1
|
Neel AI, Wang Y, Sun H, Liontis KE, McCormack MC, Mayer JC, Cervera Juanes RP, Davenport AT, Grant KA, Daunais JD, Chen R. Differential regulation of G protein-coupled receptor-associated proteins in the caudate and the putamen of cynomolgus macaques following chronic ethanol drinking. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38783749 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The dorsal striatum is composed of the caudate nucleus and the putamen in human and non-human primates. These two regions receive different cortical projections and are functionally distinct. The caudate is involved in the control of goal-directed behaviors, while the putamen is implicated in habit learning and formation. Previous reports indicate that ethanol differentially influences neurotransmission in these two regions. Because neurotransmitters primarily signal through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to modulate neuronal activity, the present study aimed to determine whether ethanol had a region-dependent impact on the expression of proteins that are involved in the trafficking and function of GPCRs, including G protein subunits and their effectors, protein kinases, and elements of the cytoskeleton. Western blotting was performed to examine protein levels in the caudate and the putamen of male cynomolgus macaques that self-administered ethanol for 1 year under free access conditions, along with control animals that self-administered an isocaloric sweetened solution under identical operant conditions. Among the 18 proteins studied, we found that the levels of one protein (PKCβ) were increased, and 13 proteins (Gαi1/3, Gαi2, Gαo, Gβ1γ, PKCα, PKCε, CaMKII, GSK3β, β-actin, cofilin, α-tubulin, and tubulin polymerization promoting protein) were reduced in the caudate of alcohol-drinking macaques. However, ethanol did not alter the expression of any proteins examined in the putamen. These observations underscore the unique vulnerability of the caudate nucleus to changes in protein expression induced by chronic ethanol exposure. Whether these alterations are associated with ethanol-induced dysregulation of GPCR function and neurotransmission warrants future investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Neel
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Haiguo Sun
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine E Liontis
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary C McCormack
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonathan C Mayer
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rita P Cervera Juanes
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - April T Davenport
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Division of Neuroscience Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - James D Daunais
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gooding SW, Whistler JL. A Balancing Act: Learning from the Past to Build a Future-Focused Opioid Strategy. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:1-25. [PMID: 38029388 PMCID: PMC10987332 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The harmful side effects of opioid drugs such as respiratory depression, tolerance, dependence, and abuse potential have limited the therapeutic utility of opioids for their entire clinical history. However, no previous attempt to develop effective pain drugs that substantially ameliorate these effects has succeeded, and the current opioid epidemic affirms that they are a greater hindrance to the field of pain management than ever. Recent attempts at new opioid development have sought to reduce these side effects by minimizing engagement of the regulatory protein arrestin-3 at the mu-opioid receptor, but there is significant controversy around this approach. Here, we discuss the ongoing effort to develop safer opioids and its relevant historical context. We propose a new model that reconciles results previously assumed to be in direct conflict to explain how different signaling profiles at the mu-opioid receptor contribute to opioid tolerance and dependence. Our goal is for this framework to inform the search for a new generation of lower liability opioid analgesics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L Whistler
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han Z, Jin G, Tang J, Wang H, Guo D, Zhang J. Analgesic tolerance and cross-tolerance to the bifunctional opioid/neuropeptide FF receptors agonist EN-9 and μ-opioid receptor ligands at the supraspinal level in mice. Neuropeptides 2023; 97:102309. [PMID: 36410163 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The chimeric peptide EN-9 was reported as a κ-opioid/neuropeptide FF receptors bifunctional agonist that modulated chronic pain with no tolerance. Many lines of evidence have shown that the effect of the κ-opioid receptor is mediated by not only its specific activation but also downstream events participation, especially interaction with the μ-opioid receptor pathway in antinociception and tolerance on most occasions. The present study investigated the acute and chronic cross-tolerance of EN-9 with μ-opioid receptor agonist EM-2, DAMGO, and morphine after intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v) injection in the mouse tail-flick test. In the acute tolerance test, EN-9 showed symmetrical acute cross-tolerance to DAMGO but no cross-tolerance to EM2. In the chronic tolerance test, EN-9 had no tolerance after eight days of repeated administration. However, EN-9 illustrated complete cross-tolerance to morphine and symmetrical cross-tolerance to EM2. In addition, inhibition of NPFF receptor could induce the tolerance development of EN-9. These findings indicated that supraspinal EN-9-induced antinociception contains additional components, which are mediated by the downstream μ-opioid receptor pathway both in acute and chronic treatment, whereas the subtypes of μ-opioid receptor or NPFF system pathway involved in antinociceptive effects induced by EN-9 are complex. Identifying the receptor mechanism could help design preferable bifunctional opioid compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglan Han
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 55 Dongshun Road, Nanchong 637100, PR China
| | - Guofei Jin
- Nanchong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Drugs and Biological Products, 55 Dongshun Road, Nanchong 637100, PR China
| | - Jiancai Tang
- Nanchong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Drugs and Biological Products, 55 Dongshun Road, Nanchong 637100, PR China
| | - Hanyan Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 55 Dongshun Road, Nanchong 637100, PR China
| | - Dongmei Guo
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 55 Dongshun Road, Nanchong 637100, PR China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 55 Dongshun Road, Nanchong 637100, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A Neuropharmacological Model to Explain Buprenorphine Induction Challenges. Ann Emerg Med 2022; 80:509-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Ketamine Improves Desensitization of µ-Opioid Receptors Induced by Repeated Treatment with Fentanyl but Not with Morphine. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030426. [PMID: 35327617 PMCID: PMC8946650 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The issue of tolerance to continuous or repeated administration of opioids should be addressed. The ability of ketamine to improve opioid tolerance has been reported in clinical studies, and its mechanism of tolerance may involve improved desensitization of μ-opioid receptors (MORs). We measured changes in MOR activity and intracellular signaling induced by repeated fentanyl and morphine administration and investigated the effects of ketamine on these changes with human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing MOR using the CellKey™, cADDis cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and PathHunter® β-arrestin recruitment assays. Repeated administration of fentanyl or morphine suppressed the second MOR responses. Administration of ketamine before a second application of opioids within clinical concentrations improved acute desensitization and enhanced β-arrestin recruitment elicited by fentanyl but not by morphine. The effects of ketamine on fentanyl were suppressed by co-treatment with an inhibitor of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK). Ketamine may potentially reduce fentanyl tolerance but not that of morphine through modulation of GRK-mediated pathways, possibly changing the conformational changes of β-arrestin to MOR.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma X, Chen R, Huang M, Wang W, Luo L, Kim DK, Jiang W, Xu T. DAMGO-induced μ opioid receptor internalization and recycling restore morphine sensitivity in tolerant rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 878:173118. [PMID: 32320702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of DAMGO-induced μ opioid receptor (MOR) internalization on morphine tolerance. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) aged 6-8 weeks were administered morphine via intrathecal (i.t.) injection (15 μg/10 μl twice daily for 6 days) to induce antinociceptive tolerance, which was evaluated using the tail-flick and paw-withdrawal tests. Response latency was calculated as the percentage of maximum possible effect (%MPE). A bolus of DAMGO was administered by i.t. injection on day 6, and the tail-flick and paw-withdrawal tests were carried out 24, 48, and 72 h later. Membrane and cytosolic MOR expression was assessed by western blotting. HEK293 cells were transfected with MOR-FLAG plasmid and after 6 days of morphine treatment (10 μM), the cells were treated with 1 μM DAMGO, and MOR localization was examined by immunofluorescence analysis 30 and 60 min later. Repeated morphine treatment induced tolerance after 5 days; however, i.t. DAMGO administration restored morphine sensitivity and enhanced acute morphine-induced antinociception after 24, 48, and 72 h. In HEK293 cells, DAMGO treatment stimulated MOR internalization after 30 min and MOR recycling to the membrane after 1 h. Membrane and cytoplasmic MOR expression in vivo was unchanged 24, 48, and 72 h after i.t. DAMGO injection. Morphine does not cause significant MOR internalization or downregulation, and can readily induce tolerance. DAMGO counters this effect by enhancing receptor endocytosis, thereby reversing morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance and restoring its analgesic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Limin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Dong Kwan Kim
- Department of Physiology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongzhou People's Hospital, Nantong, 226300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kunselman JM, Zajac AS, Weinberg ZY, Puthenveedu MA. Homologous Regulation of Mu Opioid Receptor Recycling by G βγ , Protein Kinase C, and Receptor Phosphorylation. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:702-710. [PMID: 31575621 PMCID: PMC6820217 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking and receptor signaling are two fundamental cellular processes that interact constantly. Although how trafficking regulates signaling is well studied, how signaling pathways regulate trafficking is less well understood. Here, we use the mu opioid receptor (MOR), the primary target for opioid analgesics, to define a signaling pathway that dynamically regulates postendocytic receptor recycling. By directly visualizing individual MOR recycling events, we show that agonist increases MOR recycling. Inhibition of G βγ, phospholipase C, or protein kinase C mimicked agonist removal, whereas activation of G βγ increased recycling even after agonist removal. Phosphorylation of serine 363 on the C-terminal tail of MOR was required and sufficient for agonist-mediated regulation of MOR recycling. Our results identify a feedback loop that regulates MOR recycling via G βγ , protein kinase C, and receptor phosphorylation. This could serve as a general model for how signaling regulates postendocytic trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) localization in the endosome is being increasingly recognized as an important and distinct component of GPCR signaling and physiology. This study identifies a G protein-dependent and protein kinase C-dependent signaling pathway that dynamically regulates the endosomal localization of the mu opioid receptor, the primary target of opioid analgesics and abused drugs. This pathway could provide a mechanism to manipulate spatial encoding of opioid signaling and physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Kunselman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program (J.M.K., M.A.P.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.M.K., Z.Y.W., M.A.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.S.Z., M.A.P.)
| | - Amanda S Zajac
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program (J.M.K., M.A.P.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.M.K., Z.Y.W., M.A.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.S.Z., M.A.P.)
| | - Zara Y Weinberg
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program (J.M.K., M.A.P.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.M.K., Z.Y.W., M.A.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.S.Z., M.A.P.)
| | - Manojkumar A Puthenveedu
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program (J.M.K., M.A.P.) and Department of Pharmacology (J.M.K., Z.Y.W., M.A.P.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (A.S.Z., M.A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Weinberg ZY, Crilly SE, Puthenveedu MA. Spatial encoding of GPCR signaling in the nervous system. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 57:83-89. [PMID: 30708280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several GPCRs, including receptors previously thought to signal primarily from the cell surface, have been recently shown to signal from many intracellular compartments. This raises the idea that signaling by any given receptor is spatially encoded in the cell, with distinct sites of signal origin dictating distinct downstream consequences. We will discuss recent developments that address this novel facet of GPCR physiology, focusing on the spatial segregation of signaling from the cell surface, endosomes, and the Golgi by receptors relevant to the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zara Y Weinberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephanie E Crilly
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Manojkumar A Puthenveedu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hanyaloglu AC. Advances in Membrane Trafficking and Endosomal Signaling of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 339:93-131. [PMID: 29776606 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The integration of GPCR signaling with membrane trafficking, as a single orchestrated system, is a theme increasingly evident with the growing reports of GPCR endosomal signaling. Once viewed as a mechanism to regulate cell surface heterotrimeric G protein signaling, the endocytic trafficking system is complex, highly compartmentalized, yet deeply interconnected with cell signaling. The organization of receptors into distinct plasma membrane signalosomes, biochemically distinct endosomal populations, endosomal microdomains, and its communication with distinct subcellular organelles such as the Golgi provides multiple unique signaling platforms that are critical for specifying receptor function physiologically and pathophysiologically. In this chapter I discuss our emerging understanding in the endocytic trafficking systems employed by GPCRs and their novel roles in spatial control of signaling. Given the extensive roles that GPCRs play in vivo, these evolving models are starting to provide mechanistic understanding of distinct diseases and provide novel therapeutic avenues that are proving to be viable targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aylin C Hanyaloglu
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Evolving View of Membrane Trafficking and Signaling Systems for G Protein-Coupled Receptors. ENDOCYTOSIS AND SIGNALING 2018; 57:273-299. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96704-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
11
|
Nogueras-Ortiz C, Roman-Vendrell C, Mateo-Semidey GE, Liao YH, Kendall DA, Yudowski GA. Retromer stops beta-arrestin 1-mediated signaling from internalized cannabinoid 2 receptors. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3554-3561. [PMID: 28954865 PMCID: PMC5683765 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-03-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The retromer acts as the gatekeeper blocking signaling mediated by beta-arrestin 1 from internalized cannabinoid 2 receptors. This work provides further confirmation of the relevance and prevalence of signaling from internalized receptors at endosomal compartments after ligand-induced endocytosis. G protein–coupled receptors mediate their complex functions through activation of signaling cascades from receptors localized at the cell surface and endosomal compartments. These signaling pathways are modulated by heterotrimeric G proteins and the scaffold proteins beta-arrestin 1 and 2. However, in contrast to the events occurring at the cell surface, our knowledge of the mechanisms controlling signaling from receptors localized at intracellular compartments is still very limited. Here we sought to investigate the intracellular signaling from cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R). First, we show that receptor internalization is required for agonist-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). Then we demonstrate that ERK1/2 activation is mediated by beta-arrestin 1 from receptors localized exclusively at Rab4/5 compartments. Finally, we identify the retromer complex as a gatekeeper, terminating beta-arrestin 1–mediated ERK phosphorylation. These findings extend our understanding of the events controlling signaling from endocytosed receptors and identify the retromer as a modulator of beta-arrestin–mediated signaling from CB2R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Roman-Vendrell
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00901.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Puerto Rico, Medical San Juan, PR 00936
| | - Gabriel E Mateo-Semidey
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00901.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical San Juan, PR 00936.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical San Juan, PR 00936
| | - Yu-Hsien Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3092
| | - Debra A Kendall
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3092
| | - Guillermo A Yudowski
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00901 .,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical San Juan, PR 00936.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical San Juan, PR 00936
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Delgado-Peraza F, Ahn KH, Nogueras-Ortiz C, Mungrue IN, Mackie K, Kendall DA, Yudowski GA. Mechanisms of Biased β-Arrestin-Mediated Signaling Downstream from the Cannabinoid 1 Receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 89:618-29. [PMID: 27009233 PMCID: PMC4885504 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.103176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of G protein-coupled receptors results in multiple waves of signaling that are mediated by heterotrimeric G proteins and the scaffolding proteins β-arrestin 1/2. Ligands can elicit full or subsets of cellular responses, a concept defined as ligand bias or functional selectivity. However, our current understanding of β-arrestin-mediated signaling is still very limited. Here we provide a comprehensive view of β-arrestin-mediated signaling from the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R). By using a signaling biased receptor, we define the cascades, specific receptor kinases, and molecular mechanism underlying β-arrestin-mediated signaling: We identify the interaction kinetics of CB1R and β-arrestin 1 during their endocytic trafficking as directly proportional to its efficacy. Finally, we demonstrate that signaling results in the control of genes clustered around prosurvival and proapoptotic functions among others. Together, these studies constitute a comprehensive description of β-arrestin-mediated signaling from CB1Rs and suggest modulation of receptor endocytic trafficking as a therapeutic approach to control β-arrestin-mediated signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francheska Delgado-Peraza
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| | - Kwang H Ahn
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| | - Carlos Nogueras-Ortiz
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| | - Imran N Mungrue
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| | - Debra A Kendall
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| | - Guillermo A Yudowski
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (F.D.-P., G.A.Y.) and Institute of Neurobiology (F.D.-P., C.N.-O., G.A.Y.), University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (K.H.A., D.A.K.); Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana (I.N.M.); and Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana (K.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feng Y, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Li W, Sussman RT, Randall M, Bosse KR, Maris JM, Dimitrov DS. Differential killing of CD56-expressing cells by drug-conjugated human antibodies targeting membrane-distal and membrane-proximal non-overlapping epitopes. MAbs 2016; 8:799-810. [PMID: 26910291 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1155014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD56 (NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecule) is over-expressed in many tumor types, including neuroblastoma, multiple myeloma, small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, NK-T lymphoma, neuroendocrine cancer and pancreatic cancer. Using phage display, we identified 2 high-affinity anti-CD56 human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), m900 and m906, which bound to spatially separated non-overlapping epitopes with similar affinity (equilibrium dissociation constant 2.9 and 4.5 nM, respectively). m900 bound to the membrane proximal fibronectin type III-like domains, whereas m906 bound to the N-terminal IgG-like domains. m906 induced significant down-regulation of CD56 in 4 neuroblastoma cell lines tested, while m900-induced downregulation of CD56 was much lower. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) made by conjugation with a highly potent pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD) exhibited killing activity that correlated with CD56 down-regulation, and to some extent with in vivo binding ability of the antibodies. The m906PBD ADC was much more potent than m900PBD, likely due to higher CD56-mediated downregulation and stronger binding to cells. Treatment with m906PBD ADC resulted in very potent cytotoxicity (IC50: 0.05-1.7 pM). These results suggest a novel approach for targeting CD56-expressing neuroblastoma cells. Further studies in animal models and in humans are needed to find whether these antibodies and their drug conjugates are promising candidate therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- a Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick , MD , USA
| | - Yanping Wang
- a Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick , MD , USA.,b Geneva Foundation , Tacoma , WA , USA
| | - Zhongyu Zhu
- a Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick , MD , USA
| | - Wei Li
- a Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick , MD , USA
| | - Robyn T Sussman
- c Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Michael Randall
- c Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Kristopher R Bosse
- c Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,d Department of Pediatrics , Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - John M Maris
- c Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Dimiter S Dimitrov
- a Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick , MD , USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Delgado-Peraza F, Nogueras-Ortiz C, Acevedo Canabal AM, Roman-Vendrell C, Yudowski GA. Imaging GPCRs trafficking and signaling with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy in cultured neurons. Methods Cell Biol 2015; 132:25-33. [PMID: 26928537 PMCID: PMC5421379 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy allows probing the cellular events occurring close and at the plasma membrane. Over the last decade, we have seen a significant increase in the number of publications applying TIRF microscopy to unravel some of the fundamental biological questions regarding G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) function such as the mechanisms controlling receptor trafficking, quaternary structure, and signaling among others. Most of the published work has been performed in heterologous systems such as HEK293 and CHO cells, where the imaging surface available is higher and smoother when compared with the narrow processes or the smaller cell bodies of neurons. However, some publications have expanded our understanding of these events to primary cell cultures, mostly rat hippocampal and striatal neuronal cultures. Results from these cells provide a bona fide model of the complex events controlling GPCR function in living cells. We believe more work needs to be performed in primary cultures and eventually in intact tissue to complement the knowledge obtained from heterologous cell models. Here, we described a step-by-step protocol to investigate the surface trafficking and signaling from GPCRs in rat hippocampal and striatal primary cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francheska Delgado-Peraza
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
| | - Carlos Nogueras-Ortiz
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
| | - Agnes M. Acevedo Canabal
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
| | - Cristina Roman-Vendrell
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Guillermo A. Yudowski
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bowman SL, Soohoo AL, Shiwarski DJ, Schulz S, Pradhan AA, Puthenveedu MA. Cell-autonomous regulation of Mu-opioid receptor recycling by substance P. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1925-36. [PMID: 25801029 PMCID: PMC4494997 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
How neurons coordinate and reprogram multiple neurotransmitter signals is an area of broad interest. Here, we show that substance P (SP), a neuropeptide associated with inflammatory pain, reprograms opioid receptor recycling and signaling. SP, through activation of the neurokinin 1 (NK1R) receptor, increases the post-endocytic recycling of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons in an agonist-selective manner. SP-mediated protein kinase C (PKC) activation is both required and sufficient for increasing recycling of exogenous and endogenous MOR in TG neurons. The target of this cross-regulation is MOR itself, given that mutation of either of two PKC phosphorylation sites on MOR abolishes the SP-induced increase in recycling and resensitization. Furthermore, SP enhances the resensitization of fentanyl-induced, but not morphine-induced, antinociception in mice. Our results define a physiological pathway that cross-regulates opioid receptor recycling via direct modification of MOR and suggest a mode of homeostatic interaction between the pain and analgesic systems.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kashiwazaki A, Fujiwara Y, Tsuchiya H, Sakai N, Shibata K, Koshimizu TA. Subcellular localization and internalization of the vasopressin V1B receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:291-9. [PMID: 26318147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Only limited information is available on agonist-dependent changes in the subcellular localization of vasopressin V1B receptors. Our radioligand binding study of membrane preparations and intact cells revealed that a large fraction of the V1B receptor is located in the cytoplasm in unstimulated CHO cells, which is in contrast to the plasma membrane localization of the V1A and V2 receptors. Moreover, when the affinity of radiolabeled arginine-vasopressin ([3H]AVP) was compared between membrane preparations and intact cells, the affinity of [3H]AVP to the cell surface V1B receptors, but not the V1A receptors, was significantly reduced. Although the number and affinity of cell surface V1B receptors decreased, they became extensively internalized upon binding with [3H]AVP. Approximately 87% of cell surface-bound [3H]AVP was internalized and became resistant to acid wash during incubation with 1 nM [3H]AVP. By contrast, less ligand (35%) was internalized in the cells expressing the V1A receptor. Extensive internalization of the V1B receptors was partially attenuated by inhibitors of cytoskeletal proteins, siRNA against β-arrestin 2, or the removal of sodium chloride from the extracellular buffer, indicating that this internalization involves clathrin-coated pits. Together, these results indicate that the mechanism that regulates the number and affinity of V1B receptors in the plasma membrane is markedly distinct from the corresponding mechanisms for the V1A and V2 receptors and plays a critical role under stress conditions, when vasopressin release is augmented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aki Kashiwazaki
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yoko Fujiwara
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsuchiya
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Nobuya Sakai
- Department of Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Hyogo 670-8524, Japan
| | - Katsushi Shibata
- Department of Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Hyogo 670-8524, Japan
| | - Taka-aki Koshimizu
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Birdsong WT, Arttamangkul S, Bunzow JR, Williams JT. Agonist Binding and Desensitization of the μ-Opioid Receptor Is Modulated by Phosphorylation of the C-Terminal Tail Domain. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:816-24. [PMID: 25934731 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.097527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained activation of G protein-coupled receptors can lead to a rapid decline in signaling through acute receptor desensitization. In the case of the μ-opioid receptor (MOPr), this desensitization may play a role in the development of analgesic tolerance. It is understood that phosphorylation of MOPr promotes association with β-arrestin proteins, which then facilitates desensitization and receptor internalization. Agonists that induce acute desensitization have been shown to induce a noncanonical high-affinity agonist binding state in MOPr, conferring a persistent memory of prior receptor activation. In the current study, live-cell confocal imaging was used to investigate the role of receptor phosphorylation in agonist binding to MOPr. A phosphorylation cluster in the C-terminal tail of MOPr was identified as a mediator of agonist-induced affinity changes in MOPr. This site is unique from the primary phosphorylation cluster responsible for β-arrestin binding and internalization. Electrophysiologic measurements of receptor function suggest that both phosphorylation clusters may play a parallel role during acute receptor desensitization. Desensitization was unaffected by alanine mutation of either phosphorylation cluster, but was largely eliminated when both clusters were mutated. Overall, this work suggests that there are multiple effects of MOPr phosphorylation that appear to regulate MOPr function: one affecting β-arrestin binding and a second affecting agonist binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James R Bunzow
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - John T Williams
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bowman SL, Puthenveedu MA. Postendocytic Sorting of Adrenergic and Opioid Receptors: New Mechanisms and Functions. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 132:189-206. [PMID: 26055059 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The endocytic pathway tightly regulates the activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Much of our understanding of this relationship between GPCR endocytic trafficking and signaling comes from studies done on catecholamine and opioid receptors. After ligand-induced endocytosis, a key sorting step in the endosome determines whether receptors are recycled back to the cell surface, leading to recovery of signaling, or are degraded in the lysosome, leading to desensitization. Recycling of GPCRs, unlike that of many other proteins, is an active process driven by specific sequences on the receptor and proteins that interact with this sequence. Recent data suggest that sequence-dependent recycling plays complex roles in regulating both the timing and location of GPCR signaling. This chapter will describe our current understanding of the mechanisms regulating GPCR sorting in the endosome and discuss emerging ideas on their role in GPCR signaling, focusing on adrenergic and opioid receptors as prototypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanna L Bowman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Real-time imaging of mu opioid receptors by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1230:79-86. [PMID: 25293317 PMCID: PMC4836948 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1708-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Receptor trafficking and signaling are intimately linked, especially in the Mu opioid receptor (MOR) where ligand-dependent endocytosis and recycling have been associated with opioid tolerance and dependence. Ligands of MOR can induce receptor endocytosis and recycling within minutes of exposure in heterologous systems and cultured neurons. Endocytosis removes desensitized receptors after their activation from the plasma membrane, while recycling promotes resensitization by delivering functional receptors to the cell surface. These rapid mechanisms can escape traditional analytical methods where only snapshots are obtained from highly dynamic events.Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is a powerful tool that can be used to investigate, in real time, surface trafficking events at the single molecule level. The restricted excitation of fluorophores located at or near the plasma membrane in combination with high sensitivity quantitative cameras makes it possible to record and analyze individual endocytic and recycling event in real time. In this chapter, we describe a TIRF microscopy protocol to investigate in real time, the ligand-dependent MOR trafficking in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells and dissociated striatal neuronal cultures. This approach can provide unique spatio-temporal resolution to understand the fundamental events controlling MOR trafficking at the plasma membrane.
Collapse
|
20
|
Roman-Vendrell C, Chevalier M, Acevedo-Canabal AM, Delgado-Peraza F, Flores-Otero J, Yudowski GA. Imaging of kiss-and-run exocytosis of surface receptors in neuronal cultures. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:363. [PMID: 25404895 PMCID: PMC4217495 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins are continuously shuttled from the endosomal compartment to the neuronal plasma membrane by highly regulated and complex trafficking steps. These events are involved in many homeostatic and physiological processes such as neuronal growth, signaling, learning and memory among others. We have previously shown that endosomal exocytosis of the B2 adrenergic receptor (B2AR) and the GluR1-containing AMPA receptor to the neuronal plasma membrane is mediated by two different types of vesicular fusion. A rapid type of exocytosis in which receptors are delivered to the plasma membrane in a single kinetic step, and a persistent mode in which receptors remain clustered at the insertion site for a variable period of time before delivery to the cell surface. Here, by comparing the exocytosis of multiple receptors in dissociated hippocampal and striatal cultures, we show that persistent events are a general mechanism of vesicular delivery. Persistent events were only observed after 10 days in vitro, and their frequency increased with use of the calcium ionophore A23187 and with depolarization induced by KCl. Finally, we determined that vesicles producing persistent events remain at the plasma membrane, closing and reopening their fusion pore for a consecutive release of cargo in a mechanism reminiscent of synaptic kiss-and-run. These results indicate that the delivery of transmembrane receptors to the cell surface can be dynamically regulated by kiss-and-run exocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Roman-Vendrell
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus San Juan, PR, USA ; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Michael Chevalier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Agnes M Acevedo-Canabal
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus San Juan, PR, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Francheska Delgado-Peraza
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus San Juan, PR, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Jacqueline Flores-Otero
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Guillermo A Yudowski
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus San Juan, PR, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, PR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gupta A, Fujita W, Gomes I, Bobeck E, Devi LA. Endothelin-converting enzyme 2 differentially regulates opioid receptor activity. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 172:704-19. [PMID: 24990314 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Opioid receptor function is modulated by post-activation events such as receptor endocytosis, recycling and/or degradation. While it is generally understood that the peptide ligand gets co-endocytosed with the receptor, relatively few studies have investigated the role of the endocytosed peptide and peptide processing enzymes in regulating receptor function. In this study, we focused on endothelin-converting enzyme 2 (ECE2), a member of the neprilysin family of metallopeptidases that exhibits an acidic pH optimum, localizes to an intracellular compartment and selectively processes neuropeptides including opioid peptides in vitro, and examined its role in modulating μ receptor recycling and resensitization. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of ECE2 inhibition on hydrolysis of the endocytosed peptide was examined using thin-layer chromatography and on μ opioid receptor trafficking using either elisa or microscopy. The effect of ECE2 inhibition on receptor signalling was measured using a cAMP assay and, in vivo, on antinociception induced by intrathecally administered opioids by the tail-flick assay. KEY RESULTS The highly selective ECE2 inhibitor, S136492, significantly impaired μ receptor recycling and signalling by only those ligands that are ECE2 substrates and this was seen both in heterologous cells and in cells endogenously co-expressing μ receptors with ECE2. We also found that ECE2 inhibition attenuated antinociception mediated only by opioid peptides that are ECE2 substrates. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that ECE2, by selectively processing endogenous opioid peptides in the endocytic compartment, plays a role in modulating opioid receptor activity. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Opioids: New Pathways to Functional Selectivity. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ligand-specific endocytic dwell times control functional selectivity of the cannabinoid receptor 1. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4589. [PMID: 25081814 PMCID: PMC4227836 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the major transducers of external stimuli and
key therapeutic targets in many pathological conditions. When activated by different
ligands, one receptor can elicit multiple signalling cascades that are mediated by G
proteins or β-arrestin, a process defined as functional selectivity or
ligand bias. However, the dynamic mechanisms underlying β-arrestin
signalling remain unknown. Here by studying the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), we identify ligand-specific endocytic dwell times, that
is, the time during which receptors are clustered into clathrin pits together with
β-arrestins before endocytosis, as the mechanism controlling
β-arrestin signalling. Agonists inducing short endocytic dwell times
produce little or no β-arrestin signalling, whereas those eliciting
prolonged dwell times induce robust signalling. Remarkably, extending CB1R dwell times by preventing endocytosis
substantially increased β-arrestin signalling. These studies reveal how
receptor activation translates into β-arrestin signalling and identify a
mechanism to control this pathway. G-protein coupled receptors can signal through G-proteins or through
β-arrestin, however mechanisms determining pathway selection remain unclear.
Here the authors show that the duration of cannabinoid receptor clustering in clathrin
coated pits prior to endocytosis determines the strength of β-arrestin
signalling.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gendron L, Mittal N, Beaudry H, Walwyn W. Recent advances on the δ opioid receptor: from trafficking to function. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 172:403-19. [PMID: 24665909 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Within the opioid family of receptors, δ (DOPrs) and μ opioid receptors (MOPrs) are typical GPCRs that activate canonical second-messenger signalling cascades to influence diverse cellular functions in neuronal and non-neuronal cell types. These receptors activate well-known pathways to influence ion channel function and pathways such as the map kinase cascade, AC and PI3K. In addition new information regarding opioid receptor-interacting proteins, downstream signalling pathways and resultant functional effects has recently come to light. In this review, we will examine these novel findings focusing on the DOPr and, in doing so, will contrast and compare DOPrs with MOPrs in terms of differences and similarities in function, signalling pathways, distribution and interactions. We will also discuss and clarify issues that have recently surfaced regarding the expression and function of DOPrs in different cell types and analgesia. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Opioids: New Pathways to Functional Selectivity. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2015.172.issue-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Gendron
- Département de physiologie et biophysique, Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jaremko KM, Thompson NL, Reyes BAS, Jin J, Ebersole B, Jenney CB, Grigson PS, Levenson R, Berrettini WH, Van Bockstaele EJ. Morphine-induced trafficking of a mu-opioid receptor interacting protein in rat locus coeruleus neurons. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 50:53-65. [PMID: 24333843 PMCID: PMC3928604 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Opiate addiction is a devastating health problem, with approximately 2million people currently addicted to heroin or non-medical prescription opiates in the United States alone. In neurons, adaptations in cell signaling cascades develop following opioid actions at the mu opioid receptor (MOR). A novel putative target for intervention involves interacting proteins that may regulate trafficking of MOR. Morphine has been shown to induce a re-distribution of a MOR-interacting protein Wntless (WLS, a transport molecule necessary for secretion of neurotrophic Wnt proteins), from cytoplasmic to membrane compartments in rat striatal neurons. Given its opiate-sensitivity and its well-characterized molecular and cellular adaptations to morphine exposure, we investigated the anatomical distribution of WLS and MOR in the rat locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) system. Dual immunofluorescence microscopy was used to test the hypothesis that WLS is localized to noradrenergic neurons of the LC and that WLS and MOR co-exist in common LC somatodendritic processes, providing an anatomical substrate for their putative interactions. We also hypothesized that morphine would influence WLS distribution in the LC. Rats received saline, morphine or the opiate agonist [d-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol5]-enkephalin (DAMGO), and tissue sections through the LC were processed for immunogold-silver detection of WLS and MOR. Statistical analysis showed a significant re-distribution of WLS to the plasma membrane following morphine treatment in addition to an increase in the proximity of gold-silver labels for MOR and WLS. Following DAMGO treatment, MOR and WLS were predominantly localized within the cytoplasmic compartment when compared to morphine and control. In a separate cohort of rats, brains were obtained from saline-treated or heroin self-administering male rats for pulldown co-immunoprecipitation studies. Results showed an increased association of WLS and MOR following heroin exposure. As the LC-NE system is important for cognition as well as decisions underlying substance abuse, adaptations in WLS trafficking and expression may play a role in modulating MOR function in the LC and contribute to the negative sequelae of opiate exposure on executive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kellie M Jaremko
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Nicholas L Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Beverly A S Reyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States.
| | - Jay Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Brittany Ebersole
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Christopher B Jenney
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Patricia S Grigson
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Robert Levenson
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Wade H Berrettini
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Elisabeth J Van Bockstaele
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The elongation rate of axons is tightly regulated during development. Recycling of the plasma membrane is known to regulate axon extension; however, the specific molecules involved in recycling within the growth cone have not been fully characterized. Here, we investigated whether the small GTPases Rab4 and Rab5 involved in short-loop recycling regulate the extension of Xenopus retinal axons. We report that, in growth cones, Rab5 and Rab4 proteins localize to endosomes, which accumulate markers that are constitutively recycled. Fluorescence recovery after photo-bleaching experiments showed that Rab5 and Rab4 are recruited to endosomes in the growth cone, suggesting that they control recycling locally. Dynamic image analysis revealed that Rab4-positive carriers can bud off from Rab5 endosomes and move to the periphery of the growth cone, suggesting that both Rab5 and Rab4 contribute to recycling within the growth cone. Inhibition of Rab4 function with dominant-negative Rab4 or Rab4 morpholino and constitutive activation of Rab5 decreases the elongation of retinal axons in vitro and in vivo, but, unexpectedly, does not disrupt axon pathfinding. Thus, Rab5- and Rab4-mediated control of endosome trafficking appears to be crucial for axon growth. Collectively, our results suggest that recycling from Rab5-positive endosomes via Rab4 occurs within the growth cone and thereby supports axon elongation.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2012 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cheng J, Liu W, Duffney LJ, Yan Z. SNARE proteins are essential in the potentiation of NMDA receptors by group II metabotropic glutamate receptors. J Physiol 2013; 591:3935-47. [PMID: 23774277 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.255075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (group II mGluRs) have emerged as the new drug targets for the treatment of mental disorders like schizophrenia. To understand the potential mechanisms underlying the antipsychotic effects of group II mGluRs, we examined their impact on NMDA receptors (NMDARs), since NMDAR hypofunction has been implicated in schizophrenia. The activation of group II mGluRs caused a significant enhancement of NMDAR currents in cortical pyramidal neurons, which was associated with increased NMDAR surface expression and synaptic localization. We further examined whether these effects of group II mGluRs are through the regulation of NMDAR exocytosis via SNARE proteins, a family of proteins involved in vesicle fusion. We found that the enhancing effect of APDC, a selective agonist of group II mGluRs, on NMDAR currents was abolished when botulinum toxin was delivered into the recorded neurons to disrupt the SNARE complex. Inhibiting the function of two key SNARE proteins, SNAP-25 and syntaxin 4, also eliminated the effect of APDC on NMDAR currents. Moreover, the application of APDC increased the activity of Rab4, a small Rab GTPase mediating fast recycling from early endosomes to the plasma membrane, and enhanced the interaction between syntaxin 4 and Rab4. Knockdown of Rab4 or expression of dominant-negative Rab4 attenuated the effect of APDC on NMDAR currents. Taken together, these results have identified key molecules involved in the group II mGluR-induced potentiation of NMDAR exocytosis and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Paiva-Lima P, Rezende RM, Leite R, Duarte IDG, Bakhle YS, Francischi JN. Crucial involvement of actin filaments in celecoxib and morphine analgesia in a model of inflammatory pain. J Pain Res 2012; 5:535-45. [PMID: 23166451 PMCID: PMC3500925 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s36870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celecoxib exerted analgesic effects (hypoalgesia) reversed by opioid receptor antagonists in a model of inflammatory pain. To analyze this celecoxib-induced hypoalgesia further, we assessed the effects of several disruptors of cytoskeletal components in our model of inflammation. METHODS Hyperalgesia to mechanical stimuli was induced in rat hind paws by intraplantar injection of carrageenan and measured using the Randall-Selitto method over the next 8 hours. The effects of systemic pretreatment with celecoxib and a range of cytoskeletal disruptors (colchicine, nocodazole, cytochalasin B, latrunculin B, acrylamide, each given by intraplantar injection) on carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia were similarly investigated. Morphine and other selective cyclo-oxygenase 1 (SC-560), cyclo-oxygenase 2 (SC-236), and nonselective cyclo-oxygenase (indomethacin) inhibitors were also tested under similar conditions. RESULTS None of the cytoskeletal disruptors affected the peak intensity of carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, and its duration was increased only by nocodazole and colchicine. Pretreatment with celecoxib 30 minutes before carrageenan reversed the hyperalgesia and raised the nociceptive threshold (hypoalgesia). All analgesic effects of celecoxib were blocked by nocodazole, colchicine, cytochalasin B, and latrunculin B. Pretreatment with morphine also induced hypoalgesia in carrageenan-inflamed paws, an effect reversed by colchicine and cytochalasin B. However, the analgesic effects of indomethacin were not reversed by disruption of actin filaments with cytochalasin B or latrunculin B. CONCLUSION These data strengthen the correlation between cytoskeletal structures and the processes of pain and analgesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Paiva-Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Inflammation and Pain, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Rezende
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Inflammation and Pain, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Igor DG Duarte
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Inflammation and Pain, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - YS Bakhle
- Leukocyte Biology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Janetti N Francischi
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Inflammation and Pain, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|