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Lagani GD, Lin W, Natarajan S, Lampl N, Harper ER, Emili A, Beffert U, Ho A. Beyond Glycolysis: Aldolase A is a Novel Effector in Reelin Mediated Dendritic Development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.12.575269. [PMID: 38260505 PMCID: PMC10802565 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.575269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Reelin, a secreted glycoprotein, plays a crucial role in guiding neocortical neuronal migration, dendritic outgrowth and arborization, and synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. Reelin primarily operates through the canonical lipoprotein receptors apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (Apoer2) and very low-density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr). Reelin also engages with non-canonical receptors and unidentified co-receptors; however, the effects of which are less understood. Using high-throughput tandem mass tag LC-MS/MS-based proteomics and gene set enrichment analysis, we identified both shared and unique intracellular pathways activated by Reelin through its canonical and non-canonical signaling in primary murine neurons during dendritic growth and arborization. We observed pathway crosstalk related to regulation of cytoskeleton, neuron projection development, protein transport, and actin filament-based process. We also found enriched gene sets exclusively by the non-canonical Reelin pathway including protein translation, mRNA metabolic process and ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis suggesting Reelin fine-tunes neuronal structure through distinct signaling pathways. A key discovery is the identification of aldolase A, a glycolytic enzyme and actin binding protein, as a novel effector of Reelin signaling. Reelin induced de novo translation and mobilization of aldolase A from the actin cytoskeleton. We demonstrated that aldolase A is necessary for Reelin-mediated dendrite growth and arborization in primary murine neurons and mouse brain cortical neurons. Interestingly, the function of aldolase A in dendrite development is independent of its known role in glycolysis. Altogether, our findings provide new insights into the Reelin-dependent signaling pathways and effector proteins that are crucial for actin remodeling and dendritic development. Significance Reelin is an extracellular glycoprotein and exerts its function primarily by binding to the canonical lipoprotein receptors Apoer2 and Vldlr. Reelin is best known for its role in neuronal migration during prenatal brain development. Reelin also signals through a non-canonical pathway outside of Apoer2/Vldlr; however, these receptors and signal transduction pathways are less defined. Here, we examined Reelin's role during dendritic outgrowth in primary murine neurons and identified shared and distinct pathways activated by canonical and non-canonical Reelin signaling. We also found aldolase A as a novel effector of Reelin signaling, that functions independently of its known metabolic role, highlighting Reelin's influence on actin dynamics and neuronal structure and growth.
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Ghasemi F, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S, Ghasempour A, Shakibaie M. Oncogenic Alterations of Metabolism Associated with Resistance to Chemotherapy. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:856-866. [PMID: 37350008 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230622104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is a strategy to meet high proliferation rates, invasion, and metastasis. Also, several researchers indicated that the cellular metabolism changed during the resistance to chemotherapy. Since glycolytic enzymes play a prominent role in these alterations, the ability to reduce resistance to chemotherapy drugs is promising for cancer patients. Oscillating gene expression of these enzymes was involved in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. This review discussed the roles of some glycolytic enzymes associated with cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy in the various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Ghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghasempour
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shakibaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Shegay PV, Shatova OP, Zabolotneva AA, Shestopalov AV, Kaprin AD. Moonlight functions of glycolytic enzymes in cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1076138. [PMID: 37449059 PMCID: PMC10337784 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1076138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since an extensive genome research has started, basic principle "one gene-one protein-one function" was significantly revised. Many proteins with more than one function were identified and characterized as "moonlighting" proteins, which activity depend not only on structural peculiarities but also on compartmentation and metabolic environment. It turned out that "housekeeping" glycolytic enzymes show important moonlight functions such as control of development, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, regulation of transcription and cell signaling. Glycolytic enzymes emerged very early in evolution and because of the limited content of genomes, they could be used as ancient regulators for intercellular and intracellular communication. The multifunctionality of the constitutively expressed enzymes began to serve cancer cell survival and growth. In the present review we discuss some moonlight functions of glycolytic enzymes that important for malignant transformation and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr V. Shegay
- Federal State Budget Institution, National Medical Research Radiology Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga P. Shatova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Biochemistry Department, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Zabolotneva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr V. Shestopalov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology, Laboratory of Biochemistry of Signaling Pathways, Moscow, Russia
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei D. Kaprin
- Federal State Budget Institution, National Medical Research Radiology Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Biochemistry Department, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Chen L, Zeng Y, Ren B, Wang X, Zhao F, Du J, Zhang R, Deng J. ALDOC regulated the biological function and immune infiltration of gastric cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 158:106407. [PMID: 36997056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of ALDOC which is an important regulator involved in tumor metabolic reprogramming and immune microenvironment in GC remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of ALDOC as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. METHODS We verified the expression of ALDOC in GC and its effect on the prognosis of GC patients by analyzing clinical data. The regulation of ALDOC on the biological behavior of GC cells was confirmed by experiments. The potential mechanism of miRNA regulating GC immune cell infiltration by inhibiting ALDOC was explored by experiments and bioinformatic analysis. We further analyzed the effect of ALDOC on somatic mutations in gastric cancer, and constructed a prognostic model based on ALDOC and related immune molecules. RESULTS ALDOC is overexpressed in GC cells and tissues, which promotes malignant biological behavior of GC cells and is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis of GC patients. MiR-19a-5p promotes the expression of ALDOC by down-regulating ETS1, leading to poor prognosis in GC patients. ALDOC is significantly associated with immune infiltration in GC, regulates macrophage differentiation and promotes the progression of GC. ALDOC is significantly correlated with TMB and MSI of gastric cancer, and affects somatic mutation of gastric cancer. The prognostic model has good predictive efficiency. CONCLUSIONS ALDOC is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target with abnormal immune-mediated effects. The prognostic model based on ALDOC provides a reference for prognosis prediction and individualized treatment of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiao Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Baoqing Ren
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Fucheng Zhao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Jitao Du
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Rupeng Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Deng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China.
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De Vitis C, Battaglia AM, Pallocca M, Santamaria G, Mimmi MC, Sacco A, De Nicola F, Gaspari M, Salvati V, Ascenzi F, Bruschini S, Esposito A, Ricci G, Sperandio E, Massacci A, Prestagiacomo LE, Vecchione A, Ricci A, Sciacchitano S, Salerno G, French D, Aversa I, Cereda C, Fanciulli M, Chiaradonna F, Solito E, Cuda G, Costanzo F, Ciliberto G, Mancini R, Biamonte F. ALDOC- and ENO2- driven glucose metabolism sustains 3D tumor spheroids growth regardless of nutrient environmental conditions: a multi-omics analysis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:69. [PMID: 36945054 PMCID: PMC10031988 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastases are the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. By the time cancer cells detach from their primary site to eventually spread to distant sites, they need to acquire the ability to survive in non-adherent conditions and to proliferate within a new microenvironment in spite of stressing conditions that may severely constrain the metastatic process. In this study, we gained insight into the molecular mechanisms allowing cancer cells to survive and proliferate in an anchorage-independent manner, regardless of both tumor-intrinsic variables and nutrient culture conditions. METHODS 3D spheroids derived from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and breast cancer cells were cultured in either nutrient-rich or -restricted culture conditions. A multi-omics approach, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, was used to explore the molecular changes underlying the transition from 2 to 3D cultures. Small interfering RNA-mediated loss of function assays were used to validate the role of the identified differentially expressed genes and proteins in H460 and HCC827 LUAD as well as in MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS We found that the transition from 2 to 3D cultures of H460 and MCF7 cells is associated with significant changes in the expression of genes and proteins involved in metabolic reprogramming. In particular, we observed that 3D tumor spheroid growth implies the overexpression of ALDOC and ENO2 glycolytic enzymes concomitant with the enhanced consumption of glucose and fructose and the enhanced production of lactate. Transfection with siRNA against both ALDOC and ENO2 determined a significant reduction in lactate production, viability and size of 3D tumor spheroids produced by H460, HCC827, MCF7, and T47D cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that anchorage-independent survival and growth of cancer cells are supported by changes in genes and proteins that drive glucose metabolism towards an enhanced lactate production. Notably, this finding is valid for all lung and breast cancer cell lines we have analyzed in different nutrient environmental conditions. broader Validation of this mechanism in other cancer cells of different origin will be necessary to broaden the role of ALDOC and ENO2 to other tumor types. Future in vivo studies will be necessary to assess the role of ALDOC and ENO2 in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvati
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ascenzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bruschini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Esposito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania ''Luigi Vanvitelli'', Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sperandio
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Massacci
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Licia Elvira Prestagiacomo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ricci
- Respiratory Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacchitano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Deborah French
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Egle Solito
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Interdepartmental Centre of Services, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Director, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
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Zhu JG, Xie P, Song C, Liu TW, Gong DQ. Differential expression of glucose metabolism-related genes and AMP-activated protein kinases in crop tissue of male and female pigeons (Columba livia domestica) during the incubation and chick-rearing periods. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:680-690. [PMID: 35668622 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the carbohydrate contents of crop milk, insulin and glucose concentrations in serum and the expression patterns of AMP-activated protein kinases (AMPKs) and genes related to glucose metabolism in pigeon crops during the breeding period. Crop milk was collected from squabs of rearing Day 1 (R1) to R6. Contents of total sugar and reducing sugar increased to the maximum levels at R6 (p < 0.05). Forty-two pairs of adult pigeons were allotted to seven groups by different breeding stages, and their crops and serum were sampled. No significant differences were found in either insulin or glucose levels in serum. The glucose transporter 2 gene level was the greatest at R15 in females, whereas it was at R7 in males. However, sodium-dependent glucose transporters 1 expression in both sexes decreased from incubation Day 17 (I17) to R7. In females, glucokinase expression peaked at R1, and at R1 and R7 in males. Pyruvate kinase mRNA levels peaked at R7 in females and at R15 males. The mRNA abundance of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 in both sexes and glucose-6-phosphatase in females decreased after I10. While phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 expression decreased after I17 (p < 0.05). Protein levels of AMPKα in crops were minimized at R1 (p < 0.05). In females, expression of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 was inhibited at I17 and R1 (p < 0.05). In males, AMPKα1 expression was decreased at R7 (p < 0.05) and AMPKα2 was reduced at I10 and R1. pAMPK expression was the lowest at I17 in females, and it was at R7 and R25 in males. Conclusively, glycolysis in pigeon crops was enhanced during chick-rearing, while gluconeogenesis was significantly inhibited. The stability of the insulin level suggests that it was probably not involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism in crop tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Chao Song
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Ting-Wu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Dao-Qing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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7
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Vadlamani S, Karmakar R, Kumar A, Rajala MS. Non-metabolic role of alpha-enolase in virus replication. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1677-1686. [PMID: 36402937 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are extremely complex and highly evolving microorganisms; thus, it is difficult to analyse them in detail. The virion is believed to contain all the essential components required from its entry to the establishment of a successful infection in a susceptible host cell. Hence, the virion composition is the principal source for its transmissibility and immunogenicity. A virus is completely dependent on a host cell for its replication and progeny production. Occasionally, they recruit and package host proteins into mature virion. These incorporated host proteins are believed to play crucial roles in the subsequent infection, although the significance and the molecular mechanism regulated are poorly understood. One such host protein which is hijacked by several viruses is the glycolytic enzyme, Enolase (Eno-1) and is also packaged into mature virion of several viruses. This enzyme exhibits a highly flexible nature of functions, ranging from metabolic to several non-metabolic activities. All the glycolytic enzymes are known to be moonlighting proteins including enolase. The non-metabolic functions of this moonlighting protein are also highly diverse with respect to its cellular localization. Although very little is known about the virological significance of this enzyme, several of its non-metabolic functions have been observed to influence the virus replication cycle in infected cells. In this review, we have attempted to provide a comprehensive picture of the non-metabolic role of Eno-1, its significance in the virus replication cycle and to stimulate interest around its scope as a therapeutic target for treating viral pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Vadlamani
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India
| | - Ruma Karmakar
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India
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Fukushi A, Kim HD, Chang YC, Kim CH. Revisited Metabolic Control and Reprogramming Cancers by Means of the Warburg Effect in Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710037. [PMID: 36077431 PMCID: PMC9456516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is an emerging hallmark of many human cancers, as cancer cells are defined as a “metabolically abnormal system”. Carbohydrates are metabolically reprogrammed by its metabolizing and catabolizing enzymes in such abnormal cancer cells. Normal cells acquire their energy from oxidative phosphorylation, while cancer cells acquire their energy from oxidative glycolysis, known as the “Warburg effect”. Energy–metabolic differences are easily found in the growth, invasion, immune escape and anti-tumor drug resistance of cancer cells. The glycolysis pathway is carried out in multiple enzymatic steps and yields two pyruvate molecules from one glucose (Glc) molecule by orchestral reaction of enzymes. Uncontrolled glycolysis or abnormally activated glycolysis is easily observed in the metabolism of cancer cells with enhanced levels of glycolytic proteins and enzymatic activities. In the “Warburg effect”, tumor cells utilize energy supplied from lactic acid-based fermentative glycolysis operated by glycolysis-specific enzymes of hexokinase (HK), keto-HK-A, Glc-6-phosphate isomerase, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase, phosphofructokinase (PFK), phosphor-Glc isomerase (PGI), fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, phosphoglycerate (PG) kinase (PGK)1, triose phosphate isomerase, PG mutase (PGAM), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase, pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), PDH kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. They are related to glycolytic flux. The key enzymes involved in glycolysis are directly linked to oncogenesis and drug resistance. Among the metabolic enzymes, PKM2, PGK1, HK, keto-HK-A and nucleoside diphosphate kinase also have protein kinase activities. Because glycolysis-generated energy is not enough, the cancer cell-favored glycolysis to produce low ATP level seems to be non-efficient for cancer growth and self-protection. Thus, the Warburg effect is still an attractive phenomenon to understand the metabolic glycolysis favored in cancer. If the basic properties of the Warburg effect, including genetic mutations and signaling shifts are considered, anti-cancer therapeutic targets can be raised. Specific therapeutics targeting metabolic enzymes in aerobic glycolysis and hypoxic microenvironments have been developed to kill tumor cells. The present review deals with the tumor-specific Warburg effect with the revisited viewpoint of recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abekura Fukushi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hee-Do Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedicine Imaging and Radiological Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.C.); (C.-H.K.); Fax: +82-31-290-7015 (C.-H.K.)
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-C.C.); (C.-H.K.); Fax: +82-31-290-7015 (C.-H.K.)
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9
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Said YM, El-Gamel NEA, Ali SA, Mohamed AF. Evaluation of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Conditioning Medium (hWJ-MSCs-CM) or Scorpion Venom Breast Cancer Cell Line In Vitro. J Gastrointest Cancer 2022; 53:888-901. [PMID: 34988906 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of Egyptian scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus venom (ScV) or human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioning medium (hWJ-MSCs-CM)/CM against breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line as an alternative effective cancer biotherapy. METHODS Venom (ScV) toxicity was performed recording concentration-dependent viability % and ScV IC50 value was in the order of 100 μg/ml. MCF-7 were treated with hWJ-MSCs-CM used as (25%, 50%, and 75% ml) or the IC50 of ScV. Apoptotic activity was traced via evaluation the apoptotic (Bax, Casp-3, and Casp-9) and anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl2, ALDOA, and PKM2) profile. RESULTS Both Bax and Casp-3 showed a significant upregulation while anti-apoptotic genes were significantly downregulated. In the meantime, Casp-3 and Casp-9 protein were monitored using ELISA, and their level was less than in control. Additionally, MCF-7 apoptosis was monitored using flow cytometry recording a significant DNA accumulation in the G0-G1 and S phases in case of cell treatment with ScV or CM75% ml and 50% ml. Also, there was a significant total necrotic cells % compared with control cells, and total apoptosis under the effect of ScV or CM75% ml was significantly elevated than rest of treatment. CONCLUSION Apoptosis induction was both dose- and time-dependent for hWJ-MSCs-CM and ScV. According to the present study and other studies, there is an ample evidence that hWJ-MSCs-CM and the venom IC50 abolish tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia E A El-Gamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Said A Ali
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aly Fahmy Mohamed
- The International Center for Advanced Researches (ICTAR), Giza, Egypt
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10
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Cuello C, Martinez CA, Cambra JM, González-Plaza A, Parrilla I, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Gil MA, Martinez EA. Vitrification Effects on the Transcriptome of in vivo-Derived Porcine Morulae. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:771996. [PMID: 34869745 PMCID: PMC8633305 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.771996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the reported promising farrowing rates after non-surgical and surgical transfers of vitrified porcine morulae and blastocysts produced in vivo (range: 70–75%), the pregnancy loss is 5–15 fold higher with vitrified than with fresh embryos. The present study aimed to investigate whether vitrification affects the transcriptome of porcine morulae, using microarrays and RT-qPCR validation. Morulae were obtained surgically from weaned sows (n = 13) on day 6 (day 0 = estrus onset). A total of 60 morulae were vitrified (treatment group). After 1 week of storage, the vitrified morulae were warmed. Vitrified-warmed and non-vitrified fresh morulae (control; n = 40) were cultured for 24 h to assess embryo survival by stereomicroscopy after. A total of 30 vitrified/warmed embryos that were deemed viable and 30 fresh control embryos (three pools of 10 for each experimental group) were selected for microarray analysis. Gene expression was assessed with a GeneChip® Porcine Genome Array (Affymetrix). An ANOVA analysis p-unadjusted <0.05 and a fold change cut-off of ±1.5 were set to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Data analysis and biological interpretation were performed using the Partek Genomic Suite 7.0 software. The survival rate of morulae after vitrification and warming (92.0 ± 8.3%) was similar to that of the control (100%). A total of 233 DEGs were identified in vitrified morulae (38 upregulated and 195 downregulated), compared to the control group. Nine pathways were significantly modified. Go-enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly related to the Biological Process functional group. Up-regulated DEGs were involved in glycosaminoglycan degradation, metabolic pathways and tryptophan metabolism KEGG pathways. The pathways related to the down-regulated DEGs were glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, protein export and fatty acid elongation. The disruption of metabolic pathways in morulae could be related to impaired embryo quality and developmental potential, despite the relatively high survival rates after warming observed in vitro. In conclusion, vitrification altered the gene expression pattern of porcine morulae produced in vivo, generating alterations in the transcriptome that may interfere with subsequent embryo development and pregnancy after embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cuello
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum," Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina A Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Josep M Cambra
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum," Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alejandro González-Plaza
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum," Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum," Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria A Gil
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum," Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Emilio A Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum," Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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11
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Incomptine A Induces Apoptosis, ROS Production and a Differential Protein Expression on Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910516. [PMID: 34638856 PMCID: PMC8508949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones are of pharmaceutical interest due their cytotoxic and antitumor properties, which are commonly found within plants of several genera from the Asteraceae family such as the Decachaeta genus. From Decachaeta incompta four heliangolide, namely incomptines A-D have been isolated. In this study, cytotoxic properties of incomptine A (IA) were evaluated on four lymphoma cancer cell lines: U-937, Farage, SU-DHL-2, and REC-1. The type of cell death induced by IA and its effects on U-937 cells were analyzed based on its capability to induce apoptosis and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through flow cytometry with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, dual annexin V/DAPI staining, and dichlorofluorescein 2′,7′-diacetate, respectively. A differential protein expression analysis study was carried out by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) through UPLC-MS/MS. Results reveal that IA exhibited cytotoxic activity against the cell line U-937 (CC50 of 0.12 ± 0.02 μM) and the incubation of these cells in presence of IA significantly increased apoptotic population and intracellular ROS levels. In the proteomic approach 1548 proteins were differentially expressed, out of which 587 exhibited a fold-change ≥ 1.5 and 961 a fold-change ≤ 0.67. Most of these differentially regulated proteins are involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, glycolytic metabolism, or cytoskeleton structuration.
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12
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Chen H, Ye Z, Xu X, Qin Y, Song C, Fan G, Hu H, Hu Y, Yu X, Liu W, Ji S, Xu W. ALDOA inhibits cell cycle arrest induced by DNA damage via the ATM-PLK1 pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:514. [PMID: 34565365 PMCID: PMC8474727 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background ALDOA is a glycolytic enzyme found mainly in developing embryos, adult muscle and various malignant tumours, including pancreatic tumours. Our previous study revealed that ALDOA, an oncogene, can promote the proliferation and metastasis of pancreatic tumours. Furthermore, ALDOA could predict poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic tumours. Methods IHC analysis of PDAC tissues was conducted. Western blotting, PCR, cellular IF experiments and cell cycle assessment were conducted utilizing cell lines. GSEA and KEGG pathway analysis were used to identify potential downstream pathways. Results To explore the effects of ALDOA on the occurrence and development of pancreatic tumours, we analysed the RNA sequencing results and found that ALDOA could inhibit the DDR. Under normal circumstances, when DNA is damaged, initiation of the DDR causes cell cycle arrest, DNA repair or cell apoptosis. Further experiments showed that ALDOA could inhibit DNA repair and reverse cell cycle arrest induced by DNA damage so that DNA damage persisted to promote the occurrence and progression of cancer. Conclusions Regarding the molecular mechanism, we found that ALDOA inhibited the DDR and improved activation of the cell cycle checkpoint PLK1 by suppressing ATM, which promotes tumour cell progression. Consequently, ALDOA has a profound effect on pancreatic cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowu Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changfeng Song
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guixiong Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shunrong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenyan Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Smoking shifts human small airway epithelium club cells toward a lesser differentiated population. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:73. [PMID: 34497273 PMCID: PMC8426481 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The club cell, a small airway epithelial (SAE) cell, plays a central role in human lung host defense. We hypothesized that subpopulations of club cells with distinct functions may exist. The SAE of healthy nonsmokers and healthy cigarette smokers were evaluated by single-cell RNA sequencing, and unsupervised clustering revealed subpopulations of SCGCB1A1+KRT5loMUC5AC- club cells. Club cell heterogeneity was supported by evaluations of SAE tissue sections, brushed SAE cells, and in vitro air-liquid interface cultures. Three subpopulations included: (1) progenitor; (2) proliferating; and (3) effector club cells. The progenitor club cell population expressed high levels of mitochondrial, ribosomal proteins, and KRT5 relative to other club cell populations and included a differentiation branch point leading to mucous cell production. The small proliferating population expressed high levels of cyclins and proliferation markers. The effector club cell cluster expressed genes related to host defense, xenobiotic metabolism, and barrier functions associated with club cell function. Comparison of smokers vs. nonsmokers demonstrated that smoking limited the extent of differentiation of all three subclusters and altered SAM pointed domain-containing Ets transcription factor (SPDEF)-regulated transcription in the effector cell population leading to a change in the location of the branch point for mucous cell production, a potential explanation for the concomitant reduction in effector club cells and increase in mucous cells in smokers. These observations provide insights into both the makeup of human SAE club cell subpopulations and the smoking-induced changes in club cell biology.
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14
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Nabi AA, Atta SA, El-Ahwany E, Elzayat E, Saleh H. Taurine Upregulates miRNA-122-5p Expression and Suppresses the Metabolizing Enzymes of Glycolytic Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5549-5559. [PMID: 34313924 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complicated disease with a poor prognosis and high mortality rates. The prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment of liver cancer have become vital focuses in healthcare research. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of taurine (Tau) on the expression of miR-122-5p that targets some limiting glycolytic enzymes and affects the overall glycolytic pathway in HepG2 cells. METHOD IC50 and the inhibitory effect of Tau on cell proliferation were measured after 48 h by MTT assay. Then, the mRNA expressions of some apoptosis-related genes P53, BAX, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 were measured using quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR) and the protein levels were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activities of some antioxidant's biomarkers were assessed. The gene expression of miR-122-5p that targets some limiting glycolytic enzymes; Aldolase and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were evaluated after treatment with Tau for 48 h. RESULTS A Significant inhibition in the proliferation of HepG2 was encountered after treatment with Tau in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression of apoptotic genes p53, Bax, and Caspase-3 exhibited a significant upregulation, while Bcl-2 showed a significant downregulation. These alterations in the expression levels were also confirmed on the protein level. The antioxidant activities of GPx, CAT, and NO were significantly elevated versus untreated control. Also, a significant increase in the expression level of miR-122-5p was observed after treatment with Tau affecting the metabolic activity of HCC cells. Concomitantly, a significant inhibition in ALDOA protein and the hallmark of glycolytic enzymes LDH and Aldolase were observed. CONCLUSIONS These observations showed that taurine inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation and restores the expression of miR-122-5p which inhibits the hallmark glycolytic enzymes and ultimately the metabolic activity of HCC cells. Tau is assumed to be a promising and effective antitumor therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Abdel Nabi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Attia Atta
- Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman El-Ahwany
- Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad Elzayat
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Hanan Saleh
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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15
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Proteomics analysis of protein biomarkers in Astragalus membranaceus- and Astragaloside IV-treated brain tissues in ischemia-reperfusion injured rats. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:369-374. [PMID: 34195031 PMCID: PMC8240166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a major Chinese herb used in the treatment of stroke. Astragaloside IV (AS)is a component of AM. This study investigated the effects of AM on the protein expression through proteomics analysis in ischemia-reperfusion injured Sprague Dawley rats. Experimental procedure An animal model of ischemia-reperfusion injury by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with AM or AS three times at 30 min, 1 day, and 2 days prior to the occlusion of the cerebral blood flow. Results Aldolase C was overexpressed in the cortex, and Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase and Triose-phosphate isomerase were overexpressed in the hippocampus. Conclusion Pretreatment with AM or AS can induce the overexpression of Aldolase C in the cerebral cortex and that of Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase and Triose-phosphate isomerase in the hippocampus, suggesting that both AM and AS may act as neuroprotectors through regulating the expression of Aldolase C, Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase and Triose-phosphate isomerase. However, the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms need more studies.
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16
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Morson S, Yang Y, Price DJ, Pratt T. Expression of Genes in the 16p11.2 Locus during Development of the Human Fetal Cerebral Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4038-4052. [PMID: 33825894 PMCID: PMC8328201 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The 593 kbp 16p11.2 copy number variation (CNV) affects the gene dosage of 29 protein coding genes, with heterozygous 16p11.2 microduplication or microdeletion implicated in about 1% of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases. The 16p11.2 CNV is frequently associated with macrocephaly or microcephaly indicating early defects of neurogenesis may contribute to subsequent ASD symptoms, but it is unknown which 16p11.2 transcripts are expressed in progenitors and whose levels are likely, therefore, to influence neurogenesis. Analysis of human fetal gene expression data revealed that KIF22, ALDOA, HIRIP3, PAGR1, and MAZ transcripts are expressed in neural progenitors with ALDOA and KIF22 significantly enriched compared to post-mitotic cells. To investigate the possible roles of ALDOA and KIF22 proteins in human cerebral cortex development we used immunohistochemical staining to describe their expression in late first and early second trimester human cerebral cortex. KIF22 protein is restricted to proliferating cells with its levels increasing during the cell cycle and peaking at mitosis. ALDOA protein is expressed in all cell types and does not vary with cell-cycle phase. Our expression analysis suggests the hypothesis that altered neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex contributes to ASD in 16p11.2 CNV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Morson
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Yifei Yang
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - David J Price
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Thomas Pratt
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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17
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Izraely S, Ben-Menachem S, Sagi-Assif O, Meshel T, Malka S, Telerman A, Bustos MA, Ramos RI, Pasmanik-Chor M, Hoon DSB, Witz IP. The melanoma brain metastatic microenvironment: aldolase C partakes in shaping the malignant phenotype of melanoma cells - a case of inter-tumor heterogeneity. Mol Oncol 2020; 15:1376-1390. [PMID: 33274599 PMCID: PMC8096793 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that microglia cells upregulate the expression of aldolase C (ALDOC) in melanoma cells. The present study using brain‐metastasizing variants from three human melanomas explores the functional role of ALDOC in the formation and maintenance of melanoma brain metastasis (MBM). ALDOC overexpression impacted differentially the malignant phenotype of these three variants. In the first variant, ALDOC overexpression promoted cell viability, adhesion to and transmigration through a layer of brain endothelial cells, and amplified brain micrometastasis formation. The cross‐talk between this MBM variant and microglia cells promoted the proliferation and migration of the latter cells. In sharp contrast, ALDOC overexpression in the second brain‐metastasizing melanoma variant reduced or did not affect the same malignancy features. In the third melanoma variant, ALDOC overexpression augmented certain characteristics of malignancy and reduced others. The analysis of biological functions and disease pathways in the ALDOC overexpressing variants clearly indicated that ALDOC induced the expression of tumor progression promoting genes in the first variant and antitumor progression properties in the second variant. Overall, these results accentuate the complex microenvironment interactions between microglia cells and MBM, and the functional impact of intertumor heterogeneity. Since intertumor heterogeneity imposes a challenge in the planning of cancer treatment, we propose to employ the functional response of tumors with an identical histology, to a particular drug or the molecular signature of this response, as a predictive indicator of response/nonresponse to this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Izraely
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Shlomit Ben-Menachem
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Sapir Malka
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Alona Telerman
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Matias A Bustos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Romela Irene Ramos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Isaac P Witz
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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18
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Hui MH, Rhine K, Tolan DR. Actin filament- and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein-binding sites on fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase are functionally distinct from the active site. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2020; 78:129-141. [PMID: 33210455 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The glycolytic enzyme fructose 1,6-(bis)phosphate aldolase (aldolase) is not only required for efficient utilization of glucose and fructose, but also for cytoskeletal functions like cytokinesis and cell motility. These differing roles are mediated by distinct and discrete binding interactions with aldolase's many binding partners, including actin filaments, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASP), and Sorting Nexin 9 (SNX9). How these interactions are coordinated on the aldolase homotetramer of 160 kDa is unclear. In this study, the catalytic activity of wild-type aldolase is measured in the presence of actin filaments, and a WASP-derived peptide that binds to aldolase, or both. No appreciable changes in kcat or Km values are seen. Then, aldolase variants with substitutions targeting the tryptophan-binding pocket for WASP and SNX9 are created and perturbation of actin filament-, WASP peptide-, and SNX9 peptide-binding are assessed. Those that negatively impacted binding did not show an impact on aldolase catalysis. These results suggest that aldolase can engage in catalysis while simultaneously interacting with cytoskeletal machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie H Hui
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Rhine
- Program in Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, and Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dean R Tolan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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O'Brien CM, Mulukutla BC, Mashek DG, Hu WS. Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis in Cell Culture Bioprocesses. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:1113-1127. [PMID: 32941791 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells are the main tool for the production of therapeutic proteins, viruses for gene therapy, and cells for cell therapy. In production processes cell metabolism is the main driver that causes changes in the growth environment and affects productivity and product quality. Of all nutrients, glucose has the most prominent impact on bioprocesses. We summarize recent findings on the regulation of glucose and energy metabolism in cultured cells. Local allosteric regulations and post-translational modifications of enzymes in metabolic networks interplay with global signaling and transcriptional regulation. These regulatory networks sustain homeostasis across the cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments. Understanding the regulation of glucose metabolism and metabolic state is crucial for enhancing process productivity and product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor M O'Brien
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Douglas G Mashek
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei-Shou Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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20
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Digiacomo G, Fumarola C, La Monica S, Bonelli MA, Cretella D, Alfieri R, Cavazzoni A, Galetti M, Bertolini P, Missale G, Petronini PG. Simultaneous Combination of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib With Regorafenib Induces Enhanced Anti-tumor Effects in Hepatocarcinoma Cell Lines. Front Oncol 2020; 10:563249. [PMID: 33072590 PMCID: PMC7539564 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.563249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Alterations of the cyclin D-CDK4/6-Rb pathway occur frequently in HCC, providing the rationale for its targeting at least in a molecular subset of HCC. In a panel of HCC cell lines, we investigated whether the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib might improve the efficacy of regorafenib, a powerful multi-kinase inhibitor approved as second-line treatment for advanced HCC after sorafenib failure and currently under clinical investigation as first-line therapy in combination with immunotherapy. In Rb-proficient cells, the simultaneous drug combination, but not the sequential schedules, inhibited cell proliferation, either in short or in long-term experiments, and induced cell death more strongly than individual treatments. Moreover, the combination significantly reduced spheroid cell growth and inhibited cell migration/invasion. The superior efficacy of palbociclib plus regorafenib emerged also under hypoxia and was associated with a significant down-regulation of CDK4/6-Rb-myc and mTORC1/p70S6K signaling. Moreover, regorafenib suppressed palbociclib-induced expression of cyclin D1 contributing to the cytotoxic effects of the combination. Besides these inhibitory effects on cell viability/proliferation, palbociclib and regorafenib reduced glucose uptake, although this effect was dependent on the cell model and on the oxygen availability (normoxia or hypoxia). Palbociclib and regorafenib combination impaired glucose uptake and utilization, down-regulating basal and hypoxia-induced expression of HIF-1α, HIF-2α, GLUT-1, and MCT4 proteins as well as the activity/expression of glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKP, aldolase A, PKM2). In addition, regorafenib alone reduced mitochondrial respiration. The combined treatment impaired glucose metabolism and respiration without enhancing the effects of the single agents. Our findings provide pre-clinical evidence for the effectiveness of palbociclib and regorafenib combination in HCC cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Fumarola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia La Monica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mara A Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Cretella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavazzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maricla Galetti
- Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (INAIL) Research, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bertolini
- Paediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Missale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Unit of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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21
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Momordica charantia Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173783. [PMID: 32825228 PMCID: PMC7504525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is a key event that triggers inflammatory response. The activation is accompanied by metabolic shift such as upregulated glucose metabolism. There are accumulating evidences showing the anti-inflammatory activity of Momordica charantia. However, the effects of M. charantia on inflammatory response and glucose metabolism in activated macrophages have not been fully established. The present study aimed to examine the effect of M. charantia in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and perturbed glucose metabolism in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. The results showed that LPS-induced NF-κB (p65) nuclear translocation was inhibited by M. charantia treatment. In addition, M. charantia was found to reduce the expression of inflammatory genes including IL6, TNF-α, IL1β, COX2, iNOS, and IL10 in LPS-treated macrophages. Furthermore, the data showed that M. charantia reduced the expression of GLUT1 and HK2 genes and lactate production (-28%), resulting in suppression of glycolysis. Notably, its effect on GLUT1 gene expression was found to be independent of LPS-induced inflammation. A further experiment also indicated that the bioactivities of M. charantia may be attributed to its key bioactive compound, charantin. Taken together, the study provided supporting evidences showing the potential of M. charantia for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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22
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Astrocyte-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Regulate Dendritic Complexity through miR-26a-5p Activity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040930. [PMID: 32290095 PMCID: PMC7226994 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, it has been established that astrocytes play key roles in the regulation of neuronal morphology. However, the contribution of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to morphological differentiation of neurons has only recently been addressed. Here, we showed that cultured astrocytes expressing a GFP-tagged version of the stress-regulated astrocytic enzyme Aldolase C (Aldo C-GFP) release small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that are transferred into cultured hippocampal neurons. Surprisingly, Aldo C-GFP-containing sEVs (Aldo C-GFP sEVs) displayed an exacerbated capacity to reduce the dendritic complexity in developing hippocampal neurons compared to sEVs derived from control (i.e., GFP-expressing) astrocytes. Using bioinformatics and biochemical tools, we found that the total content of overexpressed Aldo C-GFP correlates with an increased content of endogenous miRNA-26a-5p in both total astrocyte homogenates and sEVs. Notably, neurons magnetofected with a nucleotide sequence that mimics endogenous miRNA-26a-5p (mimic 26a-5p) not only decreased the levels of neuronal proteins associated to morphogenesis regulation, but also reproduced morphological changes induced by Aldo-C-GFP sEVs. Furthermore, neurons magnetofected with a sequence targeting miRNA-26a-5p (antago 26a-5p) were largely resistant to Aldo C-GFP sEVs. Our results support a novel and complex level of astrocyte-to-neuron communication mediated by astrocyte-derived sEVs and the activity of their miRNA content.
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23
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Chang YC, Yang YF, Chiou J, Tsai HF, Fang CY, Yang CJ, Chen CL, Hsiao M. Nonenzymatic function of Aldolase A downregulates miR-145 to promote the Oct4/DUSP4/TRAF4 axis and the acquisition of lung cancer stemness. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:195. [PMID: 32188842 PMCID: PMC7080828 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a serious issue of clinical importance and is a consequence of cancer stemness. In this study, we showed that the level of Aldolase A (ALDOA) expression is significantly associated with the IC50 value of chemotherapy drugs in lung cancer. Our data revealed that ALDOA overexpression resulted in a significant increase of lung tumor spheres. The use of ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) resulted in the identification of POU5F1 (Oct4) as the leading transcription factor of ALDOA. We observed high expression of ALDOA, Oct4 and stemness markers in collected spheroid cells. DUSP4 and TRAF4 were confirmed as major downstream targets of the ALDOA-Oct4 axis. Knockdown of these molecules significantly decreased the stemness ability of cells. In addition, we investigated whether miR-145 targets the 3′-UTR of Oct4 and is regulated by ALDOA due to the involvement of ALDOA in glycolysis and metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, we constructed several mutant forms of ALDOA that disrupted its enzymatic activity and showed that they still induced significant in vitro sphere formation and in vivo tumorigenicity. These results demonstrated that ALDOA-mediated spheroid formation is independent of its enzymatic activity. In the clinical component, we also showed that the combination of ALDOA and TRAF4 or DUSP4 is positively correlated with poor overall survival in a xenograft model and cancer patients through immunohistochemical analyses. The results of our study revealed novel functional roles of ALDOA in inducing cancer stemness via the inhibition of miR-145 expression and the activation of Oct4 transcription. These findings offer new therapeutic strategies for modulation of lung cancer stemness to enhance chemotherapeutic responses in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chan Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jean Chiou
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yeu Fang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Long Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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24
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Riquelme SA, Wong Fok Lung T, Prince A. Pulmonary Pathogens Adapt to Immune Signaling Metabolites in the Airway. Front Immunol 2020; 11:385. [PMID: 32231665 PMCID: PMC7082326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A limited number of pulmonary pathogens are able to evade normal mucosal defenses to establish acute infection and then adapt to cause chronic pneumonias. Pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus, are typically associated with infection in patients with underlying pulmonary disease or damage, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To establish infection, bacteria express a well-defined set of so-called virulence factors that facilitate colonization and activate an immune response, gene products that have been identified in murine models. Less well-understood are the adaptive changes that occur over time in vivo, enabling the organisms to evade innate and adaptive immune clearance mechanisms. These colonizers proliferate, generating a population sufficient to provide selection for mutants, such as small colony variants and mucoid variants, that are optimized for long term infection. Such host-adapted strains have evolved in response to selective pressure such as antibiotics and the recruitment of phagocytes at sites of infection and their release of signaling metabolites (e.g., succinate). These metabolites can potentially function as substrates for bacterial growth and but also generate oxidant stress. Whole genome sequencing and quantified expression of selected genes have helped to explain how P. aeruginosa and S. aureus adapt to the presence of these metabolites over the course of in vivo infection. The serial isolation of clonally related strains from patients with cystic fibrosis has provided the opportunity to identify bacterial metabolic pathways that are altered under this immune pressure, such as the anti-oxidant glyoxylate and pentose phosphate pathways, routes contributing to the generation of biofilms. These metabolic pathways and biofilm itself enable the organisms to dissipate oxidant stress, while providing protection from phagocytosis. Stimulation of host immune signaling metabolites by these pathogens drives bacterial adaptation and promotes their persistence in the airways. The inherent metabolic flexibility of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus is a major factor in their success as pulmonary pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián A Riquelme
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tania Wong Fok Lung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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25
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Kitazawa M, Hatta T, Sasaki Y, Fukui K, Ogawa K, Fukuda E, Goshima N, Okita N, Yamada Y, Nakagama H, Natsume T, Horimoto K. Promotion of the Warburg effect is associated with poor benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:658-666. [PMID: 31823471 PMCID: PMC7004516 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, including the Warburg effect, is a hallmark of cancer. Indeed, the diversity of cancer metabolism leads to cancer heterogeneity, but accurate assessment of metabolic properties in tumors has not yet been undertaken. Here, we performed absolute quantification of the expression levels of 113 proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant pathways, in stage III colorectal cancer surgical specimens from 70 patients. The Warburg effect appeared in absolute protein levels between tumor and normal mucosa specimens demonstrated. Notably, the levels of proteins associated with the tricarboxylic citric acid cycle were remarkably reduced in the malignant tumors which had relapsed after surgery and treatment with 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy. In addition, the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil also decreased in the cultured cancer cell lines with promotion of the Warburg effect. We further identified nine and eight important proteins, which are closely related to the Warburg effect, for relapse risk and 5-fluorouracil benefit, respectively, using a biomarker exploration procedure. These results provide us a clue for bridging between metabolic protein expression profiles and benefit from 5-fluorouracil adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kitazawa
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hatta
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sasaki
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fukui
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Fukuda
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Goshima
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Okita
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Yamada
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tohru Natsume
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Horimoto
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase A Regulates Hypoxic Adaptation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Involved with Tumor Malignancy. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:3215-3227. [PMID: 31041640 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is an important factor in malignant tumors, and glycolysis is a major metabolic contributor in their development. Glycolytic enzymes have gained increasing attention as potential therapeutic targets because they are associated with cancer-specific metabolism. Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA), a key glycolytic enzyme, reportedly is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its role in pathogenesis and its clinical significance in HCC remain largely unknown. AIM To explore the increased expression of ALDOA in HCC in correlation with tumor malignancy, and to investigate the potential regulatory role ALDOA plays in HCC progression through its regulation in hypoxia adaptation. METHODS AND RESULTS To better understand ALDOA and its correlation with clinicopathological features of HCC, we analyzed 100 HCC clinical specimens using immunohistochemistry analysis. The results show that the ALDOA expression level is significantly higher in advanced HCC and in HCC with venous invasion. Using in vitro knockdown assays, we showed that higher ALDOA expression was positively associated with cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and invasion under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Evidence shows that the underlying mechanism is due to the regulatory function of ALDOA in glycolysis, the cell cycle, matrix metalloproteinase-mediated extracellular matrix degradation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. CONCLUSIONS Data indicated that ALDOA is significantly upregulated in HCC tissue and is closely related to HCC malignancy. ALDOA is likely to regulate HCC progression by regulating HCC tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in both normoxic and hypoxic condition.
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27
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Targeting a moonlighting function of aldolase induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:712. [PMID: 31558701 PMCID: PMC6763475 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscle fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (ALDOA) is among the most abundant glycolytic enzymes in all cancer cells. Here, we show that the enzyme plays a previously unknown and critical role in a cancer cell survival. Simultaneous inhibition of ALDOA activity and interaction with F-actin cytoskeleton using ALDOA slow-binding inhibitor UM0112176 leads to a rapid cofilin-dependent loss of F-actin stress fibers which is associated with elevated ROS production, inhibition of ATP synthesis, increase in calcium levels, caspase activation and arrested cellular proliferation. These effects can be reproduced by silencing of ALDOA. The mechanism of pharmacological action is, however, independent of the catalytic function of the enzyme, specific to cancer cells, and is most deleterious to cells undergoing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, a process facilitating cancer cell invasion. Our results demonstrate that the overabundance of ALDOA in cancer cells is associated with its moonlighting rather than catalytic functions. This may have significant implications for development of novel broad-based anti-cancer therapies.
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28
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Long MJC, Liu X, Aye Y. Chemical Biology Gateways to Mapping Location, Association, and Pathway Responsivity. Front Chem 2019; 7:125. [PMID: 30949469 PMCID: PMC6437114 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we discuss, how by applying chemical concepts to biological problems, methods have been developed to map spatiotemporal regulation of proteins and small-molecule modulation of proteome signaling responses. We outline why chemical-biology platforms are ideal for such purposes. We further discuss strengths and weaknesses of chemical-biology protocols, contrasting them against classical genetic and biochemical approaches. We make these evaluations based on three parameters: occupancy; functional information; and spatial restriction. We demonstrate how the specific choice of chemical reagent and experimental set-up unite to resolve biological problems. Potential improvements/extensions as well as specific controls that in our opinion are often overlooked or employed incorrectly are also considered. Finally, we discuss some of the latest emerging methods to illuminate how chemical-biology innovations provide a gateway toward information hitherto inaccessible by conventional genetic/biochemical means. Finally, we also caution against solely relying on chemical-biology strategies and urge the field to undertake orthogonal validations to ensure robustness of results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuyu Liu
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yimon Aye
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
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29
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Lu Y, Tao F, Zhou MT, Tang KF. The signaling pathways that mediate the anti-cancer effects of caloric restriction. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:512-520. [PMID: 30641278 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to promote longevity and ameliorate aging-associated diseases, including cancer. Extensive research over recent decades has revealed that CR reduces IGF-1/PI3K/AKT signaling and increases sirtuin signaling. We recently found that CR also enhances ALDOA/DNA-PK/p53 signaling. In the present review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of the IGF-1/PI3K/AKT pathway, sirtuin signaling, and the ALDOA/DNA-PK/p53 pathway by CR. We also summarize the evidence concerning the roles of these signaling pathways in carcinogenesis, and discuss how they are regulated by CR. Finally, we discuss the crosstalk between these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Lu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Fengxing Tao
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Meng-Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China; Digestive Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China.
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30
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Chang YC, Yang YC, Tien CP, Yang CJ, Hsiao M. Roles of Aldolase Family Genes in Human Cancers and Diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:549-559. [PMID: 29907340 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aldolase family members involved in metabolism and glycolysis are present in three isoforms: ALDOA, ALDOB, and ALDOC. Aldolases are differentially expressed in human tissues, and aberrant expression has been observed in several human diseases and cancer types. However, non-enzymatic functions through protein-protein interactions or epigenetic modifications have been reported in recent years. Using high-throughput screening and -omics database integration, aldolase has been validated as an independent clinical prognostic marker of human cancers. Therefore, the aim of this review was to provide potential clinical value from in silico predictions and also summarize well-known signaling axes or phenotypes in various cancer types. Finally, we discuss the role of aldolase in the treatment of human diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chan Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ping Tien
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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31
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Huangyang P, Simon MC. Hidden features: exploring the non-canonical functions of metabolic enzymes. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/8/dmm033365. [PMID: 29991493 PMCID: PMC6124551 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.033365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of cellular metabolism has been rigorously revisited over the past decade, especially in the field of cancer research, revealing new insights that expand our understanding of malignancy. Among these insights is the discovery that various metabolic enzymes have surprising activities outside of their established metabolic roles, including in the regulation of gene expression, DNA damage repair, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Many of these newly identified functions are activated in response to growth factor signaling, nutrient and oxygen availability, and external stress. As such, multifaceted enzymes directly link metabolism to gene transcription and diverse physiological and pathological processes to maintain cell homeostasis. In this Review, we summarize the current understanding of non-canonical functions of multifaceted metabolic enzymes in disease settings, especially cancer, and discuss specific circumstances in which they are employed. We also highlight the important role of subcellular localization in activating these novel functions. Understanding their non-canonical properties should enhance the development of new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Summary: This Review summarizes recent findings about multifaceted metabolic enzymes with non-canonical activities outside their core biochemical functions, and how they may provide new therapeutic strategies for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwei Huangyang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Departments of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA .,Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Haque MW, Bose P, Siddique MUM, Sunita P, Lapenna A, Pattanayak SP. Taxifolin binds with LXR (α & β) to attenuate DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis through mTOR/Maf-1/PTEN pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:27-36. [PMID: 29843042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene(DMBA), a PAH derivative initializes cascades of signaling events that alters a variety of enzymes responsible for lipid and glucose homeostasis resulting in enhanced availability and consumption of energy producing molecules for the development of carcinogenesis. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR) is a key enzyme regulating the pathway of synthesis of cholesterol whereas liver-X-receptor (LXR) regulates lipid, carbohydrate metabolism in various malignancies including mammary carcinogenesis (MC). In this study Taxifolin (TAX), a potential flavanoid has been subjected to evaluate its anti-cancer potential on (MC). METHODS We designed to screen the molecular docking analysis of TAX on LXRα, LXRβ, HMG-CoAR, mTOR and PTEN using MAESTRO tool comparing with their reference ligands. MC was developed by the administration of DMBA in the air pouch (under the mammary fat pad) of the female Sprague-Dawley rats (55 days old). After 90 days of cancer induction, the chemotherapeutic potential of TAX was evaluated by administering TAX at different doses (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg b.w./day). Then western blot and RT-qPCR analysis were performed for determination of the protein and mRNA expressions respectively. RESULTS The docking analysis revealed significant interaction with LXR (α&β), HMG-CoAR, mTOR and PTEN. The docking results were validated with the enzyme inhibition assay using HMG-CoAR (EC 1.1.1.34). TAX inhibited the HMG-CoAR activity with an IC50 value of 97.54 ± 2.5 nM whereas the reference molecule pavastatin revealed an IC50 value of 84.35 ± 1.2 nM. Moreover, TAX modulated the energy regulation on DMBA-induced MC in SD-rats by significantly restoring the cancer-induced alterations in body weight, tumor growth and lipid, lipoproteins, lipid metabolizing enzymes and glycolytic enzymes. TAX interacted with LXRs, HMG-CoAR, metabolic enzymes and restored the altered metabolism that accelerates uncontrolled cell proliferation in MC. Moreover, TAX also altered the mRNA and protein expressions of HMG-CoAR, LXR (α,β), Maf1, PTEN, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, mTOR, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION These results validate the anti-cancer potential of TAX in DMBA-induced MC through LXR-mTOR/Maf1/PTEN axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Wasimul Haque
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Pritha Bose
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Mohd Usman Mohd Siddique
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Priyashree Sunita
- Government Pharmacy Institute, Department of Health, Education & Family Welfare, Govt. of Jharkhand, Bariatu, Ranchi, 834009, India
| | - Antonio Lapenna
- Academic Unit of Inflammation & Tumor Targeting, Dept. of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Shakti P Pattanayak
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India.
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Fu H, Gao H, Qi X, Zhao L, Wu D, Bai Y, Li H, Liu X, Hu J, Shao S. Aldolase A promotes proliferation and G 1/S transition via the EGFR/MAPK pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2018; 38:18. [PMID: 29764507 PMCID: PMC5993145 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-018-0290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study demonstrated that aldolase A (ALDOA) is overexpressed in clinical human lung squamous cell carcinoma and that ALDOA promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to explore the function of ALDOA in the modulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation and cell cycle progression and the potential mechanism. METHODS ALDOA was knocked down by short hairpin RNA in H520 and H1299 cells. ALDOA was overexpressed with vectors carrying the full-length ALDOA sequence in H1299 and H157 cells. The proliferation capacities were assessed with immunohistochemical staining, Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. The cell cycle distribution was examined by flow cytometry, and molecular alterations were determined by western blotting. Cell synchronization was induced with nocodazole. The stability of cyclin D1 mRNA was tested. The pyruvate kinase M2 and ALDOA protein distributions were examined. Aerobic glycolysis was evaluated with Cell Titer-Glo assay, glucose colorimetric assay and lactate colorimetric assay. RESULTS ALDOA knockdown inhibited the proliferation and G1/S transition in H520 cells. Conversely, ALDOA overexpression promoted the proliferation and G1/S transition in H157 cells. The cell cycle synchronization assay showed that ALDOA expression increased in the G1 phase and G1/S transition. Furthermore, ALDOA knockdown reduced cyclin D1 expression by regulating epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase (EGFR/MAPK) pathway. Similar results were found in H1299 and H157 cells. The inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 prompted the nuclear distribution of ALDOA. Additionally, ALDOA knockdown reduced nuclear distribution of PKM2, the extracellular lactate and intracellular adenosine triphosphate concentrations and elevated the extracellular glucose concentration. CONCLUSIONS ALDOA contributed to activation of the EGFR/MAPK pathway, thus promoting cyclin D1 expression and enhancing proliferation and G1/S transition in NSCLC. Additionally, ALDOA facilitated NSCLC aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailu Fu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Qi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Donghua Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Bai
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China.
| | - Shujuan Shao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section, South Lvhsun Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, P. R. China.
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Peerapen P, Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. Protein Network Analysis and Functional Studies of Calcium Oxalate Crystal-Induced Cytotoxicity in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1800008. [PMID: 29464862 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our previous expression study has reported a set of proteins with altered levels in renal tubular cells after exposure to calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals, which are the main composition of kidney stones. However, their functional significance remained largely unknown. In this study, protein network analysis revealed that the significantly altered proteins induced by COM crystals were involved mainly in three main functional networks, including i) cell proliferation and wound healing; ii) oxidative stress and mitochondrial function; and iii) cellular junction complex and integrity. Cell proliferation and wound healing assays showed that the COM-treated cells had defective proliferation and tissue healing capability, respectively. Oxyblot analysis demonstrated accumulation of the oxidized proteins, whereas intracellular ATP level was significantly increased in the COM-treated cells. Additionally, level of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), a tight junction protein, was significantly decreased, consistent with the significant declines in transepithelial resistance (TER) and level of RhoA signaling molecule in the COM-treated cells. These findings indicate significant perturbations in mitochondrial and oxidative stress axis that cause defective cell proliferation, tissue healing capability, junctional protein complex, and cellular integrity of renal tubular epithelial cells exposed to COM crystals that may play important roles in kidney stone pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Callegaro G, Forcella M, Melchioretto P, Frattini A, Gribaldo L, Fusi P, Fabbri M, Urani C. Toxicogenomics applied to in vitro Cell Transformation Assay reveals mechanisms of early response to cadmium. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 48:232-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Chen J, Hu X, Cui J. Shikonin, vitamin K 3 and vitamin K 5 inhibit multiple glycolytic enzymes in MCF-7 cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7423-7432. [PMID: 29725454 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is the most important source of energy for the production of anabolic building blocks in cancer cells. Therefore, glycolytic enzymes are regarded as potential targets for cancer treatment. Previously, naphthaquinones, including shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5, have been proven to decrease the rate of glycolysis in cancer cells, which is partly due to suppressed pyruvate kinase activity. In the present study, enzymatic assays were performed using MCF-7 cell lysate in order to screen the profile of glycolytic enzymes in cancer cells inhibited by shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5, in addition to pyruvate kinase. Results revealed that hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase produced in the process of glycolysis were inhibited by shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5. The results indicated that shikonin, vitamin K3 and vitamin K5 are chemical inhibitors of glycolytic enzymes in cancer cells and have potential uses in translational medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, The Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, P.R. China
| | - Xun Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory for Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jingjie Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Information Science and Instrument Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
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Identification of a gene expression signature associated with the metastasis suppressor function of NME1: prognostic value in human melanoma. J Transl Med 2018; 98:327-338. [PMID: 29058705 PMCID: PMC5839922 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although NME1 is well known for its ability to suppress metastasis of melanoma, the molecular mechanisms underlying this activity are not completely understood. Herein, we utilized a bioinformatics approach to systematically identify genes whose expression is correlated with the metastasis suppressor function of NME1. This was accomplished through a search for genes that were regulated by NME1, but not by NME1 variants lacking metastasis suppressor activity. This approach identified a number of novel genes, such as ALDOC, CXCL11, LRP1b, and XAGE1 as well as known targets such as NETO2, which were collectively designated as an NME1-Regulated Metastasis Suppressor Signature (MSS). The MSS was associated with prolonged overall survival in a large cohort of melanoma patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The median overall survival of melanoma patients with elevated expression of the MSS genes was >5.6 years longer compared with that of patients with lower expression of the MSS genes. These data demonstrate that NMEl represents a powerful tool for identifying genes whose expression is associated with metastasis and survival of melanoma patients, suggesting their potential applications as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in advanced forms of this lethal cancer.
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Lariciresinol induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 821:1-10. [PMID: 29247613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lariciresinol (LA) is one of the main active ingredients in many traditional medicinal plants such as Patrinia, and has the role of anti-liver cancer. However, the precise mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of LA against HepG2 cells. LA anti-tumor activity was assessed with the CCK-8, Ki-67, and immunofluorescence staining. Cells apoptotic ratio was evaluated by Annexin V/PI double-staining assay. A proteomic approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins after LA treatment. JC-1 staining was carried out to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and the Western blot analysis was used to analyse the apoptosis-associated proteins. Our results suggested that LA significantly suppressed the viability of HepG2 cells. The CCK-8 and Ki-67 expression indicated dose-dependent decreases in cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that LA exhibited a apoptosis-inducing effect. The proteomic study observed the presence of apoptosis-associated proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 cells after LA-treatment. Further analysis showed that LA could trigger the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway, based on a decrease in ΔΨm; deliver of cytochrome c; activation of caspase-9/-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; and decrease of the proportion of Bcl-2/Bax. Collectively, our studies found that LA exhibits significant cytotoxic effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, possibly via activation of the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway.
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Ma D, Chen X, Zhang PY, Zhang H, Wei LJ, Hu S, Tang JZ, Zhou MT, Xie C, Ou R, Xu Y, Tang KF. Upregulation of the ALDOA/DNA-PK/p53 pathway by dietary restriction suppresses tumor growth. Oncogene 2017; 37:1041-1048. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Chen T, Huang Z, Tian Y, Wang H, Ouyang P, Chen H, Wu L, Lin B, He R. Role of triosephosphate isomerase and downstream functional genes on gastric cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1822-1832. [PMID: 28737830 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) is highly expressed in many types of human tumors and is involved in migration and invasion of cancer cells. However, TPI clinicopathological significance and malignant function in gastric cancer (GC) have not been well defined. The present study aimed to examine TPI expression in GC tissue and its biological functions. Furthermore, we investigated its downstream genes by gene chip technology. Our results showed that TPI expression was higher in gastric cancer tissues than adjacent tissues, although no statistical differences were found between TPI expression and clinicopathological factors. TPI overexpression in human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 enhanced cell proliferation, invasion and migration, but did not change cell cycle distribution, while TPI knockdown suppressed proliferation, invasion and migration, induced apoptosis and increased G2/M arrest of human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC-803. Since the cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5) was identified as the one with the most decreased expression after TPI knockdown, we investigated its role in MGC-803 cells. The results showed that CDCA5 knockdown also inhibited proliferation, migration, induced apoptosis and increased G2/M arrest similarly to TPI knockdown. CDCA5 overexpression promoted MGC-803 cell proliferation, clone formation and migration abilities. These results indicated that TPI expression level might affect GC cell behavior, suggesting that both TPI and CDCA5 might be considered as potential tumor markers related with GC development and might be potential new targets in GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Tian
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Haiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Scientific Research Centre, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Haoqin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalang Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalang Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bode Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Rongwei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Zhang CS, Hawley SA, Zong Y, Li M, Wang Z, Gray A, Ma T, Cui J, Feng JW, Zhu M, Wu YQ, Li TY, Ye Z, Lin SY, Yin H, Piao HL, Hardie DG, Lin SC. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and aldolase mediate glucose sensing by AMPK. Nature 2017; 548:112-116. [PMID: 28723898 PMCID: PMC5544942 DOI: 10.1038/nature23275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The major energy source for most cells is glucose, from which ATP is generated via glycolysis and/or oxidative metabolism. Glucose deprivation activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), but it is unclear whether this activation occurs solely via changes in AMP or ADP, the classical activators of AMPK. Here, we describe an AMP/ADP-independent mechanism that triggers AMPK activation by sensing the absence of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), with AMPK being progressively activated as extracellular glucose and intracellular FBP decrease. When unoccupied by FBP, aldolases promote the formation of a lysosomal complex containing at least v-ATPase, ragulator, axin, liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and AMPK, which has previously been shown to be required for AMPK activation. Knockdown of aldolases activates AMPK even in cells with abundant glucose, whereas the catalysis-defective D34S aldolase mutant, which still binds FBP, blocks AMPK activation. Cell-free reconstitution assays show that addition of FBP disrupts the association of axin and LKB1 with v-ATPase and ragulator. Importantly, in some cell types AMP/ATP and ADP/ATP ratios remain unchanged during acute glucose starvation, and intact AMP-binding sites on AMPK are not required for AMPK activation. These results establish that aldolase, as well as being a glycolytic enzyme, is a sensor of glucose availability that regulates AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Simon A Hawley
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Yue Zong
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alexander Gray
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Teng Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiwen Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jin-Wei Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Mingjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Terytty Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhiyun Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shu-Yong Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hai-Long Piao
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - D Grahame Hardie
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Sheng-Cai Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
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Zhang F, Lin JD, Zuo XY, Zhuang YX, Hong CQ, Zhang GJ, Cui XJ, Cui YK. Elevated transcriptional levels of aldolase A (ALDOA) associates with cell cycle-related genes in patients with NSCLC and several solid tumors. BioData Min 2017; 10:6. [PMID: 28191039 PMCID: PMC5297095 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-016-0122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldolase A (ALDOA) is one of the glycolytic enzymes primarily found in the developing embryo and adult muscle. Recently, a new role of ALDOA in several cancers has been proposed. However, the underlying mechanism remains obscure and inconsistent. In this study, we tried to investigate ALDOA-associated (AA) genes using available microarray datasets to help elucidating the role of ALDOA in cancer. RESULTS In the dataset of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC, E-GEOD-19188), 3448 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including ALDOA were identified, in which 710 AA genes were found to be positively associated with ALDOA. Then according to correlation coefficients between each pair of AA genes, ALDOA-associated gene co-expression network (GCN) was constructed including 182 nodes and 1619 edges. 11 clusters out of GCN were detected by ClusterOne plugin in Cytoscape, and only 3 of them have more than three nodes. These three clusters were functionally enriched. A great number of genes (43/79, 54.4%) in the biggest cluster (Cluster 1) primarily involved in biological process like cell cycle process (Pa = 6.76E-26), mitotic cell cycle (Pa = 4.09E-19), DNA repair (Pa = 1.13E-04), M phase of meiotic cell cycle (Pa = 0.006), positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity during mitotic cell cycle (Pa = 0.014). AA genes with highest degree and betweenness were considered as hub genes of GCN, namely CDC20, MELK, PTTG1, CCNB2, CDC45, CCNB1, TK1 and PSMB2, which could distinguish cancer from normal controls with ALDOA. Their positive association with ALDOA remained after removing the effect of HK2 and PKM, the two rate limiting enzymes in glycolysis. Further, knocking down ALDOA blocked breast cancer cells in the G0/G1 phase under minimized glycolysis. All suggested that ALDOA might affect cell cycle progression independent of glycolysis. RT-qPCR detection confirmed the relationship of ALDOA with CDC45 and CCNB2 in breast tumors. High expression of the hub genes indicated poor outcome in NSCLC. ALDOA could improve their predictive power. CONCLUSIONS ALDOA could contribute to the progress of cancer, at least partially through its association with genes relevant to cell cycle independent of glycolysis. AA genes plus ALDOA represent a potential new signature for development and prognosis in several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Jie-Diao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zuo
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Cui
- Department of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Yu-Kun Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 China
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Kawai K, Uemura M, Munakata K, Takahashi H, Haraguchi N, Nishimura J, Hata T, Matsuda C, Ikenaga M, Murata K, Mizushima T, Yamamoto H, Doki Y, Mori M. Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A is a key regulator of hypoxic adaptation in colorectal cancer cells and involved in treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:525-534. [PMID: 28000858 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an essential feature of cancer malignancy, but there are no methods for the routine detection of hypoxia-inducible prognostic factors and potential therapeutic targets. We reported previously that the hypoxic tumor cells of metastatic liver tissue from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) could be used as an 'in vivo' hypoxia culture model. Several potential hypoxia-inducible genes were identified using this model. Among them, one glycolytic enzyme was of special interest. There is currently increasing attention on glycolytic enzymes as potential therapeutic targets due to their association with cancer-specific metabolism. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of cancer malignancy, we investigated the expression of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA) and its relationship with cancer metabolism. We found that ALDOA was induced by hypoxia in CRC-derived cell lines, and univariate and multivariate analyses of microarray data from the resected CRC samples of 222 patients revealed that ALDOA was an independent prognostic factor for CRC. We also analyzed the malignant potential of ALDOA in vitro using overexpression and knockdown assays. We found that ALDOA was negatively related to chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity and positively associated with proliferation, sphere formation and invasion in both normoxia and hypoxia. These associations were due to the roles of ALDOA in regulating glycolysis, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the cell cycle. These findings demonstrate that ALDOA is a hypoxia-inducible prognostic factor that is closely related to CRC malignancy, and also provide new insights into the importance of ALDOA and glycolysis in cancer and suggest new targets for anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kawai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Koji Munakata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Naotsugu Haraguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Junichi Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Taishi Hata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Chu Matsuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ikenaga
- Department of Surgery, Higashi-osaka City General Hospital, Higashiosaka, Osaka 578-8588, Japan
| | - Kohei Murata
- Department of Surgery, Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka 564‑0082, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
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Grandjean G, de Jong PR, James B, Koh MY, Lemos R, Kingston J, Aleshin A, Bankston LA, Miller CP, Cho EJ, Edupuganti R, Devkota A, Stancu G, Liddington RC, Dalby K, Powis G. Definition of a Novel Feed-Forward Mechanism for Glycolysis-HIF1α Signaling in Hypoxic Tumors Highlights Aldolase A as a Therapeutic Target. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4259-4269. [PMID: 27261507 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF1α drives expression of many glycolytic enzymes. Here, we show that hypoxic glycolysis, in turn, increases HIF1α transcriptional activity and stimulates tumor growth, revealing a novel feed-forward mechanism of glycolysis-HIF1α signaling. Negative regulation of HIF1α by AMPK1 is bypassed in hypoxic cells, due to ATP elevation by increased glycolysis, thereby preventing phosphorylation and inactivation of the HIF1α transcriptional coactivator p300. Notably, of the HIF1α-activated glycolytic enzymes we evaluated by gene silencing, aldolase A (ALDOA) blockade produced the most robust decrease in glycolysis, HIF-1 activity, and cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, either RNAi-mediated silencing of ALDOA or systemic treatment with a specific small-molecule inhibitor of aldolase A was sufficient to increase overall survival in a xenograft model of metastatic breast cancer. In establishing a novel glycolysis-HIF-1α feed-forward mechanism in hypoxic tumor cells, our results also provide a preclinical rationale to develop aldolase A inhibitors as a generalized strategy to treat intractable hypoxic cancer cells found widely in most solid tumors. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4259-69. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Grandjean
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Houston, TX.,Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Petrus R de Jong
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Brian James
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mei Yee Koh
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Robert Lemos
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - John Kingston
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Houston, TX
| | - Alexander Aleshin
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Laurie A Bankston
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Claudia P Miller
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Eun Jeong Cho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Ramakrishna Edupuganti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Ashwini Devkota
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Gabriel Stancu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Robert C Liddington
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kevin Dalby
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Garth Powis
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
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45
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Li Z, Zhang H. Reprogramming of glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism for cancer progression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:377-92. [PMID: 26499846 PMCID: PMC11108301 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is widely observed during cancer development to confer cancer cells the ability to survive and proliferate, even under the stressed, such as nutrient-limiting, conditions. It is famously known that cancer cells favor the "Warburg effect", i.e., the enhanced glycolysis or aerobic glycolysis, even when the ambient oxygen supply is sufficient. In addition, deregulated anabolism/catabolism of fatty acids and amino acids, especially glutamine, serine and glycine, have been identified to function as metabolic regulators in supporting cancer cell growth. Furthermore, extensive crosstalks are being revealed between the deregulated metabolic network and cancer cell signaling. These exciting advancements have inspired new strategies for treating various malignancies by targeting cancer metabolism. Here we review recent findings related to the regulation of glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, their crosstalk, and relevant cancer therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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46
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Tao QF, Yuan SX, Yang F, Yang S, Yang Y, Yuan JH, Wang ZG, Xu QG, Lin KY, Cai J, Yu J, Huang WL, Teng XL, Zhou CC, Wang F, Sun SH, Zhou WP. Aldolase B inhibits metastasis through Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 and serves as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:170. [PMID: 26376879 PMCID: PMC4574028 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Downregulation of Aldolase B (ALDOB) has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, its clinical significance and its role in pathogenesis of HCC remain largely unknown. Methods We analyzed the expression of ALDOB and its clinical features in a large cohort of 313 HCC patients using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the function of stably overexpressed ALDOB in HCC cells was explored in vitro and in vivo. Gene expression microarray analysis was performed on ALDOB-overexpressing SMMC7721 cells to elucidate its mechanism of action. Results ALDOB downregulation in HCC was significantly correlated with aggressive characteristics including absence of encapsulation, increased tumor size (>5 cm) and early recurrence. ALDOB downregulation was indicative of a shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for all HCC patients and early-stage HCC patients (BCLC 0-A and TNM I stage patients). Multiple analyses revealed that ALDOB downregulation was an independent risk factor of RFS and OS. Stable expression of ALDOB in HCC cell lines reduced cell migration in vitro and inhibited lung metastasis, intrahepatic metastasis, and reduced circulating tumor cells in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that cells stably expressing ALDOB show elevated Ten–Eleven Translocation 1 (TET1) expression. Moreover, ALDOB expressing cells have higher levels of methylglyoxal than do control cells, which can upregulate TET1 expression. Conclusion The downregulation of ALDOB could indicate a poor prognosis for HCC patients, and therefore, ALDOB might be considered a prognostic biomarker for HCC, especially at the early stage. In addition, ALDOB inhibits the invasive features of cell lines partly through TET1 expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0437-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Fei Tao
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Sheng-Xian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Fu Yang
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sen Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Ji-Hang Yuan
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhen-Guang Wang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Qing-Guo Xu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Kong-Ying Lin
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Cai
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Yu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Wei-Long Huang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Teng
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Chuan-Chuan Zhou
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shu-Han Sun
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, 200438, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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47
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Álvarez-Micó X, Rocha DD, Guimarães LA, Ambrose A, Chapman E, Costa-Lotufo LV, La Clair JJ, Fenical W. The Hybrid Pyrroloisoindolone-Dehydropyrrolizine Alkaloid (-)-Chlorizidine A Targets Proteins within the Glycolytic Pathway. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2002-6. [PMID: 26267855 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic activity of (-)-chlorizidine A, a marine alkaloid containing a unique fusion between a pyrroloisoindolone and dehydropyrrolizine, was explored by using a combination of cellular and molecular methods. Our studies began by applying preliminary SAR evidence gathered from semisynthetic bioactivity evaluations to prepare an active immunoaffinity fluorescent (IAF) probe. This probe was then used to identify two cytosolic proteins, GAPDH and hENO1, as the targets of (-)-chlorizidine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Álvarez-Micó
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0204, USA
| | - Danilo D Rocha
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-270, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Guimarães
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-270, Brazil
| | - Andrew Ambrose
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Eli Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Leticia V Costa-Lotufo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-270, Brazil.,Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - James J La Clair
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0358, USA.
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0204, USA.
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48
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Ritterson Lew C, Guin S, Theodorescu D. Targeting glycogen metabolism in bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2015; 12:383-91. [PMID: 26032551 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2015.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism has been a heavily investigated topic in cancer research for the past decade. Although the role of aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) in cancer has been extensively studied, abnormalities in other metabolic pathways are only just being understood in cancer. One such pathway is glycogen metabolism; its involvement in cancer development, particularly in urothelial malignancies, and possible ways of exploiting aberrations in this process for treatment are currently being studied. New research shows that the glycogen debranching enzyme amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase, 4-α-glucanotransferase (AGL) is a novel tumour suppressor in bladder cancer. Loss of AGL leads to rapid proliferation of bladder cancer cells. Another enzyme involved in glycogen debranching, glycogen phosphorylase, has been shown to be a tumour promoter in cancer, including in prostate cancer. Studies demonstrate that bladder cancer cells in which AGL expression is lost are more metabolically active than cells with intact AGL expression, and these cells are more sensitive to inhibition of both glycolysis and glycine synthesis--two targetable pathways. As a tumour promoter and enzyme, glycogen phosphorylase can be directly targeted, and preclinical inhibitor studies are promising. However, few of these glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors have been tested for cancer treatment in the clinical setting. Several possible limitations to the targeting of AGL and glycogen phosphorylase might also exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Ritterson Lew
- Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Colorado, 12700 East 19th Avenue, RC2/P15-6430D/MS-8609, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sunny Guin
- Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Colorado, 12700 East 19th Avenue, RC2/P15-6430D/MS-8609, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, MS F-434, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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49
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Konieczna A, Szczepańska A, Sawiuk K, Łyżeń R, Węgrzyn G. Enzymes of the central carbon metabolism: Are they linkers between transcription, DNA replication, and carcinogenesis? Med Hypotheses 2015; 84:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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50
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Gao S, Li H, Feng XJ, Li M, Liu ZP, Cai Y, Lu J, Huang XY, Wang JJ, Li Q, Chen SR, Ye JT, Liu PQ. α-Enolase plays a catalytically independent role in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 79:92-103. [PMID: 25446184 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Enolase is a glycolytic enzyme with "second jobs" beyond its catalytic activity. However, its possible contribution to cardiac dysfunction remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the role of α-enolase in doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiomyopathy as well as the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES The expression of α-enolase was detected in rat hearts and primary cultured rat cardiomyocytes with or without Dox administration. An adenovirus carrying short-hairpin interfering RNA targeting α-enolase was constructed and transduced specifically into the heart by intramyocardial injection. Heart function, cell apoptosis and mitochondrial function were measured following Dox administration. In addition, by using gain- and loss-of-function approaches to regulate α-enolase expression in primary cultured rat cardiomyocytes, we investigated the role of endogenous, wide type and catalytically inactive mutant α-enolase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ATP generation. Furthermore, the involvement of α-enolase in AMPK phosphorylation was also studied. KEY RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression of cardiac α-enolase was significantly upregulated by Dox. Genetic silencing of α-enolase in rat hearts and cultured cardiomyocytes attenuated Dox-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, overexpression of wide-type or catalytically inactive α-enolase in cardiomyocytes mimicked the detrimental role of Dox in inducing apoptosis and ATP reduction. AMPK dephosphorylation was further demonstrated to be involved in the proapoptotic and ATP-depriving effects of α-enolase. CONCLUSION Our findings provided the evidence that α-enolase has a catalytically independent role in inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, which could be at least partially contributed to the inhibition of AMPK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China; School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 257 Liu-shi Road, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiao-jun Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhi-ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yi Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China; Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510182, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiao-yang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiao-jiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shao-rui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian-tao Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Pei-qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, No. 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China.
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