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Ablooglu AJ, Chen WS, Xie Z, Desai A, Paul S, Lack JB, Scott LA, Eisch AR, Dudek AZ, Parikh SM, Druey KM. Intrinsic endothelial hyperresponsiveness to inflammatory mediators drives acute episodes in models of Clarkson disease. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e169137. [PMID: 38502192 DOI: 10.1172/jci169137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Clarkson disease, or monoclonal gammopathy-associated idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS), is a rare, relapsing-remitting disorder featuring the abrupt extravasation of fluids and proteins into peripheral tissues, which in turn leads to hypotensive shock, severe hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia. The specific leakage factor(s) and pathways in ISCLS are unknown, and there is no effective treatment for acute flares. Here, we characterize an autonomous vascular endothelial defect in ISCLS that was recapitulated in patient-derived endothelial cells (ECs) in culture and in a mouse model of disease. ISCLS-derived ECs were functionally hyperresponsive to permeability-inducing factors like VEGF and histamine, in part due to increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. eNOS blockade by administration of N(γ)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) ameliorated vascular leakage in an SJL/J mouse model of ISCLS induced by histamine or VEGF challenge. eNOS mislocalization and decreased protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) expression may contribute to eNOS hyperactivation in ISCLS-derived ECs. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into microvascular barrier dysfunction in ISCLS and highlight a potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ararat J Ablooglu
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
| | - Wei-Sheng Chen
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
| | - Zhihui Xie
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
| | - Abhishek Desai
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
| | - Subrata Paul
- Integrative Data Sciences Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Justin B Lack
- Integrative Data Sciences Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Linda A Scott
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
| | - A Robin Eisch
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
| | - Arkadiusz Z Dudek
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kirk M Druey
- Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and
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2
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Ho HL, Tsai MH, Hsieh YH, Huo TI, Chang CC, Lee FY, Huang HC, Hou MC, Lee SD. Folic acid ameliorates homocysteine-induced angiogenesis and portosystemic collaterals in cirrhotic rats. Ann Hepatol 2020; 18:633-639. [PMID: 31078441 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Liver cirrhosis is characterized by increased intrahepatic resistance, splanchnic vasodilation/angiogenesis, and formation of portosystemic collateral vessels. Collaterals can cause lethal complications such as gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage. Homocysteine is linked to vascular dysfunction and angiogenesis and higher levels have been reported in cirrhotic patients. It is also known that folic acid supplementation reverses the effects of homocysteine. However, the treatment effect in cirrhosis has yet to be investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Liver cirrhosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with common bile duct ligation (CBDL). The CBDL rats randomly received (1) vehicle; (2) dl-homocysteine thiolactone (1g/kg/day); (3) dl-homocysteine thiolactone plus folic acid (100mg/kg/day); or (4) folic acid. On the 29th day, hemodynamic parameters, liver and renal biochemistry, protein expressions of proangiogenic factors, mesenteric vascular density and portosystemic shunting were evaluated. RESULTS In the cirrhotic rats, homocysteine increased mesenteric vascular density and the severity of shunting. It also up-regulated the protein expressions of mesenteric vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and phosphorylated-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS). These effects were reversed by folic acid treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Folic acid ameliorated the adverse effects of homocysteine in the cirrhotic rats, which may be related to down-regulation of the VEGF-NO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Ho
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hung Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kuo Medical Center, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Ia Huo
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Yauh Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Dong Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Matsui R, Ferran B, Oh A, Croteau D, Shao D, Han J, Pimentel DR, Bachschmid MM. Redox Regulation via Glutaredoxin-1 and Protein S-Glutathionylation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:677-700. [PMID: 31813265 PMCID: PMC7047114 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Over the past several years, oxidative post-translational modifications of protein cysteines have been recognized for their critical roles in physiology and pathophysiology. Cells have harnessed thiol modifications involving both oxidative and reductive steps for signaling and protein processing. One of these stages requires oxidation of cysteine to sulfenic acid, followed by two reduction reactions. First, glutathione (reduced glutathione [GSH]) forms a S-glutathionylated protein, and second, enzymatic or chemical reduction removes the modification. Under physiological conditions, these steps confer redox signaling and protect cysteines from irreversible oxidation. However, oxidative stress can overwhelm protein S-glutathionylation and irreversibly modify cysteine residues, disrupting redox signaling. Critical Issues: Glutaredoxins mainly catalyze the removal of protein-bound GSH and help maintain protein thiols in a highly reduced state without exerting direct antioxidant properties. Conversely, glutathione S-transferase (GST), peroxiredoxins, and occasionally glutaredoxins can also catalyze protein S-glutathionylation, thus promoting a dynamic redox environment. Recent Advances: The latest studies of glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) transgenic or knockout mice demonstrate important distinct roles of Glrx in a variety of pathologies. Endogenous Glrx is essential to maintain normal hepatic lipid homeostasis and prevent fatty liver disease. Further, in vivo deletion of Glrx protects lungs from inflammation and bacterial pneumonia-induced damage, attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiovascular hypertrophy, and improves ischemic limb vascularization. Meanwhile, exogenous Glrx administration can reverse pathological lung fibrosis. Future Directions: Although S-glutathionylation modifies many proteins, these studies suggest that S-glutathionylation and Glrx regulate specific pathways in vivo, and they implicate Glrx as a potential novel therapeutic target to treat diverse disease conditions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 32, 677-700.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Matsui
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Beatriz Ferran
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Albin Oh
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dominique Croteau
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Di Shao
- Helens Clinical Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyan Han
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Richard Pimentel
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Markus Michael Bachschmid
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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4
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Li QF, Decker-Rockefeller B, Bajaj A, Pumiglia K. Activation of Ras in the Vascular Endothelium Induces Brain Vascular Malformations and Hemorrhagic Stroke. Cell Rep 2019; 24:2869-2882. [PMID: 30208313 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular malformations (CVMs) affect approximately 3% of the population, risking hemorrhagic stroke, seizures, and neurological deficits. Recently Ras mutations have been identified in a majority of brain arterio-venous malformations. We generated an endothelial-specific, inducible HRASV12 mouse model, which results in dilated, proliferative blood vessels in the brain, blood-brain barrier breakdown, intracerebral hemorrhage, and rapid lethality. Organoid morphogenesis models revealed abnormal cessation of proliferation, abnormalities in expression of tip and stalk genes, and a failure to properly form elongating tubes. These defects were influenced by both hyperactive PI-3' kinase signaling and altered TGF-β signaling. Several phenotypic changes predicted by the in vitro morphogenesis analysis were validated in the mouse model. These data provide a model of brain vascular malformations induced by mutant Ras and reveal insights into intersecting molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of brain vascular malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Fen Li
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | | | - Anshika Bajaj
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kevin Pumiglia
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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5
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Lermant A, Murdoch CE. Cysteine Glutathionylation Acts as a Redox Switch in Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E315. [PMID: 31426416 PMCID: PMC6720164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM) of receptors, enzymes, ion channels and transcription factors play an important role in cell signaling. oxPTMs are a key way in which oxidative stress can influence cell behavior during diverse pathological settings such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, neurodegeneration and inflammatory response. In addition, changes in oxPTM are likely to be ways in which low level reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) may contribute to redox signaling, exerting changes in physiological responses including angiogenesis, cardiac remodeling and embryogenesis. Among oxPTM, S-glutathionylation of reactive cysteines emerges as an important regulator of vascular homeostasis by modulating endothelial cell (EC) responses to their local redox environment. This review summarizes the latest findings of S-glutathionylated proteins in major EC pathways, and the functional consequences on vascular pathophysiology. This review highlights the diversity of molecules affected by S-glutathionylation, and the complex consequences on EC function, thereby demonstrating an intricate dual role of RONS-induced S-glutathionylation in maintaining vascular homeostasis and participating in various pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Lermant
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Colin E Murdoch
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK.
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Dorard C, Cseh B, Ehrenreiter K, Wimmer R, Varga A, Hirschmugl T, Maier B, Kramer K, Fürlinger S, Doma E, Baccarini M. RAF dimers control vascular permeability and cytoskeletal rearrangements at endothelial cell-cell junctions. FEBS J 2019; 286:2277-2294. [PMID: 30828992 PMCID: PMC6617973 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium functions as a semipermeable barrier regulating fluid homeostasis, nutrient, and gas supply to the tissue. Endothelial permeability is increased in several pathological conditions including inflammation and tumors; despite its clinical relevance, however, there are no specific therapies preventing vascular leakage. Here, we show that endothelial cell-restricted ablation of BRAF, a kinase frequently activated in cancer, prevents vascular leaking as well metastatic spread. BRAF regulates endothelial permeability by promoting the cytoskeletal rearrangements necessary for the remodeling of VE-Cadherin-containing endothelial cell-cell junctions and the formation of intercellular gaps. BRAF kinase activity and the ability to form complexes with RAS/RAP1 and dimers with its paralog RAF1 are required for proper permeability control, achieved mechanistically by modulating the interaction between RAF1 and the RHO effector ROKα. Thus, RAF dimerization impinges on RHO pathways to regulate cytoskeletal rearrangements, junctional plasticity, and endothelial permeability. The data advocate the development of RAF dimerization inhibitors, which would combine tumor cell autonomous effect with stabilization of the vasculature and antimetastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Botond Cseh
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Winnovation Consulting GmbHViennaAustria
| | | | - Reiner Wimmer
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Andrea Varga
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Department of Biophysics and Radiation BiologySemmelweis UniversityTűzoltó u. 37‐47BudapestH‐1094Hungary
| | - Tatjana Hirschmugl
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular ResearchGrazAustria
| | - Barbara Maier
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Karina Kramer
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Department for Health Sciences, Medicine and ResearchCenter for Regenerative MedicineDanube University KremsKremsAustria
| | - Sabine Fürlinger
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberach a.d. RissGermany
| | - Eszter Doma
- Max F. Perutz LaboratoriesUniversity of ViennaAustria
- Present address:
Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
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7
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Hernandez-Valladares M, Prior IA. Comparative proteomic analysis of compartmentalised Ras signalling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17307. [PMID: 26620772 PMCID: PMC4664896 DOI: 10.1038/srep17307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras proteins are membrane bound signalling hubs that operate from both the cell surface and endomembrane compartments. However, the extent to which intracellular pools of Ras can contribute to cell signalling is debated. To address this, we have performed a global screen of compartmentalised Ras signalling. We find that whilst ER/Golgi- and endosomal-Ras only generate weak outputs, Ras localised to the mitochondria or Golgi significantly and distinctly influence both the abundance and phosphorylation of a wide range of proteins analysed. Our data reveal that ~80% of phosphosites exhibiting large (≥1.5-fold) changes compared to control can be modulated by organellar Ras signalling. The majority of compartmentalised Ras-specific responses are predicted to influence gene expression, RNA splicing and cell proliferation. Our analysis reinforces the concept that compartmentalisation influences Ras signalling and provides detailed insight into the widespread modulation of responses downstream of endomembranous Ras signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hernandez-Valladares
- Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Prior
- Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
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8
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Sanders SS, Martin DDO, Butland SL, Lavallée-Adam M, Calzolari D, Kay C, Yates JR, Hayden MR. Curation of the Mammalian Palmitoylome Indicates a Pivotal Role for Palmitoylation in Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System and Cancers. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004405. [PMID: 26275289 PMCID: PMC4537140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylation involves the reversible posttranslational addition of palmitate to cysteines and promotes membrane binding and subcellular localization. Recent advancements in the detection and identification of palmitoylated proteins have led to multiple palmitoylation proteomics studies but these datasets are contained within large supplemental tables, making downstream analysis and data mining time-consuming and difficult. Consequently, we curated the data from 15 palmitoylation proteomics studies into one compendium containing 1,838 genes encoding palmitoylated proteins; representing approximately 10% of the genome. Enrichment analysis revealed highly significant enrichments for Gene Ontology biological processes, pathway maps, and process networks related to the nervous system. Strikingly, 41% of synaptic genes encode a palmitoylated protein in the compendium. The top disease associations included cancers and diseases and disorders of the nervous system, with Schizophrenia, HD, and pancreatic ductal carcinoma among the top five, suggesting that aberrant palmitoylation may play a pivotal role in the balance of cell death and survival. This compendium provides a much-needed resource for cell biologists and the palmitoylation field, providing new perspectives for cancer and neurodegeneration. Protein localization is essential for mediating protein function within the cellular context. Mislocalization of proteins can offset cellular balance, influencing whether a cell lives or dies. Many proteins are directed to cellular membranes through the addition of fats, or lipidation. In particular, palmitoylation involves the reversible addition of the fatty acid palmitate to cysteines. Its reversibility makes it a unique form of lipidation allowing its dynamic regulation. Recent advancements in fast, sensitive, non-radioactive methods to detect palmitoylation have led to an explosion in the identification of palmitoylated proteins through proteomics studies. However, the data is hidden in large supplemental tables in various formats. Thus, we curated a list of palmitoylated proteins revealing that approximately 10 percent of the human genome encodes for a proteoform that is palmitoylated. Computational analysis confirmed that palmitoylation is involved in protein localization and indicated a new role in metabolism. Importantly, we found that palmitoylation was enriched at neuronal synapses and in disorders of the nervous system, including Schizophrenia and Huntington disease. Interestingly, palmitoylation was equally enriched in cancers. Consequently, we suggest that palmitoylation plays a critical role in cell fate and our compendium provides a plethora of targets for neurodegeneration and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun S. Sanders
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dale D. O. Martin
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Stefanie L. Butland
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lavallée-Adam
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Diego Calzolari
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Chris Kay
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John R. Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Hayden
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Thompson MD, Mei Y, Weisbrod RM, Silver M, Shukla PC, Bolotina VM, Cohen RA, Tong X. Glutathione adducts on sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase Cys-674 regulate endothelial cell calcium stores and angiogenic function as well as promote ischemic blood flow recovery. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:19907-16. [PMID: 24920669 PMCID: PMC4106311 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.554451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) is key to Ca(2+) homeostasis and is redox-regulated by reversible glutathione (GSH) adducts on the cysteine (C) 674 thiol that stimulate Ca(2+) uptake activity and endothelial cell angiogenic responses in vitro. We found that mouse hind limb muscle ischemia induced S-glutathione adducts on SERCA in both whole muscle tissue and endothelial cells. To determine the role of S-glutathiolation, we used a SERCA 2 C674S heterozygote knock-in (SKI) mouse lacking half the key thiol. Following hind limb ischemia, SKI animals had decreased SERCA S-glutathione adducts and impaired blood flow recovery. We studied SKI microvascular endothelial cells in which total SERCA 2 expression was unchanged. Cultured SKI microvascular endothelial cells showed impaired migration and network formation compared with wild type (WT). Ca(2+) studies showed decreased nitric oxide (·NO)-induced (45)Ca(2+) uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of SKI cells, while Fura-2 studies revealed lower Ca(2+) stores and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and ·NO-induced Ca(2+) influx. Adenoviral overexpression of calreticulin, an ER Ca(2+) binding protein, increased ionomycin-releasable stores, VEGF-induced Ca(2+) influx and endothelial cell migration. Taken together, these data indicate that the redox-sensitive Cys-674 thiol on SERCA 2 is required for normal endothelial cell Ca(2+) homeostasis and ischemia-induced angiogenic responses, revealing a novel redox control of angiogenesis via Ca(2+) stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Thompson
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Yu Mei
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Robert M Weisbrod
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Marcy Silver
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Praphulla C Shukla
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Victoria M Bolotina
- the Ion Channel and Calcium Signaling Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, and
| | - Richard A Cohen
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118,
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- From the Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, the Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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10
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Murdoch CE, Shuler M, Haeussler DJF, Kikuchi R, Bearelly P, Han J, Watanabe Y, Fuster JJ, Walsh K, Ho YS, Bachschmid MM, Cohen RA, Matsui R. Glutaredoxin-1 up-regulation induces soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, attenuating post-ischemia limb revascularization. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8633-44. [PMID: 24482236 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.517219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx) is a cytosolic enzyme that regulates diverse cellular function by removal of GSH adducts from S-glutathionylated proteins including signaling molecules and transcription factors. Glrx is up-regulated during inflammation and diabetes, and Glrx overexpression inhibits VEGF-induced EC migration. The aim was to investigate the role of up-regulated Glrx in EC angiogenic capacities and in vivo revascularization in the setting of hind limb ischemia. Glrx-overexpressing EC from Glrx transgenic (TG) mice showed impaired migration and network formation and secreted higher levels of soluble VEGF receptor 1 (sFlt), an antagonizing factor to VEGF. After hind limb ischemia surgery Glrx TG mice demonstrated impaired blood flow recovery, associated with lower capillary density and poorer limb motor function compared with wild type littermates. There were also higher levels of anti-angiogenic sFlt expression in the muscle and plasma of Glrx TG mice after surgery. Noncanonical Wnt5a is known to induce sFlt. Wnt5a was highly expressed in ischemic muscles and EC from Glrx TG mice, and exogenous Wnt5a induced sFlt expression and inhibited network formation in human microvascular EC. Adenoviral Glrx-induced sFlt in EC was inhibited by a competitive Wnt5a inhibitor. Furthermore, Glrx overexpression removed GSH adducts on p65 in ischemic muscle and EC and enhanced NF-κB activity, which was responsible for Wnt5a-sFlt induction. Taken together, up-regulated Glrx induces sFlt in EC via NF-κB-dependent Wnt5a, resulting in attenuated revascularization in hind limb ischemia. The Glrx-induced sFlt explains part of the mechanism of redox-regulated VEGF signaling.
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