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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M, Riederer P. Toxic interactions between dopamine, α-synuclein, monoamine oxidase, and genes in mitochondria of Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:639-661. [PMID: 38196001 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by its distinct pathological features; loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and accumulation of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites containing modified α-synuclein. Beneficial effects of L-DOPA and dopamine replacement therapy indicate dopamine deficit as one of the main pathogenic factors. Dopamine and its oxidation products are proposed to induce selective vulnerability in dopamine neurons. However, Parkinson's disease is now considered as a generalized disease with dysfunction of several neurotransmitter systems caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. The pathogenic factors include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, α-synuclein accumulation, programmed cell death, impaired proteolytic systems, neuroinflammation, and decline of neurotrophic factors. This paper presents interactions among dopamine, α-synuclein, monoamine oxidase, its inhibitors, and related genes in mitochondria. α-Synuclein inhibits dopamine synthesis and function. Vice versa, dopamine oxidation by monoamine oxidase produces toxic aldehydes, reactive oxygen species, and quinones, which modify α-synuclein, and promote its fibril production and accumulation in mitochondria. Excessive dopamine in experimental models modifies proteins in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and inhibits the function. α-Synuclein and familiar Parkinson's disease-related gene products modify the expression and activity of monoamine oxidase. Type A monoamine oxidase is associated with neuroprotection by an unspecific dose of inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase, rasagiline and selegiline. Rasagiline and selegiline prevent α-synuclein fibrillization, modulate this toxic collaboration, and exert neuroprotection in experimental studies. Complex interactions between these pathogenic factors play a decisive role in neurodegeneration in PD and should be further defined to develop new therapies for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Peter Riederer
- Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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2
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Belosludtseva NV, Dubinin MV, Belosludtsev KN. Pore-Forming VDAC Proteins of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane: Regulation and Pathophysiological Role. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1061-1078. [PMID: 38981701 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924060075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC1-3) of the outer mitochondrial membrane are a family of pore-forming β-barrel proteins that carry out controlled "filtration" of small molecules and ions between the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Due to the conformational transitions between the closed and open states and interaction with cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins, VDACs not only regulate the mitochondrial membrane permeability for major metabolites and ions, but also participate in the control of essential intracellular processes and pathological conditions. This review discusses novel data on the molecular structure, regulatory mechanisms, and pathophysiological role of VDAC proteins, as well as future directions in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
- Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El, 424001, Russia
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3
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Ribarič S. The Contribution of Type 2 Diabetes to Parkinson's Disease Aetiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4358. [PMID: 38673943 PMCID: PMC11050090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are chronic disorders that have a significant health impact on a global scale. Epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical research underpins the assumption that insulin resistance and chronic inflammation contribute to the overlapping aetiologies of T2D and PD. This narrative review summarises the recent evidence on the contribution of T2D to the initiation and progression of PD brain pathology. It also briefly discusses the rationale and potential of alternative pharmacological interventions for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Sarkar D, Bhunia A. Delineating the Role of GxxxG Motif in Amyloidogenesis: A New Perspective in Targeting Amyloid-Beta Mediated AD Pathogenesis. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2024; 4:4-19. [PMID: 38404748 PMCID: PMC10885112 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of a novel structural motif that can shed light on the key functional attributes is a primary focus in the study of protein folding disorders. Decades of research on Alzheimer's disease (AD) have centered on the Amyloid β (Aβ) pathway, highlighting its significance in understanding the disorder. The diversity in the Aβ pathway and the possible silent tracks which are yet to discover, makes it exceedingly intimidating to the interdisciplinary scientific community. Over the course of AD research, Aβ has consistently been at the forefront of scientific inquiry and discussion. In this review, we epitomize the role of a potential structural motif (GxxxG motif) that may provide a new horizon to the Aβ conflict. We emphasize on how comprehensive understanding of this motif from a structure-function perspective may pave the way for designing novel therapeutics intervention in AD and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibakar Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Sector V, Salt Lake EN
80, Kolkata 700 091, India
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Sector V, Salt Lake EN
80, Kolkata 700 091, India
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5
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Chen X, Lin Y, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Ye P, Dai W, Zhang W, Liu H, Peng G, Huang S, Qiu J, Guo W, Zhu X, Wu Z, Kuang Y, Xu P, Zhou M. CHCHD2 Thr61Ile mutation impairs F1F0-ATPase assembly in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:196-204. [PMID: 37488867 PMCID: PMC10479855 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.378010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant pathological alteration that occurs in Parkinson's disease (PD), and the Thr61Ile (T61I) mutation in coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2), a crucial mitochondrial protein, has been reported to cause Parkinson's disease. F1F0-ATPase participates in the synthesis of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and plays a central role in mitochondrial energy metabolism. However, the specific roles of wild-type (WT) CHCHD2 and T61I-mutant CHCHD2 in regulating F1F0-ATPase activity in Parkinson's disease, as well as whether CHCHD2 or CHCHD2 T61I affects mitochondrial function through regulating F1F0-ATPase activity, remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we expressed WT CHCHD2 and T61I-mutant CHCHD2 in an MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell model of PD. We found that CHCHD2 protected mitochondria from developing MPP+-induced dysfunction. Under normal conditions, overexpression of WT CHCHD2 promoted F1F0-ATPase assembly, while T61I-mutant CHCHD2 appeared to have lost the ability to regulate F1F0-ATPase assembly. In addition, mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation showed that there was an interaction between CHCHD2 and F1F0-ATPase. Three weeks after transfection with AAV-CHCHD2 T61I, we intraperitoneally injected 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine into mice to establish an animal model of chronic Parkinson's disease and found that exogenous expression of the mutant protein worsened the behavioral deficits and dopaminergic neurodegeneration seen in this model. These findings suggest that WT CHCHD2 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction in PD by maintaining F1F0-ATPase structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuwan Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhiling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Panghai Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hanqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guoyou Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiewen Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenyuan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhuohua Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaoyun Kuang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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Saramowicz K, Siwecka N, Galita G, Kucharska-Lusina A, Rozpędek-Kamińska W, Majsterek I. Alpha-Synuclein Contribution to Neuronal and Glial Damage in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:360. [PMID: 38203531 PMCID: PMC10778752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the widespread accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) protein aggregates. αSyn aggregation disrupts critical cellular processes, including synaptic function, mitochondrial integrity, and proteostasis, which culminate in neuronal cell death. Importantly, αSyn pathology extends beyond neurons-it also encompasses spreading throughout the neuronal environment and internalization by microglia and astrocytes. Once internalized, glia can act as neuroprotective scavengers, which limit the spread of αSyn. However, they can also become reactive, thereby contributing to neuroinflammation and the progression of PD. Recent advances in αSyn research have enabled the molecular diagnosis of PD and accelerated the development of targeted therapies. Nevertheless, despite more than two decades of research, the cellular function, aggregation mechanisms, and induction of cellular damage by αSyn remain incompletely understood. Unraveling the interplay between αSyn, neurons, and glia may provide insights into disease initiation and progression, which may bring us closer to exploring new effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, we provide an overview of recent studies emphasizing the multifaceted nature of αSyn and its impact on both neuron and glial cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (K.S.); (N.S.); (G.G.); (A.K.-L.); (W.R.-K.)
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7
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Li HY, Liu DS, Zhang YB, Rong H, Zhang XJ. The interaction between alpha-synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Biophys Chem 2023; 303:107122. [PMID: 37839353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-associated neurodegenerative disorder with the hallmark of abnormal aggregates of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs). Currently, pathogenic α-syn and mitochondrial dysfunction have been considered as prominent roles that give impetus to the PD onset. This review describes the α-syn pathology and mitochondrial alterations in PD, and focuses on how α-syn interacts with multiple aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Li
- Department of Basic Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin 150000, PR China
| | - De-Shui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Ying-Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Hua Rong
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin 150000, PR China; Heilongjiang Nursing College, Haerbin 150000, PR China.
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8
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Nestorovich EM, Bezrukov SM. Beta-Barrel Channel Response to High Electric Fields: Functional Gating or Reversible Denaturation? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16655. [PMID: 38068977 PMCID: PMC10706840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels exhibit gating behavior, fluctuating between open and closed states, with the transmembrane voltage serving as one of the essential regulators of this process. Voltage gating is a fundamental functional aspect underlying the regulation of ion-selective, mostly α-helical, channels primarily found in excitable cell membranes. In contrast, there exists another group of larger, and less selective, β-barrel channels of a different origin, which are not directly associated with cell excitability. Remarkably, these channels can also undergo closing, or "gating", induced by sufficiently strong electric fields. Once the field is removed, the channels reopen, preserving a memory of the gating process. In this study, we explored the hypothesis that the voltage-induced closure of the β-barrel channels can be seen as a form of reversible protein denaturation by the high electric fields applied in model membranes experiments-typically exceeding twenty million volts per meter-rather than a manifestation of functional gating. Here, we focused on the bacterial outer membrane channel OmpF reconstituted into planar lipid bilayers and analyzed various characteristics of the closing-opening process that support this idea. Specifically, we considered the nearly symmetric response to voltages of both polarities, the presence of multiple closed states, the stabilization of the open conformation in channel clusters, the long-term gating memory, and the Hofmeister effects in closing kinetics. Furthermore, we contemplate the evolutionary aspect of the phenomenon, proposing that the field-induced denaturation of membrane proteins might have served as a starting point for their development into amazing molecular machines such as voltage-gated channels of nerve and muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M. Nestorovich
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Sergey M. Bezrukov
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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9
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Ramezani M, Wagenknecht-Wiesner A, Wang T, Holowka DA, Eliezer D, Baird BA. Alpha synuclein modulates mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake from ER during cell stimulation and under stress conditions. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:137. [PMID: 37741841 PMCID: PMC10518018 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha synuclein (a-syn) is an intrinsically disordered protein prevalent in neurons, and aggregated forms are associated with synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite the biomedical importance and extensive studies, the physiological role of a-syn and its participation in etiology of PD remain uncertain. We showed previously in model RBL cells that a-syn colocalizes with mitochondrial membranes, depending on formation of N-terminal helices and increasing with mitochondrial stress1. We have now characterized this colocalization and functional correlates in RBL, HEK293, and N2a cells. We find that expression of a-syn enhances stimulated mitochondrial uptake of Ca2+ from the ER, depending on formation of its N-terminal helices but not on its disordered C-terminal tail. Our results are consistent with a-syn acting as a tether between mitochondria and ER, and we show increased contacts between these two organelles using structured illumination microscopy. We tested mitochondrial stress caused by toxins related to PD, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP+) and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and found that a-syn prevents recovery of stimulated mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. The C-terminal tail, and not N-terminal helices, is involved in this inhibitory activity, which is abrogated when phosphorylation site serine-129 is mutated (S129A). Correspondingly, we find that MPTP/MPP+ and CCCP stress is accompanied by both phosphorylation (pS129) and aggregation of a-syn. Overall, our results indicate that a-syn can participate as a tethering protein to modulate Ca2+ flux between ER and mitochondria, with potential physiological significance. A-syn can also prevent cellular recovery from toxin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which may represent a pathological role of a-syn in the etiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meraj Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Tong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - David A Holowka
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Barbara A Baird
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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10
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Mayse LA, Movileanu L. Gating of β-Barrel Protein Pores, Porins, and Channels: An Old Problem with New Facets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12095. [PMID: 37569469 PMCID: PMC10418385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
β barrels are ubiquitous proteins in the outer membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts, and Gram-negative bacteria. These transmembrane proteins (TMPs) execute a wide variety of tasks. For example, they can serve as transporters, receptors, membrane-bound enzymes, as well as adhesion, structural, and signaling elements. In addition, multimeric β barrels are common structural scaffolds among many pore-forming toxins. Significant progress has been made in understanding the functional, structural, biochemical, and biophysical features of these robust and versatile proteins. One frequently encountered fundamental trait of all β barrels is their voltage-dependent gating. This process consists of reversible or permanent conformational transitions between a large-conductance, highly permeable open state and a low-conductance, solute-restrictive closed state. Several intrinsic molecular mechanisms and environmental factors modulate this universal property of β barrels. This review article outlines the typical signatures of voltage-dependent gating. Moreover, we discuss recent developments leading to a better qualitative understanding of the closure dynamics of these TMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Mayse
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA;
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 223 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Liviu Movileanu
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA;
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 223 Link Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
- The BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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11
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Del Vecchio M, Amado L, Cogan AP, Meert E, Rosseels J, Franssens V, Govers SK, Winderickx J, Montoro AG. Multiple tethers of organelle contact sites are involved in α-synuclein toxicity in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar84. [PMID: 37074954 PMCID: PMC10398879 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-01-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein α-synuclein (α-syn) is one of the major factors linked to Parkinson's disease, yet how its misfolding and deposition contribute to the pathology remains largely elusive. Recently, contact sites among organelles were implicated in the development of this disease. Here, we used the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which organelle contact sites have been characterized extensively, as a model to investigate their role in α-syn cytotoxicity. We observed that lack of specific tethers that anchor the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane resulted in cells with increased resistance to α-syn expression. Additionally, we found that strains lacking two dual-function proteins involved in contact sites, Mdm10 and Vps39, were resistant to the expression of α-syn. In the case of Mdm10, we found that this is related to its function in mitochondrial protein biogenesis and not to its role as a contact site tether. In contrast, both functions of Vps39, in vesicular transport and as a tether of the vacuole-mitochondria contact site, were required to support α-syn toxicity. Overall, our findings support that interorganelle communication through membrane contact sites is highly relevant for α-syn-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Del Vecchio
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Department of Biology, Microbial Systems Cell Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Lucia Amado
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Cellular Communication Laboratory, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Alexandra P. Cogan
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Cellular Communication Laboratory, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Els Meert
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joelle Rosseels
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Franssens
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Sander K. Govers
- Department of Biology, Microbial Systems Cell Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology Laboratory, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ayelén González Montoro
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Cellular Communication Laboratory, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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12
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Cho E, Woo Y, Suh Y, Suh BK, Kim SJ, Nhung TTM, Yoo JY, Nghi TD, Lee SB, Mun DJ, Park SK. Ratiometric measurement of MAM Ca 2+ dynamics using a modified CalfluxVTN. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3586. [PMID: 37328454 PMCID: PMC10276021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) is a structure where these calcium-regulating organelles form close physical contact sites for efficient Ca2+ crosstalk. Despite the central importance of MAM Ca2+ dynamics in diverse biological processes, directly and specifically measuring Ca2+ concentrations inside MAM is technically challenging. Here, we develop MAM-Calflux, a MAM-specific BRET-based Ca2+ indicator. The successful application of the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) concept highlights Ca2+-responsive BRET signals in MAM. The BiFC strategy imparts dual functionality as a Ca2+ indicator and quantitative structural marker specific for MAM. As a ratiometric Ca2+ indicator, MAM-Calflux estimates steady-state MAM Ca2+ levels. Finally, it enables the visualization of uneven intracellular distribution of MAM Ca2+ and the elucidation of abnormally accumulated MAM Ca2+ from the neurons of Parkinson's disease mouse model in both steady-state and stimulated conditions. Therefore, we propose that MAM-Calflux can be a versatile tool for ratiometrically measuring dynamic inter-organellar Ca2+ communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbyul Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsik Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeongjun Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyoung Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Truong Thi My Nhung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeong Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Diem Nghi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Been Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Mun
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Szabo I, Szewczyk A. Mitochondrial Ion Channels. Annu Rev Biophys 2023; 52:229-254. [PMID: 37159294 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-092622-094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in multiple cellular tasks, such as ATP synthesis, metabolism, metabolite and ion transport, regulation of apoptosis, inflammation, signaling, and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA. The majority of the correct functioning of mitochondria is based on the large electrochemical proton gradient, whose component, the inner mitochondrial membrane potential, is strictly controlled by ion transport through mitochondrial membranes. Consequently, mitochondrial function is critically dependent on ion homeostasis, the disturbance of which leads to abnormal cell functions. Therefore, the discovery of mitochondrial ion channels influencing ion permeability through the membrane has defined a new dimension of the function of ion channels in different cell types, mainly linked to the important tasks that mitochondrial ion channels perform in cell life and death. This review summarizes studies on animal mitochondrial ion channels with special focus on their biophysical properties, molecular identity, and regulation. Additionally, the potential of mitochondrial ion channels as therapeutic targets for several diseases is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy;
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;
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14
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Ramezani M, Wagenknecht-Wiesner A, Wang T, Holowka DA, Eliezer D, Baird BA. Alpha Synuclein Modulates Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Uptake from ER During Cell Stimulation and Under Stress Conditions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.23.537965. [PMID: 37163091 PMCID: PMC10168219 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.23.537965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Alpha synuclein (a-syn) is an intrinsically disordered protein prevalent in neurons, and aggregated forms are associated with synucleinopathies including Parkinson' disease (PD). Despite the biomedical importance and extensive studies, the physiological role of a-syn and its participation in etiology of PD remain uncertain. We showed previously in model RBL cells that a-syn colocalizes with mitochondrial membranes, depending on formation of N-terminal helices and increasing with mitochondrial stress. 1 We have now characterized this colocalization and functional correlates in RBL, HEK293, and N2a cells. We find that expression of a-syn enhances stimulated mitochondrial uptake of Ca 2+ from the ER, depending on formation of its N-terminal helices but not on its disordered C-terminal tail. Our results are consistent with a-syn acting as a tether between mitochondria and ER, and we show increased contacts between these two organelles using structured illumination microscopy. We tested mitochondrial stress caused by toxins related to PD, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP+) and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), and found that a-syn prevents recovery of stimulated mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake. The C-terminal tail, and not N-terminal helices, is involved in this inhibitory activity, which is abrogated when phosphorylation site serine-129 is mutated (S129A). Correspondingly, we find that MPTP/MPP+ and CCCP stress is accompanied by both phosphorylation (pS129) and aggregation of a-syn. Overall, our results indicate that a-syn can participate as a tethering protein to modulate Ca 2+ flux between ER and mitochondria, with potential physiological significance. A-syn can also prevent cellular recovery from toxin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which may represent a pathological role of a-syn in the etiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meraj Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | | | - Tong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - David A. Holowka
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - Barbara A. Baird
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
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15
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Moradi Vastegani S, Nasrolahi A, Ghaderi S, Belali R, Rashno M, Farzaneh M, Khoshnam SE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03904-0. [PMID: 36943668 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder whose pathogenesis is not completely understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress have been considered as major causes and central events responsible for the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in PD. Therefore, investigating mitochondrial disorders plays a role in understanding the pathogenesis of PD and can be an important therapeutic target for this disease. This study discusses the effect of environmental, genetic and biological factors on mitochondrial dysfunction and also focuses on the mitochondrial molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration, and its possible therapeutic targets in PD, including reactive oxygen species generation, calcium overload, inflammasome activation, apoptosis, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial dynamics. Other potential therapeutic strategies such as mitochondrial transfer/transplantation, targeting microRNAs, using stem cells, photobiomodulation, diet, and exercise were also discussed in this review, which may provide valuable insights into clinical aspects. A better understanding of the roles of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of PD may provide a rationale for designing novel therapeutic interventions in our fight against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Moradi Vastegani
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahab Ghaderi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rafie Belali
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masome Rashno
- Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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16
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Tiwari S, Singh A, Gupta P, K A, Singh S. UBA52 Attunes VDAC1-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Dopaminergic Neuronal Death. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:839-850. [PMID: 36755387 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis regulates energy metabolism, calcium buffering, cell function, and apoptosis. The present study has been conducted to investigate the implications of the ubiquitin-encoding gene UBA52 in mitochondrial physiology. Transient expression of Myc-UBA52 in neurons significantly inhibited the rotenone-induced increase in reactive oxygen species generation, nitrite level, and depleted glutathione level. Mass spectrometric and coimmunoprecipitation data suggested the profound interaction of UBA52 with mitochondrial outer membrane channel protein, VDAC1 in both the wild-type and Myc-α-synuclein overexpressed neuronal cells and in the Parkinson's disease (PD)-specific substantia nigra and striatal region of the rat brain. In vitro ubiquitylation assay revealed that UBA52 participates in the ubiquitylation of VDAC1 through E3 ligase CHIP. Myc-UBA52 overexpression in neurons further improved the mitochondrial functionality and cell viability by preventing the alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial complex I activity, and translocation of cytochrome c and p-Nrf2 along with the effect on intracellular calcium uptake, thus collectively inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Additionally, Myc-UBA52 expression in neuronal cells offered protection against apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Altogether, our findings delineate a functional association between UBA52 and mitochondrial homeostasis, providing new insights into the deterrence of dopaminergic cell death during acute PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangini Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Parul Gupta
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amrutha K
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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17
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Sohrabi T, Mirzaei-Behbahani B, Zadali R, Pirhaghi M, Morozova-Roche LA, Meratan AA. Common Mechanisms Underlying α-Synuclein-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. J Mol Biol 2023:167992. [PMID: 36736886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.167992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurological movement disorder characterized by the selective and irreversible loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta resulting in dopamine deficiency in the striatum. While most cases are sporadic or environmental, about 10% of patients have a positive family history with a genetic cause. The misfolding and aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) as a casual factor in the pathogenesis of PD has been supported by a great deal of literature. Extensive studies of mechanisms underpinning degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons induced by α-syn dysfunction suggest a complex process that involves multiple pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress, impaired calcium homeostasis through membrane permeabilization, synaptic dysfunction, impairment of quality control systems, disruption of microtubule dynamics and axonal transport, endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi dysfunction, nucleus malfunction, and microglia activation leading to neuroinflammation. Among them mitochondrial dysfunction has been considered as the most primary target of α-syn-induced toxicity, leading to neuronal cell death in both sporadic and familial forms of PD. Despite reviewing many aspects of PD pathogenesis related to mitochondrial dysfunction, a systemic study on how α-syn malfunction/aggregation damages mitochondrial functionality and leads to neurodegeneration is missing in the literature. In this review, we give a detailed molecular overview of the proposed mechanisms by which α-syn, directly or indirectly, contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction. This may provide valuable insights for development of new therapeutic approaches in relation to PD. Antioxidant-based therapy as a potential strategy to protect mitochondria against oxidative damage, its challenges, and recent developments in the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Sohrabi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mirzaei-Behbahani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Ramin Zadali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mitra Pirhaghi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Meratan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
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18
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Foti P, Conti-Nibali S, Randazzo CL, Reina S, Romeo FV, Caggia C, De Pinto V. Protective Effect of Treated Olive Mill Wastewater on Target Bacteria and Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel 1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020322. [PMID: 36829881 PMCID: PMC9951878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater, a by-product of the olive oil industry, represents an important resource, rich in bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. In this study, two strategies to concentrate the bioactive components were used: the tangential membrane filtration (ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis) and the selective resin extraction. The concentrates were evaluated for physico-chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity and the effect on the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion selective channel 1 were evaluated. The chemical results highlighted that the highest concentration of hydroxytyrosol (as 7204 mg/L) was revealed in the sample obtained by inverse osmosis while the highest concentration of oleuropein (10005 mg/L) was detected in the sample obtained by resin extraction. The latter sample exhibited the highest antimicrobial effects against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both samples exhibited a high impact on the electrophysiological parameters of VDAC1 activity. These results showed that both valorization techniques, which can be reproduced at industrial scale, provided phenolic concentrates with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity useful for different future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Foti
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente—Di3A, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Conti-Nibali
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia L. Randazzo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente—Di3A, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin Off University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuteuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Reina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- We.MitoBiotech S.R.L., 95129 Catania, Italy
| | - Flora V. Romeo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggia
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente—Di3A, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin Off University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuteuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Vito De Pinto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuteuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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19
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Dagdug L, Berezhkovskii AM, Bezrukov SM. Trapping of single diffusing particles by a circular disk on a reflecting flat surface. Absorbing hemisphere approximation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2035-2042. [PMID: 36546317 PMCID: PMC9922442 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04357b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in biophysics (for example, in studies of chemical sensing and spatiotemporal cell-signaling) poses new challenges to statistical theory of trapping of single diffusing particles. Here we deal with one of them, namely, trapping kinetics of single particles diffusing in a half-space bounded by a reflecting flat surface containing an absorbing circular disk. This trapping problem is essentially two-dimensional and the question of the angular dependence of the kinetics on the particle starting point is highly nontrivial. We propose an approximate approach to the problem that replaces the absorbing disk by an absorbing hemisphere of a properly chosen radius. This replacement makes the problem angular-independent and essentially one-dimensional. After the replacement one can find an exact solution for the particle propagator (Green's function) that allows one to completely characterize the kinetics. Extensive testing of the theoretical predictions based on the absorbing hemisphere approximation against three-dimensional Brownian dynamics simulations shows excellent agreement between the analytical and simulation results when the particle starts sufficiently far away from the disk. Our approach fails and the angular dependence of the kinetics is important when the distance of the particle starting point from the disk center is comparable with the disk radius. However, even when the initial distance is only two disk radii, the maximum relative error of the theoretical predictions is about 10%. The relative error rapidly decreases as the initial distance increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Dagdug
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alexander M. Berezhkovskii
- Section of Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20819, USA
| | - Sergey M. Bezrukov
- Section of Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20819, USA
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20
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Bamshad C, Najafi-Ghalehlou N, Pourmohammadi-Bejarpasi Z, Tomita K, Kuwahara Y, Sato T, Feizkhah A, Roushnadeh AM, Roudkenar MH. Mitochondria: how eminent in ageing and neurodegenerative disorders? Hum Cell 2023; 36:41-61. [PMID: 36445534 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Numerous factors are implicated in the onset and progression of ageing and neurodegenerative disorders, with defects in cell energy supply and free radicals regulation designated as being the main functions of mitochondria and highly accentuated in plentiful studies. Hence, analysing the role of mitochondria as one of the main factors implicated in these disorders could undoubtedly come in handy with respect to disease prevention and treatment. In this review, first, we will explore how mitochondria account for neurodegenerative disorders and ageing and later will draw the various pathways contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction in their distinct way. Also, we will discuss the deviation-countering mechanisms, particularly mitophagy, a subset of autophagy known as a much larger cellular defence mechanism and regulatory system, along with its potential therapeutic effects. Last but not least, we will be highlighting the mitochondrial transfer experiments with animal models of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Bamshad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nima Najafi-Ghalehlou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Pourmohammadi-Bejarpasi
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Velayat Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Alireza Feizkhah
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Velayat Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushnadeh
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Velayat Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Velayat Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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21
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Lemeshko VV. Apparent "mild depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane" as a result of a possible generation of the outer membrane potential. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184032. [PMID: 35985076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently reported kinase-linked mild depolarization of mitochondria, which prevents the generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disappears in various organs of the old mice, has been assumed to represent a crucial component of the mitochondrial anti-aging program. To measure mitochondrial inner membrane potential (IMP), the authors used fluorescent probe safranin O+. It is widely accepted that the accumulation of such cationic probes in the mitochondrial matrix depends exclusively on IMP, thus completely ignoring the possibility of the outer membrane potential (OMP) generation. However, computational analysis performed in the presented work suggests that the kinase-linked generation of the positive OMP might take place under the described conditions, because the measured potential includes the algebraic sum of both IMP and OMP. Alternatively to the suggested mild depolarization of mitochondria, the reported experimental data might reflect mainly a change of the positive OMP generated by the VDAC-kinase complexes. We also demonstrate that the reported in the literature mitochondrial hyperpolarization induced by erastin (known to prevent VDAC-tubulin interactions) and the depolarization caused by the mitochondrial VDAC knockdowns in the cancer cells might actually represent a decrease or increase, respectively, of the magnitude of the kinase-linked positive OMP. This is consistent with our hypothesis that VDAC voltage gating by the kinase-linked metabolically-dependent OMP plays a very important physiological role in regulating the cell energy metabolism under normal and pathological conditions, in the maintenance of the cell death resistance and even in the genetic aging program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V Lemeshko
- Escuela de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Carrera 65, Nro. 59A - 110, Medellín, Colombia.
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22
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Molecular and Cellular Interactions in Pathogenesis of Sporadic Parkinson Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113043. [PMID: 36361826 PMCID: PMC9657547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of the population all around the world suffer from age-associated neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). This disorder presents different signs of genetic, epigenetic and environmental origin, and molecular, cellular and intracellular dysfunction. At the molecular level, α-synuclein (αSyn) was identified as the principal molecule constituting the Lewy bodies (LB). The gut microbiota participates in the pathogenesis of PD and may contribute to the loss of dopaminergic neurons through mitochondrial dysfunction. The most important pathogenetic link is an imbalance of Ca2+ ions, which is associated with redox imbalance in the cells and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review, genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors that cause these disorders and their cause-and-effect relationships are considered. As a constituent of environmental factors, the example of organophosphates (OPs) is also reviewed. The role of endothelial damage in the pathogenesis of PD is discussed, and a ‘triple hit hypothesis’ is proposed as a modification of Braak’s dual hit one. In the absence of effective therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, more and more evidence is emerging about the positive impact of nutritional structure and healthy lifestyle on the state of blood vessels and the risk of developing these diseases.
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23
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The Potential Role of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4665530. [PMID: 36246397 PMCID: PMC9556184 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4665530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease second only to Alzheimer’s disease in terms of prevalence. Previous studies have indicated that the occurrence and progression of PD are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most important causes for apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, maintaining the stability of mitochondrial functioning is a potential strategy in the treatment of PD. Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is the main component in the outer mitochondrial membrane, and it participates in a variety of biological processes. In this review, we focus on the potential roles of VDACs in the treatment of PD. We found that VDACs are involved in PD by regulating apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. VDAC1 oligomerization, VDACs ubiquitination, regulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) by VDACs, and interaction between VDACs and α-synuclein (α-syn) are all promising methods for the treatment of PD. We proposed that inhibition of VDAC1 oligomerization and promotion of VDAC1 ubiquitination as an effective approach for the treatment of PD. Previous studies have proven that the expression of VDAC1 has a significant change in PD models. The expression levels of VDAC1 are decreased in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients suffering from PD compared with the control group consisting of normal individuals by using bioinformatics tools. VDAC2 is involved in PD mainly through the regulation of apoptosis. VDAC3 may have a similar function to VDAC1. It can be concluded that the functional roles of VDACs contribute to the therapeutic strategy of PD.
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24
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Rosa N, Speelman-Rooms F, Parys JB, Bultynck G. Modulation of Ca 2+ signaling by antiapoptotic Bcl-2 versus Bcl-xL: From molecular mechanisms to relevance for cancer cell survival. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188791. [PMID: 36162541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Bcl-2-protein family are key controllers of apoptotic cell death. The family is divided into antiapoptotic (including Bcl-2 itself, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, etc.) and proapoptotic members (Bax, Bak, Bim, Bim, Puma, Noxa, Bad, etc.). These proteins are well known for their canonical role in the mitochondria, where they control mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and subsequent apoptosis. However, several proteins are recognized as modulators of intracellular Ca2+ signals that originate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the major intracellular Ca2+-storage organelle. More than 25 years ago, Bcl-2, the founding member of the family, was reported to control apoptosis through Ca2+ signaling. Further work elucidated that Bcl-2 directly targets and inhibits inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), thereby suppressing proapoptotic Ca2+ signaling. In addition to Bcl-2, Bcl-xL was also shown to impact cell survival by sensitizing IP3R function, thereby promoting prosurvival oscillatory Ca2+ release. However, new work challenges this model and demonstrates that Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL can both function as inhibitors of IP3Rs. This suggests that, depending on the cell context, Bcl-xL could support very distinct Ca2+ patterns. This not only raises several questions but also opens new possibilities for the treatment of Bcl-xL-dependent cancers. In this review, we will discuss the similarities and divergences between Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL regarding Ca2+ homeostasis and IP3R modulation from both a molecular and a functional point of view, with particular emphasis on cancer cell death resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosa
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Femke Speelman-Rooms
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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25
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M. Neuroprotective Function of Rasagiline and Selegiline, Inhibitors of Type B Monoamine Oxidase, and Role of Monoamine Oxidases in Synucleinopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911059. [PMID: 36232361 PMCID: PMC9570229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders caused by the accumulation of toxic species of α-synuclein. The common clinical features are chronic progressive decline of motor, cognitive, behavioral, and autonomic functions. They include Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy body, and multiple system atrophy. Their etiology has not been clarified and multiple pathogenic factors include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein degradation systems, and neuroinflammation. Current available therapy cannot prevent progressive neurodegeneration and “disease-modifying or neuroprotective” therapy has been proposed. This paper presents the molecular mechanisms of neuroprotection by the inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase, rasagiline and selegiline. They prevent mitochondrial apoptosis, induce anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family, and pro-survival brain- and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors. They also prevent toxic oligomerization and aggregation of α-synuclein. Monoamine oxidase is involved in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection, independently of the catalytic activity. Type A monoamine oxidases mediates rasagiline-activated signaling pathways to induce neuroprotective genes in neuronal cells. Multi-targeting propargylamine derivatives have been developed for therapy in various neurodegenerative diseases. Preclinical studies have presented neuroprotection of rasagiline and selegiline, but beneficial effects have been scarcely presented. Strategy to improve clinical trials is discussed to achieve disease-modification in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-05-6173-1111 (ext. 3494); Fax: +81-561-731-142
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26
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Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in malignant tumors: molecular mechanisms and future perspective. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:329. [PMID: 36115852 PMCID: PMC9482625 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractProtein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are a class of proteins with tyrosine kinase activity that phosphorylate tyrosine residues of critical molecules in signaling pathways. Their basal function is essential for maintaining normal cell growth and differentiation. However, aberrant activation of PTKs caused by various factors can deviate cell function from the expected trajectory to an abnormal growth state, leading to carcinogenesis. Inhibiting the aberrant PTK function could inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), target-specific inhibitors of PTKs, have been used in treating malignant tumors and play a significant role in targeted therapy of cancer. Currently, drug resistance is the main reason for limiting TKIs efficacy of cancer. The increasing studies indicated that tumor microenvironment, cell death resistance, tumor metabolism, epigenetic modification and abnormal metabolism of TKIs were deeply involved in tumor development and TKI resistance, besides the abnormal activation of PTK-related signaling pathways involved in gene mutations. Accordingly, it is of great significance to study the underlying mechanisms of TKIs resistance and find solutions to reverse TKIs resistance for improving TKIs efficacy of cancer. Herein, we reviewed the drug resistance mechanisms of TKIs and the potential approaches to overcome TKI resistance, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficacy of TKIs.
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Goloborshcheva VV, Kucheryanu VG, Voronina NA, Teterina EV, Ustyugov AA, Morozov SG. Synuclein Proteins in MPTP-Induced Death of Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Dopaminergic Neurons. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092278. [PMID: 36140378 PMCID: PMC9496024 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the key neurodegenerative disorders caused by a dopamine deficiency in the striatum due to the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta. The initially discovered A53T mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene was linked to the formation of cytotoxic aggregates: Lewy bodies in the DA neurons of PD patients. Further research has contributed to the discovery of beta- and gamma-synucleins, which presumably compensate for the functional loss of either member of the synuclein family. Here, we review research from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) toxicity models and various synuclein-knockout animals. We conclude that the differences in the sensitivity of the synuclein-knockout animals compared with the MPTP neurotoxin are due to the ontogenetic selection of early neurons followed by a compensatory effect of beta-synuclein, which optimizes dopamine capture in the synapses. Triple-knockout synuclein studies have confirmed the higher sensitivity of DA neurons to the toxic effects of MPTP. Nonetheless, beta-synuclein could modulate the alpha-synuclein function, preventing its aggregation and loss of function. Overall, the use of knockout animals has helped to solve the riddle of synuclein functions, and these proteins could be promising molecular targets for the development of therapies that are aimed at optimizing the synaptic function of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria V. Goloborshcheva
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(909)-644-92-31
| | | | | | - Ekaterina V. Teterina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Aleksey A. Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Sergei G. Morozov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
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Imbriani P, Martella G, Bonsi P, Pisani A. Oxidative stress and synaptic dysfunction in rodent models of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 173:105851. [PMID: 36007757 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disorder involving a complex interplay between a variety of genetic and environmental factors. In this scenario, mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress are widely accepted as crucial neuropathogenic mechanisms, as also evidenced by the identification of PD-associated genes that are directly involved in mitochondrial function. The concept of mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to that of synaptic dysfunction. Indeed, compelling evidence supports the role of mitochondria in synaptic transmission and plasticity, although many aspects have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we will provide a brief overview of the most relevant evidence obtained in different neurotoxin-based and genetic rodent models of PD, focusing on mitochondrial impairment and synaptopathy, an early central event preceding overt nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. The identification of early deficits occurring in PD pathogenesis is crucial in view of the development of potential disease-modifying therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Imbriani
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Martella
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bonsi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Plasticity, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
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Ngo VA, Queralt-Martín M, Khan F, Bergdoll L, Abramson J, Bezrukov SM, Rostovtseva TK, Hoogerheide DP, Noskov SY. The Single Residue K12 Governs the Exceptional Voltage Sensitivity of Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel Gating. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14564-14577. [PMID: 35925797 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a β-barrel channel of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) that passively transports ions, metabolites, polypeptides, and single-stranded DNA. VDAC responds to a transmembrane potential by "gating," i.e. transitioning to one of a variety of low-conducting states of unknown structure. The gated state results in nearly complete suppression of multivalent mitochondrial metabolite (such as ATP and ADP) transport, while enhancing calcium transport. Voltage gating is a universal property of β-barrel channels, but VDAC gating is anomalously sensitive to transmembrane potential. Here, we show that a single residue in the pore interior, K12, is responsible for most of VDAC's voltage sensitivity. Using the analysis of over 40 μs of atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we explore correlations between motions of charged residues inside the VDAC pore and geometric deformations of the β-barrel. Residue K12 is bistable; its motions between two widely separated positions along the pore axis enhance the fluctuations of the β-barrel and augment the likelihood of gating. Single channel electrophysiology of various K12 mutants reveals a dramatic reduction of the voltage-induced gating transitions. The crystal structure of the K12E mutant at a resolution of 2.6 Å indicates a similar architecture of the K12E mutant to the wild type; however, 60 μs of atomistic MD simulations using the K12E mutant show restricted motion of residue 12, due to enhanced connectivity with neighboring residues, and diminished amplitude of barrel motions. We conclude that β-barrel fluctuations, governed particularly by residue K12, drive VDAC gating transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van A Ngo
- Center for Molecular Simulations, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Advanced Computing for Life Sciences and Engineering, Computing and Computational Sciences, National Center for Computational Sciences, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - María Queralt-Martín
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.,Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Farha Khan
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Lucie Bergdoll
- LISM UMR 7255, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille cedex 20, 13402, France
| | - Jeff Abramson
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sergey M Bezrukov
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Tatiana K Rostovtseva
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - David P Hoogerheide
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sergei Yu Noskov
- Center for Molecular Simulations, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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30
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Rajendran M, Queralt-Martín M, Gurnev PA, Rosencrans WM, Rovini A, Jacobs D, Abrantes K, Hoogerheide DP, Bezrukov SM, Rostovtseva TK. Restricting α-synuclein transport into mitochondria by inhibition of α-synuclein-VDAC complexation as a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease treatment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:368. [PMID: 35718804 PMCID: PMC11072225 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04389-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Involvement of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) in Parkinson's disease (PD) is complicated and difficult to trace on cellular and molecular levels. Recently, we established that αSyn can regulate mitochondrial function by voltage-activated complexation with the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) on the mitochondrial outer membrane. When complexed with αSyn, the VDAC pore is partially blocked, reducing the transport of ATP/ADP and other metabolites. Further, αSyn can translocate into the mitochondria through VDAC, where it interferes with mitochondrial respiration. Recruitment of αSyn to the VDAC-containing lipid membrane appears to be a crucial prerequisite for both the blockage and translocation processes. Here we report an inhibitory effect of HK2p, a small membrane-binding peptide from the mitochondria-targeting N-terminus of hexokinase 2, on αSyn membrane binding, and hence on αSyn complex formation with VDAC and translocation through it. In electrophysiology experiments, the addition of HK2p at micromolar concentrations to the same side of the membrane as αSyn results in a dramatic reduction of the frequency of blockage events in a concentration-dependent manner, reporting on complexation inhibition. Using two complementary methods of measuring protein-membrane binding, bilayer overtone analysis and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we found that HK2p induces detachment of αSyn from lipid membranes. Experiments with HeLa cells using proximity ligation assay confirmed that HK2p impedes αSyn entry into mitochondria. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to regulate αSyn-VDAC complexation by a rationally designed peptide, thus suggesting new avenues in the search for peptide therapeutics to alleviate αSyn mitochondrial toxicity in PD and other synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Rajendran
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - María Queralt-Martín
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, 12071, Spain
| | - Philip A Gurnev
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - William M Rosencrans
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Amandine Rovini
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Jacobs
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kaitlin Abrantes
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David P Hoogerheide
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Sergey M Bezrukov
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tatiana K Rostovtseva
- Section On Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 29B, Room 1G09, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Risiglione P, Cubisino SAM, Lipari CLR, De Pinto V, Messina A, Magrì A. α-Synuclein A53T Promotes Mitochondrial Proton Gradient Dissipation and Depletion of the Organelle Respiratory Reserve in a Neuroblastoma Cell Line. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060894. [PMID: 35743925 PMCID: PMC9225574 DOI: 10.3390/life12060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
α-synuclein (αSyn) is a small neuronal protein whose accumulation correlates with Parkinson’s disease. αSyn A53T mutant impairs mitochondrial functions by affecting substrate import within the organelle, activity of complex I and the maximal respiratory capacity. However, the precise mechanism initiating the bioenergetic dysfunction is not clearly understood yet. By overexpressing αSyn A53T in SH-SY5Y cells, we investigated the specific changes in the mitochondrial respiratory profile using High-Resolution Respirometry. We found that αSyn A53T increases dissipative fluxes across the intermembrane mitochondrial space: this does not compromise the oxygen flows devoted to ATP production while it reduces the bioenergetic excess capacity of mitochondria, providing a possible explanation of the increased cell susceptibility observed in the presence of further stress stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Risiglione
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (P.R.); (S.A.M.C.); (C.L.R.L.); (V.D.P.)
| | - Salvatore Antonio Maria Cubisino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (P.R.); (S.A.M.C.); (C.L.R.L.); (V.D.P.)
| | - Cristiana Lucia Rita Lipari
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (P.R.); (S.A.M.C.); (C.L.R.L.); (V.D.P.)
| | - Vito De Pinto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (P.R.); (S.A.M.C.); (C.L.R.L.); (V.D.P.)
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L., Corso Italia 172, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Messina
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L., Corso Italia 172, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Magrì
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L., Corso Italia 172, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.M.)
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Stress-Induced Membraneless Organelles in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes: Bird’s-Eye View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095010. [PMID: 35563401 PMCID: PMC9105482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is an inevitable part of life. An organism is exposed to multiple stresses and overcomes their negative consequences throughout its entire existence. A correlation was established between life expectancy and resistance to stress, suggesting a relationship between aging and the ability to respond to external adverse effects as well as quickly restore the normal regulation of biological processes. To combat stress, cells developed multiple pro-survival mechanisms, one of them is the assembly of special stress-induced membraneless organelles (MLOs). MLOs are formations that do not possess a lipid membrane but rather form as a result of the “liquid–liquid” phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers. Stress-responsive MLOs were found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, they form as a reaction to the acute environmental conditions and are dismantled after its termination. These compartments function to prevent damage to the genetic and protein material of the cell during stress. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of stress-induced MLO-like structures in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
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Mise S, Matsumoto A, Shimada K, Hosaka T, Takahashi M, Ichihara K, Shimizu H, Shiraishi C, Saito D, Suyama M, Yasuda T, Ide T, Izumi Y, Bamba T, Kimura-Someya T, Shirouzu M, Miyata H, Ikawa M, Nakayama KI. Kastor and Polluks polypeptides encoded by a single gene locus cooperatively regulate VDAC and spermatogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1071. [PMID: 35228556 PMCID: PMC8885739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been shown to encode small polypeptides, those in testis remain largely uncharacterized. Here we identify two sperm-specific polypeptides, Kastor and Polluks, encoded by a single mouse locus (Gm9999) previously annotated as encoding a lncRNA. Both Kastor and Polluks are inserted in the outer mitochondrial membrane and directly interact with voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), despite their different amino acid sequences. Male VDAC3-deficient mice are infertile as a result of reduced sperm motility due to an abnormal mitochondrial sheath in spermatozoa, and deficiency of both Kastor and Polluks also severely impaired male fertility in association with formation of a similarly abnormal mitochondrial sheath. Spermatozoa lacking either Kastor or Polluks partially recapitulate the phenotype of those lacking both. Cooperative function of Kastor and Polluks in regulation of VDAC3 may thus be essential for mitochondrial sheath formation in spermatozoa and for male fertility. A number of testes-specific lncRNAs have been annotated but their roles remain largely unexplored. Here the authors identify two small peptides encoded by the lncRNA Gm9999, Kastor and Polluks, both of which are required for male fertility in mice.
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Najbauer EE, Tekwani Movellan K, Giller K, Benz R, Becker S, Griesinger C, Andreas LB. Structure and Gating Behavior of the Human Integral Membrane Protein VDAC1 in a Lipid Bilayer. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2953-2967. [PMID: 35164499 PMCID: PMC8874904 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The voltage-dependent
anion channel (VDAC), the most abundant protein
in the outer mitochondrial membrane, is responsible for the transport
of all ions and metabolites into and out of mitochondria. Larger than
any of the β-barrel structures determined to date by magic-angle
spinning (MAS) NMR, but smaller than the size limit of cryo-electron
microscopy (cryo-EM), VDAC1’s 31 kDa size has long been a bottleneck
in determining its structure in a near-native lipid bilayer environment.
Using a single two-dimensional (2D) crystalline sample of human VDAC1
in lipids, we applied proton-detected fast magic-angle spinning NMR
spectroscopy to determine the arrangement of β strands. Combining
these data with long-range restraints from a spin-labeled sample,
chemical shift-based secondary structure prediction, and previous
MAS NMR and atomic force microscopy (AFM) data, we determined the
channel’s structure at a 2.2 Å root-mean-square deviation
(RMSD). The structure, a 19-stranded β-barrel, with an N-terminal
α-helix in the pore is in agreement with previous data in detergent,
which was questioned due to the potential for the detergent to perturb
the protein’s functional structure. Using a quintuple mutant
implementing the channel’s closed state, we found that dynamics
are a key element in the protein’s gating behavior, as channel
closure leads to the destabilization of not only the C-terminal barrel
residues but also the α2 helix. We showed that cholesterol,
previously shown to reduce the frequency of channel closure, stabilizes
the barrel relative to the N-terminal helix. Furthermore, we observed
channel closure through steric blockage by a drug shown to selectively
bind to the channel, the Bcl2-antisense oligonucleotide G3139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter E Najbauer
- Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kumar Tekwani Movellan
- Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karin Giller
- Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roland Benz
- Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University of Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Griesinger
- Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Loren B Andreas
- Department of NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Jadavi S, Canepa E, Diaspro A, Canale C, Relini A, Dante S. α-Synuclein interacts differently with membranes mimicking the inner and outer leaflets of neuronal membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183814. [PMID: 34774499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of α-synuclein (α-syn), the amyloidogenic protein responsible for Parkinson's disease, is likely related to its interaction with the asymmetric neuronal membrane. α-Syn exists as cytoplasmatic and as extracellular protein as well. To shed light on the different interactions occurring at the different α-syn localizations, we have here modelled the external and internal membrane leaflets of the neuronal membrane with two complex lipid mixtures, characterized by phase coexistence and with negative charge confined to either the ordered or the disordered phase, respectively. To this purpose, we selected a five-component (DOPC/SM/DOPE/DOPS/chol) and a four-component (DOPC/SM/GM1/chol) lipid mixtures, which contained the main membrane lipid constituents and exhibited a phase separation with formation of ordered domains. We have compared the action of α-syn in monomeric form and at different concentrations (1 nM, 40 nM, and 200 nM) with respect to lipid systems with different composition and shape by AFM, QCM-D, and vesicle leakage experiments. The experiments coherently showed a higher stability of the membranes composed by the internal leaflet mixture to the interaction with α-syn. Damage to membranes made of the external leaflet mixture was detected in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, the membrane damage was related to the fluidity of the lipid domains and not to the presence of negatively charged lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Jadavi
- Nanoscopy, CHT Erzelli, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, Building B, 16152 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Ester Canepa
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy, CHT Erzelli, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, Building B, 16152 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Canale
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Relini
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy.
| | - Silvia Dante
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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Reina S, Checchetto V. Voltage-Dependent Anion Selective Channel 3: Unraveling Structural and Functional Features of the Least Known Porin Isoform. Front Physiol 2022; 12:784867. [PMID: 35082690 PMCID: PMC8784847 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.784867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion-selective channels (VDAC) are pore-forming proteins located in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Three isoforms are encoded by separate genes in mammals (VDAC1-3). These proteins play a crucial role in the cell, forming the primary interface between mitochondrial and cellular metabolisms. Research on the role of VDACs in the cell is a rapidly growing field, but the function of VDAC3 remains elusive. The high-sequence similarity between isoforms suggests a similar pore-forming structure. Electrophysiological analyzes revealed that VDAC3 works as a channel; however, its gating and regulation remain debated. A comparison between VDAC3 and VDAC1-2 underlines the presence of a higher number of cysteines in both isoforms 2 and 3. Recent mass spectrometry data demonstrated that the redox state of VDAC3 cysteines is evolutionarily conserved. Accordingly, these residues were always detected as totally reduced or partially oxidized, thus susceptible to disulfide exchange. The deletion of selected cysteines significantly influences the function of the channel. Some cysteine mutants of VDAC3 exhibited distinct kinetic behavior, conductance values and voltage dependence, suggesting that channel activity can be modulated by cysteine reduction/oxidation. These properties point to VDAC3 as a possible marker of redox signaling in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about VDAC3 predicted structure, physiological role and regulation, and possible future directions in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Reina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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37
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Ashrafuzzaman M. Mitochondrial ion channels in aging and related diseases. Curr Aging Sci 2022; 15:97-109. [PMID: 35043775 DOI: 10.2174/1874609815666220119094324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transport of materials and information across cellular boundaries, such as plasma, mitochondrial and nuclear membranes, happens mainly through varieties of ion channels and pumps. Various biophysical and biochemical processes play vital roles. The underlying mechanisms and associated phenomenological lipid membrane transports are linked directly or indirectly to the cell health condition. Mitochondrial membranes (mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) and mitochondrial inner membrane (MIM)) host crucial cellular processes. Their malfunction is often found responsible for the rise of cell-originated diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer's, neurodegenerative disease, etc. A large number of ion channels active across MOM and MIM are known to belong to vital cell-based structures found to be linked directly to cellular signaling. Hence their malfunctions are often found to contribute to abnormalities in intracellular communication, which may even be associated with the rise of various diseases. In this article, the aim is to pinpoint ion channels that are directly or indirectly linked to especially aging and related abnormalities in health conditions. An attempt has been made to address the natural structures of these channels, their mutated conditions, and the ways we may cause interventions in their malfunctioning. The malfunction of ion channel subunits, including especially various proteins, involved directly in channel formation and/or indirectly in channel stabilization, leads to the rise of various channel-specific diseases, which are known as channelopathies. Channelopathies in aging will be discussed briefly. This mini-review may be found as an important reference for drug discovery scientists dealing with aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashrafuzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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38
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Erustes AG, Guarache GC, Guedes EDC, Leão AHFF, Pereira GJDS, Smaili SS. α-Synuclein Interactions in Mitochondria-ER Contacts: A Possible Role in Parkinson's Disease. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2022; 5:25152564221119347. [PMID: 37366506 PMCID: PMC10243560 DOI: 10.1177/25152564221119347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites regulate various biological processes, such as mitochondrial dynamics, calcium homeostasis, autophagy and lipid metabolism. Notably, dysfunctions in these contact sites are closely related to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, details about the role of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites in neurodegenerative diseases remain unknown. In Parkinson's disease, interactions between α-synuclein in the contact sites and components of tether complexes that connect organelles can lead to various dysfunctions, especially with regards to calcium homeostasis. This review will summarize the main tether complexes present in endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, and their roles in calcium homeostasis and trafficking. We will discuss the impact of α-synuclein accumulation, its interaction with tethering complex components and the implications in Parkinson's disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Garcia Erustes
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista
de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Cicolin Guarache
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista
de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika da Cruz Guedes
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista
de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Soraya Soubhi Smaili
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista
de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bogorodskiy A, Okhrimenko I, Burkatovskii D, Jakobs P, Maslov I, Gordeliy V, Dencher NA, Gensch T, Voos W, Altschmied J, Haendeler J, Borshchevskiy V. Role of Mitochondrial Protein Import in Age-Related Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:3528. [PMID: 34944035 PMCID: PMC8699856 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in providing energy, maintaining cellular metabolism, and regulating cell survival and death. To carry out these crucial functions, mitochondria employ more than 1500 proteins, distributed between two membranes and two aqueous compartments. An extensive network of dedicated proteins is engaged in importing and sorting these nuclear-encoded proteins into their designated mitochondrial compartments. Defects in this fundamental system are related to a variety of pathologies, particularly engaging the most energy-demanding tissues. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge about the mitochondrial protein import machinery and describe the known interrelation of its failure with age-related neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Bogorodskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Ivan Okhrimenko
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Dmitrii Burkatovskii
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Philipp Jakobs
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Central Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
| | - Ivan Maslov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Valentin Gordeliy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38400 Grenoble, France
| | - Norbert A. Dencher
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
- Physical Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Gensch
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-1: Molecular and Cellular Physiology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Voos
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IBMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Central Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Central Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
| | - Valentin Borshchevskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (A.B.); (I.O.); (D.B.); (I.M.); (V.G.); (N.A.D.)
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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40
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VDACs Post-Translational Modifications Discovery by Mass Spectrometry: Impact on Their Hub Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312833. [PMID: 34884639 PMCID: PMC8657666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
VDAC (voltage-dependent anion selective channel) proteins, also known as mitochondrial porins, are the most abundant proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), where they play a vital role in various cellular processes, in the regulation of metabolism, and in survival pathways. There is increasing consensus about their function as a cellular hub, connecting bioenergetics functions to the rest of the cell. The structural characterization of VDACs presents challenging issues due to their very high hydrophobicity, low solubility, the difficulty to separate them from other mitochondrial proteins of similar hydrophobicity and the practical impossibility to isolate each single isoform. Consequently, it is necessary to analyze them as components of a relatively complex mixture. Due to the experimental difficulties in their structural characterization, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of VDAC proteins represent a little explored field. Only in recent years, the increasing number of tools aimed at identifying and quantifying PTMs has allowed to increase our knowledge in this field and in the mechanisms that regulate functions and interactions of mitochondrial porins. In particular, the development of nano-reversed phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (nanoRP-UHPLC) and ultra-sensitive high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods has played a key role in this field. The findings obtained on VDAC PTMs using such methodologies, which permitted an in-depth characterization of these very hydrophobic trans-membrane pore proteins, are summarized in this review.
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41
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Hoogerheide DP, Gurnev PA, Rostovtseva TK, Bezrukov SM. Voltage-activated complexation of α-synuclein with three diverse β-barrel channels: VDAC, MspA, and α-hemolysin. Proteomics 2021; 22:e2100060. [PMID: 34813679 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-activated complexation is the process by which a transmembrane potential drives complex formation between a membrane-embedded channel and a soluble or membrane-peripheral target protein. Metabolite and calcium flux across the mitochondrial outer membrane was shown to be regulated by voltage-activated complexation of the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and either dimeric tubulin or α-synuclein (αSyn). However, the roles played by VDAC's characteristic attributes-its anion selectivity and voltage gating behavior-have remained unclear. Here, we compare in vitro measurements of voltage-activated complexation of αSyn with three well-characterized β-barrel channels-VDAC, MspA, and α-hemolysin-that differ widely in their organism of origin, structure, geometry, charge density distribution, and voltage gating behavior. The voltage dependences of the complexation dynamics for the different channels are observed to differ quantitatively but have similar qualitative features. In each case, energy landscape modeling describes the complexation dynamics in a manner consistent with the known properties of the individual channels, while voltage gating does not appear to play a role. The reaction free energy landscapes thus calculated reveal a non-trivial dependence of the αSyn/channel complex stability on the surface density of αSyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Hoogerheide
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip A Gurnev
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tatiana K Rostovtseva
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sergey M Bezrukov
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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42
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Misiura MM, Berezhkovskii AM, Bezrukov SM, Kolomeisky AB. Surface-facilitated trapping by active sites: From catalysts to viruses. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:184106. [PMID: 34773956 PMCID: PMC8730370 DOI: 10.1063/5.0069917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trapping by active sites on surfaces plays important roles in various chemical and biological processes, including catalysis, enzymatic reactions, and viral entry into host cells. However, the mechanisms of these processes remain not well understood, mostly because the existing theoretical descriptions are not fully accounting for the role of the surfaces. Here, we present a theoretical investigation on the dynamics of surface-assisted trapping by specific active sites. In our model, a diffusing particle can occasionally reversibly bind to the surface and diffuse on it before reaching the final target site. An approximate theoretical framework is developed, and its predictions are tested by Brownian dynamics computer simulations. It is found that the surface diffusion can be crucial in mediating trapping by active sites. Our theoretical predictions work reasonably well as long as the area of the active site is much smaller than the overall surface area. Potential applications of our approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikita M. Misiura
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Alexander M. Berezhkovskii
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Office of Intramural Research, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Sergey M. Bezrukov
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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43
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Shoshan-Barmatz V, Anand U, Nahon-Crystal E, Di Carlo M, Shteinfer-Kuzmine A. Adverse Effects of Metformin From Diabetes to COVID-19, Cancer, Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Aging: Is VDAC1 a Common Target? Front Physiol 2021; 12:730048. [PMID: 34671273 PMCID: PMC8521008 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.730048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been used for treating diabetes mellitus since the late 1950s. In addition to its antihyperglycemic activity, it was shown to be a potential drug candidate for treating a range of other diseases that include various cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases, renal diseases, obesity, inflammation, COVID-19 in diabetic patients, and aging. In this review, we focus on the important aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction in energy metabolism and cell death with their gatekeeper VDAC1 (voltage-dependent anion channel 1) as a possible metformin target, and summarize metformin’s effects in several diseases and gut microbiota. We question how the same drug can act on diseases with opposite characteristics, such as increasing apoptotic cell death in cancer, while inhibiting it in neurodegenerative diseases. Interestingly, metformin’s adverse effects in many diseases all show VDAC1 involvement, suggesting that it is a common factor in metformin-affecting diseases. The findings that metformin has an opposite effect on various diseases are consistent with the fact that VDAC1 controls cell life and death, supporting the idea that it is a target for metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.,National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | | | - Marta Di Carlo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Shteinfer-Kuzmine
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
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44
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Naoi M, Maruyama W, Shamoto-Nagai M. Disease-modifying treatment of Parkinson's disease by phytochemicals: targeting multiple pathogenic factors. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:737-753. [PMID: 34654977 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by typical motor symptoms, loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, and accumulation of Lewy body composed of mutated α-synuclein. However, now it is considered as a generalized disease with multiple pathological features. Present available treatments can ameliorate symptoms at least for a while, but only a few therapies could delay progressive neurodegeneration of dopamine neurons. Lewy body accumulates in peripheral tissues many years before motor dysfunction becomes manifest, suggesting that disease-modifying therapy should start earlier during the premotor stage. Long-termed regulation of lifestyle, diet and supplement of nutraceuticals may be possible ways for the disease-modification. Diet can reduce the incidence of Parkinson's disease and phytochemicals, major bioactive ingredients of herbs and plant food, modulate multiple pathogenic factors and exert neuroprotective effects in preclinical studies. This review presents mechanisms underlying neuroprotection of phytochemicals against neuronal cell death and α-synuclein toxicity in Parkinson's disease. Phytochemicals are antioxidants, maintain mitochondrial function and homeostasis, prevent intrinsic apoptosis and neuroinflammation, activate cellular signal pathways to induce anti-apoptotic and pro-survival genes, such as Bcl-2 protein family and neurotrophic factors, and promote cleavage of damaged mitochondria and α-synuclein aggregates. Phytochemicals prevent α-synuclein oligomerization and aggregation, and dissolve preformed α-synuclein aggregates. Novel neuroprotective agents are expected to develop based on the scaffold of phytochemicals permeable across the blood-brain-barrier, to increase the bioavailability, ameliorate brain dysfunction and prevent neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Naoi
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan.
| | - Wakako Maruyama
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
| | - Masayo Shamoto-Nagai
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasaki-cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 320-0195, Japan
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45
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Khan A, Kuriachan G, Mahalakshmi R. Cellular Interactome of Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels: Oligomerization and Channel (Mis)Regulation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3497-3515. [PMID: 34503333 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) of the outer mitochondrial membrane are known conventionally as metabolite flux proteins. However, research findings in the past decade have revealed the multifaceted regulatory roles of VDACs, from governing cellular physiology and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis to directly regulating debilitating cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. VDACs achieve these diverse functions by establishing isoform-dependent stereospecific interactomes in the cell with the cytosolic constituents and endoplasmic reticulum complexes, and the machinery of the mitochondrial compartments. VDACs are now increasingly recognized as regulatory hubs of the cell. Not surprisingly, even the transient misregulation of VDACs results directly in mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, human VDACs are now implicated in interaction with aggregation-prone cytosolic proteins, including Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein, contributing directly to the onset of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Deducing the interaction dynamics and mechanisms can lead to VDAC-targeted peptide-based therapeutics that can alleviate neurodegenerative states. This review succinctly presents the latest findings of the VDAC interactome, and the mode(s) of VDAC-dependent regulation of biochemical physiology. We also discuss the relevance of VDACs in pathophysiological states and aggregation-associated diseases and address how VDACs will facilitate the development of next-generation precision medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altmash Khan
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Gifty Kuriachan
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
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46
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Zadali R, Hassani V, Rafiei Y, Meratan AA, Mamashli F, Nemat-Gorgani M. A study on the interaction of the amyloid fibrils of α-synuclein and hen egg white lysozyme with biological membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1864:183776. [PMID: 34547253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered as two of the main factors associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present investigation, the effectiveness of the amyloid fibrils obtained from α-syn with those of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), as disease-related and-unrelated proteins, to damage rat brain and rat liver mitochondria have been investigated. This was extended by looking at SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and erythrocytes, thereby investigating the significance of structural characteristics of amyloid fibrils related to their interactions with biomembranes obtained from various sources. Results presented clearly demonstrate substantial differences in the response of tested biomembranes to toxicity induced by α-syn/HEWL amyloid fibrils, highlighting a structure-function relationship. We found that fibrillar aggregates of α-syn, but not HEWL, caused a significant increase in mitochondrial ROS, loss of membrane potential, and mitochondrial swelling, in a dose-dependent manner. Toxicity was found to be more pronounced in brain mitochondria, as compared to liver mitochondria. For SH-SY5Y cells and erythrocytes, however, both α-syn and HEWL amyloid fibrils showed the capacity to induce toxicity. Taken together, these results may suggest selective toxicity of α-syn amyloid fibrils to mitochondria mediated likely by their direct interaction with the outer mitochondrial membrane, indicating a correlation between specific structural characteristics of α-syn fibrils and an organelle strongly implicated in PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Zadali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Vahid Hassani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Yasin Rafiei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Meratan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Mamashli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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47
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Haque ME, Akther M, Azam S, Kim IS, Lin Y, Lee YH, Choi DK. Targeting α-synuclein aggregation and its role in mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:23-45. [PMID: 34528272 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lewy bodies that contain aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) in the dopaminergic (DA) neuron are the main culprit behind neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Besides, mitochondrial dysfunction has a well established and prominent role in the pathogenesis of PD. However, the exact mechanism by which α-syn causes dopaminergic neuronal loss was unclear. Recent evidence suggests that aggregated α-syn localises in the mitochondria and contributes to oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in neurons. Therefore, the involvement of aggregated α-syn in mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated neuronal loss has made it an emerging drug target for the treatment of PD. However, the exact mechanism by which α-syn permeabilises through the mitochondrial membrane and affects the electron transport chain remains under investigation. In the present study, we describe mitochondria-α-syn interactions and how α-syn aggregation modulates mitochondrial homeostasis in PD pathogenesis. We also discuss recent therapeutic interventions targeting α-syn aggregation that may help researchers to design novel therapeutic treatments for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahbuba Akther
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chung Buk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chung Buk, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Research Headquarters, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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48
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Erustes AG, D'Eletto M, Guarache GC, Ureshino RP, Bincoletto C, da Silva Pereira GJ, Piacentini M, Smaili SS. Overexpression of α-synuclein inhibits mitochondrial Ca 2+ trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria through MAMs by altering the GRP75-IP3R interaction. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2932-2947. [PMID: 34510532 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) are formed by close and specific components in the contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which participate in several cell functions, including lipid metabolism, autophagy, and Ca2+ signaling. Particularly, the presence of α-synuclein (α-syn) in MAMs was previously demonstrated, indicating a physical interaction among some proteins in this region and a potential involvement in cell dysfunctions. MAMs alterations are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and contribute to the pathogenesis features. Here, we investigated the effects of α-syn on MAMs and Ca2+ transfer from the ER to mitochondria in WT- and A30P α-syn-overexpressing SH-SY5Y or HEK293 cells. We observed that α-syn potentiates the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm ) loss induced by rotenone, increases mitophagy and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload. Additionally, in α-syn-overexpressing cells, we found a reduction in ER-mitochondria contact sites through the impairment of the GRP75-IP3R interaction, however, with no alteration in VDAC1-GRP75 interaction. Consequently, after Ca2+ release from the ER, α-syn-overexpressing cells demonstrated a reduction in Ca2+ buffering by mitochondria, suggesting a deregulation in MAM activity. Taken together, our data highlight the importance of the α-syn/MAMs/Ca2+ axis that potentially affects cell functions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Garcia Erustes
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuela D'Eletto
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriel Cicolin Guarache
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Portes Ureshino
- Department of Biological Sciences, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Soraya Soubhi Smaili
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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49
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Hoogerheide DP, Rostovtseva TK, Bezrukov SM. Exploring lipid-dependent conformations of membrane-bound α-synuclein with the VDAC nanopore. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183643. [PMID: 33971161 PMCID: PMC8255272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of VDAC by α-synuclein (αSyn) is a rich and instructive example of protein-protein interactions catalyzed by a lipid membrane surface. αSyn, a peripheral membrane protein involved in Parkinson's disease pathology, is known to bind to membranes in a transient manner. αSyn's negatively charged C-terminal domain is then available to be electromechanically trapped by the VDAC β-barrel, a process that is observed in vitro as the reversible reduction of ion flow through a single voltage-biased VDAC nanopore. Binding of αSyn to the lipid bilayer is a prerequisite of the channel-protein interaction; surprisingly, however, we find that the strength of αSyn binding to the membrane does not correlate in any simple way with its efficiency of blocking VDAC, suggesting that the lipid-dependent conformations of the membrane-bound αSyn control the interaction. Quantitative models of the free energy landscape governing the capture and release processes allow us to discriminate between several αSyn (sub-) conformations on the membrane surface. These results, combined with known structural features of αSyn on anionic lipid membranes, point to a model in which the lipid composition determines the fraction of αSyn molecules for which the charged C terminal domain is constrained to be close, but not tightly bound, to the membrane surface and thus readily captured by the VDAC nanopore. We speculate that changes in the mitochondrial membrane lipid composition may be key regulators of the αSyn-VDAC interaction and consequently of VDAC-facilitated transport of ions and metabolites in and out of mitochondria and, i.e. mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Hoogerheide
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Tatiana K Rostovtseva
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Sergey M Bezrukov
- Section on Molecular Transport, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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50
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Small Hexokinase 1 Peptide against Toxic SOD1 G93A Mitochondrial Accumulation in ALS Rescues the ATP-Related Respiration. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080948. [PMID: 34440152 PMCID: PMC8392704 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) gene represent one of the most common causes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that specifically affects motor neurons (MNs). The dismutase-active SOD1 G93A mutant is responsible for the formation of toxic aggregates onto the mitochondrial surface, using the Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1) as an anchor point to the organelle. VDAC1 is the master regulator of cellular bioenergetics and by binding to hexokinases (HKs) it controls apoptosis. In ALS, however, SOD1 G93A impairs VDAC1 activity and displaces HK1 from mitochondria, promoting organelle dysfunction, and cell death. Using an ALS cell model, we demonstrate that a small synthetic peptide derived from the HK1 sequence (NHK1) recovers the cell viability in a dose–response manner and the defective mitochondrial respiration profile relative to the ADP phosphorylation. This correlates with an unexpected increase of VDAC1 expression and a reduction of SOD1 mutant accumulation at the mitochondrial level. Overall, our findings provide important new insights into the development of therapeutic molecules to fight ALS and help to better define the link between altered mitochondrial metabolism and MNs death in the disease.
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