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Zhu T, Jin S, Tong D, Liu X, Liu Y, Zheng J. Enhancing the Anti-Tumor Efficacy of NK Cells on Canine Mammary Tumors through Resveratrol Activation. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1636. [PMID: 38891683 PMCID: PMC11171074 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the therapeutic effect of Resveratrol (Res)-activated Natural Killer (NK) cells on canine mammary tumors, this study employed a range of assays, including wound healing, colony formation, Transwell, flow cytometry, and Western blot experiments, to investigate the impact of Res-pretreated NK cells on canine mammary tumor cells in vitro. Additionally, a tumor-bearing mouse model was utilized to further analyze the therapeutic effects of Res-pretreated NK cells in vivo. The results showed that Res enhances the capacity of NK cells to induce apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis in canine breast tumor cells, while also augmenting their influence on the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of these cells. Furthermore, pretreatment of NK cells with Res significantly amplified their inhibitory effect on breast tumor growth in vivo and promoted tumor tissue apoptosis. Additionally, Res enhanced the recruitment of NK cells to other immune cells in the body. In summary, Res has been shown to enhance the anti-breast-tumor effect of NK cells both in vitro and in vivo, offering a new avenue for optimizing immunotherapy for canine breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (D.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Shengzi Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (D.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Danning Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (D.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Xingyao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (D.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Yun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Z.); (S.J.); (D.T.); (X.L.)
| | - Jiasan Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, China
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Nguyen HPQ, Bae WK, Park MS, Chung IJ, Nam TK, Jeong JU, Uong TNT, Cho D, Kim SK, Yoon M. Intensified NK cell therapy in combination with low-dose chemoradiotherapy against human colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:4089-4102. [PMID: 37801126 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03545-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of adoptive natural Killer (NK) cells immunotherapy in combination with chemoradiotherapy, the main treatment modality for colorectal cancer (CRC), has not yet been explored. Here, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of NK cells to potentiate primary tumor control and improve survival outcomes, especially in combination with low-dose chemoradiotherapy. Ex vivo activated NK cells (> 90% purity) from healthy donors were obtained. NK cells were administered intravenously to the CRC-bearing mice and intensified in vivo in combination with low-dose 5-fluorouracil (0.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/Kg) and irradiated tumors with low doses (2 Gy or 4 Gy). Real-time NK cell cytotoxicity demonstrated a synergistic killing effect of a combination of low-dose chemoradiotherapy, mainly through NKp30 and NKG2D, showing a decrease in NK cell degranulation after blocking NKG2D and NKp30. In vivo tumor characteristics after combination treatment showed decreased CD112, CD155, MICA, and MICB expression. Under the combination strategy, 70% of the mice had free lung metastasis and 90% without secondary gross tumors, indicating suppressed distant metastasis to lung and axillary regions. This combination therapy resulted in significantly synergistic antitumor activity against primary solid tumors compared to chemoradiotherapy only. Furthermore, the intensified NK cell administration showed significantly better primary tumor control and survival outcomes than the non-intensified NK cell administration in a human colorectal HT-29 model treated with low-dose chemoradiotherapy. Optimized NK cell therapy combined with low-dose chemoradiotherapy can provide effective therapeutic potential for intractable cold human colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Phuoc Quang Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myong Suk Park
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Joo Chung
- Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Keun Nam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Uk Jeong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tung Nguyen Thanh Uong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ki Kim
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - Meesun Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
- Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Shen Y, Jiang L, Zhang G, Zhang X, Xu Y, Fu F. Deficiency of N-linked glycosylation impairs immune function of B7-H6. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1255667. [PMID: 38035117 PMCID: PMC10684670 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1255667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
B7-H6 is a novel immune checkpoint molecule that triggers NK cell cytotoxicity, but the role of N-glycosylation in B7-H6 is poorly understood. We here identified the existence of N-glycosylation of B7-H6 in different cell lines and exogenous expression cells by PNGase F digestion and tunicamycin blockage. Subsequently, we demonstrated that B7-H6 contains 6 functional N-linked glycosylation sites by single site mutation and electrophoresis. Phylogenetical and structural analysis revealed that N43 and N208 glycan are conserved in jawed vertebrates and may thus contribute more to the biological functions. We further demonstrated that N43 and N208 glycosylation are essential for B7-H6 to trigger NK cell activation. Mechanistically, we found that N43 and N208 glycan contributed to the stability and membrane expression of B7-H6 protein. Lack of N208 glycosylation led to membrane B7-H6 shedding, while N43 mutation resulted in impaired B7-H6/NKp30 binding affinity. Together, our findings highlight the significance of N-linked glycosylation in B7-H6 biological functions and suggest potential targets for modulating NK cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, the First affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Suzhou Red Cross Blood Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Hematology, the First affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fengqing Fu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Carreira-Santos S, López-Sejas N, González-Sánchez M, Sánchez-Hernández E, Pera A, Hassouneh F, Durán E, Solana R, Casado JG, Tarazona R. Enhanced expression of natural cytotoxicity receptors on cytokine-induced memory-like natural killer cells correlates with effector function. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256404. [PMID: 37908353 PMCID: PMC10613704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of the innate immune system, involved in defending the host against virus-infected cells and tumor immunosurveillance. Under in vitro culture conditions, IL-12/15/18 can induce a memory-like phenotype in NK cells. These cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells possess desirable characteristics for immunotherapies, including a longer lifespan and increased cytotoxicity. Methods In this study, NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors and stimulated with IL-12/15/18 to induce a memory-like phenotype or with IL-15 alone as a control. After seven days of culture, multiparametric flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate the phenotypic and functional profiles of CIML and control NK cells. Results Our results showed a significantly higher expression of CD25, CD69, NKG2D, NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, TACTILE, and Granzyme B in CIML NK cells compared to control NK cells. In contrast, KIR2D expression was significantly lower in CIML NK cells than in control NK cells. Moreover, functional experiments demonstrated that CIML NK cells displayed enhanced degranulation capacity and increased intracellular IFN-γ production against the target cell line K562. Interestingly, the degranulation capacity of CIML NK cells was positively correlated with the expression of the activating receptors NKp46 and NKp30, as well as with the inhibitory receptor TACTILE. Discussion In conclusion, this study provides a deep phenotypic characterization of in vitro-expanded CIML NK cells. Moreover, the correlations found between NK cell receptors and degranulation capacity of CIML NK cells allowed the identification of several biomarkers that could be useful in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Carreira-Santos
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Nelson López-Sejas
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Eva Sánchez-Hernández
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alejandra Pera
- Immunology and Allergy Group (GC01), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fakhri Hassouneh
- Immunology and Allergy Group (GC01), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esther Durán
- Anatomy and Comparative Pathological Anatomy Unit, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Rafael Solana
- Immunology and Allergy Group (GC01), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Immunology and Allergy Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Javier G. Casado
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV Network, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Tarazona
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Huang Y, Zou B, Xu Y. Amplifying cancer treatment: advances in tumor immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based hyperthermia. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1258786. [PMID: 37869003 PMCID: PMC10587571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the quest for cancer treatment modalities with greater effectiveness, the combination of tumor immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based hyperthermia has emerged as a promising frontier. The present article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances and cutting-edge research in this burgeoning field and examines how these two treatment strategies can be effectively integrated. Tumor immunotherapy, which harnesses the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells, has shown considerable promise. Concurrently, nanoparticle-based hyperthermia, which utilizes nanotechnology to promote selective cell death by raising the temperature of tumor cells, has emerged as an innovative therapeutic approach. While both strategies have individually shown potential, combination of the two modalities may amplify anti-tumor responses, with improved outcomes and reduced side effects. Key studies illustrating the synergistic effects of these two approaches are highlighted, and current challenges and future prospects in the field are discussed. As we stand on the precipice of a new era in cancer treatment, this review underscores the importance of continued research and collaboration in bringing these innovative treatments from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingwen Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kamali AN, Bautista JM, Eisenhut M, Hamedifar H. Immune checkpoints and cancer immunotherapies: insights into newly potential receptors and ligands. Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother 2023; 11:25151355231192043. [PMID: 37662491 PMCID: PMC10469281 DOI: 10.1177/25151355231192043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint markers and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been increasingly identified and developed as potential immunotherapeutic targets in various human cancers. Despite valuable efforts to discover novel immune checkpoints and their ligands, the precise roles of their therapeutic functions, as well as the broad identification of their counterpart receptors, remain to be addressed. In this context, it has been suggested that various putative checkpoint receptors can be induced upon activation. In the tumor microenvironment, T cells, as crucial immune response against malignant diseases as well as other immune central effector cells, such as natural killer cells, are regulated via co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory signals from immune or tumor cells. Studies have shown that exposure of T cells to tumor antigens upregulates the expression of inhibitory checkpoint receptors, leading to T-cell dysfunction or exhaustion. Although targeting immune checkpoint regulators has shown relative clinical efficacy in some tumor types, most trials in the field of cancer immunotherapies have revealed unsatisfactory results due to de novo or adaptive resistance in cancer patients. To overcome these obstacles, combinational therapies with newly discovered inhibitory molecules or combined blockage of several checkpoints provide a rationale for further research. Moreover, precise identification of their receptors counterparts at crucial checkpoints is likely to promise effective therapies. In this review, we examine the prospects for the application of newly emerging checkpoints, such as T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3, lymphocyte activation gene-3, T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA), new B7 family proteins, and B- and T-cell lymphocyte attenuator, in association with immunotherapy of malignancies. In addition, their clinical and biological significance is discussed, including their expression in various human cancers, along with their roles in T-cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali N. Kamali
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Simin Dasht Industrial Area, Karaj, Iran
- CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz 3165933155, Iran
| | - José M. Bautista
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Eisenhut
- Department of Pediatrics, Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Luton, UK
| | - Haleh Hamedifar
- CinnaGen Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- CinnaGen Research and Production Co., Alborz, Iran
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Mertens RT, Gukathasan S, Arojojoye AS, Olelewe C, Awuah SG. Next Generation Gold Drugs and Probes: Chemistry and Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6612-6667. [PMID: 37071737 PMCID: PMC10317554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The gold drugs, gold sodium thiomalate (Myocrisin), aurothioglucose (Solganal), and the orally administered auranofin (Ridaura), are utilized in modern medicine for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis including rheumatoid and juvenile arthritis; however, new gold agents have been slow to enter the clinic. Repurposing of auranofin in different disease indications such as cancer, parasitic, and microbial infections in the clinic has provided impetus for the development of new gold complexes for biomedical applications based on unique mechanistic insights differentiated from auranofin. Various chemical methods for the preparation of physiologically stable gold complexes and associated mechanisms have been explored in biomedicine such as therapeutics or chemical probes. In this Review, we discuss the chemistry of next generation gold drugs, which encompasses oxidation states, geometry, ligands, coordination, and organometallic compounds for infectious diseases, cancer, inflammation, and as tools for chemical biology via gold-protein interactions. We will focus on the development of gold agents in biomedicine within the past decade. The Review provides readers with an accessible overview of the utility, development, and mechanism of action of gold-based small molecules to establish context and basis for the thriving resurgence of gold in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tyler Mertens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Sailajah Gukathasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Adedamola S Arojojoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Chibuzor Olelewe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Samuel G Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
- University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
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Baude J, Limagne E, Ladjohounlou R, Mirjolet C. Combining radiotherapy and NK cell-based therapies: The time has come. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 378:31-60. [PMID: 37438020 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that play an essential role in the anti-tumor response through immunosurveillance, multiple mechanisms of cytotoxicity and the synthesis of cytokines modulating the immune tumor microenvironment (TME). After the dramatic advances in immunotherapy targeting T cells including the success of checkpoint inhibitors or autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T cells in clinical practice, NK cells have gained growing interest for the development of new therapies. Although NK cells have shown promising responses in leukemia patients, the effects of NK-targeted therapies are currently limited in the treatment of solid tumors. Thus, radiotherapy could provide a valuable solution to improve treatments targeting NK cells. Indeed, ionizing radiations represent a powerful immuno-modulator that can either induce a pro-inflammatory and anti-tumor TME, or conversely lead to immunosuppression of effector immune cells in favor of tumor growth and therapeutic escape, depending on how it is delivered and tumor models. However, the effects of ionizing radiation on NK cells are only partially understood. Therefore, we review the effects of radiotherapy on the NK cell-mediated anti-tumor response, and propose potential strategies to reinvigorate NK cells by combining radiotherapy with NK cell-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Baude
- Radiation Oncology Department, Preclinical Radiation Therapy and Radiobiology Unit, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Unicancer, Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- TIReCS Team, UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France; Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Dijon, France; University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Riad Ladjohounlou
- Radiation Oncology Department, Preclinical Radiation Therapy and Radiobiology Unit, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Unicancer, Dijon, France; TIReCS Team, UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Mirjolet
- Radiation Oncology Department, Preclinical Radiation Therapy and Radiobiology Unit, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Unicancer, Dijon, France; TIReCS Team, UMR INSERM 1231, Dijon, France.
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Troschke-Meurer S, Zumpe M, Meißner L, Siebert N, Grabarczyk P, Forkel H, Maletzki C, Bekeschus S, Lode HN. Chemotherapeutics Used for High-Risk Neuroblastoma Therapy Improve the Efficacy of Anti-GD2 Antibody Dinutuximab Beta in Preclinical Spheroid Models. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030904. [PMID: 36765861 PMCID: PMC9913527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-disialoganglioside GD2 antibody ch14.18/CHO (dinutuximab beta, DB) improved the outcome of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) in the maintenance phase. We investigated chemotherapeutic compounds used in newly diagnosed patients in combination with DB. Vincristine, etoposide, carboplatin, cisplatin, and cyclophosphamide, as well as DB, were used at concentrations achieved in pediatric clinical trials. The effects on stress ligand and checkpoint expression by neuroblastoma cells and on activation receptors of NK cells were determined by using flow cytometry. NK-cell activity was measured with a CD107a/IFN-γ assay. Long-term cytotoxicity was analyzed in three spheroid models derived from GD2-positive neuroblastoma cell lines (LAN-1, CHLA 20, and CHLA 136) expressing a fluorescent near-infrared protein. Chemotherapeutics combined with DB in the presence of immune cells improved cytotoxic efficacy up to 17-fold compared to in the controls, and the effect was GD2-specific. The activating stress and inhibitory checkpoint ligands on neuroblastoma cells were upregulated by the chemotherapeutics up to 9- and 5-fold, respectively, and activation receptors on NK cells were not affected. The CD107a/IFN-γ assay revealed no additional activation of NK cells by the chemotherapeutics. The synergistic effect of DB with chemotherapeutics seems primarily attributed to the combined toxicity of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and chemotherapy, which supports further clinical evaluation in frontline induction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Troschke-Meurer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maxi Zumpe
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lena Meißner
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nikolai Siebert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hannes Forkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Claudia Maletzki
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Holger N. Lode
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch Strasse 1, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3834-86-6300; Fax: +49-3834-86-6410
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10
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Anang V, Singh A, Kottarath SK, Verma C. Receptors of immune cells mediates recognition for tumors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 194:219-267. [PMID: 36631194 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the immune system has been steered toward eradication of cancer cells with the help of cancer immunotherapy. T cells, B cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, T-reg cells, and natural killer (NK) cells are some of the numerous immune cell types that play a significant part in cancer cell detection and reduction of inflammation, and the antitumor response. Briefly stated, chimeric antigen receptors, adoptive transfer and immune checkpoint modulators are currently the subjects of research focus for successful immunotherapy-based treatments for a variety of cancers. This chapter discusses ongoing investigations on the mechanisms and recent developments by which receptors of immune cells especially that of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages regulate the detection of immune system leading to malignancies. We will also be looking into the treatment strategies based on these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Anang
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sarat Kumar Kottarath
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Huston, TX, United States.
| | - Chaitenya Verma
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
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Zhang W, Auguste A, Liao X, Walterskirchen C, Bauer K, Lin YH, Yang L, Sayedian F, Fabits M, Bergmann M, Binder C, Corrales L, Vogt AB, Hudson LJ, Barnes MP, Bisht A, Giragossian C, Voynov V, Adam PJ, Hipp S. A Novel B7-H6-Targeted IgG-Like T Cell-Engaging Antibody for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:5190-5201. [PMID: 36166004 PMCID: PMC9713360 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced-stage gastrointestinal cancers represent a high unmet need requiring new effective therapies. We investigated the antitumor activity of a novel T cell-engaging antibody (B7-H6/CD3 ITE) targeting B7-H6, a tumor-associated antigen that is expressed in gastrointestinal tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Membrane proteomics and IHC analysis identified B7-H6 as a tumor-associated antigen in gastrointestinal tumor tissues with no to very little expression in normal tissues. The antitumor activity and mode of action of B7-H6/CD3 ITE was evaluated in in vitro coculture assays, in humanized mouse tumor models, and in colorectal cancer precision cut tumor slice cultures. RESULTS B7-H6 expression was detected in 98% of colorectal cancer, 77% of gastric cancer, and 63% of pancreatic cancer tissue samples. B7-H6/CD3 ITE-mediated redirection of T cells toward B7-H6-positive tumor cells resulted in B7-H6-dependent lysis of tumor cells, activation and proliferation of T cells, and cytokine secretion in in vitro coculture assays, and infiltration of T cells into tumor tissues associated with tumor regression in in vivo colorectal cancer models. In primary patient-derived colorectal cancer precision-cut tumor slice cultures, treatment with B7-H6/CD3 ITE elicited cytokine secretion by endogenous tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Combination with anti-PD-1 further enhanced the activity of the B7-H6/CD3 ITE. CONCLUSION These data highlight the potential of the B7-H6/CD3 ITE to induce T cell-redirected lysis of tumor cells and recruitment of T cells into noninflamed tumor tissues, leading to antitumor activity in in vitro, in vivo, and human tumor slice cultures, which supports further evaluation in a clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Aurélie Auguste
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, GmbH & Co KG, Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Xiaoyun Liao
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Oncology Translational Science, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | | | - Kathrin Bauer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yu-Hsi Lin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Ling Yang
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | | | - Markus Fabits
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Visceral Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Visceral Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carina Binder
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leticia Corrales
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne B. Vogt
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Arnima Bisht
- Oxford BioTherapeutics, Inc., San Jose, California
| | - Craig Giragossian
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Biotherapeutics Discovery, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Vladimir Voynov
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Biotherapeutics Discovery, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Paul J. Adam
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV, GmbH & Co KG., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Hipp
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cancer Immunology & Immune Modulation, Ridgefield, Connecticut.,Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Ridgefield, Connecticut.,Corresponding Author: Susanne Hipp, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368. Phone: 203-798-4567; E-mail:
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12
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Fabian KP, Kowalczyk JT, Reynolds ST, Hodge JW. Dying of Stress: Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Small-Molecule Inhibitors in Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunogenic Modulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233826. [PMID: 36497086 PMCID: PMC9737874 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovative strategies to re-establish the immune-mediated destruction of malignant cells is paramount to the success of anti-cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that radiotherapy and select chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule inhibitors induce immunogenic cell stress on tumors that results in improved immune recognition and targeting of the malignant cells. Through immunogenic cell death, which entails the release of antigens and danger signals, and immunogenic modulation, wherein the phenotype of stressed cells is altered to become more susceptible to immune attack, radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and small-molecule inhibitors exert immune-mediated anti-tumor responses. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of immunogenic cell death and immunogenic modulation and their relevance in the anti-tumor activity of radiotherapies, chemotherapies, and small-molecule inhibitors. Our aim is to feature the immunological aspects of conventional and targeted cancer therapies and highlight how these therapies may be compatible with emerging immunotherapy approaches.
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13
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Liu P, Ye M, Wu Y, Wu L, Lan K, Wu Z. Hyperthermia combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: Synergistic sensitization and clinical outcomes. Cancer Med 2022; 12:3201-3221. [PMID: 35908281 PMCID: PMC9939221 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the field of oncotherapy, research interest regarding immunotherapy has risen to the point that it is now seen as a key application. However, inherent disadvantages of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as their low response rates and immune-related adverse events (irAEs), currently restrict their clinical application. Were these disadvantages to be overcome, more patients could derive prolonged benefits from ICIs. At present, many basic experiments and clinical studies using hyperthermia combined with ICI treatment (HIT) have been performed and shown the potential to address the above challenges. Therefore, this review extensively summarizes the knowledge and progress of HIT for analysis and discusses the effect and feasibility. METHODS In this review, we explored the PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov databases, with regard to the searching terms "immune checkpoint inhibitor, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, ablation, photothermal therapy". RESULTS By reviewing the literature, we analyzed how hyperthermia influences tumor immunology and improves the efficacy of ICI. Hyperthermia can trigger a series of multifactorial molecular cascade reactions between tumors and immunization and can significantly induce cytological modifications within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The pharmacological potency of ICIs can be enhanced greatly through the immunomodulatory amelioration of immunosuppression, and the activation of immunostimulation. Emerging clinical trials outcome regarding HIT have verified and enriched the theoretical foundation of synergistic sensitization. CONCLUSION HIT research is now starting to transition from preclinical studies to clinical investigations. Several HIT sensitization mechanisms have been reflected and demonstrated as significant survival benefits for patients through pioneering clinical trials. Further studies into the theoretical basis and practical standards of HIT, combined with larger-scale clinical studies involving more cancer types, will be necessary for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Liu
- Oncology & Radiotherapy DepartmentZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina,Second Clinical Medical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mengna Ye
- Second Clinical Medical CollegeZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of TCM PharmacyZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Lichao Wu
- College of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Kaiping Lan
- Oncology Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineTonglu Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zhibing Wu
- Oncology & Radiotherapy DepartmentZhejiang HospitalHangzhouChina
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14
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Joshi S, Sharabi A. Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells to enhance natural killer cell-based immunotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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15
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Medjouel Khlifi H, Guia S, Vivier E, Narni-Mancinelli E. Role of the ITAM-Bearing Receptors Expressed by Natural Killer Cells in Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:898745. [PMID: 35757695 PMCID: PMC9231431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) capable of recognizing and directly killing tumor cells. They also secrete cytokines and chemokines, which participate in the shaping of the adaptive response. NK cells identify tumor cells and are activated through a net positive signal from inhibitory and activating receptors. Several activating NK cell receptors are coupled to adaptor molecules containing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). These receptors include CD16 and the natural cytotoxic receptors NKp46, NKp44, NKp30 in humans. The powerful antitumor NK cell response triggered by these activating receptors has made them attractive targets for exploitation in immunotherapy. In this review, we will discuss the different activating receptors associated with ITAM-bearing cell surface receptors expressed on NK cells, their modulations in the tumor context and the various therapeutic tools developed to boost NK cell responses in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakim Medjouel Khlifi
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Guia
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France.,Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille-Immunopôle, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Narni-Mancinelli
- Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Marseille, France
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16
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Mohammadi A, Najafi S, Amini M, Mansoori B, Baghbanzadeh A, Hoheisel JD, Baradaran B. The potential of B7-H6 as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy. Life Sci 2022; 304:120709. [PMID: 35697295 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are vital molecules that regulate T-cell function by activation or inhibition. Among the immune checkpoint molecules, the B7-family proteins are significantly involved in the immune escape of tumor cells. By binding to inhibitory receptors, they can suppress T-cell-mediated immunity. B7-family proteins are found at various stages of tumor microenvironment formation and promote tumorigenesis and tumor progression. B7-H6 (encoded by gene NCR3LG1) is a prominent member of the family. It has unique immunogenic properties and is involved in natural killer (NK) cell immunosurveillance by binding to the NKp30 receptor. High B7-H6 expression in certain tumor types and shortage of or low expression in healthy cells - except in cases of inflammatory or microbial stimulation - have made the protein an attractive target of research activities in recent years. The avoidance of NK-mediated B7-H6 detection is a mechanism through which tumor cells escape immune surveillance. The stimulation of tumorigenesis occurs by suppressing caspase cascade initiation and anti-apoptosis activity stimulation via the STAT3 pathway. The B7-H6-NKp30 complex on the tumor membrane activates the NK cells and releases both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). B7-H6 is highly expressed in a wide range of tumor cells, including glioma, hematologic malignant tumors, and breast cancer cells. Clinical examination of cancer patients indicated that the expression of B7-H6 is related to distant metastasis status and permits postoperative prognosis. Because of its unique properties, B7-H6 has a high potential be utilized as a biological marker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a target for novel treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaleh Mohammadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Kaplon H. Translational Learnings in the Development of Chemo-Immunotherapy Combination to Bypass the Cold Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:835502. [PMID: 35664786 PMCID: PMC9159762 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.835502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal cancers, with a 5-year relative survival rate of 5%. The desmoplastic stroma found in the tumor microenvironment of PDAC is suggested to be partly responsible for the resistance to most therapeutic strategies. This review outlines the clinical results obtained with an immune checkpoint inhibitor in PDAC and discusses the rationale to use a combination of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint therapy. Moreover, essential parameters to take into account in designing an efficient combination have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Kaplon
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Translational Medicine Department, Servier, Suresnes, France
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18
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Jones AB, Rocco A, Lamb LS, Friedman GK, Hjelmeland AB. Regulation of NKG2D Stress Ligands and Its Relevance in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2339. [PMID: 35565467 PMCID: PMC9105350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Under cellular distress, multiple facets of normal homeostatic signaling are altered or disrupted. In the context of the immune landscape, external and internal stressors normally promote the expression of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands that allow for the targeted recognition and killing of cells by NKG2D receptor-bearing effector populations. The presence or absence of NKG2D ligands can heavily influence disease progression and impact the accessibility of immunotherapy options. In cancer, tumor cells are known to have distinct regulatory mechanisms for NKG2D ligands that are directly associated with tumor progression and maintenance. Therefore, understanding the regulation of NKG2D ligands in cancer will allow for targeted therapeutic endeavors aimed at exploiting the stress response pathway. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of regulatory mechanisms controlling the induction and repression of NKG2D ligands in cancer. Additionally, we highlight current therapeutic endeavors targeting NKG2D ligand expression and offer our perspective on considerations to further enhance the field of NKG2D ligand biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber B. Jones
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Abbey Rocco
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (A.R.); (G.K.F.)
| | | | - Gregory K. Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (A.R.); (G.K.F.)
| | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
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19
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Mylod E, McKenna E, Davern M, Barr MP, Donlon NE, Bibby BAS, Bhardwaj A, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, Maher SG, Conroy MJ. Investigating the susceptibility of treatment-resistant oesophageal tumours to natural killer cell-mediated responses. Clin Exp Med 2022; 23:411-425. [PMID: 35364779 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The majority of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) patients do not respond to multimodal treatment regimens and face dismal survival rates. Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial anti-tumour immune cells, and this study investigated the susceptibility of treatment-resistant OAC cells to these potent tumour killers. Natural killer receptor (NKR) ligand expression by OE33CisP (cisplatin-sensitive) and OE33CisR (cisplatin-resistant) cells was investigated. The immunomodulatory effects of OE33CisP and OE33CisR cells on NK cell phenotype and function were assessed. Finally, the impact of chemotherapy regimens on NKR ligand shedding was examined. Our data revealed significantly less surface expression of activating ligands B7-H6, MICA/B, ULBP-3 and activating/inhibitory ligands PVRL-1 and PVRL-4 by OE33CisR cells, compared to OE33CisP cells. Co-culture with OE33CisR cells reduced the frequencies of NKp30+ and NKp46+ NK cells and increased frequencies of TIGIT+, FasL+ and TRAIL+ NK cells. Frequencies of IFN-γ-producing NK cells increased while frequencies of TIM-3+ NK cells decreased after culture with OE33CisP and OE33CisR cells. Frequencies of circulating NKp30+ NK cells were significantly lower in OAC patients with the poorest treatment response and in patients who received FLOT chemotherapy, while B7-H6 shedding by OAC tumour cells was induced by FLOT. Overall, OE33CisR cells express less activating NKR ligands than OE33CisP cells and have differential effects on NKR expression by NK cells. However, neither cell line significantly dampened NK cell cytokine production, death receptor expression or degranulation. In addition, our data indicate that FLOT chemotherapy may promote B7-H6 shedding and immune evasion with detrimental consequences in OAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eimear Mylod
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Ellen McKenna
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Maria Davern
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Martin P Barr
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Noel E Donlon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Becky A S Bibby
- Translational Radiobiology Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Anshul Bhardwaj
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
- National Oesophageal and Gastric Centre, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Stephen G Maher
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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20
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Tuomela K, Mukherjee D, Ambrose AR, Harikrishnan A, Mole H, Hurlstone A, Önfelt B, Honeychurch J, Davis DM. Radiotherapy transiently reduces the sensitivity of cancer cells to lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2111900119. [PMID: 35042775 PMCID: PMC8785960 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111900119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of radiotherapy on the interaction between immune cells and cancer cells is important not least because radiotherapy can be used alongside immunotherapy as a cancer treatment. Unexpectedly, we found that X-ray irradiation of cancer cells induced significant resistance to natural killer (NK) cell killing. This was true across a wide variety of cancer-cell types as well as for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Resistance appeared 72 h postirradiation and persisted for 2 wk. Resistance could also occur independently of radiotherapy through pharmacologically induced cell-cycle arrest. Crucially, multiple steps in NK-cell engagement, synapse assembly, and activation were unaffected by target cell irradiation. Instead, radiotherapy caused profound resistance to perforin-induced calcium flux and lysis. Resistance also occurred to a structurally similar bacterial toxin, streptolysin O. Radiotherapy did not affect the binding of pore-forming proteins at the cell surface or membrane repair. Rather, irradiation instigated a defect in functional pore formation, consistent with phosphatidylserine-mediated perforin inhibition. In vivo, radiotherapy also led to a significant reduction in NK cell-mediated clearance of cancer cells. Radiotherapy-induced resistance to perforin also constrained chimeric antigen receptor T-cell cytotoxicity. Together, these data establish a treatment-induced resistance to lymphocyte cytotoxicity that is important to consider in the design of radiotherapy-immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoliina Tuomela
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Debayan Mukherjee
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley R Ambrose
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Ashish Harikrishnan
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Mole
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Hurlstone
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Önfelt
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan Royal Institute of Technology, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jamie Honeychurch
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel M Davis
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, United Kingdom;
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21
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Garofalo C, De Marco C, Cristiani CM. NK Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment as New Potential Players Mediating Chemotherapy Effects in Metastatic Melanoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:754541. [PMID: 34712615 PMCID: PMC8547654 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.754541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Until the last decade, chemotherapy was the standard treatment for metastatic cutaneous melanoma, even with poor results. The introduction of immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) radically changed the outcome, increasing 5-year survival from 5% to 60%. However, there is still a large portion of unresponsive patients that would need further therapies. NK cells are skin-resident innate cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize and kill virus-infected as well as cancer cells thanks to a balance between inhibitory and activating signals delivered by surface molecules expressed by the target. Since NK cells are equipped with cytotoxic machinery but lack of antigen restriction and needing to be primed, they are nowadays gaining attention as an alternative to T cells to be exploited in immunotherapy. However, their usage suffers of the same limitations reported for T cells, that is the loss of immunogenicity by target cells and the difficulty to penetrate and be activated in the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Several evidence showed that chemotherapy used in metastatic melanoma therapy possess immunomodulatory properties that may restore NK cells functions within TME. Here, we will discuss the capability of such chemotherapeutics to: i) up-regulate melanoma cells susceptibility to NK cell-mediated killing, ii) promote NK cells infiltration within TME, iii) target other immune cell subsets that affect NK cells activities. Alongside traditional systemic melanoma chemotherapy, a new pharmacological strategy based on nanocarriers loaded with chemotherapeutics is developing. The use of nanotechnologies represents a very promising approach to improve drug tolerability and effectiveness thanks to the targeted delivery of the therapeutic molecules. Here, we will also discuss the recent developments in using nanocarriers to deliver anti-cancer drugs within the melanoma microenvironment in order to improve chemotherapeutics effects. Overall, we highlight the possibility to use standard chemotherapeutics, possibly delivered by nanosystems, to enhance NK cells anti-tumor cytotoxicity. Combined with immunotherapies targeting NK cells, this may represent a valuable alternative approach to treat those patients that do not respond to current ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Garofalo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Costanza Maria Cristiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Bolandi N, Derakhshani A, Hemmat N, Baghbanzadeh A, Asadzadeh Z, Afrashteh Nour M, Brunetti O, Bernardini R, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The Positive and Negative Immunoregulatory Role of B7 Family: Promising Novel Targets in Gastric Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910719. [PMID: 34639059 PMCID: PMC8509619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), with a heterogeneous nature, is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Over the past few decades, stable reductions in the incidence of GC have been observed. However, due to the poor response to common treatments and late diagnosis, this cancer is still considered one of the lethal cancers. Emerging methods such as immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the landscape of treatment for GC patients. There are presently eleven known members of the B7 family as immune checkpoint molecules: B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), B7-H1 (PD-L1, CD274), B7-DC (PDCD1LG2, PD-L2, CD273), B7-H2 (B7RP1, ICOS-L, CD275), B7-H3 (CD276), B7-H4 (B7x, B7S1, Vtcn1), B7-H5 (VISTA, Gi24, DD1α, Dies1 SISP1), B7-H6 (NCR3LG1), B7-H7 (HHLA2), and Ig-like domain-containing receptor 2 (ILDR2). Interaction of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands with the corresponding receptors resulted in the induction and inhibition of T cell responses by sending co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals, respectively. Manipulation of the signals provided by the B7 family has significant potential in the management of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bolandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 571478334, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nima Hemmat
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Mina Afrashteh Nour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 571478334, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit—IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit—IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +98-413-3371440 (B.B.); Fax: +98-413-3371311 (B.B.)
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +98-413-3371440 (B.B.); Fax: +98-413-3371311 (B.B.)
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Zhou L, Liu H, Liu K, Wei S. Gold Compounds and the Anticancer Immune Response. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:739481. [PMID: 34588987 PMCID: PMC8473785 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.739481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold compounds are not only well-explored for cytotoxic effects on tumors, but are also known to interact with the cancer immune system. The immune system deploys innate and adaptive mechanisms to protect against pathogens and prevent malignant transformation. The combined action of gold compounds with the activated immune system has shown promising results in cancer therapy through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Gold compounds are known to induce innate immune responses; however, these responses may contribute to adaptive immune responses. Gold compounds play the role of a major hapten that acts synergistically in innate immunity. Gold compounds support cancer cell antigenicity and promote anti-tumor immune response by inducing the release of CRT, ATP, HMGB1, HSP, and NKG2D to enhance immunogenicity. Gold compounds affect various immune cells (including suppressor regulatory T cells), inhibit myeloid derived suppressor cells, and enhance the function and number of dendritic cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have potential for improving the effect of immunotherapy and reducing the toxicity and side effects of the treatment process. Thus, AuNPs provide an ideal opportunity for exploring the combination of anticancer gold compounds and immunotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kui Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Guo R, Liu G, Li C, Liu X, Xu Y, Yang W, Wang F. B7 homolog 6 promotes the progression of cervical cancer. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:774. [PMID: 34055073 PMCID: PMC8145428 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
B7 homolog 6 (B7-H6) was recently discovered to act as a co-stimulatory molecule. In particular, the expression of B7-H6 has been found to play an important biological role in several types of tumors. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of B7-H6 in cervical cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression levels of B7-H6 in cervical precancerous and cancerous tissues. Furthermore, the expression of B7-H6 was knocked down in HeLa cells using short hairpin RNA and the effects of B7-H6 on HeLa cell proliferation, migration and invasion were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. In addition, flow cytometry was used to analyze the levels of cell apoptosis and the cell cycle distribution. The results of the immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression levels of B7-H6 were upregulated in cervical lesions. Furthermore, the expression levels of B7-H6 were positively associated with the clinical stage of the cervical lesions. B7-H6 knockdown suppressed the invasive, migratory and proliferative abilities of HeLa cells, and promoted G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that B7-H6 may serve as a novel oncogene and may hold promise as a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Guo
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300053, P.R. China
| | - Changying Li
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Yanying Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Weina Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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25
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Zalfa C, Paust S. Natural Killer Cell Interactions With Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment and Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633205. [PMID: 34025641 PMCID: PMC8133367 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and heterogeneous environment composed of cancer cells, tumor stroma, a mixture of tissue-resident and infiltrating immune cells, secreted factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in fighting tumors, but chronic stimulation and immunosuppression in the TME lead to NK cell exhaustion and limited antitumor functions. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid cells with potent immunosuppressive activity that gradually accumulate in tumor tissues. MDSCs interact with innate and adaptive immune cells and play a crucial role in negatively regulating the immune response to tumors. This review discusses MDSC-mediated NK cell regulation within the TME, focusing on critical cellular and molecular interactions. We review current strategies that target MDSC-mediated immunosuppression to enhance NK cell cytotoxic antitumor activity. We also speculate on how NK cell-based antitumor immunotherapy could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silke Paust
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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26
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Zhang W, Qiu Y, Xie X, Fu Y, Wang L, Cai Z. B7 Family Members in Lymphoma: Promising Novel Targets for Tumor Immunotherapy? Front Oncol 2021; 11:647526. [PMID: 33869045 PMCID: PMC8044412 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.647526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a vital role in the immune responses against tumors. Costimulatory or coinhibitory molecules regulate T cell activation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have shown remarkable benefits in patients with various tumor, but few patients have displayed significant immune responses against tumors after PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and many have been completely unresponsive. Thus, researchers must explore novel immune checkpoints that trigger durable antitumor responses and improve clinical outcomes. In this regard, other B7 family checkpoint molecules have been identified, namely PD-L2, B7-H2, B7-H3, B7-H4 and B7-H6. The aim of the present article was to address the expression, clinical significance and roles of B7 family molecules in lymphoma, as well as in T and NK cell-mediated tumor immunity. B7 family checkpoints may offer novel and immunotherapeutic strategies for patients with lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.,Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Baragaño Raneros A, Rodriguez RM, Bernardo Flórez A, Palomo P, Colado E, Minguela A, Suárez Álvarez B, López-Larrea C. Bromodomain protein BRD4 is an epigenetic activator of B7-H6 expression in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1897294. [PMID: 33796404 PMCID: PMC8007156 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1897294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
B7-H6, a ligand for the NK activating receptor NKp30, has been identified as a biomarker of poor prognosis in several solid cancers. However, little is known about the role of B7-H6 and the mechanisms that control its expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Epigenome modulation, including epigenomic reader dysregulation, is one of the hallmarks of AML. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), the best-known member of the BET family of epigenetic readers, is overexpressed in AML cells and regulates the transcription of genes involved in the pathogenesis of AML, as MYC oncogene. Here, we analyze the role of BRD4 in regulating B7-H6 in AML cells. Results demonstrated that the specific inhibition of BRD4 drastically reduces the expression of B7-H6 in AML cells. Histone acetylation mediated by CBP30/P300 facilitates the binding of BRD4 to the B7-H6 promoter, which recruits the P-TEFb elongation factor that phosphorylates RNA polymerase II, thereby activating B7-H6 transcription. BRD4 also co-bounded with JMJD6 at the distal enhancer of the B7-H6 gene. Metabolic modulation with metformin modifies the acetylation pattern in the B7-H6 promoter, impairing BRD4 binding, thereby inhibiting B7-H6 expression. B7-H6 knockdown induces the apoptosis in HEL-R cell line. Moreover, a high level of B7-H6 expression in AML patients is related to increased BRD4 levels, myelodysplastic-derived AML, and del5q, the two latter being associated with poor prognosis. Our data show that BRD4 is a positive regulator of the pro-tumorigenic molecule B7-H6 and that the blockage of the B7-H6 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroa Baragaño Raneros
- Translation Immunology Laboratory, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Del Principado De Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramon M Rodriguez
- Translation Immunology Laboratory, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Del Principado De Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aida Bernardo Flórez
- Translation Immunology Laboratory, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Del Principado De Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pilar Palomo
- Translation Immunology Laboratory, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Del Principado De Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enrique Colado
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano De Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen De La Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Suárez Álvarez
- Translation Immunology Laboratory, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Del Principado De Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Translation Immunology Laboratory, Instituto De Investigación Biosanitaria Del Principado De Asturias-ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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28
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Toffoli EC, Sheikhi A, Höppner YD, de Kok P, Yazdanpanah-Samani M, Spanholtz J, Verheul HMW, van der Vliet HJ, de Gruijl TD. Natural Killer Cells and Anti-Cancer Therapies: Reciprocal Effects on Immune Function and Therapeutic Response. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040711. [PMID: 33572396 PMCID: PMC7916216 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play an important role in the immune response against cancer. Their activity is controlled by a balance of inhibitory and activating receptors, which in cancer can be skewed to favor their suppression in support of immune escape. It is therefore imperative to find ways to optimize their antitumor functionality. In this review, we explore and discuss how their activity influences, or even mediates, the efficacy of various anti-cancer therapies and, vice versa, how their activity can be affected by these therapies. Knowledge of the mechanisms underlying these observations could provide rationales for combining anti-cancer treatments with strategies enhancing NK cell function in order to improve their therapeutic efficacy. Abstract Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells with the unique ability to recognize and kill virus-infected and cancer cells without prior immune sensitization. Due to their expression of the Fc receptor CD16, effector NK cells can kill tumor cells through antibody-dependent cytotoxicity, making them relevant players in antibody-based cancer therapies. The role of NK cells in other approved and experimental anti-cancer therapies is more elusive. Here, we review the possible role of NK cells in the efficacy of various anti-tumor therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, as well as the impact of these therapies on NK cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa C. Toffoli
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.C.T.); (A.S.); (Y.D.H.); (P.d.K.); (H.J.v.d.V.)
| | - Abdolkarim Sheikhi
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.C.T.); (A.S.); (Y.D.H.); (P.d.K.); (H.J.v.d.V.)
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful 64616-43993, Iran
| | - Yannick D. Höppner
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.C.T.); (A.S.); (Y.D.H.); (P.d.K.); (H.J.v.d.V.)
| | - Pita de Kok
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.C.T.); (A.S.); (Y.D.H.); (P.d.K.); (H.J.v.d.V.)
| | - Mahsa Yazdanpanah-Samani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran;
| | - Jan Spanholtz
- Glycostem, Kloosterstraat 9, 5349 AB Oss, The Netherlands;
| | - Henk M. W. Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans J. van der Vliet
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.C.T.); (A.S.); (Y.D.H.); (P.d.K.); (H.J.v.d.V.)
- Lava Therapeutics, Yalelaan 60, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D. de Gruijl
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.C.T.); (A.S.); (Y.D.H.); (P.d.K.); (H.J.v.d.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-20-4444063
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Yuan L, Sun L, Yang S, Chen X, Wang J, Jing H, Zhao Y, Ke X. B7-H6 is a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:328. [PMID: 33708955 PMCID: PMC7944329 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background B7-H6 is a novel co-stimulatory protein exclusively expressed on a variety of cancer cells and associated with poor prognosis. T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a highly aggressive hematological malignancy whose treatment requires reliable prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the rare nature and delayed progression of T-LBL have limited its clinical management. Methods The expression of B7-H6 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 65 T-LBL samples; the association with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was also investigated. B7-H6-depleted Jurkat cells were also generated to investigate the effect of B7-H6 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. RNA sequencing was used to explore differentially expressed genes. Results B7-H6 was expressed in 61.5% (40/65) of T-LBL patients; of note, 38.5% (25/65) of patients showed membrane/cytoplasmic expression of B7-H6. Although the expression of B7-H6 varied across samples and did not correlate with patient survival, it was significantly associated with B symptoms, high ECOG scores (3 to 4), elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase level, and reduced complete remission at interim evaluation. B7-H6 underwent translocation into the nucleus of T-LBL cells, showing a specific nuclear localization sequence in the C-terminus. Moreover, the depletion of B7-H6 in Jurkat cells impaired cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. RNAseq showed the differential expression of RAG-1, which may be involved in the tumorigenesis of T-LBL. Conclusions B7-H6 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of T-LBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yuan
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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30
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Cao G, Cheng Y, Zheng X, Wei H, Tian Z, Sun R, Sun H. All-trans retinoic acid induces leukemia resistance to NK cell cytotoxicity by down-regulating B7-H6 expression via c-Myc signaling. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:51-61. [PMID: 34236140 PMCID: PMC7819554 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between activating receptor NKp30 and its major tumor ligand B7-H6 is important for NK cell-mediated tumor rejection. However, the regulation of B7-H6 by tumor therapeutics remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the regulation of B7-H6 by all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a terminal differentiation inducer of tumor cells that is extensively used for clinical leukemia therapy. METHODS We investigated the role of NKp30:B7-H6 axis in NK cell-mediated tumor lysis against leukemia cells and the influence of atRA treatment on the cytotoxicity of NK cells using NK cell lines (NK92 and NKG) and leukemia cell lines (U-937 and THP-1). We evaluated the effect of atRA treatment on the expression of B7-H6 using real-time PCR, flow cytometry and western blotting. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockdown B7-H6 expression and siRNA to knockdown c-Myc in U-937 cells to evaluate the role of B7-H6 and c-Myc in atRA-induced tumor resistance against NK cells. RESULTS NK cell-mediated U-937 cell lysis was mainly dependent on NKp30/B7-H6 interaction. Blockade of B7-H6 by monoclonal antibody significantly impaired NK cytotoxicity. atRA treatment induced U-937 resistance to NK cell cytotoxicity by reducing B7-H6 expression, and showed no effect on NK cytotoxicity against B7-H6 knockdown U-937 cells. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone deacetylase (HDAC), were not responsible for atRA-mediated B7-H6 down-regulation as inhibitors of these pathways could not restore B7-H6 mRNA expression. On the other hand, atRA treatment reduced c-Myc expression, which in turn inhibited the transcription of B7-H6 on leukemia cells. CONCLUSION atRA treatment promotes tumor cell resistance against NK cell-mediated lysis by down-regulating B7-H6 expression via the c-Myc signaling pathway, suggesting that more attention needs to be paid to the immunological adverse effects in the clinical use of atRA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuai Cao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Research Unit of Natural Killer Cell StudyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100864P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027P. R. China
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31
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Qiu H, Gao S, Sun Z, Wang J. Dual role of B7-H6 as a novel prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma. APMIS 2020; 129:105-117. [PMID: 33220098 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
B7 homolog 6 (B7-H6), a new member of the B7 family, is identified as an activating ligand for cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 (NKp30) expressing on natural killer cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of B7-H6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated B7-H6 expression by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 90 HCC tumors with clinical follow-up, the potential relationship between the B7-H6 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of HCC patients was also analyzed. Stable B7-H6 knockdown in hepatoma cell line was established to explore the function and mechanism of B7-H6 in HCC. This study showed that high expression of B7-H6 was significantly associated with smaller tumor size, single tumor number in HCC, but no significant association was found between B7-H6 overexpression and other clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high expression of B7-H6 was significantly correlated with better survival of HCC patients. Knockdown of B7-H6 inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. However, it also impaired the sensitivity of tumor cells to NK-mediated lysis together with significantly decreased degranulation and IFN-γ release of NK cells. These results indicated that B7-H6 has a dual role in HCC. It could be an independent indicator for better survival of HCC and maybe a potential target for future cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shangshang Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziling Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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32
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Pekar L, Klausz K, Busch M, Valldorf B, Kolmar H, Wesch D, Oberg HH, Krohn S, Boje AS, Gehlert CL, Toleikis L, Krah S, Gupta T, Rabinovich B, Zielonka S, Peipp M. Affinity Maturation of B7-H6 Translates into Enhanced NK Cell-Mediated Tumor Cell Lysis and Improved Proinflammatory Cytokine Release of Bispecific Immunoligands via NKp30 Engagement. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 206:225-236. [PMID: 33268483 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Activating NK cell receptors represent promising target structures to elicit potent antitumor immune responses. In this study, novel immunoligands were generated that bridge the activating NK cell receptor NKp30 on NK cells with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on tumor cells in a bispecific IgG-like format based on affinity-optimized versions of B7-H6 and the Fab arm derived from cetuximab. To enhance NKp30 binding, the solitary N-terminal IgV domain of B7-H6 (ΔB7-H6) was affinity matured by an evolutionary library approach combined with yeast surface display. Biochemical and functional characterization of 36 of these novel ΔB7-H6-derived NK cell engagers revealed an up to 45-fold-enhanced affinity for NKp30 and significantly improved NK cell-mediated, EGFR-dependent killing of tumor cells compared with the NK cell engager based on the wild-type ΔB7-H6 domain. In this regard, potencies (EC50 killing) of the best immunoligands were substantially improved by up to 87-fold. Moreover, release of IFN-γ and TNF-α was significantly increased. Importantly, equipment of the ΔB7-H6-based NK cell engagers with a human IgG1 Fc part competent in Fc receptor binding resulted in an almost 10-fold superior killing of EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells compared with molecules either triggering FcγRIIIa or NKp30. Additionally, INF-γ and TNF-α release was increased compared with molecules solely triggering FcγRIIIa, including the clinically approved Ab cetuximab. Thus, incorporating affinity-matured ligands for NK cell-activating receptors might represent an effective strategy for the generation of potent novel therapeutic agents with unique effector functions in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Pekar
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany.,Discovery Pharmacology, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Katja Klausz
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Busch
- Discovery Pharmacology, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Valldorf
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Development, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniela Wesch
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Hans-Heinrich Oberg
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Steffen Krohn
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ammelie Svea Boje
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Carina Lynn Gehlert
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lars Toleikis
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Krah
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tushar Gupta
- Department of Immuno-oncology, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute Inc., Billerica, MA 01821
| | - Brian Rabinovich
- Department of Immuno-oncology, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute Inc., Billerica, MA 01821
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany;
| | - Matthias Peipp
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany;
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33
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Pinheiro PF, Justino GC, Marques MM. NKp30 - A prospective target for new cancer immunotherapy strategies. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4563-4580. [PMID: 32737988 PMCID: PMC7520444 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are an important arm of the innate immune system. They constitutively express the NKp30 receptor. NKp30-mediated responses are triggered by the binding of specific ligands e.g. tumour cell-derived B7-H6 and involve the secretion of cytotoxic mediators including TNF-α, IFN-γ, perforins and granzymes. The latter two constitute a target cell-directed response that is critical in the process of immunosurveillance. The structure of NKp30 is presented, focusing on the ligand-binding site, on the ligand-induced structural changes and on the experimental data available correlating structure and binding affinity. The translation of NKp30 structural changes to disease progression is also reviewed. NKp30 role in immunotherapy has been explored in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. However, antibodies or small ligands targeting NKp30 have not yet been developed. The data reviewed herein unveil the key structural aspects that must be considered for drug design in order to develop novel immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro F. Pinheiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Gonçalo C. Justino
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - M. Matilde Marques
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
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34
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Liu C, Lai H, Chen T. Boosting Natural Killer Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy with Selenocystine/Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Inhibitor-Encapsulated Nanoemulsion. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11067-11082. [PMID: 32806028 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b10103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy represents a promising strategy to overcome the bottlenecks of cancer treatment. However, the therapeutic efficacy is greatly limited by downregulation of recognition ligands on the tumor cell surface, and the immunosuppressive effects can be thwarted by the tumor microenvironment such as secretion of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), which could stunt the NK cell-mediated immune response. To overcome these limitations, herein we developed a nanoemulsion system (SSB NMs) to co-deliver TGF-β inhibitor and selenocysteine (SeC) to achieve amplified anticancer efficacy. SSB NMs significantly enhanced the lytic potency of NK92 cells by 2.1-fold. Moreover, a subtoxic dose of SSB NMs effectively sensitized MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells to NK cells derived from seven clinical patients, resulting in an up to 13.8-fold increase in cancer lysis. Mechanistic studies reveal that the sensitizing effects relied on natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D)/NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) signaling with the involvement of DNA damage response. SSB NMs also effectively restrained TGF-β/TGF-β RI/Smad2/3 signaling, which thus enhanced NKG2DL expression on tumor cells and stimulated NKG2D surface expression on NK92 cells, ultimately contributing to the enhanced immune response. Furthermore, SSB NMs sustained release of SeC and TGF-β inhibitor and synergized with NK92 cells to induce significant anticancer effects in vivo. Together, this study not only demonstrates a simple strategy for the design of a nanoemulsion to co-deliver synergistic drugs but also sheds light on the application and action mechanisms in NK cell adaptive therapy against breast cancer, especially TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haoqiang Lai
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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35
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Lee Y, Shin H, Kim J. In vivo Anti-Cancer Effects of Resveratrol Mediated by NK Cell Activation. J Innate Immun 2020; 13:94-106. [PMID: 32937636 DOI: 10.1159/000510315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes that play an important role in anti-viral and anti-tumour immune responses. Several cancer immunotherapy approaches targeting NK cells are currently in clinical or preclinical development. Here, we aimed to find food nutrients that activate NK cells and determine their usefulness as candidates for anti-cancer and anti-metastatic drugs. Resveratrol appeared to activate NK cells most effectively among the substances tested and synergistically increased IFN-γ secretion and NK cell cytotoxicity with interleukin-2 (IL-2). CD107a, NKp30, and NKG2D expression levels were upregulated on the surface of NK cells upon treatment with resveratrol in combination with IL-2 compared with treatment with IL-2 alone. Moreover, NK cell activity in human and mouse whole blood was enhanced upon treatment with resveratrol. Most importantly, administration of resveratrol effectively inhibited tumour growth and metastasis in mice. In conclusion, we suggest that resveratrol may represent a candidate anti-cancer drug that acts by activating NK cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewook Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,
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36
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Gene expression analysis of activating and inhibitory receptors of natural killer cells in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Adv Med Sci 2020; 65:354-360. [PMID: 32592956 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes, which have long been known to play an essential role in immune surveillance of tumor cells. The results of several clinical studies imply evidence of impaired activity of NK cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). The aim of this study was to investigate the gene expression of activating and inhibitory receptors of NK cells in patients with newly diagnosed AML before and after induction therapy using 7 + 3 regimen in comparison to healthy donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen AML patients aged 16-64 years as well as 16 matched healthy individuals were studied. Peripheral blood samples from patients were obtained in two steps, namely, in newly diagnosed patients and 28 days after receiving induction therapy. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of activating receptors, including DNAM-1 and NKp46 as well as inhibitory receptors of KIR2DL1 and NKG2A. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the newly diagnosed patients showed over 50% decrease in NKp46 expression and a 6-fold increase in KIR2DL1 expression compared to healthy controls. The mRNA expression analysis in patients after induction therapy suggested a significant decrease in mRNA expressions of KIR2DL1 and NKG2A in comparison to newly diagnosed patients. CONCLUSION Herewith, we show a statistical difference in mRNA expression levels of activating (NKp46) and inhibitory receptors from NK cells in newly diagnosed AML patients when compared with healthy controls or patients who received induction therapy, supporting the findings of researchers who reported the impaired NK cells cytotoxicity in AML patients.
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37
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Sun X, Zhao J, Ma L, Sun X, Ge J, Yu Y, Ma J, Zhang M. B7-H6 as an efficient target for T cell-induced cytotoxicity in haematologic malignant cells. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:24-33. [PMID: 32770284 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00976-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
T cells play crucial roles in the antitumour immune response. However, their dysfunction leads to inefficient tumour eradication. New members of the B7 family have moved to the fore of cancer research because of their involvement in T cell-mediated immune escape and tumorigenesis. Recently, bispecific antibodies (Bi-Abs) have become attractive because of their ability to activate T cells to target tumours. In this study, we examined the expression of new B7 family members B7-H4, B7-H5, B7-H6, and B7-H7 in human haematological tumour cells. Furthermore, we explored whether B7-H6 is an efficient target for T cell-induced cytotoxicity in haematologic malignant cells. We determined the capability of T cells armed with the bispecific antibody anti-CD3 × anti-B7-H6 (B7-H6Bi-Ab) to target haematological tumours in K562, Thp-1, Daudi, Jurkat, and U266 cells. Compared with their T cell counterparts, B7-H6Bi-Ab-armed T cells demonstrated significant cytotoxicity induction in B7-H6+ haematological tumour cells, according to quantitative luciferase and lactate dehydrogenase assays, and their activity was accompanied by increased levels of the secreted killing mediators granzyme B and perforin. Moreover, B7-H6Bi-Ab-armed T cells produced more T cell-derived cytokines: TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2. In addition, compared to the control T cells, a higher level of the activation marker CD69 was detected on the B7-H6Bi-Ab-armed T cells. Taken together, these data suggest that the antitumour effect of B7-H6Bi-Ab-armed T cells may be a promising immunotherapy for use in future haematologic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic, Aerospace Central Hospital, 15 Yuquan Road, Haidian District, Beijng, 100049, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ximing Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100038, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Jing Ge
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China.,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100038, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100038, China.,Department of Hematology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China. .,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100038, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China. .,Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100038, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, 100038, China.
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38
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Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint blockade induces rapid and durable immune control of cancer in some patients and has driven a monumental shift in cancer treatment. Neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells are at the forefront of current immunotherapy strategies, and the majority of drug discovery and clinical trials revolve around further harnessing these immune effectors. Yet the immune system contains a diverse range of antitumour effector cells, and these must function in a coordinated and synergistic manner to overcome the immune-evasion mechanisms used by tumours and achieve complete control with tumour eradication. A key antitumour effector is the natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic innate lymphocytes present at high frequency in the circulatory system and identified by their exquisite ability to spontaneously detect and lyse transformed or stressed cells. Emerging data show a role for intratumoural NK cells in driving immunotherapy response and, accordingly, there have been renewed efforts to further elucidate and target the pathways controlling NK cell antitumour function. In this Review, we discuss recent clinical evidence that NK cells are a key immune constituent in the protective antitumour immune response and highlight the major stages of the cancer-NK cell immunity cycle. We also perform a new analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data to provide an overview of the prognostic value of NK cell gene expression in 25 tumour types. Furthermore, we discuss how the role of NK cells evolves with tumour progression, presenting new opportunities to target NK cell function to enhance cancer immunotherapy response rates across a more diverse range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D Huntington
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Joseph Cursons
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jai Rautela
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd, Moonee Ponds, Victoria, Australia
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39
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Chen J, Liu X, Zeng Z, Li J, Luo Y, Sun W, Gong Y, Zhang J, Wu Q, Xie C. Immunomodulation of NK Cells by Ionizing Radiation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:874. [PMID: 32612950 PMCID: PMC7308459 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the antitumor immunity. Ionizing radiation (IR) has a pronounced effect on modifying NK cell biology, while the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we briefly introduce the anti-tumor activity of NK cells and summarize the impact of IR on NK cells both directly and indirectly. On one hand, low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) activates NK functions while high-dose ionizing radiation (HDIR) is likely to partially impair NK functions, which can be reversed by interleukin (IL)-2 pretreatment. On the other hand, NK functions may be adjusted by other immune cells and the alternated malignant cell immunogenicity under the settings of IR. Various immune cells, such as the tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), dendritic cell (DC), regulatory T cell (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC), and tumor exhibited ligands, such as the natural killer group 2 member D ligand (NKG2DL), natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCR) ligand, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-receptor (TRAIL-R), and FAS, have been involved in this process. Better understanding the molecular basis is a promising way in which to augment NK-cell-based antitumor immunity in combination with IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Chen
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihang Zeng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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40
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Wu Y, Wang J, Zheng X, Chen Y, Huang M, Huang Q, Xiao W, Wei H, Tian Z, Sun R, Sun C. Establishment and Preclinical Therapy of Patient-derived Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenograft Model. Immunol Lett 2020; 223:33-43. [PMID: 32335145 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a world-wide health problem. Poor and delayed diagnoses as well as high recurrence rate resulting in high mortality rate. In this study, we established a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model from HCC patient, and continuously maintained with subcutaneous passage more than 20 times. This HCC PDX tumor exhibited the same histological characteristics with the HCC patient and could be used to verify therapeutic effect of liver cancer. We further evaluated this PDX model by experimental chemotherapy, demonstrating that this HCC PDX model was sensitive to sorafenib treatment. Further, the potential of natural killer cell-based immunotherapy for HCC was tested using this model. We found that NK92 cells effectively suppressed the tumor growth in vivo and prolonged the survival time of HCC-bearing PDX mice. This study indicates that HCC PDX model is a good platform to testify the efficacy of preclinical chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Wu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China.
| | - Cheng Sun
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, China; Transplant & Immunology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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41
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Gutierrez-Silerio GY, Franco-Topete RA, Haramati J, Navarrete-Medina EM, Gutierrez-Franco J, Bueno-Topete MR, Bastidas-Ramirez BE, Ramos-Marquez ME, Del Toro-Arreola S. Positive staining of the immunoligand B7-H6 in abnormal/transformed keratinocytes consistently accompanies the progression of cervical cancer. BMC Immunol 2020; 21:9. [PMID: 32138659 PMCID: PMC7059382 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-0341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B7-H6 has been revealed as an endogenous immunoligand expressed in a variety of tumors, but not expressed in healthy tissues. Heretofore, no studies have been reported describing B7-H6 in women with cervical cancer. To investigate this question, our present study was conducted. Results This retrospective study comprised a total of 62 paraffinized cervical biopsies, which were distributed in five groups: low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC), uterine cervical adenocarcinoma (UCAC), and a group of cervicitis (as a control for non-abnormal/non-transformed cells). Cervical sections were stained by immunohistochemistry to explore the expression of B7-H6, which was reported according to the immunoreactive score (IRS) system. We observed a complete lack of B7-H6 in LSIL abnormal epithelial cells. Interestingly, B7-H6 began to be seen in HSIL abnormal epithelial cells; more than half of this group had B7-H6 positive cells, with staining characterized by a cytoplasmic and membranous pattern. B7-H6 in the SCC group was also seen in the majority of the sections, showing the same cytoplasmic and membranous pattern. Strong evidence of B7-H6 was notably found in UCAC tumor columnar cells (in 100% of the specimens, also with cytoplasmic and membranous pattern). Moreover, consistent B7-H6 staining was observed in infiltrating plasma cells in all groups. Conclusions B7-H6 IRS positively correlated with disease stage in the development of cervical cancer; additionally, B7-H6 scores were found to be even higher in the more aggressive uterine cervical adenocarcinoma, suggesting a possible future therapeutic target for this cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Yareli Gutierrez-Silerio
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación y Servicios, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ramon Antonio Franco-Topete
- Laboratorio de Patología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jesse Haramati
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Miguel Navarrete-Medina
- Laboratorio de Patología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Gutierrez-Franco
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Miriam Ruth Bueno-Topete
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación y Servicios, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Blanca Estela Bastidas-Ramirez
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación y Servicios, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Martha Eloisa Ramos-Marquez
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Susana Del Toro-Arreola
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada # 950, Colonia Independencia, CP 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación y Servicios, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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42
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Hu Y, Zeng T, Xiao Z, Hu Q, Li Y, Tan X, Yue H, Wang W, Tan H, Zou J. Immunological role and underlying mechanisms of B7-H6 in tumorigenesis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 502:191-198. [PMID: 31904350 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B7 homolog 6 (B7-H6) has been identified as involved in tumorigenesis. Elucidating its role and potential mechanism of action is essential for understanding tumorigenesis and the potential development of an effective clinical strategy. Abnormal overexpression of B7-H6 in various types of tumors was reported to be linked with poor prognosis. B7-H6 suppresses the initiation of the "caspase cascade" and induces anti-apoptosis by STAT3 pathway activation to provoke tumorigenesis. B7-H6 facilitates tumor proliferation and cell cycle progression by regulating apoptosis suppressors. B7-H6 induces cellular cytotoxicity, secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ and B7-H6-specific BiTE triggers T cells to accelerate tumorigenesis. B7-H6 induces abnormal immunological progression by HER2-scFv mediated ADCC and NKp30 immune escape to promote tumorigenesis. B7-H6 promotes tumorigenesis via apoptosis inhibition, proliferation and immunological progression. B7-H6 may a valuable potential biomarker and therapeutic strategy for diagnostics, prognostics and treatment in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Tian Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Zheng Xiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Qihao Hu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yukun Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Xiongjin Tan
- The Second Department of Orthopaedic, 922 Hospital of PLA, Hengyang, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yue
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China; Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, PR China
| | - Wensong Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Hui Tan
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
| | - Juan Zou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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43
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The integrated stress response promotes B7H6 expression. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 98:135-148. [PMID: 31838577 PMCID: PMC6952340 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01859-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The B7 family member, B7H6, is a ligand for the natural killer cell receptor NKp30. B7H6 is hardly expressed on normal tissues, but undergoes upregulation on different types of tumors, implicating it as an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. The molecular mechanisms that control B7H6 expression are poorly understood. We report that in contrast to other NK cell ligands, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress upregulates B7H6 mRNA levels and surface expression. B7H6 induction by ER stress requires protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), one of the three canonical sensors of the unfolded protein response. PERK phosphorylates eIF2α, which regulates protein synthesis and gene expression. Because eIF2α is phosphorylated by several kinases following different stress conditions, the program downstream to eIF2α phosphorylation is called the integrated stress response (ISR). Several drugs were reported to promote the ISR. Nelfinavir and lopinavir, two clinically approved HIV protease inhibitors, promote eIF2α phosphorylation by different mechanisms. We show that nelfinavir and lopinavir sustainably instigate B7H6 expression at their pharmacologically relevant concentrations. As such, ER stress and ISR conditions sensitize melanoma targets to CAR-T cells directed against B7H6. Our study highlights a novel mechanism to induce B7H6 expression and suggests a pharmacological approach to improve B7H6-directed immunotherapy. KEY MESSAGES: B7H6 is induced by ER stress in a PERK-dependent mechanism. Induction of B7H6 is obtained pharmacologically by HIV protease inhibitors. Exposure of tumor cells to the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir improves the recognition by B7H6-directed CAR-T.
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44
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Chapoval AI, Chapoval SP, Shcherbakova NS, Shcherbakov DN. Immune Checkpoints of the B7 Family. Part 2. Representatives of the B7 Family B7-H3, B7-H4, B7-H5, B7-H6, B7-H7, and ILDR2 and Their Receptors. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019050091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Abstract
New therapies that promote antitumour immunity have been recently developed. Most of these immunomodulatory approaches have focused on enhancing T-cell responses, either by targeting inhibitory pathways with immune checkpoint inhibitors, or by targeting activating pathways, as with chimeric antigen receptor T cells or bispecific antibodies. Although these therapies have led to unprecedented successes, only a minority of patients with cancer benefit from these treatments, highlighting the need to identify new cells and molecules that could be exploited in the next generation of immunotherapy. Given the crucial role of innate immune responses in immunity, harnessing these responses opens up new possibilities for long-lasting, multilayered tumour control.
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46
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Lai H, Zeng D, Liu C, Zhang Q, Wang X, Chen T. Selenium-containing ruthenium complex synergizes with natural killer cells to enhance immunotherapy against prostate cancer via activating TRAIL/FasL signaling. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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47
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Opzoomer JW, Sosnowska D, Anstee JE, Spicer JF, Arnold JN. Cytotoxic Chemotherapy as an Immune Stimulus: A Molecular Perspective on Turning Up the Immunological Heat on Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1654. [PMID: 31379850 PMCID: PMC6652267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapeutics (CCTs) are widely used in the treatment of cancer. Although their mechanisms of action have been best understood in terms of targeting the apparatus of mitosis, an ability to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses is increasing the recognition of these agents as immunotherapies. Immune checkpoint blockade antibodies neutralize important, but specific, immune-regulatory interactions such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 to improve the anti-tumor immune response. However, CCTs can provide a broad-acting immune-stimulus against cancer, promoting both T-cell priming and recruitment to the tumor, which compliments the effects of immune checkpoint blockade. A key pathway in this process is "immunogenic cell death" (ICD) which occurs as a result of tumor cell endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis elicited by CCTs. ICD involves a series of non-redundant signaling events which break tolerance and license anti-tumor antigen-specific T-cells, allowing CCTs to act as "in situ" tumor vaccination tools. Not all responses are tumor cell-intrinsic, as CCTs can also modulate the broader tumor microenvironment. This modulation occurs through preferential depletion of stromal cells which suppress and neutralize robust anti-tumor immune responses, such as myeloid cell populations and Tregs, while effector CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells and NK cells are relatively spared. The immune-stimulating effects of CCTs are dependent on chemotherapy class, dose and tumor cell sensitivity to the agent, highlighting the need to understand the underlying biology of these responses. This mini review considers the immune-stimulating effects of CCTs from a molecular perspective, specifically highlighting considerations for their utilization in the context of combinations with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Opzoomer
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominika Sosnowska
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne E Anstee
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James F Spicer
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James N Arnold
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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48
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Bruno A, Mortara L, Baci D, Noonan DM, Albini A. Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Interactions With Natural Killer Cells and Pro-angiogenic Activities: Roles in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2019; 10:771. [PMID: 31057536 PMCID: PMC6482162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) contribute to the induction of an immune suppressive/anergic, tumor permissive environment. MDSCs act as immunosuppression orchestrators also by interacting with several components of both innate and adaptive immunity. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells functioning as primary effector of immunity, against tumors and virus-infected cells. Apart from the previously described anergy and hypo-functionality of NK cells in different tumors, NK cells in cancer patients show pro-angiogenic phenotype and functions, similar to decidual NK cells. We termed the pro-angiogenic NK cells in the tumor microenvironment "tumor infiltrating NK" (TINKs), and peripheral blood NK cells in cancer patients "tumor associated NK" (TANKs). The contribution of MDSCs in regulating NK cell functions in tumor-bearing host, still represent a poorly explored topic, and even less is known on NK cell regulation of MDSCs. Here, we review whether the crosstalk between MDSCs and NK cells can impact on tumor onset, angiogenesis and progression, focusing on key cellular and molecular interactions. We also propose that the similarity of the properties of tumor associated/tumor infiltrating NK and MDSC with those of decidual NK and decidual MDSCs during pregnancy could hint to a possible onco-fetal origin of these pro-angiogenic leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Bruno
- Scientific and Technology Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Scientific and Technology Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technology Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Cao Y, Huo L, Zhou L, Yang J, Weng Z, Yang X, Cen J, He Y. Expression of B7-H6 in chronic myeloid leukemia and its clinical significance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:568-575. [PMID: 31933861 PMCID: PMC6945099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the expression level of B7-H6 in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and to explore its clinical significance. METHODS Two hundred twenty-eight CML patients were included and peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells were collected for B7-H6 mRNA expression analyses by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The expression of B7-H6 mRNA was successfully detected in all PB and BM samples. According to the clinical characteristics of CML patients, no difference was found in the B7-H6 level of PBMCs. However, a significantly decreased B7-H6 level was noted in BM samples from CML with BCR-ABL1/ABL > 0.1% (10 copies of BCR-ABL1/10000 copies of ABL) compared to ≤ 0.1% (P < 0.0001), and a negative correlation was found between the expression level of B7-H6 in BM and the number of BCR-ABL1/ABL transcripts (r = -0.26, P = 0.0057). A significant difference in PFS was observed between patients with high expression level of B7-H6 and low expression level in BM (χ2 = 12.53, P = 0.0004). CONCLUSION The expression of the B7-H6 gene in CML is correlated with BCR-ABL1 copy number and responsiveness to treatment, and monitoring of B7-H6 expression may be used to predict CML prognosis, progression, and treatment efficacy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglin Cao
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Li Huo
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Weng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Jiannong Cen
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
| | - Yang He
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
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50
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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