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Sunita Prajapati K, Gupta S, Chaudhri S, Kumar S. Role of ONECUT family transcription factors in cancer and other diseases. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114035. [PMID: 38593917 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Members of ONECUT transcription factor play an essential role in several developmental processes, however, the atypical expression of ONECUT proteins lead to numerous diseases, including cancer. ONECUT family proteins promote cell proliferation, progression, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and stemness. This family of proteins interacts with other proteins such as KLF4, TGF-β, VEGFA, PRC2, SMAD3 and alters their expression involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways including Jak/Stat3, Akt/Erk, TGF-β, Smad2/3, and HIF-1α. Furthermore, ONECUT proteins are proposed as predictive biomarkers for pancreatic and gastric cancers. The present review summarizes the involvement of ONECUT family proteins in the development and progression of various human cancers and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Guddha, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Smriti Chaudhri
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Guddha, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Molecular Signaling & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Guddha, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
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2
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Luo Y, Feng X, Lang W, Xu W, Wang W, Mei C, Ye L, Zhu S, Wang L, Zhou X, Zeng H, Ma L, Ren Y, Jin J, Xu R, Huang G, Tong H. Ectopic expression of the transcription factor ONECUT3 drives a complex karyotype in myelodysplastic syndromes. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172468. [PMID: 38386414 PMCID: PMC11014670 DOI: 10.1172/jci172468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability is a prominent biological feature of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), with over 50% of patients with MDS harboring chromosomal abnormalities or a complex karyotype (CK). Despite this observation, the mechanisms underlying mitotic and chromosomal defects in MDS remain elusive. In this study, we identified ectopic expression of the transcription factor ONECUT3, which is associated with CKs and poorer survival outcomes in MDS. ONECUT3-overexpressing cell models exhibited enrichment of several notable pathways, including signatures of sister chromosome exchange separation and mitotic nuclear division with the upregulation of INCENP and CDCA8 genes. Notably, dysregulation of chromosome passenger complex (CPC) accumulation, besides the cell equator and midbody, during mitotic phases consequently caused cytokinesis failure and defective chromosome segregation. Mechanistically, the homeobox (HOX) domain of ONECUT3, serving as the DNA binding domain, occupied the unique genomic regions of INCENP and CDCA8 and transcriptionally activated these 2 genes. We identified a lead compound, C5484617, that functionally targeted the HOX domain of ONECUT3, inhibiting its transcriptional activity on downstream genes, and synergistically resensitized MDS cells to hypomethylating agents. This study revealed that ONECUT3 promoted chromosomal instability by transcriptional activation of INCENP and CDCA8, suggesting potential prognostic and therapeutic roles for targeting high-risk MDS patients with a CK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwan Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaomin Feng
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Lang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihong Xu
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Nansha District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Mei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuanghong Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinping Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huimin Zeng
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liya Ma
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongzhen Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, and
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Al-Gazally ME, Khan R, Imran M, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Alshahrani SH, Altalbawy FMA, Turki Jalil A, Romero-Parra RM, Zabibah RS, Shahid Iqbal M, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. The role and mechanism of action of microRNA-122 in cancer: Focusing on the liver. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110713. [PMID: 37523968 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
microRNA-122 (miR-122) is a highly conserved microRNA that is predominantly expressed in the liver and plays a critical role in the regulation of liver metabolism. Recent studies have shown that miR-122 is involved in the pathogenesis of various types of cancer, particularly liver cancer. In this sense, The current findings highlighted the potential role of miR-122 in regulating many vital processes in cancer pathophysiology, including apoptosis, signaling pathway, cell metabolism, immune system response, migration, and invasion. These results imply that miR-122, which has been extensively studied for its biological functions and potential therapeutic applications, acts as a tumor suppressor or oncogene in cancer development. We first provide an overview and summary of the physiological function and mode of action of miR-122 in liver cancer. We will examine the various signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms through which miR-122 exerts its effects on cancer cells, including the regulation of oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes, the modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the regulation of metastasis. Most importantly, we will also discuss the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of miR-122 in cancer, including the development of miRNA-based biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and the potential use of miR-122 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramsha Khan
- MBBS, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- MBBS, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Farag M A Altalbawy
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Leyva-Díaz E. CUT homeobox genes: transcriptional regulation of neuronal specification and beyond. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1233830. [PMID: 37744879 PMCID: PMC10515288 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1233830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CUT homeobox genes represent a captivating gene class fulfilling critical functions in the development and maintenance of multiple cell types across a wide range of organisms. They belong to the larger group of homeobox genes, which encode transcription factors responsible for regulating gene expression patterns during development. CUT homeobox genes exhibit two distinct and conserved DNA binding domains, a homeodomain accompanied by one or more CUT domains. Numerous studies have shown the involvement of CUT homeobox genes in diverse developmental processes such as body axis formation, organogenesis, tissue patterning and neuronal specification. They govern these processes by exerting control over gene expression through their transcriptional regulatory activities, which they accomplish by a combination of classic and unconventional interactions with the DNA. Intriguingly, apart from their roles as transcriptional regulators, they also serve as accessory factors in DNA repair pathways through protein-protein interactions. They are highly conserved across species, highlighting their fundamental importance in developmental biology. Remarkably, evolutionary analysis has revealed that CUT homeobox genes have experienced an extraordinary degree of rearrangements and diversification compared to other classes of homeobox genes, including the emergence of a novel gene family in vertebrates. Investigating the functions and regulatory networks of CUT homeobox genes provides significant understanding into the molecular mechanisms underlying embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, aberrant expression or mutations in CUT homeobox genes have been associated with various human diseases, highlighting their relevance beyond developmental processes. This review will overview the well known roles of CUT homeobox genes in nervous system development, as well as their functions in other tissues across phylogeny.
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5
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Dissecting Molecular Heterogeneity of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) from Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients through Copy Number Aberration (CNA) and Single Nucleotide Variant (SNV) Single Cell Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163925. [PMID: 36010918 PMCID: PMC9405921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells' (CTCs) heterogeneity contributes to counteract their introduction in clinical practice. Through single-cell sequencing we aim at exploring CTC heterogeneity in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. Single CTCs were isolated using DEPArray NxT. After whole genome amplification, libraries were prepared for copy number aberration (CNA) and single nucleotide variant (SNV) analysis and sequenced using Ion GeneStudio S5 and Illumina MiSeq, respectively. CTCs demonstrate distinctive mutational signatures but retain molecular traces of their common origin. CNA profiling identifies frequent aberrations involving critical genes in pathogenesis: gains of 1q (CCND1) and 11q (WNT3A), loss of 22q (CHEK2). The longitudinal single-CTC analysis allows tracking of clonal selection and the emergence of resistance-associated aberrations, such as gain of a region in 12q (CDK4). A group composed of CTCs from different patients sharing common traits emerges. Further analyses identify losses of 15q and enrichment of terms associated with pseudopodium formation as frequent and exclusive events. CTCs from MBC patients are heterogeneous, especially concerning their mutational status. The single-cell analysis allows the identification of aberrations associated with resistance, and is a candidate tool to better address treatment strategy. The translational significance of the group populated by similar CTCs should be elucidated.
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Tanaka-Yachi R, Aizawa K, Shimizu K, Akutsu H, Nakamura K. Low-density cell culture enhances hepatic function through tight junction formation in HepG2 cells. Biol Cell 2022; 114:225-236. [PMID: 35603978 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An in vitro evaluation system using cultured hepatocytes is the most useful method in preclinical research, such as drug metabolism and toxicity test. Human hepatocytes should be used in an in vitro evaluation system because the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes varies among animal species. HepG2 cells, a liver cancer-derived cell line, are widely used as a human hepatocyte model; however, their hepatic functions are generally weak. In this study, we showed that low-density HepG2 cell culture induces hepatic function. The morphology of HepG2 cells was altered depending on the cell density at the time of seeding. Low-density cultured HepG2 cells proliferated as tightly packed colonies. The HepG2 cell colonies in low-density culture demonstrated enhanced tight junction formation. Tight junction protein gene expression levels, such as those of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM), claudin, occludin, and tricellulin, increased in low-density cultured HepG2 cells. Phase I and II metabolic enzymes, phase III transporter gene expression, and CYP3A4 activity also increased in low-density cultured HepG2 cells. Occludin and tricellulin knockdown inhibited the increased hepatic function in low-density cultures. Tricellulin knockdown reduced the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 (HNF6), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). In addition, the expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group h member 2 (NR1H2) increased in low-density cultures, canceled by occludin and tricellulin knockdown. Our results suggest that low-density HepG2 cell cultures enhance hepatic function by promoting tight junction formation and demonstrate the importance of cell density in drug evaluation using hepatocyte cell lines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved [As per the style sheet of the journal, Abstracts of Research Articles should have four sections: Background Information, Results, Conclusions and Significance. Please restructure the abstract as per the journal style.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Tanaka-Yachi
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development
| | - Kazuko Aizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development
| | - Kie Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development.,Faculty of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University
| | - Hidenori Akutsu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development
| | - Kazuaki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development.,Faculty of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University
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7
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Shi W, Wang D, Yuan X, Liu Y, Guo X, Li J, Song J. Glucocorticoid receptor-IRS-1 axis controls EMT and the metastasis of breast cancers. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:1042-1055. [PMID: 30726932 PMCID: PMC6934157 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes that are important for various biological functions, including tumor growth and metastatic progression. However, the cellular and biological effects of GR remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of GR and its underlying mechanism in mediating breast cancer cell survival and metastasis. We observed that the GR levels were increased in drug-resistant breast cancer cells and in metastatic breast cancer samples. GR promoted tumor cell invasion and lung metastasis in vivo. The GR expression levels were negatively correlated with the survival rates of breast cancer patients. Both ectopic expression and knockdown of GR revealed that GR is a strong inducer of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is consistent with its effects on cell survival and metastasis. GR suppressed the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) by acting as an IRS-1 transcriptional repressor. In addition, GR has an opposite effect on the expression levels of IRS-2, indicating that GR is able to differentially regulate the IRS-1 and IRS-2 expression. The cellular and biological effects elicited by GR were consistent with the reduced levels of IRS-1 observed in cancer cells, and GR-mediated IRS-1 suppression activated the ERK2 MAP kinase pathway, which is required for GR-mediated EMT. Taken together, our results indicate that GR–IRS-1 signaling axis plays an essential role in regulating the survival, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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8
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Host Transcription Factors in Hepatitis B Virus RNA Synthesis. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020160. [PMID: 32019103 PMCID: PMC7077322 DOI: 10.3390/v12020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infects over 250 million people worldwide and is one of the leading causes of liver cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV persistence is due in part to the highly stable HBV minichromosome or HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that resides in the nucleus. As HBV replication requires the help of host transcription factors to replicate, focusing on host protein–HBV genome interactions may reveal insights into new drug targets against cccDNA. The structural details on such complexes, however, remain poorly defined. In this review, the current literature regarding host transcription factors’ interactions with HBV cccDNA is discussed.
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9
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Chang Z. Downregulation of SOX2 may be targeted by miR-590-5p and inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in non-small-cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1189-1195. [PMID: 31316613 PMCID: PMC6601398 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading type of cancer worldwide and sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) has been implicated as an oncogene in various types of cancer. In the present study, SOX2 was positively associated with NSCLC stage and lymph node metastasis. Wound healing and Transwell assays demonstrated that knockdown of SOX2 inhibited A549 and H1299 cell migration. Furthermore, it was identified that knockdown of SOX2 inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of NSCLC cells, which was demonstrated by increased expression of epithelial-cadherin and decreased expression of vimentin, zinc finger protein SNAI1 and zinc finger protein SNAI2. It was then demonstrated that SOX2 may be targeted by microRNA (miR)-590-5p, which indicated a potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC focusing on the miR-590-5p/SOX2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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10
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Jiang K, Jiao Y, Liu Y, Fu D, Geng H, Chen L, Chen H, Shen X, Sun L, Ding K. HNF6 promotes tumor growth in colorectal cancer and enhances liver metastasis in mouse model. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3675-3684. [PMID: 30256389 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Yurong Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Dongliang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Haitao Geng
- Department of Oncology Binzhou Medical University Hospital Binzhou China
| | - Liubo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Xiangfeng Shen
- Department of Mastopathy Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of TCM Hangzhou China
| | - Lifeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
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11
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Zeng K, Chen X, Hu X, Liu X, Xu T, Sun H, Pan Y, He B, Wang S. LACTB, a novel epigenetic silenced tumor suppressor, inhibits colorectal cancer progression by attenuating MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination and degradation. Oncogene 2018; 37:5534-5551. [PMID: 29899406 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common aggressive malignancies. Like other solid tumors, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes occur during CRC development and progression. Recently, a novel tumor suppressor, LACTB, was proposed to inhibit tumor progression, but the functional and clinical significance of this tumor suppressor in CRC remains unexplored. Herein, we found LACTB was significantly downregulated in CRC due to promoter methylation and histone deacetylation, which was associated with metastasis and advanced clinical stage. CRC patients with low LACTB expression had poorer overall survival and LACTB also determined to be an independent prognostic factor for poorer outcome. Ectopic expression of LACTB suppressed CRC cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and inhibited CRC growth and metastasis in vivo, while knockout of LACTB by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique resulted in an opposite phenotype. Interestingly, LACTB could exert antitumorigenic effect only in HCT116 and HCT8 cells harboring wild-type TP53, but not in HT29 and SW480 cells harboring mutant TP53 or HCT116 p53-/- cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that LACTB could directly bind to the C terminus of p53 to inhibit p53 degradation by preventing MDM2 from interacting with p53. Moreover, ablation of p53 attenuated the antitumorigenic effects of LACTB overexpression in CRC. Collectively, our findings successfully demonstrate for the first time that LACTB is a novel epigenetic silenced tumor suppressor through modulating the stability of p53, supporting the pursuit of LACTB as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zeng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiuxiu Hu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiangxiang Liu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Tao Xu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yuqin Pan
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Bangshun He
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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12
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Fu H, Wang C, Yang D, Wei Z, Xu J, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Wang W, Yan R, Cai Q. Curcumin regulates proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by affecting PI3K and P53 signaling. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4634-4642. [PMID: 28926094 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Changming Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Dejun Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Ziran Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Jiapeng Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Zunqi Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Ronglin Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Qingping Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Changzheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai P.R. China
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Wu KH, Ho CT, Chen ZF, Chen LC, Whang-Peng J, Lin TN, Ho YS. The apple polyphenol phloretin inhibits breast cancer cell migration and proliferation via inhibition of signals by type 2 glucose transporter. J Food Drug Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.03.009 pmid: 29389559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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14
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Song J, Shi W. The concomitant apoptosis and EMT underlie the fundamental functions of TGF-β. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:91-97. [PMID: 29069287 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β's multipotent cellular effects and their relations are critical for TGF-β's pathophysiological functions. However, these effects may appear to be paradoxical in understanding TGF-β's functions. Apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are two fundamental events that are deeply linked to various physiological and disease-related processes. These two major cellular fates are subtly regulated and can be potently stimulated by TGF-β, which profoundly contribute to the biological roles of TGF-β. Moreover, these two events are also indirectly and directly correlated with TGF-β-mediated growth inhibition and are relevant to the current understanding of the roles of TGF-β in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Although TGF-β-induced apoptosis and EMT can be singly independent cellular events, they can also be mutually exclusive but interrelated concomitant events in various cases. Thus, the modulation of apoptosis and EMT is essential for the seemingly paradoxical functions of TGF-β. However, the concomitant effect of TGF-β on apoptosis and EMT, the balance and regulated alterations of them are still been ignored or underestimated. This review focuses on the TGF-β-induced concomitant apoptosis and EMT. We aim to provide an insight in understanding their significance, balance, and modulation in TGF-β-mediated biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Weiwei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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15
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Notch signaling pathway networks in cancer metastasis: a new target for cancer therapy. Med Oncol 2017; 34:180. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Wu KH, Ho CT, Chen ZF, Chen LC, Whang-Peng J, Lin TN, Ho YS. The apple polyphenol phloretin inhibits breast cancer cell migration and proliferation via inhibition of signals by type 2 glucose transporter. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:221-231. [PMID: 29389559 PMCID: PMC9332637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and poorly understood subclass of breast cancer. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are required for glucose uptake in malignant cancer cells and are ideal targets for cancer therapy. To determine whether the inhibition of GLUTs could be used in TNBC cell therapy, the apple polyphenol phloretin (Ph) was used as a specific antagonist of GLUT2 protein function in human TNBC cells. Interestingly, we found that Ph (10–150 μM, for 24 h) inhibited cell growth and arrested the cell cycle in MDA-MB-231 cells in a p53 mutant-dependent manner, which was confirmed by pre-treatment of the cells with a p53-specific dominant-negative expression vector. We also found that Ph treatment (10–150 μM, for 24 h) significantly decreased the migratory activity of the MDA-MB-231 cells through the inhibition of paxillin/FAK, Src, and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-sMA) and through the activation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, the anti-tumorigenic effect of Ph (10, 50 mg/kg or DMSO twice a week for six weeks) was demonstrated in vivo using BALB/c nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts. A decrease in N-cadherin, vimentin and an increase in p53, p21 and E-cadherin were detected in the tumor tissues. In conclusion, inhibition of GLUT2 by the apple polyphenol Ph could potentially suppress TNBC tumor cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hsun Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Zhao-Feng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Nan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Prefoldin 1 promotes EMT and lung cancer progression by suppressing cyclin A expression. Oncogene 2016; 36:885-898. [PMID: 27694898 PMCID: PMC5318667 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prefoldin (PFDN) is a co-chaperone protein that is primarily known for its classic cytoplasmic functions in the folding of actin and tubulin monomers during cytoskeletal assembly. Here, we report a marked increase in prefoldin subunit 1 (PFDN1) levels during the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and in human lung tumor tissues. Interestingly, the nuclear localization of PFDN1 was also detected. These observations suggest that PFDN1 may be essential for important novel functions. Overexpression of PFDN1 induced EMT and cell invasion. In sharp contrast, knockdown of PFDN1 generated the opposite effects. Overexpression of PFDN1 was also found to induce lung tumor growth and metastasis. Further experiments showed that PFDN1 overexpression inhibits the expression of cyclin A. PFDN1 suppressed cyclin A expression by directly interacting with the cyclin A promoter at the transcriptional start site. Strikingly, cyclin A overexpression abolished the above PFDN1-mediated effects on the behavior of lung cancer cells, whereas cyclin A knockdown alone induced EMT and increased cell migration and invasion ability. This study reveals that the TGF-β1/PFDN1/cyclin A axis is essential for EMT induction and metastasis of lung cancer cells.
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Lin ST, Tu SH, Yang PS, Hsu SP, Lee WH, Ho CT, Wu CH, Lai YH, Chen MY, Chen LC. Apple Polyphenol Phloretin Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth via Inhibition of the Type 2 Glucose Transporter and Activation of p53-Mediated Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6826-6837. [PMID: 27538679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are required for glucose uptake in malignant cells, and they can be used as molecular targets for cancer therapy. An RT-PCR analysis was performed to investigate the mRNA levels of 14 subtypes of GLUTs in human colorectal cancer (COLO 205 and HT-29) and normal (FHC) cells. RT-PCR (n = 27) was used to assess the differences in paired tissue samples (tumor vs normal) isolated from colorectal cancer patients. GLUT2 was detected in all tested cells. The average GLUT2 mRNA level in 12 of 27 (44.4%) cases was 2.4-fold higher in tumor compared to normal tissues (*, p = 0.027). Higher GLUT2 mRNA expression was preferentially detected in advanced-stage tumors (stage 0 vs 3 = 16.38-fold, 95% CI = 9.22-26.54-fold; *, p = 0.029). The apple polyphenol phloretin (Ph) and siRNA methods were used to inhibit GLUT2 protein expression. Ph (0-100 μM, for 24 h) induced COLO 205 cell growth cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner, which was confirmed by pretreatment of the cells with a p53-specific dominant negative expression vector. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 (HNF6), which was previously reported to be a transcription factor that activates GLUT2 and p53, was also induced by Ph (0-100 μM, for 24 h). The antitumor effect of Ph (25 mg/kg or DMSO twice a week for 6 weeks) was demonstrated in vivo using BALB/c nude mice bearing COLO 205 tumor xenografts. In conclusion, targeting GLUT2 could potentially suppress colorectal tumor cell invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Tsai Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- TMU Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Sheng Yang
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Po Hsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institue of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital , Jhonghe City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital , New Taipei City 237, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Lai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yao Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital , New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- TMU Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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Vorvis C, Hatziapostolou M, Mahurkar-Joshi S, Koutsioumpa M, Williams J, Donahue TR, Poultsides GA, Eibl G, Iliopoulos D. Transcriptomic and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies reveal FOXA2 as a tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G1124-37. [PMID: 27151939 PMCID: PMC5005285 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00035.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with low survival rates and limited therapeutic options. Thus elucidation of signaling pathways involved in PDAC pathogenesis is essential for identifying novel potential therapeutic gene targets. Here, we used a systems approach to elucidate those pathways by integrating gene and microRNA profiling analyses together with CRISPR/Cas9 technology to identify novel transcription factors involved in PDAC pathogenesis. FOXA2 transcription factor was found to be significantly downregulated in PDAC relative to control pancreatic tissues. Functional experiments revealed that FOXA2 has a tumor suppressor function through inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, and colony formation. In situ hybridization analysis revealed miR-199a to be significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer. Bioinformatics and luciferase analyses showed that miR-199a negatively but directly regulates FOXA2 expression through binding in its 3'-untranslated region (UTR). Evaluation of the functional importance of miR-199a on pancreatic cancer revealed that miR-199a acts as an inhibitor of FOXA2 expression, inducing an increase in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, gene ontology and network analyses in PANC-1 cells treated with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against FOXA2 revealed an enrichment for cell invasion mechanisms through PLAUR and ERK activation. FOXA2 deletion (FOXA2Δ) by using two CRISPR/Cas9 vectors in PANC-1 cells induced tumor growth in vivo resulting in upregulation of PLAUR and ERK pathways in FOXA2Δ xenograft tumors. We have identified FOXA2 as a novel tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer and it is regulated directly by miR-199a, thereby enhancing our understanding of how microRNAs interplay with the transcription factors to affect pancreatic oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Vorvis
- 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California;
| | - Maria Hatziapostolou
- 2Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom;
| | - Swapna Mahurkar-Joshi
- 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California;
| | - Marina Koutsioumpa
- 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California;
| | - Jennifer Williams
- 3Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Timothy R. Donahue
- 3Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - George A. Poultsides
- 4Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Guido Eibl
- 3Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California;
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Upregulation of the growth arrest-specific-2 in recurrent colorectal cancers, and its susceptibility to chemotherapy in a model cell system. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1345-53. [PMID: 27085973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common life-threatening malignances worldwide. CRC relapse markedly decreases the 5-year survival of patients following surgery. Aberrant expression of genes involved in pathways regulating the cell cycle, cell proliferation, or cell death are frequently reported in CRC tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that genes involved in CRC relapse might serve as prognostic indicators. We first evaluated the significance of gene sequences in the feces of patients with CRC relapse by consulting a public database. Tumorigenesis of target tissues was tested through tumor cell growth, cell cycle regulation, and chemotherapeutic efficacy. We found a highly significant correlation between CRC relapse and growth arrest-specific 2 (GAS2) gene expression. Based on cell models, the overexpressed GAS2 was associated with cellular growth rate, cell cycle regulation, and with chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Cell division was impaired by treating cells with 2-[4-(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyloxy)phenoxy]-propionic acid (XK469), even when the cells were overexpressing GAS2. Thus, downregulation of GAS2 expression might control CRC relapse after curative resection. GAS2 could serve as a noninvasive marker from the feces of patients with prediagnosed CRC. Our findings suggest that GAS2 could have potential clinical applications for predicting early CRC relapse after radical resection, and that XK469 might impair tumor cell division by reducing GAS2 expression or blocking its cellular translocation. This will help in selecting the best therapeutic option, 5-fluorouracil in combination with XK469, for patients overexpressing GAS2 in CRC cells. Thus, GAS2 might act as a prognostic biomolecule and potential therapeutic target in patients with CRC relapse.
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Wlochowitz D, Haubrock M, Arackal J, Bleckmann A, Wolff A, Beißbarth T, Wingender E, Gültas M. Computational Identification of Key Regulators in Two Different Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. Front Genet 2016; 7:42. [PMID: 27092172 PMCID: PMC4820448 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are gene regulatory proteins that are essential for an effective regulation of the transcriptional machinery. Today, it is known that their expression plays an important role in several types of cancer. Computational identification of key players in specific cancer cell lines is still an open challenge in cancer research. In this study, we present a systematic approach which combines colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, namely 1638N-T1 and CMT-93, and well-established computational methods in order to compare these cell lines on the level of transcriptional regulation as well as on a pathway level, i.e., the cancer cell-intrinsic pathway repertoire. For this purpose, we firstly applied the Trinity platform to detect signature genes, and then applied analyses of the geneXplain platform to these for detection of upstream transcriptional regulators and their regulatory networks. We created a CRC-specific position weight matrix (PWM) library based on the TRANSFAC database (release 2014.1) to minimize the rate of false predictions in the promoter analyses. Using our proposed workflow, we specifically focused on revealing the similarities and differences in transcriptional regulation between the two CRC cell lines, and report a number of well-known, cancer-associated TFs with significantly enriched binding sites in the promoter regions of the signature genes. We show that, although the signature genes of both cell lines show no overlap, they may still be regulated by common TFs in CRC. Based on our findings, we suggest that canonical Wnt signaling is activated in 1638N-T1, but inhibited in CMT-93 through cross-talks of Wnt signaling with the VDR signaling pathway and/or LXR-related pathways. Furthermore, our findings provide indication of several master regulators being present such as MLK3 and Mapk1 (ERK2) which might be important in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of 1638N-T1 and CMT-93, respectively. Taken together, we provide new insights into the invasive potential of these cell lines, which can be used for development of effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Wlochowitz
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Haubrock
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jetcy Arackal
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annalen Bleckmann
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Wolff
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Beißbarth
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edgar Wingender
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
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22
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Zhu H, Mi Y, Jiang X, Zhou X, Li R, Wei Z, Jiang H, Lu J, Sun X. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 inhibits the growth and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma cells by regulating miR-122. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:969-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Kropp PA, Gannon M. Onecut transcription factors in development and disease. TRENDS IN DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 9:43-57. [PMID: 28018056 PMCID: PMC5176019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Developmental processes are remarkably well conserved among species, and among the most highly conserved developmental regulators are transcription factor families. The Onecut transcription factor family consists of three members known for their single "cut" DNA-binding domain and an aberrant homeodomain. The three members of the Onecut family are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and have significant roles in regulating the development of diverse tissues derived from the ectoderm or endoderm, where they activate a number of gene families. Of note, the genetic interaction between Onecut family members and Neurogenin genes appears to be essential in multiple tissues for proper specification and development of unique cell types. This review highlights the importance of the Onecut factors in cell fate specification and organogenesis, highlighting their role in vertebrates, and discusses their role in the maintenance of cell fate and prevention of disease. We cover the essential spatial and temporal control of Onecut factor expression and how this tight regulation is required for proper specification and subsequent terminal differentiation of multiple tissue types including those within the retina, central nervous system, liver and pancreas. Beyond development, Onecut factors perform necessary functions in mature cell types; their misregulation can contribute to diseases such as pancreatic cancer. Given the importance of this family of transcription factors in development and disease, their consideration in essential transcription factor networks is underappreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Kropp
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysicsm Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysicsm Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, Nashville, TN, USA
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New Tools for Molecular Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Diseases 2015; 3:325-340. [PMID: 28943628 PMCID: PMC5548255 DOI: 10.3390/diseases3040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, arising from neoplastic transformation of hepatocytes or liver precursor/stem cells. HCC is often associated with pre-existing chronic liver pathologies of different origin (mainly subsequent to HBV and HCV infections), such as fibrosis or cirrhosis. Current therapies are essentially still ineffective, due both to the tumor heterogeneity and the frequent late diagnosis, making necessary the creation of new therapeutic strategies to inhibit tumor onset and progression and improve the survival of patients. A promising strategy for treatment of HCC is the targeted molecular therapy based on the restoration of tumor suppressor proteins lost during neoplastic transformation. In particular, the delivery of master genes of epithelial/hepatocyte differentiation, able to trigger an extensive reprogramming of gene expression, could allow the induction of an efficient antitumor response through the simultaneous adjustment of multiple genetic/epigenetic alterations contributing to tumor development. Here, we report recent literature data supporting the use of members of the liver enriched transcription factor (LETF) family, in particular HNF4α, as tools for gene therapy of HCC.
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25
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Xia Y, Wu Y, Liu B, Wang P, Chen Y. Downregulation of miR-638 promotes invasion and proliferation by regulating SOX2 and induces EMT in NSCLC. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2238-45. [PMID: 24842609 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs has been shown to regulate the biological processes of lung cancer cells. However, the role of miR-638 in the development of NSCLC is still unclear. In this study, low miR-638 and high SOX2 were shown to be associated with tumor size and metastasis of NSCLC patients. Downregulated miR-638 could promote cell invasion and proliferation, while high miR-638 expression reversed the effect. Furthermore, miR-638 could regulate SOX2 by directly binding to its 3'-UTR. Silencing of SOX2 by siRNA partially abolished the enhancement of cell invasion and proliferation induced by downregulated miR-638. Aberrant miR-638 expression could modulate the expression levels of markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Our results indicate that miR-638 may play a pivotal role in the development of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yanhu Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Pengli Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Yijiang Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
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The overexpression of MCPH1 inhibits cell growth through regulating cell cycle-related proteins and activating cytochrome c-caspase 3 signaling in cervical cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 392:95-107. [PMID: 24633962 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MCPH1, initially identified as an hTERT repressor, has recently been implicated in mediating DNA damage response and maintaining chromosome integrity. This study is to investigate its potential role in the onset of cervical cancer. In the study, decreased expression of MCPH1 was observed in 19 of 31 cases (61.3%) at mRNA level and 44 of 63 cases (69.8%) at protein level of cervical tumor tissues compared with the paired nontumor tissues. Reduced MCPH1 protein expression was significantly associated with high-tumor grade (1 vs. 3 P = 0.013; 2 vs. 3 P = 0.047). In addition to inhibit SiHa cell migration and invasion, the overexpression of MCPH1 inhibited cervical cancer cells growth through inducing S phase arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis. Further analysis demonstrated cyclinA2/CDK2, CDC25C-cyclinB/CDC2, and p53/p21 pathways were involved in the MCPH1 overexpression-induced S phase arrest. Moreover, the overexpression of MCPH1 activated mitochondrial apoptosis through regulating several apoptosis-related proteins such as p53, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-3, and PARP-1. Our findings indicate that downregulated MCPH1 correlates with tumor progression in cervical cancer, and MCPH1 has an important role in regulating cell growth through regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis. Thus, it may be a crucial tumor suppressor gene and a novel candidate therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
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Wang Z, Qiao Q, Chen M, Li X, Wang Z, Liu C, Xie Z. miR-625 down-regulation promotes proliferation and invasion in esophageal cancer by targeting Sox2. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:915-21. [PMID: 24508466 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
miR-625 has been reported to exhibit abnormal expression in esophageal cancer (EC), but the mechanism and functions of miR-625 in esophageal cancer remain unclear. miR-625 down-regulation and Sox2 up-regulation were validated by qRT-PCR in 158 EC samples. Low expression of miR-625 promotes cell proliferation and invasion, while high expression of miR-625 has the opposite effect. Sox2, a target gene of miR-625, was examined by luciferase assay and western blot. Our data suggest that miR-625 may regulate the biological processes of EC via controlling Sox2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhua Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongtao Xie
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Forth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214062, People's Republic of China.
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