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Price DR, Garcia JGN. A Razor's Edge: Vascular Responses to Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:505-529. [PMID: 38345908 PMCID: PMC11259086 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042222-030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Historically considered a metabolically inert cellular layer separating the blood from the underlying tissue, the endothelium is now recognized as a highly dynamic, metabolically active tissue that is critical to organ homeostasis. Under homeostatic conditions, lung endothelial cells (ECs) in healthy subjects are quiescent, promoting vasodilation, platelet disaggregation, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In contrast, lung ECs are essential contributors to the pathobiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as the quiescent endothelium is rapidly and radically altered upon exposure to environmental stressors, infectious pathogens, or endogenous danger signals into an effective and formidable regulator of innate and adaptive immunity. These dramatic perturbations, produced in a tsunami of inflammatory cascade activation, result in paracellular gap formation between lung ECs, sustained lung edema, and multi-organ dysfunction that drives ARDS mortality. The astonishing plasticity of the lung endothelium in negotiating this inflammatory environment and efforts to therapeutically target the aberrant ARDS endothelium are examined in further detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Price
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Center for Inflammation Sciences and Systems Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA;
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2
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Ma SR, Liu JF, Jia R, Deng WW, Jia J. Identification of a Favorable Prognostic Subgroup in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Characterization of ITGB4/PD-L1 high with CD8/PD-1 high. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1014. [PMID: 37371594 DOI: 10.3390/biom13061014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a member of the integrin family, which plays a crucial role in mediating cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Recent studies have demonstrated that ITGB4 is involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis during the development of cancer. However, the role of ITGB4 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. A Multiplex immunohistochemistry (OPAL™, mIHC) assay was employed to stain ITGB4, ALDH1, PD-L1, cytokeratin (CK), CD8 and PD-1 in a human OSCC tissue microarray, containing 26 normal oral epithelium samples, 21 oral epithelium dysplasia samples and 76 OSCC samples. The expression pattern and clinicopathological characteristics of ITGB4 were analyzed and compared with those of PD-1, PD-L1, ALDH1 and CD8. The correlation between subgroups of tumor cells, including ITGB4+PD-L1+ and ITGB4+ALDH1+, and subgroups of T cells, including CD8+ and CD8+PD-1+, was evaluated using two-tailed Pearson's statistics. A Kaplan-Meier curve was built, and a log-rank test was performed to analyze the survival rate of different subgroups. The mIHC staining results show that ITGB4 was mostly expressed in the tumor cells, with a significant increase in the OSCC specimens compared with normal oral epithelium and oral epithelium dysplasia. The paired analysis, conducted between the OSCC tumor tissue and normal paracancer mucosa, confirmed the results. The study further revealed that ITGB4+PD-L1+ cancer cells, but not ITGB4+ALDH1+ cancer cells, were significantly associated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells (positivity p = 0.005, positive number p = 0.03). Additionally, ITGB4+PD-L1+ tumor cells were positively correlated with CD8+PD-1+ T cells (positivity p = 0.02, positive number p = 0.03). Most intriguingly, the subgroup of ITGB4/PD-L1high with CD8/PD-1high displayed the best prognosis compared with the other considered subgroups. The results show that the expression of ITGB4 was increased in OSCC compared with normal oral mucosa. Furthermore, a specific subgroup with high levels of expression of ITGB4/PD-L1 and CD8/PD-1 was found to have a relatively better prognosis compared with the other subgroups. Ultimately, this study sheds light on the potential role of ITGB4 in OSCC and provides a basis for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Rui Ma
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Wei-Wei Deng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jun Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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3
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Modvig S, Jeyakumar J, Marquart HV, Christensen C. Integrins and the Metastasis-like Dissemination of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia to the Central Nervous System. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092504. [PMID: 37173970 PMCID: PMC10177281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) disseminates with high prevalence to the central nervous system (CNS) in a process resembling aspects of the CNS surveillance of normal immune cells as well as aspects of brain metastasis from solid cancers. Importantly, inside the CNS, the ALL blasts are typically confined within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled cavities of the subarachnoid space, which they use as a sanctuary protected from both chemotherapy and immune cells. At present, high cumulative doses of intrathecal chemotherapy are administered to patients, but this is associated with neurotoxicity and CNS relapse still occurs. Thus, it is imperative to identify markers and novel therapy targets specific to CNS ALL. Integrins represent a family of adhesion molecules involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, implicated in the adhesion and migration of metastatic cancer cells, normal immune cells, and leukemic blasts. The ability of integrins to also facilitate cell-adhesion mediated drug resistance, combined with recent discoveries of integrin-dependent routes of leukemic cells into the CNS, have sparked a renewed interest in integrins as markers and therapeutic targets in CNS leukemia. Here, we review the roles of integrins in CNS surveillance by normal lymphocytes, dissemination to the CNS by ALL cells, and brain metastasis from solid cancers. Furthermore, we discuss whether ALL dissemination to the CNS abides by known hallmarks of metastasis, and the potential roles of integrins in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Modvig
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jenani Jeyakumar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Christensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Hino N, Matsuda K, Jikko Y, Maryu G, Sakai K, Imamura R, Tsukiji S, Aoki K, Terai K, Hirashima T, Trepat X, Matsuda M. A feedback loop between lamellipodial extension and HGF-ERK signaling specifies leader cells during collective cell migration. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2290-2304.e7. [PMID: 36174555 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Upon the initiation of collective cell migration, the cells at the free edge are specified as leader cells; however, the mechanism underlying the leader cell specification remains elusive. Here, we show that lamellipodial extension after the release from mechanical confinement causes sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation and underlies the leader cell specification. Live-imaging of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and mouse epidermis through the use of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors showed that leader cells exhibit sustained ERK activation in a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-dependent manner. Meanwhile, follower cells exhibit oscillatory ERK activation waves in an epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling-dependent manner. Lamellipodial extension at the free edge increases the cellular sensitivity to HGF. The HGF-dependent ERK activation, in turn, promotes lamellipodial extension, thereby forming a positive feedback loop between cell extension and ERK activation and specifying the cells at the free edge as the leader cells. Our findings show that the integration of physical and biochemical cues underlies the leader cell specification during collective cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Hino
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Kimiya Matsuda
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Jikko
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Gembu Maryu
- Division of Quantitative Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Katsuya Sakai
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; WPI-Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryu Imamura
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; WPI-Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shinya Tsukiji
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Division of Quantitative Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Quantitative Biology Research Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan; Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kenta Terai
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirashima
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Presto, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michiyuki Matsuda
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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5
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Ning J, Wang X, Li N, Cui X, Li N, Zhao B, Miao J, Lin Z. ZBM-H-induced activation of GRP78 ATPase promotes apoptosis via annexin A7 in A549 lung cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:798-806. [PMID: 35118704 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an essential signal for the regulation of cancer cell fate, including autophagy and apoptosis. HOCl regulated autophagy by affecting the oxidation modification of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and the activity of GRP78 ATPase. The mechanism of GRP78 ATPase in cell apoptosis has however not yet been clarified. Here we reported that ZBM-H, as a probe of HOCl, was able to directly bind to GRP78 in the presence or absence of ATP. Following ZBM-H treatment, the interaction between GRP78 and annexin A7 (ANXA7) was promoted, and this was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of integrin β4 (ITGB4). In addition, ZBM-H enhanced the phosphorylation of ANXA7. ABO, an inhibitor of ANXA7, inhibited ZBM-H-induced ITGB4 phosphorylation and apoptosis, while ANXA7 activator SEC had opposite effect. Collectively, these data provide new evidence for the mechanism by which ZBM-H-induced activation of GRP78 ATPase regulates apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ning
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaotan Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaomin Lin
- Central Research Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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6
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Stanislovas J, Kermorgant S. c-Met-integrin cooperation: Mechanisms, tumorigenic effects, and therapeutic relevance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:994528. [PMID: 36330337 PMCID: PMC9624249 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.994528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Met is a receptor tyrosine kinase which upon activation by its ligand, the hepatocyte growth factor, mediates many important signalling pathways that regulate cellular functions such as survival, proliferation, and migration. Its oncogenic and tumorigenic signalling mechanisms, greatly contributing to cancer development and progression, are well documented. Integrins, heterogeneous adhesion receptors which facilitate cell-extracellular matrix interactions, are important in biomechanically sensitive cell adhesion and motility but also modulate diverse cell behaviour. Here we review the studies which reported cooperation between c-Met and several integrins, particularly β1 and β4, in various cell models including many tumour cell types. From the various experimental models and results analysed, we propose that c-Met-integrin cooperation occurs via inside-out or outside-in signalling. Thus, either c-Met activation triggers integrin activation and cell adhesion or integrin adhesion to its extracellular ligand triggers c-Met activation. These two modes of cooperation require the adhesive function of integrins and mostly lead to cell migration and invasion. In a third, less conventional, mode of cooperation, the integrin plays the role of a signalling adaptor for c-Met, independently from its adhesive property, leading to anchorage independent survival. Recent studies have revealed the influence of endocytic trafficking in c-Met-integrin cooperation including the adaptor function of integrin occurring on endomembranes, triggering an inside-in signalling, believed to promote survival of metastatic cells. We present the evidence of the cooperation in vivo and in human tissues and highlight its therapeutic relevance. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating c-Met-integrin cooperation in cancer progression could lead to the design of new therapies targeting this cooperation, providing more effective therapeutic approaches than c-Met or integrin inhibitors as monotherapies used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justas Stanislovas
- Spatial Signalling Group, John Vane Science Centre, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphanie Kermorgant
- Spatial Signalling Group, John Vane Science Centre, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Yang H, Xu Z, Peng Y, Wang J, Xiang Y. Integrin β4 as a Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tumor Marker. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081197. [PMID: 34439865 PMCID: PMC8394641 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin β4 (ITGβ4) is a class of transmembrane adhesion molecules composed of hemidesmosomes (HDs). Its unique long intracellular domain provides intricate signal transduction functions. These signal transduction effects are especially prominent in tumors. Many recent studies have shown that integrin β4 is differentially expressed in various tumors, and it plays a vital role in tumor invasion, proliferation, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Therefore, we categorize the research related to integrin β4, starting from its structure and function in tumor tissues, and provide a basic description. Based on its structure and function, we believe that integrin β4 can be used as a tumor marker. In clinical practice, it is described as a diagnostic marker for the targeted treatment of cancer and will be helpful in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (H.Y.); (Z.X.); (Y.P.)
| | - Zixuan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (H.Y.); (Z.X.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yuqian Peng
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (H.Y.); (Z.X.); (Y.P.)
| | - Jiali Wang
- Xiang Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+86-139-7312-8943
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8
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Ziegler AC, Gräler MH. Barrier maintenance by S1P during inflammation and sepsis. Tissue Barriers 2021; 9:1940069. [PMID: 34152926 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1940069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a multifaceted lipid signaling molecule that activates five specific G protein-coupled S1P receptors. Despite the fact that S1P is known as one of the strongest barrier-enhancing molecules for two decades, no medical application is available yet. The reason for this lack of translation into clinical practice may be the complex regulatory network of S1P signaling, metabolism and transportation.In this review, we will provide an overview about the physiology and the network of S1P signaling with the focus on endothelial barrier maintenance in inflammation. We briefly describe the physiological role of S1P and the underlying S1P signaling in barrier maintenance, outline differences of S1P signaling and metabolism in inflammatory diseases, discuss potential targets and compounds for medical intervention, and summarize our current knowledge regarding the role of S1P in the maintenance of specialized barriers like the blood-brain barrier and the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke C Ziegler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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9
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D'Aprile C, Prioni S, Mauri L, Prinetti A, Grassi S. Lipid rafts as platforms for sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism and signalling. Cell Signal 2021; 80:109929. [PMID: 33493577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous segregation of cholesterol and sphingolipids as a liquid-ordered phase leads to their clustering in selected membrane areas, the lipid rafts. These specialized membrane domains enriched in gangliosides, sphingomyelin, cholesterol and selected proteins involved in signal transduction, organize and determine the function of multiprotein complexes involved in several aspects of signal transduction, thus regulating cell homeostasis. Sphingosine 1-phosphate, an important biologically active mediator, is involved in several signal transduction processes regulating a plethora of cell functions and, not only several of its downstream effectors tend to localize in lipid rafts, some of the enzymes involved in its pathway, of receptors involved in its signalling and its transporters have been often found in these membrane microdomains. Considering this, in this review we address what is currently known regarding the relationship between sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism and signalling and plasma membrane lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara D'Aprile
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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10
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Raimondo D, Remoli C, Astrologo L, Burla R, La Torre M, Vernì F, Tagliafico E, Corsi A, Del Giudice S, Persichetti A, Giannicola G, Robey PG, Riminucci M, Saggio I. Changes in gene expression in human skeletal stem cells transduced with constitutively active Gsα correlates with hallmark histopathological changes seen in fibrous dysplastic bone. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227279. [PMID: 31999703 PMCID: PMC6991960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone is a complex disease of the skeleton caused by dominant activating mutations of the GNAS locus encoding for the α subunit of the G protein-coupled receptor complex (Gsα). The mutation involves a substitution of arginine at position 201 by histidine or cysteine (GsαR201H or R201C), which leads to overproduction of cAMP. Several signaling pathways are implicated downstream of excess cAMP in the manifestation of disease. However, the pathogenesis of FD remains largely unknown. The overall FD phenotype can be attributed to alterations of skeletal stem/progenitor cells which normally develop into osteogenic or adipogenic cells (in cis), and are also known to provide support to angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, and osteoclastogenesis (in trans). In order to dissect the molecular pathways rooted in skeletal stem/progenitor cells by FD mutations, we engineered human skeletal stem/progenitor cells with the GsαR201C mutation and performed transcriptomic analysis. Our data suggest that this FD mutation profoundly alters the properties of skeletal stem/progenitor cells by pushing them towards formation of disorganized bone with a concomitant alteration of adipogenic differentiation. In addition, the mutation creates an altered in trans environment that induces neovascularization, cytokine/chemokine changes and osteoclastogenesis. In silico comparison of our data with the signature of FD craniofacial samples highlighted common traits, such as the upregulation of ADAM (A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease) proteins and other matrix-related factors, and of PDE7B (Phosphodiesterase 7B), which can be considered as a buffering process, activated to compensate for excess cAMP. We also observed high levels of CEBPs (CCAAT-Enhancer Binding Proteins) in both data sets, factors related to browning of white fat. This is the first analysis of the reaction of human skeletal stem/progenitor cells to the introduction of the FD mutation and we believe it provides a useful background for further studies on the molecular basis of the disease and for the identification of novel potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Raimondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Remoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Astrologo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Burla
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia La Torre
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Del Giudice
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Persichetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannicola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela G. Robey
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail: (IS); (MR)
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- * E-mail: (IS); (MR)
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11
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Tjakra M, Wang Y, Vania V, Hou Z, Durkan C, Wang N, Wang G. Overview of Crosstalk Between Multiple Factor of Transcytosis in Blood Brain Barrier. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1436. [PMID: 32038141 PMCID: PMC6990130 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood brain barrier (BBB) conserves unique regulatory system to maintain barrier tightness while allowing adequate transport between neurovascular units. This mechanism possess a challenge for drug delivery, while abnormality may result in pathogenesis. Communication between vascular and neural system is mediated through paracellular and transcellular (transcytosis) pathway. Transcytosis itself showed dependency with various components, focusing on caveolae-mediated. Among several factors, intense communication between endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes is the key for a normal development. Regulatory signaling pathway such as VEGF, Notch, S1P, PDGFβ, Ang/Tie, and TGF-β showed interaction with the transcytosis steps. Recent discoveries showed exploration of various factors which has been proven to interact with one of the process of transcytosis, either endocytosis, endosomal rearrangement, or exocytosis. As well as providing a hypothetical regulatory pathway between each factors, specifically miRNA, mechanical stress, various cytokines, physicochemical, basement membrane and junctions remodeling, and crosstalk between developmental regulatory pathways. Finally, various hypotheses and probable crosstalk between each factors will be expressed, to point out relevant research application (Drug therapy design and BBB-on-a-chip) and unexplored terrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tjakra
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yeqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Vicki Vania
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengjun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Colm Durkan
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nan Wang
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Ruan S, Lin M, Zhu Y, Lum L, Thakur A, Jin R, Shao W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Huang S, Hurt EM, Chang AE, Wicha MS, Li Q. Integrin β4-Targeted Cancer Immunotherapies Inhibit Tumor Growth and Decrease Metastasis. Cancer Res 2019; 80:771-783. [PMID: 31843981 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Integrin β4 (ITGB4) has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSC). Immune targeting of ITGB4 represents a novel approach to target this cell population, with potential clinical benefit. We developed two immunologic strategies to target ITGB4: ITGB4 protein-pulsed dendritic cells (ITGB4-DC) for vaccination and adoptive transfer of anti-CD3/anti-ITGB4 bispecific antibody (ITGB4 BiAb)-armed tumor-draining lymph node T cells. Two immunocompetent mouse models were utilized to assess the efficacy of these immunotherapies in targeting both CSCs and bulk tumor populations: 4T1 mammary tumors and SCC7 head and neck squamous carcinoma cell line. Immunologic targeting of ITGB4 utilizing either ITGB4-DC or ITGB4 BiAb-T cells significantly inhibited local tumor growth and metastases in both the 4T1 and SCC7 tumor models. Furthermore, the efficacy of both of these ITGB4-targeted immunotherapies was significantly enhanced by the addition of anti-PD-L1. Both ITGB4-targeted immunotherapies induced endogenous T-cell cytotoxicity directed at CSCs as well as non-CSCs, which expressed ITGB4, and immune plasma-mediated killing of CSCs. As a result, ITGB4-targeted immunotherapy reduced not only the number of ITGB4high CSCs in residual 4T1 and SCC7 tumors but also their tumor-initiating capacity in secondary mouse implants. In addition, treated mice demonstrated no apparent toxicity. The specificity of these treatments was demonstrated by the lack of effects observed using ITGB4 knockout 4T1 or ITGB4-negative CT26 colon carcinoma cells. Because ITGB4 is expressed by CSCs across a variety of tumor types, these results support immunologic targeting of ITGB4 as a promising therapeutic strategy.Significance: This study identifies a novel mechanism of resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy mediated by HPV E5, which can be exploited using the HPV E5 inhibitor rimantadine to improve outcomes for head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Ruan
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Lin
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Guangzhou Improve Medical Instruments Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lawrence Lum
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Archana Thakur
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Runming Jin
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenlong Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shiang Huang
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Alfred E Chang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Max S Wicha
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Qiao Li
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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13
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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P)/ S1P Receptor Signaling and Mechanotransduction: Implications for Intrinsic Tissue Repair/Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225545. [PMID: 31703256 PMCID: PMC6888058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage, irrespective from the underlying etiology, destroys tissue structure and, eventually, function. In attempt to achieve a morpho-functional recover of the damaged tissue, reparative/regenerative processes start in those tissues endowed with regenerative potential, mainly mediated by activated resident stem cells. These cells reside in a specialized niche that includes different components, cells and surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM), which, reciprocally interacting with stem cells, direct their cell behavior. Evidence suggests that ECM stiffness represents an instructive signal for the activation of stem cells sensing it by various mechanosensors, able to transduce mechanical cues into gene/protein expression responses. The actin cytoskeleton network dynamic acts as key mechanotransducer of ECM signal. The identification of signaling pathways influencing stem cell mechanobiology may offer therapeutic perspectives in the regenerative medicine field. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling, acting as modulator of ECM, ECM-cytoskeleton linking proteins and cytoskeleton dynamics appears a promising candidate. This review focuses on the current knowledge on the contribution of S1P/S1PR signaling in the control of mechanotransduction in stem/progenitor cells. The potential contribution of S1P/S1PR signaling in the mechanobiology of skeletal muscle stem cells will be argued based on the intriguing findings on S1P/S1PR action in this mechanically dynamic tissue.
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14
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Abstract
The pulmonary endothelial cell forms a critical semi-permeable barrier between the vascular and interstitial space. As part of the blood-gas barrier in the lung, the endothelium plays a key role in normal physiologic function and pathologic disease. Changes in endothelial cell shape, defined by its plasma membrane, determine barrier integrity. A number of key cytoskeletal regulatory and effector proteins including non-muscle myosin light chain kinase, cortactin, and Arp 2/3 mediate actin rearrangements to form cortical and membrane associated structures in response to barrier enhancing stimuli. These actin formations support and interact with junctional complexes and exert forces to protrude the lipid membrane to and close gaps between individual cells. The current knowledge of these cytoskeletal processes and regulatory proteins are the subject of this review. In addition, we explore novel advancements in cellular imaging that are poised to shed light on the complex nature of pulmonary endothelial permeability.
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15
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Fu P, Shaaya M, Harijith A, Jacobson JR, Karginov A, Natarajan V. Sphingolipids Signaling in Lamellipodia Formation and Enhancement of Endothelial Barrier Function. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2018; 82:1-31. [PMID: 30360778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, first described in the brain in 1884, are important structural components of biological membranes of all eukaryotic cells. In recent years, several lines of evidence support the critical role of sphingolipids such as sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and ceramide as anti- or pro-inflammatory bioactive lipid mediators in a variety of human pathologies including pulmonary and vascular disorders. Among the sphingolipids, S1P is a naturally occurring agonist that exhibits potent barrier enhancing property in the endothelium by signaling via G protein-coupled S1P1 receptor. S1P, S1P analogs, and other barrier enhancing agents such as HGF, oxidized phospholipids, and statins also utilize the S1P/S1P1 signaling pathway to generate membrane protrusions or lamellipodia, which have been implicated in resealing of endothelial gaps and maintenance of barrier integrity. A better understanding of sphingolipids mediated regulation of lamellipodia formation and barrier enhancement of the endothelium will be critical for the development of sphingolipid-based therapies to alleviate pulmonary disorders such as sepsis-, radiation-, and mechanical ventilation-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark Shaaya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrei Karginov
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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16
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Thewke DP, Kou J, Fulmer ML, Xie Q. The HGF/MET Signaling and Therapeutics in Cancer. CURRENT HUMAN CELL RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7296-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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A small molecule induces integrin β4 nuclear translocation and apoptosis selectively in cancer cells with high expression of integrin β4. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16282-96. [PMID: 26918348 PMCID: PMC4941314 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased integrin β4 (ITGB4) level is accompanied by malignant progression of multiple carcinomas. However, selective therapeutic strategies against cancer cells expressing a high level of ITGB4 have not been reported. Here, for the first time, we report that a chiral small molecule, SEC, selectively promotes apoptosis in cancer cells expressing a high level of ITGB4 by inducing ITGB4 nuclear translocation. Nuclear ITGB4 can bind to the ATF3 promoter region and activate the expression of ATF3, then upregulate the downstream pro-apoptosis genes. Furthermore, SEC promoted the binding of annexin A7 (ANXA7) to ITGB4 and increased ANXA7 GTPase activity. Activated ANXA7 promoted ITGB4 nuclear translocation by triggering ITGB4 phosphorylation at Y1494. SEC also inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in the avian embryo model. We identified a small molecule, SEC, with selective pro-apoptosis effects on cancer cells with high expression of ITGB4, both in vitro and in vivo, by triggering the binding of ITGB4 and ANXA7, ITGB4 nuclear trafficking, and pro-apoptosis gene expression.
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18
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bFGF Protects Against Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Endothelial Monolayer Permeability via S1PR1-Dependent Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3131-3142. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Sun X, Mathew B, Sammani S, Jacobson JR, Garcia JGN. Simvastatin-induced sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 expression is KLF2-dependent in human lung endothelial cells. Pulm Circ 2017; 7:117-125. [PMID: 28680571 PMCID: PMC5448536 DOI: 10.1177/2045893217701162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated that simvastatin and sphingosine 1−phosphate (S1P) both attenuate increased vascular permeability in preclinical models of acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. As Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) serves as a critical regulator for cellular stress response in endothelial cells (EC), we hypothesized that simvastatin enhances endothelial barrier function via increasing expression of the barrier-promoting S1P receptor, S1PR1, via a KLF2-dependent mechanism. S1PR1 luciferase reporter promoter activity in human lung artery EC (HPAEC) was tested after simvastatin (5 μM), and S1PR1 and KLF2 protein expression detected by immunoblotting. In vivo, transcription and expression of S1PR1 and KLF2 in mice lungs were detected by microarray profiling and immunoblotting after exposure to simvastatin (10 mg/kg). Endothelial barrier function was measured by trans-endothelial electrical resistance with the S1PR1 agonist FTY720-(S)-phosphonate. Both S1PR1 and KLF2 gene expression (mRNA, protein) were significantly increased by simvastatin in vitro and in vivo. S1PR1 promoter activity was significantly increased by simvastatin (P < 0.05), which was significantly attenuated by KLF2 silencing (siRNA). Simvastatin induced KLF2 recruitment to the S1PR1 promoter, and consequently, significantly augmented the effects of the S1PR1 agonist on EC barrier enhancement (P < 0.05), which was significantly attenuated by KLF2 silencing (P < 0.05). These results suggest that simvastatin upregulates S1PR1 transcription and expression via the transcription factor KLF2, and consequently augments the effects of S1PR1 agonists on preserving vascular barrier integrity. These results may lead to novel combinatorial therapeutic strategies for lung inflammatory syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Biji Mathew
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep & Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
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20
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Fu P, Ebenezer DL, Berdyshev EV, Bronova IA, Shaaya M, Harijith A, Natarajan V. Role of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and S1P Transporter Spns2 in HGF-mediated Lamellipodia Formation in Lung Endothelium. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27187-27203. [PMID: 27864331 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.758946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling via c-Met is known to promote endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis. We have previously reported that HGF stimulates lamellipodia formation and motility of human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) via PI3K/Akt signal transduction and reactive oxygen species generation. Here, we report a role for HGF-induced intracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) generation catalyzed by sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), S1P transporter, spinster homolog 2 (Spns2), and S1P receptor, S1P1, in lamellipodia formation and perhaps motility of HLMVECs. HGF stimulated SphK1 phosphorylation and enhanced intracellular S1P levels in HLMVECs, which was blocked by inhibition of SphK1. HGF enhanced co-localization of SphK1/p-SphK1 with actin/cortactin in lamellipodia and down-regulation or inhibition of SphK1 attenuated HGF-induced lamellipodia formation in HLMVECs. In addition, down-regulation of Spns2 also suppressed HGF-induced lamellipodia formation, suggesting a key role for inside-out S1P signaling. The HGF-mediated phosphorylation of SphK1 and its localization in lamellipodia was dependent on c-Met and ERK1/2 signaling, but not the PI3K/Akt pathway; however, blocking PI3K/Akt signaling attenuated HGF-mediated phosphorylation of Spns2. Down-regulation of S1P1, but not S1P2 or S1P3, with specific siRNA attenuated HGF-induced lamellipodia formation. Further, HGF enhanced association of Spns2 with S1P1 that was blocked by inhibiting SphK1 activity with PF-543. Moreover, HGF-induced migration of HLMVECs was attenuated by down-regulation of Spns2. Taken together, these results suggest that HGF/c-Met-mediated lamellipodia formation, and perhaps motility is dependent on intracellular generation of S1P via activation and localization of SphK1 to cell periphery and Spns2-mediated extracellular transportation of S1P and its inside-out signaling via S1P1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evgeny V Berdyshev
- the Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | - Irina A Bronova
- the Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206
| | | | | | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- From the Departments of Pharmacology, .,Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612 and
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21
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Zhu L, Fang L. AIBP: A Novel Molecule at the Interface of Cholesterol Transport, Angiogenesis, and Atherosclerosis. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2016; 11:160-5. [PMID: 26634023 DOI: 10.14797/mdcj-11-3-160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, which is often driven by hypercholesterolemia and subsequent coronary atherosclerosis, is the number-one cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Based on long-term epidemiological studies, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is responsible for cholesterol removal from the peripheral tissues and return to the liver for final elimination.1 In atherosclerosis, intraplaque angiogenesis promotes plaque growth and increases plaque vulnerability. Conceivably, the acceleration of RCT and disruption of intraplaque angiogenesis would inhibit atherosclerosis and reduce CAD. We have identified a protein called apoA-I binding protein (AIBP) that augments HDL functionality by accelerating cholesterol efflux. Furthermore, AIBP inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 activation in endothelial cells and limits angiogenesis.2 The following discusses the prospect of using AIBP as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Zhu
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Longhou Fang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
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22
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Jung M, Ören B, Mora J, Mertens C, Dziumbla S, Popp R, Weigert A, Grossmann N, Fleming I, Brüne B. Lipocalin 2 from macrophages stimulated by tumor cell-derived sphingosine 1-phosphate promotes lymphangiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra64. [PMID: 27353364 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cell-derived factors skew macrophages toward a tumor-supporting phenotype associated with the secretion of protumorigenic mediators. Apoptosing tumor cells release sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), which stimulates the production of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in tumor-associated macrophages and is associated with tumor metastasis. We explored the mechanism by which S1P induces LCN2 in macrophages and investigated how this contributed to tumor growth and metastasis. Knockdown of S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) in primary human macrophages and experiments with bone marrow-derived macrophages from S1PR1-deficient mice showed that S1P signaled through S1PR1 to induce LCN2 expression. The LCN2 promoter contains a consensus sequence for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and deletion of the STAT3 recognition sequence reduced expression of an LCN2-controlled reporter gene. Conditioned medium from coculture experiments indicated that the release of LCN2 from macrophages induced tube formation and proliferation in cultures of primary human lymphatic endothelial cells in a manner dependent on the kinase PI3K and subsequent induction of the growth factor VEGFC, which functioned as an autocrine signal stimulating the receptor VEGFR3. Knockout of Lcn2 attenuated tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and breast tumor metastasis both in the breast cancer model MMTV-PyMT mice and in mice bearing orthotopic wild-type tumors. Our findings indicate that macrophages respond to dying tumor cells by producing signals that promote lymphangiogenesis, which enables metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Jung
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bilge Ören
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Javier Mora
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Christina Mertens
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sarah Dziumbla
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Popp
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nina Grossmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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23
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Jin L, Liu WR, Tian MX, Fan J, Shi YH. The SphKs/S1P/S1PR1 axis in immunity and cancer: more ore to be mined. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:131. [PMID: 27129720 PMCID: PMC4850705 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, huge amounts of research were launched to understand the functions of sphingosine. Many pathways were uncovered that convey the relative functions of biomacromolecules. In this review, we discuss the recent advances of the role of the SphKs/S1P/S1PR1 axis in immunity and cancer. Finally, we investigate the therapeutic potential of new drugs that target S1P signaling in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Meng-Xin Tian
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 180 FengLin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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24
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Role of Integrin β4 in Lung Endothelial Cell Inflammatory Responses to Mechanical Stress. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16529. [PMID: 26572585 PMCID: PMC4647208 DOI: 10.1038/srep16529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has lung vascular-protective effects that are associated with decreased agonist-induced integrin β4 (ITGB4) tyrosine phosphorylation. Accordingly, we hypothesized that endothelial cell (EC) protection by simvastatin is dependent on these effects and sought to further characterize the functional role of ITGB4 as a mediator of EC protection in the setting of excessive mechanical stretch at levels relevant to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Initially, early ITGB4 tyrosine phosphorylation was confirmed in human pulmonary artery EC subjected to excessive cyclic stretch (18% CS). EC overexpression of mutant ITGB4 with specific tyrosines mutated to phenylalanine (Y1440, Y1526 Y1640, or Y1422) resulted in significantly attenuated CS-induced cytokine expression (IL6, IL-8, MCP-1, and RANTES). In addition, EC overexpression of ITGB4 constructs with specific structural deletions also resulted in significantly attenuated CS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression compared to overexpression of wildtype ITGB4. Finally, mice expressing a mutant ITGB4 lacking a cytoplasmic signaling domain were found to have attenuated lung injury after VILI-challenge (VT = 40 ml/kg, 4 h). Our results provide mechanistic insights into the anti-inflammatory properties of statins and may ultimately lead to novel strategies targeted at ITGB4 signaling to treat VILI.
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25
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Extracellular Vesicles from Caveolin-Enriched Microdomains Regulate Hyaluronan-Mediated Sustained Vascular Integrity. Int J Cell Biol 2015; 2015:481493. [PMID: 26447809 PMCID: PMC4581561 DOI: 10.1155/2015/481493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in vascular integrity are an initiating factor in several disease processes. We have previously reported that high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA), a major glycosaminoglycan in the body, promotes rapid signal transduction in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVEC) leading to barrier enhancement. In contrast, low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA), produced in disease states by hyaluronidases and reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces HPMVEC barrier disruption. However, the mechanism(s) of sustained barrier regulation by HA are poorly defined. Our results indicate that long-term (6–24 hours) exposure of HMW-HA induced release of a novel type of extracellular vesicle from HLMVEC called enlargeosomes (characterized by AHNAK expression) while LMW-HA long-term exposure promoted release of exosomes (characterized by CD9, CD63, and CD81 expression). These effects were blocked by inhibiting caveolin-enriched microdomain (CEM) formation. Further, inhibiting enlargeosome release by annexin II siRNA attenuated the sustained barrier enhancing effects of HMW-HA. Finally, exposure of isolated enlargeosomes to HPMVEC monolayers generated barrier enhancement while exosomes led to barrier disruption. Taken together, these results suggest that differential release of extracellular vesicles from CEM modulate the sustained HPMVEC barrier regulation by HMW-HA and LMW-HA. HMW-HA-induced specialized enlargeosomes can be a potential therapeutic strategy for diseases involving impaired vascular integrity.
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Stone ML, Sharma AK, Zhao Y, Charles EJ, Huerter ME, Johnston WF, Kron IL, Lynch KR, Laubach VE. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 agonism attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L1245-52. [PMID: 25910934 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00302.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcomes for lung transplantation are the worst of any solid organ, and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) limits both short- and long-term outcomes. Presently no therapeutic agents are available to prevent IRI. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) modulates immune function through binding to a set of G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1-5). Although S1P has been shown to attenuate lung IRI, the S1P receptors responsible for protection have not been defined. The present study tests the hypothesis that protection from lung IRI is primarily mediated through S1PR1 activation. Mice were treated with either vehicle, FTY720 (a nonselective S1P receptor agonist), or VPC01091 (a selective S1PR1 agonist and S1PR3 antagonist) before left lung IR. Function, vascular permeability, cytokine expression, neutrophil infiltration, and myeloperoxidase levels were measured in lungs. After IR, both FTY720 and VPC01091 significantly improved lung function (reduced pulmonary artery pressure and increased pulmonary compliance) vs. vehicle control. In addition, FTY720 and VPC01091 significantly reduced vascular permeability, expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-12/IL-23 p40, CC chemokine ligand-2, and TNF-α), myeloperoxidase levels, and neutrophil infiltration compared with control. No significant differences were observed between VPC01091 and FTY720 treatment groups. VPC01091 did not significantly affect elevated invariant natural killer T cell infiltration after IR, and administration of an S1PR1 antagonist reversed VPC01091-mediated protection after IR. In conclusion, VPC01091 and FTY720 provide comparable protection from lung injury and dysfunction after IR. These findings suggest that S1P-mediated protection from IRI is mediated by S1PR1 activation, independent of S1PR3, and that selective S1PR1 agonists may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent lung IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Stone
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Ashish K Sharma
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Yunge Zhao
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Eric J Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mary E Huerter
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - William F Johnston
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Irving L Kron
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Kevin R Lynch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
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Viticchiè G, Muller PAJ. c-Met and Other Cell Surface Molecules: Interaction, Activation and Functional Consequences. Biomedicines 2015; 3:46-70. [PMID: 28536399 PMCID: PMC5344229 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines3010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Met receptor, also known as the HGF receptor, is one of the most studied tyrosine kinase receptors, yet its biological functions and activation mechanisms are still not fully understood. c-Met has been implicated in embryonic development and organogenesis, in tissue remodelling homeostasis and repair and in cancer metastasis. These functions are indicative of the many cellular processes in which the receptor plays a role, including cell motility, scattering, survival and proliferation. In the context of malignancy, sustained activation of c-Met leads to a signalling cascade involving a multitude of kinases that initiate an invasive and metastatic program. Many proteins can affect the activation of c-Met, including a variety of other cell surface and membrane-spanning molecules or receptors. Some cell surface molecules share structural homology with the c-Met extracellular domain and can activate c-Met via clustering through this domain (e.g., plexins), whereas other receptor tyrosine kinases can enhance c-Met activation and signalling through intracellular signalling cascades (e.g., EGFR). In this review, we provide an overview of c-Met interactions and crosstalk with partner molecules and the functional consequences of these interactions on c-Met activation and downstream signalling, c-Met intracellular localization/recycling and c-Met degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Viticchiè
- MRC (Medical Research Council) Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
| | - Patricia A J Muller
- MRC (Medical Research Council) Toxicology Unit, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
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SYK interaction with ITGβ4 suppressed by Epstein-Barr virus LMP2A modulates migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2014; 34:4491-9. [PMID: 25531330 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded Latent Membrane Protein 2A (LMP2A) is an EBV latency-associated protein regularly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In B cells, LMP2A activity resembles that of a constitutively activated antigen receptor, which recruits the Syk tyrosine kinase to activate a set of downstream signaling pathways. LMP2A also downregulates cellular Syk levels. In the present study, we demonstrate that Syk interacts with the integrin β4 subunit (ITGβ4) of integrin α6β4 in epithelial cells and that concurrent LMP2A expression interferes with this interaction by competitive binding to Syk. We find that both Syk and LMP2A have an effect on ITGβ4 cell surface expression. However, in LMP2A expressing cells, ITGβ4 remains concentrated at the cellular protrusions, an expression pattern characteristic of motile cells, including NPC-derived epithelial cells. This effect of LMP2A on ITGβ4 localization is associated with a greater propensity for migration and invasion in-vitro, and may contribute to the invasive property of LMP2A-expressing NPC.
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Ni X, Epsthein Y, Chen W, Zhou T, Xie L, Garcia JG, Jacobson JR. Interaction of integrin β4 with S1P receptors in S1P- and HGF-induced endothelial barrier enhancement. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:1187-95. [PMID: 24851274 PMCID: PMC4374432 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) augment endothelial cell (EC) barrier function and attenuate murine acute lung inury (ALI). While the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood, S1P and HGF both transactivate the S1P receptor, S1PR1 and integrin β4 (ITGB4) at membrane caveolin-enriched microdomains (CEMs). In the current study, we investigated the roles of S1PR2 and S1PR3 in S1P/HGF-mediated EC signaling and their associations with ITGB4. Our studies confirmed ITGB4 and S1PR2/3 are recruited to CEMs in human lung EC in response to either S1P (1 µM, 5 min) or HGF (25 ng/ml, 5 min). Co-immunoprecipitation experiments identified an S1P/HGF-mediated interaction of ITGB4 with both S1PR2 and S1PR3. We then employed an in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) to confirm a direct ITGB4-S1PR3 association induced by S1P/HGF although a direct association was not detectable between S1PR2 and ITGB4. S1PR1 knockdown (siRNA), however, abrogated S1P/HGF-induced ITGB4-S1PR2 associations while there was no effect on ITGB4-S1PR3 associations. Moreover, PLA confirmed a direct association between S1PR1 and S1PR2 induced by S1P and HGF. Finally, silencing of S1PR2 significantly attenuated S1P/HGF-induced EC barrier enhancement as measured by transendothelial resistance while silencing of S1PR3 significantly augmented S1P/HGF-induced barrier enhancement. These results confirm an important role for S1PR2 and S1PR3 in S1P/HGF-mediated EC barrier responses that are associated with their complex formation with ITGB4. Our findings elucidate novel mechanisms of EC barrier regulation that may ultimately lead to new therapeutic targets for disorders characterized by increased vascular permeability including ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Ni
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yulia Epsthein
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Weiguo Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lishi Xie
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Jacobson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Sarkisyan G, Gay LJ, Nguyen N, Felding BH, Rosen H. Host endothelial S1PR1 regulation of vascular permeability modulates tumor growth. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 307:C14-24. [PMID: 24740542 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00043.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding vascular growth and maturation in developing tumors has important implications for tumor progression, spread, and ultimately host survival. Modulating the signaling of endothelial G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in blood and lymphatic vessels can enhance or limit tumor progression. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) is a GPCR for circulating lysophospholipid S1P that is highly expressed in blood and lymphatic vessels. Using the S1PR1- enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) mouse model in combination with intravital imaging and pharmacologic modulation of S1PR1 signaling, we show that boundary conditions of high and low S1PR1 signaling retard tumor progression by enhancing or destabilizing neovasculature integrity, respectively. In contrast, midrange S1PR1 signaling, achieved by receptor antagonist titration, promotes abundant growth of small, organized vessels and thereby enhances tumor progression. Furthermore, in vivo S1PR1 antagonism supports lung colonization by circulating tumor cells. Regulation of endothelial S1PR1 dynamically controls vascular integrity and maturation and thus modulates angiogenesis, tumor growth, and hematogenous metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gor Sarkisyan
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Laurie J Gay
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Nhan Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Brunhilde H Felding
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Hugh Rosen
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California; and Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Usatyuk PV, Fu P, Mohan V, Epshtein Y, Jacobson JR, Gomez-Cambronero J, Wary KK, Bindokas V, Dudek SM, Salgia R, Garcia JGN, Natarajan V. Role of c-Met/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3k)/Akt signaling in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-mediated lamellipodia formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and motility of lung endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:13476-91. [PMID: 24634221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.527556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mediated signaling promotes cell proliferation and migration in a variety of cell types and plays a key role in tumorigenesis. As cell migration is important to angiogenesis, we characterized HGF-mediated effects on the formation of lamellipodia, a pre-requisite for migration using human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs). HGF, in a dose-dependent manner, induced c-Met phosphorylation (Tyr-1234/1235, Tyr-1349, Ser-985, Tyr-1003, and Tyr-1313), activation of PI3k (phospho-Yp85) and Akt (phospho-Thr-308 and phospho-Ser-473) and potentiated lamellipodia formation and HLMVEC migration. Inhibition of c-Met kinase by SU11274 significantly attenuated c-Met, PI3k, and Akt phosphorylation, suppressed lamellipodia formation and endothelial cell migration. LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3k, abolished HGF-induced PI3k (Tyr-458), and Akt (Thr-308 and Ser-473) phosphorylation and suppressed lamellipodia formation. Furthermore, HGF stimulated p47(phox)/Cortactin/Rac1 translocation to lamellipodia and ROS generation. Moreover, inhibition of c-Met/PI3k/Akt signaling axis and NADPH oxidase attenuated HGF- induced lamellipodia formation, ROS generation and cell migration. Ex vivo experiments with mouse aortic rings revealed a role for c-Met signaling in HGF-induced sprouting and lamellipodia formation. Taken together, these data provide evidence in support of a significant role for HGF-induced c-Met/PI3k/Akt signaling and NADPH oxidase activation in lamellipodia formation and motility of lung endothelial cells.
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32
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Schlegel N, Waschke J. cAMP with other signaling cues converges on Rac1 to stabilize the endothelial barrier- a signaling pathway compromised in inflammation. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 355:587-96. [PMID: 24322391 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
cAMP is one of the most potent signaling molecules to stabilize the endothelial barrier, both under resting conditions as well as under challenge of barrier-destabilizing mediators. The two main signaling axes downstream of cAMP are activation of protein kinase A (PKA) as well as engagement of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) and its effector GTPase Rap1. Interestingly, both pathways activate GTP exchange factors for Rac1, such as Tiam1 and Vav2 and stabilize the endothelial barrier via Rac1-mediated enforcement of adherens junctions and strengthening of the cortical actin cytoskeleton. On the level of Rac1, cAMP signaling converges with other barrier-enhancing signaling cues induced by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) rendering Rac1 as an important signaling hub. Moreover, activation of Rap1 and inhibition of RhoA also contribute to barrier stabilization, emphasizing that regulation of small GTPases is a central mechanism in this context. The relevance of cAMP/Rac1-mediated barrier protection under pathophysiologic conditions can be concluded from data showing that inflammatory mediators causing multi-organ failure in systemic inflammation or sepsis interfere with this signaling axis on the level of cAMP or Rac1. This is in line with the well-known efficacy of cAMP to abrogate the barrier breakdown in response to most barrier-compromising stimuli. New is the notion that the tight endothelial barrier under resting conditions is maintained by (1) continuous cAMP formation induced by hormones such as epinephrine or (2) by activation of Rac1 downstream of S1P that is secreted by erythrocytes and activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General-, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Hou L, Zhao MM, Sun BM, Xing HJ. Expression of c-Met protein in gastrointestinal tumors: Recent research progress. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:3230-3235. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i30.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a close relationship between HGF/c-Met and many human cancers. The activation and overexpression of HGF/c-Met can cause the growth, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, lung cancer, and digestive system tumors. Since c-Met plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of tumors, targeting the HGF/c-Met pathway has become a hotspot for anti-cancer research. Currently, there have been many reports about c-Met expression in digestive tumors. In this paper we try to elaborate the latest progress in research related to c-Met expression in digestive tumors, with an aim to help clinicians gain a systematic understanding of this issue.
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Zhao Y, Zhao J, Mialki RK, Wei J, Spannhake EW, Salgia R, Natarajan V. Lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of c-Met tyrosine residue 1003 regulates c-Met intracellular trafficking and lung epithelial barrier function. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305:L56-63. [PMID: 23624790 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00417.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Met, the receptor tyrosine kinase whose natural ligand is hepatocyte growth factor, is known to have a key role in cell motility. We have previously shown that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) induced a decrease in c-Met activation via serine phosphorylation of c-Met at cell-cell contacts. Here, we demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells induced internalization of c-Met via phosphorylation at its tyrosine residue 1003. In addition, it induced epithelial barrier dysfunction as evidenced by a decrease in transepithelial resistance (TER) in a time-dependent manner. Pretreatment with a c-Met inhibitor (PHA-665752) or inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC)-α attenuated the LPS-mediated phosphorylation of c-Met and its internalization. LPS-induced c-Met tyrosine 1003 phosphorylation, activation of PKCα, and c-Met internalization were, however, reversed by pretreatment of cells with LPA, which increased c-Met accumulation at cell-cell contacts. Inhibition of LPS-mediated c-Met tyrosine (Y1003) phosphorylation and internalization by prior treatment with PHA-665752, inhibition of PKCα, or overexpression of c-MetY1003A mutant attenuated LPS-induced reduction of TER. Furthermore, we found that c-Met accumulation at cell-cell contacts contributed to LPA-enhanced epithelial barrier integrity, since downregulation of c-Met by specific small-interfering RNA attenuated LPA-increased TER. The data reveal a novel biological function of c-Met in the regulation of lung epithelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhao
- Department of Medicine and the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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