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Schroeter CB, Nelke C, Stascheit F, Huntemann N, Preusse C, Dobelmann V, Theissen L, Pawlitzki M, Räuber S, Willison A, Vogelsang A, Marina AD, Hartung HP, Melzer N, Konen FF, Skripuletz T, Hentschel A, König S, Schweizer M, Stühler K, Poschmann G, Roos A, Stenzel W, Meisel A, Meuth SG, Ruck T. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 is a potential biomarker for disease activity in myasthenia gravis. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:102. [PMID: 38888758 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic antibody-mediated autoimmune disease disrupting neuromuscular synaptic transmission. Informative biomarkers remain an unmet need to stratify patients with active disease requiring intensified monitoring and therapy; their identification is the primary objective of this study. We applied mass spectrometry-based proteomic serum profiling for biomarker discovery. We studied an exploration and a prospective validation cohort consisting of 114 and 140 anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab)-positive myasthenia gravis patients, respectively. For downstream analysis, we applied a machine learning approach. Protein expression levels were confirmed by ELISA and compared to other myasthenic cohorts, in addition to myositis and neuropathy patients. Anti-AChR-Ab levels were determined by a radio receptor assay. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence of intercostal muscle biopsies were employed for validation in addition to interactome studies of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 (ITIH3). Machine learning identified ITIH3 as potential serum biomarker reflective of disease activity. Serum levels correlated with disease activity scores in the exploration and validation cohort and were confirmed by ELISA. Lack of correlation between anti-AChR-Ab levels and clinical scores underlined the need for biomarkers. In a subgroup analysis, ITIH3 was indicative of treatment responses. Immunostaining of muscle specimens from these patients demonstrated ITIH3 localization at the neuromuscular endplates in myasthenia gravis but not in controls, thus providing a structural equivalent for our serological findings. Immunoprecipitation of ITIH3 and subsequent proteomics lead to identification of its interaction partners playing crucial roles in neuromuscular transmission. This study provides data on ITIH3 as a potential pathophysiological-relevant biomarker of disease activity in myasthenia gravis. Future studies are required to facilitate translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina B Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frauke Stascheit
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Huntemann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Corinna Preusse
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Bonhoefferweg 3, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Dobelmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lukas Theissen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Pawlitzki
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Saskia Räuber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alice Willison
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Vogelsang
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adela Della Marina
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, Neuromuscular Centre, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Palacky University Olomouc, Nová Ulice, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nico Melzer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix F Konen
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Skripuletz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Hentschel
- Leibniz-Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - E.V, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Simone König
- Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological Medical Research Center, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Roos
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neuropaediatrics, Neuromuscular Centre, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Bonhoefferweg 3, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Meisel
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Jiang J, Zhao J, Wang Y, Liu D, Zhang M. Urine inter‐alpha‐trypsin inhibitor family‐related proteins may serve as biomarkers for disease activity of lupus. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24622. [PMID: 35870194 PMCID: PMC9459346 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving multiple tissues. Inter‐Alpha‐Trypsin Inhibitor (ITI) family proteins have a role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, but their possible clinical significance in the SLE patients has not been reported. The aim of this study was to analyze and verify the expression of ITI‐related proteins in the urine of SLE patients, further explore the features of these proteins in disease activity. Methods Based on label‐free proteomics technology and bioinformatics technology, we analyzed the expression of ITI family‐related proteins in the urine of lupus. Subsequently, Western‐blot and targeted proteomics were used to qualitatively and quantitatively verify the expression of these proteins, respectively. Results A total of seven ITI family‐related proteins were screened and identified; and six of these proteins were differentially expressed in the urine of SLE patients. Further quantitative analysis showed that the expressions of ITIH2, ECM1, and ITIH5 in urine between active SLE group and stable SLE group were consistent with the preliminary screening results. The expression of ITIH2 and ECM1 in the renal damage group were also consistent with the screening results. Moreover, ITIH2 and ECM1 have a good correlation with disease activity and have a certain correlation with renal damage. Conclusions In this exploratory study, we evaluated the expression of ITI family‐related proteins in the urine of SLE and found that urine ITIH2 and ECM1 were closely related to SLE activity, especially kidney damage, providing an experimental basis for further exploration of the potential roles in monitoring lupus and lupus nephritis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Dan Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China
| | - Man Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics Beijing China
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3
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Tang F, Brune JE, Chang MY, Reeves SR, Altemeier WA, Frevert CW. Defining the Versican Interactome in Lung Health and Disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C249-C276. [PMID: 35649251 PMCID: PMC9291419 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00162.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) imparts critical mechanical and biochemical information to cells in the lungs. Proteoglycans are essential constituents of the ECM and play a crucial role in controlling numerous biological processes, including regulating cellular phenotype and function. Versican, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan required for embryonic development, is almost absent from mature, healthy lungs and is re-expressed and accumulates in acute and chronic lung disease. Studies using genetically engineered mice show that the versican-enriched matrix can be pro- or anti-inflammatory depending on the cellular source or disease process studied. The mechanisms whereby versican develops a contextual ECM remain largely unknown. The primary goal of this review is to provide an overview of the interaction of versican with its many binding partners, the "versican interactome," and how through these interactions, versican is an integrator of complex extracellular information. Hopefully, the information provided in this review will be used to develop future studies to determine how versican and its binding partners can develop contextual ECMs that control select biological processes. While this review focuses on versican and the lungs, what is described can be extended to other proteoglycans, tissues, and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Tang
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jourdan E Brune
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mary Y Chang
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Stephen R Reeves
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - William A Altemeier
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,ivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Center for Lung Biology, the University of Washington at South Lake Union, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,ivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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4
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Garantziotis S. Modulation of hyaluronan signaling as a therapeutic target in human disease. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107993. [PMID: 34587477 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is an active participant, modulator and mediator of the cell, tissue, organ and organismal response to injury. Recent research has highlighted the role of hyaluronan, an abundant glycosaminoglycan constituent of the extracellular matrix, in many fundamental biological processes underpinning homeostasis and disease development. From this basis, emerging studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of strategies which target hyaluronan synthesis, biology and signaling, with significant promise as therapeutics for a variety of inflammatory and immune diseases. This review summarizes the state of the art in this field and discusses challenges and opportunities in what could emerge as a new class of therapeutic agents, that we term "matrix biologics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Garantziotis
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
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5
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Osada A, Matsumoto I, Mikami N, Ohyama A, Kurata I, Kondo Y, Tsuboi H, Ishigami A, Sano Y, Arai T, Ise N, Sumida T. Citrullinated inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 in arthritic joints and its potential effect in the neutrophil migration. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 203:385-399. [PMID: 33238047 PMCID: PMC7874842 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The citrullinated inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (cit-ITIH4) was identified as its blood level was associated with the arthritis score in peptide glucose-6-phosphate-isomerase-induced arthritis (pGIA) mice and the disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to clarify its citrullination pathway and function as related to neutrophils. In pGIA-afflicted joints, ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 levels were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP) and Western blotting (WB), while peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) expression was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), IHC and immunofluorescent methods. The pGIA mice received anti-lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D (Ly6G) antibodies to deplete neutrophils and the expression of cit-ITIH4 was investigated by WB. The amounts of ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 in synovial fluid (SF) from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients were examined by I.P. and W.B. Recombinant ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 were incubated with sera from healthy volunteers before its chemotactic ability and C5a level were evaluated using Boyden's chamber assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). During peak arthritic phase, ITIH4 and cit-ITIH4 were increased in joints while PAD4 was over-expressed, especially in the infiltrating neutrophils of pGIA mice. Levels of cit-ITIH4 in plasma and joints significantly decreased upon neutrophil depletion. ITIH4 was specifically citrullinated in SF from RA patients compared with OA patients. Native ITIH4 inhibited neutrophilic migration and decreased C5a levels, while cit-ITIH4 increased its migration and C5a levels significantly. Cit-ITIH4 is generated mainly in inflamed joints by neutrophils via PAD4. Citrullination of ITIH4 may change its function to up-regulate neutrophilic migration by activating the complement cascade, exacerbating arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Osada
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - I. Matsumoto
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - N. Mikami
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - A. Ohyama
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - I. Kurata
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Y. Kondo
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - H. Tsuboi
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - A. Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute of GerontologyItabashi‐kuJapan
| | - Y. Sano
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences at FujiyoshidaShowa universityFujiyoshidaJapan
| | | | - N. Ise
- Fujirebio IncHachiojiJapan
| | - T. Sumida
- Division of RheumatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
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Canet-Pons J, Sen NE, Arsović A, Almaguer-Mederos LE, Halbach MV, Key J, Döring C, Kerksiek A, Picchiarelli G, Cassel R, René F, Dieterlé S, Fuchs NV, König R, Dupuis L, Lütjohann D, Gispert S, Auburger G. Atxn2-CAG100-KnockIn mouse spinal cord shows progressive TDP43 pathology associated with cholesterol biosynthesis suppression. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 152:105289. [PMID: 33577922 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large polyglutamine expansions in Ataxin-2 (ATXN2) cause multi-system nervous atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 2 (SCA2). Intermediate size expansions carry a risk for selective motor neuron degeneration, known as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Conversely, the depletion of ATXN2 prevents disease progression in ALS. Although ATXN2 interacts directly with RNA, and in ALS pathogenesis there is a crucial role of RNA toxicity, the affected functional pathways remain ill defined. Here, we examined an authentic SCA2 mouse model with Atxn2-CAG100-KnockIn for a first definition of molecular mechanisms in spinal cord pathology. Neurophysiology of lower limbs detected sensory neuropathy rather than motor denervation. Triple immunofluorescence demonstrated cytosolic ATXN2 aggregates sequestrating TDP43 and TIA1 from the nucleus. In immunoblots, this was accompanied by elevated CASP3, RIPK1 and PQBP1 abundance. RT-qPCR showed increase of Grn, Tlr7 and Rnaset2 mRNA versus Eif5a2, Dcp2, Uhmk1 and Kif5a decrease. These SCA2 findings overlap well with known ALS features. Similar to other ataxias and dystonias, decreased mRNA levels for Unc80, Tacr1, Gnal, Ano3, Kcna2, Elovl5 and Cdr1 contrasted with Gpnmb increase. Preterminal stage tissue showed strongly activated microglia containing ATXN2 aggregates, with parallel astrogliosis. Global transcriptome profiles from stages of incipient motor deficit versus preterminal age identified molecules with progressive downregulation, where a cluster of cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes including Dhcr24, Msmo1, Idi1 and Hmgcs1 was prominent. Gas chromatography demonstrated a massive loss of crucial cholesterol precursor metabolites. Overall, the ATXN2 protein aggregation process affects diverse subcellular compartments, in particular stress granules, endoplasmic reticulum and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. These findings identify new targets and potential biomarkers for neuroprotective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Canet-Pons
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nesli-Ece Sen
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Arsović
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Luis-Enrique Almaguer-Mederos
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Center for Investigation and Rehabilitation of Hereditary Ataxias (CIRAH), Holguín, Cuba
| | - Melanie V Halbach
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jana Key
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Claudia Döring
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anja Kerksiek
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Gina Picchiarelli
- UMRS-1118 INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Raphaelle Cassel
- UMRS-1118 INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédérique René
- UMRS-1118 INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Dieterlé
- UMRS-1118 INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nina V Fuchs
- Host-Pathogen Interactions, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Renate König
- Host-Pathogen Interactions, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Luc Dupuis
- UMRS-1118 INSERM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Suzana Gispert
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Auburger
- Experimental Neurology, Medical Faculty, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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7
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Pihl R, Jensen RK, Poulsen EC, Jensen L, Hansen AG, Thøgersen IB, Dobó J, Gál P, Andersen GR, Enghild JJ, Thiel S. ITIH4 acts as a protease inhibitor by a novel inhibitory mechanism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eaba7381. [PMID: 33523981 PMCID: PMC7793589 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Inter-α-inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) is a poorly characterized plasma protein that is proteolytically processed in multiple pathological conditions. However, no biological function of ITIH4 has been identified. Here, we show that ITIH4 is cleaved by several human proteases within a protease-susceptible region, enabling ITIH4 to function as a protease inhibitor. This is exemplified by its inhibition of mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-1 (MASP-1), MASP-2, and plasma kallikrein, which are key proteases for intravascular host defense. Mechanistically, ITIH4 acts as bait that, upon cleavage, forms a noncovalent, inhibitory complex with the executing protease that depends on the ITIH4 von Willebrand factor A domain. ITIH4 inhibits the MASPs by sterically preventing larger protein substrates from accessing their active sites, which remain accessible and fully functional toward small substrates. Thus, we demonstrate that ITIH4 functions as a protease inhibitor by a previously undescribed inhibitory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Pihl
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rasmus K Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Emil C Poulsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Ida B Thøgersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - József Dobó
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Gál
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gregers R Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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8
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Koehn LM, Chen X, Logsdon AF, Lim YP, Stonestreet BS. Novel Neuroprotective Agents to Treat Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9193. [PMID: 33276548 PMCID: PMC7731124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of brain injury and mortality in neonates. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) predisposes infants to long-term cognitive deficits that influence their quality of life and place a large burden on society. The only approved treatment to protect the brain after HI is therapeutic hypothermia, which has limited effectiveness, a narrow therapeutic time window, and is not considered safe for treatment of premature infants. Alternative or adjunctive therapies are needed to improve outcomes of full-term and premature infants after exposure to HI. Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) are immunomodulatory molecules that are proposed to limit the progression of neonatal inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis. Inflammation exacerbates neonatal HIE and suggests that IAIPs could attenuate HI-related brain injury and improve cognitive outcomes associated with HIE. Recent studies have shown that intraperitoneal treatment with IAIPs can decrease neuronal and non-neuronal cell death, attenuate glial responses and leukocyte invasion, and provide long-term behavioral benefits in neonatal rat models of HI-related brain injury. The present review summarizes these findings and outlines the remaining experimental analyses necessary to determine the clinical applicability of this promising neuroprotective treatment for neonatal HI-related brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam M. Koehn
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (L.M.K.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaodi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (L.M.K.); (X.C.)
| | - Aric F. Logsdon
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Barbara S. Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (L.M.K.); (X.C.)
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9
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Lord MS, Melrose J, Day AJ, Whitelock JM. The Inter-α-Trypsin Inhibitor Family: Versatile Molecules in Biology and Pathology. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:907-927. [PMID: 32639183 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420940067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (IαI) family members are ancient and unique molecules that have evolved over several hundred million years of vertebrate evolution. IαI is a complex containing the proteoglycan bikunin to which heavy chain proteins are covalently attached to the chondroitin sulfate chain. Besides its matrix protective activity through protease inhibitory action, IαI family members interact with extracellular matrix molecules and most notably hyaluronan, inhibit complement, and provide cell regulatory functions. Recent evidence for the diverse roles of the IαI family in both biology and pathology is reviewed and gives insight into their pivotal roles in tissue homeostasis. In addition, the clinical uses of these molecules are explored, such as in the treatment of inflammatory conditions including sepsis and Kawasaki disease, which has recently been associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Lord
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern, Sydney University, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research and Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John M Whitelock
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Stem Cell Extracellular Matrix & Glycobiology, Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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10
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Briggs DC, Langford-Smith AWW, Birchenough HL, Jowitt TA, Kielty CM, Enghild JJ, Baldock C, Milner CM, Day AJ. Inter-α-inhibitor heavy chain-1 has an integrin-like 3D structure mediating immune regulatory activities and matrix stabilization during ovulation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5278-5291. [PMID: 32144206 PMCID: PMC7170535 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-α-inhibitor is a proteoglycan essential for mammalian reproduction and also plays a less well-characterized role in inflammation. It comprises two homologous "heavy chains" (HC1 and HC2) covalently attached to chondroitin sulfate on the bikunin core protein. Before ovulation, HCs are transferred onto the polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) to form covalent HC·HA complexes, thereby stabilizing an extracellular matrix around the oocyte required for fertilization. Additionally, such complexes form during inflammatory processes and mediate leukocyte adhesion in the synovial fluids of arthritis patients and protect against sepsis. Here using X-ray crystallography, we show that human HC1 has a structure similar to integrin β-chains, with a von Willebrand factor A domain containing a functional metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) and an associated hybrid domain. A comparison of the WT protein and a variant with an impaired MIDAS (but otherwise structurally identical) by small-angle X-ray scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that HC1 self-associates in a cation-dependent manner, providing a mechanism for HC·HA cross-linking and matrix stabilization. Surprisingly, unlike integrins, HC1 interacted with RGD-containing ligands, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and the latency-associated peptides of transforming growth factor β, in a MIDAS/cation-independent manner. However, HC1 utilizes its MIDAS motif to bind to and inhibit the cleavage of complement C3, and small-angle X-ray scattering-based modeling indicates that this occurs through the inhibition of the alternative pathway C3 convertase. These findings provide detailed structural and functional insights into HC1 as a regulator of innate immunity and further elucidate the role of HC·HA complexes in inflammation and ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Briggs
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander W W Langford-Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Holly L Birchenough
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Jowitt
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Cay M Kielty
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline M Milner
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
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11
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Kim B, De La Monte S, Hovanesian V, Patra A, Chen X, Chen RH, Miller MC, Pinar MH, Lim YP, Stopa EG, Stonestreet BS. Ontogeny of inter-alpha inhibitor protein (IAIP) expression in human brain. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:869-887. [PMID: 31797408 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) are naturally occurring immunomodulatory molecules found in most tissues. We have reported ontogenic changes in the expression of IAIPs in brain during development in sheep and abundant expression of IAIPs in fetal and neonatal rodent brain in a variety of cellular types and brain regions. Although a few studies identified bikunin, light chain of IAIPs, in adult human brain, the presence of the complete endogenous IAIP protein complex has not been reported in human brain. In this study, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of endogenous IAIPs in human cerebral cortex from early in development through the neonatal period and in adults using well-preserved postmortem brains. We examined total, nuclear, and cytoplasmic staining of endogenous IAIPs and their expression in neurofilament light polypeptide-positive neurons and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes. IAIPs were ubiquitously detected for the first time in cerebral cortical cells at 24-26, 27-28, 29-36, and 37-40 weeks of gestation and in adults. Quantitative analyses revealed that IAIPs were predominately localized in the nucleus in all age groups, but cytoplasmic IAIP expression was more abundant in adult than in the younger ages. Immunoreactivity of IAIPs was expressed in neurons and astrocytes in all age groups. In addition, IAIP co-localization with GFAP-positive astrocytes was more abundant in adults than in the developing brain. We conclude that IAIPs exhibit ubiquitous expression, and co-localize with neurons and astrocytes in the developing and adult human brain suggesting a potential role for IAIPs in development and endogenous neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Suzanne De La Monte
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Aparna Patra
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Xiaodi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ray H Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Miles C Miller
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mehmet Halit Pinar
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA.,ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI, USA
| | - Edward G Stopa
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
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12
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Scavenius C, Poulsen EC, Thøgersen IB, Roebuck M, Frostick S, Bou-Gharios G, Yamamoto K, Deleuran B, Enghild JJ. Matrix-degrading protease ADAMTS-5 cleaves inter-α-inhibitor and releases active heavy chain 2 in synovial fluids from arthritic patients. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15495-15504. [PMID: 31484722 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Destruction of the cartilage matrix in joints is an important feature of arthritis. Proteolytic degradation of cartilage glycoproteins can contribute to the loss of matrix integrity. Human inter-α-inhibitor (IαI), which stabilizes the extracellular matrix, is composed of the light-chain serine proteinase inhibitor bikunin and two homologous heavy chains (HC1 and HC2) covalently linked through chondroitin 4-sulfate. Inflammation promotes the transfer of HCs from chondroitin 4-sulfate to hyaluronan by tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 protein (TSG-6). This reaction generates a covalent complex between the heavy chains and hyaluronan that can promote leukocyte invasion. This study demonstrates that both IαI and the HC-hyaluronan complex are substrates for the extracellular matrix proteases ADAMTS-5 and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) -3, -7, and -13. The major cleavage sites for all four proteases are found in the C terminus of HC2. ADAMTS-5 and MMP-7 displayed the highest activity toward HC2. ADAMTS-5 degradation products were identified in mass spectrometric analysis of 29 of 33 arthropathic patients, indicating that ADAMTS-5 cleavage occurs in synovial fluid in arthritis. After cleavage, free HC2, together with TSG-6, is able to catalyze the transfer of heavy chains to hyaluronan. The release of extracellular matrix bound HC2 is likely to increase the mobility of the HC2/TSG-6 catalytic unit and consequently increase the rate of the HC transfer reaction. Ultimately, ADAMTS-5 cleavage of HC2 could alter the physiological and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix and contribute to the progression of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Scavenius
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Ida B Thøgersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Margaret Roebuck
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Frostick
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - George Bou-Gharios
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Bent Deleuran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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13
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Ramos Y, Huerta V, Martín D, Palomares S, Yero A, Pupo D, Gallien S, Martín AM, Pérez-Riverol Y, Sarría M, Guirola O, Chinea G, Domon B, González LJ. An "on-matrix" digestion procedure for AP-MS experiments dissects the interplay between complex-conserved and serotype-specific reactivities in Dengue virus-human plasma interactome. J Proteomics 2019; 193:71-84. [PMID: 28713027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between the four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and plasma proteins are crucial in the initial steps of viral infection to humans. Affinity purification combined with quantitative mass spectrometry analysis, has become one of the most powerful tools for the investigation on novel protein-protein interactions. Using this approach, we report here that a significant number of bait-interacting proteins do not dissociate under standard elution conditions, i.e. acid pH and chaotropic agents, and that this problem can be circumvented by using the "on-matrix" digestion procedure described here. This procedure enabled the identification of 16 human plasma proteins interacting with domain III from the envelope protein of DENV serotypes 1, 3 and 4 that would have not been detected otherwise and increased the known DIIIE interactors in human plasma to 59 proteins. Selected Reaction Monitoring analysis evidenced DENV interactome in human plasma is rather conserved although significant differences on the reactivity of viral serotypes with specific proteins do exist. A comparison between the serotype-dependent profile of reactivity and the conservation pattern of amino acid residues suggests an evolutionary selection of highly conserved interactions with the host and other interactions mediated for surface regions of higher variability. SIGNIFICANCE: False negative results on the identification of interacting proteins in pull-down experiments compromise the subsequent interpretation of results and the formulation of a working hypothesis for the derived future work. In this study we demonstrate the presence of bait-interacting proteins reluctant to dissociate under elution conditions of acid pH and presence of chaotropics. We propose the direct proteolytic digestion of proteins while still bound to the affinity matrix ("on-matrix" digestion) and evaluate the impact of this methodology in the comparative study of the interactome of the four serotypes of Dengue virus mediated by the domain III of the viral envelope glycoprotein. Fifty nine proteins were identified as putative interaction partners of Dengue virus (IPs) either due to direct binding or by co-isolation with interacting proteins. Collectively the IPs identified from the pull-down with the recombinant domain III proteins representing the four viral serotypes, 29% were identified only after "on-matrix" digestion which demonstrate the usefulness of this method of recovering bait-bound proteins. Results highlight a particular importance of "on-matrix" digestion procedure for comparative studies where a stronger interaction with one of the interest baits could prevent a bound protein to elute under standard conditions thus leading to misinterpretation as absent in the interactome of this particular bait. The analysis of the Interaction Network indicates that Dengue virus interactome mediated by the domain III of the envelope protein is rather conserved in the viral complex suggesting a key role of these interactions for viral infection thus making candidates to explore for potential biomarkers of clinical outcome in DENV-caused disease. Interestingly, some particular IPs exhibit significant differences in the strength of the interaction with the viral serotypes representing interactions that involve more variable regions in the surface of the domain III. Since such variable regions are the consequence of the interaction with antibodies generated by human immune response; this result relates the interaction with proteins from human plasma with the interplay of the virus and the human immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassel Ramos
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba.
| | - Vivian Huerta
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | - Dayron Martín
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | | | - Alexis Yero
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | - Dianne Pupo
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Mónica Sarría
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | | | - Glay Chinea
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | - Bruno Domon
- Luxembourg Clinical Proteomics Center, Luxembourg
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14
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Goulding DR, Nikolova VD, Mishra L, Zhuo L, Kimata K, McBride SJ, Moy SS, Harry GJ, Garantziotis S. Inter-α-inhibitor deficiency in the mouse is associated with alterations in anxiety-like behavior, exploration and social approach. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 18:e12505. [PMID: 29987918 PMCID: PMC6328341 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several genome-wide association studies have identified candidate regions for genetic susceptibility in major mood disorders. Most notable are regions in a locus in chromosome 3p21, encompassing the genes NEK4-ITIH1-ITIH3-ITIH4. Three of these genes represent heavy chains of the composite protein inter-α-inhibitor (IαI). In order to further establish associations of these genes with mood disorders, we evaluated behavioral phenotypes in mice deficient in either Ambp/bikunin, which is necessary for functional ITIH1 and ITIH3 complexes, or in Itih4, the gene encoding the heavy chain Itih4. We found that loss of Itih4 had no effect on the behaviors tested, but loss of Ambp/bikunin led to increased anxiety-like behavior in the light/dark and open field tests and reduced exploratory activity in the elevated plus maze, light/dark preference and open field tests. Ambp/bikunin knockout mice also exhibited a sex-dependent exaggeration of acoustic startle responses, alterations in social approach during a three-chamber choice test, and an elevated fear conditioning response. These results provide experimental support for the role of ITIH1/ITIH3 in the development of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Goulding
- Comparative Medicine Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Viktoriya D Nikolova
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities and Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lisheng Zhuo
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center and the Research Creation Support Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Koji Kimata
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center and the Research Creation Support Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | - Sheryl S Moy
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities and Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - G J Harry
- Neurotoxicology Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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15
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16
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Ni K, Gill A, Cao D, Koike K, Schweitzer KS, Garantziotis S, Petrache I. Intravascular heavy chain-modification of hyaluronan during endotoxic shock. Biochem Biophys Rep 2018; 17:114-121. [PMID: 30623115 PMCID: PMC6307094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During inflammation, the covalent linking of the ubiquitous extracellular polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) with the heavy chains (HC) of the serum protein inter alpha inhibitor (IαI) is exclusively mediated by the enzyme tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-stimulated-gene-6 (TSG-6). While significant advances have been made regarding how HC-modified HA (HC-HA) is an important regulator of inflammation, it remains unclear why HC-HA plays a critical role in promoting survival in intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia while exerting only a modest role in the outcomes following intratracheal exposure to LPS. To address this gap, the two models of intraperitoneal LPS-induced endotoxic shock and intratracheal LPS-induced acute lung injury were directly compared in TSG-6 knockout mice and littermate controls. HC-HA formation, endogenous TSG-6 activity, and inflammatory markers were assessed in plasma and lung tissue. TSG-6 knockout mice exhibited accelerated mortality during endotoxic shock. While both intraperitoneal and intratracheal LPS induced HC-HA formation in lung parenchyma, only systemically-induced endotoxemia increased plasma TSG-6 levels and intravascular HC-HA formation. Cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells secreted TSG-6 in response to both TNFα and IL1β stimulation, indicating that, in addition to inflammatory cells, the endothelium may secrete TSG-6 into circulation during systemic inflammation. These data show for the first time that LPS-induced systemic inflammation is uniquely characterized by significant vascular induction of TSG-6 and HC-HA, which may contribute to improved outcomes of endotoxemia. HC-HA deficiency accelerated mortality after IP LPS, but only modestly affected IT LPS outcomes. Both intratracheal (IT) and intraperitoneal (IP) LPS triggered lung HC-HA formation. IP LPS, but not IT LPS instillation induced intravascular TSG-6 and HC-HA. Intravascular HC-HA formation may be protective against LPS-induced injury.
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Key Words
- ALI, acute lung injury
- AM, alveolar macrophage
- CXCL2, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2
- ECM, Extracellular matrix
- Endotoxic shock
- HA, hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan)
- HC, heavy chain (IαI)
- Hyaluronic acid
- Inter-alpha-inhibitor
- IαI, inter-alpha-inhibitor
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- Mega-Da, megaDalton
- PαI, Pre-α-inhibitor
- Serum-derived hyaluronan-associated protein
- TBW, total body weight
- TNFα stimulated gene 6
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α;
- TSG-6, TNFα-stimulated gene-6
- hAM, human alveolar macrophages
- hTSG-6, human TSG-6
- kDa, kiloDalton
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ni
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amar Gill
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Danting Cao
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Kengo Koike
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Kelly S Schweitzer
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | | | - Irina Petrache
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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17
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Kawaguchi H, Matsumoto I, Osada A, Kurata I, Ebe H, Tanaka Y, Inoue A, Umeda N, Kondo Y, Tsuboi H, Shinkai Y, Kumagai Y, Ishigami A, Sumida T. Identification of novel biomarker as citrullinated inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4, specifically increased in sera with experimental and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:66. [PMID: 29636082 PMCID: PMC5894205 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and citrullinated proteins play key roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Many candidate citrullinated antigens have been identified in joints, but citrullinated proteins in sera are mostly uncertain in patients with RA. We explored the expression of citrullinated proteins in joints and sera of experimental arthritis, and we further investigated their specific expression correlated with the disease activity in patients with RA. Methods Citrullinated protein expression in tissues was examined by IHC in peptide glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-induced arthritis (pGIA). Serum citrullinated proteins from pGIA were examined by Western blotting, and the sequence was identified by MS. With the same methods, serum citrullinated proteins were analyzed in patients with RA, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and osteoarthritis as well as in healthy subjects, by Western blotting and MS. In patients with RA, the relationship between the expression of the identified protein (inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 [ITIH4]) and clinical features was evaluated, and the levels of citrullinated ITIH4 were compared before and after biological treatment. The antibody response against citrullinated ITIH4 peptide was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Citrullinated proteins were detected specifically in arthritic joints and sera from pGIA relative to controls. In sera, a common band of citrullinated protein at 120 kDa was revealed, and it fluctuated in parallel with arthritis score of pGIA by Western blotting. Interestingly, in 82% of RA patient sera, similar bands of citrullinated protein were specifically detected. These proteins were identified as citrullinated ITIH4, and especially the R438 site was commonly citrullinated between mice and humans. Citrullinated ITIH4 levels were associated with clinical parameters such as C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor, and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints as measured by CRP in patients with RA. Its levels were decreased in correlation with the reduction of disease activity score after effective treatment in patients with RA. Moreover, antibody response to citrullinated epitope in ITIH4 was specifically observed in patients with RA. Conclusions Our results suggest that serum citrullinated ITIH4 was specifically increased in patients with RA and could be a novel biomarker for assessing disease activity in patients with RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1562-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoshimi Kawaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Isao Matsumoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Atsumu Osada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Izumi Kurata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ebe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Naoto Umeda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuya Kondo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroto Tsuboi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shinkai
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
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18
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Disdier C, Zhang J, Fukunaga Y, Lim YP, Qiu J, Santoso A, Stonestreet BS. Alterations in inter-alpha inhibitor protein expression after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 65:54-60. [PMID: 29079121 PMCID: PMC5837925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is frequently associated with premature and/or full-term birth-related complications that reflect widespread damage to cerebral cortical structures. Inflammation has been implicated in the long-term evolution and severity of HI brain injury. Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins (IAIPs) are immune modulator proteins that are reduced in systemic neonatal inflammatory states. We have shown that endogenous IAIPs are present in neurons, astrocytes and microglia and that exogenous treatment with human plasma purified IAIPs decreases neuronal injury and improves behavioral outcomes in neonatal rats with HI brain injury. In addition, we have shown that endogenous IAIPs are reduced in the brain of the ovine fetus shortly after ischemic injury. However, the effect of HI on changes in circulating and endogenous brain IAIPs has not been examined in neonatal rats. In the current study, we examined changes in endogenous IAIPs in the systemic circulation and brain of neonatal rats after exposure to HI brain injury. Postnatal day 7 rats were exposed to right carotid artery ligation and 8% oxygen for 2h. Sera were obtained immediately, 3, 12, 24, and 48h and brains 3 and 24h after HI. IAIPs levels were determined by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera and by Western immunoblots in cerebral cortices. Serum IAIPs were decreased 3h after HI and remained lower than in non-ischemic rats up to 7days after HI. IAIP expression increased in the ipsilateral cerebral cortices 24h after HI brain injury and in the hypoxic contralateral cortices. However, 3h after hypoxia alone the 250kDa IAIP moiety was reduced in the contralateral cortices. We speculate that changes in endogenous IAIPs levels in blood and brain represent constituents of endogenous anti-inflammatory neuroprotective mechanism(s) after HI in neonatal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Disdier
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Yuki Fukunaga
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Joseph Qiu
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | | | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
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19
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Hyaluronan interactions with innate immunity in lung biology. Matrix Biol 2018; 78-79:84-99. [PMID: 29410190 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Innate immune responses in the lung play a central role in the pathogenesis of lung disease and the maintenance of lung health, and thus it is crucial to understand factors that regulate them. Hyaluronan is ubiquitous in the lung, and its expression is increased following lung injury and in disease states. Furthermore, hyaladherins like inter-α-inhibitor, tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6, pentraxin 3 and versican are also induced and help form a dynamic hyaluronan matrix in injured lung. This review synthesizes present knowledge about the interactions of hyaluronan and its associated hyaladherins with the lung immune system, and the implications of these interactions for lung biology and disease.
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20
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Vogt LM, Talens S, Kwasniewicz E, Scavenius C, Struglics A, Enghild JJ, Saxne T, Blom AM. Activation of Complement by Pigment Epithelium–Derived Factor in Rheumatoid Arthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Gomes CM, de Morais-Zani K, Lu S, Buarque DDS, Braz GRC, Grego KF, Tanaka AS, Tanaka-Azevedo AM. Differential transcript profile of inhibitors with potential anti-venom role in the liver of juvenile and adult Bothrops jararaca snake. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3203. [PMID: 28462021 PMCID: PMC5410159 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Snakes belonging to the Bothrops genus are vastly distributed in Central and South America and are responsible for most cases of reported snake bites in Latin America. The clinical manifestations of the envenomation caused by this genus are due to three major activities—proteolytic, hemorrhagic and coagulant—mediated by metalloproteinases, serine proteinases, phospholipases A2 and other toxic compounds present in snake venom. Interestingly, it was observed that snakes are resistant to the toxic effects of its own and other snake’s venoms. This natural immunity may occur due the absence of toxin target or the presence of molecules in the snake plasma able to neutralize such toxins. Methods In order to identify anti-venom molecules, we construct a cDNA library from the liver of B. jararaca snakes. Moreover, we analyzed the expression profile of four molecules—the already known anti-hemorrhagic factor Bj46a, one gamma-phospholipase A2 inhibitor, one inter-alpha inhibitor and one C1 plasma protease inhibitor—in the liver of juvenile and adult snakes by qPCR. Results The results revealed a 30-fold increase of gamma-phospholipase A2 inhibitor and a minor increase of the inter-alpha inhibitor (5-fold) and of the C1 inhibitor (3-fold) in adults. However, the Bj46a factor seems to be equally transcribed in adults and juveniles. Discussion The results suggest the up-regulation of different inhibitors observed in the adult snakes might be a physiological adaptation to the recurrent contact with their own and even other snake’s venoms throughout its lifespan. This is the first comparative analysis of ontogenetic variation of expression profiles of plasmatic proteins with potential anti-venom activities of the venomous snake B. jararaca. Furthermore, the present data contributes to the understanding of the natural resistance described in these snakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cícera Maria Gomes
- Laboratório de Herpetologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen de Morais-Zani
- Laboratório de Herpetologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephen Lu
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Glória Regina Cardoso Braz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aparecida Sadae Tanaka
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, São Paulo, Brazil.,Escola Paulista de Medicina / Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anita Mitico Tanaka-Azevedo
- Laboratório de Herpetologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Friel NA, de Girolamo L, Gomoll AH, Mowry KC, Vines JB, Farr J. Amniotic Fluid, Cells, and Membrane Application. OPER TECHN SPORT MED 2017. [DOI: 10.1053/j.otsm.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Okrój M, Johansson M, Saxne T, Blom AM, Hesselstrand R. Analysis of complement biomarkers in systemic sclerosis indicates a distinct pattern in scleroderma renal crisis. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:267. [PMID: 27863511 PMCID: PMC5116178 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complement system has been implicated in pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The goal of the present study was to evaluate improved complement biomarkers in SSc. METHODS The presence of C4d, reflecting activation of the classical/lectin pathways, C3bBbP corresponding to activation of the alternative pathway, and soluble terminal complement complexes (all complement pathways), was measured in plasma samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated to clinical parameters. The study included 81 patients with limited cutaneous SSc and 41 with diffuse cutaneous SSc, as well as 47 matched healthy controls and 81 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 22 with psoriatic arthritis and 20 with ankylosing spondylitis. Skin and kidney biopsies of selected patients were stained to detect deposited C3b as a marker of local complement activation. RESULTS Biomarkers of activation of all complement pathways were increased in SSc compared with healthy controls and were similar to those in other rheumatic diseases. When patients with SSc were divided into subgroups, a distinct pattern of complement markers was observed in individuals with scleroderma renal crisis (SRC). By functional assay, we confirmed a significant decrease in complement haemolytic activity in SRC vs. non-SRC patients, indicating complement consumption. Further, we detected glomerular deposits of C3b in some patients with SRC. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that complement activation is an important feature of SRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Okrój
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Street 53, Malmö, S-20502, Sweden.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-MUG, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, 80210, Poland
| | - Martin Johansson
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Clinical Pathology, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms street 59, Malmö, S-20502, Sweden
| | - Tore Saxne
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, S-22185, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Street 53, Malmö, S-20502, Sweden.
| | - Roger Hesselstrand
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, S-22185, Sweden
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24
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Pijuan-Galitó S, Tamm C, Schuster J, Sobol M, Forsberg L, Merry CLR, Annerén C. Human serum-derived protein removes the need for coating in defined human pluripotent stem cell culture. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12170. [PMID: 27405751 PMCID: PMC4947164 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable, scalable and time-efficient culture methods are required to fully realize the clinical and industrial applications of human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells. Here we present a completely defined, xeno-free medium that supports long-term propagation of hPS cells on uncoated tissue culture plastic. The medium consists of the Essential 8 (E8) formulation supplemented with inter-α-inhibitor (IαI), a human serum-derived protein, recently demonstrated to activate key pluripotency pathways in mouse PS cells. IαI efficiently induces attachment and long-term growth of both embryonic and induced hPS cell lines when added as a soluble protein to the medium at seeding. IαI supplementation efficiently supports adaptation of feeder-dependent hPS cells to xeno-free conditions, clonal growth as well as single-cell survival in the absence of Rho-associated kinase inhibitor (ROCKi). This time-efficient and simplified culture method paves the way for large-scale, high-throughput hPS cell culture, and will be valuable for both basic research and commercial applications. Improved culture methods are needed to reliably grow human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) on a large scale. Here, the authors identify a xeno-free medium with a supplement of Inter-α-inhibitor that supports long-term propagation and improved single-cell passaging of hPSCs on uncoated plastic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pijuan-Galitó
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Tamm
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Box 815, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Sobol
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Box 815, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Box 815, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catherine L R Merry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Stem Cell Glycobiology Group, Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering &Modelling Room A59, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK
| | - Cecilia Annerén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB, Björkgatan 30, 751 84 Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Kaur M, Bell T, Salek-Ardakani S, Hussell T. Macrophage adaptation in airway inflammatory resolution. Eur Respir Rev 2016; 24:510-5. [PMID: 26324813 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0030-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and viral infections (exacerbations) are particularly problematic in those with underlying respiratory disease, including post-viral infection, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis. Patients experiencing exacerbations tend to be at the more severe end of the disease spectrum and are often difficult to treat. Most of the unmet medical need remains in this patient group. Airway macrophages are one of the first cell populations to encounter airborne pathogens and, in health, exist in a state of reduced responsiveness due to interactions with the respiratory epithelium and specific factors found in the airway lumen. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β, surfactant proteins and signalling via the CD200 receptor, for example, all raise the threshold above which airway macrophages can be activated. We highlight that following severe respiratory inflammation, the airspace microenvironment does not automatically re-set to baseline and may leave airway macrophages more restrained than they were at the outset. This excessive restraint is mediated in part by the clearance of apoptotic cells and components of extracellular matrix. This implies that one strategy to combat respiratory exacerbations would be to retune airway macrophage responsiveness to allow earlier bacterial recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manminder Kaur
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Manchester University, Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas Bell
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Manchester University, Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - Samira Salek-Ardakani
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Manchester University, Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Manchester University, Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
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26
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Kim DK, Choi H, Nishida H, Oh JY, Gregory C, Lee RH, Yu JM, Watanabe J, An SY, Bartosh TJ, Prockop DJ. Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147553. [PMID: 26793973 PMCID: PMC4721919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications. Experiments and clinical trials with TSG-6, however, have been limited by the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein. We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein. Paradoxically, both cell number and protein production decreased dramatically when the clones were expanded. The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells. In addition, the rhTSG-6 readily self-aggregated. To address these problems, we added to the medium an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis and heparin to compete with the binding of TSG-6 to hyaluronan. Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein. With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium. The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium. We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column. The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium. After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein. The bioactivity of the rhTSG-6 in suppressing inflammation was demonstrated in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ki Kim
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hosoon Choi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hidetaka Nishida
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carl Gregory
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ryang Hwa Lee
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ji Min Yu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Su Yeon An
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Bartosh
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Darwin J. Prockop
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine at Scott and White, Temple, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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27
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Scavenius C, Nikolajsen CL, Stenvang M, Thøgersen IB, Wyrożemski Ł, Wisniewski HG, Otzen DE, Sanggaard KW, Enghild JJ. The Compact and Biologically Relevant Structure of Inter-α-inhibitor Is Maintained by the Chondroitin Sulfate Chain and Divalent Cations. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:4658-70. [PMID: 26728454 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.678748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-α-inhibitor is a proteoglycan of unique structure. The protein consists of three subunits, heavy chain 1, heavy chain 2, and bikunin covalently joined by a chondroitin sulfate chain originating at Ser-10 of bikunin. Inter-α-inhibitor interacts with an inflammation-associated protein, tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein, in the extracellular matrix. This interaction leads to transfer of the heavy chains from the chondroitin sulfate of inter-α-inhibitor to hyaluronan and consequently to matrix stabilization. Divalent cations and heavy chain 2 are essential co-factors in this transfer reaction. In the present study, we have investigated how divalent cations in concert with the chondroitin sulfate chain influence the structure and stability of inter-α-inhibitor. The results showed that Mg(2+) or Mn(2+), but not Ca(2+), induced a conformational change in inter-α-inhibitor as evidenced by a decrease in the Stokes radius and a bikunin chondroitin sulfate-dependent increase of the thermodynamic stability. This structure was shown to be essential for the ability of inter-α-inhibitor to participate in extracellular matrix stabilization. In addition, the data revealed that bikunin was positioned adjacent to both heavy chains and that the two heavy chains also were in close proximity. The chondroitin sulfate chain interacted with all protein components and inter-α-inhibitor dissociated when it was degraded. Conventional purification protocols result in the removal of the Mg(2+) found in plasma and because divalent cations influence the conformation and affect function it is important to consider this when characterizing the biological activity of inter-α-inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Scavenius
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Camilla Lund Nikolajsen
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and
| | - Marcel Stenvang
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and
| | - Ida B Thøgersen
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Łukasz Wyrożemski
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Hans-Georg Wisniewski
- the Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and
| | - Kristian W Sanggaard
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jan J Enghild
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Park, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and
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28
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Huerta V, Ramos Y, Yero A, Pupo D, Martín D, Toledo P, Fleitas N, Gallien S, Martín AM, Márquez GJ, Pérez-Riverol Y, Sarría M, Guirola O, González LJ, Domon B, Chinea G. Novel interactions of domain III from the envelope glycoprotein of dengue 2 virus with human plasma proteins. J Proteomics 2015; 131:205-213. [PMID: 26546555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Blood cells and plasma are important media for the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1-4) spreading into an infected person. Thus, interactions with human plasma proteins are expected to be decisive in the course of the viral infection. Affinity purification followed by MS analysis (AP/MS) was used to isolate and identify plasma-derived proteins capable to interact with a recombinant protein comprising the domain III of the envelope protein of DENV2 (DIIIE2). The elution of the AP potently inhibits DENV2 infection. Twenty-nine proteins were identified using a label-free approach as specifically captured by DIIIE2. Of these, a direct interaction with C reactive protein, thrombin and Inter-alpha-inhibitor complexes was confirmed by ELISA. Results provide further evidence of a significant representation of proteins from complement and coagulation cascades on DENV2 interactome in human plasma and stand out the domain III of the viral envelope protein as participant on these interactions. A functional clustering analysis highlights the presence of three structural motifs among putative DIIIE2-binding proteins: hydroxylation and EGF-like calcium-binding- and Gla domains. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Early cycles of dengue virus replication take place in human blood cells. Thus, the characterization of the interactome of dengue virus proteins in human plasma can lead to the identification of pivotal interactions for the infection that can eventually constitute the target for the development of methods to control dengue virus-caused disease. In this work we identified 29 proteins from human plasma that potentially interact with the envelope protein of dengue 2 virus either directly or through co-complex formation. C reactive protein, thrombin and Inter-alpha-inhibitor complexes were validated as interactors of the domain III of the envelope protein of dengue 2. Results highlight the presence of three structural motifs among putative DIIIE2-binding proteins: hydroxylation and EGF-like calcium-binding- and Gla domains. This finding together with the participation of domain III of the envelope protein on the interactions with human plasma proteins should contribute to a better understanding of dengue virus interactome in human plasma. Such knowledge can contribute to the development of more effective treatments to infected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Huerta
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba.
| | - Yassel Ramos
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | - Alexis Yero
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | - Dianne Pupo
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | - Dayron Martín
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mónica Sarría
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
| | | | | | - Bruno Domon
- Luxembourg Clinical Proteomics Center, Luxembourg
| | - Glay Chinea
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cuba
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30
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Obry A, Hardouin J, Lequerré T, Jarnier F, Boyer O, Fardellone P, Philippe P, Marcelli C, Loët XL, Vittecoq O, Cosette P. Identification of 7 Proteins in Sera of RA Patients with Potential to Predict ETA/MTX Treatment Response. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:1214-24. [PMID: 26379787 PMCID: PMC4568449 DOI: 10.7150/thno.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The recent growth of innovating biologics has opened fascinating avenues for the management of patients. In rheumatoid arthritis, many biologics are currently available, the choice of which being mostly determined empirically. Importantly, a given biologic may not be active in a fraction of patients and may even provoke side effects. Here, we conducted a comparative proteomics study in attempt to identify a predictive theranostic signature of non-response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated by etanercept/methotrexate combination. Methods: A serum sample was collected prior to treatment exposure from a cohort of 22 patients with active RA. A proteomic “label free” approach was then designed to quantitate protein biomarkers using mass spectrometry. To verify these results, a relative quantification followed by an absolute quantification of interesting protein candidates were performed on a second cohort. The criterion of judgment was the response to etanercept/methotrexate combination according to the EULAR criteria assessed at 6 months of treatment. Results: These investigations led to the identification of a set of 12 biomarkers with capacity to predict treatment response. A targeted quantitative analysis allowed to confirm the potential of 7 proteins from the latter combination on a new cohort of 16 patients. Two highly discriminating proteins, PROS and CO7, were further evaluated by ELISA on this second cohort. By combining the concentration threshold of each protein associated to a right classification (responders vs non-responders), the sensitivity and specificity reached 88.9 % and 100 %, respectively. Conclusion: Prior to methotrexate/etanercept treatment, abundance of several sera proteins, notably PROS and CO7, were associated to response status of RA patients 6 month after treatment initiation.
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Threlkeld SW, Gaudet CM, La Rue ME, Dugas E, Hill CA, Lim YP, Stonestreet BS. Effects of inter-alpha inhibitor proteins on neonatal brain injury: Age, task and treatment dependent neurobehavioral outcomes. Exp Neurol 2014; 261:424-33. [PMID: 25084519 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is frequently associated with premature and/or full term birth related complications. HI injury often results in learning and processing deficits that reflect widespread damage to an extensive range of cortical and sub-cortical brain structures. Further, inflammation has been implicated in the long-term progression and severity of HI injury. Recently, inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) have been shown to attenuate inflammation in models of systemic infection. Importantly, preclinical studies of neonatal HI injury and neuroprotection often focus on single time windows of assessment or single behavioral domains. This approach limits translational validity, given evidence for a diverse spectrum of neurobehavioral deficits that may change across developmental windows following neonatal brain injury. Therefore, the aims of this research were to assess the effects of human IAIPs on early neocortical cell death (72h post-insult), adult regional brain volume measurements (cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, corpus callosum) and long-term behavioral outcomes in juvenile (P38-50) and adult (P80+) periods across two independent learning domains (spatial and non-spatial learning), after postnatal day 7 HI injury in rats. Here, for the first time, we show that IAIPs reduce acute neocortical neuronal cell death and improve brain weight outcome 72h following HI injury in the neonatal rat. Further, these longitudinal studies are the first to show age, task and treatment dependent improvements in behavioral outcome for both spatial and non-spatial learning following systemic administration of IAIPs in neonatal HI injured rats. Finally, results also show sparing of brain regions critical for spatial and non-spatial learning in adult animals treated with IAIPs at the time of injury onset. These data support the proposal that inter-alpha inhibitor proteins may serve as novel therapeutics for brain injury associated with premature birth and/or neonatal brain injury and highlight the importance of assessing multiple ages, brain regions and behavioral domains when investigating experimental treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Threlkeld
- Department of Psychology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mount Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI 02904, USA.
| | - Cynthia M Gaudet
- Department of Psychology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mount Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI 02904, USA
| | - Molly E La Rue
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Ethan Dugas
- Department of Psychology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mount Pleasant Ave., Providence, RI 02904, USA
| | - Courtney A Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., East Providence, RI 02914, USA
| | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA
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Petrey AC, de la Motte CA. Hyaluronan, a crucial regulator of inflammation. Front Immunol 2014; 5:101. [PMID: 24653726 PMCID: PMC3949149 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a key role in regulating inflammation. Inflammation is associated with accumulation and turnover of HA polymers by multiple cell types. Increasingly through the years, HA has become recognized as an active participant in inflammatory, angiogenic, fibrotic, and cancer promoting processes. HA and its binding proteins regulate the expression of inflammatory genes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory cytokines, and can attenuate the course of inflammation, providing protection against tissue damage. A growing body of evidence suggests the cell responses are HA molecular weight dependent. HA fragments generated by multiple mechanisms throughout the course of inflammatory pathologies, elicit cellular responses distinct from intact HA. This review focuses on the role of HA in the promotion and resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Petrey
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, OH , USA
| | - Carol A de la Motte
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, OH , USA
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Escudero-Esparza A, Kalchishkova N, Kurbasic E, Jiang WG, Blom AM. The novel complement inhibitor human CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1) protein promotes factor I-mediated degradation of C4b and C3b and inhibits the membrane attack complex assembly. FASEB J 2013; 27:5083-93. [PMID: 23964079 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-230706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1) is a transmembrane protein containing 15 consecutive complement control protein (CCP) domains, which are characteristic for complement inhibitors. We expressed a membrane-bound fragment of human CSMD1 composed of the 15 C-terminal CCP domains and demonstrated that it inhibits deposition of C3b by the classical pathway on the surface of Chinese hamster ovary cells by 70% at 6% serum and of C9 (component of membrane attack complex) by 90% at 1.25% serum. Furthermore, this fragment of CSMD1 served as a cofactor to factor I-mediated degradation of C3b. In all functional assays performed, well-characterized complement inhibitors were used as positive controls, whereas Coxsackie adenovirus receptor, a protein with no effect on complement, was a negative control. Moreover, attenuation of expression in human T47 breast cancer cells that express endogenous CSMD1 significantly increased C3b deposition on these cells by 45% at 8% serum compared with that for the controls. Furthermore, by expressing a soluble 17-21 CCP fragment of CSMD1, we found that CSMD1 inhibits complement by promoting factor I-mediated C4b/C3b degradation and inhibition of MAC assembly at the level of C7. Our results revealed a novel complement inhibitor for the classical and lectin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Escudero-Esparza
- 1Department of Laboratory Medicine Malmö, Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Skåne University Hospital, The Wallenberg Laboratory, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 53, 20502 Malmö, Sweden.
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Happonen KE, Heinegård D, Saxne T, Blom AM. Interactions of the complement system with molecules of extracellular matrix: relevance for joint diseases. Immunobiology 2013; 217:1088-96. [PMID: 22964234 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling disease affecting all structures of the joint. Understanding the pathology behind the development of RA is essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies as well as for developing novel markers to predict disease onset. Several molecules normally hidden within the cartilage tissue are exposed to complement components in the synovial fluid upon cartilage breakdown. Some of these have been shown to activate complement and toll-like receptors, which may enhance an already existing inflammatory response, thereby worsening the course of disease. Other cartilage-resident molecules have in contrast shown to possess complement-inhibitory properties. Knowledge about mechanisms behind pathological complement activation in the joints will hopefully lead to methods which allow us to distinguish patients with pathological complement activation from those where other inflammatory pathways are predominant. This will help to elucidate which patients will benefit from complement inhibitory therapies, which are thought to aid a specific subset of patients or patients at a certain stage of disease. Future challenges are to target the complement inhibition specifically to the joints to minimize systemic complement blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa E Happonen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Wallenberg Laboratory, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Sweden
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Holmquist E, Okroj M, Nodin B, Jirström K, Blom AM. Sushi domain‐containing protein 4 (SUSD4) inhibits complement by disrupting the formation of the classical C3 convertase. FASEB J 2013; 27:2355-66. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-222042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Holmquist
- Department of Laboratory MedicineDivision of Medical Protein ChemistryLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Marcin Okroj
- Department of Laboratory MedicineDivision of Medical Protein ChemistryLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Björn Nodin
- Department of Clinical SciencesDivision of PathologyLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical SciencesDivision of PathologyLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Anna M. Blom
- Department of Laboratory MedicineDivision of Medical Protein ChemistryLund UniversityMalmöSweden
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Ortea I, Roschitzki B, Ovalles JG, Longo JL, de la Torre I, González I, Gómez-Reino JJ, González A. Discovery of serum proteomic biomarkers for prediction of response to infliximab (a monoclonal anti-TNF antibody) treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: An exploratory analysis. J Proteomics 2012; 77:372-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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