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Somanader DVN, Zhao P, Widdop RE, Samuel CS. The involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade in fibrosis progression and its therapeutic targeting by relaxin. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116130. [PMID: 38490518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Organ scarring, referred to as fibrosis, results from a failed wound-healing response to chronic tissue injury and is characterised by the aberrant accumulation of various extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Once established, fibrosis is recognised as a hallmark of stiffened and dysfunctional tissues, hence, various fibrosis-related diseases collectively contribute to high morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Despite this, these diseases are ineffectively treated by currently-available medications. The pro-fibrotic cytokine, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, has emerged as the master regulator of fibrosis progression, owing to its ability to promote various factors and processes that facilitate rapid ECM synthesis and deposition, whilst negating ECM degradation. TGF-β1 signal transduction is tightly controlled by canonical (Smad-dependent) and non-canonical (MAP kinase- and Rho-associated protein kinase-dependent) intracellular protein activity, whereas its pro-fibrotic actions can also be facilitated by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This review outlines the pathological sequence of events and contributing roles of TGF-β1 in the progression of fibrosis, and how the Wnt/β-catenin pathway contributes to tissue repair in acute disease settings, but to fibrosis and related tissue dysfunction in synergy with TGF-β1 in chronic diseases. It also outlines the anti-fibrotic and related signal transduction mechanisms of the hormone, relaxin, that are mediated via its negative modulation of TGF-β1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, but through the promotion of Wnt/β-catenin activity in acute disease settings. Collectively, this highlights that the crosstalk between TGF-β1 signal transduction and the Wnt/β-catenin cascade may provide a therapeutic target that can be exploited to broadly treat and reverse established fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deidree V N Somanader
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Peishen Zhao
- Drug Discovery Biology Program, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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Rodriguez Galvan JJ, de Vries M, Belblidia S, Fisher A, Prescott RA, Crosse KM, Mangel WF, Duerr R, Dittmann M. In-silico docking platform with serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) structures identifies host cysteine protease targets with significance for SARS-CoV-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2022.11.18.517133. [PMID: 36415456 PMCID: PMC9681043 DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.18.517133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Serine Protease Inhibitors (SERPINs) regulate protease activity in various physiological processes such as inflammation, cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, their potential in combating viral infections, where proteases are also crucial, remains underexplored. This is due to our limited understanding of SERPIN expression during viral-induced inflammation and of the SERPINs' full spectrum of target proteases. Here, we demonstrate widespread expression of human SERPINs in response to respiratory virus infections, both in vitro and in vivo , alongside classical antiviral effectors. Through comprehensive in-silico docking with full-length SERPIN and protease 3D structures, we confirm known inhibitors of specific proteases; more importantly, the results predict novel SERPIN-protease interactions. Experimentally, we validate the direct inhibition of key proteases essential for viral life cycles, including the SERPIN PAI-1's capability to inhibit select cysteine proteases such as cathepsin L, and the serine protease TMPRSS2. Consequently, PAI-1 suppresses spike maturation and multi-cycle SARS-CoV-2 replication. Our findings challenge conventional notions of SERPIN selectivity, underscore the power of in-silico docking for SERPIN target discovery, and offer potential therapeutic interventions targeting host proteolytic pathways to combat viruses with urgent unmet therapeutic needs. SIGNIFICANCE Serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including viral infections. However, our comprehension of the full array of proteases targeted by the SERPIN family has traditionally been limited, hindering a comprehensive understanding of their regulatory potential. We developed an in-silico docking platform to identify new SERPIN target proteases expressed in the respiratory tract, a critical viral entry portal. The platform confirmed known and predicted new targets for every SERPIN examined, shedding light on previously unrecognized patterns in SERPIN selectivity. Notably, both key proteases for SARS-CoV-2 maturation were among the newly predicted targets, which we validated experimentally. This underscores the platform's potential in uncovering targets with significance in viral infections, paving the way to define the full potential of the SERPIN family in infectious disease and beyond.
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Zhang M, Liu Q, Meng H, Duan H, Liu X, Wu J, Gao F, Wang S, Tan R, Yuan J. Ischemia-reperfusion injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:12. [PMID: 38185705 PMCID: PMC10772178 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury paradoxically occurs during reperfusion following ischemia, exacerbating the initial tissue damage. The limited understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying I/R injury hinders the development of effective therapeutic interventions. The Wnt signaling pathway exhibits extensive crosstalk with various other pathways, forming a network system of signaling pathways involved in I/R injury. This review article elucidates the underlying mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling, as well as the complex interplay between Wnt and other pathways, including Notch, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, transforming growth factor-β, nuclear factor kappa, bone morphogenetic protein, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-Ca2+-Activin A, Hippo-Yes-associated protein, toll-like receptor 4/toll-interleukine-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, and hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor. In particular, we delve into their respective contributions to key pathological processes, including apoptosis, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, ferroptosis, neurogenesis, and blood-brain barrier damage during I/R injury. Our comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling during I/R reveals that activation of the canonical Wnt pathway promotes organ recovery, while activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathways exacerbates injury. Moreover, we explore novel therapeutic approaches based on these mechanistic findings, incorporating evidence from animal experiments, current standards, and clinical trials. The objective of this review is to provide deeper insights into the roles of Wnt and its crosstalk signaling pathways in I/R-mediated processes and organ dysfunction, to facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic agents for I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic medical school, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
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Su X, Li S, Zhang Y, Tie X, Feng R, Guo X, Qiao X, Wang L. Overexpression of Corin Ameliorates Kidney Fibrosis through Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:101-120. [PMID: 37827215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway represents a promising therapeutic target for mitigating kidney fibrosis. Corin possesses the homologous ligand binding site [Frizzled-cysteine-rich domain (Fz-CRD)] similar to Frizzled proteins, which act as receptors for Wnt. The Fz-CRD has been found in eight different proteins, all of which, except for corin, are known to bind Wnt and regulate its signal transmission. We hypothesized that corin may inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and thereby reduce fibrogenesis. Reduced expression of corin along with the increased activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling was found in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ureteral ischemia/reperfusion injury (UIRI) models. In vitro, corin bound to the Wnt1 through its Fz-CRDs and inhibit the Wnt1 function responsible for activating β-catenin. Transforming growth factor-β1 inhibited corin expression, accompanied by activation of β-catenin; conversely, overexpression of corin attenuated the fibrotic effects of transforming growth factor-β1. In vivo, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of corin attenuated the progression of fibrosis, which was potentially associated with the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the down-regulation of its target genes after UUO and UIRI. These results suggest that corin acts as an antagonist that protects the kidney from pathogenic Wnt/β-catenin signaling and from fibrosis following UUO and UIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Su
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Sijia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuan Tie
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rongrong Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaojiao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China; Institute of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Alenchery RG, Ajalik RE, Jerreld K, Midekksa F, Zhong S, Alkatib B, Awad HA. PAI-1 mediates TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast activation in tenocytes via mTOR signaling. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2163-2174. [PMID: 37143206 PMCID: PMC10524825 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) induces plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) to effect fibrotic pathologies in several organs including tendon. Recent data implicated PAI-1 with inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) suggesting that PAI-1-induced adhesions involves phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Ergo, we investigated effects of TGF-β1, PAI-1, and mTOR signaling crosstalk on myofibroblast activation, senescence, and proliferation in primary flexor tenocytes from wild-type (WT) and PAI-1 knockout (KO) mice. PAI-1 deletion blunted TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast activation in murine flexor tenocytes and increased the gene expression of Mmp-2 to confer protective effects against fibrosis. While TGF-β1 significantly reduced phosphorylation of PTEN in WT cells, PAI-1 deletion rescued the activation of PTEN. Despite that, there were no differences in TGF-β1-induced activation of mTOR signaling (AKT, 4EBP1, and P70S6K) in WT or KO tenocytes. Phenotypic changes in distinct populations of WT or KO tenocytes exhibiting high or low mTOR activity were then examined. TGF-β1 increased alpha-smooth muscle actin abundance in WT cells exhibiting high mTOR activity, but this increase was blunted in KO cells exhibiting high 4EBP1 activity but not in cells exhibiting high S6 activity. DNA damage (γH2AX) was increased with TGF-β1 treatment in WT tenocytes but was blunted in KO cells exhibiting high mTOR activity. Increased mTOR activity enhanced proliferation (Ki67) in both WT and KO tenocytes. These findings point to a complex nexus of TGF-β1, PAI-1, and mTOR signaling in regulating proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, and senescence in tenocytes, which could define therapeutic targets for chronic tendon adhesions and other fibrotic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul G Alenchery
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Raquel E Ajalik
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kyle Jerreld
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
| | - Firaol Midekksa
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sylvia Zhong
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Bashar Alkatib
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
| | - Hani A. Awad
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Rochester, NY, United States
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6
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Xu X, Zhang B, Wang Y, Shi S, Lv J, Fu Z, Gao X, Li Y, Wu H, Song Q. Renal fibrosis in type 2 cardiorenal syndrome: An update on mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114901. [PMID: 37224755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a state of coexisting heart failure and renal insufficiency in which acute or chronic dysfunction of the heart or kidney lead to acute or chronic dysfunction of the other organ.It was found that renal fibrosis is an important pathological process in the progression of type 2 CRS to end-stage renal disease, and progressive renal impairment accelerates the deterioration of cardiac function and significantly increases the hospitalization and mortality rates of patients. Previous studies have found that Hemodynamic Aiteration, RAAS Overactivation, SNS Dysfunction, Endothelial Dysfunction and Imbalance of natriuretic peptide system contribute to the development of renal disease in the decompensated phase of heart failure, but the exact mechanisms is not clear. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the molecular pathways involved in the development of renal fibrosis due to heart failure and identify the canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways and hypoxia-sensing pathways, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as important triggers and regulators of fibrosis development, and summarize the therapeutic approaches for the above signaling pathways, including SB-525334 Sfrp1, DKK1, IMC, rosarostat, 4-PBA, etc. In addition, some potential natural drugs for this disease are also summarized, including SQD4S2, Wogonin, Astragaloside, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxuan Zhang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqing Shi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Lv
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyue Fu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiya Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Huaqin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingqiao Song
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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7
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Han S, Lu Q, Liu X. Advances in cellular senescence in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:145. [PMID: 36911379 PMCID: PMC9995810 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, irreversible and fatal interstitial lung disease of unknown cause, with a median survival of 2-3 years. Its pathogenesis is unclear and there is currently no effective treatment for IPF. Approximately two-thirds of patients with IPF are >60 years old, with a mean age of 66 years, suggesting a link between aging and IPF. However, the mechanism by which aging promotes development of PF remains unclear. Senescence of alveolar epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts (LFs) and their senescence-associated secretion phenotype (SASP) may be involved in the occurrence and development of IPF. The present review focus on senescence of LFs and epithelial and stem cells, as well as SASP, the activation of profibrotic signaling pathways and potential treatments for pathogenesis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Qiangwei Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Hu J, Liu Y, Pan Z, Huang X, Wang J, Cao W, Chen Z. Eupatilin Ameliorates Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation by Suppressing β-catenin/PAI-1 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065933. [PMID: 36983006 PMCID: PMC10054508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) has proved to be pivotal in hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, the suppression of HSC activation is an effective anti-fibrotic strategy. Although studies have indicated that eupatilin, a bioactive flavone found in Artemisia argyi, has anti-fibrotic properties, the effect of eupatilin on hepatic fibrosis is currently unclear. In this study, we used the human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 and the classical CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis mouse model for in vitro and vivo experiments. We found that eupatilin significantly repressed the levels of the fibrotic markers COL1α1 and α-SMA, as well as other collagens in LX-2 cells. Meanwhile, eupatilin markedly inhibited LX-2 cell proliferation, as verified by the reduced cell viability and down-regulation of c-Myc, cyclinB1, cyclinD1, and CDK6. Additionally, eupatilin decreased the level of PAI-1 in a dose-dependent manner, and knockdown of PAI-1 using PAI-1-specific shRNA significantly suppressed the levels of COL1α1, α-SMA, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker N-cadherin in LX-2 cells. Western blotting indicated that eupatilin reduced the protein level of β-catenin and its nuclear translocation, while the transcript level of β-catenin was not affected in LX-2 cells. Furthermore, analysis of histopathological changes in the liver and markers of liver function and fibrosis revealed that hepatic fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice was markedly alleviated by eupatilin. In conclusion, eupatilin ameliorates hepatic fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell activation by suppressing the β-catenin/PAI-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zheng Pan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xuekuan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, China
| | - Wenfu Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, China
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Li B, Xia Y, Mei S, Ye Z, Song B, Yan X, Lin F, Rao T, Yu W, Mei C, Lv J, Wu M, Mao Z, Zhou X, Cheng F. Histone H3K27 methyltransferase EZH2 regulates apoptotic and inflammatory responses in sepsis-induced AKI. Theranostics 2023; 13:1860-1875. [PMID: 37064878 PMCID: PMC10091874 DOI: 10.7150/thno.83353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The role of histone methylation modifications in renal disease, particularly in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential involvement of the histone methyltransferase zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in sepsis-induced AKI and its impact on apoptosis and inflammation. Methods: We first examined the expression of EZH2 in the kidney of sepsis-induced AKI (LPS injection) mice and LPS-stimulated tubular epithelial cells. We next constructed the EZH2 knockout mice to further confirm the effects of EZH2 on apoptosis and inflammatory response in AKI. And the inflammatory level of epithelial cells can be reflected by detecting chemokines and the chemotaxis of macrophages. Subsequently, we constructed the EZH2 knocked-down cells again and performed Chromatin Immunoprecipitation sequencing to screen out the target genes regulated by EZH2 and the enrichment pathway. Then we confirmed the EZH2 target gene and its regulatory pathway in vivo and in vitro experiments. Experimental results were finally confirmed using another in vivo model of sepsis-induced AKI (cecal perforation ligation). Results: The study found that EZH2 was upregulated in sepsis-induced AKI and that silencing EZH2 could reduce renal tubular injury by decreasing apoptosis and inflammatory response of tubular epithelial cells. EZH2 knockout mice showed significantly reduced renal inflammation and macrophage infiltration. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and polymerase chain reaction identified Sox9 as a target of EZH2. EZH2 was found to be enriched on the promoter of Sox9. Silencing EZH2 resulted in a significant increase in the transcriptional level of Sox9 and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The study further reversed the effects of EZH2 silencing by silencing Sox9 or administering the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor icg001. It was also found that Sox9 positively regulated the expression of β-catenin and its downstream pathway-related genes. Finally, the study showed that the EZH2 inhibitor 3-deazaneplanocin A significantly alleviated sepsis-induced AKI. Conclusion: Our results indicate that silencing EZH2 can protect renal function by relieving transcriptional inhibition of Sox9, activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and attenuating tubular epithelial apoptosis and inflammatory response of the renal interstitium. These results highlight the potential therapeutic value of targeting EZH2 in sepsis-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Shuqin Mei
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Zehua Ye
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Baofeng Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xinzhou Yan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Fangyou Lin
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Changlin Mei
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jiayi Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhiguo Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Zhiguo Mao, . Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China. Xiangjun Zhou: . Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China. Fan Cheng, . Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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10
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Shabani Z, Schuerger J, Su H. Cellular loci involved in the development of brain arteriovenous malformations. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:968369. [PMID: 36211120 PMCID: PMC9532630 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.968369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are abnormal vessels that are prone to rupture, causing life-threatening intracranial bleeding. The mechanism of bAVM formation is poorly understood. Nevertheless, animal studies revealed that gene mutation in endothelial cells (ECs) and angiogenic stimulation are necessary for bAVM initiation. Evidence collected through analyzing bAVM specimens of human and mouse models indicate that cells other than ECs also are involved in bAVM pathogenesis. Both human and mouse bAVMs vessels showed lower mural cell-coverage, suggesting a role of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) in bAVM pathogenesis. Perivascular astrocytes also are important in maintaining cerebral vascular function and take part in bAVM development. Furthermore, higher inflammatory cytokines in bAVM tissue and blood demonstrate the contribution of inflammatory cells in bAVM progression, and rupture. The goal of this paper is to provide our current understanding of the roles of different cellular loci in bAVM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shabani
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joana Schuerger
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hua Su
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Hua Su, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-9877
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11
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Quaresma MC, Botelho HM, Pankonien I, Rodrigues CS, Pinto MC, Costa PR, Duarte A, Amaral MD. Exploring YAP1-centered networks linking dysfunctional CFTR to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/9/e202101326. [PMID: 35500936 PMCID: PMC9060002 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a systems biology approach identifies potentially dysregulated EMT signaling in CF (including the Hippo, Wnt, TGF-β, p53, and MYC pathways), integrated by YAP1 and TEAD4. Mutations in the CFTR anion channel cause cystic fibrosis (CF) and have also been related to higher cancer incidence. Previously we proposed that this is linked to an emerging role of functional CFTR in protecting against epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the pathways bridging dysfunctional CFTR to EMT remain elusive. Here, we applied systems biology to address this question. Our data show that YAP1 is aberrantly active in the presence of mutant CFTR, interacting with F508del, but not with wt-CFTR, and that YAP1 knockdown rescues F508del-CFTR processing and function. Subsequent analysis of YAP1 interactors and roles in cells expressing either wt- or F508del-CFTR reveal that YAP1 is an important mediator of the fibrotic/EMT processes in CF. Alongside, five main pathways emerge here as key in linking mutant CFTR to EMT, namely, (1) the Hippo pathway; (2) the Wnt pathway; (3) the TGFβ pathway; (4) the p53 pathway; and (5) MYC signaling. Several potential hub proteins which mediate the crosstalk among these pathways were also identified, appearing as potential therapeutic targets for both CF and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida C Quaresma
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo M Botelho
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ines Pankonien
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia S Rodrigues
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Madalena C Pinto
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pau R Costa
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Aires Duarte
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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12
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Feiteng C, Lei C, Deng L, Chaoliang X, Zijie X, Yi S, Minglei S. Relaxin inhibits renal fibrosis and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Ren Fail 2022; 44:513-524. [PMID: 35311469 PMCID: PMC8942541 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2044351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common characteristic and the final pathological mechanism of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although CKD remains incurable, inhibition of renal fibrosis is beneficial to inhibit the CKD process. Relaxin alleviates renal fibrosis in some experimental models, but its mechanism remains unclear. In the following, we studied the regulatory effect of relaxin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Our results demonstrate that relaxin could downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decrease EMT, thus protecting against loss of transporters in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) and abrogate renal interstitial fibrosis following UUO. We confirmed that relaxin can downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and decrease EMT in NRK52E, thus abrogating G2 cell cycle arrest in vitro experiments. Therefore, a novel mechanism by which relaxin is antifibrotic is that relaxin regulates the EMT program of TECs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The inhibition of EMT contributes to protecting the functional capabilities of TECs and promoting the regeneration of TECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Feiteng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Lei
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Chaoliang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zijie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao Yi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Minglei
- Department of Geriatric, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Hou Q, Le W, Kan S, Shi J, Lang Y, Liu Z, Chen Z. Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein-2 Mediates the Stabilization and Activation of β-Catenin During Podocyte Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:781792. [PMID: 35004680 PMCID: PMC8740220 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.781792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Activation of β-catenin causes podocyte injury and proteinuria, but how β-catenin signalling is regulated during podocyte injury remains elusive. Nuclear receptor interacting protein 2 (NRIP2) modulates the Wnt pathway in colorectal cancer-initiating cells, but the role of NRIP2 in podocyte injury has not yet been investigated. We aimed to examine the interaction between NRIP2 and β-catenin signalling. Materials and Methods: Knockdown or overexpression of NRIP2 and β-catenin and chemical treatments were performed in cultured human podocytes. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays were used to assess protein interactions and expression. Data from the GEO dataset and kidney tissues from patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and surgical nephrectomy were examined. An adriamycin (ADR) nephropathy model was established in NRIP2 knockout mice. Results: NRIP2 knockdown accelerated β-catenin degradation, which was reversed by MG132; specifically, NRIP2 bound β-catenin and stabilized it to prevent its degradation through the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway. Overexpression of NRIP2 led to β-catenin activation and Snail1 induction, and these effects were attenuated by β-catenin knockdown. NRIP2 knockdown blocked ADR-stimulated β-catenin activation. In ADR mice, genetic knockout of Nrip2 ameliorated podocyte injury and loss, glomerulosclerosis, and proteinuria by inhibiting β-catenin activation. Moreover, NRIP2 was significantly upregulated in podocytes of FSGS patients and colocalized with nuclear β-catenin. Conclusion: These results established NRIP2 as a stabilizer of β-catenin activation through the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway in podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hou
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Clinical College, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibo Le
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuyan Kan
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinsong Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Lang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Clinical College, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaohong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Clinical College, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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14
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Mo H, Ren Q, Song D, Xu B, Zhou D, Hong X, Hou FF, Zhou L, Liu Y. CXCR4 induces podocyte injury and proteinuria by activating β-catenin signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:767-781. [PMID: 34976212 PMCID: PMC8692909 DOI: 10.7150/thno.65948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) plays a crucial role in mediating podocyte dysfunction, proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we studied the role of β-catenin in mediating CXCR4-triggered podocyte injury. Methods: Mouse models of proteinuric kidney diseases were used to assess CXCR4 and β-catenin expression. We utilized cultured podocytes and glomeruli to delineate the signal pathways involved. Conditional knockout mice with podocyte-specific deletion of CXCR4 were generated and used to corroborate a role of CXCR4/β-catenin in podocyte injury and proteinuria. Results: Both CXCR4 and β-catenin were induced and colocalized in the glomerular podocytes in several models of proteinuric kidney diseases. Activation of CXCR4 by its ligand SDF-1α stimulated β-catenin activation but did not affect the expression of Wnt ligands in vitro. Blockade of β-catenin signaling by ICG-001 preserved podocyte signature proteins and inhibited Snail1 and MMP-7 expression in vitro and ex vivo. Mechanistically, activation of CXCR4 by SDF-1α caused the formation of CXCR4/β-arrestin-1/Src signalosome in podocytes, which led to sequential phosphorylation of Src, EGFR, ERK1/2 and GSK-3β and ultimately β-catenin stabilization and activation. Silencing β-arrestin-1 abolished this cascade of events and inhibited β-catenin in response to CXCR4 stimulation. Podocyte-specific knockout of CXCR4 in mice abolished β-catenin activation, preserved podocyte integrity, reduced proteinuria and ameliorated glomerulosclerosis after Adriamycin injury. Conclusion: These results suggest that CXCR4 promotes podocyte dysfunction and proteinuria by assembling CXCR4/β-arrestin-1/Src signalosome, which triggers a cascade of signal events leading to β-catenin activation.
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15
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Barillari G, Bei R, Manzari V, Modesti A. Infection by High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Squamous Pre-Malignant or Malignant Lesions of the Uterine Cervix: A Series of Chained Events? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13543. [PMID: 34948338 PMCID: PMC8703928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing requires static epithelial cells to gradually assume a mobile phenotype through a multi-step process termed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although it is inherently transient and reversible, EMT perdures and is abnormally activated when the epithelium is chronically exposed to pathogens: this event deeply alters the tissue and eventually contributes to the development of diseases. Among the many of them is uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the most frequent malignancy of the female genital system. SCC, whose onset is associated with the persistent infection of the uterine cervix by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), often relapses and/or metastasizes, being resistant to conventional chemo- or radiotherapy. Given that these fearsome clinical features may stem, at least in part, from the exacerbated and long-lasting EMT occurring in the HPV-infected cervix; here we have reviewed published studies concerning the impact that HPV oncoproteins, cellular tumor suppressors, regulators of gene expression, inflammatory cytokines or growth factors, and the interactions among these effectors have on EMT induction and cervical carcinogenesis. It is predictable and desirable that a broader comprehension of the role that EMT inducers play in SCC pathogenesis will provide indications to flourish new strategies directed against this aggressive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 1 via Montellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (A.M.)
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16
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Nohawica M, Errachid A, Wyganowska-Swiatkowska M. Adipose-PAS interactions in the context of its localised bio-engineering potential (Review). Biomed Rep 2021; 15:70. [PMID: 34276988 PMCID: PMC8278035 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are a known source of stem cells. They are easy to harvest, and are a suitable candidate for autogenous grafts. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) have multiple target tissues which they can differentiate into, including bone and cartilage. In adipose tissue, ADSCs are able to differentiate, as well as providing energy and a supply of cytokines/hormones to manage the hypoxic and lipid/hormone saturated adipose environment. The plasminogen activation system (PAS) controls the majority of proteolytic activities in both adipose and wound healing environments, allowing for rapid cellular migration and tissue remodelling. While the primary activation pathway for PAS occurs through the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), which is highly expressed by endothelial cells, its function is not limited to enabling revascularisation. Proteolytic activity is dependent on protease activation, localisation, recycling mechanisms and substrate availability. uPA and uPA activated plasminogen allows pluripotent cells to arrive to new local environments and fulfil the niche demands. However, overstimulation, the acquisition of a migratory phenotype and constant protein turnover can be unconducive to the formation of structured hard and soft tissues. To maintain a suitable healing pattern, the proteolytic activity stimulated by uPA is modulated by plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. Depending on the physiological settings, different parts of the remodelling mechanism are activated with varying results. Utilising the differences within each microenvironment to recreate a desired niche is a valid therapeutic bio-engineering approach. By controlling the rate of protein turnover combined with a receptive stem cell lineage, such as ADSC, a novel avenue on the therapeutic opportunities may be identified, which can overcome limitations, such as scarcity of stem cells, low angiogenic potential or poor host tissue adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Nohawica
- Chair and Department of Dental Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Poznan, Greater Poland 60-812, Poland
| | - Abdelmounaim Errachid
- Chair and Department of Dental Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Poznan, Greater Poland 60-812, Poland
- Earth and Life Institute, University Catholique of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Marzena Wyganowska-Swiatkowska
- Chair and Department of Dental Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Poznan, Greater Poland 60-812, Poland
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17
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CD276 is an important player in macrophage recruitment into the tumor and an upstream regulator for PAI-1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14849. [PMID: 34290311 PMCID: PMC8295264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 70% of colorectal, prostate, ovarian, pancreatic and breast cancer specimens show expression of CD276 (B7–H3), a potential immune checkpoint family member. Several studies have shown that high CD276 expression in cancer cells correlates with a poor clinical prognosis. This has been associated with the presence of lower tumor infiltrating leukocytes. Among those, tumor-associated macrophages can comprise up to 50% of the tumor mass and are thought to support tumor growth through various mechanisms. However, a lack of information on CD276 function and interaction partner(s) impedes rigorous evaluation of CD276 as a therapeutic target in oncology. Therefore, we aimed to understand the relevance of CD276 in tumor-macrophage interaction by employing a 3D spheroid coculture system with human cells. Our data show a role for tumor-expressed CD276 on the macrophage recruitment into the tumor spheroid, and also in regulation of the extracellular matrix modulator PAI-1. Furthermore, our experiments focusing on macrophage-expressed CD276 suggest that the antibody-dependent CD276 engagement triggers predominantly inhibitory signaling networks in human macrophages.
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18
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Pérez-Hernández M, Marrón-Liñares GM, Schlamp F, Heguy A, van Opbergen CJM, Mezzano V, Zhang M, Liang FX, Cerrone M, Delmar M. Transcriptomic Coupling of PKP2 With Inflammatory and Immune Pathways Endogenous to Adult Cardiac Myocytes. Front Physiol 2021; 11:623190. [PMID: 33536940 PMCID: PMC7849609 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.623190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plakophilin-2 (PKP2) is classically defined as a component of the desmosome. Besides its role in cell–cell adhesion, PKP2 can modulate transcription through intracellular signals initiated at the site of cell–cell contact. Mutations in PKP2 associate with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Recent data demonstrate that inflammation plays a key role in disease progression; other results show an abundance of anti-heart antibodies in patients with confirmed diagnosis of ARVC. Here, we test the hypothesis that, in adult cardiac myocytes, PKP2 transcript abundance is endogenously linked to the abundance of transcripts participating in the inflammatory/immune response. Cardiac-specific, tamoxifen (TAM)-activated PKP2-knockout mice (PKP2cKO) were crossed with a RiboTag line to allow characterization of the ribosome-resident transcriptome of cardiomyocytes after PKP2 knockdown. Data were combined with informatics analysis of human cardiac transcriptome using GTEx. Separately, the presence of non-myocyte cells at the time of analysis was assessed by imaging methods. We identified a large number of transcripts upregulated consequent to PKP2 deficiency in myocytes, inversely correlated with PKP2 abundance in human transcriptomes, and part of functional pathways associated with inflammatory/immune responses. Our data support the concept that PKP2 is transcriptionally linked, in cardiac myocytes, to genes coding for host-response molecules even in the absence of exogenous triggers. Targeted anti-inflammatory therapy may be effective in ARVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pérez-Hernández
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Grecia M Marrón-Liñares
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Florencia Schlamp
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Genome Technology Center, Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chantal J M van Opbergen
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Valeria Mezzano
- Genome Technology Center, Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Feng-Xia Liang
- Microscopy Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marina Cerrone
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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19
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Feng Y, Liu S, Zha R, Sun X, Li K, Robling A, Li B, Yokota H. Mechanical Loading-Driven Tumor Suppression Is Mediated by Lrp5-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020267. [PMID: 33450808 PMCID: PMC7828232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer metastasize to varying organs including the bone. We show here that mechanical loading to the knee suppresses tumor growth in the loaded bone and the non-loaded mammary pad. Although lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) in osteocytes is necessary to induce loading-driven bone formation, loading-driven tumor suppression is regulated by Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms. Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhances tumor suppression, but without Lrp5 in osteocytes, mechanical loading elevates dopamine, chemerin, p53, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and reduces cholesterol and nexin. Their systemic changes contribute to inhibiting tumors without Lrp5. Osteoclast development is also inhibited by the load-driven regulation of chemerin and nexin. Abstract Bone is mechanosensitive and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5)-mediated Wnt signaling promotes loading-driven bone formation. While mechanical loading can suppress tumor growth, the question is whether Lrp5 mediates loading-driven tumor suppression. Herein, we examined the effect of Lrp5 using osteocyte-specific Lrp5 conditional knockout mice. All mice presented noticeable loading-driven tumor suppression in the loaded tibia and non-loaded mammary pad. The degree of suppression was more significant in wild-type than knockout mice. In all male and female mice, knee loading reduced cholesterol and elevated dopamine. It reduced tumor-promoting nexin, which was elevated by cholesterol and reduced by dopamine. By contrast, it elevated p53, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and chemerin, and they were regulated reversely by dopamine and cholesterol. Notably, Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhanced tumor suppression, and osteoclast development was inhibited by chemerin. Collectively, this study identified Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms for tumor suppression. Lrp5 in osteocytes contributed to the loaded bone, while the Lrp5-independent regulation of dopamine- and cholesterol-induced systemic suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Baiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
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20
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Chen Q, Chen J, Wang C, Chen X, Liu J, Zhou L, Liu Y. MicroRNA-466o-3p mediates β-catenin-induced podocyte injury by targeting Wilms tumor 1. FASEB J 2020; 34:14424-14439. [PMID: 32888352 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000464r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes are highly specialized cells that play an essential role in maintaining the integrity and function of the glomerular filtration barrier. Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) and β-catenin are two master regulators that play opposing roles in podocyte biology and mutually antagonize each other. However, exactly how β-catenin inhibits WT1 remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated the role of miR-466o-3p in mediating β-catenin-triggered podocyte injury by targeting WT1. The expression of miR-466o-3p was upregulated in cultured podocytes after β-catenin activation and in glomerular podocytes in adriamycin (ADR) nephropathy, remnant kidney after 5/6 renal ablation, and diabetic kidney disease. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-466o-3p directly targeted WT1 mRNA. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-466o-3p downregulated WT1 protein and promoted podocyte injury in vitro. Conversely, inhibition of miR-466o-3p alleviated β-catenin-induced podocyte dysfunction. In mouse model of ADR nephropathy, overexpression of miR-466o-3p inhibited WT1, aggravated podocytes injury and deteriorated proteinuria. In contrast, inhibition of renal miR-466o-3p by antagomiR, either prior to or after ADR injection, substantially restored WT1, alleviated podocytes injury and reduced renal fibrosis. These studies reveal a critical role for miR-466o-3p, a novel microRNA that has not been characterized previously, in mediating β-catenin-triggered WT1 inhibition. Our findings also uncover a new pathogenic mechanism by which β-catenin promotes podocyte injury and proteinuria in glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiongcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Shoemaker LD, McCormick AK, Allen BM, Chang SD. Evidence for endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human brain arteriovenous malformations. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e99. [PMID: 32564509 PMCID: PMC7403663 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare, potentially devastating cerebrovascular lesions that can occur in both children and adults. AVMs are largely sporadic and the basic disease biology remains unclear, limiting advances in both detection and treatment. This study aimed to investigate human brain AVMs for endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process recently implicated in cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). METHODS We used 29 paraffin-embedded and 13 fresh/frozen human brain AVM samples to profile expression of panels of EndMT-associated proteins and RNAs. CCMs, a cerebrovascular disease also characterized by abnormal vasculature, were used as a primary comparison, given that EndMT specifically contributes to CCM disease biology. AVM-derived cell lines were isolated from three fresh, surgical AVM samples and characterized by protein expression. RESULTS We observed high collagen deposition, high PAI-1 expression, and expression of EndMT-associated transcription factors such as KLF4, SNAI1, and SNAI2 and mesenchymal-associated markers such as VIM, ACTA2, and S100A4. SMAD-dependent TGF-β signaling was not strongly activated in AVMs and this pathway may be only partially involved in mediating EndMT. Using serum-free culture conditions, we isolated myofibroblast-like cell populations from AVMs that expressed a unique range of proteins associated with mature cell types and with EndMT. Conditioned medium from these cells led to increased proliferation of HUVECs and SMCs. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggest a role for EndMT in AVM disease. This may lead to new avenues for disease models to further our understanding of disease mechanisms, and to the development of improved diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei D. Shoemaker
- Stanford Neuromolecular Innovation ProgramDepartment of NeurosurgeryStanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia
| | - Aaron K. McCormick
- Stanford Neuromolecular Innovation ProgramDepartment of NeurosurgeryStanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia
| | - Breanna M. Allen
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Steven D. Chang
- Stanford Neuromolecular Innovation ProgramDepartment of NeurosurgeryStanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia
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22
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Nlandu-Khodo S, Osaki Y, Scarfe L, Yang H, Phillips-Mignemi M, Tonello J, Saito-Diaz K, Neelisetty S, Ivanova A, Huffstater T, McMahon R, Taketo MM, deCaestecker M, Kasinath B, Harris RC, Lee E, Gewin LS. Tubular β-catenin and FoxO3 interactions protect in chronic kidney disease. JCI Insight 2020; 5:135454. [PMID: 32369448 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in renal development and is reexpressed in the injured kidney and other organs. β-Catenin signaling is protective in acute kidney injury (AKI) through actions on the proximal tubule, but the current dogma is that Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes fibrosis and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As the role of proximal tubular β-catenin signaling in CKD remains unclear, we genetically stabilized (i.e., activated) β-catenin specifically in murine proximal tubules. Mice with increased tubular β-catenin signaling were protected in 2 murine models of AKI to CKD progression. Oxidative stress, a common feature of CKD, reduced the conventional T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor-dependent β-catenin signaling and augmented FoxO3-dependent activity in proximal tubule cells in vitro and in vivo. The protective effect of proximal tubular β-catenin in renal injury required the presence of FoxO3 in vivo. Furthermore, we identified cystathionine γ-lyase as a potentially novel transcriptional target of β-catenin/FoxO3 interactions in the proximal tubule. Thus, our studies overturned the conventional dogma about β-catenin signaling and CKD by showing a protective effect of proximal tubule β-catenin in CKD and identified a potentially new transcriptional target of β-catenin/FoxO3 signaling that has therapeutic potential for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stellor Nlandu-Khodo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yosuke Osaki
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren Scarfe
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Haichun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, VUMC, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melanie Phillips-Mignemi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jane Tonello
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Surekha Neelisetty
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alla Ivanova
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tessa Huffstater
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert McMahon
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M Mark Taketo
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mark deCaestecker
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Balakuntalam Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ethan Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and
| | - Leslie S Gewin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and.,Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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23
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Miao J, Liu J, Niu J, Zhang Y, Shen W, Luo C, Liu Y, Li C, Li H, Yang P, Liu Y, Hou FF, Zhou L. Wnt/β-catenin/RAS signaling mediates age-related renal fibrosis and is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13004. [PMID: 31318148 PMCID: PMC6718575 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common pathological feature in a variety of chronic kidney diseases. Aging is highly associated with the progression of renal fibrosis. Among several determinants, mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in aging. However, the underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in age-related renal fibrosis are not elucidated. Herein, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity were upregulated in aging kidneys. Concomitantly, mitochondrial mass and functions were impaired with aging. Ectopic expression of Klotho, an antagonist of endogenous Wnt/β-catenin activity, abolished renal fibrosis in d-galactose (d-gal)-induced accelerated aging mouse model and significantly protected renal mitochondrial functions by preserving mass and diminishing the production of reactive oxygen species. In an established aging mouse model, dickkopf 1, a more specific Wnt inhibitor, and the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone restored mitochondrial mass and attenuated tubular senescence and renal fibrosis. In a human proximal tubular cell line (HKC-8), ectopic expression of Wnt1 decreased biogenesis and induced dysfunction of mitochondria, and triggered cellular senescence. Moreover, d-gal triggered the transduction of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which further activated angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1), and then decreased the mitochondrial mass and increased cellular senescence in HKC-8 cells and primary cultured renal tubular cells. These effects were inhibited by AT1 blocker of losartan. These results suggest inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the RAS could slow the onset of age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and renal fibrosis. Taken together, our results indicate that Wnt/β-catenin/RAS signaling mediates age-related renal fibrosis and is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Miao
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Niu
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People’s Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Congwei Luo
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yahong Liu
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Chuanjiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People’s Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Peiliang Yang
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Youhua Liu
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Division of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
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24
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Cai J, Liu Z, Huang X, Shu S, Hu X, Zheng M, Tang C, Liu Y, Chen G, Sun L, Liu H, Liu F, Cheng J, Dong Z. The deacetylase sirtuin 6 protects against kidney fibrosis by epigenetically blocking β-catenin target gene expression. Kidney Int 2019; 97:106-118. [PMID: 31787254 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathologic pathway of progressive kidney disease involving complex signaling networks. The deacetylase sirtuin 6 (sirt6) was recently implicated in kidney injury. However, it remains elusive whether and how sirt6 contributes to the regulation of kidney fibrosis. Here, we demonstrate that sirt6 protects against kidney interstitial fibrosis through epigenetic regulation of β-catenin signaling. Sirt6 is markedly upregulated during fibrogenesis following obstructed nephropathy and kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. Pharmacological inhibition of sirt6 deacetylase activity aggravates kidney fibrosis in obstructed nephropathy. Consistently, knockdown of sirt6 in mouse kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells aggravates transforming growth factor-β-induced fibrosis in vitro. Mechanistically, sirt6 deficiency results in augmented expression of the downstream target proteins of β-catenin signaling. We further show that sirt6 interacts with β-catenin during transforming growth factor-β treatment and binds to the promoters of β-catenin target genes, resulting in the deacetylation of histone H3K56 to prevent the transcription of fibrosis-related genes. Thus, our data reveal the anti-fibrotic function of sirt6 by epigenetically attenuating β-catenin target gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoqun Shu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoru Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guochun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinke Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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25
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Lu X, Rudemiller NP, Ren J, Wen Y, Yang B, Griffiths R, Privratsky JR, Madan B, Virshup DM, Crowley SD. Opposing actions of renal tubular- and myeloid-derived porcupine in obstruction-induced kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2019; 96:1308-1319. [PMID: 31585741 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is essential in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. We previously reported inhibition of the Wnt O-acyl transferase porcupine, required for Wnt secretion, dramatically attenuates kidney fibrosis in the murine unilateral ureteral obstruction model. Here, we investigated the tissue-specific contributions of porcupine to renal fibrosis and inflammation in ureteral obstruction using mice with porcupine deletion restricted to the kidney tubular epithelium or infiltrating myeloid cells. Obstruction of the ureter induced the renal mRNA expression of porcupine and downstream targets, β-catenin, T-cell factor, and lymphoid enhancer factor in wild type mice. Renal tubular specific deficiency of porcupine reduced the expression of collagen I and other fibrosis markers in the obstructed kidney. Moreover, kidneys from obstructed mice with tubule-specific porcupine deficiency had reduced macrophage accumulation with attenuated expression of myeloid cytokine and chemokine mRNA. In co-culture with activated macrophages, renal tubular cells from tubular-specific porcupine knockout mice had blunted induction of fibrosis mediators compared with wild type renal tubular cells. In contrast, macrophages from macrophage-specific porcupine deficient mice in co-culture with wild type renal tubular cells had markedly enhanced expression of pro-fibrotic cytokines compared to wild type macrophages. Consequently, porcupine deletion specifically within macrophages augmented renal scar formation following ureteral obstruction. Thus, our experiments suggest a benefit of interrupting Wnt secretion specifically within the kidney epithelium while preserving Wnt O-acylation in infiltrating myeloid cells during renal fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nathan P Rudemiller
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jiafa Ren
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert Griffiths
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jamie R Privratsky
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Babita Madan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - David M Virshup
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven D Crowley
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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26
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Wang Q, Lu W, Yin T, Lu L. Calycosin suppresses TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and migration by upregulating BATF2 to target PAI-1 via the Wnt and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in colorectal cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:240. [PMID: 31174572 PMCID: PMC6555005 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether the upregulation of basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor 2 (BATF2) by calycosin suppresses the growth and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. METHOD Cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of calycosin for different periods of time. Protein and mRNA expression was determined by western blotting and quantitative PCR. Cell migration was assessed by Transwell experiments. Co-immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays were used to analyze the association between BATF2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. (PAI-1). Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry; β-catenin cellular localization was visualized by immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS Calycosin up-regulated the expression of BATF2 via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, which was antagonized by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), calycosin promoted the cell apoptosis and growth inhibition via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. TGF-β promoted cell growth, which was inhibited by calycosin regulating the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway. TGF-β suppressed expression of BAX via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway but induced cell apoptosis .calycosin enhanced the effect of TGF-β on cell apoptosis,In addition, calycosin suppressed TGF-β-induced cell migration by increasing BATF2 to target PAI-1. TGF-β-induced EMT was inhibited by calycosin in human CRC LoVo and HCT116 cell lines via the Wnt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The induction of BATF2 by calycosin may be a feasible therapeutic option for CRC. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weijun Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Wang W, Carbone DP, Arasada RR. Novel mechanism of resistance to targeted therapies in lung cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2019; 6:1551015. [PMID: 30788420 PMCID: PMC6370384 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1551015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a non-canonical role of0 Notch3 in response to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, whereby Notch3 associates with β-catenin, resulting in increased catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1, best known as β-catenin) stability and increased survival of drug persister cells (DPCs). Furthermore, combined treatment of an EGFR TKI with a β-catenin inhibitor demonstrated improved therapeutic outcomes in xenograft models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - David P Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Rajeswara Rao Arasada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH USA
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28
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Kanno Y. The Role of Fibrinolytic Regulators in Vascular Dysfunction of Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030619. [PMID: 30709025 PMCID: PMC6387418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease of autoimmune origin characterized by vascular dysfunction and extensive fibrosis of the skin and visceral organs. Vascular dysfunction is caused by endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis, defective angiogenesis, defective vasculogenesis, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), and coagulation abnormalities, and exacerbates the disease. Fibrinolytic regulators, such as plasminogen (Plg), plasmin, α2-antiplasmin (α2AP), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and angiostatin, are considered to play an important role in the maintenance of endothelial homeostasis, and are associated with the endothelial dysfunction of SSc. This review considers the roles of fibrinolytic factors in vascular dysfunction of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kanno
- Department of Clinical Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, 97-1 Kodo Kyo-tanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
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29
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Xiao L, Xu B, Zhou L, Tan RJ, Zhou D, Fu H, Li A, Hou FF, Liu Y. Wnt/β-catenin regulates blood pressure and kidney injury in rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1313-1322. [PMID: 30710617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in mediating hypertension, chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases. As Wnt/β-catenin regulates multiple RAS genes, we speculated that this developmental signaling pathway might also participate in blood pressure (BP) regulation. To test this, we utilized two rat models of experimental hypertension: chronic angiotensin II infusion and remnant kidney after 5/6 nephrectomy. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin by ICG-001 blunted angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Interestingly, angiotensin II was able to induce the expression of multiple Wnt genes in vivo and in vitro, thereby creating a vicious cycle between Wnt/β-catenin and RAS activation. In the remnant kidney model, renal β-catenin was upregulated, and delayed administration of ICG-001 also blunted BP elevation and abolished the induction of angiotensinogen, renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin II type 1 receptor. ICG-001 also reduced albuminuria, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and inhibited renal expression of fibronectin, collagen I and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and suppressed the infiltration of CD3+ T cells and CD68+ monocytes/macrophages. In vitro, incubation with losartan prevented Wnt/β-catenin-mediated fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin and Snail1 expression, suggesting that the fibrogenic action of Wnt/β-catenin is dependent on RAS activation. Taken together, these results suggest an intrinsic linkage of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with BP regulation. Our studies also demonstrate that hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin can drive hypertension and kidney damage via RAS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Roderick J Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
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30
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Min E, Schwartz MA. Translocating transcription factors in fluid shear stress-mediated vascular remodeling and disease. Exp Cell Res 2019; 376:92-97. [PMID: 30633880 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells are exposed to fluid shear stress profiles that vary in magnitude, pulsatility, and directionality due to regional variations in blood vessel structure. Laminar flow at physiological levels is atheroprotective; multidirectional or reversing low (disturbed) flow promotes inflammation and disease; and high or low laminar flow promote outward or inward remodeling, respectively. However, our understanding of how endothelial cells discern these different flow profiles and regulate gene expression accordingly is limited. This article reviews recent studies that identify the TGFβ/Smad, Notch, Yap/Taz, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways as important mediators of flow profile- and magnitude-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Min
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, United States; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, United States
| | - Martin A Schwartz
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, United States; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, United States; Department of Medicine (Cardiology), United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, United States.
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31
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Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Renal Fibrosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:525-541. [PMID: 31399983 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the lipid nephrotoxicity hypothesis was proposed in 1982, increasing evidence has supported the hypothesis that lipid abnormalities contributed to the progression of glomerulosclerosis. In this chapter, we will discuss the general promises of the original hypothesis, focusing especially on the role of lipids and metabolic inflammation accompanying CKD in renal fibrosis and potential new strategies of prevention.
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32
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Park G, Son B, Kang J, Lee S, Jeon J, Kim JH, Yi GR, Youn H, Moon C, Nam SY, Youn B. LDR-Induced miR-30a and miR-30b Target the PAI-1 Pathway to Control Adverse Effects of NSCLC Radiotherapy. Mol Ther 2018; 27:342-354. [PMID: 30424954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy has been a central part in curing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is possible that not all of the tumor cells are destroyed by radiation; therefore, it is important to effectively control residual tumor cells that could become aggressive and resistant to radiotherapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of decreased NSCLC radioresistance by low-dose radiation (LDR) pretreatment. The results indicated that miR-30a and miR-30b, which effectively inhibited plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), were overexpressed by treatment of LDR to NSCLC cells. Phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, the downstream survival signals of PAI-1, was decreased by PAI-1 inhibition. Reduced cell survival and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by PAI-1 inhibition were confirmed in NSCLC cells. Moreover, in vivo orthotopic xenograft mouse models with 7C1 nanoparticles to deliver miRNAs showed that tumor growth and aggressiveness were efficiently decreased by LDR treatment followed by radiotherapy. Taken together, the present study suggested that PAI-1, whose expression is regulated by LDR, was critical for controlling surviving tumor cells after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaeul Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomseok Son
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHoon Kang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewan Jeon
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan 48108, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Young Nam
- Low-Dose Radiation Research Team, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Seoul 01450, Republic of Korea
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Zuo Y, Liu Y. New insights into the role and mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin signalling in kidney fibrosis. Nephrology (Carlton) 2018; 23 Suppl 4:38-43. [PMID: 30298654 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital; Southern Medical University; Guangzhou China
- Department of Pathology; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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34
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Zhou L, Zhou S, Yang P, Tian Y, Feng Z, Xie XQ, Liu Y. Targeted inhibition of the type 2 cannabinoid receptor is a novel approach to reduce renal fibrosis. Kidney Int 2018; 94:756-772. [PMID: 30093080 PMCID: PMC6151282 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) is a G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptor that transmits endogenous cannabinoid signaling. The role of CB2 in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and fibrosis remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that CB2 was induced, predominantly in kidney tubular epithelium, in various models of kidney disease induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction, adriamycin or ischemia/reperfusion injury. In vitro, forced expression of CB2 or treatment with a CB2 agonist was sufficient to trigger matrix gene expression, whereas knockdown of CB2 by siRNA abolished transforming growth factor-β1-induced signaling and fibrogenic responses in kidney tubular cells. CB2 also mediated fibroblasts and macrophage activation in vitro. Mice with genetic ablation of CB2 were protected against kidney injury after ureteral obstruction, validating a pathogenic role of CB2 in renal fibrosis in vivo. By using in silico screening and medicinal chemistry modifications, we discovered a novel compound, XL-001, that bound to CB2 with high affinity and selectivity and acted as an inverse agonist. Incubation with XL-001 inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion the fibrogenic response induced by CB2 overexpression, CB2 agonist or transforming growth factor-β1. In vivo, intraperitoneal injections of XL-001 ameliorated kidney injury, fibrosis and inflammation in both the obstruction and ischemia/reperfusion models. Delayed administration of XL-001 was also effective in ameliorating kidney fibrosis and inflammation. Thus, CB2 is a pathogenic mediator in kidney fibrosis and targeted inhibition with the novel inverse agonist XL-001 may provide a strategy in the fight against fibrotic kidney diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Discovery
- Epithelium
- Extracellular Matrix/genetics
- Fibroblasts
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression
- Gene Silencing
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/prevention & control
- Kidney Tubules/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules/pathology
- Macrophages
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/genetics
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control
- Reperfusion Injury/complications
- Signal Transduction
- Sulfonamides/chemistry
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Ureteral Obstruction/complications
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Structural Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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35
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Hua K, Li Y, Zhou H, Hu X, Chen Y, He R, Luo R, Zhou R, Bi D, Jin H. Haemophilus parasuis Infection Disrupts Adherens Junctions and Initializes EMT Dependent on Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:324. [PMID: 30258822 PMCID: PMC6143654 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, animal experimentation verified that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated under a reduced activity of p-β-catenin (Ser33/37/Thr41) and an increased accumulation of β-catenin in the lungs and kidneys of pigs infected with a highly virulent strain of H. parasuis. In PK-15 and NPTr cells, it was also confirmed that infection with a high-virulence strain of H. parasuis induced cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin. H. parasuis infection caused a sharp degradation of E-cadherin and an increase of the epithelial cell monolayer permeability, as well as a broken interaction between β-catenin and E-cadherin dependent on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway also contributed to the initiation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during high-virulence strain of H. parasuis infection with expression changes of epithelial/mesenchymal markers, increased migratory capabilities as well as the morphologically spindle-like switch in PK-15 and NPTr cells. Therefore, we originally speculated that H. parasuis infection activates the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway leading to a disruption of the epithelial barrier, altering cell structure and increasing cell migration, which results in severe acute systemic infection characterized by fibrinous polyserositis during H. parasuis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hufeng Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xueying Hu
- College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yushan Chen
- Brain and Cognition Research Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control in Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongrong He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dingren Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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36
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Tuffaha R, Voelkl J, Pieske B, Lang F, Alesutan I. Role of PKB/SGK-dependent phosphorylation of GSK-3α/β in vascular calcification during cholecalciferol overload in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2068-2074. [PMID: 30119888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medial vascular calcification is a highly regulated process involving osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Both, protein kinase B (PKB) and serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) are involved in the intracellular signaling of vascular calcification and both phosphorylate and inactivate glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). The present study explored whether PKB/SGK-dependent phosphorylation of GSK-3α/β is involved in vascular calcification. Experiments were performed in Gsk-3α/β double knockin mice lacking functional PKB/SGK phosphorylation sites (gsk-3KI) and corresponding wild-type mice (gsk-3WT) following high-dosed cholecalciferol treatment as well as ex vivo in aortic ring explants from gsk-3KI and gsk-3WT mice treated without and with phosphate. In gsk-3WT mice, high-dosed cholecalciferol induced vascular calcification and aortic osteo-/chondrogenic signaling, shown by increased expression of osteogenic markers Msx2, Cbfa1 and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (Alpl). All these effects were suppressed in aortic tissue from gsk-3KI mice. Cholecalciferol decreased aortic Gsk-3α/β phosphorylation (Ser21/9) in gsk-3WT mice, while no phosphorylation was observed in gsk-3KI mice. Moreover, the mRNA expression of type III sodium-dependent phosphate transporter (Pit1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (Pai1) was increased following cholecalciferol treatment in aortic tissue of gsk-3WT mice, effects again blunted in gsk-3KI mice. In addition, phosphate treatment induced mineral deposition and osteogenic markers expression in aortic ring explants from gsk-3WT mice, effects reduced in aortic ring explants from gsk-3KI mice. In conclusion, vascular PKB/SGK-dependent phosphorylation of GSK-3α/β contributes to the osteoinductive signaling leading to vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashad Tuffaha
- Department of Physiology I, Eberhard-Karls University, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Str. 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology I, Eberhard-Karls University, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ioana Alesutan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Hessische Str. 3-4, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch Str. 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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37
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Arasada RR, Shilo K, Yamada T, Zhang J, Yano S, Ghanem R, Wang W, Takeuchi S, Fukuda K, Katakami N, Tomii K, Ogushi F, Nishioka Y, Talabere T, Misra S, Duan W, Fadda P, Rahman MA, Nana-Sinkam P, Evans J, Amann J, Tchekneva EE, Dikov MM, Carbone DP. Notch3-dependent β-catenin signaling mediates EGFR TKI drug persistence in EGFR mutant NSCLC. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3198. [PMID: 30097569 PMCID: PMC6090531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause dramatic responses in EGFR-mutant lung cancer, but resistance universally develops. The involvement of β-catenin in EGFR TKI resistance has been previously reported, however, the precise mechanism by which β-catenin activation contributes to EGFR TKI resistance is not clear. Here, we show that EGFR inhibition results in the activation of β-catenin signaling in a Notch3-dependent manner, which facilitates the survival of a subset of cells that we call "adaptive persisters". We previously reported that EGFR-TKI treatment rapidly activates Notch3, and here we describe the physical association of Notch3 with β-catenin, leading to increased stability and activation of β-catenin. We demonstrate that the combination of EGFR-TKI and a β-catenin inhibitor inhibits the development of these adaptive persisters, decreases tumor burden, improves recurrence free survival, and overall survival in xenograft models. These results supports combined EGFR-TKI and β-catenin inhibition in patients with EGFR mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswara Rao Arasada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Konstantin Shilo
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Tadaaki Yamada
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kanazawa University Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Seiji Yano
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kanazawa University Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Rashelle Ghanem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Walter Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shinji Takeuchi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kanazawa University Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Koji Fukuda
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kanazawa University Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Katakami
- Division of Integrated Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tomii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ogushi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, National Hospital Organization National Kochi Hospital, Kochi, 780-8077, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tiffany Talabere
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shrilekha Misra
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wenrui Duan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mohammad A Rahman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and the Center for Critical Care Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Patrick Nana-Sinkam
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine and the Center for Critical Care Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jason Evans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Joseph Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Elena E Tchekneva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mikhail M Dikov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David P Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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38
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An essential role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mediating hypertensive heart disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8996. [PMID: 29895976 PMCID: PMC5997634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with hypertension and heart disease. However, how RAS activation causes cardiac lesions remains elusive. Here we report the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in this process. In rats with chronic infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II), eight Wnt ligands were induced and β-catenin activated in both cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. Blockade of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by small molecule inhibitor ICG-001 restrained Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by normalizing heart size and inhibiting hypertrophic marker genes. ICG-001 also attenuated myocardial fibrosis and inhibited α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin and collagen I expression. These changes were accompanied by a reduced expression of atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide. Interestingly, ICG-001 also lowered blood pressure induced by Ang II. In vitro, Ang II induced multiple Wnt ligands and activated β-catenin in rat primary cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. ICG-001 inhibited myocyte hypertrophy and Snail1, c-Myc and atrial natriuretic peptide expression, and abolished the fibrogenic effect of Ang II in cardiac fibroblasts. Finally, recombinant Wnt3a was sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte injury and fibroblast activation in vitro. Taken together, these results illustrate an essential role for Wnt/β-catenin in mediating hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Therefore, blockade of this pathway may be a novel strategy for ameliorating hypertensive heart disease.
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Mallikarjuna P, Sitaram RT, Landström M, Ljungberg B. VHL status regulates transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways in renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16297-16310. [PMID: 29662646 PMCID: PMC5893241 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the role of pVHL in the regulation of TGF-β signaling pathways in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) as well as in non-ccRCC; the expression of pVHL, and the TGF-β pathway components and their association with clinicopathological parameters and patient’s survival were explored. Tissue samples from 143 ccRCC and 58 non-ccRCC patients were examined by immunoblot. ccRCC cell lines were utilized for mechanistic in-vitro studies. Expression levels of pVHL were significantly lower in ccRCC compared with non-ccRCC. Non-ccRCC and ccRCC pVHL-High expressed similar levels of pVHL. Expression of the TGF-β type I receptor (ALK5) and intra-cellular domain were significantly higher in ccRCC compared with non-ccRCC. In non-ccRCC, expressions of ALK5-FL, ALK5-ICD, pSMAD2/3, and PAI-1 had no association with clinicopathological parameters and survival. In ccRCC pVHL-Low, ALK5-FL, ALK5-ICD, pSMAD2/3, and PAI-1 were significantly related with tumor stage, size, and survival. In ccRCC pVHL-High, the expression of PAI-1 was associated with stage and survival. In-vitro studies revealed that pVHL interacted with ALK5 to downregulate its expression through K48-linked poly-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus negatively controlling TGF-β induced cancer cell invasiveness. The pVHL status controls the ALK5 and can thereby regulate the TGF-β pathway, aggressiveness of tumors, and survival of the ccRCC and non-ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Mallikarjuna
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
| | - Raviprakash T Sitaram
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden.,Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
| | - Maréne Landström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
| | - Börje Ljungberg
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-90187, Sweden
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Luo C, Zhou S, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Yang L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li H, Liu Y, Hou FF, Zhou L. Wnt9a Promotes Renal Fibrosis by Accelerating Cellular Senescence in Tubular Epithelial Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:1238-1256. [PMID: 29440280 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is associated with renal disease progression, and accelerated tubular cell senescence promotes the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. We assessed the potential role of Wnt9a in tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis. Compared with tubular cells of normal subjects, tubular cells of humans with a variety of nephropathies and those of several mouse models of CKD expressed high levels of Wnt9a that colocalized with the senescence-related protein p16INK4A Wnt9a expression level correlated with the extent of renal fibrosis, decline of eGFR, and expression of p16INK4A Furthermore, ectopic expression of Wnt9a after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induced activation of β-catenin and exacerbated renal fibrosis. Overexpression of Wnt9a exacerbated tubular senescence, evidenced by increased detection of p16INK4A expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of Wnt9a repressed IRI-induced renal fibrosis in vivo and impeded the growth of senescent tubular epithelial cells in culture. Notably, Wnt9a-induced renal fibrosis was inhibited by shRNA-mediated silencing of p16INK4A in the IRI mouse model. In a human proximal tubular epithelial cell line and primary renal tubular cells, Wnt9a remarkably upregulated levels of senescence-related p16INK4A, p19ARF, p53, and p21 and decreased the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein. Wnt9a also induced senescent tubular cells to produce TGF-β1, which promoted proliferation and activation in normal rat kidney fibroblasts. Thus, Wnt9a drives tubular senescence and fibroblast activation. Furthermore, the Wnt9a-TGF-β pathway appears to create a reciprocal activation loop between senescent tubular cells and activated fibroblasts that promotes and accelerates the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congwei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Yahong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
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Zhou D, Fu H, Xiao L, Mo H, Zhuo H, Tian X, Lin L, Xing J, Liu Y. Fibroblast-Specific β-Catenin Signaling Dictates the Outcome of AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:1257-1271. [PMID: 29343518 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017080903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AKI is a devastating condition with high morbidity and mortality. The pathologic features of AKI are characterized by tubular injury, inflammation, and vascular impairment. Whether fibroblasts in the renal interstitium have a role in the pathogenesis of AKI is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of fibroblast-specific β-catenin signaling in dictating the outcome of AKI, using conditional knockout mice in which β-catenin was specifically ablated in fibroblasts (Gli1-β-cat-/-). After ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), Gli1-β-cat-/- mice had lower serum creatinine levels and less morphologic injury than Gli1-β-cat+/+ littermate controls. Moreover, we detected fewer apoptotic cells, as well as decreased cytochrome C release; reduced expression of Bax, FasL, and p53; and increased phosphorylation of Akt, in the Gli1-β-cat-/- kidneys. Gli1-β-cat-/- kidneys also exhibited upregulated expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67, which are markers of cell proliferation. Furthermore, Gli1-β-cat-/- kidneys displayed suppressed NF-κB signaling and cytokine expression and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells. Notably, loss of β-catenin in fibroblasts induced renal expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and augmented the tyrosine phosphorylation of c-met receptor after IRI. In vitro, treatment with Wnt ligands or ectopic expression of active β-catenin inhibited HGF mRNA and protein expression and repressed HGF promoter activity. Collectively, these results suggest that fibroblast-specific β-catenin signaling can control tubular injury and repair in AKI by modulating HGF expression. Our studies uncover a previously unrecognized role for interstitial fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangxiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Xiaojun Tian
- Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Lin Lin
- Departments of Pathology and
| | - Jianhua Xing
- Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Youhua Liu
- Departments of Pathology and .,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang Y, Zhou CJ, Liu Y. Wnt Signaling in Kidney Development and Disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 153:181-207. [PMID: 29389516 PMCID: PMC6008255 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signal cascade is an evolutionarily conserved, developmental pathway that regulates embryogenesis, injury repair, and pathogenesis of human diseases. It is well established that Wnt ligands transmit their signal via canonical, β-catenin-dependent and noncanonical, β-catenin-independent mechanisms. Mounting evidence has revealed that Wnt signaling plays a key role in controlling early nephrogenesis and is implicated in the development of various kidney disorders. Dysregulations of Wnt expression cause a variety of developmental abnormalities and human diseases, such as congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, cystic kidney, and renal carcinoma. Multiple Wnt ligands, their receptors, and transcriptional targets are upregulated during nephron formation, which is crucial for mediating the reciprocal interaction between primordial tissues of ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme. Renal cysts are also associated with disrupted Wnt signaling. In addition, Wnt components are important players in renal tumorigenesis. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin is instrumental for tubular repair and regeneration after acute kidney injury. However, sustained activation of this signal cascade is linked to chronic kidney diseases and renal fibrosis in patients and experimental animal models. Mechanistically, Wnt signaling controls a diverse array of biologic processes, such as cell cycle progression, cell polarity and migration, cilia biology, and activation of renin-angiotensin system. In this chapter, we have reviewed recent findings that implicate Wnt signaling in kidney development and diseases. Targeting this signaling may hold promise for future treatment of kidney disorders in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Youhua Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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43
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Cai T, Sun D, Duan Y, Qiu Y, Dai C, Yang J, He W. FHL2 promotes tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through modulating β-catenin signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1684-1695. [PMID: 29193729 PMCID: PMC5824423 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin signalling plays an important role in regulating tubular epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an indispensable programme for driving renal fibrosis. As an adapter protein, four and a half LIM domain protein 2 (FHL2) acts as a coregulator of β-catenin in several other cell types. To determine whether FHL2 affects β-catenin signalling and thus is involved in tubular EMT, we examined its expression and function in the process of TGF-β1-induced EMT. FHL2 mRNA and protein were induced by TGF-β1 in rat tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E), an effect that intracellular Smad signalling was required. Ectopic expression of FHL2 inhibited E-cadherin and enhanced α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin expression, whereas knockdown of FHL2 partially restored E-cadherin and reduced α-SMA and fibronectin induction stimulated by TGF-β1. Overexpression of FHL2 increased β-catenin dephosphorylation (Ser37/Thr41), nuclear translocation and β-catenin-mediated transcription and up-regulated expression of β-catenin target, EMT-related genes, such as Snail, Twist, vimentin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-7. Conversely, knockdown of FHL2 increased β-catenin phosphorylation (Ser33/37/Thr41), decreased its nuclear translocation and inhibited β-catenin-mediated transcription and target genes expression. TGF-β1 induced a FHL2/β-catenin interaction in NRK-52E cells, especially in the nuclei. In a mouse model of obstructive nephropathy, FHL2 mRNA and protein were induced in a time-dependent fashion, and the extent and pattern of renal β-catenin activation were positively correlated with FHL2 induction. Collectively, this study suggests that FHL2, via modulating β-catenin signalling, may implicate in regulation of TGF-β1-mediated tubular EMT and could be a potential therapeutic target for fibrotic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danqin Sun
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Duan
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumei Qiu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Bose M, Almas S, Prabhakar S. Wnt signaling and podocyte dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. J Investig Med 2017; 65:1093-1101. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-2017-000456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nephropathy is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and often leads to terminal renal failure in addition to contributing significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despites continuous advances, the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy remains poorly understood. Recent studies have underscored the significance of structural and functional changes in podocytes in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The role of podocytes in health and diabetic nephropathy and abnormalities including podocyte hypertrophy, effacement, and apoptosis, and a detailed discussion on the role played by the Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway in podocyte injury and dysfunction are the focus of this review. In addition, the role played by Wnt signaling in mediating the effects of known therapeutic strategies for diabetic nephropathy is also discussed.
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45
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Defective CFTR leads to aberrant β-catenin activation and kidney fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5233. [PMID: 28701694 PMCID: PMC5507915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), known as a cAMP-activated Cl− channel, is widely expressed at the apical membrane of epithelial cells in a wide variety of tissues. Of note, despite the abundant expression of CFTR in mammalian kidney, the role of CFTR in kidney disease development is unclear. Here, we report that CFTR expression is downregulated in the UUO (unilateral ureteral obstruction)-induced kidney fibrosis mouse model and human fibrotic kidneys. Dysfunction or downregulation of CFTR in renal epithelial cells leads to alteration of genes involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and kidney fibrosis. In addition, dysregulation of CFTR activates canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, whereas the β-catenin inhibitor reverses the effects of CFTR downregulation on EMT marker. More interestingly, CFTR interacts with Dishevelled 2 (Dvl2), a key component of Wnt signaling, thereby suppressing the activation of β-catenin. Compared to wild type, deltaF508 mice with UUO treatment exhibit significantly higher β-catenin activity with aggregated kidney fibrogenesis, which is reduced by forced overexpression of CFTR. Taken together, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which CFTR regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pertinent to progression of kidney fibrosis and indicates a potential treatment target.
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Zanchi C, Macconi D, Trionfini P, Tomasoni S, Rottoli D, Locatelli M, Rudnicki M, Vandesompele J, Mestdagh P, Remuzzi G, Benigni A, Zoja C. MicroRNA-184 is a downstream effector of albuminuria driving renal fibrosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1114-1125. [PMID: 28364255 PMCID: PMC5423990 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Renal fibrosis is a common complication of diabetic nephropathy and is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Despite the suggested link between renal fibrosis and microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation in diabetic nephropathy, the identification of the specific miRNAs involved is still incomplete. The aim of this study was to investigate miRNA profiles in the diabetic kidney and to identify potential downstream targets implicated in renal fibrosis. METHODS miRNA expression profiling was investigated in the kidneys of 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats during overt nephropathy. Localisation of the most upregulated miRNA was established by in situ hybridisation. The candidate miRNA target was identified by in silico analysis and its expression documented in the diabetic kidney associated with fibrotic markers. Cultured tubule cells served to assess which of the profibrogenic stimuli acted as a trigger for the overexpressed miRNA, and to investigate underlying epigenetic mechanisms. RESULTS In ZDF rats, miR-184 showed the strongest differential upregulation compared with lean rats (18-fold). Tubular localisation of miR-184 was associated with reduced expression of lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 (LPP3) and collagen accumulation. Transfection of NRK-52E cells with miR-184 mimic reduced LPP3, promoting a profibrotic phenotype. Albumin was a major trigger of miR-184 expression. Anti-miR-184 counteracted albumin-induced LPP3 downregulation and overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. In ZDF rats, ACE-inhibitor treatment limited albuminuria and reduced miR-184, with tubular LPP3 preservation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis amelioration. Albumin-induced miR-184 expression in tubule cells was epigenetically regulated through DNA demethylation and histone lysine acetylation and was accompanied by binding of NF-κB p65 subunit to miR-184 promoter. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that miR-184 may act as a downstream effector of albuminuria through LPP3 to promote tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and offer the rationale to investigate whether targeting miR-184 in association with albuminuria-lowering drugs may be a new strategy to achieve fully anti-fibrotic effects in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zanchi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniela Macconi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Piera Trionfini
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Susanna Tomasoni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Daniela Rottoli
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Monica Locatelli
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michael Rudnicki
- Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine IV-Nephrology and Hypertension, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Via Stezzano 87, 24126, Bergamo, Italy.
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Zhou D, Fu H, Zhang L, Zhang K, Min Y, Xiao L, Lin L, Bastacky SI, Liu Y. Tubule-Derived Wnts Are Required for Fibroblast Activation and Kidney Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2322-2336. [PMID: 28336721 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016080902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell communication via Wnt ligands is necessary in regulating embryonic development and has been implicated in CKD. Because Wnt ligands are ubiquitously expressed, the exact cellular source of the Wnts involved in CKD remains undefined. To address this issue, we generated two conditional knockout mouse lines in which Wntless (Wls), a dedicated cargo receptor that is obligatory for Wnt secretion, was selectively ablated in tubular epithelial cells or interstitial fibroblasts. Blockade of Wnt secretion by genetic deletion of Wls in renal tubules markedly inhibited myofibroblast activation and reduced renal fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction. This effect associated with decreased activation of β-catenin and downstream gene expression and preserved tubular epithelial integrity. In contrast, fibroblast-specific deletion of Wls exhibited little effect on the severity of renal fibrosis after obstructive or ischemia-reperfusion injury. In vitro, incubation of normal rat kidney fibroblasts with tubule-derived Wnts promoted fibroblast proliferation and activation. Furthermore, compared with kidney specimens from patients without CKD, biopsy specimens from patients with CKD also displayed increased expression of multiple Wnt proteins, predominantly in renal tubular epithelium. These results illustrate that tubule-derived Wnts have an essential role in promoting fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis via epithelial-mesenchymal communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Lu Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yali Min
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Liangxiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sheldon I Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Youhua Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; .,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
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48
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Li Z, Zhou L, Wang Y, Miao J, Hong X, Hou FF, Liu Y. (Pro)renin Receptor Is an Amplifier of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:2393-2408. [PMID: 28270411 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016070811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) is a transmembrane protein with multiple functions. However, its regulation and role in the pathogenesis of CKD remain poorly defined. Here, we report that PRR is a downstream target and an essential component of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In mouse models, induction of CKD by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), adriamycin, or angiotensin II infusion upregulated PRR expression in kidney tubular epithelium. Immunohistochemical staining of kidney biopsy specimens also revealed induction of renal PRR in human CKD. Overexpression of either Wnt1 or β-catenin induced PRR mRNA and protein expression in vitro Notably, forced expression of PRR potentiated Wnt1-mediated β-catenin activation and augmented the expression of downstream targets such as fibronectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Conversely, knockdown of PRR by siRNA abolished β-catenin activation. PRR potentiation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling did not require renin, but required vacuolar H+ ATPase activity. In the mouse model of IRI, transfection with PRR or Wnt1 expression vectors promoted β-catenin activation, aggravated kidney dysfunction, and worsened renal inflammation and fibrotic lesions. Coexpression of PRR and Wnt1 had a synergistic effect. In contrast, knockdown of PRR expression ameliorated kidney injury and fibrosis after IRI. These results indicate that PRR is both a downstream target and a crucial element in Wnt signal transmission. We conclude that PRR can promote kidney injury and fibrosis by amplifying Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Yongping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Jinhua Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and .,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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49
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Liu B, Tang Y, Yi M, Liu Q, Xiong H, Hu G, Yuan X. Genetic variants in the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene are associated with an increased risk of radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients. Cancer Med 2017; 6:681-688. [PMID: 28211612 PMCID: PMC5345627 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) plays a crucial role in the process of lung injury, although its association with radiation pneumonitis (RP) is unclear. We hypothesized that genetic variants in PAI‐1 may influence the risk of RP. In this study, 169 lung cancer patients were genotyped for six single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in PAI‐1 using the Sequenom MassARRAY system. The risk of RP was evaluated by Cox proportional hazards analyses. The cumulative RP probabilities by genotype were assessed using Kaplan–Meier analyses. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that PAI‐1:rs7242 GT/GG was correlated with an increased occurrence of grade ≥3 RP (crude hazard ratio = 3.331; 95% confidence interval, 1.168–9.497; P = 0.024). Our results indicated that PAI‐1:rs7242 in the 3′‐untranslated region of PAI‐1 can be a predictor of grade ≥3 RP before radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Minxiao Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qingxu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huihua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guangyuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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50
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Ke B, Fan C, Yang L, Fang X. Matrix Metalloproteinases-7 and Kidney Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:21. [PMID: 28239354 PMCID: PMC5301013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is a secreted zinc- and calcium-dependent endopeptidase that degrades a broad range of extracellular matrix substrates and additional substrates. MMP-7 playsa crucial role in a diverse array of cellular processes and appears to be a key regulator of fibrosis in several diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis, liver fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis. In particular, the relationship between MMP-7 and kidney fibrosis has attracted significant attention in recent years. Growing evidence indicates that MMP-7 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the understanding of the role of MMP-7 in kidney fibrosis. In particular, we discuss how MMP-7 contributes to kidney fibrotic lesions via the following three pathways: epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Further dissection of the crosstalk among and regulation of these pathways will help clinicians and researchers develop effective therapeutic approaches for treating chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ke
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang Nanchang, China
| | - Chuqiao Fan
- Nanchang University School of Medicine Nanchang, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanchang University Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital Nanchang, China
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