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Daga P, Thurakkal B, Rawal S, Das T. Matrix stiffening promotes perinuclear clustering of mitochondria. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar91. [PMID: 38758658 PMCID: PMC11244172 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-04-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues from the tissue microenvironment, such as the stiffness of the extracellular matrix, modulate cellular forms and functions. As numerous studies have shown, this modulation depends on the stiffness-dependent remodeling of cytoskeletal elements. In contrast, very little is known about how the intracellular organelles such as mitochondria respond to matrix stiffness and whether their form, function, and localization change accordingly. Here, we performed an extensive quantitative characterization of mitochondrial morphology, subcellular localization, dynamics, and membrane tension on soft and stiff matrices. This characterization revealed that while matrix stiffness affected all these aspects, matrix stiffening most distinctively led to an increased perinuclear clustering of mitochondria. Subsequently, we could identify the matrix stiffness-sensitive perinuclear localization of filamin as the key factor dictating this perinuclear clustering. The perinuclear and peripheral mitochondrial populations differed in their motility on soft matrix but surprisingly they did not show any difference on stiff matrix. Finally, perinuclear mitochondrial clustering appeared to be crucial for the nuclear localization of RUNX2 and hence for priming human mesenchymal stem cells towards osteogenesis on a stiff matrix. Taken together, we elucidate a dependence of mitochondrial localization on matrix stiffness, which possibly enables a cell to adapt to its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Daga
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad (TIFRH), Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Basil Thurakkal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad (TIFRH), Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Simran Rawal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad (TIFRH), Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Tamal Das
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad (TIFRH), Hyderabad 500 046, India
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2
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Lualdi M, Casale F, Rizzone MG, Zibetti M, Monti C, Colugnat I, Calvo A, De Marco G, Moglia C, Fuda G, Comi C, Chiò A, Lopiano L, Fasano M, Alberio T. Shared and Unique Disease Pathways in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease Unveiled in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4240-4251. [PMID: 37939393 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence supports an association between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Indeed, prospective population-based studies demonstrated that about one-third of ALS patients develop parkinsonian (PK) signs, even though different neuronal circuitries are involved. In this context, proteomics represents a valuable tool to identify unique and shared pathological pathways. Here, we used two-dimensional electrophoresis to obtain the proteomic profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PD and ALS patients including a small cohort of ALS patients with parkinsonian signs (ALS-PK). After the removal of protein spots correlating with confounding factors, we applied a sparse partial least square discriminant analysis followed by recursive feature elimination to obtain two protein classifiers able to discriminate (i) PD and ALS patients (30 spots) and (ii) ALS-PK patients among all ALS subjects (20 spots). Functionally, the glycolysis pathway was significantly overrepresented in the first signature, while extracellular interactions and intracellular signaling were enriched in the second signature. These results represent molecular evidence at the periphery for the classification of ALS-PK as ALS patients that manifest parkinsonian signs, rather than comorbid patients suffering from both ALS and PD. Moreover, we confirmed that low levels of fibrinogen in PBMCs is a characteristic feature of PD, also when compared with another movement disorder. Collectively, we provide evidence that peripheral protein signatures are a tool to differentially investigate neurodegenerative diseases and highlight altered biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lualdi
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
| | - Federico Casale
- Neurology 1, ALS Expert Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Giorgio Rizzone
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zibetti
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Monti
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Colugnat
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- Neurology 1, ALS Expert Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Marco
- Neurology 1, ALS Expert Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- Neurology 1, ALS Expert Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fuda
- Neurology 1, ALS Expert Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Comi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, and Sant'Andrea Hospital, I-13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- Neurology 1, ALS Expert Center, "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lopiano
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, and AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Fasano
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
| | - Tiziana Alberio
- Department of Science and High Technology and Center for Research in Neuroscience, University of Insubria, I-21052 Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
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Fan W, Meng Y, Zhang J, Li M, Zhang Y, Qu X, Xiu X. To investigate the mechanism of Yiwei Decoction in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency-related osteoporosis using transcriptomics, network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19016. [PMID: 37923747 PMCID: PMC10624676 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism of Yiwei Decoction (YWD) in preventing Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI)-related osteoporosis from the hypothalamic perspective , and to screen for the key active and acting molecules in YWD. Cyclophosphamide was used to create the POI rat model. Groups A, B, and C were established. The Model + YWD group was group A, the model control group was group B, and the normal control group was group C. ELISA was used to determine serum GnRH and FSH levels after gavage. The transcription levels of mRNAs in each group's hypothalamus tissues were examined using RNA-seq sequencing technology. The GSEA method was used to enrich pathways based on the gene expression levels of each group. The TCM-active ingredient-target-disease network map was created using differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and network pharmacology. The molecular docking method was employed to investigate the affinity of the active ingredient with key targets. GnRH and FSH levels in POI rats' serum were reduced by YWD. Between groups A and B, there were 638 DEmRNAs (P < 0.05) and 55 high-significance DEmRNAs (P-adjust < 0.01). The MAPK, Hedgehog, Calcium, and B cell receptor pathways are primarily enriched in DEmRNAs from Group A and Group B. The GSEA pathway enrichment analysis indicates that YWD may regulate Long-term potentiation, Amphetamine addiction, and the Renin-angiotensin system and play a role in preventing osteoporosis. The Chinese herbal medicine (CHM)-Active ingredient-Target-disease network map includes 137 targets, 4 CHMs, and 22 active ingredients. The result of docking indicated that Stigmasterol, interacts well with the core proteins ALB, VCL and KAT5. Following the screening, we identified the targets, active components, and key pathways associated with YWD osteoporosis prevention. Most of these key targets and pathways are associated with osteoporosis, but further experimental validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisen Fan
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Yan Meng
- School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Muzhen Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China.
| | - Xintian Qu
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Xin Xiu
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, China
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Medina-Medina R, Iglesias-Flores E, Benítez JM, Marín-Pedrosa S, Salgueiro-Rodríguez I, Linares CI, González-Rubio S, Soto-Escribano P, Gros B, Rodríguez-Perálvarez ML, Cabriada JL, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP, Chicano-Gálvez E, Ortea I, Ferrín G, García-Sánchez V, Aguilar-Melero P. Development of a Prediction Model for Short-Term Remission of Patients with Crohn's Disease Treated with Anti-TNF Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108695. [PMID: 37240037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has dramatically changed the natural history of Crohn's disease (CD). However, these drugs are not without adverse events, and up to 40% of patients could lose efficacy in the long term. We aimed to identify reliable markers of response to anti-TNF drugs in patients with CD. A consecutive cohort of 113 anti-TNF naive patients with CD was stratified according to clinical response as short-term remission (STR) or non-STR (NSTR) at 12 weeks of treatment. We compared the protein expression profiles of plasma samples in a subset of patients from both groups prior to anti-TNF therapy by SWATH proteomics. We identified 18 differentially expressed proteins (p ≤ 0.01, fold change ≥ 2.4) involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell junction, hemostasis/platelet function, carbohydrate metabolism, and immune response as candidate biomarkers of STR. Among them, vinculin was one of the most deregulated proteins (p < 0.001), whose differential expression was confirmed by ELISA (p = 0.054). In the multivariate analysis, plasma vinculin levels along with basal CD Activity Index, corticosteroids induction, and bowel resection were factors predicting NSTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Medina-Medina
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eva Iglesias-Flores
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose M Benítez
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sandra Marín-Pedrosa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Isabel Salgueiro-Rodríguez
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Clara I Linares
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sandra González-Rubio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Soto-Escribano
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gros
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel L Rodríguez-Perálvarez
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Cabriada
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de Galdakao, 48960 Galdakao, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Chicano-Gálvez
- Proteomics Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ortea
- Proteomics Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gustavo Ferrín
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Valle García-Sánchez
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Aguilar-Melero
- Gastroenterology Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Cao B, Zhao Y, Luo Q, Chen Y, Xu T, Sun Y. Vinculin B inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting MyD88 in miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108683. [PMID: 36931481 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is the canonical adaptor for inflammatory signaling pathways downstream from members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor families, which activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and regulates immune and inflammatory responses. In this study, we found that Vinculin B (Vclb) is an inhibitor in the NF-κB signaling pathway, and its inhibitory effect was enhanced by LPS induction. Furthermore, Vclb inhibits NF-κB activation by targeting MyD88, thereby suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, Vclb inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting MyD88 ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In summary, our study reveals that Vclb inhibits NF-κB signaling activation and mediates innate immunity in teleosts via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway of MyD88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolan Cao
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yuena Sun
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, China.
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6
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Menaceur C, Hachani J, Dib S, Duban-Deweer S, Karamanos Y, Shimizu F, Kanda T, Gosselet F, Fenart L, Saint-Pol J. Highlighting In Vitro the Role of Brain-like Endothelial Cells on the Maturation and Metabolism of Brain Pericytes by SWATH Proteomics. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071010. [PMID: 37048083 PMCID: PMC10093307 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the neurovascular unit, brain pericytes (BPs) are of major importance for the induction and maintenance of the properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) carried by the brain microvessel endothelial cells (ECs). Throughout barriergenesis, ECs take advantage of soluble elements or contact with BPs to maintain BBB integrity and the regulation of their cellular homeostasis. However, very few studies have focused on the role of ECs in the maturation of BPs. The aim of this study is to shed light on the proteome of BPs solocultured (hBP-solo) or cocultured with ECs (hBP-coc) to model the human BBB in a non-contact manner. We first generated protein libraries for each condition and identified 2233 proteins in hBP-solo versus 2492 in hBP-coc and 2035 common proteins. We performed a quantification of the enriched proteins in each condition by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH) analysis. We found 51 proteins enriched in hBP-solo related to cell proliferation, contractility, adhesion and extracellular matrix element production, a protein pattern related to an immature cell. In contrast, 90 proteins are enriched in hBP-coc associated with a reduction in contractile activities as observed in vivo in ‘mature’ BPs, and a significant gain in different metabolic functions, particularly related to mitochondrial activities and sterol metabolism. This study highlights that BPs take advantage of ECs during barriergenesis to make a metabolic switch in favor of BBB homeostasis in vitro.
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Brás MM, Cruz TB, Maia AF, Oliveira MJ, Sousa SR, Granja PL, Radmacher M. Mechanical Properties of Colorectal Cancer Cells Determined by Dynamic Atomic Force Microscopy: A Novel Biomarker. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205053. [PMID: 36291838 PMCID: PMC9600571 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is presently the third-most abundant and the second-most lethal cancer worldwide. Thus, there is a real and urgent need to investigate the processes behind the appearance, development, and proliferation of CRC cells. Several biochemical pathways have been investigated to understand their role in oncogene activation and tumor-suppressor gene inhibition. Despite the research increase in biochemistry, there is still a need to better understand the biophysical cues that drive the activation of signaling pathways relevant to mechanotransduction and cell transformation. The elucidation of these biological processes may help to hinder oncogenic mechanisms and to find biomarkers that could be used to design more personalized therapeutic strategies. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been addressed in the framework of molecular, cellular biology, and biochemical traits. A new approach to studying CRC is focused on the relationship between biochemical pathways and biophysical cues, which may contribute to disease understanding and therapy development. Herein, we investigated the mechanical properties of CRC cells, namely, HCT116, HCT15, and SW620, using static and dynamic methodologies by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The static method quantifies Young’s modulus; the dynamic method allows the determination of elasticity, viscosity, and fluidity. AFM results were correlated with confocal laser scanning microscopy and cell migration assay data. The SW620 metastatic cells presented the highest Young’s and storage moduli, with a defined cortical actin ring with distributed F-actin filaments, scarce vinculin expression, abundant total focal adhesions (FAK), and no filopodia formation, which could explain the lessened migratory behavior. In contrast, HCT15 cells presented lower Young’s and storage moduli, high cortical tubulin, less cortical F-actin and less FAK, and more filopodia formation, probably explaining the higher migratory behavior. HCT116 cells presented Young’s and storage moduli values in between the other cell lines, high cortical F-actin expression, intermediate levels of total FAK, and abundant filopodia formation, possibly explaining the highest migratory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Manuela Brás
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia B. Cruz
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - André F. Maia
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana R. Sousa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Granja
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manfred Radmacher
- Institute of Biophysics, University of Bremen, 28334 Bremen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Bennett APS, de la Torre-Escudero E, Dermott SSE, Threadgold LT, Hanna REB, Robinson MW. Fasciola hepatica Gastrodermal Cells Selectively Release Extracellular Vesicles via a Novel Atypical Secretory Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105525. [PMID: 35628335 PMCID: PMC9143473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, is an obligate blood-feeder, and the gastrodermal cells of the parasite form the interface with the host’s blood. Despite their importance in the host–parasite interaction, in-depth proteomic analysis of the gastrodermal cells is lacking. Here, we used laser microdissection of F. hepatica tissue sections to generate unique and biologically exclusive tissue fractions of the gastrodermal cells and tegument for analysis by mass spectrometry. A total of 226 gastrodermal cell proteins were identified, with proteases that degrade haemoglobin being the most abundant. Other detected proteins included those such as proton pumps and anticoagulants which maintain a microenvironment that facilitates digestion. By comparing the gastrodermal cell proteome and the 102 proteins identified in the laser microdissected tegument with previously published tegument proteomic datasets, we showed that one-quarter of proteins (removed by freeze–thaw extraction) or one-third of proteins (removed by detergent extraction) previously identified as tegumental were instead derived from the gastrodermal cells. Comparative analysis of the laser microdissected gastrodermal cells, tegument, and F. hepatica secretome revealed that the gastrodermal cells are the principal source of secreted proteins, as well as showed that both the gastrodermal cells and the tegument are likely to release subpopulations of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Microscopical examination of the gut caeca from flukes fixed immediately after their removal from the host bile ducts showed that selected gastrodermal cells underwent a progressive thinning of the apical plasma membrane which ruptured to release secretory vesicles en masse into the gut lumen. Our findings suggest that gut-derived EVs are released via a novel atypical secretory route and highlight the importance of the gastrodermal cells in nutrient acquisition and possible immunomodulation by the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P. S. Bennett
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (A.P.S.B.); (E.d.l.T.-E.)
| | - Eduardo de la Torre-Escudero
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (A.P.S.B.); (E.d.l.T.-E.)
| | - Susan S. E. Dermott
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (A.P.S.B.); (E.d.l.T.-E.)
| | - Lawrence T. Threadgold
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (A.P.S.B.); (E.d.l.T.-E.)
| | - Robert E. B. Hanna
- Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK;
| | - Mark W. Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (A.P.S.B.); (E.d.l.T.-E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)28-9097-2120
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9
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Liu XZ, Jin Y, Chen S, Xu K, Xie L, Qiu Y, Wang XH, Sun Y, Kong WJ. F-Actin Dysplasia Involved in Organ of Corti Deformity in Gjb2 Knockdown Mouse Model. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:808553. [PMID: 35345836 PMCID: PMC8957075 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.808553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GJB2 gene encoding connexin26 (Cx26) protein are one of the most common causes of hereditary deafness. Previous studies have found that different Cx26-null mouse models have severe hearing loss and deformity of the organ of Corti (OC) as well as a reduction in microtubules in pillar cells (PCs). To explore the underlying mechanism of OC deformity caused by Cx26 downregulation further, we established Cx26 knockdown (KD) mouse models at postnatal days (P)0 and P8. The actin filaments contained in the pillar cells of mice in the P0 KD group were reduced by 54.85% and vinculin was increased by 22%, while the outer hair cells (OHCs) showed normal F-actin content. In the P8 KD group, PCs and OHCs of mice also showed almost normal F-actin content. The G-actin/F-actin ratio increased by 38% in the P0 KD group. No significant change was found in the mRNA or protein expression level of G-actin or the cadherin–catenin core complex in the P0 KD group at P6. Moreover, immunofluorescence showed that the intensity of LRRK2 was reduced by 97% in the P0 KD group at P6. Our results indicate that Cx26 is involved in the maturation of the cytoskeleton during the development of the OC at the early postnatal stage. The polymerization of G-actin into F-actin is prevented in Cx26 KD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-zhou Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Le Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-hui Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Sun Wei-jia Kong
| | - Wei-jia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Sun Wei-jia Kong
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10
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Vinje JB, Guadagno NA, Progida C, Sikorski P. Analysis of Actin and Focal Adhesion Organisation in U2OS Cells on Polymer Nanostructures. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:143. [PMID: 34524556 PMCID: PMC8443752 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this work, we explore how U2OS cells are affected by arrays of polymer nanopillars fabricated on flat glass surfaces. We focus on describing changes to the organisation of the actin cytoskeleton and in the location, number and shape of focal adhesions. From our findings we identify that the cells can be categorised into different regimes based on their spreading and adhesion behaviour on nanopillars. A quantitative analysis suggests that cells seeded on dense nanopillar arrays are suspended on top of the pillars with focal adhesions forming closer to the cell periphery compared to flat surfaces or sparse pillar arrays. This change is analogous to similar responses for cells seeded on soft substrates. RESULTS In this work, we explore how U2OS cells are affected by arrays of polymer nanopillars fabricated on flat glass surfaces. We focus on describing changes to the organisation of the actin cytoskeleton and in the location, number and shape of focal adhesions. From our findings we identify that the cells can be categorised into different regimes based on their spreading and adhesion behaviour on nanopillars. A quantitative analysis suggests that cells seeded on dense nanopillar arrays are suspended on top of the pillars with focal adhesions forming closer to the cell periphery compared to flat surfaces or sparse pillar arrays. This change is analogous to similar responses for cells seeded on soft substrates. CONCLUSION Overall, we show that the combination of high throughput nanofabrication, advanced optical microscopy, molecular biology tools to visualise cellular processes and data analysis can be used to investigate how cells interact with nanostructured surfaces and will in the future help to create culture substrates that induce particular cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob B Vinje
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Electronic Systems, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | - Cinzia Progida
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo, Norway
| | - Pawel Sikorski
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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11
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Chen Y, Hou W, Zhong M, Wu B. Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Colon Cancer Tissue Revealed the Reason for the Worse Prognosis of Right-Sided Colon Cancer and Mucinous Colon Cancer at the Protein Level. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:3554-3572. [PMID: 34590603 PMCID: PMC8482240 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28050305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the poor prognosis of right-sided and mucinous colon cancer at the proteomic level. A tandem mass tag-proteomics approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in colon carcinoma tissues from different locations and with different histological types to reveal the underlying mechanisms of these differences at the protein level. In additional, the DEPs were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. The proteomics profiles among colon cancers with different tumor locations and histological types were dramatically distinguished. In terms of tumor locations, the right-sided carcinoma specific DEPs may promote the tumor progression via activating inflammation, metastasis associated pathways. When referring to histological types, the mucinous colon cancers perhaps increased the invasion and metastasis through distinct mechanisms in different tumor locations. For mucinous cancer located in right-sided colon, the mucinous specific DEPs were mainly associated with ECM-related remodeling and the IL-17 signal pathway. For mucinous cancer located in left-sided colon, the mucinous specific DEPs showed a strong relationship with ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/MasR axis. The proteomics profiles of colon cancers showed distinct differences related to locations and histological types. These results suggested a distinct mechanism underlying the diverse subtypes of colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China;
| | - Wenyun Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (W.H.); (M.Z.)
| | - Miner Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (W.H.); (M.Z.)
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (W.H.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-69156470
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12
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Dias C, Nita E, Faktor J, Tynan AC, Hernychova L, Vojtesek B, Nylandsted J, Hupp TR, Kunath T, Ball KL. CHIP-dependent regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is linked to neuronal cell membrane integrity. iScience 2021; 24:102878. [PMID: 34401662 PMCID: PMC8350547 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CHIP is an E3-ubiquitin ligase that contributes to healthy aging and has been characterized as neuroprotective. To elucidate dominant CHIP-dependent changes in protein steady-state levels in a patient-derived human neuronal model, CHIP function was ablated using gene-editing and an unbiased proteomic analysis conducted to compare knock-out and wild-type isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons. Rather than a broad effect on protein homeostasis, loss of CHIP function impacted on a focused cohort of proteins from actin cytoskeleton signaling and membrane integrity networks. In support of the proteomics, CHIP knockout cells had enhanced sensitivity to induced membrane damage. We conclude that the major readout of CHIP function in cortical neurons derived from iPSC of a patient with elevate α-synuclein, Parkinson's disease and dementia, is the modulation of substrates involved in maintaining cellular "health". Thus, regulation of the actin cytoskeletal and membrane integrity likely contributes to the neuroprotective function(s) of CHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Dias
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Erisa Nita
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jakub Faktor
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ailish C. Tynan
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lenka Hernychova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Membrane Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- University of Gdansk, International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Kathryn L. Ball
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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13
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Mandal P, Belapurkar V, Nair D, Ramanan N. Vinculin-mediated axon growth requires interaction with actin but not talin in mouse neocortical neurons. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5807-5826. [PMID: 34148098 PMCID: PMC11071915 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The actin-binding protein vinculin is a major constituent of focal adhesion, but its role in neuronal development is poorly understood. We found that vinculin deletion in mouse neocortical neurons attenuated axon growth both in vitro and in vivo. Using functional mutants, we found that expression of a constitutively active vinculin significantly enhanced axon growth while the head-neck domain had an inhibitory effect. Interestingly, we found that vinculin-talin interaction was dispensable for axon growth and neuronal migration. Strikingly, expression of the tail domain delayed migration, increased branching, and stunted axon. Inhibition of the Arp2/3 complex or abolishing the tail domain interaction with actin completely reversed the branching phenotype caused by tail domain expression without affecting axon length. Super-resolution microscopy showed increased mobility of actin in tail domain expressing neurons. Our results provide novel insights into the role of vinculin and its functional domains in regulating neuronal migration and axon growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Mandal
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Vivek Belapurkar
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Nair
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Narendrakumar Ramanan
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India.
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14
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Choudhary I, Hwang D, Chae J, Yoon W, Kang C, Kim E. Proteomic Changes during the Dermal Toxicity Induced by Nemopilema nomurai Jellyfish Venom in HaCaT Human Keratinocyte. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050311. [PMID: 33925349 PMCID: PMC8146130 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Jellyfish venom is well known for its local skin toxicities and various lethal accidents. The main symptoms of local jellyfish envenomation include skin lesions, burning, prickling, stinging pain, red, brown, or purplish tracks on the skin, itching, and swelling, leading to dermonecrosis and scar formation. However, the molecular mechanism behind the action of jellyfish venom on human skin cells is rarely understood. In the present study, we have treated the human HaCaT keratinocyte with Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish venom (NnV) to study detailed mechanisms of actions behind the skin symptoms after jellyfish envenomation. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS), cellular changes at proteome level were examined. The treatment of NnV resulted in the decrease of HaCaT cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Using NnV (at IC50), the proteome level alterations were determined at 12 h and 24 h after the venom treatment. Briefly, 70 protein spots with significant quantitative changes were picked from the gels for MALDI-TOF/MS. In total, 44 differentially abundant proteins were successfully identified, among which 19 proteins were increased, whereas 25 proteins were decreased in the abundance levels comparing with their respective control spots. DAPs involved in cell survival and development (e.g., Plasminogen, Vinculin, EMILIN-1, Basonuclin2, Focal adhesion kinase 1, FAM83B, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1-alpha) decreased their expression, whereas stress or immune response-related proteins (e.g., Toll-like receptor 4, Aminopeptidase N, MKL/Myocardin-like protein 1, hypoxia up-regulated protein 1, Heat shock protein 105 kDa, Ephrin type-A receptor 1, with some protease (or peptidase) enzymes) were up-regulated. In conclusion, the present findings may exhibit some possible key players during skin damage and suggest therapeutic strategies for preventing jellyfish envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Choudhary
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (I.C.); (D.H.); (C.K.)
| | - Duhyeon Hwang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (I.C.); (D.H.); (C.K.)
- Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Jinho Chae
- Marine Environmental Research and Information Laboratory, B1101, 17 Gosan-ro 148beon-gil, Gunpo-si 15850, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (J.C.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wonduk Yoon
- Marine Environmental Research and Information Laboratory, B1101, 17 Gosan-ro 148beon-gil, Gunpo-si 15850, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (J.C.); (W.Y.)
| | - Changkeun Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (I.C.); (D.H.); (C.K.)
- Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Euikyung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (I.C.); (D.H.); (C.K.)
- Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-2355; Fax: +82-55-772-2349
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15
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Boujemaa-Paterski R, Martins B, Eibauer M, Beales CT, Geiger B, Medalia O. Talin-activated vinculin interacts with branched actin networks to initiate bundles. eLife 2020; 9:e53990. [PMID: 33185186 PMCID: PMC7682986 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinculin plays a fundamental role in integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Activated by talin, it interacts with diverse adhesome components, enabling mechanical coupling between the actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Here we studied the interactions of activated full-length vinculin with actin and the way it regulates the organization and dynamics of the Arp2/3 complex-mediated branched actin network. Through a combination of surface patterning and light microscopy experiments we show that vinculin can bundle dendritic actin networks through rapid binding and filament crosslinking. We show that vinculin promotes stable but flexible actin bundles having a mixed-polarity organization, as confirmed by cryo-electron tomography. Adhesion-like synthetic design of vinculin activation by surface-bound talin revealed that clustered vinculin can initiate and immobilize bundles from mobile Arp2/3-branched networks. Our results provide a molecular basis for coordinate actin bundle formation at nascent adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaa Boujemaa-Paterski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Université Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Bruno Martins
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Matthias Eibauer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Charlie T Beales
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Ohad Medalia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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Cytoskeleton regulators CAPZA2 and INF2 associate with CFTR to control its plasma membrane levels under EPAC1 activation. Biochem J 2020; 477:2561-2580. [PMID: 32573649 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomic recessive disorder among Caucasians, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein, a cAMP-regulated chloride channel expressed at the apical surface of epithelial cells. Cyclic AMP regulates both CFTR channel gating through a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent process and plasma membane (PM) stability through activation of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1 (EPAC1). This cAMP effector, when activated promotes the NHERF1:CFTR interaction leading to an increase in CFTR at the PM by decreasing its endocytosis. Here, we used protein interaction profiling and bioinformatic analysis to identify proteins that interact with CFTR under EPAC1 activation as possible regulators of this CFTR PM anchoring. We identified an enrichment in cytoskeleton related proteins among which we characterized CAPZA2 and INF2 as regulators of CFTR trafficking to the PM. We found that CAPZA2 promotes wt-CFTR trafficking under EPAC1 activation at the PM whereas reduction of INF2 levels leads to a similar trafficking promotion effect. These results suggest that CAPZA2 is a positive regulator and INF2 a negative one for the increase of CFTR at the PM after an increase of cAMP and concomitant EPAC1 activation. Identifying the specific interactions involving CFTR and elicited by EPAC1 activation provides novel insights into late CFTR trafficking, insertion and/or stabilization at the PM and highlighs new potential therapeutic targets to tackle CF disease.
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17
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Actin polymerization downstream of integrins: signaling pathways and mechanotransduction. Biochem J 2020; 477:1-21. [PMID: 31913455 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A cell constantly adapts to its environment. Cell decisions to survive, to proliferate or to migrate are dictated not only by soluble growth factors, but also through the direct interaction of the cell with the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins and their connections to the actin cytoskeleton are crucial for monitoring cell attachment and the physical properties of the substratum. Cell adhesion dynamics are modulated in complex ways by the polymerization of branched and linear actin arrays, which in turn reinforce ECM-cytoskeleton connection. This review describes the major actin regulators, Ena/VASP proteins, formins and Arp2/3 complexes, in the context of signaling pathways downstream of integrins. We focus on the specific signaling pathways that transduce the rigidity of the substrate and which control durotaxis, i.e. directed migration of cells towards increased ECM rigidity. By doing so, we highlight several recent findings on mechanotransduction and put them into a broad integrative perspective that is the result of decades of intense research on the actin cytoskeleton and its regulation.
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18
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Zhao J, Zhai X, Ma Y, Zhang T, Wang Z, Chong T. Anatomic characteristics of epididymis based on histology, proteomic, and 3D reconstruction. Andrology 2020; 8:1787-1794. [PMID: 32558146 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epididymis is a popular research topic in urology and reproduction. OBJECTIVES To explore and identify the anatomical characteristics of the epididymis based on histology, proteomics, and 3D reconstruction of epididymal tubules. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 3D reconstruction of epididymal tubules was generated based on 7-μm-thick transverse serial sections of an epididymis. The proteins in the subcompartments of the epididymis were obtained and analyzed by non-labeled sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH MS). Protein function, signaling pathways, protein expression, and the histology in different subcompartments were analyzed. RESULTS The caput (Cap), corpus (Cor), and cauda (Cau) of the epididymis were divided into 6, 10, and 4 subcompartments, respectively, and the subcompartment between the Cap and Cor is mixed together. A total of 3411 proteins were identified, and 854 proteins were accurately quantified after screening. When the subcompartment Cap 5 transitioned to Cap 6 and Cap 6 to Cap 7, 87 and 52 proteins were upregulated and 14 and 7 proteins were downregulated, respectively. The Cor 9 transition to Cau 1 was marked by 230 proteins that were downregulated, while 74 proteins were upregulated. At the junction of the cauda and the vas deferens, 57 proteins were downregulated, and 410 proteins were upregulated. Cap 6 histology was consistent with that of Cor 1. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The epididymis contains distinct connective tissue septa that can be identified under a surgical tabletop microscope, enabling it to be divided into 20 subcompartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhai
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongdian Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tie Chong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Thejer BM, Adhikary PP, Kaur A, Teakel SL, Van Oosterum A, Seth I, Pajic M, Hannan KM, Pavy M, Poh P, Jazayeri JA, Zaw T, Pascovici D, Ludescher M, Pawlak M, Cassano JC, Turnbull L, Jazayeri M, James AC, Coorey CP, Roberts TL, Kinder SJ, Hannan RD, Patrick E, Molloy MP, New EJ, Fehm TN, Neubauer H, Goldys EM, Weston LA, Cahill MA. PGRMC1 phosphorylation affects cell shape, motility, glycolysis, mitochondrial form and function, and tumor growth. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:24. [PMID: 32245408 PMCID: PMC7119165 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in many cancer cells, where it is associated with detrimental patient outcomes. It contains phosphorylated tyrosines which evolutionarily preceded deuterostome gastrulation and tissue differentiation mechanisms. RESULTS We demonstrate that manipulating PGRMC1 phosphorylation status in MIA PaCa-2 (MP) cells imposes broad pleiotropic effects. Relative to parental cells over-expressing hemagglutinin-tagged wild-type (WT) PGRMC1-HA, cells expressing a PGRMC1-HA-S57A/S181A double mutant (DM) exhibited reduced levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, and altered glucose metabolism suggesting modulation of the Warburg effect. This was associated with increased PI3K/AKT activity, altered cell shape, actin cytoskeleton, motility, and mitochondrial properties. An S57A/Y180F/S181A triple mutant (TM) indicated the involvement of Y180 in PI3K/AKT activation. Mutation of Y180F strongly attenuated subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in NOD-SCID gamma mice. Elsewhere we demonstrate altered metabolism, mutation incidence, and epigenetic status in these cells. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results indicate that mutational manipulation of PGRMC1 phosphorylation status exerts broad pleiotropic effects relevant to cancer and other cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar M Thejer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Wasit, Wasit, 00964, Iraq
| | - Partho P Adhikary
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
- Present address: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Present address: School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah L Teakel
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Van Oosterum
- Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Ishith Seth
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, 2010, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Megan Pavy
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Perlita Poh
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Jalal A Jazayeri
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Thiri Zaw
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Dana Pascovici
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Marina Ludescher
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Hospital of Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlak
- NMI TT Pharmaservices, Protein Profiling, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Juan C Cassano
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lynne Turnbull
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Present address: GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Issaquah, WA, 98027, USA
| | - Mitra Jazayeri
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Alexander C James
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
| | - Craig P Coorey
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine and University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Tara L Roberts
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine and University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Ross D Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Ellis Patrick
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Present address: The Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, St Leonards (Sydney), NSW, 2064, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tanja N Fehm
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Hospital of Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Neubauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Women's Hospital of Dusseldorf, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Ewa M Goldys
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Present address: The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Leslie A Weston
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Michael A Cahill
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia.
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
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20
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The C-terminal domain of EFA6A interacts directly with F-actin and assembles F-actin bundles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19209. [PMID: 31844082 PMCID: PMC6915736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55630-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arf6-specific exchange factor EFA6 is involved in the endocytic/recycling pathway for different cargos. In addition EFA6 acts as a powerful actin cytoskeleton organizer, a function required for its role in the establishment of the epithelial cell polarity and in neuronal morphogenesis. We previously showed that the C-terminus of EFA6 (EFA6-Ct) is the main domain which contributes to actin reorganization. Here, by in vitro and in vivo experiments, we sought to decipher, at the molecular level, how EFA6 controls the dynamic and structuring of actin filaments. We showed that EFA6-Ct interferes with actin polymerization by interacting with and capping actin filament barbed ends. Further, in the presence of actin mono-filaments, the addition of EFA6-Ct triggered the formation of actin bundles. In cells, when the EFA6-Ct was directed to the plasma membrane, as is the case for the full-length protein, its expression induced the formation of membrane protrusions enriched in actin cables. Collectively our data explain, at least in part, how EFA6 plays an essential role in actin organization by interacting with and bundling F-actin.
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21
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González-Velasco Ó, De Las Rivas J, Lacal J. Proteomic and Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Early Developmentally Regulated Proteins in Dictyostelium Discoideum. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101187. [PMID: 31581556 PMCID: PMC6830349 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP acts as a secondary messenger involving different cellular functions in eukaryotes. Here, proteomic and transcriptomic profiling has been combined to identify novel early developmentally regulated proteins in eukaryote cells. These proteomic and transcriptomic experiments were performed in Dictyostelium discoideum given the unique advantages that this organism offers as a eukaryotic model for cell motility and as a nonmammalian model of human disease. By comparing whole-cell proteome analysis of developed (cAMP-pulsed) wild-type AX2 cells and an independent transcriptomic analysis of developed wild-type AX4 cells, our results show that up to 70% of the identified proteins overlap in the two independent studies. Among them, we have found 26 proteins previously related to cAMP signaling and identified 110 novel proteins involved in calcium signaling, adhesion, actin cytoskeleton, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, metabolism, and proteins that previously lacked any annotation. Our study validates previous findings, mostly for the canonical cAMP-pathway, and also generates further insight into the complexity of the transcriptomic changes during early development. This article also compares proteomic data between parental and cells lacking glkA, a GSK-3 kinase implicated in substrate adhesion and chemotaxis in Dictyostelium. This analysis reveals a set of proteins that show differences in expression in the two strains as well as overlapping protein level changes independent of GlkA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar González-Velasco
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Research Group. Cancer Research Center (CIC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Research Group. Cancer Research Center (CIC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Jesus Lacal
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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22
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Vidaud C, Robert M, Paredes E, Ortega R, Avazeri E, Jing L, Guigonis JM, Bresson C, Malard V. Deciphering the uranium target proteins in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2141-2154. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Ciobanasu C, Wang H, Henriot V, Mathieu C, Fente A, Csillag S, Vigouroux C, Faivre B, Le Clainche C. Integrin-bound talin head inhibits actin filament barbed-end elongation. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:2586-2596. [PMID: 29276177 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.808204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) mechanically couple the extracellular matrix to the dynamic actin cytoskeleton, via transmembrane integrins and actin-binding proteins. The molecular mechanisms by which protein machineries control force transmission along this molecular axis (i.e. modulating integrin activation and controlling actin polymerization) remain largely unknown. Talin is a major actin-binding protein that controls both the inside-out activation of integrins and actin filament anchoring and thus plays a major role in the establishment of the actin-extracellular matrix mechanical coupling. Talin contains three actin-binding domains (ABDs). The N-terminal head domain contains both the F3 integrin-activating domain and ABD1, whereas the C-terminal rod contains the actin-anchoring ABD2 and ABD3. Integrin binding is regulated by an intramolecular interaction between the N-terminal head and a C-terminal five-helix bundle (R9). Whether talin ABDs regulate actin polymerization in a constitutive or regulated manner has not been fully explored. Here, we combine kinetics assays using fluorescence spectroscopy and single actin filament observation in total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, to examine relevant functions of the three ABDs of talin. We find that the N-terminal ABD1 blocks actin filament barbed-end elongation, whereas ABD2 and ABD3 do not show any activity. By mutating residues in ABD1, we find that this activity is mediated by a positively charged surface that is partially masked by its intramolecular interaction with R9. Our results also demonstrate that, once this intramolecular interaction is released, the integrin-bound talin head retains the ability to inhibit actin assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Ciobanasu
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Hong Wang
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Véronique Henriot
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Cécile Mathieu
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Annabelle Fente
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Csillag
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Clémence Vigouroux
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Bruno Faivre
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Christophe Le Clainche
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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24
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Qu Z, Gao F, Li L, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Yu L, Zhou Y, Zheng H, Tong W, Li G, Tong G. Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Membrane Proteins of Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages Infected with Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Its Attenuated Strain. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 29052333 PMCID: PMC6084361 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significant differences exist between the highly pathogenic (HP) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and its attenuated pathogenic (AP) strain in the ability to infect host cells. The mechanisms by which different virulent strains invade host cells remain relatively unknown. In this study, pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) are infected with HP‐PRRSV (HuN4) and AP‐PRRSV (HuN4‐F112) for 24 h, then harvested and subjected to label‐free quantitative MS. A total of 2849 proteins are identified, including 95 that are differentially expressed. Among them, 26 proteins are located on the membrane. The most differentially expressed proteins are involved in response to stimulus, metabolic process, and immune system process, which mainly have the function of binding and catalytic activity. Cluster of differentiation CD163, vimentin (VIM), and nmII as well as detected proteins are assessed together by string analysis, which elucidated a potentially different infection mechanism. According to the function annotations, PRRSV with different virulence may mainly differ in immunology, inflammation, immune evasion as well as cell apoptosis. This is the first attempt to explore the differential characteristics between HP‐PRRSV and its attenuated PRRSV infected PAMs focusing on membrane proteins which will be of great help to further understand the different infective mechanisms of HP‐PRRSV and AP‐PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Qu
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liwei Li
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Jiang
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lingxue Yu
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Zhou
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wu Tong
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guangzhi Tong
- Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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25
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Ke M, Zhang Y, Deng Y. Alteration of SSAO interactome reveals weakened cell adhesion and motor function of adipocytes in T2D. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:845-847. [PMID: 28910971 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ke
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongqian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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26
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Heo SH, Kang E, Kim YM, Go H, Kim KY, Jung JY, Kang M, Kim GH, Kim JM, Choi IH, Choi JH, Jung SC, Desnick RJ, Yoo HW, Lee BH. Fabry disease: characterisation of the plasma proteome pre- and post-enzyme replacement therapy. J Med Genet 2017; 54:771-780. [PMID: 28835480 PMCID: PMC5740533 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Fabry disease is characterised by the progressive accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and related glycosphingolipids in vascular endothelial cells. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) clears this accumulation. We analysed plasma proteome profiles before and after ERT to characterise its molecular pathology. Methods Two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) were done using plasma samples before and after ERT in eight patients with classical Fabry disease Results After short-term ERT (4–12 months), the levels of 15 plasma proteins involved in inflammation, oxidative and ischaemic injury, or complement activation were reduced significantly. Among them, β-actin (ACTB), inactivated complement C3b (iC3b), and C4B were elevated significantly in pre-ERT Fabry disease plasma compared with control plasma. After longer-term ERT (46–96 months), iC3b levels gradually decreased, whereas the levels of other proteins varied. The gradual reduction of iC3b was comparable to that of Gb3 levels. In addition, iC3b increased significantly in pre-ERT Fabry disease mouse plasma, and C3 deposits were notable in renal tissues of pre-enzyme replacement therapy patients. Conclusion These results indicated that C3-mediated complement activation might be altered in Fabry disease and ERT might promote its stabilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Heo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eungu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yoon-Myung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Minji Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gu-Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Hee Choi
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Robert J Desnick
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Han-Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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27
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Ai J, Jin T, Yang L, Wei Q, Yang Y, Li H, Zhu Y. Vinculin and filamin-C are two potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for prostate cancer cell migration. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82430-82436. [PMID: 29137275 PMCID: PMC5669901 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common diseases for male population, and the effective treatment for metastatic castration-resistant PCa is still lacking. To unravel the underlying mechanism of PCa cell migration, we plan to analyze the related crucial proteins and their roles. In our study, we firstly identify the differentially expressed proteins using quantitative proteomics, and confirm their mRNA expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The alterations of these proteins at DNA and mRNA levels are obtained from cBioPortal database. Furthermore, the functions of these proteins are evaluated using wound-healing assay. The quantitative proteomics identified vinculin (VCL) and filamin-C (FLNC) as two highly expressed proteins in PC3 cells, and the DNA and mRNA of these two proteins were amplified and upregulated in a part of PCa patients. Knockdown of VCL and FLNC gene expression significantly inhibit PCa cell migration. These findings suggest that VCL and FLNC identified by quantitative proteomics are highly expressed in PCa cells with high migration potential, and they could be effective targets for repressing PCa cell migration, paving a new avenue for the prognosis and treatment of advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Ai
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Animal Experimental Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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28
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Bays JL, DeMali KA. Vinculin in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2999-3009. [PMID: 28401269 PMCID: PMC5501900 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vinculin was identified as a component of focal adhesions and adherens junctions nearly 40 years ago. Since that time, remarkable progress has been made in understanding its activation, regulation and function. Here we discuss the current understanding of the roles of vinculin in cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesions. Emphasis is placed on the how vinculin is recruited, activated and regulated. We also highlight the recent understanding of how vinculin responds to and transmits force at integrin- and cadherin-containing adhesion complexes to the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, we discuss roles of vinculin in binding to and rearranging the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Bays
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kris A DeMali
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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29
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Kuroda M, Wada H, Kimura Y, Ueda K, Kioka N. Vinculin promotes nuclear localization of TAZ to inhibit ECM stiffness-dependent differentiation into adipocytes. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:989-1002. [PMID: 28115535 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.194779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness regulates the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Although cells sense ECM stiffness through focal adhesions, how cells sense ECM stiffness and regulate ECM stiffness-dependent differentiation remains largely unclear. In this study, we show that the cytoskeletal focal adhesion protein vinculin plays a critical role in the ECM stiffness-dependent adipocyte differentiation of MSCs. ST2 mouse MSCs differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts in an ECM stiffness-dependent manner. We find that a rigid ECM increases the amount of cytoskeleton-associated vinculin and promotes the nuclear localization and activity of the transcriptional coactivator paralogs Yes-associated protein (YAP, also known as YAP1) and transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, also known as WWTR1) (hereafter YAP/TAZ). Vinculin is necessary for enhanced nuclear localization and activity of YAP/TAZ on the rigid ECM but it does not affect the phosphorylation of the YAP/TAZ kinase LATS1. Furthermore, vinculin depletion promotes differentiation into adipocytes on rigid ECM, while it inhibits differentiation into osteoblasts. Finally, TAZ knockdown was less effective at promoting adipocyte differentiation in vinculin-depleted cells than in control cells. These results suggest that vinculin promotes the nuclear localization of transcription factor TAZ to inhibit the adipocyte differentiation on rigid ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mito Kuroda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroki Wada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Kimura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kioka
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Goldmann WH. Role of vinculin in cellular mechanotransduction. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:241-56. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H. Goldmann
- Department of Biophysics; Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
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Actomyosin-dependent formation of the mechanosensitive talin-vinculin complex reinforces actin anchoring. Nat Commun 2015; 5:3095. [PMID: 24452080 PMCID: PMC3916842 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The force generated by the actomyosin cytoskeleton controls focal adhesion dynamics during cell migration. This process is thought to involve the mechanical unfolding of talin to expose cryptic vinculin-binding sites. However, the ability of the actomyosin cytoskeleton to directly control the formation of a talin–vinculin complex and the resulting activity of the complex are not known. Here we develop a microscopy assay with pure proteins in which the self-assembly of actomyosin cables controls the association of vinculin to a talin-micropatterned surface in a reversible manner. Quantifications indicate that talin refolding is limited by vinculin dissociation and modulated by the actomyosin network stability. Finally, we show that the activation of vinculin by stretched talin induces a positive feedback that reinforces the actin–talin–vinculin association. This in vitro reconstitution reveals the mechanism by which a key molecular switch senses and controls the connection between adhesion complexes and the actomyosin cytoskeleton. The interaction between focal adhesion proteins vinculin and talin is stimulated by mechanical stretching. Here the authors reconstitute actomyosin-dependent stretching of talin in vitro, and show that the resulting activation of vinculin reinforces anchoring of the adhesion complex to actin.
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Chinthalapudi K, Rangarajan ES, Patil DN, George EM, Brown DT, Izard T. Lipid binding promotes oligomerization and focal adhesion activity of vinculin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 207:643-56. [PMID: 25488920 PMCID: PMC4259812 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PIP2 binds vinculin and directs its oligomerization, which promotes proper focal adhesion structure and function. Adherens junctions (AJs) and focal adhesion (FA) complexes are necessary for cell migration and morphogenesis, and for the development, growth, and survival of all metazoans. Vinculin is an essential regulator of both AJs and FAs, where it provides links to the actin cytoskeleton. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) affects the functions of many targets, including vinculin. Here we report the crystal structure of vinculin in complex with PIP2, which revealed that PIP2 binding alters vinculin structure to direct higher-order oligomerization and suggests that PIP2 and F-actin binding to vinculin are mutually permissive. Forced expression of PIP2-binding–deficient mutants of vinculin in vinculin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts revealed that PIP2 binding is necessary for maintaining optimal FAs, for organization of actin stress fibers, and for cell migration and spreading. Finally, photobleaching experiments indicated that PIP2 binding is required for the control of vinculin dynamics and turnover in FAs. Thus, through oligomerization, PIP2 directs a transient vinculin sequestration at FAs that is necessary for proper FA function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Chinthalapudi
- Cell Adhesion Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Erumbi S Rangarajan
- Cell Adhesion Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Dipak N Patil
- Cell Adhesion Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458
| | - Eric M George
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216 Department of Biochemistry and Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216
| | - David T Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216
| | - Tina Izard
- Cell Adhesion Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458
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Valencia-Gallardo CM, Carayol N, Tran Van Nhieu G. Cytoskeletal mechanics during Shigella invasion and dissemination in epithelial cells. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:174-82. [PMID: 25469430 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is key to the barrier function of epithelial cells, by permitting the establishment and maintenance of cell-cell junctions and cell adhesion to the basal matrix. Actin exists under monomeric and polymerized filamentous form and its polymerization following activation of nucleation promoting factors generates pushing forces, required to propel intracellular microorganisms in the host cell cytosol or for the formation of cell extensions that engulf bacteria. Actin filaments can associate with adhesion receptors at the plasma membrane via cytoskeletal linkers. Membrane anchored to actin filaments are then subjected to the retrograde flow that may pull membrane-bound bacteria inside the cell. To induce its internalization by normally non-phagocytic cells, bacteria need to establish adhesive contacts and trick the cell into apply pulling forces, and/or to generate protrusive forces that deform the membrane surrounding its contact site. In this review, we will focus on recent findings on actin cytoskeleton reorganization within epithelial cells during invasion and cell-to-cell spreading by the enteroinvasive pathogen Shigella, the causative agent of bacillary dysentery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar M Valencia-Gallardo
- Equipe Communication Intercellulaire et Infections Microbiennes, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie (CIRB), Collège de France, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1050, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7241, Paris, France; MEMOLIFE Laboratory of Excellence and Paris Science Lettre, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Paris, France
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Affiliation(s)
- D.E. Leckband
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801;
| | - J. de Rooij
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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Molecular mechanisms of host cytoskeletal rearrangements by Shigella invasins. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18253-66. [PMID: 25310650 PMCID: PMC4227214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen-induced reorganization of the host cell cytoskeleton is a common strategy utilized in host cell invasion by many facultative intracellular bacteria, such as Shigella, Listeria, enteroinvasive E. coli and Salmonella. Shigella is an enteroinvasive intracellular pathogen that preferentially infects human epithelial cells and causes bacillary dysentery. Invasion of Shigella into intestinal epithelial cells requires extensive remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton with the aid of pathogenic effector proteins injected into the host cell by the activity of the type III secretion system. These so-called Shigella invasins, including IpaA, IpaC, IpgB1, IpgB2 and IpgD, modulate the actin-regulatory system in a concerted manner to guarantee efficient entry of the bacteria into host cells.
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Thompson PM, Tolbert CE, Shen K, Kota P, Palmer SM, Plevock KM, Orlova A, Galkin VE, Burridge K, Egelman EH, Dokholyan NV, Superfine R, Campbell SL. Identification of an actin binding surface on vinculin that mediates mechanical cell and focal adhesion properties. Structure 2014; 22:697-706. [PMID: 24685146 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vinculin, a cytoskeletal scaffold protein essential for embryogenesis and cardiovascular function, localizes to focal adhesions and adherens junctions, connecting cell surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. While vinculin interacts with many adhesion proteins, its interaction with filamentous actin regulates cell morphology, motility, and mechanotransduction. Disruption of this interaction lowers cell traction forces and enhances actin flow rates. Although a model for the vinculin:actin complex exists, we recently identified actin-binding deficient mutants of vinculin outside sites predicted to bind actin and developed an alternative model to better define this actin-binding surface, using negative-stain electron microscopy (EM), discrete molecular dynamics, and mutagenesis. Actin-binding deficient vinculin variants expressed in vinculin knockout fibroblasts fail to rescue cell-spreading defects and reduce cellular response to external force. These findings highlight the importance of this actin-binding surface and provide the molecular basis for elucidating additional roles of this interaction, including actin-induced conformational changes that promote actin bundling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Caitlin E Tolbert
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pradeep Kota
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sean M Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karen M Plevock
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Albina Orlova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Vitold E Galkin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Keith Burridge
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Edward H Egelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Richard Superfine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sharon L Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Zhang B, Shen XL, Liang R, Li Y, Huang K, Zhao C, Luo Y, Xu W. Protective role of the mitochondrial Lon protease 1 in ochratoxin A-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. J Proteomics 2014; 101:154-68. [PMID: 24565693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common kind of mycotoxin and food contaminant, which has various toxicological effects, especially nephrotoxicity. Our previous work about OTA-induced renal cytotoxicity indicated that mitochondrial Lon Protease 1 (Lonp1) might play a protective role. Lonp1 is a multifunctional ATP-dependent protease which mainly participates in mitochondrial proteolysis and protein quality control. The study aimed at probing how Lonp1 functioned in OTA-induced renal cytotoxicity. By means of RNA interference, we down-regulated the expression of Lonp1 in HEK293 cells. Cell viability results revealed that cells with Lonp1 deficiency were more vulnerable to OTA. Then we identified differentially expressed proteins between Lonp1 knock-down cells and scrambled control both in the absence and presence of OTA, using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach. Thirty-four proteins were differentially expressed as a result of Lonp1 deficiency, while forty-four proteins were differentially expressed in response to both Lonp1 deficiency and OTA treatment. By function summary and pathway analysis, we presumed that Lonp1 realized its protective function in the resistance to OTA-induced renal cytotoxicity via 4 processes: defensing against OTA-induced oxidative stress in the mitochondria; regulating protein synthesis, modification and repair; maintaining the balance of carbohydrate metabolism; and assisting in mtDNA maintenance. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OTA is a kind of mycotoxin that seriously threatens human health and has various toxicological effects. However, the mechanisms of its toxicity have not been exactly elucidated yet. The method of combination of RNAi and iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics paves the way to gain a better understanding of the toxicity mechanisms of OTA. The present study, for the first time, verified the protective role of Lonp1 in OTA-induced renal cytotoxicity and clarified the defensive mechanism. Proteomic changes in Lonp1 deficient cells induced by OTA added new knowledge to OTA cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Zhang
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiao Li Shen
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, PR China
| | - Rui Liang
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yuzhe Li
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Changhui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Yunbo Luo
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Laboratory of food safety and Molecular Biology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Ciobanasu C, Faivre B, Le Clainche C. Integrating actin dynamics, mechanotransduction and integrin activation: the multiple functions of actin binding proteins in focal adhesions. Eur J Cell Biol 2013; 92:339-48. [PMID: 24252517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions are clusters of integrin transmembrane receptors that mechanically couple the extracellular matrix to the actin cytoskeleton during cell migration. Focal adhesions sense and respond to variations in force transmission along a chain of protein-protein interactions linking successively actin filaments, actin binding proteins, integrins and the extracellular matrix to adapt cell-matrix adhesion to the composition and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which actin binding proteins integrate actin dynamics, mechanotransduction and integrin activation to control force transmission in focal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Ciobanasu
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales CNRS, avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
Vinculin can interact with F-actin both in recruitment of actin filaments to the growing focal adhesions and also in capping of actin filaments to regulate actin dynamics. Using molecular dynamics, both interactions are simulated using different vinculin conformations. Vinculin is simulated either with only its vinculin tail domain (Vt), with all residues in its closed conformation, with all residues in an open I conformation, and with all residues in an open II conformation. The open I conformation results from movement of domain 1 away from Vt; the open II conformation results from complete dissociation of Vt from the vinculin head domains. Simulation of vinculin binding along the actin filament showed that Vt alone can bind along the actin filaments, that vinculin in its closed conformation cannot bind along the actin filaments, and that vinculin in its open I conformation can bind along the actin filaments. The simulations confirm that movement of domain 1 away from Vt in formation of vinculin 1 is sufficient for allowing Vt to bind along the actin filament. Simulation of Vt capping actin filaments probe six possible bound structures and suggest that vinculin would cap actin filaments by interacting with both S1 and S3 of the barbed-end, using the surface of Vt normally occluded by D4 and nearby vinculin head domain residues. Simulation of D4 separation from Vt after D1 separation formed the open II conformation. Binding of open II vinculin to the barbed-end suggests this conformation allows for vinculin capping. Three binding sites on F-actin are suggested as regions that could link to vinculin. Vinculin is suggested to function as a variable switch at the focal adhesions. The conformation of vinculin and the precise F-actin binding conformation is dependent on the level of mechanical load on the focal adhesion. The interface between a cell and its substrate is strengthened by the formation of focal adhesions. In this study molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the connectivity of one focal adhesion forming protein, vinculin, and the cytoskeletal filament, F-actin. The simulations demonstrate: (1) that vinculin can link along F-actin at these focal adhesions when it adopts an open conformation, (2) that the vinculin tail (Vt) can bind F-actin at its barbed-end preventing actin polymerization, (3) that vinculin can adopt two open conformations, and (4) that the second open conformation is necessary for vinculin to cap the actin filament. The results suggest that vinculin can act as a variable switch, changing its shape and the nature of its interaction with F-actin depending on the level of stress seen at a focal adhesion. Under the highest stress vinculin would adopt the open II conformation and link anywhere on F-actin, even its barbed-end. Under less stress vinculin could adopt the open I conformation and bind along F-actin. And under minimal stress vinculin could adopt its closed conformation. This variability allows for vinculin to truly function as the cell's mechanical reinforcing agent.
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Huveneers S, de Rooij J. Mechanosensitive systems at the cadherin-F-actin interface. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:403-13. [PMID: 23524998 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells integrate biochemical and mechanical information to function within multicellular tissue. Within developing and remodeling tissues, mechanical forces contain instructive information that governs important cellular processes that include stem cell maintenance, differentiation and growth. Although the principles of signal transduction (protein phosphorylation, allosteric regulation of enzymatic activity and binding sites) are the same for biochemical and mechanical-induced signaling, the first step of mechanosensing, in which protein complexes under tension transduce changes in physical force into cellular signaling, is very different, and the molecular mechanisms are only beginning to be elucidated. In this Commentary, we focus on mechanotransduction at cell-cell junctions, aiming to comprehend the molecular mechanisms involved. We describe how different junction structures are associated with the actomyosin cytoskeleton and how this relates to the magnitude and direction of forces at cell-cell junctions. We discuss which cell-cell adhesion receptors have been shown to take part in mechanotransduction. Then we outline the force-induced molecular events that might occur within a key mechanosensitive system at cell-cell junctions; the cadherin-F-actin interface, at which α-catenin and vinculin form a central module. Mechanotransduction at cell-cell junctions emerges as an important signaling mechanism, and we present examples of its potential relevance for tissue development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Huveneers
- Sanquin Research and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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41
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Vinculin and metavinculin: Oligomerization and interactions with F-actin. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1220-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Tolbert CE, Burridge K, Campbell SL. Vinculin regulation of F-actin bundle formation: what does it mean for the cell? Cell Adh Migr 2013; 7:219-25. [PMID: 23307141 DOI: 10.4161/cam.23184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinculin is an essential cell adhesion protein, found at both focal adhesions and adherens junctions, where it couples transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton. Vinculin is involved in controlling cell shape, motility and cell survival, and has more recently been shown to play a role in force transduction. The tail domain of vinculin (Vt) has the ability to both bind and bundle actin filaments. Binding to actin induces a conformational change in Vt believed to promote formation of a Vt dimer that is able to crosslink actin filaments. We have recently provided additional evidence for the actin-induced Vt dimer and have shown that the vinculin carboxyl (C)-terminal hairpin is critical for both the formation of the Vt dimer and for bundling F-actin. We have also demonstrated the importance of the C-terminal hairpin in cells as deletion of this region impacts both adhesion properties and force transduction. Intriguingly, we have identified bundling deficient variants of vinculin that show different cellular phenotypes. These results suggest additional role(s) for the C-terminal hairpin, distinct from its bundling function. In this commentary, we will expand on our previous findings and further investigate these actin bundling deficient vinculin variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Tolbert
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Borisova M, Shi Y, Buntru A, Wörner S, Ziegler WH, Hauck CR. Integrin-mediated internalization of Staphylococcus aureus does not require vinculin. BMC Cell Biol 2013; 14:2. [PMID: 23294665 PMCID: PMC3562162 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-14-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disease manifestations of Staphylococcus aureus are connected to the fibronectin (Fn)-binding capacity of these Gram-positive pathogens. Fn deposition on the surface of S. aureus allows engagement of α5β1 integrins and triggers uptake by host cells. For several integrin- and actin-associated cytoplasmic proteins, including FAK, Src, N-WASP, tensin and cortactin, a functional role during bacterial invasion has been demonstrated. As reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is critical for bacterial entry, we investigated whether vinculin, an essential protein linking integrins with the actin cytoskeleton, may contribute to the integrin-mediated internalization of S. aureus. Results Complementation of vinculin in vinculin -/- cells, vinculin overexpression, as well as shRNA-mediated vinculin knock-down in different eukaryotic cell types demonstrate, that vinculin does not have a functional role during the integrin-mediated uptake of S. aureus. Conclusions Our results suggest that vinculin is insignificant for the integrin-mediated uptake of S. aureus despite the critical role of vinculin as a linker between integrins and F-actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Borisova
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Universität Konstanz, Postfach X908, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Twiss F, Le Duc Q, Van Der Horst S, Tabdili H, Van Der Krogt G, Wang N, Rehmann H, Huveneers S, Leckband DE, De Rooij J. Vinculin-dependent Cadherin mechanosensing regulates efficient epithelial barrier formation. Biol Open 2012; 1:1128-40. [PMID: 23213393 PMCID: PMC3507192 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20122428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of the formation and stabilization of epithelial cell–cell adhesion is crucial in embryonic morphogenesis and tissue repair processes. Defects in this process lead to organ malformation and defective epithelial barrier function. A combination of chemical and mechanical cues is used by cells to drive this process. We have investigated the role of the actomyosin cytoskeleton and its connection to cell–cell junction complexes in the formation of an epithelial barrier in MDCK cells. We find that the E-cadherin complex is sufficient to mediate a functional link between cell–cell contacts and the actomyosin cytoskeleton. This link involves the actin binding capacity of α-catenin and the recruitment of the mechanosensitive protein Vinculin to tensile, punctate cell–cell junctions that connect to radial F-actin bundles, which we name Focal Adherens Junctions (FAJ). When cell–cell adhesions mature, these FAJs disappear and linear junctions are formed that do not contain Vinculin. The rapid phase of barrier establishment (as measured by Trans Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TER)) correlates with the presence of FAJs. Moreover, the rate of barrier establishment is delayed when actomyosin contraction is blocked or when Vinculin recruitment to the Cadherin complex is prevented. Enhanced presence of Vinculin increases the rate of barrier formation. We conclude that E-cadherin-based FAJs connect forming cell–cell adhesions to the contractile actomyosin cytoskeleton. These specialized junctions are sites of Cadherin mechanosensing, which, through the recruitment of Vinculin, is a driving force in epithelial barrier formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floor Twiss
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research and University Medical Centre Utrecht , PO Box 85164, 3508 AD Utrecht , The Netherlands
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Malloy LE, Wen KK, Pierick AR, Wedemeyer EW, Bergeron SE, Vanderpool ND, McKane M, Rubenstein PA, Bartlett HL. Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAAD)-causing mutation in actin affects formin regulation of polymerization. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:28398-408. [PMID: 22753406 PMCID: PMC3436569 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.371914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 30 mutations in ACTA2, which encodes α-smooth muscle actin, have been identified to cause autosomal dominant thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. The mutation R256H is of particular interest because it also causes patent ductus arteriosus and moyamoya disease. R256H is one of the more prevalent mutations and, based on its molecular location near the strand-strand interface in the actin filament, may affect F-actin stability. To understand the molecular ramifications of the R256H mutation, we generated Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells expressing only R256H yeast actin as a model system. These cells displayed abnormal cytoskeletal morphology and increased sensitivity to latrunculin A. After cable disassembly induced by transient exposure to latrunculin A, mutant cells were delayed in reestablishing the actin cytoskeleton. In vitro, mutant actin exhibited a higher than normal critical concentration and a delayed nucleation. Consequently, we investigated regulation of mutant actin by formin, a potent facilitator of nucleation and a protein needed for normal vascular smooth muscle cell development. Mutant actin polymerization was inhibited by the FH1-FH2 fragment of the yeast formin, Bni1. This fragment strongly capped the filament rather than facilitating polymerization. Interestingly, phalloidin or the presence of wild type actin reversed the strong capping behavior of Bni1. Together, the data suggest that the R256H actin mutation alters filament conformation resulting in filament instability and misregulation by formin. These biochemical effects may contribute to abnormal histology identified in diseased arterial samples from affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuo-Kuang Wen
- Biochemistry, Roy A. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | | | | | - Sarah E. Bergeron
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
- Biochemistry, Roy A. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Nicole D. Vanderpool
- Biochemistry, Roy A. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Melissa McKane
- Biochemistry, Roy A. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Peter A. Rubenstein
- Biochemistry, Roy A. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Heather L. Bartlett
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
- Biochemistry, Roy A. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Lungu OI, Hallett RA, Choi EJ, Aiken MJ, Hahn KM, Kuhlman B. Designing photoswitchable peptides using the AsLOV2 domain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:507-17. [PMID: 22520757 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Photocontrol of functional peptides is a powerful tool for spatial and temporal control of cell signaling events. We show that the genetically encoded light-sensitive LOV2 domain of Avena Sativa phototropin 1 (AsLOV2) can be used to reversibly photomodulate the affinity of peptides for their binding partners. Sequence analysis and molecular modeling were used to embed two peptides into the Jα helix of the AsLOV2 domain while maintaining AsLOV2 structure in the dark but allowing for binding to effector proteins when the Jα helix unfolds in the light. Caged versions of the ipaA and SsrA peptides, LOV-ipaA and LOV-SsrA, bind their targets with 49- and 8-fold enhanced affinity in the light, respectively. These switches can be used as general tools for light-dependent colocalization, which we demonstrate with photo-activable gene transcription in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana I Lungu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Huveneers S, Oldenburg J, Spanjaard E, van der Krogt G, Grigoriev I, Akhmanova A, Rehmann H, de Rooij J. Vinculin associates with endothelial VE-cadherin junctions to control force-dependent remodeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 196:641-52. [PMID: 22391038 PMCID: PMC3307691 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A specialized subset of VE-cadherin adhesions senses cytoskeletal force and recruits Vinculin to control the stability of endothelial cell–cell junctions during their force-dependent remodeling. To remodel endothelial cell–cell adhesion, inflammatory cytokine- and angiogenic growth factor–induced signals impinge on the vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) complex, the central component of endothelial adherens junctions. This study demonstrates that junction remodeling takes place at a molecularly and phenotypically distinct subset of VE-cadherin adhesions, defined here as focal adherens junctions (FAJs). FAJs are attached to radial F-actin bundles and marked by the mechanosensory protein Vinculin. We show that endothelial hormones vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor α, and most prominently thrombin induced the transformation of stable junctions into FAJs. The actin cytoskeleton generated pulling forces specifically on FAJs, and inhibition of Rho-Rock-actomyosin contractility prevented the formation of FAJs and junction remodeling. FAJs formed normally in cells expressing a Vinculin binding-deficient mutant of α-catenin, showing that Vinculin recruitment is not required for adherens junction formation. Comparing Vinculin-devoid FAJs to wild-type FAJs revealed that Vinculin protects VE-cadherin junctions from opening during their force-dependent remodeling. These findings implicate Vinculin-dependent cadherin mechanosensing in endothelial processes such as leukocyte extravasation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Huveneers
- Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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Actin dynamics associated with focal adhesions. Int J Cell Biol 2012; 2012:941292. [PMID: 22505938 PMCID: PMC3312244 DOI: 10.1155/2012/941292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-matrix adhesion plays a major role during cell migration. Proteins from adhesion structures connect the extracellular matrix to the actin cytoskeleton, allowing the growing actin network to push the plasma membrane and the contractile cables (stress fibers) to pull the cell body. Force transmission to the extracellular matrix depends on several parameters including the regulation of actin dynamics in adhesion structures, the contractility of stress fibers, and the mechanosensitive response of adhesion structures. Here we highlight recent findings on the molecular mechanisms by which actin assembly is regulated in adhesion structures and the molecular basis of the mechanosensitivity of focal adhesions.
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Sumida GM, Tomita TM, Shih W, Yamada S. Myosin II activity dependent and independent vinculin recruitment to the sites of E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. BMC Cell Biol 2011; 12:48. [PMID: 22054176 PMCID: PMC3215179 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-12-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining proper adhesion between neighboring cells depends on the ability of cells to mechanically respond to tension at cell-cell junctions through the actin cytoskeleton. Thus, identifying the molecules involved in responding to cell tension would provide insight into the maintenance, regulation, and breakdown of cell-cell junctions during various biological processes. Vinculin, an actin-binding protein that associates with the cadherin complex, is recruited to cell-cell contacts under increased tension in a myosin II-dependent manner. However, the precise role of vinculin at force-bearing cell-cell junctions and how myosin II activity alters the recruitment of vinculin at quiescent cell-cell contacts have not been demonstrated. Results We generated vinculin knockdown cells using shRNA specific to vinculin and MDCK epithelial cells. These vinculin-deficient MDCK cells form smaller cell clusters in a suspension than wild-type cells. In wound healing assays, GFP-vinculin accumulated at cell-cell junctions along the wound edge while vinculin-deficient cells displayed a slower wound closure rate compared to vinculin-expressing cells. In the presence of blebbistatin (myosin II inhibitor), vinculin localization at quiescent cell-cell contacts was unaffected while in the presence of jasplakinolide (F-actin stabilizer), vinculin recruitment increased in mature MDCK cell monolayers. Conclusion These results demonstrate that vinculin plays an active role at adherens junctions under increased tension at cell-cell contacts where vinculin recruitment occurs in a myosin II activity-dependent manner, whereas vinculin recruitment to the quiescent cell-cell junctions depends on F-actin stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant M Sumida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Abstract
Hsp27 oligomer is reported to interact with F-actin as a barbed-end-capping protein. The present study determined the binding strength and stoichiometry of the interaction using fluorescence of probes attached to Hsp27 cysteine-137. The fluorescence of acrylodan attached to Hsp27 increased 4-5-fold upon interaction with F-actin. Titration of the fluorescence with F-actin yielded a weak binding constant (KDapp = 5.3 μM) with an actin/Hsp27 stoichiometry between < 1 and 6. This stoichiometry is inconsistent with an F-actin end-capping protein. Pyrene attached to Hsp27 exhibited a large excimer fluorescence, in agreement with the known proximity of the cysteine-137's in the Hsp27 oligomer. Upon interaction with F-actin the pyrene-Hsp27 excimer fluorescence was largely lost, suggesting that Hsp27 interacts with F-actin as a monomer, consistent with the acrylodan-Hsp27 results. EM images of F-actin-Hsp27 demonstrated that Hsp27 is not a strong G-actin sequester. Thus, Hsp27, in vitro, is a weak F-actin side-binding protein.
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