1
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Ohishi K, Ishikura A, Nishida S, Abo H, Nakatsukasa H, Kawashima H. Sialyl Lewis X Defines an Activated and Functional Regulatory T Cell Subpopulation in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1627-1638. [PMID: 38639586 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Attempts have been made to elucidate the functional markers of regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD4+Foxp3+ T cells with an immunosuppressive function. Sialyl Lewis X (sLex), a tetrasaccharide Ag, is involved in leukocyte trafficking as selectin ligands and is a marker of highly differentiated Tregs in humans. However, the importance of sLex in murine Tregs remains unknown. In this study, we report that sLex defines the activated and functional subset of murine Tregs. The contact hypersensitivity model showed that murine Tregs strongly express sLex upon activation, accompanied by functional Treg marker elevation, such as Foxp3, CD25, CD103, CD39, and granzyme B. RNA sequencing analysis revealed sLex-positive (sLex+) Tregs expressed genes involved in Treg function at a higher level than sLex-negative (sLex-) Tregs. Using an in vitro suppression assay, we found that sLex+ Tregs could more efficiently suppress naive CD4+ T cell proliferation than sLex- Tregs. In the murine contact hypersensitivity elicitation model, the topical sLex+ Treg injection into the ears suppressed ear inflammation more efficiently than that of sLex- Tregs. Our results indicate that sLex could serve as a unique surface marker of activated and functional Tregs with immunosuppressive functions in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Ohishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asaki Ishikura
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shogo Nishida
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirohito Abo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakatsukasa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Liu W, Xiong W, Liu W, Hirakawa J, Kawashima H. A novel monoclonal antibody against 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x glycans attenuates murine allergic rhinitis by suppressing Th2 immune responses. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15740. [PMID: 37735247 PMCID: PMC10514285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte homing is mediated by the interaction between L-selectin on lymphocytes and its glycoprotein ligands modified with 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (6-sulfo sLex) glycans on high endothelial venules (HEVs) in peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs). However, the lack of specific antibodies reactive with both human and mouse 6-sulfo sLex has limited our understanding of its function in vivo. Here, we generated a novel monoclonal antibody, termed SF1, that specifically reacts with 6-sulfo sLex expressed on HEVs in both species in a manner dependent on sulfate, fucose, and sialic acid modifications. Glycan array and biolayer interferometry analyses indicated that SF1 specifically bound to 6-sulfo sLex with a dissociation constant of 6.09 × 10-9 M. SF1 specifically bound to four glycoproteins from PLNs corresponding to the molecular sizes of L-selectin ligand glycoproteins. Consistently, SF1 inhibited L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte rolling on 6-sulfo sLex-expressing cells ex vivo and lymphocyte homing to PLNs and nasal-associated lymphoid tissues in vivo. Furthermore, SF1 significantly attenuated ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in mice in association with significant suppression of Th2 immune responses. Collectively, these results suggest that SF1 can be useful for the functional analysis of 6-sulfo sLex and may potentially serve as a novel therapeutic agent against immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Wei Xiong
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
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3
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Monoclonal Antibody F2 Reactive with Sialyl Lewis x. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2023; 42:115. [PMID: 37343170 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2023.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
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4
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Nakashima K, Sakai Y, Hoshino H, Umeda Y, Kawashima H, Sekido Y, Ishizuka T, Kobayashi M. Sulfated Glycans Recognized by S1 Monoclonal Antibody can Serve as a Diagnostic Marker for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Lung 2022; 200:339-346. [PMID: 35394203 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-022-00531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant neoplasm of the pleura caused by asbestos exposure. For diagnosis of MPM, immunohistochemistry using multiple markers is recommended to rule out differential diagnoses, such as pulmonary adenocarcinoma. However, the specificity of currently used markers is not fully satisfactory. We previously developed a monoclonal antibody named S1, which recognizes 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x, an L-selectin ligand expressed on high endothelial venules. During the screening process, we discovered that this antibody stained normal pleural mesothelium. This finding prompted us to hypothesize that the epitope recognized by S1 might serve as a new diagnostic marker for MPM. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we immunostained human MPM (n = 22) and lung adenocarcinoma (n = 25) tissues using S1 antibody. RESULTS 77.3% of MPM were S1 positive, and if limited to epithelioid type, the positivity rate was 100%, while that of lung adenocarcinoma was only 36.0%. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the S1 positivity rate between each disease. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry using a series of anti-carbohydrate antibodies combined with glycosidase digestion revealed the structure of sulfated glycans expressed in MPM to be 6-sulfo sialyl N-acetyllactosamine attached to core 2-branched O-glycans. CONCLUSION We propose that the S1 glycoepitope could serve as a new diagnostic marker for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nakashima
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Umeda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sekido
- Division of Cancer Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ishizuka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
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5
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Sawada J, Hiraoka N, Qi R, Jiang L, Fournier-Goss AE, Yoshida M, Kawashima H, Komatsu M. Molecular Signature of Tumor-Associated High Endothelial Venules That Can Predict Breast Cancer Survival. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:468-481. [PMID: 35201289 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High endothelial venules (HEV) are specialized post-capillary venules that recruit naïve lymphocytes to lymph nodes. HEVs are essential for the development of adaptive immunity. HEVs can also develop in tumors where they are thought to be important for recruiting naïve T cells and B cells into the tumors and locally enhancing antitumor immunity by supporting the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures. Herein, we used comparative transcriptome analysis of human breast cancer to investigate genes differentially expressed between tumor-associated HEVs and the rest of the tumor vasculature. Tumor vessels highly expressing HEV-upregulated genes, such as the homeobox gene MEOX2 and the tetraspanin gene TSPAN7, were associated with extensive infiltration of T and B cells and the occurrence of tertiary lymphoid structures, which is known to predict therapeutic responses to immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, high transcript counts of these genes in clinical tumor specimens were associated with a significant survival benefit in advanced breast cancer. The molecular signature of HEVs identified herein may be useful for guiding immunotherapies and provides a new direction for investigating tumor-associated HEVs and their clinical significance. See related Spotlight by Gallimore, p. 371.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Sawada
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute and Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital/Division of Molecular Pathology, Analytical Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rongsu Qi
- Department of Health Informatics, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - Lu Jiang
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute and Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ashley E Fournier-Goss
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute and Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital/Division of Molecular Pathology, Analytical Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanobu Komatsu
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute and Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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6
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Ichimiya T, Okamatsu M, Kinoshita T, Kobayashi D, Ichii O, Yamamoto N, Sakoda Y, Kida H, Kawashima H, Yamamoto K, Takase-Yoden S, Nishihara S. Sulfated glycans containing NeuAcα2-3Gal facilitate the propagation of human H1N1 influenza A viruses in eggs. Virology 2021; 562:29-39. [PMID: 34246113 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
When human influenza viruses are isolated and passaged in chicken embryos, variants with amino acid substitutions around the receptor binding site of hemagglutinin (HA) are selected; however, the mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon have yet to be elucidated. Here, we analyzed the receptor structures that contributed to propagation of egg-passaged human H1N1 viruses. The analysis included seasonal and 2009 pandemic strains, both of which have amino acid substitutions of HA found in strains isolated or passaged in eggs. These viruses exhibited high binding to sulfated glycans containing NeuAcα2-3Gal. In MDCK cells overexpressing the sulfotransferase that synthesize Galβ1-4(SO3--6)GlcNAc, production of human H1N1 viruses was increased up to 90-fold. Furthermore, these sulfated glycans were expressed on the allantoic and amniotic membranes of chicken embryos. These results suggest that 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X and/or NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(SO3--6)GlcNAc are involved in efficient propagation of human H1N1 viruses in chicken embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Ichimiya
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Okamatsu
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakoda
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20-Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20-Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20-Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Sayaka Takase-Yoden
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan; Glycan and Life Systems Integration Center (GaLSIC), Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan.
| | - Shoko Nishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan; Glycan and Life Systems Integration Center (GaLSIC), Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan.
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7
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Xiong W, Liu W, Nishida S, Komiyama D, Liu W, Hirakawa J, Kawashima H. Therapeutic Effects of an Anti-sialyl Lewis X Antibody in a Murine Model of Allergic Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9961. [PMID: 34576124 PMCID: PMC8471066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is an allergic disease that causes severe infiltration of leukocytes into the lungs. Leukocyte infiltration is mediated by the binding of sialyl Lewis X (sLex) glycans present on the leukocytes to E-and P-selectins present on the endothelial cells at the sites of inflammation. Here, we found that mouse eosinophils express sLex glycans, and their infiltration into the lungs and proliferation in the bone marrow were significantly suppressed by an anti-sLex monoclonal antibody (mAb) F2 in a murine model of ovalbumin-induced asthma. The percentage of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bone marrow and serum IgE levels decreased significantly in the F2-administered mice. Levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines and chemokines, involved in IgE class switching and eosinophil proliferation and recruitment, were also decreased in the F2-administered mice. An ex vivo cell rolling assay revealed that sLex glycans mediate the rolling of mouse eosinophils on P-selectin-expressing cells. These results indicate that the mAb F2 exerts therapeutic effects in a murine model of allergen-induced asthma, suggesting that sLex carbohydrate antigen could serve as a novel therapeutic target for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan; (W.X.); (W.L.); (S.N.); (D.K.); (W.L.); (J.H.)
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8
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Up-Regulates Sialyl Lewis X Expression in the Lung Epithelium. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010099. [PMID: 33406734 PMCID: PMC7823657 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans display increasingly recognized roles in pathological contexts, however, their impact in the host-pathogen interplay in many infectious diseases remains largely unknown. This is the case for tuberculosis (TB), one of the ten most fatal diseases worldwide, caused by infection of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We have recently reported that perturbing the core-2 O-glycans biosynthetic pathway increases the host susceptibility to M. tuberculosis infection, by disrupting the neutrophil homeostasis and enhancing lung pathology. In the present study, we show an increased expression of the sialylated glycan structure Sialyl-Lewis X (SLeX) in the lung epithelium upon M. tuberculosis infection. This increase in SLeX glycan epitope is accompanied by an altered lung tissue transcriptomic signature, with up-regulation of genes codifying enzymes that are involved in the SLeX core-2 O-glycans biosynthetic pathway. This study provides novel insights into previously unappreciated molecular mechanisms involving glycosylation, which modulate the host response to M. tuberculosis infection, possibly contributing to shape TB disease outcome.
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Silva M, Martin KC, Mondal N, Sackstein R. sLeX Expression Delineates Distinct Functional Subsets of Human Blood Central and Effector Memory T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 205:1920-1932. [PMID: 32868410 PMCID: PMC10636707 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) regulates T cell trafficking from the vasculature into skin and sites of inflammation, thereby playing a critical role in immunity. In healthy persons, only a small proportion of human blood T cells express sLeX, and their function is not fully defined. Using a combination of biochemical and functional studies, we find that human blood sLeX+CD4+T cells comprise a subpopulation expressing high levels of Th2 and Th17 cytokines, chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR6, and the transcription factors GATA-3 and RORγT. Additionally, sLeX+CD4+T cells exclusively contain the regulatory T cell population (CD127lowCD25high and FOXP3+) and characteristically display immune-suppressive molecules, including the coinhibitor receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4. Among CD8+T cells, sLeX expression distinguishes a subset displaying low expression of cytotoxic effector molecules, perforin and granzyme β, with reduced degranulation and CD57 expression and, consistently, marginal cytolytic capacity after TCR engagement. Furthermore, sLeX+CD8+T cells present a pattern of features consistent with Th cell-like phenotype, including release of pertinent Tc2 cytokines and elevated expression of CD40L. Together, these findings reveal that sLeX display is associated with unique functional specialization of both CD4+ and CD8+T cells and indicate that circulating T cells that are primed to migrate to lesional sites at onset of inflammation are not poised for cytotoxic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Silva
- Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Kyle C Martin
- Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Translational Medicine and Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199; and
| | - Nandini Mondal
- Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115;
- Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Translational Medicine and Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199; and
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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10
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Ma C, Takeuchi H, Hao H, Yonekawa C, Nakajima K, Nagae M, Okajima T, Haltiwanger RS, Kizuka Y. Differential Labeling of Glycoproteins with Alkynyl Fucose Analogs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176007. [PMID: 32825463 PMCID: PMC7503990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylated glycans critically regulate the physiological functions of proteins and cells. Alterations in levels of fucosylated glycans are associated with various diseases. For detection and functional modulation of fucosylated glycans, chemical biology approaches using fucose (Fuc) analogs are useful. However, little is known about how efficiently each unnatural Fuc analog is utilized by enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of fucosylated glycans. We show here that three clickable Fuc analogs with similar but distinct structures labeled cellular glycans with different efficiency and protein specificity. For instance, 6-alkynyl (Alk)-Fuc modified O-Fuc glycans much more efficiently than 7-Alk-Fuc. The level of GDP-6-Alk-Fuc produced in cells was also higher than that of GDP-7-Alk-Fuc. Comprehensive in vitro fucosyltransferase assays revealed that 7-Alk-Fuc is commonly tolerated by most fucosyltransferases. Surprisingly, both protein O-fucosyltransferases (POFUTs) could transfer all Fuc analogs in vitro, likely because POFUT structures have a larger space around their Fuc binding sites. These findings demonstrate that labeling and detection of fucosylated glycans with Fuc analogs depend on multiple cellular steps, including conversion to GDP form, transport into the ER or Golgi, and utilization by each fucosyltransferase, providing insights into design of novel sugar analogs for specific detection of target glycans or inhibition of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Ma
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (C.M.); (H.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (C.M.); (H.T.); (T.O.)
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Huilin Hao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (H.H.); (R.S.H.)
| | - Chizuko Yonekawa
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan;
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (C.M.); (H.T.); (T.O.)
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Robert S. Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (H.H.); (R.S.H.)
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-58-293-3356
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11
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Nakano M, Mishra SK, Tokoro Y, Sato K, Nakajima K, Yamaguchi Y, Taniguchi N, Kizuka Y. Bisecting GlcNAc Is a General Suppressor of Terminal Modification of N-glycan. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:2044-2057. [PMID: 31375533 PMCID: PMC6773561 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoproteins are decorated with complex glycans for protein functions. However, regulation mechanisms of complex glycan biosynthesis are largely unclear. Here we found that bisecting GlcNAc, a branching sugar residue in N-glycan, suppresses the biosynthesis of various types of terminal epitopes in N-glycans, including fucose, sialic acid and human natural killer-1. Expression of these epitopes in N-glycan was elevated in mice lacking the biosynthetic enzyme of bisecting GlcNAc, GnT-III, and was conversely suppressed by GnT-III overexpression in cells. Many glycosyltransferases for N-glycan terminals were revealed to prefer a nonbisected N-glycan as a substrate to its bisected counterpart, whereas no up-regulation of their mRNAs was found. This indicates that the elevated expression of the terminal N-glycan epitopes in GnT-III-deficient mice is attributed to the substrate specificity of the biosynthetic enzymes. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed that nonbisected glycans were preferentially accepted by those glycosyltransferases. These findings unveil a new regulation mechanism of protein N-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Sushil K Mishra
- Glycoscience Group, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuko Tokoro
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Disease Glycomics Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Division of Clinical Research Promotion and Support, Center for Research Promotion, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomics Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuoku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Disease Glycomics Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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12
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Establishment and characterization of a fucosylated α-fetoprotein-specific monoclonal antibody: a potential application for clinical research. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12359. [PMID: 31451706 PMCID: PMC6710264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA)-reactive fraction of α-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) is a well-known cancer biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with very high specificity. Because LCA recognizes only bi-antennary N-glycans with a core fucose, some of fucosylated AFP in HCC patients may not be detected. Then glycan antibodies, which recognize both specific glycan and protein, are desired for glycobiology. Here, we successfully established a novel glycan antibody for fucosylated AFP and demonstrated its potential clinical application. After immunization with a fucosylated AFP peptide, positive screening was performed for fucosylated AFP peptides using solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The newly developed antibody was designated: fucosylated AFP-specific mAb (FasMab). Western blot analysis showed that FasMab reacted with AFP produced by HepG2 cells, but not with AFP produced by α-1,6-fucosyltransferase deficient HepG2 cells. The specific binding of FasMab to fucosylated AFP was confirmed with ELISA as well as western blot analysis. A preliminary high sensitivity chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay kit showed increased levels of fucosylated AFP in the sera of patients with HCC, but not in the sera of normal patients, or patients with chronic liver diseases. Thus, the novel glycan antibody, FasMab, is a promising tool to study fucosylated AFP with clinical and basic research applications.
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13
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Kikuchi N, Ye J, Hirakawa J, Kawashima H. Forced Expression of CXCL10 Prevents Liver Metastasis of Colon Carcinoma Cells by the Recruitment of Natural Killer Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 42:57-65. [PMID: 30381616 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is a CXC chemokine family protein that transmits signals by binding to its specific receptor, CXCR3. CXCL10 is also known as an interferon-γ-inducible chemokine involved in various biological phenomena, including chemotaxis of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, that suppress tumor growth and inhibition of angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the effects of forced expression of CXCL10 in a murine colon carcinoma cell line (CT26) on growth and metastasis in syngeneic mice. We first established CT26 cells that were stably expressing murine CXCL10 (CT26/CXCL10) and compared their growth with their parental CT26 cells in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro growth of the CT26/CXCL10 and CT26 cells was comparable, whereas the in vivo growth of the CT26/CXCL10 cells in the skin was strongly suppressed. Liver metastasis of the CT26/CXCL10 cells was also significantly suppressed after intra-splenic implantation. Removal of NK cells by the administration of anti-asialo GM1 antibody canceled the suppression of subcutaneous growth and liver metastasis of CT26/CXCL10 cells. Immunofluorescence clearly showed that abundant NKp46-positive NK cells were recruited into the liver metastatic lesions of the CT26/CXCL10 cells, consistent with specific NK cell migration towards the culture supernatant from the CT26/CXCL10 cells in the chemotaxis assay using transwells. These findings indicate that CXCL10 prevents in vivo growth and metastasis of colon carcinoma cells by recruiting NK cells, suggesting that forced expression of CXCL10 in the colon tumors by gene delivery should lead to a favorable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Jiabin Ye
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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14
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Uchida T, Ueta H, Xu XD, Hirakawa J, Tahara K, Zhou S, Sawanobori Y, Simmons S, Kitazawa Y, Kawashima H, Matsuno K. Rapid immunosurveillance by recirculating lymphocytes in the rat intestine: critical role of unsulfated sialyl-Lewis X on high endothelial venules of the Peyer's patches. Int Immunol 2018; 30:23-33. [PMID: 29365122 PMCID: PMC5917783 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Naive lymphocytes systemically recirculate for immunosurveillance inspecting foreign antigens and pathogens in the body. Trafficking behavior such as the migration pathway and transit time within the gastrointestinal tract, however, remains to be elucidated. Rat thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDLs) were transferred to a congeneic host that had undergone mesenteric lymphadenectomy. The migration pathway was investigated using newly developed four-color immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Donor TDLs showed rapid transition in gut tissues from which they emerged in mesenteric lymph around 4 h after intravenous injection. Immunohistochemistry showed that donor TDLs predominantly transmigrated across high endothelial venules (HEVs) at the interfollicular area of the Peyer's patches (PPs), then exited into the LYVE-1+ efferent lymphatics, that were close to the venules. The rapid recirculation depended largely on the local expression of unsulfated sialyl-Lewis X on these venules where putative dendritic cells (DCs) were associated underneath. Recruited naive T cells briefly made contact with resident DCs before exiting to the lymphatics in the steady state. In some transplant settings, however, the T cells retained contact with DCs and were sensitized and differentiated into activated T cells. In conclusion, we directly demonstrated that lymphocyte recirculation within the gut is a very rapid process. The interfollicular area of PPs functions as a strategically central site for rapid immunosurveillance where HEVs, efferent lymphatics and resident DCs converge. PPs can, however, generate alloreactive T cells, leading to exacerbation of graft-versus-host disease or gut allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Uchida
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Xue-Dong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Medical University, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tahara
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Dalian Medical University, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences and WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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15
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Kizuka Y, Nakano M, Yamaguchi Y, Nakajima K, Oka R, Sato K, Ren CT, Hsu TL, Wong CH, Taniguchi N. An Alkynyl-Fucose Halts Hepatoma Cell Migration and Invasion by Inhibiting GDP-Fucose-Synthesizing Enzyme FX, TSTA3. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:1467-1478.e5. [PMID: 29033318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylation is a glycan modification critically involved in cancer and inflammation. Although potent fucosylation inhibitors are useful for basic and clinical research, only a few inhibitors have been developed. Here, we focus on a fucose analog with an alkyne group, 6-alkynyl-fucose (6-Alk-Fuc), which is used widely as a detection probe for fucosylated glycans, but is also suggested for use as a fucosylation inhibitor. Our glycan analysis using lectin and mass spectrometry demonstrated that 6-Alk-Fuc is a potent and general inhibitor of cellular fucosylation, with much higher potency than the existing inhibitor, 2-fluoro-fucose (2-F-Fuc). The action mechanism was shown to deplete cellular GDP-Fuc, and the direct target of 6-Alk-Fuc is FX (encoded by TSTA3), the bifunctional GDP-Fuc synthase. We also show that 6-Alk-Fuc halts hepatoma invasion. These results highlight the unappreciated role of 6-Alk-Fuc as a fucosylation inhibitor and its potential use for basic and clinical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Division of Clinical Research Promotion and Support, Center for Research Promotion, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Oka
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chien-Tai Ren
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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16
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Selectin catch-bonds mechanotransduce integrin activation and neutrophil arrest on inflamed endothelium under shear flow. Blood 2017; 130:2101-2110. [PMID: 28811304 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-783027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
E-selectin extends from the plasma membrane of inflamed endothelium and serves to capture leukocytes from flowing blood via long-lived catch-bonds that support slow leukocyte rolling under shear stress. Its ligands are glycosylated with the tetrasaccharide sialyl Lewisx (sLex), which contributes to bond affinity and specificity. E-selectin-mediated rolling transmits signals into neutrophils that trigger activation of high-affinity β2-integrins necessary for transition to shear-resistant adhesion and transendothelial migration. Rivipansel is a glycomimetic drug that inhibits E-selectin-mediated vaso-occlusion induced by integrin-dependent sickle-red blood cell-leukocyte adhesion. How Rivipansel antagonizes ligand recognition by E-selectin and blocks outside-in signaling of integrin-mediated neutrophil arrest while maintaining rolling immune-surveillance is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that sLex expressed on human L-selectin is preferentially bound by E-selectin and, on ligation, initiates secretion of MRP8/14 that binds TLR4 to elicit the extension of β2-integrin to an intermediate affinity state. Neutrophil rolling over E-selectin at precise shear stress transmits tension and catch-bond formation with L-selectin via sLex, resulting in focal clusters that deliver a distinct signal to upshift β2-integrins to a high-affinity state. Rivipansel effectively blocked formation of selectin catch-bonds, revealing a novel mechanotransduction circuit that rapidly converts extended β2-integrins to high-affinity shear-resistant bond clusters with intracellular adhesion molecule 1 on inflamed endothelium.
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17
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Jassam SA, Maherally Z, Smith JR, Ashkan K, Roncaroli F, Fillmore HL, Pilkington GJ. CD15s/CD62E Interaction Mediates the Adhesion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells on Brain Endothelial Cells: Implications for Cerebral Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071474. [PMID: 28698503 PMCID: PMC5535965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the cell adhesion molecule (CAM), Sialyl Lewis X (CD15s) correlates with cancer metastasis, while expression of E-selectin (CD62E) is stimulated by TNF-α. CD15s/CD62E interaction plays a key role in the homing process of circulating leukocytes. We investigated the heterophilic interaction of CD15s and CD62E in brain metastasis-related cancer cell adhesion. CD15s and CD62E were characterised in human brain endothelium (hCMEC/D3), primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (COR-L105 and A549) and metastatic NSCLC (SEBTA-001 and NCI-H1299) using immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry in human brain tissue sections. TNF-α (25 pg/mL) stimulated extracellular expression of CD62E while adhesion assays, under both static and physiological flow live-cell conditions, explored the effect of CD15s-mAb immunoblocking on adhesion of cancer cell–brain endothelium. CD15s was faintly expressed on hCMEC/D3, while high levels were observed on primary NSCLC cells with expression highest on metastatic NSCLC cells (p < 0.001). CD62E was highly expressed on hCMEC/D3 cells activated with TNF-α, with lower levels on primary and metastatic NSCLC cells. CD15s and CD62E were expressed on lung metastatic brain biopsies. CD15s/CD62E interaction was localised at adhesion sites of cancer cell–brain endothelium. CD15s immunoblocking significantly decreased cancer cell adhesion to brain endothelium under static and shear stress conditions (p < 0.001), highlighting the role of CD15s–CD62E interaction in brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah A Jassam
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - Zaynah Maherally
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - James R Smith
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - Keyoumars Ashkan
- Neuro-Surgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK.
| | - Federico Roncaroli
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Helen L Fillmore
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
| | - Geoffrey J Pilkington
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK.
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18
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Amoozgar Z, Goldberg MS. Surface modulation of polymeric nanocarriers enhances the stability and delivery of proteins and small molecules. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:729-743. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to enhance the stability and therapeutic efficiency of protein-based therapeutic formulations. Materials & methods: Proteins were immobilized on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) to improve both protein stability and protein function, especially enzymatic activity. The modularity of the platform was demonstrated by coating proteins of varied molecular weights and functionalities on the surface of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based NPs. Results: Coating proteins to the particle surface greatly enhanced the stability of the NPs, preventing particle aggregation and improving enzymatic potency, including in vivo. Specifically, coating of collagenase I to the particle surface greatly improved the ability of the enzyme to degrade tumor collagen relative to free enzyme, thereby increasing the penetration of adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin). Additionally, the protein coating reduced the rate of doxorubicin release, enabling sustained release of the small-molecule payload. Conclusion: The straightforward procedure described herein permits the formulation of modular NPs that can combine and sustain the benefits of small molecules and biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Amoozgar
- Department of Cancer Immunology & Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael S Goldberg
- Department of Cancer Immunology & Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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19
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Kakizaki M, Togayachi A, Narimatsu H, Watanabe R. Contribution of Lewis X Carbohydrate Structure to Neuropathogenic Murine Coronaviral Spread. Jpn J Infect Dis 2016; 69:405-13. [PMID: 26902214 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2015.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although Lewis X (Le(x)), a carbohydrate structure, is involved in innate immunity through cell-to-cell and pathogen recognition, its expression has not been observed in mouse monocytes/macrophages (Mo/Mas). The Mo/Mas that infiltrate the meninges after infection with the neuropathogenic murine coronavirus strain srr7 are an initial target of infection. Furthermore, higher inflammatory responses were observed in gene-manipulated mice lacking α1,3-fucosyltransferase 9, which determines the expression of the Le(x) structure, than in wild type mice after infection. We investigated Le(x) expression using CD11b-positive peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) and found that Le(x) is inducible in Mo/Mas after infection with srr7, especially in the syncytial cells during the late phase of infection. The number of syncytial cells was reduced after treatment of the infected PECs with anti-Le(x) antibody, during the late phase of infection. In addition, the antibody treatment induced a marked reduction in the number of the infected cells at 24 hours post inoculation, without changing the infected cell numbers during the initial phase of infection. These data indicate that the Le(x) structure could play a role in syncytial formation and cell-to-cell infection during the late phase of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Kakizaki
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University
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20
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Riese SB, Buscher K, Enders S, Kuehne C, Tauber R, Dernedde J. Structural requirements of mono- and multivalent L-selectin blocking aptamers for enhanced receptor inhibition in vitro and in vivo. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:901-908. [PMID: 26772426 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED L-selectin mediates extravasation of leukocytes from blood into the surrounding tissue during inflammation and is therefore a therapeutical target in certain overwhelming immune reactions. In this study, we characterized an L-selectin specific blocking DNA aptamer with respect to nucleotide composition and target binding. Introduction of deletions and nucleotide exchanges resulted in an optimized DNA sequence but preservation of the IC50 in the low nanomolar range. The inhibitory potential was significantly increased when the aptamer was displayed as a di- and trimer connected via appropriate linker length. Similar to monoclonal antibodies, trimer yielded picomolar IC50 values in a competitive binding assay. In comparison to the monovalent aptamer, the trivalent assembly reduced PBMC interactions to L-selectin ligands 90-fold under shear and exerted superior inhibition of PBMC rolling in vivo. In conclusion, our work demonstrates the feasibility of optimizing aptamer sequences and shows that multivalent ligand presentation enables superior adhesion receptor targeting. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR During inflammation, leukocytes extravasate from blood vessels under chemotaxic signals. The presence of L-selectin on endothelium acts as a mediator for the extravasation process. In this study, the authors investigated an L-selectin specific blocking DNA aptamer in various forms, as inhibitors to leukocyte binding and extravasation. This new approach confirmed the potential use of aptamers in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian B Riese
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Konrad Buscher
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Sven Enders
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Kuehne
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Tauber
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jens Dernedde
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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