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Chen Y, Xu C, Sun M, Zhao G, Wang Z, Lv C. Vertasile ferritin nanocages: Applications in detection and bioimaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 262:116567. [PMID: 39013360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Food safety and human health remain significant concerns in the food industry. Detecting food contaminants and diagnosing diseases are critical aspects. Ferritin, an iron storage protein widely found in nature, offers unique advantages. Its hollow protein nanocage structure, distinct interfaces, hydrophobic or hydrophilic channels, and B-C loop regions recognized by transferrin receptor 1 make ferritin versatile for detecting heavy metals, free radicals, and bioimaging both in vitro and in vivo. This review summarizes ferritin's general characteristics, its specific properties as biosensors, and its applications in food safety and in vivo imaging. It emphasizes not only ferritin's role in detecting heavy metals like mercury and chemical hazards but also its potential in early diagnosing chronic diseases such as tumors, macrophages, and kidney diseases. Further research into ferritin promises advancements in enhancing food safety and improving human health diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Chen
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhongjiang Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, Beijing, PR China.
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2
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Boopathy LK, Gopal T, Roy A, Kalari Kandy RR, Arumugam MK. Recent trends in macromolecule-conjugated hybrid quantum dots for cancer theranostic applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18760-18774. [PMID: 37346950 PMCID: PMC10281231 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02673f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are small nanoparticles with semiconductor properties ranging from 2 to 10 nanometers comprising 10-50 atoms. The single wavelength excitation character of QDs makes it more significant, as it can excite multiple particles in a confined surface simultaneously by narrow emission. QDs are more photostable than traditional organic dyes; however, when injected into tissues, whole animals, or ionic solutions, there is a significant loss of fluorescence. HQD-based probes conjugated with cancer-specific ligands, antibodies, or peptides are used in clinical diagnosis. It is more precise and reliable than standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) at minimal protein expression levels. Advanced clinical studies use photodynamic therapy (PDT) with fluorescence imaging to effectively identify and treat cancer. Recent studies revealed that a combination of unique characteristics of QDs, including their fluorescence capacity and abnormal expression of miRNA in cancer cells, were used for the detection and monitoring progression of cancer. In this review, we have highlighted the unique properties of QDs and the theranostic behavior of various macromolecule-conjugated HQDs leading to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Molecular Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, MAHER Kanchipuram 631552 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai-600119 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai-600077 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rakhee Rathnam Kalari Kandy
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore-21201 MD USA
| | - Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai-600119 Tamil Nadu India +91-9942110146
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3
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Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots for Effective Tumor Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2023.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Abstract
Over the years, the engineering aspect of nanotechnology has been significantly exploited. Medical intervention strategies have been developed by leveraging existing molecular biology knowledge and combining it with nanotechnology tools to improve outcomes. However, little attention has been paid to harnessing the strengths of nanotechnology as a biological discovery tool. Fundamental understanding of controlling dynamic biological processes at the subcellular level is key to developing personalized therapeutic and diagnostic interventions. Single-cell analyses using intravital microscopy, expansion microscopy, and microfluidic-based platforms have been helping to better understand cell heterogeneity in healthy and diseased cells, a major challenge in oncology. Also, single-cell analysis has revealed critical signaling pathways and biological intracellular components with key biological functions. The physical manipulation enabled by nanotools can allow real-time monitoring of biological changes at a single-cell level by sampling intracellular fluid from the same cell. The formation of intercellular highways by nanotube-like structures has important clinical implications such as metastasis development. The integration of nanomaterials into optical and molecular imaging techniques has rendered valuable morphological, structural, and biological information. Nanoscale imaging unravels mechanisms of temporality by enabling the visualization of nanoscale dynamics never observed or measured between individual cells with standard biological techniques. The exceptional sensitivity of nanozymes, artificial enzymes, make them perfect components of the next-generation mobile diagnostics devices. Here, we highlight these impactful cancer-related biological discoveries enabled by nanotechnology and producing a paradigm shift in cancer research and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Salvador-Morales
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Piotr Grodzinski
- Nanodelivery Systems and Devices Branch, Cancer Imaging Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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Tayama M, Inose T, Yamauchi N, Nakashima K, Tokunaga M, Kato C, Gonda K, Kobayashi Y. Fabrication of gold-immobilized quantum dots/silica core–shell nanoparticles and their multimodal imaging properties. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2021.1934918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tayama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
| | - T. Inose
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - N. Yamauchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
| | - K. Nakashima
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
| | - M. Tokunaga
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - C. Kato
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - K. Gonda
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Center for Synchrotron Radiation Innovation Smart (SRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y. Kobayashi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
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6
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Antibody-Targeted Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9898-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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7
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Amin K, Moscalu R, Imere A, Murphy R, Barr S, Tan Y, Wong R, Sorooshian P, Zhang F, Stone J, Fildes J, Reid A, Wong J. The future application of nanomedicine and biomimicry in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2679-2696. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic surgery encompasses a broad spectrum of reconstructive challenges and prides itself upon developing and adopting new innovations. Practice has transitioned from microsurgery to supermicrosurgery with a possible future role in even smaller surgical frontiers. Exploiting materials on a nanoscale has enabled better visualization and enhancement of biological processes toward better wound healing, tumor identification and viability of tissues, all cornerstones of plastic surgery practice. Recent advances in nanomedicine and biomimicry herald further reconstructive progress facilitating soft and hard tissue, nerve and vascular engineering. These lay the foundation for improved biocompatibility and tissue integration by the optimization of engineered implants or tissues. This review will broadly examine each of these technologies, highlighting areas of progress that reconstructive surgeons may not be familiar with, which could see adoption into our armamentarium in the not-so-distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavit Amin
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Roxana Moscalu
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Imere
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering Research Institutes, The University of Manchester, MSS Tower, Manchester, UK
| | - Ralph Murphy
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon Barr
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Youri Tan
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Wong
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Parviz Sorooshian
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Fei Zhang
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering Research Institutes, The University of Manchester, MSS Tower, Manchester, UK
| | - John Stone
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - James Fildes
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason Wong
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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8
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Study on intracellular delivery of liposome encapsulated quantum dots using advanced fluorescence microscopy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10504. [PMID: 31324829 PMCID: PMC6642191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots increasingly gain popularity for in vivo applications. However, their delivery and accumulation into cells can be challenging and there is still lack of detailed information. Thereby, the application of advanced fluorescence techniques can expand the portfolio of useful parameters for a more comprehensive evaluation. Here, we encapsulated hydrophilic quantum dots into liposomes for studying cellular uptake of these so-called lipodots into living cells. First, we investigated photophysical properties of free quantum dots and lipodots observing changes in the fluorescence decay time and translational diffusion behaviour. In comparison to empty liposomes, lipodots exhibited an altered zeta potential, whereas their hydrodynamic size did not change. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), both combined with two-photon excitation (2P), were used to investigate the interaction behaviour of lipodots with an insect epithelial tissue. In contrast to the application of free quantum dots, their successful delivery into the cytosol of salivary gland duct cells could be observed when applying lipodots. Lipodots with different lipid compositions and surface charges did not result in considerable differences in the intracellular labelling pattern, luminescence decay time and diffusion behaviour. However, quantum dot degradation after intracellular accumulation could be assumed from reduced luminescence decay times and blue-shifted luminescence signals. In addition to single diffusing quantum dots, possible intracellular clustering of quantum dots could be assumed from increased diffusion times. Thus, by using a simple and manageable liposome carrier system, 2P-FLIM and 2P-FCS recording protocols could be tested, which are promising for investigating the fate of quantum dots during cellular interaction.
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Ajdžanovic V, Filipovic B, Miljic D, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Miler M, Živanovic J, Miloševic V. Prostate cancer metastasis and soy isoflavones: a dogfight over a bone. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:106-126. [PMID: 30956643 PMCID: PMC6449674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex, progressive, bone-tropic disease, which is usually associated with skeletal issues, poor mobility and a fatal outcome when it reaches the metastatic phase. Soy isoflavones, steroid-like compounds from soy-based food/dietary supplements, have been found to decrease the risk of prostate cancer in frequent consumers. Herein, we present a systematization of the data on soy isoflavone effects at different stages of metastatic prostate cancer progression, with a particular interest in the context of bone-related molecular events. Specifically, soy isoflavones have been determined to downregulate the prostate cancer cell androgen receptors, reverse the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of these cells, decrease the expressions of prostate-specific antigen, matrix metalloproteinase and serine proteinase, and reduce the superficial membrane fluidity in prostate cancer cells. In addition, soy isoflavones suppress the angiogenesis that follows prostate cancer growth, obstruct prostate cancer cells adhesion to the vascular endothelium and their extravasation in the area of future bone lesions, improve the general bone morphofunctional status, have a beneficial effect on prostate cancer metastasis-caused osteolytic/osteoblastic lesions and possibly affect the pre-metastatic niche formation. The observed, multilevel antimetastatic properties of soy isoflavones imply that they should be considered as promising components of combined therapeutic approaches to advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ajdžanovic
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Filipovic
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Miljic
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Diseases of Metabolism, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Miler
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Živanovic
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Miloševic
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Fujita H, Zhong C, Arai S, Suzuki M. Bright Dots and Smart Optical Microscopy to Probe Intracellular Events in Single Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 6:204. [PMID: 30662896 PMCID: PMC6328461 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing intracellular events is a key step in developing new biomedical methodologies. Optical microscopy has been one of the best options to observe biological samples at single cell and sub-cellular resolutions. Morphological changes are readily detectable in brightfield images. When stained with fluorescent molecules, distributions of intracellular organelles, and biological molecules are made visible using fluorescence microscopes. In addition to these morphological views of cells, optical microscopy can reveal the chemical and physical status of defined intracellular spaces. This review begins with a brief overview of genetically encoded fluorescent probes and small fluorescent chemical dyes. Although these are the most common approaches, probing is also made possible by using tiny materials that are incorporated into cells. When these tiny materials emit enough photons, it is possible to draw conclusions about the environment in which the tiny material resides. Recent advances in these tiny but sufficiently bright fluorescent materials are nextly reviewed to show their applications in tracking target molecules and in temperature imaging of intracellular spots. The last section of this review addresses purely optical methods for reading intracellular status without staining with probes. These non-labeling methods are especially essential when biospecimens are thereafter required for in vivo uses, such as in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Fujita
- WASEDA Bioscience Research Institute in Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chongxia Zhong
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Arai
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- PRIME-AMED, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Madoka Suzuki
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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11
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Avitabile E, Bedognetti D, Ciofani G, Bianco A, Delogu LG. How can nanotechnology help the fight against breast cancer? NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11719-11731. [PMID: 29917035 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02796j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this review we provide a broad overview on the use of nanotechnology for the fight against breast cancer (BC). Nowadays, detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention may be possible thanks to the application of nanotechnology to clinical practice. Taking into consideration the different forms of BC and the disease status, nanomaterials can be designed to meet the most forefront objectives of modern therapy and diagnosis. We have analyzed in detail three main groups of nanomaterial applications for BC treatment and diagnosis. We have identified several types of drugs successfully conjugated with nanomaterials. We have analyzed the main important imaging techniques and all nanomaterials used to help the non-invasive, early detection of the lesions. Moreover, we have examined theranostic nanomaterials as unique tools, combining imaging, detection, and therapy for BC. This state of the art review provides a useful guide depicting how nanotechnology can be used to overcome the current barriers in BC clinical practice, and how it will shape the future scenario of treatments, prevention, and diagnosis, revolutionizing the current approaches, e.g., reducing the suffering related to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Avitabile
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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12
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Single quantum dot tracking reveals the impact of nanoparticle surface on intracellular state. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1830. [PMID: 29739927 PMCID: PMC5940692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inefficient delivery of macromolecules and nanoparticles to intracellular targets is a major bottleneck in drug delivery, genetic engineering, and molecular imaging. Here we apply live-cell single-quantum-dot imaging and tracking to analyze and classify nanoparticle states after intracellular delivery. By merging trajectory diffusion parameters with brightness measurements, multidimensional analysis reveals distinct and heterogeneous populations that are indistinguishable using single parameters alone. We derive new quantitative metrics of particle loading, cluster distribution, and vesicular release in single cells, and evaluate intracellular nanoparticles with diverse surfaces following osmotic delivery. Surface properties have a major impact on cell uptake, but little impact on the absolute cytoplasmic numbers. A key outcome is that stable zwitterionic surfaces yield uniform cytosolic behavior, ideal for imaging agents. We anticipate that this combination of quantum dots and single-particle tracking can be widely applied to design and optimize next-generation imaging probes, nanoparticle therapeutics, and biologics.
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BRMS1 gene expression may be associated with clinico-pathological features of breast cancer. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170672. [PMID: 28533425 PMCID: PMC5563535 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Our aim is to investigate whether or not the breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) gene expression is directly linked to clinico-pathological features of breast cancer. Following a stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria, case–control studies with associations between BRMS1 and breast cancer were selected from articles obtained by way of searches conducted through an electronic database. All statistical analyses were performed with Stata 12.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, U.S.A.). Ultimately, 1,263 patients with breast cancer were found in a meta-analysis retrieved from a total that included 12 studies. Results of our meta-analysis suggested that BRMS1 protein in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower in comparison with normal breast tissues (odds ratio, OR = 0.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.04–0.15). The BRMS1 protein in metastatic breast cancer tissue was decreased than from that was found in non-metastatic breast cancer tissue (OR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.13–0.29), and BRMS1 protein in tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages 1 and 2 was found to be higher than TNM stages 3 and 4 (OR = 4.62, 95%CI = 2.77–7.70). BRMS1 protein in all three major types of breast cancer was lower than that of control tissues respectively. We also found strong correlations between BRMS1 mRNA levels and TNM stage and tumor size. The results our meta-analysis showed that reduction in BRMS1 expression level was linked directly to clinico-pathological features of breast cancer significantly; therefore, suggesting the loss of expression or reduced levels of BRMS1 is potentially a strong indicator of the metastatic capacity of breast cancer with poor prognosis.
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Quantitative diagnostic imaging of cancer tissues by using phosphor-integrated dots with ultra-high brightness. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7509. [PMID: 28790306 PMCID: PMC5548777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06534-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantitative sensitivity and dynamic range of conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (IHC-DAB) used in pathological diagnosis in hospitals are poor, because enzyme activity can affect the IHC-DAB chromogenic reaction. Although fluorescent IHC can effectively increase the quantitative sensitivity of conventional IHC, tissue autofluorescence interferes with the sensitivity. Here, we created new fluorescent nanoparticles called phosphor-integrated dots (PIDs). PIDs have 100-fold greater brightness and a more than 300-fold greater dynamic range than those of commercially available fluorescent nanoparticles, quantum dots, whose fluorescence intensity is comparable to tissue autofluorescence. Additionally, a newly developed image-processing method enabled the calculation of the PID particle number in the obtained image. To quantify the sensitivity of IHC using PIDs (IHC-PIDs), the IHC-PIDs method was compared with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), a method well suited for evaluating total protein amount, and the two values exhibited strong correlation (R = 0.94). We next applied IHC-PIDs to categorize the response to molecular target-based drug therapy in breast cancer patients. The results suggested that the PID particle number estimated by IHC-PIDs of breast cancer tissues obtained from biopsy before chemotherapy can provide a score for predicting the therapeutic effect of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeted drug trastuzumab.
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Abstract
Imaging is widely used in anticancer drug development, typically for whole-body tracking of labelled drugs to different organs or to assess drug efficacy through volumetric measurements. However, increasing attention has been drawn to pharmacology at the single-cell level. Diverse cell types, including cancer-associated immune cells, physicochemical features of the tumour microenvironment and heterogeneous cell behaviour all affect drug delivery, response and resistance. This Review summarizes developments in the imaging of in vivo anticancer drug action, with a focus on microscopy approaches at the single-cell level and translational lessons for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A. Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Miller MA, Weissleder R. Imaging the pharmacology of nanomaterials by intravital microscopy: Toward understanding their biological behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:61-86. [PMID: 27266447 PMCID: PMC5136524 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can theoretically be accomplished actively through coating NPs with molecular ligands, and passively through exploiting physiological "enhanced permeability and retention" features. However, clinical trial results have been mixed in showing improved efficacy with drug nanoencapsulation, largely due to heterogeneous NP accumulation at target sites across patients. Thus, a clear need exists to better understand why many NP strategies fail in vivo and not result in significantly improved tumor uptake or therapeutic response. Multicolor in vivo confocal fluorescence imaging (intravital microscopy; IVM) enables integrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measurement at the single-cell level, and has helped answer key questions regarding the biological mechanisms of in vivo NP behavior. This review summarizes progress to date and also describes useful technical strategies for successful IVM experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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17
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Samadikhah HR, Nikkhah M, Hosseinkhani S. Enhancement of cell internalization and photostability of red and green emitter quantum dots upon entrapment in novel cationic nanoliposomes. LUMINESCENCE 2016; 32:517-528. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Samadikhah
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Nikkhah
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
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18
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Boonstra MC, de Geus SWL, Prevoo HAJM, Hawinkels LJAC, van de Velde CJH, Kuppen PJK, Vahrmeijer AL, Sier CFM. Selecting Targets for Tumor Imaging: An Overview of Cancer-Associated Membrane Proteins. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:119-133. [PMID: 27721658 PMCID: PMC5040425 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s38542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor targeting is a booming business: The global therapeutic monoclonal antibody market accounted for more than $78 billion in 2012 and is expanding exponentially. Tumors can be targeted with an extensive arsenal of monoclonal antibodies, ligand proteins, peptides, RNAs, and small molecules. In addition to therapeutic targeting, some of these compounds can also be applied for tumor visualization before or during surgery, after conjugation with radionuclides and/or near-infrared fluorescent dyes. The majority of these tumor-targeting compounds are directed against cell membrane-bound proteins. Various categories of targetable membrane-bound proteins, such as anchoring proteins, receptors, enzymes, and transporter proteins, exist. The functions and biological characteristics of these proteins determine their location and distribution on the cell membrane, making them more, or less, accessible, and therefore, it is important to understand these features. In this review, we evaluate the characteristics of cancer-associated membrane proteins and discuss their overall usability for cancer targeting, especially focusing on imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Boonstra
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Susanna W L de Geus
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lukas J A C Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.; Antibodies for Research Applications BV, Gouda, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis F M Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.; Antibodies for Research Applications BV, Gouda, the Netherlands
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19
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Miyashita M, Gonda K, Tada H, Watanabe M, Kitamura N, Kamei T, Sasano H, Ishida T, Ohuchi N. Quantitative diagnosis of HER2 protein expressing breast cancer by single-particle quantum dot imaging. Cancer Med 2016; 5:2813-2824. [PMID: 27666577 PMCID: PMC5083734 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of HER2 is one of the major causes of breast cancer, and therefore precise diagnosis of its protein expression level is important. However, current methods estimating the HER2‐expression level are insufficient due to problem with the lack of quantification. This might result in a gap between diagnostics and therapeutics targeting HER2. Therefore, a new effective diagnostic method is needed. We developed a new immunohistochemical (IHC) technique with quantum dots (QD)‐conjugated trastuzumab using single‐particle imaging to quantitatively measure the HER2 expression level. Tissues from 37 breast cancer patients with available detailed clinical information were tested by IHC with QDs (IHC‐QD) and the correlation with IHC with 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine (DAB), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and IHC‐QD was examined. The number of QD‐conjugated trastuzumab particles binding specifically to a cancer cell was precisely calculated as the IHC‐QD score. The IHC‐QD score in 37 cases was correlated proportionally with the score of HER2 gene copy number as assessed by FISH (R = 0.83). When HER2 positivity was judged to be positive, the IHC‐QD score with our cut‐off level was exactly concordant with the FISH score with a cut‐off value of 2.0. Furthermore, IHC‐QDs score and time to progression (TTP) of trastuzumab therapy were well correlated in HER2‐positive cases (R = 0.69). Conversely, the correlation between FISH score and TTP was not observed. We developed a precisely quantitative IHC method using trastuzumab‐conjugated QDs and single‐particle imaging analysis and propose the possibility of using IHC‐QDs score as a predictive factor for trastuzumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. .,Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Narufumi Kitamura
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ohuchi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.,Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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20
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Sergé A. The Molecular Architecture of Cell Adhesion: Dynamic Remodeling Revealed by Videonanoscopy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:36. [PMID: 27200348 PMCID: PMC4854873 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane delimits the cell, which is the basic unit of living organisms, and is also a privileged site for cell communication with the environment. Cell adhesion can occur through cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. Adhesion proteins such as integrins and cadherins also constitute receptors for inside-out and outside-in signaling within proteolipidic platforms. Adhesion molecule targeting and stabilization relies on specific features such as preferential segregation by the sub-membrane cytoskeleton meshwork and within membrane proteolipidic microdomains. This review presents an overview of the recent insights brought by the latest developments in microscopy, to unravel the molecular remodeling occurring at cell contacts. The dynamic aspect of cell adhesion was recently highlighted by super-resolution videomicroscopy, also named videonanoscopy. By circumventing the diffraction limit of light, nanoscopy has allowed the monitoring of molecular localization and behavior at the single-molecule level, on fixed and living cells. Accessing molecular-resolution details such as quantitatively monitoring components entering and leaving cell contacts by lateral diffusion and reversible association has revealed an unexpected plasticity. Adhesion structures can be highly specialized, such as focal adhesion in motile cells, as well as immune and neuronal synapses. Spatiotemporal reorganization of adhesion molecules, receptors, and adaptors directly relates to structure/function modulation. Assembly of these supramolecular complexes is continuously balanced by dynamic events, remodeling adhesions on various timescales, notably by molecular conformation switches, lateral diffusion within the membrane and endo/exocytosis. Pathological alterations in cell adhesion are involved in cancer evolution, through cancer stem cell interaction with stromal niches, growth, extravasation, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnauld Sergé
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Équipe "Interactions Leuco/Stromales", Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1068, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7258, Aix-Marseille Université UM105 Marseille, France
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21
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Liang C, Xu L, Song G, Liu Z. Emerging nanomedicine approaches fighting tumor metastasis: animal models, metastasis-targeted drug delivery, phototherapy, and immunotherapy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:6250-6269. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00458j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine approaches may bring new opportunities for tumor metastasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Ligeng Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Guosheng Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- China
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22
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Mukherjee A, Shim Y, Myong Song J. Quantum dot as probe for disease diagnosis and monitoring. Biotechnol J 2015; 11:31-42. [PMID: 26709963 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QD) possess unique optical and electric properties like size-tunable light emission, narrow emission range, high brightness and photostability. Recent research advances have minimized the toxicity of QDs and they are successfully used in in vitro and in vivo imaging. Encapsulation of QDs into polymeric nanoparticles and linking them with targeting ligands enabled the detection of tumors and cancer cells in vivo. QD-antibody conjugates were successfully used in monitoring and diagnosis of HIV and myocardial infarction. Application of near infrared (NIR) QDs was found to minimize the absorption and scattering of light by native tissues thus rendering them suitable in deep tissue analysis. Aggregation and endosomal sequestration of QDs pose major challenges for the effective delivery of QDs to the cell cytosol. Toxicity minimization and effective delivery strategies may further increase their suitability for utilization in disease diagnosis. New synthesis of QDs may provide new types of bioconjugates of QDs to biomolecules, which leads to a variety of applications to many challenged research areas. QDs with narrow emission wavelength ranges are very suitable for monitoring multiple cellular targets simultaneously, and still remain the best known probes for imaging as an alternative to traditional fluorophores in disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yumi Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Myong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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23
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He Q, Guo S, Qian Z, Chen X. Development of individualized anti-metastasis strategies by engineering nanomedicines. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6258-6286. [PMID: 26056688 PMCID: PMC4540626 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00511b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is deadly and also tough to treat as it is much more complicated than the primary tumour. Anti-metastasis approaches available so far are far from being optimal. A variety of nanomedicine formulae provide a plethora of opportunities for developing new strategies and means for tackling metastasis. It should be noted that individualized anti-metastatic nanomedicines are different from common anti-cancer nanomedicines as they specifically target different populations of malignant cells. This review briefly introduces the features of the metastatic cascade, and proposes a series of nanomedicine-based anti-metastasis strategies aiming to block each metastatic step. Moreover, we also concisely introduce the advantages of several promising nanoparticle platforms and their potential for constructing state-of-the-art individualized anti-metastatic nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Shengrong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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24
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Gonda K, Miyashita M, Higuchi H, Tada H, Watanabe TM, Watanabe M, Ishida T, Ohuchi N. Predictive diagnosis of the risk of breast cancer recurrence after surgery by single-particle quantum dot imaging. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14322. [PMID: 26392299 PMCID: PMC4585722 DOI: 10.1038/srep14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, the prognosis of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive patients (20-25%) has been dramatically improved by the clinical application of the anti-HER2 antibody drugs trastuzumab and pertuzumab. However, the clinical outcomes of HER2-negative cases with a poor prognosis have not improved, and novel therapeutic antibody drugs or diagnostic molecular markers of prognosis are urgently needed. Here, we targeted protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) as a new biomarker for HER2-negative patients. The developed anti-PAR1 antibody inhibited PAR1 activation by matrix metalloprotease 1 and thereby prevented cancer-cell migration and invasion. To estimate PAR1 expression levels in HER2-negative patient tissues using the antibody, user-friendly immunohistochemistry with fluorescence nanoparticles or quantum dots (QDs) was developed. Previously, immunohistochemistry with QDs was affected by tissue autofluorescence, making quantitative measurement extremely difficult. We significantly improved the quantitative sensitivity of immunohistochemistry with QDs by using an autofluorescence-subtracted image and single-QD imaging. The immunohistochemistry showed that PAR1 expression was strongly correlated with relapse-free survival time in HER2-negative breast cancer patients. Therefore, the developed anti-PAR1 antibody is a strong candidate for use as an anticancer drug and a prognostic biomarker for HER2-negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hideo Higuchi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo Bunkyou-ku Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tomonobu M Watanabe
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Bioimaging, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ohuchi
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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25
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Goodhead RM, Moger J, Galloway TS, Tyler CR. Tracing engineered nanomaterials in biological tissues using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy – A critical review. Nanotoxicology 2015; 9:928-39. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.991773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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26
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Quantum dots-based tissue and in vivo imaging in breast cancer researches: current status and future perspectives. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 151:7-17. [PMID: 25833213 PMCID: PMC4408370 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
As the most common malignant tumor for females, breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous disease regarding biological behaviors. Precisely targeted imaging on BC masses and biomarkers is critical to BC detection, treatment, monitoring, and prognostic evaluation. As an important imaging technique, quantum dots (QDs)-based imaging has emerged as a promising tool in BC researches owe to its outstanding optical properties. However, few reviews have been specifically devoted to discussing applications of QDs-based imaging in BC researches. This review summarized recent promising works in QDs-based tissue and in vivo imaging for BC studies. Physicochemical and optical properties of QDs and its potential applications were briefly described first. Then QDs-based imaging studies in BC were systematically reviewed, including tissue imaging for studying biomarkers interactions, and evaluating prognostic biomarkers, in vivo imaging for mapping axillary lymphatic system, showing BC xenograft tumor, and detecting BC metastases. At last, the future perspectives with special emphasis on the potential clinical applications have also been discussed. Potential applications of QDs-based imaging on clinical BC in the future are mainly focused on tissue study, especially in BC molecular pathology due to its optimal optical properties and quantitative information capabilities on multiple biomarkers.
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27
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Vu TQ, Lam WY, Hatch EW, Lidke DS. Quantum dots for quantitative imaging: from single molecules to tissue. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:71-86. [PMID: 25620410 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Since their introduction to biological imaging, quantum dots (QDs) have progressed from a little known, but attractive, technology to one that has gained broad application in many areas of biology. The versatile properties of these fluorescent nanoparticles have allowed investigators to conduct biological studies with extended spatiotemporal capabilities that were previously not possible. In this review, we focus on QD applications that provide enhanced quantitative information concerning protein dynamics and localization, including single particle tracking and immunohistochemistry, and finish by examining the prospects of upcoming applications, such as correlative light and electron microscopy and super-resolution. Advances in single molecule imaging, including multi-color and three-dimensional QD tracking, have provided new insights into the mechanisms of cell signaling and protein trafficking. New forms of QD tracking in vivo have allowed the observation of biological processes at molecular level resolution in the physiological context of the whole animal. Further methodological development of multiplexed QD-based immunohistochemistry assays should enable more quantitative analysis of key proteins in tissue samples. These advances highlight the unique quantitative data sets that QDs can provide to further our understanding of biological and disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Q Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Ore., USA,
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28
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Wegner KD, Hildebrandt N. Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4792-4834. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Colourful cells and tissues: semiconductor quantum dots and their versatile applications in multiplexed bioimaging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. David Wegner
- NanoBioPhotonics
- Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale
- Université Paris-Sud
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- NanoBioPhotonics
- Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale
- Université Paris-Sud
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
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29
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Gonda K, Hamada Y, Kitamura N, Tada H, Miyashita M, Kamei T, Ishida T, Ohuchi N. Highly Sensitive Imaging of Cancer with Functional Nanoparticles. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2015. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.28.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Yoh Hamada
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Narufumi Kitamura
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
| | - Noriaki Ohuchi
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University
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30
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Shintani SA, Oyama K, Kobirumaki-Shimozawa F, Ohki T, Ishiwata S, Fukuda N. Sarcomere length nanometry in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes expressed with α-actinin-AcGFP in Z discs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 143:513-24. [PMID: 24638993 PMCID: PMC3971663 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201311118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanometry is widely used in biological sciences to analyze the movement of molecules or molecular assemblies in cells and in vivo. In cardiac muscle, a change in sarcomere length (SL) by a mere ∼100 nm causes a substantial change in contractility, indicating the need for the simultaneous measurement of SL and intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in cardiomyocytes at high spatial and temporal resolution. To accurately analyze the motion of individual sarcomeres with nanometer precision during excitation-contraction coupling, we applied nanometry techniques to primary-cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. First, we developed an experimental system for simultaneous nanoscale analysis of single sarcomere dynamics and [Ca(2+)]i changes via the expression of AcGFP in Z discs. We found that the averaging of the lengths of sarcomeres along the myocyte, a method generally used in today's myocardial research, caused marked underestimation of sarcomere lengthening speed because of the superpositioning of different timings for lengthening between sequentially connected sarcomeres. Then, we found that after treatment with ionomycin, neonatal myocytes exhibited spontaneous sarcomeric oscillations (cell-SPOCs) at partial activation with blockage of sarcoplasmic reticulum functions, and the waveform properties were indistinguishable from those obtained in electric field stimulation. The myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil markedly enhanced Z-disc displacement during cell-SPOC. Finally, we interpreted the present experimental findings in the framework of our mathematical model of SPOCs. The present experimental system has a broad range of application possibilities for unveiling single sarcomere dynamics during excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocytes under various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seine A Shintani
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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31
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Takei Y, Arai S, Murata A, Takabayashi M, Oyama K, Ishiwata S, Takeoka S, Suzuki M. A nanoparticle-based ratiometric and self-calibrated fluorescent thermometer for single living cells. ACS NANO 2014; 8:198-206. [PMID: 24354266 DOI: 10.1021/nn405456e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis of body temperature and energy balance is one of the major principles in biology. Nanoscale thermometry of aqueous solutions is a challenging but crucial technique to understand the molecular basis of this essential process. Here, we developed a ratiometric nanothermometer (RNT) for intracellular temperature measurement in real time. Both the thermosensitive fluorophore, β-diketonate chelate europium(III) thenoyltrifluoroacetonate, and the thermoinsensitive fluorophore, rhodamine 101, which was used as a self-reference, are embedded in a polymeric particle that protects the fluorophores from intracellular conditions. The ratiometric measurement of single RNT spots is independent of the displacement of the RNT along the z-axis. The temperature is therefore determined at the location of each RNT under an optical microscope regardless of the dynamic movement of living cells. As a demonstration of the spot-by-spot intracellular thermometry, we successfully followed the temperature change in individual RNT spots in a single cell together with the Ca(2+) burst induced by the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin. The temperature increases differently among different spots, implying heterogeneous heat production in the cell. We then show that, in some spots, the temperature gradually decreases, while in others it remains high. The average temperature elevation within a cell is positively correlated to the increase in Ca(2+), suggesting that the activity and/or number of heat sources are dependent on the Ca(2+) concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Takei
- Department of Life Science & Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science & Engineering, Waseda University , 2-2 TWIns, Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480 Japan
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A non-invasive imaging for the in vivo tracking of high-speed vesicle transport in mouse neutrophils. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1913. [PMID: 23722417 PMCID: PMC3668321 DOI: 10.1038/srep01913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role in the innate immune response. To understand neutrophil activity, the development of a new technique to observe neutrophils in situ is required. Here, we report the development of a non-invasive technique for the in vivo imaging of neutrophils labeled with quantum dots, up to 100 μm below the skin surface of mice. Upon inflammation neutrophils began to extravasate from blood vessels and locomoted in interstitial space. Most intriguingly, the quantum dots were endocytosed into vesicles in the neutrophils, allowing us to track the vesicles at 12.5 msec/frame with 15–24 nm accuracy. The vesicles containing quantum dots moved as “diffuse-and-go” manner and were transported at higher speed than the in vitro velocity of a molecular motor such as kinesin or dynein. This is the first report in which non-invasive techniques have been used to visualize the internal dynamics of neutrophils.
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Khotskaya YB, Beck BH, Hurst DR, Han Z, Xia W, Hung MC, Welch DR. Expression of metastasis suppressor BRMS1 in breast cancer cells results in a marked delay in cellular adhesion to matrix. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53:1011-26. [PMID: 24000122 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination is a multi-step process that depends on cancer cells' ability to respond to microenvironmental cues by adapting adhesion abilities and undergoing cytoskeletal rearrangement. Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1 (BRMS1) affects several steps of the metastatic cascade: it decreases survival in circulation, increases susceptibility to anoikis, and reduces capacity to colonize secondary organs. In this report, BRMS1 expression is shown to not significantly alter expression levels of integrin monomers, while time-lapse and confocal microscopy revealed that BRMS1-expressing cells exhibited reduced activation of both β1 integrin and focal adhesion kinase, and decreased localization of these molecules to sites of focal adhesions. Short-term plating of BRMS1-expressing cells onto collagen or fibronectin markedly decreased cytoskeletal reorganization and formation of cellular adhesion projections. Under 3D culture conditions, BRMS1-expressing cells remained rounded and failed to reorganize their cytoskeleton and form invasive colonies. Taken together, BRMS1-expressing breast cancer cells are greatly attenuated in their ability to respond to microenvironment changes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekaterina B Khotskaya
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Watanabe TM, Fujii F, Jin T, Umemoto E, Miyasaka M, Fujita H, Yanagida T. Four-dimensional spatial nanometry of single particles in living cells using polarized quantum rods. Biophys J 2013; 105:555-64. [PMID: 23931303 PMCID: PMC3736678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Single particle tracking is widely used to study protein movement with high spatiotemporal resolution both in vitro and in cells. Quantum dots, which are semiconductor nanoparticles, have recently been employed in single particle tracking because of their intense and stable fluorescence. Although single particles inside cells have been tracked in three spatial dimensions (X, Y, Z), measurement of the angular orientation of a molecule being tracked would significantly enhance our understanding of the molecule's function. In this study, we synthesized highly polarized, rod-shaped quantum dots (Qrods) and developed a coating method that optimizes the Qrods for biological imaging. We describe a Qrod-based single particle tracking technique that blends optical nanometry with nanomaterial science to simultaneously measure the three-dimensional and angular movements of molecules. Using Qrods, we spatially tracked a membrane receptor in living cells in four dimensions with precision close to the single-digit range in nanometers and degrees.
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Csoboz B, Balogh GE, Kusz E, Gombos I, Peter M, Crul T, Gungor B, Haracska L, Bogdanovics G, Torok Z, Horvath I, Vigh L. Membrane fluidity matters: Hyperthermia from the aspects of lipids and membranes. Int J Hyperthermia 2013; 29:491-9. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2013.808765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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36
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Single quantum dot tracking reveals that an individual multivalent HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain can activate machinery for lateral transport and endocytosis. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:3036-49. [PMID: 23732912 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01717-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the cellular entry of the HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain (TatP) and the molecular information necessary to improve the transduction efficiency of TatP remain unclear due to the technical limitations for direct visualization of TatP's behavior in cells. Using confocal microscopy, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, and four-dimensional microscopy, we developed a single-molecule tracking assay for TatP labeled with quantum dots (QDs) to examine the kinetics of TatP initially and immediately before, at the beginning of, and immediately after entry into living cells. We report that even when the number of multivalent TatP (mTatP)-QDs bound to a cell was low, each single mTatP-QD first locally induced the cell's lateral transport machinery to move the mTatP-QD toward the center of the cell body upon cross-linking of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. The centripetal and lateral movements were linked to the integrity and flow of actomyosin and microtubules. Individual mTatP underwent lipid raft-mediated temporal confinement, followed by complete immobilization, which ultimately led to endocytotic internalization. However, bivalent TatP did not sufficiently promote either cell surface movement or internalization. Together, these findings provide clues regarding the mechanisms of TatP cell entry and indicate that increasing the valence of TatP on nanoparticles allows them to behave as cargo delivery nanomachines.
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Ajdžanović V, Mojić M, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Bulatović M, Mijatović S, Milošević V, Spasojević I. Membrane fluidity, invasiveness and dynamic phenotype of metastatic prostate cancer cells after treatment with soy isoflavones. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:307-14. [PMID: 23417033 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Soy isoflavones represent hopeful unconventional remedies in the therapy of prostate cancer. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of genistein and daidzein on the parameters that reflect metastatic potential, membrane fluidity, invasiveness and dynamic phenotype in Matrigel of LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Cell viability tests, using a wide range of concentrations of soy isoflavones (6-75 μg/ml for 72 h), were conducted to determine their IC50 concentrations. Electron paramagnetic resonance investigations of prostate cancer cell membrane fluidity were performed at IC50 concentrations of genistein and daidzein (12.5 and 25 μg/ml, respectively, for 10 min). Genistein provoked significant increases in the membrane order parameter (which is reciprocally proportional to membrane fluidity) of 0.722 ± 0.006 (LNCaP), 0.753 ± 0.010 (LNCaP + genistein), 0.723 ± 0.007 (PC-3) and 0.741 ± 0.004 (PC-3 + genistein); however, no such effects were observed for daidzein. While both genistein and daidzein reduced the proliferation of prostate cancer cells at their respective IC50 concentrations, during the 72 h of incubation only genistein provoked effects on the dynamic phenotype and decreased invasiveness. The effect was more evident in PC-3 cells compared to LNCaP cells. Our results imply that (1) invasive activity is at least partially dependent on membrane fluidity, (2) genistein may exert its antimetastatic effects by changing the mechanical properties of prostate cancer cells and (3) daidzein should be applied at higher concentrations than genistein in order to achieve pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Quantum Dots as Multifunctional Materials for Tumor Imaging and Therapy. MATERIALS 2013; 6:483-499. [PMID: 28809320 PMCID: PMC5452096 DOI: 10.3390/ma6020483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly developing field of quantum dots (QDs) provides researchers with more options for imaging modalities and therapeutic strategies. In recent years, QDs were widely used as multifunctional materials for tumor imaging and therapy due to their characteristic properties such as semiconductive, zero-dimension and strong fluorescence. Nevertheless, there still exist the challenges of employing these properties of QDs for clinical diagnosis and therapy. Herein, we briefly review the development, properties and applications of QDs in tumor imaging and therapy. Future perspectives in these areas are also proposed as well.
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Alenghat FJ, Golan DE. Membrane protein dynamics and functional implications in mammalian cells. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2013; 72:89-120. [PMID: 24210428 PMCID: PMC4193470 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-417027-8.00003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The organization of the plasma membrane is both highly complex and highly dynamic. One manifestation of this dynamic complexity is the lateral mobility of proteins within the plane of the membrane, which is often an important determinant of intermolecular protein-binding interactions, downstream signal transduction, and local membrane mechanics. The mode of membrane protein mobility can range from random Brownian motion to immobility and from confined or restricted motion to actively directed motion. Several methods can be used to distinguish among the various modes of protein mobility, including fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, single-particle tracking, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and variations of these techniques. Here, we present both a brief overview of these methods and examples of their use to elucidate the dynamics of membrane proteins in mammalian cells-first in erythrocytes, then in erythroblasts and other cells in the hematopoietic lineage, and finally in non-hematopoietic cells. This multisystem analysis shows that the cytoskeleton frequently governs modes of membrane protein motion by stably anchoring the proteins through direct-binding interactions, by restricting protein diffusion through steric interactions, or by facilitating directed protein motion. Together, these studies have begun to delineate mechanisms by which membrane protein dynamics influence signaling sequelae and membrane mechanical properties, which, in turn, govern cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J. Alenghat
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David E. Golan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Hematology Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Multilayered, core/shell nanoprobes based on magnetic ferric oxide particles and quantum dots for multimodality imaging of breast cancer tumors. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8486-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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41
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Gonda K, Miyashita M, Watanabe M, Takahashi Y, Goda H, Okada H, Nakano Y, Tada H, Amari M, Ohuchi N. Development of a quantitative diagnostic method of estrogen receptor expression levels by immunohistochemistry using organic fluorescent material-assembled nanoparticles. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 426:409-14. [PMID: 22959769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The detection of estrogen receptors (ERs) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) is slightly weak as a prognostic marker, but it is essential to the application of endocrine therapy, such as antiestrogen tamoxifen-based therapy. IHC using DAB is a poor quantitative method because horseradish peroxidase (HRP) activity depends on reaction time, temperature and substrate concentration. However, IHC using fluorescent material provides an effective method to quantitatively use IHC because the signal intensity is proportional to the intensity of the photon excitation energy. However, the high level of autofluorescence has impeded the development of quantitative IHC using fluorescence. We developed organic fluorescent material (tetramethylrhodamine)-assembled nanoparticles for IHC. Tissue autofluorescence is comparable to the fluorescence intensity of quantum dots, which are the most representative fluorescent nanoparticles. The fluorescent intensity of our novel nanoparticles was 10.2-fold greater than quantum dots, and they did not bind non-specifically to breast cancer tissues due to the polyethylene glycol chain that coated their surfaces. Therefore, the fluorescent intensity of our nanoparticles significantly exceeded autofluorescence, which produced a significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio on IHC-imaged cancer tissues than previous methods. Moreover, immunostaining data from our nanoparticle fluorescent IHC and IHC with DAB were compared in the same region of adjacent tissues sections to quantitatively examine the two methods. The results demonstrated that our nanoparticle staining analyzed a wide range of ER expression levels with higher accuracy and quantitative sensitivity than DAB staining. This enhancement in the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity for ERs using our immunostaining method will improve the prediction of responses to therapies that target ERs and progesterone receptors that are induced by a downstream ER signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Chen C, Peng J, Sun SR, Peng CW, Li Y, Pang DW. Tapping the potential of quantum dots for personalized oncology: current status and future perspectives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:411-28. [PMID: 22385199 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious health threats worldwide. Personalized oncology holds potential for future cancer care in clinical practice, where each patient could be delivered individualized medicine on the basis of key biological features of an individual tumor. One of the most urgent problems is to develop novel approaches that incorporate the increasing molecular information into the understanding of cancer biological behaviors for personalized oncology. Quantum dots are a heterogeneous class of engineered fluorescent nanoparticles with unique optical and chemical properties, which make them promising platforms for biomedical applications. With the unique optical properties, the utilization of quantum dot-based nanotechnology has been expanded into a wide variety of attractive biomedical applications for cancer diagnosis, monitoring, pathogenesis, treatment, molecular pathology and heterogeneity in combination with cancer biomarkers. Here, we focus on the clinical application of quantum dot-based nanotechnology in personalized oncology, covering topics on individualized cancer diagnosis and treatment by in vitro and in vivo molecular imaging technologies, and in-depth understanding of the biological behaviors of tumors from a nanotechnology perspective. In addition, the major challenges in translating quantum dot-based nanotechnology into clinical application and promising future directions in personalized oncology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University & Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, No 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, PR China
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Zhou Y, Shao G, Liu S. Monitoring Breast Tumor Lung Metastasis by U-SPECT-II/CT with an Integrin α(v)β(3)-Targeted Radiotracer( 99m)Tc-3P-RGD(2). Theranostics 2012; 2:577-88. [PMID: 22737193 PMCID: PMC3381346 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of u-SPECT-II/CT to monitor the progression of breast cancer lung metastasis using 99mTc-3P-RGD2 as a radiotracer. Methods: The breast cancer lung metastasis model was established by tail-vein injection of 2 x 105 - 1.5 x 106 MDA-MB-231 cells into each athymic nude mouse. SPECT/CT studies were performed at a specified time after inoculation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Histological staining was used to further confirm the presence of lung metastases. Results: We found that both inoculation time and tumor cell load had significant influence on the extent of lung metastasis. For example, if animals were injected with 2 x 105 MDA-MB-231 cells, there were no detectable metastatic breast tumors in the lungs after 8 weeks. If animals were injected with 1 x 106 MDA-MB-231 cells, there were many tumors in both lungs at week 8. When 1.5 x 106 MDA-MB-231 cells were injected, the animal became very weak by week 7. We also found a rare example of breast cancer metastasis in the muscle and mediastinal lymph nodes. The tumor necrotic regions were clearly delineated by u-SPECT-II/CT. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrated that 99mTc-3P-RGD2 is an excellent radiotracer for noninvasive imaging of metastatic breast tumors in the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes and muscles. 99mTc-3P-RGD2 SPECT/CT is an outstanding platform for monitoring the progression of breast cancer lung metastases, semi-quantification of breast tumor load in the lungs and delineation of tumor necrosis in small animals.
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Sarcomere imaging by quantum dots for the study of cardiac muscle physiology. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:313814. [PMID: 22570526 PMCID: PMC3335260 DOI: 10.1155/2012/313814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We here review the use of quantum dots (QDs) for the imaging of sarcomeric movements in cardiac muscle. QDs are fluorescence substances (CdSe) that absorb photons and reemit photons at a different wavelength (depending on the size of the particle); they are efficient in generating long-lasting, narrow symmetric emission profiles, and hence useful in various types of imaging studies. Recently, we developed a novel system in which the length of a particular, single sarcomere in cardiomyocytes can be measured at ~30 nm precision. Moreover, our system enables accurate measurement of sarcomere length in the isolated heart. We propose that QDs are the ideal tool for the study of sarcomere dynamics during excitation-contraction coupling in healthy and diseased cardiac muscle.
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45
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de Carvalho CCCR, Caramujo MJ. Tumour metastasis as an adaptation of tumour cells to fulfil their phosphorus requirements. Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:664-7. [PMID: 22391031 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a vital component of nucleotides, membrane phospholipids, and phosphorylated intermediates in cellular signalling. The Growth Rate Hypothesis (GRH) states that fast growing organisms should be richer in phosphorus (relatively low C:P and N:P cell content) than slow developing organisms as a result of high ribosome biogenesis. Cells that proliferate rapidly, such as cancer cells, require a high amount of ribosomes and other P-rich RNA components that are necessary to manufacture proteins. The GRH hypothesis may be applied to cancer predicting that tumour cells are richer in phosphorus than the surrounding tissue, and that they resort to metastasis in order to meet their nutrient demands. Considering that the cells most P-deprived should be located in the inner parts of the tumour we propose that changes in the membrane of these cells favour the detachment of the more peripheral cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C C R de Carvalho
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Ueno H, Ishikawa T, Bui KH, Gonda K, Ishikawa T, Yamaguchi T. Mouse respiratory cilia with the asymmetric axonemal structure on sparsely distributed ciliary cells can generate overall directional flow. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 8:1081-7. [PMID: 22306160 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mucociliary clearance on the surface of the tracheal lumen is an important component of lung defense against dust mites and viruses. However, the axonemal structure that achieves effective ciliary motion, and the mechanisms by which discretely distributed ciliary cells generate directional flow are unknown. In this study, we examined individual ciliary motion with 7- to 9-nm spatial precision by labeling the ciliary tip with quantum dots and detected an asymmetric beating pattern. Cryo-electron tomography revealed that the densities of two inner dynein arms were missing from at least 2 doublet microtubules in the axonemal structure. Although the flow directions generated by individual ciliated cells were unsteady and diverse, the time- and space-averaged velocity field was found to be directional. These results indicate that the asymmetric ciliary motion is driven by the asymmetric axonemal structure, and it generates overall directional flow from the lungs to the oropharynx on sparsely distributed ciliated cells. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR The authors of this study utilized quantum dots in determining the kinetics of ciliary motion in mouse respiratory cilia with 7- to 9-nm spatial precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Ueno
- International Advanced Research and Education Organization, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan.
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47
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Komizu Y, Ueoka H, Ueoka R. Selective accumulation and growth inhibition of hybrid liposomes to human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in relation to fluidity of plasma membranes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 418:81-6. [PMID: 22240027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid liposomes (HLs), composed of l-α-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and polyoxyethylene(23) dodecyl ether, have selectively inhibited the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells without affecting normal hepatocytes to trigger apoptosis via caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, HLs distinguished between the HCC and normal cells which had higher and lower membrane fluidities respectively, then fused and accumulated preferentially into the membranes of HCC cells. It is noteworthy that the anti-cancer activity of HLs correlated well with the fluidity of cell membranes for HCC and other cancer cells. These results suggest that HLs could target cancer cell-membranes in relation to their lipid fluidity that provide the possibility of novel nanotherapy for intractable cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Komizu
- Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
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Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs) and Calcium Signaling in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 740:979-1000. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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49
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Kaur S, Venktaraman G, Jain M, Senapati S, Garg PK, Batra SK. Recent trends in antibody-based oncologic imaging. Cancer Lett 2011; 315:97-111. [PMID: 22104729 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies, with their unmatched ability for selective binding to any target, are considered as potentially the most specific probes for imaging. Their clinical utility, however, has been limited chiefly due to their slow clearance from the circulation, longer retention in non-targeted tissues and the extensive optimization required for each antibody-tracer. The development of newer contrast agents, combined with improved conjugation strategies and novel engineered forms of antibodies (diabodies, minibodies, single chain variable fragments, and nanobodies), have triggered a new wave of antibody-based imaging approaches. Apart from their conventional use with nuclear imaging probes, antibodies and their modified forms are increasingly being employed with non-radioisotopic contrast agents (MRI and ultrasound) as well as newer imaging modalities, such as quantum dots, near infra red (NIR) probes, nanoshells and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The review article discusses new developments in the usage of antibodies and their modified forms in conjunction with probes of various imaging modalities such as nuclear imaging, optical imaging, ultrasound, MRI, SERS and nanoshells in preclinical and clinical studies on the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic responses of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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50
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In vivo imaging of the molecular distribution of the VEGF receptor during angiogenesis in a mouse model of ischemia. Blood 2011; 118:e93-e100. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-12-322842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in angiogenesis and has been applied to medical therapy. However, because vascular imaging at the molecular level is impossible, the detailed in vivo dynamics of VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR) remain unknown. In this study, to understand the molecular distribution of VEGF and the VEGFR, we prepared ischemic mice with a new surgical method and induced angiogenesis in the gastrocnemius muscle. Then, we made a VEGF-conjugated fluorescence nanoparticle and performed staining of VEGFR-expressing cells with the fluorescent probe, demonstrating the high affinity of the probe for VEGFR. To observe the physiologic molecular distribution of VEGFR, we performed in vivo single-particle imaging of gastrocnemius in the ischemic leg with the fluorescent probe. The results suggested that only a 3-fold difference of VEGFR distribution is involved in the formation of branched vasculature in angiogenesis, although previous ex vivo data showed a 13-fold difference in its distribution, indicating that a method inducing a several-fold local increase of VEGFR concentration may be effective in generating site-specific angiogenesis in ischemic disease. This new in vivo imaging of ischemic mice could make useful contributions to understanding the mechanisms of angiogenesis and to developing a VEGFR-related drug.
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