJ. Induction of tumor-specific T cell memory by NK cell-mediated tumor rejection. Nat Immunol 2002; 3:83-90. [PMID: 11743585 DOI: 10.1038/ni746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells may modulate the development of adaptive immune responses, but until now there has been little evidence to support this hypothesis. We investigated the primary and secondary immunity elicited by various tumor cell lines that express CD70 and interact with CD70 ligand (CD27), which is constitutively expressed on NK cells. CD70 expression enhanced primary tumor rejection in vivo as well as T cell immunity against secondary tumor challenge. Primary rejection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-deficient RMA-S.CD70 tumor cells was mediated by NK cells and perforin- and interferon-gamma-dependent mechanisms. This NK cell-mediated process also efficiently evoked the subsequent development of tumor-specific cytotoxic and T helper type 1 responses to the parental, MHC class I-sufficient, RMA tumor cells. Thus CD27-CD70 interactions provide a key link between innate NK cell responses and adaptive T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice M Kelly
- Cancer Immunology Program, Sir Donald and Lady Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, St. Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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