1
|
Confalonieri S, Matoskova B, Pennisi R, Martino F, De Mario A, Miloro G, Montani F, Rotta L, Ferrari ME, Gilardi L, Ceci F, Grana CM, Rizzuto R, Mammucari C, Di Fiore PP, Lanzetti L. A PET-Surrogate Signature for the Interrogation of the Metabolic Status of Breast Cancers. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308255. [PMID: 38757578 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic alterations in cancers can be exploited for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. This is exemplified by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), an imaging tool that relies on enhanced glucose uptake by tumors for diagnosis and staging. By performing transcriptomic analysis of breast cancer (BC) samples from patients stratified by FDG-PET, a 54-gene signature (PETsign) is identified that recapitulates FDG uptake. PETsign is independently prognostic of clinical outcome in luminal BCs, the most common and heterogeneous BC molecular subtype, which requires improved stratification criteria to guide therapeutic decision-making. The prognostic power of PETsign is stable across independent BC cohorts and disease stages including the earliest BC stage, arguing that PETsign is an ab initio metabolic signature. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of BC cells reveals that PETsign predicts enhanced glycolytic dependence and reduced reliance on fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, coamplification of PETsign genes occurs frequently in BC arguing for their causal role in pathogenesis. CXCL8 and EGFR signaling pathways feature strongly in PETsign, and their activation in BC cells causes a shift toward a glycolytic phenotype. Thus, PETsign serves as a molecular surrogate for FDG-PET that could inform clinical management strategies for BC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Confalonieri
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Bronislava Matoskova
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo, Turin, 10060, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Str. Provinciale 142 km 3.95, Candiolo, Turin, 10060, Italy
| | - Flavia Martino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo, Turin, 10060, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Str. Provinciale 142 km 3.95, Candiolo, Turin, 10060, Italy
| | - Agnese De Mario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padua, 35131, Italy
| | - Giorgia Miloro
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Francesca Montani
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Luca Rotta
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | | | - Laura Gilardi
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Francesco Ceci
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, 20142, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Grana
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padua, 35131, Italy
| | - Cristina Mammucari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padua, 35131, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, 20141, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, 20142, Italy
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Candiolo, Turin, 10060, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Str. Provinciale 142 km 3.95, Candiolo, Turin, 10060, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mueller S, Kline C, Franson A, van der Lugt J, Prados M, Waszak SM, Plasschaert SLA, Molinaro AM, Koschmann C, Nazarian J. Rational combination platform trial design for children and young adults with diffuse midline glioma: A report from PNOC. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:S125-S135. [PMID: 38124481 PMCID: PMC11066905 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a devastating pediatric brain tumor unresponsive to hundreds of clinical trials. Approximately 80% of DMGs harbor H3K27M oncohistones, which reprogram the epigenome to increase the metabolic profile of the tumor cells. Methods We have previously shown preclinical efficacy of targeting both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis through treatment with ONC201, which activates the mitochondrial protease ClpP, and paxalisib, which inhibits PI3K/mTOR, respectively. Results ONC201 and paxalisib combination treatment aimed at inducing metabolic distress led to the design of the first DMG-specific platform trial PNOC022 (NCT05009992). Conclusions Here, we expand on the PNOC022 rationale and discuss various considerations, including liquid biome, microbiome, and genomic biomarkers, quality-of-life endpoints, and novel imaging modalities, such that we offer direction on future clinical trials in DMG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Mueller
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Cassie Kline
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrea Franson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Michael Prados
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sebastian M Waszak
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Laboratory of Computational Neuro-Oncology, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Annette M Molinaro
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Brain Tumor Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- DMG Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meuten TK, Dean GA, Thamm DH. Review: The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway in canine cancer. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:339-356. [PMID: 37905509 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231207021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumors in dogs and humans share many similar molecular and genetic features, incentivizing a better understanding of canine neoplasms not only for the purpose of treating companion animals, but also to facilitate research of spontaneously developing tumors with similar biologic behavior and treatment approaches in an immunologically competent animal model. Multiple tumor types of both species have similar dysregulation of signal transduction through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB; AKT), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), collectively known as the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. This review aims to delineate the pertinent aspects of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway in health and in tumor development. It will then present a synopsis of current understanding of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in important canine cancers and advancements in targeted inhibitors of this pathway.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang M, Li G, Jiang G, Cai J, Liu Z, Huang R, Huang X, Wang H. Novel NF-κB Inhibitor-Conjugated Pt(IV) Prodrug to Enable Cancer Therapy through ROS/ER Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Overcome Multidrug Resistance. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6218-6237. [PMID: 38573870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Although cisplatin has been widely used for clinical purposes, its application is limited due to its obvious side effects. To mitigate the defects of cisplatin, here, six "multitarget prodrugs" were synthesized by linking cisplatin and NF-κB inhibitors. Notably, complex 9 demonstrated a 63-fold enhancement in the activity against A549/CDDP cells with lower toxicity toward normal LO2 cells compared to cisplatin. Additionally, complex 9 could effectively cause DNA damage, induce mitochondrial dysfunction, generate reactive oxygen species, and induce cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and ER stress. Remarkably, complex 9 effectively inhibited the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway and disrupted the PI3K/AKT signaling transduction. Importantly, complex 9 showed superior in vivo antitumor efficiency compared to cisplatin or the combination of cisplatin/4, without obvious systemic toxicity in A549 or A549/CDDP xenograft models. Our results demonstrated that the dual-acting mechanism endowed the complexes with high efficiency and low toxicity, which may represent an efficient strategy for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center For Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Guimei Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center For Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Guiyang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Jinyuan Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Rizhen Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Molecular Screening and Druggability Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xiaochao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center For Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Hengshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center For Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Weng L, Zhou J, Guo S, Xu N, Ma R. The molecular subtyping and precision medicine in triple-negative breast cancer---based on Fudan TNBC classification. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:120. [PMID: 38555429 PMCID: PMC10981301 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is widely recognized as the most aggressive form of breast cancer, occurring more frequently in younger patients and characterized by high heterogeneity, early distant metastases and poor prognosis. Multiple treatment options have failed to achieve the expected therapeutic effects due to the lack of clear molecular targets. Based on genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics, the multi-omics analysis further clarifies TNBC subtyping, which provides a greater understanding of tumour heterogeneity and targeted therapy sensitivity. For instance, the luminal androgen receptor subtype (LAR) exhibits responsiveness to anti-AR therapy, and the basal-like immune-suppressed subtype (BLIS) tends to benefit from poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) and anti-angiogenic therapy. The efficacy of multi-dimensional combination therapy holds immense importance in guiding personalized and precision medicine for TNBC. This review offers a systematic overview of recent FuDan TNBC molecular subtyping and its role in the instruction of clinical precision therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Weng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianliang Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shenchao Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Nong Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ruishuang Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morimoto A, Takasugi N, Pan Y, Kubota S, Dohmae N, Abiko Y, Uchida K, Kumagai Y, Uehara T. Methyl vinyl ketone and its analogs covalently modify PI3K and alter physiological functions by inhibiting PI3K signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105679. [PMID: 38272219 PMCID: PMC10881440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS), which are abundant in the environment and are produced in vivo under stress, covalently bind to nucleophilic residues such as Cys in proteins. Disruption of protein function by RCS exposure is predicted to play a role in the development of various diseases such as cancer and metabolic disorders, but most studies on RCS have been limited to simple cytotoxicity validation, leaving their target proteins and resulting physiological changes unknown. In this study, we focused on methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), which is one of the main RCS found in cigarette smoke and exhaust gas. We found that MVK suppressed PI3K-Akt signaling, which regulates processes involved in cellular homeostasis, including cell proliferation, autophagy, and glucose metabolism. Interestingly, MVK inhibits the interaction between the epidermal growth factor receptor and PI3K. Cys656 in the SH2 domain of the PI3K p85 subunit, which is the covalently binding site of MVK, is important for this interaction. Suppression of PI3K-Akt signaling by MVK reversed epidermal growth factor-induced negative regulation of autophagy and attenuated glucose uptake. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of the 23 RCS compounds with structures similar to MVK and showed that their analogs also suppressed PI3K-Akt signaling in a manner that correlated with their similarities to MVK. Our study demonstrates the mechanism of MVK and its analogs in suppressing PI3K-Akt signaling and modulating physiological functions, providing a model for future studies analyzing environmental reactive species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Morimoto
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Takasugi
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuexuan Pan
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sho Kubota
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yumi Abiko
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Uehara
- Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shuvalov O, Kirdeeva Y, Daks A, Fedorova O, Parfenyev S, Simon HU, Barlev NA. Phytochemicals Target Multiple Metabolic Pathways in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2012. [PMID: 38001865 PMCID: PMC10669507 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolic reprogramming is a complex process that provides malignant cells with selective advantages to grow and propagate in the hostile environment created by the immune surveillance of the human organism. This process underpins cancer proliferation, invasion, antioxidant defense, and resistance to anticancer immunity and therapeutics. Perhaps not surprisingly, metabolic rewiring is considered to be one of the "Hallmarks of cancer". Notably, this process often comprises various complementary and overlapping pathways. Today, it is well known that highly selective inhibition of only one of the pathways in a tumor cell often leads to a limited response and, subsequently, to the emergence of resistance. Therefore, to increase the overall effectiveness of antitumor drugs, it is advisable to use multitarget agents that can simultaneously suppress several key processes in the tumor cell. This review is focused on a group of plant-derived natural compounds that simultaneously target different pathways of cancer-associated metabolism, including aerobic glycolysis, respiration, glutaminolysis, one-carbon metabolism, de novo lipogenesis, and β-oxidation of fatty acids. We discuss only those compounds that display inhibitory activity against several metabolic pathways as well as a number of important signaling pathways in cancer. Information about their pharmacokinetics in animals and humans is also presented. Taken together, a number of known plant-derived compounds may target multiple metabolic and signaling pathways in various malignancies, something that bears great potential for the further improvement of antineoplastic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Yulia Kirdeeva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Sergey Parfenyev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 20000, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mallick R, Bhowmik P, Duttaroy AK. Targeting fatty acid uptake and metabolism in cancer cells: A promising strategy for cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115591. [PMID: 37774669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite scientific development, cancer is still a fatal disease. The development of cancer is thought to be significantly influenced by fatty acids. Several mechanisms that control fatty acid absorption and metabolism are reported to be altered in cancer cells to support their survival. Cancer cells can use de novo synthesis or uptake of extracellular fatty acid if one method is restricted. This factor makes it more difficult to target one pathway while failing to treat the disease properly. Side effects may also arise if several inhibitors simultaneously target many targets. If a viable inhibitor could work on several routes, the number of negative effects might be reduced. Comparative investigations against cell viability have found several potent natural and manmade substances. In this review, we discuss the complex roles that fatty acids play in the development of tumors and the progression of cancer, newly discovered and potentially effective natural and synthetic compounds that block the uptake and metabolism of fatty acids, the adverse side effects that can occur when multiple inhibitors are used to treat cancer, and emerging therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Prasenjit Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng H, Chen Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Hang Q, Li P, Zhang P, Ji J, Song H, Chen M, Jin Y. PI3K/mTOR inhibitors promote G6PD autophagic degradation and exacerbate oxidative stress damage to radiosensitize small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:652. [PMID: 37802999 PMCID: PMC10558571 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study revealed that PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling was associated with SCLC radioresistance. SBC2 cells were used as primary radioresistance models, while H446 cells were continuously exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) to develop acquired radioresistance. Cell viability and apoptosis assays were used to investigate synergistic effects of BEZ235/GSK2126458 and IR in vitro, while immunoblotting, metabolite quantitative analysis and bioinformatic analyses were utilized to explore the underlying mechanism. Both genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) and subcutaneous tumor models were used to confirm the synergistic effect in vivo. Key molecules of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling were upregulated after IR, which was correlated with primary radioresistance, and they were more expressed in acquired radioresistant cells. BEZ235/GSK2126458 effectively enhanced the cytotoxic effects of IR. BEZ235/GSK2126458 plus IR elevated γ-H2AX and p-Nrf2 expression, suggesting DNA and oxidative stress damage were intensified. Mechanistically, BEZ235/GSK2126458 plus IR significantly reduced the expression of G6PD protein, the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). In detail, PI3K/mTOR inhibitors reinforced interaction between G6PD and HSPA8/HSC70, and G6PD was degraded by chaperone-mediated autophagy processes. Their metabolites (NADPH and R-5P) were decreased, and ROS levels were indirectly elevated, both of which exacerbated cell death. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling activator, insulin, enhanced SCLC radioresistance, while the synergistic effect of BEZ235/GSK2126458 and IR can be attenuated by N-acetylcysteine, and enhanced by 6-amino niacinamide. GEMM and allograft transplantation assays further confirmed their synergistic effect in vivo. This study provided insights into the connection between PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and the PPP underlying radioresistance and provided evidence of mechanisms supporting PI3K/mTOR inhibitors as possible therapeutic strategies to abrogate SCLC radioresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Deng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yamei Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yibi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 331800, China
| | - Qingqing Hang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Peijing Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Hai Song
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
- United Laboratory of Frontier Radiotherapy Technology of Sun Yat-sen University & Chinese Academy of Sciences Ion Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ying Jin
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Packer M. Fetal Reprogramming of Nutrient Surplus Signaling, O-GlcNAcylation, and the Evolution of CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1480-1491. [PMID: 37340541 PMCID: PMC10482065 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fetal kidney development is characterized by increased uptake of glucose, ATP production by glycolysis, and upregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 α ), which (acting in concert) promote nephrogenesis in a hypoxic low-tubular-workload environment. By contrast, the healthy adult kidney is characterized by upregulation of sirtuin-1 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, which enhances ATP production through fatty acid oxidation to fulfill the needs of a normoxic high-tubular-workload environment. During stress or injury, the kidney reverts to a fetal signaling program, which is adaptive in the short term, but is deleterious if sustained for prolonged periods when both oxygen tension and tubular workload are heightened. Prolonged increases in glucose uptake in glomerular and proximal tubular cells lead to enhanced flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway; its end product-uridine diphosphate N -acetylglucosamine-drives the rapid and reversible O-GlcNAcylation of thousands of intracellular proteins, typically those that are not membrane-bound or secreted. Both O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation act at serine/threonine residues, but whereas phosphorylation is regulated by hundreds of specific kinases and phosphatases, O-GlcNAcylation is regulated only by O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase, which adds or removes N-acetylglucosamine, respectively, from target proteins. Diabetic and nondiabetic CKD is characterized by fetal reprogramming (with upregulation of mTOR and HIF-1 α ) and increased O-GlcNAcylation, both experimentally and clinically. Augmentation of O-GlcNAcylation in the adult kidney enhances oxidative stress, cell cycle entry, apoptosis, and activation of proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways, and it inhibits megalin-mediated albumin endocytosis in glomerular mesangial and proximal tubular cells-effects that can be aggravated and attenuated by augmentation and muting of O-GlcNAcylation, respectively. In addition, drugs with known nephroprotective effects-angiotensin receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors-are accompanied by diminished O-GlcNAcylation in the kidney, although the role of such suppression in mediating their benefits has not been explored. The available evidence supports further work on the role of uridine diphosphate N -acetylglucosamine as a critical nutrient surplus sensor (acting in concert with upregulated mTOR and HIF-1 α signaling) in the development of diabetic and nondiabetic CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute , Dallas , Texas and Imperial College , London , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Glassman I, Le N, Asif A, Goulding A, Alcantara CA, Vu A, Chorbajian A, Mirhosseini M, Singh M, Venketaraman V. The Role of Obesity in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:2061. [PMID: 37626871 PMCID: PMC10453206 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) by promoting insulin resistance, increases serum estrogen levels by the upregulation of aromatase, and promotes the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by macrophages. Increased circulating glucose has been shown to activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a significant signaling pathway in breast cancer pathogenesis. Estrogen plays an instrumental role in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers. The role of ROS in breast cancer warrants continued investigation, in relation to both pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. We aim to review the role of obesity in breast cancer pathogenesis and novel therapies mediating obesity-associated breast cancer development. We explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer incidence and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress modulates breast cancer pathogenesis. We discuss the role of glutathione, a ubiquitous antioxidant, in breast cancer therapy. Lastly, we review breast cancer therapies targeting mTOR signaling, leptin signaling, blood sugar reduction, and novel immunotherapy targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ira Glassman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Nghia Le
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Aamna Asif
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Anabel Goulding
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Cheldon Ann Alcantara
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Annie Vu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Abraham Chorbajian
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mercedeh Mirhosseini
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Manpreet Singh
- Corona Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Corona, CA 92882, USA
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA (N.L.); (A.A.); (C.A.A.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hong H, Luo B, Xie Z, Li M, Xu Q, He Z, Peng Z. Retracted: Britannin mediates apoptosis and glycolysis of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma cells by AMPK-dependent autophagy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23211. [PMID: 36120848 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The above article, published online on 19 September 2022 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jbt.23211), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Hari Bhat, and Wiley Periodicals, LLC. The article is being retracted at the authors' request because some of the data underlying this article refer to a different cell line from the one reported in it. As a result, the article's conclusions do not accurately reflect the full data and cannot be considered reliable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Hong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zucheng Xie
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Meiwei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingyuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhendong He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Peng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Z, Jiang Y, Liu J, Fu H, Yang Q, Song W, Li Y. Exosomes from PYCR1 knockdown bone marrow mesenchymal stem inhibits aerobic glycolysis and the growth of bladder cancer cells via regulation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway. Int J Oncol 2023; 63:84. [PMID: 37293856 PMCID: PMC10552724 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease, and pyrroline‑5‑carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) can promote the proliferation and invasion of BC cells and accelerate BC progression. In the present study, si‑PYCR1 was loaded into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)‑derived exosomes (Exos) in BC. First, PYCR1 levels in BC tissues/cells were assessed, and cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were evaluated. Aerobic glycolysis levels (glucose uptake, lactate production, ATP production, and the expression of relevant enzymes) and the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway phosphorylation levels were determined. PYCR1‑EGFR interactions were examined by co‑immunoprecipitation experiments. RT4 cells transfected with oe‑PYCR1 were treated with EGFR inhibitor CL‑387785. Exos were loaded with si‑PYCR1 and identified, followed by an assessment of their effects on aerobic glycolysis and malignant cell behaviors. Nude mouse models of xenograft tumors were established by injecting mice with Exo‑si‑PYCR1 and Exo‑si‑PYCR1. PYCR1 was upregulated in BC cells, with the highest expression observed in T24 cells and the lowest expression in RT4 cells. Following PYCR1 knockdown, the malignant behaviors of T24 cells and aerobic glycolysis were decreased, while PYCR1 overexpression in RT4 cells averted these trends. PYCR1 interacted with EGFR, and CL‑387785 inhibited the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway and attenuated the effects of PYCR1 overexpression on RT4 cells but had no effect on PYCR1 expression. Exo‑si‑PYCR1 showed stronger inhibitory effects on aerobic glycolysis and on the malignant behaviors of T24 cells than si‑PYCR1. Exo‑si‑PYCR1 blocked xenograft tumor growth and had good biocompatibility. Briefly, PYCR1 knocking loaded by BMSC‑derived Exos suppressed aerobic glycolysis and BC growth via the PI3K/AKT pathway by binding to EGFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Huifeng Fu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Quan Yang
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Yuanwei Li
- Department of Urology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Valle-Mendiola A, Gutiérrez-Hoya A, Soto-Cruz I. JAK/STAT Signaling and Cervical Cancer: From the Cell Surface to the Nucleus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1141. [PMID: 37372319 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway constitutes a rapid signaling module from the cell surface to the nucleus, and activates different cellular responses, such as proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and inflammation. When the JAK/STAT pathway is altered, it contributes to cancer progression and metastasis. STAT proteins play a central role in developing cervical cancer, and inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling may be necessary to induce tumor cell death. Several cancers show continuous activation of different STATs, including cervical cancer. The constitutive activation of STAT proteins is associated with a poor prognosis and overall survival. The human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins E6 and E7 play an essential role in cervical cancer progression, and they activate the JAK/STAT pathway and other signals that induce proliferation, survival, and migration of cancer cells. Moreover, there is a crosstalk between the JAK/STAT signaling cascade with other signaling pathways, where a plethora of different proteins activate to induce gene transcription and cell responses that contribute to tumor growth. Therefore, inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway shows promise as a new target in cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of the JAK/STAT pathway components and the role of the HPV oncoproteins associated with cellular malignancy through the JAK/STAT proteins and other signaling pathways to induce tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Valle-Mendiola
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cell Differentiation and Cancer Research Unit, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Colonia Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Adriana Gutiérrez-Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cell Differentiation and Cancer Research Unit, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Colonia Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
- Cátedra CONACYT, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Isabel Soto-Cruz
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cell Differentiation and Cancer Research Unit, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Colonia Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hanelova K, Raudenska M, Kratochvilova M, Navratil J, Vicar T, Bugajova M, Gumulec J, Masarik M, Balvan J. Autophagy modulators influence the content of important signalling molecules in PS-positive extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:120. [PMID: 37226246 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication in the tumour microenvironment. Many studies suggest that cancer cells release higher amounts of EVs exposing phosphatidylserine (PS) at the surface. There are lots of interconnections between EVs biogenesis and autophagy machinery. Modulation of autophagy can probably affect not only the quantity of EVs but also their content, which can deeply influence the resulting pro-tumourigenic or anticancer effect of autophagy modulators. In this study, we found that autophagy modulators autophinib, CPD18, EACC, bafilomycin A1 (BAFA1), 3-hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), rapamycin, NVP-BEZ235, Torin1, and starvation significantly alter the composition of the protein content of phosphatidylserine-positive EVs (PS-EVs) produced by cancer cells. The greatest impact had HCQ, BAFA1, CPD18, and starvation. The most abundant proteins in PS-EVs were proteins typical for extracellular exosomes, cytosol, cytoplasm, and cell surface involved in cell adhesion and angiogenesis. PS-EVs protein content involved mitochondrial proteins and signalling molecules such as SQSTM1 and TGFβ1 pro-protein. Interestingly, PS-EVs contained no commonly determined cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, GRO-α, MCP-1, RANTES, and GM-CSF, which indicates that secretion of these cytokines is not predominantly mediated through PS-EVs. Nevertheless, the altered protein content of PS-EVs can still participate in the modulation of the fibroblast metabolism and phenotype as p21 was accumulated in fibroblasts influenced by EVs derived from CPD18-treated FaDu cells. The altered protein content of PS-EVs (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD037164) also provides information about the cellular compartments and processes that are affected by the applied autophagy modulators. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Hanelova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kratochvilova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Navratil
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Vicar
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Bugajova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 32, 12108, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao XP, Zheng XL, Huang M, Xie YJ, Nie XW, Nasim AA, Yao XJ, Fan XX. DMU-212 against EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer via AMPK/PI3K/Erk signaling pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15812. [PMID: 37305501 PMCID: PMC10256861 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although some important advances have been achieved in clinical and diagnosis in the past few years, the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is ultimately dissatisfactory due to the low overall cure and survival rates. Epidermal growth factor (EGFR) has been recognized as a carcinogenic driver and is a crucial pharmacological target for NSCLC. DMU-212, an analog of resveratrol, has been reported to have significant inhibitory effects on several types of cancer. However, the effect of DMU-212 on lung cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects and underlying mechanism of DMU-212 on EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells. The data found that the cytotoxicity of DMU-212 on three EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell lines was significantly higher than that of normal lung epithelial cell. Further study showed that DMU-212 can regulate the expression of cell cycle-related proteins including p21 and cyclin B1 to induce G2/M phase arrest in both H1975 and PC9 cells. Moreover, treatment with DMU-212 significantly promoted the activation of AMPK and simultaneously down-regulated the expression of EGFR and the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and ERK. In conclusion, our study suggested that DMU-212 inhibited the growth of NSCLCs via targeting of AMPK and EGFR.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ursino C, Mouric C, Gros L, Bonnefoy N, Faget J. Intrinsic features of the cancer cell as drivers of immune checkpoint blockade response and refractoriness. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170321. [PMID: 37180110 PMCID: PMC10169604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade represents the latest revolution in cancer treatment by substantially increasing patients' lifetime and quality of life in multiple neoplastic pathologies. However, this new avenue of cancer management appeared extremely beneficial in a minority of cancer types and the sub-population of patients that would benefit from such therapies remain difficult to predict. In this review of the literature, we have summarized important knowledge linking cancer cell characteristics with the response to immunotherapy. Mostly focused on lung cancer, our objective was to illustrate how cancer cell diversity inside a well-defined pathology might explain sensitivity and refractoriness to immunotherapies. We first discuss how genomic instability, epigenetics and innate immune signaling could explain differences in the response to immune checkpoint blockers. Then, in a second part we detailed important notions suggesting that altered cancer cell metabolism, specific oncogenic signaling, tumor suppressor loss as well as tight control of the cGAS/STING pathway in the cancer cells can be associated with resistance to immune checkpoint blockade. At the end, we discussed recent evidences that could suggest that immune checkpoint blockade as first line therapy might shape the cancer cell clones diversity and give rise to the appearance of novel resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Julien Faget
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Univ Montpellier, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang K, Li Q, Fan Y, Fang P, Zhou H, Huang J. OBHS Drives Abnormal Glycometabolis Reprogramming via GLUT1 in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087136. [PMID: 37108300 PMCID: PMC10138908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the poor metabolic conditions fomenting the emergence of the Warburg effect (WE) phenotype, abnormal glycometabolism has become a unique and fundamental research topic in the field of tumor biology. Moreover, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinism are associated with poor outcomes in patients with breast cancer. However, there are a few studies on anticancer drugs targeting glycometabolism in breast cancer. We hypothesized that Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS), a class of compounds that function as selective estrogen receptor modulators, may hold potential in a therapy for breast cancer glycometabolism. Here, we evaluated concentrations of glucose, glucose transporters, lactate, 40 metabolic intermediates, and glycolytic enzymes using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and targeted metabolomic analysis in, in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models. OBHS significantly inhibited the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to suppress breast cancer progression and proliferation. Following an investigation of the modulatory effect of OBHS on breast cancer cells, we found that OBHS suppressed the glucose phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation of glycolytic enzymes, leading to the decreased biological synthesis of ATP. This study was novel in highlighting the role of OBHS in the remodeling of tumor glycometabolism in breast cancer, and this is worth further investigation of breast cancer in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiuzi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yufeng Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Pingping Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haibing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nong S, Han X, Xiang Y, Qian Y, Wei Y, Zhang T, Tian K, Shen K, Yang J, Ma X. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutics. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e218. [PMID: 36994237 PMCID: PMC10041388 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells characterized by uncontrolled growth and proliferation require altered metabolic processes to maintain this characteristic. Metabolic reprogramming is a process mediated by various factors, including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, changes in growth factors, and tumor–host cell interactions, which help to meet the needs of cancer cell anabolism and promote tumor development. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells is dynamically variable, depending on the tumor type and microenvironment, and reprogramming involves multiple metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways have complex mechanisms and involve the coordination of various signaling molecules, proteins, and enzymes, which increases the resistance of tumor cells to traditional antitumor therapies. With the development of cancer therapies, metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a new therapeutic target for metabolic changes in tumor cells. Therefore, understanding how multiple metabolic pathways in cancer cells change can provide a reference for the development of new therapies for tumor treatment. Here, we systemically reviewed the metabolic changes and their alteration factors, together with the current tumor regulation treatments and other possible treatments that are still under investigation. Continuous efforts are needed to further explore the mechanism of cancer metabolism reprogramming and corresponding metabolic treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Nong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiaoyue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yuran Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yuhao Wei
- Department of Clinical MedicineWest China School of MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Keyue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of OncologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuelei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang Y, Yuan F, Zhou H, Quan J, Liu C, Wang Y, Xiao F, Liu Q, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yu X. Potential roles of heparanase in cancer therapy: Current trends and future direction. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:896-917. [PMID: 36924082 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Heparanase (HPSE; heparanase-1) is an endo-β-glucuronidase capable of degrading the carbohydrate moiety of heparan sulfate proteoglycans, thus modulating and facilitating the remodeling of the extracellular matrix and basement membrane. HPSE activity is strongly associated with major human pathological complications, including but not limited to tumor progress and angiogenesis. Several lines of literature have shown that overexpression of HPSE leads to enhanced tumor growth and metastatic transmission, as well as poor prognosis. Gene silencing of HPSE or treatment of tumor with compounds that block HPSE activity are shown to remarkably attenuate tumor progression. Therefore, targeting HPSE is considered as a potential therapeutical strategy for the treatment of cancer. Intriguingly, recent findings disclose that heparanase-2 (HPSE-2), a close homolog of HPSE but lacking enzymatic activity, can also regulate antitumor mechanisms. Given the pleiotropic roles of HPSE, further investigation is in demand to determine the precise mechanism of regulating action of HPSE in different cancer settings. In this review, we first summarize the current understanding of HPSE, such as its structure, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution. Furthermore, we systematically review the pro- and antitumorigenic roles and mechanisms of HPSE in cancer progress. In addition, we delineate HPSE inhibitors that have entered clinical trials and their therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fengyan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Quan
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chongyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Samarth N, Gulhane P, Singh S. Immunoregulatory framework and the role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of NSCLC - A systematic review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1089320. [PMID: 36620544 PMCID: PMC9811680 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1089320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With a 5-year survival rate of only 15%, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common kind of lung carcinoma and the cause of millions of deaths annually, has drawn attention. Numerous variables, such as disrupted signaling caused by somatic mutations in the EGFR-mediated RAS/RAF/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT signaling cascade, supports tumour survival in one way or another. Here, the tumour microenvironment significantly contributes to the development of cancer by thwarting the immune response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of gene expression that can function as oncogenes or oncosuppressors. They have a major influence on the occurrence and prognosis of NSCLC. Though, a myriad number of therapies are available and many are being clinically tested, still the drug resistance, its adverse effect and toxicity leading towards fatality cannot be ruled out. In this review, we tried to ascertain the missing links in between perturbed EGFR signaling, miRNAs favouring tumorigenesis and the autophagy mechanism. While connecting all the aforementioned points multiple associations were set, which can be targeted in order to combat NSCLC. Here, we tried illuminating designing synthetically engineered circuits with the toggle switches that might lay a prototype for better therapeutic paradigm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shailza Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gu Z, Yu C. Harnessing bioactive nanomaterials in modulating tumor glycolysis-associated metabolism. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:528. [PMID: 36510194 PMCID: PMC9746179 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic reprogramming is emerging as a hallmark of various cancers and a promising therapeutic target. Nanotechnology is revolutionizing the anti-tumor therapeutic approaches associated with glycolysis. Finely controlled chemical composition and nanostructure provide nanomaterials unique advantages, enabling an excellent platform for integrated drug delivery, biochemical modulation and combination therapy. Recent studies have shown promising potential of nanotherapeutic strategies in modulating tumor glycolytic metabolism alone or in combination with other treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. To foster more innovation in this cutting-edge and interdisciplinary field, this review summarizes recent understandings of the origin and development of tumor glycolysis, then provides the latest advances in how nanomaterials modulate tumor glycolysis-related metabolism. The interplay of nanochemistry, metabolism and immunity is highlighted. Ultimately, the challenges and opportunities are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengying Gu
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 People’s Republic of China ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Modulates Multiple Downstream Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Inhibiting Cell Invasiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235917. [PMID: 36497399 PMCID: PMC9739171 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most common diagnosed tumor and is the second-leading cause of cancer-related death in men. If the cancer is organ-confined it can be treated by various ablative therapies such as RP (radical prostatectomy), RT (radiation therapy), brachytherapy, cryosurgery or HIFU (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound). However, advanced or metastatic PCa treatment requires systemic therapy involving androgen deprivation, but such patients typically progress to refractory disease designated as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been established as a driver of prostate carcinogenesis and tumor progression while less is known about the role of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a member of the IL-6 cytokine family in prostate cancer. Moreover, MAPK/ERK, AKT/PI3K and Jak/STAT pathways that regulate proliferative, invasive and glucose-uptake processes in cancer progression are triggered by CNTF. METHODS We investigate CNTF and its receptor CNTFRα expressions in human androgen-responsive and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, we investigated the role of CNTF in proliferative, invasive processes as well as glucose uptake using two cell models mimicking the PCa (LNCaP cell line) and CRPC (22Rv1 cell line). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that CNTF and CNTFRa were expressed in PCa and CRPC tissues and that CNTF has a pivotal role in prostate cancer environment remodeling and as a negative modulator of invasion processes of CRPC cell models.
Collapse
|
24
|
Matsuta R, Yamamoto H, Tomita M, Saito R. iDMET: network-based approach for integrating differential analysis of cancer metabolomics. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:508. [PMID: 36443658 PMCID: PMC9706903 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-05068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive metabolomic analyses have been conducted in various institutes and a large amount of metabolomic data are now publicly available. To help fully exploit such data and facilitate their interpretation, metabolomic data obtained from different facilities and different samples should be integrated and compared. However, large-scale integration of such data for biological discovery is challenging given that they are obtained from various types of sample at different facilities and by different measurement techniques, and the target metabolites and sensitivities to detect them also differ from study to study. RESULTS We developed iDMET, a network-based approach to integrate metabolomic data from different studies based on the differential metabolomic profiles between two groups, instead of the metabolite profiles themselves. As an application, we collected cancer metabolomic data from 27 previously published studies and integrated them using iDMET. A pair of metabolomic changes observed in the same disease from two studies were successfully connected in the network, and a new association between two drugs that may have similar effects on the metabolic reactions was discovered. CONCLUSIONS We believe that iDMET is an efficient tool for integrating heterogeneous metabolomic data and discovering novel relationships between biological phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rira Matsuta
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8520, Japan
- Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc., 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc., 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan.
| | - Masaru Tomita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8520, Japan
| | - Rintaro Saito
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Peng W, Chen J, He R, Tang Y, Jiang J, Li Y. ID2 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell malignant behaviors by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
|
26
|
Will We Unlock the Benefit of Metformin for Patients with Lung Cancer? Lessons from Current Evidence and New Hypotheses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070786. [PMID: 35890085 PMCID: PMC9318003 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been under basic and clinical study as an oncological repurposing pharmacological agent for several years, stemming from observational studies which consistently evidenced that subjects who were treated with metformin had a reduced risk for development of cancer throughout their lives, as well as improved survival outcomes when diagnosed with neoplastic diseases. As a result, several basic science studies have attempted to dissect the relationship between metformin’s metabolic mechanism of action and antineoplastic cellular signaling pathways. Evidence in this regard was compelling enough that a myriad of randomized clinical trials was planned and conducted in order to establish the effect of metformin treatment for patients with diverse neoplasms, including lung cancer. As with most novel antineoplastic agents, early results from these studies have been mostly discouraging, though a recent analysis that incorporated body mass index may provide significant information regarding which patient subgroups might derive the most benefit from the addition of metformin to their anticancer treatment. Much in line with the current pipeline for anticancer agents, it appears that the benefit of metformin may be circumscribed to a specific patient subgroup. If so, addition of metformin to antineoplastic agents could prove one of the most cost-effective interventions proposed in the context of precision oncology. Currently published reviews mostly rely on a widely questioned mechanism of action by metformin, which fails to consider the differential effects of the drug in lean vs. obese subjects. In this review, we analyze the pre-clinical and clinical information available to date regarding the use of metformin in various subtypes of lung cancer and, further, we present evidence as to the differential metabolic effects of metformin in lean and obese subjects where, paradoxically, the obese subjects have reported more benefit with the addition of metformin treatment. The novel mechanisms of action described for this biguanide may explain the different results observed in clinical trials published in the last decade. Lastly, we present novel hypothesis regarding potential biomarkers to identify who might reap benefit from this intervention, including the role of prolyl hydroxylase domain 3 (PHD3) expression to modify metabolic phenotypes in malignant diseases.
Collapse
|
27
|
Balakrishnan K, Ganesan K. Identification of oncogenic signaling pathways associated with the dimorphic metabolic dysregulations in gastric cancer subtypes. Med Oncol 2022; 39:132. [PMID: 35723749 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulations have been identified as intrinsic hallmarks of cancer cells. Investigations of altered metabolic processes, in the context of the associated oncogenic signaling pathways are expected to pave way for the development of targeted cancer therapeutics. We have recently identified the enrichment of glucose and glutamine metabolism in a subset of intestinal subtype gastric tumors at the level of expression of genes, gene sets and the occurrence of metabolites. On the other hand, glucose transport, glucan and fatty acid metabolism were enriched in a subset of diffuse subtype gastric tumors. In the current study, along with glucose metabolism, mTOR, HSP90, MYC, E2F, P53 and proteasome pathways were found enriched in a subset of intestinal subtype and a part of MSI subtype gastric tumors. On the other hand, along with fatty acid metabolism, the oncogenic pathway KRAS was found to be enriched in a subset of GS tumors among diffuse subtype gastric tumors. Thus, oncogenic signaling pathways associated with two distinct metabolic rewiring which differentially occurs between major gastric cancer subtypes were identified. These pathways seem the potential targets to differentially target these gastric cancer subtypes. Exploratory integrative genomic analyses reveal HSP90 inhibitors, AKT/mTOR inhibitors, and cell cycle inhibitors as potential agents to target the gastric tumors with the rewired glucose metabolism and MEK/MAPK inhibitors as suitable drug candidates to target the diffuse subtype tumors with the dysregulated fatty acid metabolism. This observation would pave way for the selective and targeted use of signaling pathway modulators for targeted and stratified gastric cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Balakrishnan
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumaresan Ganesan
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer Cells: Emerging Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061303. [PMID: 35745875 PMCID: PMC9227908 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The constant changes in cancer cell bioenergetics are widely known as metabolic reprogramming. Reprogramming is a process mediated by multiple factors, including oncogenes, growth factors, hypoxia-induced factors, and the loss of suppressor gene function, which support malignant transformation and tumor development in addition to cell heterogeneity. Consequently, this hallmark promotes resistance to conventional anti-tumor therapies by adapting to the drastic changes in the nutrient microenvironment that these therapies entail. Therefore, it represents a revolutionary landscape during cancer progression that could be useful for developing new and improved therapeutic strategies targeting alterations in cancer cell metabolism, such as the deregulated mTOR and PI3K pathways. Understanding the complex interactions of the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming during cancer initiation and progression is an active study field. Recently, novel approaches are being used to effectively battle and eliminate malignant cells. These include biguanides, mTOR inhibitors, glutaminase inhibition, and ion channels as drug targets. This review aims to provide a general overview of metabolic reprogramming, summarise recent progress in this field, and emphasize its use as an effective therapeutic target against cancer.
Collapse
|
29
|
The role of lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory networks in pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:287. [PMID: 35697671 PMCID: PMC9192730 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which occupy the vast majority of human transcripts are known for their inability to encode proteins. NcRNAs consist of a diverse range of RNA species, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have significant meaning for epigenetic modification, post-transcriptional regulation of target genes, molecular interference, etc. The dysregulation of ncRNAs will mediate the pathogenesis of diverse human diseases, like cancer. Pancreatic cancer, as one of the most lethal malignancies in the digestive system that is hard to make a definite diagnosis at an early clinicopathological stage with a miserable prognosis. Therefore, the identification of potential and clinically applicable biomarker is momentous to improve the overall survival rate and positively ameliorate the prognosis of patients with pancreatic carcinoma. LncRNAs as one kind of ncRNAs exert multitudinous biological functions, and act as molecular sponges, relying on microRNA response elements (MREs) to competitively target microRNAs (miRNAs), thereby attenuating the degradation or inhibition of miRNAs to their own downstream protein-coding target genes, also thus regulating the initiation and progression of neoplasms. LncRNAs, which emerge aforementioned function are called competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Consequently, abundant research of lncRNAs as potential biomarkers is of critical significance for the molecular diagnosis, targeted therapy, as well as prognosis monitoring of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
|
30
|
Saraswat M, Garapati K, Kim J, Budhraja R, Pandey A. Proteomic alterations in extracellular vesicles induced by oncogenic PIK3CA mutations. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200077. [PMID: 35689797 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PIK3CA is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers, with the two most prevalent activating mutations being E545K and H1047R. Although the altered intracellular signaling pathways in these cells have been described, the effect of these mutations on their extracellular vesicles (EVs) has not yet been reported. To study altered cellular physiology and intercellular communication through proteomic analysis of EVs, MCF10A cells and their isogenic mutant versions (PIK3CA E545K and H1047R) were cultured and their EVs enriched by differential ultracentrifugation. Proteins were extracted, digested with trypsin and the peptides labeled with tandem mass tag (TMT) reagents and analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Four thousand six hundred and fifty-five peptides were identified from 579 proteins of which 522 proteins have been previously described in EVs. Relative quantitation revealed altered levels of EV proteins including several cell adhesion molecules. Mesothelin, E-cadherin, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule were elevated in both mutant cell-derived EVs. Markers of tumor invasion and progression like galectin-3 and transforming growth factor beta induced protein were increased in both mutants. Overall, activating mutations in PIK3CA result in altered EV composition with characteristic changes associated with these hotspot mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Saraswat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishore Garapati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Jinyong Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rohit Budhraja
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang Z, Li H, Wang H, Li X, Zhang Q, Wang H, Li K, Qiu Y. TRIM72 exerts antitumor effects in breast cancer and modulates lactate production and MCT4 promoter activity by interacting with PPP3CA. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:489-501. [PMID: 35324524 PMCID: PMC8997701 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes cancer progression, yet its value as a therapeutic target remains underexploited. Tripartite motif-containing 72 (TRIM72) may protect cells against various stresses including hypoxia. Recently, low TRIM72 expression has been implicated in cancer progression. However, the biological role and molecular mechanism of TRIM72 in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the TRIM72 expression in BC tissue and cell lines by western blot (WB) and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. We established the overexpression of TRIM72 using plasmids and lentiviral-mediated upregulation, as well as downregulation of protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP3CA) by siRNA. The tumor-suppressive roles of TRIM72 were assessed on BT549 and MDA-MB-231 cells by MTS, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays in vitro and in xenografted tumors in vivo. The molecular mechanism of TRIM72 was investigated by luciferase reporter and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay. Lactate production was measured by ELISA under hypoxic environments induced by CoCl2. Moreover, the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-associated proteins was detected by WB in BC cells. Results showed that TRIM72 was downregulated in BC. Overexpression of TRIM72 inhibited tumor proliferation and invasion in vitro and in a xenograft tumor model. Mechanistically, PPP3CA altered the inhibitory effects of TRIM72 on hypoxia-induced lactate production and monocarboxylate transporter 4-promoter activity, as well as the effect of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Our study suggests that TRIM72 modulates the TME and plays tumor-suppressive roles in BC progression. Therefore, TRIM72 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Haixia Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Clinic Laboratory, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan
| | - Haifang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University
| | - Kui Li
- Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yurong Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University
- Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Genome-Scale Metabolic Model Analysis of Metabolic Differences between Lauren Diffuse and Intestinal Subtypes in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092340. [PMID: 35565469 PMCID: PMC9104812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide; it has a high mortality rate, particularly in East Asia. Recently, genetic events (e.g., mutations and copy number alterations) and molecular signaling associated with histologically different GC subtypes (diffuse and intestinal) have been elucidated. However, metabolic differences among the histological GC subtypes have not been studied systematically. In this study, we utilized transcriptome-based genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) to identify differential metabolic pathways between Lauren diffuse and intestinal subtypes. We found that diverse metabolic pathways, including cholesterol homeostasis, xenobiotic metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, the MTORC1 pathway, and glycolysis, were dysregulated between the diffuse and intestinal subtypes. Our study provides an overview of the metabolic differences between the two subtypes, possibly leading to an understanding of metabolism in GC heterogeneity.
Collapse
|
33
|
Courant F, Maravat M, Chen W, Gosset D, Blot L, Hervouet-Coste N, Sarou-Kanian V, Morisset-Lopez S, Decoville M. Expression of the Human Serotonin 5-HT 7 Receptor Rescues Phenotype Profile and Restores Dysregulated Biomarkers in a Drosophila melanogaster Glioma Model. Cells 2022; 11:1281. [PMID: 35455961 PMCID: PMC9028361 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Significant progress has been made in recent years in identifying the molecular alterations involved in gliomas. Among them, an amplification/overexpression of the EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) proto-oncogene and its associated signaling pathways have been widely described. However, current treatments remain ineffective for glioblastomas, the most severe forms. Thus, the identification of other pharmacological targets could open new therapeutic avenues. We used a glioma model in Drosophila melanogaster that results from the overexpression of constitutively active forms of EGFR and PI3K specifically in glial cells. We observed hyperproliferation of glial cells that leads to an increase in brain size and lethality at the third instar larval stage. After expression of the human serotonin 5-HT7 receptor in this glioma model, we observed a decrease in larval lethality associated with the presence of surviving adults and a return to a normal morphology of brain for some Drosophila. Those phenotypic changes are accompanied by the normalization of certain metabolic biomarkers measured by High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning NMR (HR-MAS NMR). The 5-HT7R expression in glioma also restores some epigenetic modifications and characteristic markers of the signaling pathways associated with tumor growth. This study demonstrates the role of the serotonin 5-HT7 receptor as a tumor suppressor gene which is in agreement with transcriptomic analysis obtained on human glioblastomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florestan Courant
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Marion Maravat
- Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux: Haute Température et Irradiation—CEMHTI-CNRS UPR 3079, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (M.M.); (V.S.-K.)
| | - Wanyin Chen
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - David Gosset
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Lauren Blot
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Nadège Hervouet-Coste
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Vincent Sarou-Kanian
- Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux: Haute Température et Irradiation—CEMHTI-CNRS UPR 3079, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (M.M.); (V.S.-K.)
| | - Séverine Morisset-Lopez
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Martine Decoville
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
- UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Orléans, 6 Avenue du Parc Floral, F-45100 Orléans, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Barrios-Bernal P, Hernandez-Pedro N, Orozco-Morales M, Viedma-Rodríguez R, Lucio-Lozada J, Avila-Moreno F, Cardona AF, Rosell R, Arrieta O. Metformin Enhances TKI-Afatinib Cytotoxic Effect, Causing Downregulation of Glycolysis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and EGFR-Signaling Pathway Activation in Lung Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030381. [PMID: 35337178 PMCID: PMC8955777 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of metformin and TKIs for non-small cell lung cancer has been proposed as a strategy to overcome resistance of neoplastic cells induced by several molecular mechanisms. This study sought to investigate the effects of a second generation TKI afatinib, metformin, or their combination on three adenocarcinoma lung cancer cell lines with different EGFRmutation status. A549, H1975, and HCC827 cell lines were treated with afatinib, metformin, and their combination for 72 h. Afterwards, several parameters were assessed including cytotoxicity, interactions, apoptosis, and EGFR protein levels at the cell membrane and several glycolytic, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and EMT expression markers. All cell lines showed additive to synergic interactions for the induction of cytotoxicity caused by the tested combination, as well as an improved pro-apoptotic effect. This effect was accompanied by downregulation of glycolytic, EMT markers, a significant decrease in glucose uptake, extracellular lactate, and a tendency towards increased OXPHOS subunits expression. Interestingly, we observed a better response to the combined therapy in lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1975, which normally have low affinity for TKI treatment. Findings from this study suggest a sensitization to afatinib therapy by metformin in TKI-resistant lung cancer cells, as well as a reduction in cellular glycolytic phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Barrios-Bernal
- Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Thoracic Oncology Unit Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, S.S.A., San Fernando 22 Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (P.B.-B.); (N.H.-P.); (M.O.-M.); (J.L.-L.)
| | - Norma Hernandez-Pedro
- Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Thoracic Oncology Unit Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, S.S.A., San Fernando 22 Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (P.B.-B.); (N.H.-P.); (M.O.-M.); (J.L.-L.)
| | - Mario Orozco-Morales
- Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Thoracic Oncology Unit Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, S.S.A., San Fernando 22 Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (P.B.-B.); (N.H.-P.); (M.O.-M.); (J.L.-L.)
| | - Rubí Viedma-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico City 54090, Mexico;
| | - José Lucio-Lozada
- Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Thoracic Oncology Unit Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, S.S.A., San Fernando 22 Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (P.B.-B.); (N.H.-P.); (M.O.-M.); (J.L.-L.)
| | - Federico Avila-Moreno
- Lung Diseases and Cancer Epigenomics Laboratory, Biomedicine Research Unit (UBIMED), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico City 54090, Mexico;
| | - Andrés F. Cardona
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research—FICMAC/Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 11001, Colombia;
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute and Hospital Campus Can Ruti, 8908 Badalona, Spain;
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Laboratorio de Medicina Personalizada, Thoracic Oncology Unit Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, S.S.A., San Fernando 22 Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (P.B.-B.); (N.H.-P.); (M.O.-M.); (J.L.-L.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Structural Insight and Development of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030819. [PMID: 35164092 PMCID: PMC8838133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high prevalence, with a growing number of new cases and mortality every year. Furthermore, the survival rate of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is still quite low in the majority of cases. Despite the use of conventional therapy such as tyrosine kinase inhibitor for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), which is highly expressed in most NSCLC cases, there was still no substantial improvement in patient survival. This is due to the drug’s ineffectiveness and high rate of resistance among individuals with mutant EGFR. Therefore, the development of new inhibitors is urgently needed. Understanding the EGFR structure, including its kinase domain and other parts of the protein, and its activation mechanism can accelerate the discovery of novel compounds targeting this protein. This study described the structure of the extracellular, transmembrane, and intracellular domains of EGFR. This was carried out along with identifying the binding pose of commercially available inhibitors in the ATP-binding and allosteric sites, thereby clarifying the research gaps that can be filled. The binding mechanism of inhibitors that have been used clinically was also explained, thereby aiding the structure-based development of new drugs.
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang H, Su X, Burley SK, Zheng XFS. mTOR regulates aerobic glycolysis through NEAT1 and nuclear paraspeckle-mediated mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma. Theranostics 2022; 12:3518-3533. [PMID: 35547764 PMCID: PMC9065186 DOI: 10.7150/thno.72581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a major form of liver cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. New insights into HCC pathobiology and mechanism of drug actions are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. HCC undergoes metabolic reprogramming of glucose metabolism from respiration to aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon known as the 'Warburg Effect' that supports rapid cancer cell growth, survival, and invasion. mTOR is known to promote Warburg Effect, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains poorly defined. The aim of this study is to understand the mechanism(s) and significance of mTOR regulation of aerobic glycolysis in HCC. Methods: We profiled mTORC1-dependent long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) by RNA-seq of HCC cells treated with rapamycin. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the transcriptional regulation of NEAT1 by mTORC1. [U-13C]-glucose labeling and metabolomic analysis, extracellular acidification Rate (ECAR) by Seahorse XF Analyzer, and glucose uptake assay were used to investigate the role of mTOR-NEAT1-NONO signaling in the regulation of aerobic glycolysis. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and NONO-binding motif scanning were performed to identify the regulatory mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing by mTOR-NEAT1. Myristoylated AKT1 (mAKT1)/NRASV12-driven HCC model developed by hydrodynamic transfection (HDT) was employed to explore the significance of mTOR-NEAT1 signaling in HCC tumorigenesis and mTOR-targeted therapy. Results: mTOR regulates lncRNA transcriptome in HCC and that NEAT1 is a major mTOR transcriptional target. Interestingly, although both NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2 are down-regulated in HCC, only NEAT1_2 is significantly correlated with poor overall survival of HCC patients. NEAT1_2 is the organizer of nuclear paraspeckles that sequester the RNA-binding proteins NONO and SFPQ. We show that upon oncogenic activation, mTORC1 suppresses NEAT1_2 expression and paraspeckle biogenesis, liberating NONO/SFPQ, which in turn, binds to U5 within the spliceosome, stimulating mRNA splicing and expression of key glycolytic enzymes. This series of actions lead to enhanced glucose transport, aerobic glycolytic flux, lactate production, and HCC growth both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the paraspeckle-mediated mechanism is important for the anticancer action of US FDA-approved drugs rapamycin/temsirolimus. Conclusions: These findings reveal a molecular mechanism by which mTOR promotes the 'Warburg Effect', which is important for the metabolism and development of HCC, and anticancer response of mTOR-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Su
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Stephen K Burley
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.,RCSB Protein Data Bank and Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, 174 Frelinghuysen Road, NJ 08854 USA.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 174 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.,RCSB Protein Data Bank, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and San Diego Supercomputing Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - X F Steven Zheng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yang H, Zhang MZH, Sun HW, Chai YT, Li X, Jiang Q, Hou J. A Novel Microcrystalline BAY-876 Formulation Achieves Long-Acting Antitumor Activity Against Aerobic Glycolysis and Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:783194. [PMID: 34869036 PMCID: PMC8636331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.783194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BAY-876 is an effective antagonist of the Glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) receptor, a mediator of aerobic glycolysis, a biological process considered a hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) together with cell proliferation, drug-resistance, and metastasis. However, the clinical application of BAY-876 has faced many challenges. In the presence study, we describe the formulation of a novel microcrystalline BAY-876 formulation. A series of HCC tumor models were established to determine not only the sustained release of microcrystalline BAY-876, but also its long-acting antitumor activity. The clinical role of BAY-876 was confirmed by the increased expression of GLUT1, which was associated with the worse prognosis among advanced HCC patients. A single dose of injection of microcrystalline BAY-876 directly in the HCC tissue achieved sustained localized levels of Bay-876. Moreover, the single injection of microcrystalline BAY-876 in HCC tissues not only inhibited glucose uptake and prolonged proliferation of HCC cells, but also inhibited the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors. Thus, the microcrystalline BAY-876 described in this study can directly achieve promising localized effects, given its limited diffusion to other tissues, thereby reducing the occurrence of potential side effects, and providing an additional option for advanced HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Baoding, China
| | - Mu-Zi-He Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Security Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Wei Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Tao Chai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyu Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cargill KR, Hasken WL, Gay CM, Byers LA. Alternative Energy: Breaking Down the Diverse Metabolic Features of Lung Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:757323. [PMID: 34745994 PMCID: PMC8566922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.757323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer initiation, progression, and relapse. From the initial observation that cancer cells preferentially ferment glucose to lactate, termed the Warburg effect, to emerging evidence indicating that metabolic heterogeneity and mitochondrial metabolism are also important for tumor growth, the complex mechanisms driving cancer metabolism remain vastly unknown. These unique shifts in metabolism must be further investigated in order to identify unique therapeutic targets for individuals afflicted by this aggressive disease. Although novel therapies have been developed to target metabolic vulnerabilities in a variety of cancer models, only limited efficacy has been achieved. In particular, lung cancer metabolism has remained relatively understudied and underutilized for the advancement of therapeutic strategies, however recent evidence suggests that lung cancers have unique metabolic preferences of their own. This review aims to provide an overview of essential metabolic mechanisms and potential therapeutic agents in order to increase evidence of targeted metabolic inhibition for the treatment of lung cancer, where novel therapeutics are desperately needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lauren A. Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kwon IG, Kang CW, Park JP, Oh JH, Wang EK, Kim TY, Sung JS, Park N, Lee YJ, Sung HJ, Lee EJ, Hyung WJ, Shin SJ, Noh SH, Yun M, Kang WJ, Cho A, Ku CR. Serum glucose excretion after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a potential target for diabetes treatment. Gut 2021; 70:1847-1856. [PMID: 33208408 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes resolution after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are unclear. We suspected that glucose excretion may occur in the small bowel based on observations in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms underlying serum glucose excretion in the small intestine and its contribution to glucose homeostasis after bariatric surgery. DESIGN 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) was measured in RYGB-operated or sham-operated obese diabetic rats. Altered glucose metabolism was targeted and RNA sequencing was performed in areas of high or low FDG uptake in the ileum or common limb. Intestinal glucose metabolism and excretion were confirmed using 14C-glucose and FDG. Increased glucose metabolism was evaluated in IEC-18 cells and mouse intestinal organoids. Obese or ob/ob mice were treated with amphiregulin (AREG) to correlate intestinal glycolysis changes with changes in serum glucose homeostasis. RESULTS The AREG/EGFR/mTOR/AKT/GLUT1 signal transduction pathway was activated in areas of increased glycolysis and intestinal glucose excretion in RYGB-operated rats. Intraluminal GLUT1 inhibitor administration offset improved glucose homeostasis in RYGB-operated rats. AREG-induced signal transduction pathway was confirmed using IEC-18 cells and mouse organoids, resulting in a greater capacity for glucose uptake via GLUT1 overexpression and sequestration in apical and basolateral membranes. Systemic and local AREG administration increased GLUT1 expression and small intestinal membrane translocation and prevented hyperglycaemic exacerbation. CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery or AREG administration induces apical and basolateral membrane GLUT1 expression in the small intestinal enterocytes, resulting in increased serum glucose excretion in the gut lumen. Our findings suggest a novel, potentially targetable glucose homeostatic mechanism in the small intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In Gyu Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Kang
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Park
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hun Oh
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Wang
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sol Sung
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Jong Lee
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Hyung
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Shin
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Noh
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Yun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Arthur Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Papalazarou V, Maddocks ODK. Supply and demand: Cellular nutrient uptake and exchange in cancer. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3731-3748. [PMID: 34547236 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nutrient supply and demand delineate cell behavior in health and disease. Mammalian cells have developed multiple strategies to secure the necessary nutrients that fuel their metabolic needs. This is more evident upon disruption of homeostasis in conditions such as cancer, when cells display high proliferation rates in energetically challenging conditions where nutritional sources may be scarce. Here, we summarize the main routes of nutrient acquisition that fuel mammalian cells and their implications in tumorigenesis. We argue that the molecular mechanisms of nutrient acquisition not only tip the balance between nutrient supply and demand but also determine cell behavior upon nutrient limitation and energetic stress and contribute to nutrient partitioning and metabolic coordination between different cell types in inflamed or tumorigenic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papalazarou
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Oliver D K Maddocks
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kanwore K, Kambey PA, Guo XX, Abiola AA, Xia Y, Gao D. Extracellular and Intracellular Factors in Brain Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:699103. [PMID: 34513834 PMCID: PMC8429835 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.699103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The external and internal factors of the cell are critical to glioma initiation. Several factors and molecules have been reported to be implicated in the initiation and progression of brain cancer. However, the exact sequence of events responsible for glioma initiation is still unknown. Existing reports indicate that glioma stem cells are the cell of glioma origin. During cell division, chromosome breakage, DNA alteration increases the chance of cell genome modifications and oncogene overexpression. Although there is a high risk of gene alteration and oncogene overexpression, not everyone develops cancer. During embryogenesis, the same oncogenes that promote cancers have also been reported to be highly expressed, but this high expression which does not lead to carcinogenesis raises questions about the role of oncogenes in carcinogenesis. The resistance of cancer cells to drugs, apoptosis, and immune cells does not rely solely on oncogene overexpression but also on the defect in cell organelle machinery (mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeleton). This review discusses factors contributing to cancer; we report the dysfunction of the cell organelles and their contribution to carcinogenesis, while oncogene overexpression promotes tumorigenesis, maintenance, and progression through cell adhesion. All these factors together represent a fundamental requirement for cancer and its development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kouminin Kanwore
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Guo
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ayanlaja Abdulrahman Abiola
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dianshuai Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yin G, Wang Z, Song Y, Li X, Chen Y, Zhu L, Su Q, Dai D, Xu W. Prediction of EGFR Mutation Status Based on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Using Deep Learning-Based Model in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:709137. [PMID: 34367993 PMCID: PMC8340023 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.709137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning-based system to automatically predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant lung adenocarcinoma in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Methods Three hundred and one lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation status were enrolled in this study. Two deep learning models (SECT and SEPET) were developed with Squeeze-and-Excitation Residual Network (SE-ResNet) module for the prediction of EGFR mutation with CT and PET images, respectively. The deep learning models were trained with a training data set of 198 patients and tested with a testing data set of 103 patients. Stacked generalization was used to integrate the results of SECT and SEPET. Results The AUCs of the SECT and SEPET were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62–0.80) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.65–0.82) in the testing data set, respectively. After integrating SECT and SEPET with stacked generalization, the AUC was further improved to 0.84 (95% CI, 0.75–0.90), significantly higher than SECT (p<0.05). Conclusion The stacking model based on 18F-FDG PET/CT images is capable to predict EGFR mutation status of patients with lung adenocarcinoma automatically and non-invasively. The proposed model in this study showed the potential to help clinicians identify suitable advanced patients with lung adenocarcinoma for EGFR‐targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Yin
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingchao Song
- School of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Dai
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| | - Wengui Xu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for China, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jin S, Chang XC, Wen J, Yang J, Ao N, Zhang KY, Suo LN, Du J. Decarboxylated osteocalcin, a possible drug for type 2 diabetes, triggers glucose uptake in MG63 cells. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:1102-1115. [PMID: 34326958 PMCID: PMC8311485 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i7.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (GluOC) has been reported to improve glucose metabolism, prevent type 2 diabetes, and decrease the severity of obesity in mice with type 2 diabetes. GluOC can increase glucose uptake in a variety of cells. Glucose metabolism is the main source of energy for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. We hypothesized that decarboxylated osteocalcin (dcOC), a kind of GluOC, can increase glucose uptake in MG63 cells (osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells) and influence their proliferation and differentiation.
AIM To investigate the effects of dcOC on glucose uptake in human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells and the possible signaling pathways involved.
METHODS MG63 cells (human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells) were treated with dcOC (0, 0.3, 3, 10, or 30 ng/mL) for 1 and 72 h, and glucose uptake was measured by flow cytometry. The effect of dcOC on cell proliferation was measured with a CCK-8 assay, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity was measured. PI3K was inhibited with LY294002, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) was silenced with siRNA. Then, GPRC6A (G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 subtype A), total Akt, phosphorylated Akt, HIF-1α, and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) levels were measured by Western blot to elucidate the possible pathways by which dcOC modulates glucose uptake.
RESULTS The glucose uptake of MG63 cells was significantly increased compared with that of the paired control cells after short-term (1 h) treatment with dcOC at different concentrations (0.3, 3, and 10 ng/mL groups, P < 0.01; 30 ng/mL group, P < 0.05). Glucose uptake of MG63 cells was significantly increased compared with that of the paired control cells after long-term (72 h) treatment with dcOC at different concentrations (0.3, 3, and 10 ng/mL groups, P < 0.01; 30 ng/mL group, P < 0.05). DcOC triggered Akt phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner, and the most effective stimulatory concentration of dcOC for short-term (1 h) was 3 ng/mL (P < 0.01). LY294002 abolished the dcOC-mediated (1 h) promotion of Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake without affecting GLUT1 protein expression. Long-term dcOC stimulation triggered Akt phosphorylation and increased the protein levels of HIF-1α, GLUT1, and Runx2 in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of HIF-1α with siRNA abolished the dcOC-mediated glucose uptake and substantially decreased GLUT1 protein expression. DcOC intervention promoted cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner as determined by the CCK-8 assay. Treatment with both 3 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL dcOC affected the ALP activity in MG63 cells after 72 h (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION Short- and long-term dcOC treatment can increase glucose uptake and affect proliferation and ALP activity in MG63 cells. This effect may occur through the PI3K/Akt, HIF-1α, and GLUT1 signaling factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao-Cen Chang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Ao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ke-Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin-Na Suo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
De novo deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis regulates cell growth and tumor progression in small-cell lung carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13474. [PMID: 34188151 PMCID: PMC8242079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis from ribonucleotides supports the growth of active cancer cells by producing building blocks for DNA. Although ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is known to catalyze the rate-limiting step of de novo deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) synthesis, the biological function of the RNR large subunit (RRM1) in small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we established siRNA-transfected SCLC cell lines to investigate the anticancer effect of silencing RRM1 gene expression. We found that RRM1 is required for the full growth of SCLC cells both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, the deletion of RRM1 induced a DNA damage response in SCLC cells and decreased the number of cells with S phase cell cycle arrest. We also elucidated the overall changes in the metabolic profile of SCLC cells caused by RRM1 deletion. Together, our findings reveal a relationship between the deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis axis and key metabolic changes in SCLC, which may indicate a possible link between tumor growth and the regulation of deoxyribonucleotide metabolism in SCLC.
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu Y, Gao W, Liu H. Role of metabolic reprogramming in drug resistance to epidermal growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:545-551. [PMID: 34148892 PMCID: PMC10930213 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.200529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) can effectively inhibit the growth of EGFR-dependent mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, NSCLC patients often develop severe drug resistance after long-term EGFR-TKI treatment. Studies have shown that the disorder of energy metabolism in tumor cells can induce EGFR-TKI resistance. Due to the drug action, gene mutation and other factors, tumor cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, which increases the metabolic rate and intensity of tumor cells, promotes the intake and synthesis of nutrients (such as sugar, fat and glutamine), forms a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth, enhances the bypass activation, phenotype transformation and abnormal proliferation of tumor cells, and inhibits the activity of immune cells and apoptosis of tumor cells, ultimately leading to drug resistance of tumor cells to EGFR-TKI. Therefore, targeting energy metabolism of NSCLC may be a potential way to alleviate TKI resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College; Anhui Provincial Biochemical Drugs Engineering Technology Research Center, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College; Anhui Provincial Biochemical Drugs Engineering Technology Research Center, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College; Anhui Provincial Biochemical Drugs Engineering Technology Research Center, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cholesterol-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming in Breast Cancer Cells Is Mediated via the ERRα Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112605. [PMID: 34073320 PMCID: PMC8198778 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is increasing evidence that obesity and high circulating cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of recurrence and a higher mortality rate in breast cancer patients via altering the metabolic programming in breast cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanism by which high cholesterol levels reprogram the metabolic pathways in breast cancer cells is not well-understood. We have previously demonstrated that cholesterol acts as an endogenous agonist of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), a strong regulator of cellular metabolism. The aim of the current study is to demonstrate whether cholesterol/obesity mediates its pathogenic effect in breast cancer cells via altering metabolic pathways in an ERRα-dependent manner. The findings of this study provide mechanistic insights into the link between cholesterol/obesity and metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer patients and reveal the metabolic vulnerabilities in such breast cancer patients that could be therapeutically targeted. Abstract The molecular mechanism underlying the metabolic reprogramming associated with obesity and high blood cholesterol levels is poorly understood. We previously reported that cholesterol is an endogenous ligand of the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα). Using functional assays, metabolomics, and genomics, here we show that exogenous cholesterol alters the metabolic pathways in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, and that this involves increased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and TCA cycle intermediate levels. In addition, cholesterol augments aerobic glycolysis in TNBC cells although it remains unaltered in ER+ cells. Interestingly, cholesterol does not alter the metabolite levels of glutaminolysis, one-carbon metabolism, or the pentose phosphate pathway, but increases the NADPH levels and cellular proliferation, in both cell types. Importantly, we show that the above cholesterol-induced modulations of the metabolic pathways in breast cancer cells are mediated via ERRα. Furthermore, analysis of the ERRα metabolic gene signature of basal-like breast tumours of overweight/obese versus lean patients, using the GEO database, shows that obesity may modulate ERRα gene signature in a manner consistent with our in vitro findings with exogenous cholesterol. Given the close link between high cholesterol levels and obesity, our findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the association between cholesterol/obesity and metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer patients.
Collapse
|
47
|
Bonner ER, Waszak SM, Grotzer MA, Mueller S, Nazarian J. Mechanisms of imipridones in targeting mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:542-556. [PMID: 33336683 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ONC201 is the first member of the imipridone family of anticancer drugs to enter the clinic for the treatment of diverse solid and hematologic cancers. A subset of pediatric and adult patients with highly aggressive brain tumors has shown remarkable clinical responses to ONC201, and recently, the more potent derivative ONC206 entered clinical trials as a single agent for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) cancers. Despite the emerging clinical interest in the utility of imipridones, their exact molecular mechanisms are not fully described. In fact, the existing literature points to multiple pathways (e.g. tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling, dopamine receptor antagonism, and mitochondrial metabolism) as putative drug targets. We have performed a comprehensive literature review and highlighted mitochondrial metabolism as the major target of imipridones. In support of this, we performed a meta-analysis of an ONC201 screen across 539 human cancer cell lines and showed that the mitochondrial caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) is the most significant predictive biomarker of response to treatment. Herein, we summarize the main findings on the anticancer mechanisms of this potent class of drugs, provide clarity on their role, and identify clinically relevant predictive biomarkers of response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Bonner
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Sebastian M Waszak
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael A Grotzer
- Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Mueller
- Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.,Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Shi W, Fu Y, Wang Y. Downregulation of GLUT3 impairs STYK1/NOK-mediated metabolic reprogramming and proliferation in NIH-3T3 cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:527. [PMID: 34055092 PMCID: PMC8138895 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine threonine tyrosine kinase 1 (STYK1)/novel oncogene with kinase domain (NOK) has been demonstrated to promote cell carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis, as well as to strengthen cellular aerobic glycolysis, which is considered to be a defining hallmark of cancer. As the carriers of glucose into cells, glucose transporters (GLUTs) are important participants in cellular glucose metabolism and even tumorigenesis. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of GLUTs in biological events caused by STYK1/NOK has not yet been reported. The present study assessed GLUT3 as a key transporter, and glucose consumption and lactate production assays revealed that downregulation of GLUT3 impaired STYK1/NOK-induced augmented glucose uptake and lactate production, and RT-qPCR and western blotting confirmed that GLUT3 knockdown attenuated the STYK1/NOK-induced increase in the expression levels of key enzymes implicated in glycolysis. Furthermore, MTT and Transwell assays demonstrated that STYK1/NOK-triggered cell proliferation and migration were also markedly decreased following knockdown of GLUT3. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that GLUT3 serves a prominent role in STYK1/NOK-driven aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation characteristics. These findings may provide a clue for the investigation of the oncogenic activity of STYK1/NOK and for the identification of potential tumor therapy targets associated with GLUT3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Shi
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Yu Fu
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| | - Yingze Wang
- Cell Engineering Laboratory, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Luo H, Song B, Xiong G, Zhang B, Zuo Z, Zhou Z, Chang X. Cadmium inhibits neural stem/progenitor cells proliferation via MitoROS-dependent AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1998-2010. [PMID: 33977565 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal widely found in the environment. Cd is also a potential neurotoxicant, and its exposure is associated with impairment of cognitive function. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Cd induces neurotoxicity are unclear. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effect of Cd on primary murine neural stem/progenitor cells (mNS/PCs) isolated from the subventricular zone. Our results show that Cd exposure leads to mNS/PCs G1/S arrest, promotes cell apoptosis, and inhibits cell proliferation. In addition, Cd increases intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) that activates mitochondrial oxidative stress, decreases ATP production, and increases mitochondrial proton leak and glycolysis rate in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Cd exposure decreases phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) in mNS/PCs. In addition, pretreatment mNS/PCs with MitoTEMPO, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, improves mitochondrial morphology and functions and attenuates Cd-induced inhibition of mNS/PCs proliferation. It also effectively reverses Cd-induced changes of phosphorylation of AKT and the expression of β-catenin and its downstream genes. Taken together, our data suggested that AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in Cd-induced mNS/PCs proliferation inhibition via MitoROS-dependent pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Luo
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Song
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiya Xiong
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenzi Zuo
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Goodwin JS, Tsai LL, Mwin D, Coutinho de Souza P, Dialani S, Moon JT, Zhang Z, Grant AK, Ahmed M. In vivo detection of distal tumor glycolytic flux stimulated by hepatic ablation in a breast cancer model using hyperpolarized 13C MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 80:90-97. [PMID: 33901585 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hepatic thermal ablation therapy can result in c-Met-mediated off-target stimulation of distal tumor growth. The purpose of this study was to determine if a similar effect on tumor metabolism could be detected in vivo with hyperpolarized 13C MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, female Fisher rats (n = 28, 120-150 g) were implanted with R3230 rat breast adenocarcinoma cells and assigned to either: sham surgery, hepatic radiofrequency ablation (RFA), or hepatic RFA + adjuvant c-Met inhibition with PHA-665752 (RFA + PHA). PHA-665752 was administered at 0.83 mg/kg at 24 h post-RFA. Tumor growth was measured daily. MRI was performed 24 h before and 72 h after treatment on 14 rats, and the conversion of 13C-pyruvate into 13C-lactate within each tumor was quantified as lactate:pyruvate ratio (LPR). Comparisons of tumor growth and LPR were performed using paired and unpaired t-tests. RESULTS Hepatic RFA alone resulted in increased growth of the distant tumor compared to sham treatment (0.50 ± 0.13 mm/day versus 0.11 ± 0.07 mm/day; p < 0.001), whereas RFA + PHA (0.06 ± 0.13 mm/day) resulted in no significant change from sham treatment (p = 0.28). A significant increase in LPR was seen following hepatic RFA (+0.016 ± 0.010, p = 0.02), while LPR was unchanged for sham treatment (-0.048 ± 0.051, p = 0.10) or RFA + PHA (0.003 ± 0.041, p = 0.90). CONCLUSION In vivo hyperpolarized 13C MRI can detect hepatic RFA-induced increase in lactate flux within a distant R3230 tumor, which correlates with increased tumor growth. Adjuvant inhibition of c-Met suppresses these off-target effects, supporting a role for the HGF/c-Met signaling axis in these tumorigenic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Scott Goodwin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; UT Austin Dell Medical School Transitional Program, 1400 IH-35, CEC 2.404, Austin, TX 78701, USA
| | - Leo L Tsai
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - David Mwin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Patricia Coutinho de Souza
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Genmab, 777 Scudders Mill Rd, Plainsboro, NJ 08536, USA
| | - Svayam Dialani
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Northwestern University, 2145 Ridge Ave, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - John T Moon
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Division of Interventional Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aaron K Grant
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Muneeb Ahmed
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|