1
|
Zhu J, Wang H, Liu S, Miao L, Dong H, Tong X, Jiang L. Complexes of soybean protein fibrils and chlorogenic acid: Interaction mechanism and antibacterial activity. Food Chem 2024; 452:139551. [PMID: 38723572 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the mechanism of interaction between chlorogenic acid (CA) and protein fibrils (PF) as well as the effects of varying the CA/PF concentration ratio on antibacterial activity. Analysis of various parameters, such as ζ-potential, thioflavin T fluorescence intensity, surface hydrophobicity, and free sulfhydryl groups, revealed that the interaction between PF and CA altered the structure of PF. Fluorescence analysis revealed that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions were the primary interaction forces causing conformational rearrangement, resulting in a shorter, more flexible, and thicker fibril structure, as observed through transmission electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the characteristic fibril structure was destroyed when the CA/PF ratio exceeded 0.05. Notably, the CA-PF complexes inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and also exhibited antioxidant activity. Overall, this study expands the application prospects of CA and PF in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Zhu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Shi Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Liming Miao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Hongxia Dong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gray ALH, Norman V, Oluwatoba DS, Prosser RA, Do TD. Potential Protective Function of Aβ 42 Monomer on Tauopathies. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:472-483. [PMID: 36693165 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
While soluble forms of amyloid-β (Aβ) and Tau work together to drive healthy neurons into a disease state, how their interaction may control the prion-like propagation and neurotoxicity of Tau is not fully understood. The cross-linking via disulfide bond formation is crucial for Tau oligomers to obtain stable conformers and spread between cells. This work thus focuses on how Aβ42 regulates this critical process. By studying the interactions between Aβ42 and TauPHF43, a construct that mimics the Tau R3 isoform, has a similar length to Aβ42, and contains one cysteine (Cys-322), we discovered that fresh Aβ42 could protect Tau against the formation of disulfide cross-linked dimers. We showed that the monomeric and small Aβ oligomers (the "nonamyloidogenic Aβ") efficiently disassembled tau dimers and heparin-induced Tau oligomers to recover Tau monomers. Interestingly, Aβ serves the role of an antioxidant to prevent disulfide bond formation, as supported by the experiments of Aβ with cystine. Furthermore, using cyclosporine A (CycA), a macrocyclic β-sheet disruptor, we demonstrated that targeting amyloidogenic Aβ with CycA does not affect the TauPHF43 disassembly driven by Aβ42. Separately, we assessed the initial toxicity of Aβ42 and TauPHF43 in acute brain slices and found that Aβ42 is more toxic than TauPHF43 or the two peptides combined. Our work highlights a potential protective role of Aβ42 monomers in AD that was previously overlooked while focusing on the mechanism behind Aβ42 aggregation leading to tau dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber L H Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Victoria Norman
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Damilola S Oluwatoba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Rebecca A Prosser
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Thanh D Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tomiyama R, So M, Yamaguchi K, Miyanoiri Y, Sakurai K. The residual structure of acid-denatured β 2 -microglobulin is relevant to an ordered fibril morphology. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4487. [PMID: 36321362 PMCID: PMC9793977 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
β2 -Microglobulin (β2m) forms amyloid fibrils in vitro under acidic conditions. Under these conditions, the residual structure of acid-denatured β2m is relevant to seeding and fibril extension processes. Disulfide (SS) bond-oxidized β2m has been shown to form rigid, ordered fibrils, whereas SS bond-reduced β2m forms curvy, less-ordered fibrils. These findings suggest that the presence of an SS bond affects the residual structure of the monomer, which subsequently influences the fibril morphology. To clarify this process, we herein performed NMR experiments. The results obtained revealed that oxidized β2m contained a residual structure throughout the molecule, including the N- and C-termini, whereas the residual structure of the reduced form was localized and other regions had a random coil structure. The range of the residual structure in the oxidized form was wider than that of the fibril core. These results indicate that acid-denatured β2m has variable conformations. Most conformations in the ensemble cannot participate in fibril formation because their core residues are hidden by residual structures. However, when hydrophobic residues are exposed, polypeptides competently form an ordered fibril. This conformational selection phase may be needed for the ordered assembly of amyloid fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Tomiyama
- Graduate School of Biology‐oriented Science and TechnologyKindai UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Masatomo So
- Institute for Protein ResearchOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and InformaticsOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | | | - Kazumasa Sakurai
- Graduate School of Biology‐oriented Science and TechnologyKindai UniversityWakayamaJapan,High Pressure Protein Research Center, Institute of Advanced TechnologyKindai UniversityWakayamaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peng K, Lozach PY. Rift Valley fever virus: a new avenue of research on the biological functions of amyloids? Future Virol 2021. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rift Valley fever is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that was first discovered in the Great Rift Valley, Kenya, in 1930. Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) primarily infects domestic animals and humans, with clinical outcomes ranging from self-limiting febrile illness to acute hepatitis and encephalitis. The virus left Africa a few decades ago, and there is a risk of introduction into southern Europe and Asia. From this perspective, we introduce RVFV and focus on the capacity of its virulence factor, the nonstructural protein NSs, to form amyloid-like fibrils. Here, we discuss the implications for the NSs biological function, the ability of RVFV to evade innate immunity, and RVFV virulence and neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Pierre-Yves Lozach
- Cell Networks, CIID (Cluster of Excellence & Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Lyon, INRAE, EPHE, IVPC (Infections Virales et Pathologie Comparée), 69007, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li D, Ma C, Xiang J, Zhang K, Yang L, Gan Q. A Disulfide Switch Providing Absolute Handedness Control in Double Helices via Conversion from the Antiparallel to Parallel Helical Pattern. Chemistry 2021; 27:11663-11669. [PMID: 34014575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A strategy to reversibly switch the parallel/antiparallel helical conformation of aromatic double helices through the formation/breakage of a disulfide bond is presented. Single-crystal X-ray structures, NMR, and circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrate that the double helices with terminal thiol groups favor an antiparallel helical arrangement both in the solid state and in solution, while the P/M bias of helicity induced by chiral segments from another extremity of the sequence is weak in this structural motif. The antiparallel helices can be rearranged to parallel helices through the disulfide connection of the sequences. This change enhances the bias of helical handedness and results in absolute chirality control of the double helices. The handedness-mediated process can be governed by the oxidation-reduction cycle, thereby switching the structural arrangement and the enhancement of chiral bias. In addition, we find that the sequences can dimerize into an intermolecular double helix with the disulfide connection. And the helical handedness is also fully controlled due to the head-to-head structural motif.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Xiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Quan Gan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Léger P, Nachman E, Richter K, Tamietti C, Koch J, Burk R, Kummer S, Xin Q, Stanifer M, Bouloy M, Boulant S, Kräusslich HG, Montagutelli X, Flamand M, Nussbaum-Krammer C, Lozach PY. NSs amyloid formation is associated with the virulence of Rift Valley fever virus in mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3281. [PMID: 32612175 PMCID: PMC7329897 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils result from the aggregation of host cell-encoded proteins, many giving rise to specific human illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease. Here we show that the major virulence factor of Rift Valley fever virus, the protein NSs, forms filamentous structures in the brain of mice and affects mortality. NSs assembles into nuclear and cytosolic disulfide bond-dependent fibrillary aggregates in infected cells. NSs structural arrangements exhibit characteristics typical for amyloids, such as an ultrastructure of 12 nm-width fibrils, a strong detergent resistance, and interactions with the amyloid-binding dye Thioflavin-S. The assembly dynamics of viral amyloid-like fibrils can be visualized in real-time. They form spontaneously and grow in an amyloid fashion within 5 hours. Together, our results demonstrate that viruses can encode amyloid-like fibril-forming proteins and have strong implications for future research on amyloid aggregation and toxicity in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Psylvia Léger
- CellNetworks-Cluster of Excellence and Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eliana Nachman
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Jana Koch
- CellNetworks-Cluster of Excellence and Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robin Burk
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susann Kummer
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qilin Xin
- University Lyon, INRAE, EPHE, IVPC, 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Megan Stanifer
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michèle Bouloy
- Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Bunyavirus, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Steeve Boulant
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kräusslich
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Marie Flamand
- Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Nussbaum-Krammer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre-Yves Lozach
- CellNetworks-Cluster of Excellence and Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Center for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- University Lyon, INRAE, EPHE, IVPC, 69007, Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Achour A, Broggini L, Han X, Sun R, Santambrogio C, Buratto J, Visentin C, Barbiroli A, De Luca CMG, Sormanni P, Moda F, De Simone A, Sandalova T, Grandori R, Camilloni C, Ricagno S. Biochemical and biophysical comparison of human and mouse beta-2 microglobulin reveals the molecular determinants of low amyloid propensity. FEBS J 2019; 287:546-560. [PMID: 31420997 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecular bases of amyloid aggregation propensity are still poorly understood, especially for proteins that display a stable folded native structure. A prototypic example is human beta-2 microglobulin (β2m), which, when accumulated in patients, gives rise to dialysis-related amyloidosis. Interestingly, although the physiologic concentration of β2m in mice is five times higher than that found in human patients, no amyloid deposits are observed in mice. Moreover, murine β2m (mβ2m) not only displays a lower amyloid propensity both in vivo and in vitro but also inhibits the aggregation of human β2m in vitro. Here, we compared human and mβ2m for their aggregation propensity, ability to form soluble oligomers, stability, three-dimensional structure and dynamics. Our results indicate that mβ2m low-aggregation propensity is due to two concomitant aspects: the low-aggregation propensity of its primary sequence combined with the absence of high-energy amyloid-competent conformations under native conditions. The identification of the specific properties determining the low-aggregation propensity of mouse β2m will help delineate the molecular risk factors which cause a folded protein to aggregate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Luca Broggini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Xiao Han
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Renhua Sun
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Carlo Santambrogio
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Jeremie Buratto
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Alberto Barbiroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Giulia De Luca
- Divisione di Neurologia 5 - Neuropatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Moda
- Divisione di Neurologia 5 - Neuropatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Tatyana Sandalova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Rita Grandori
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Carlo Camilloni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Ricagno
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The structure of a β 2-microglobulin fibril suggests a molecular basis for its amyloid polymorphism. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4517. [PMID: 30375379 PMCID: PMC6207761 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
All amyloid fibrils contain a cross-β fold. How this structure differs in fibrils formed from proteins associated with different diseases remains unclear. Here, we combine cryo-EM and MAS-NMR to determine the structure of an amyloid fibril formed in vitro from β2-microglobulin (β2m), the culprit protein of dialysis-related amyloidosis. The fibril is composed of two identical protofilaments assembled from subunits that do not share β2m's native tertiary fold, but are formed from similar β-strands. The fibrils share motifs with other amyloid fibrils, but also contain unique features including π-stacking interactions perpendicular to the fibril axis and an intramolecular disulfide that stabilises the subunit fold. We also describe a structural model for a second fibril morphology and show that it is built from the same subunit fold. The results provide insights into the mechanisms of fibril formation and the commonalities and differences within the amyloid fold in different protein sequences.
Collapse
|
9
|
Sulatskaya AI, Rodina NP, Polyakov DS, Sulatsky MI, Artamonova TO, Khodorkovskii MA, Shavlovsky MM, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Structural Features of Amyloid Fibrils Formed from the Full-Length and Truncated Forms of Beta-2-Microglobulin Probed by Fluorescent Dye Thioflavin T. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2762. [PMID: 30223436 PMCID: PMC6164334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of high concentrations of beta-2-microglobulin (β2M) in the blood of patients with acute renal failure leads to the development of the dialysis-related amyloidosis. This disease manifests in the deposition of amyloid fibrils formed from the various forms of β2M in the tissues and biological fluids of patients. In this paper, the amyloid fibrils formed from the full-length β2M (β2m) and its variants that lack the 6 and 10 N-terminal amino acids of the protein polypeptide chain (ΔN6β2m and ΔN10β2m, respectively) were probed by using the fluorescent dye thioflavin T (ThT). For this aim, the tested solutions were prepared via the equilibrium microdialysis approach. Spectroscopic analysis of the obtained samples allowed us to detect one binding mode (type) of ThT interaction with all the studied variants of β2M amyloid fibrils with affinity ~10⁴ M-1. This interaction can be explained by the dye molecules incorporation into the grooves that were formed by the amino acids side chains of amyloid protofibrils along the long axis of the fibrils. The decrease in the affinity and stoichiometry of the dye interaction with β2M fibrils, as well as in the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of the bound dye upon the shortening of the protein amino acid sequence were shown. The observed differences in the ThT-β2M fibrils binding parameters and characteristics of the bound dye allowed to prove not only the difference of the ΔN10β2m fibrils from other β2M fibrils (that can be detected visually, for example, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), but also the differences between β2m and ΔN6β2m fibrils (that can not be unequivocally confirmed by other approaches). These results prove an essential role of N-terminal amino acids of the protein in the formation of the β2M amyloid fibrils. Information about amyloidogenic protein sequences can be claimed in the development of ways to inhibit β2M fibrillogenesis for the treatment of dialysis-related amyloidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Sulatskaya
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Natalia P Rodina
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Polyakov
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Pavlov str. 12, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
- Chair of Medical Genetics, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Piskarevskij prospect 47, St. Petersburg 195067, Russia.
| | - Maksim I Sulatsky
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Tatyana O Artamonova
- Research Center of Nanobiotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia.
| | - Mikhail A Khodorkovskii
- Research Center of Nanobiotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia.
| | - Mikhail M Shavlovsky
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Pavlov str. 12, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
- Chair of Medical Genetics, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Piskarevskij prospect 47, St. Petersburg 195067, Russia.
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Konstantin K Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
- Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aoki M, Kang D, Katayama A, Kuwahara N, Nagasaka S, Endo Y, Terasaki M, Kunugi S, Terasaki Y, Shimizu A. Optimal conditions and the advantages of using laser microdissection and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for diagnosing renal amyloidosis. Clin Exp Nephrol 2018; 22:871-880. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-018-1533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
11
|
Hoshino M. Fibril formation from the amyloid-β peptide is governed by a dynamic equilibrium involving association and dissociation of the monomer. Biophys Rev 2016; 9:9-16. [PMID: 28510040 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Here I review the molecular mechanisms by which water-soluble monomeric amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are transformed into well-organized supramolecular complexes called amyloid fibrils. The mechanism of amyloid formation is considered theoretically on the basis of experimental results, and the structural and mechanistic similarities of amyloid fibrils to three-dimensional crystals are highlighted. A number of important results from the literature are described. These include the observation that a correct ratio of monomer association and dissociation rate constants is key for formation of well-organized amyloid fibrils. The dynamic nature of the amyloid-β structure is discussed, along with the possibly obligate requirement of the transient formation of a hairpin-like fold prior to its incorporation into amyloid fibrils. Many rounds of monomer association and dissociation events may be present during an apparently silent lag-period. Amongst these association/dissociation events, interaction between the C-terminal regions of the Aβ peptide seems to be more favored. Such association and dissociation events occurring in a "trial-and-error" fashion may be an important requirement for the formation of well-organized amyloid fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Hoshino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Narang D, Singh A, Swasthi HM, Mukhopadhyay S. Characterization of Salt-Induced Oligomerization of Human β2-Microglobulin at Low pH. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7815-23. [PMID: 27467899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Misfolding and amyloid aggregation of human β2-microglobulin (β2m) have been linked to dialysis-related amyloidosis. Previous studies have shown that in the presence of different salt concentrations and at pH 2.5, β2m assembles into aggregates with distinct morphologies. However, the structural and mechanistic details of the aggregation of β2m, giving rise to different morphologies, are poorly understood. In this work, we have extensively characterized the salt-induced oligomers of the acid-unfolded state of β2m using an array of biophysical tools including steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy imaging. Fluorescence studies using the oligomer-sensitive molecular rotor, 4-(dicyanovinyl)-julolidine, in conjunction with the light scattering and cross-linking assay indicated that at low salt (NaCl) concentrations β2m exists as a disordered monomer, capable of transforming into ordered amyloid. In the presence of higher concentrations of salt, β2m aggregates into a larger oligomeric species that does not appear to transform into amyloid fibrils. Site-specific fluorescence experiments using single Trp variants of β2m revealed that the middle region of the protein is incorporated into these oligomers, whereas the C-terminal segment is highly exposed to bulk water. Additionally, stopped-flow kinetic experiments indicated that the formation of hydrophobic core and oligomerization occur concomitantly. Our results revealed the distinct pathways by which β2m assembles into oligomers and fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Narang
- Centre for Protein Science, Design and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Anubhuti Singh
- Centre for Protein Science, Design and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Hema M Swasthi
- Centre for Protein Science, Design and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Samrat Mukhopadhyay
- Centre for Protein Science, Design and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences and ‡Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) , Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ida M, Ando M, Adachi M, Tanaka A, Machida K, Hongo K, Mizobata T, Yamakawa MY, Watanabe Y, Nakashima K, Kawata Y. Structural basis of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase amyloid fibril formation involves interaction of multiple peptide core regions. J Biochem 2015; 159:247-60. [PMID: 26319711 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), an enzyme implicated in the progression of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS), forms amyloid fibrils under certain experimental conditions. As part of our efforts to understand ALS pathogenesis, in this study we found that reduction of the intramolecular disulfide bond destabilized the tertiary structure of metal free wild-type SOD1 and greatly enhanced fibril formation in vitro. We also identified fibril core peptides that are resistant to protease digestion by using mass spectroscopy and Edman degradation analyses. Three regions dispersed throughout the sequence were detected as fibril core sequences of SOD1. Interestingly, by using three synthetic peptides that correspond to these identified regions, we determined that each region was capable of fibril formation, either alone or in a mixture containing multiple peptides. It was also revealed that by reducing the disulfide bond and causing a decrease in the structural stability, the amyloid fibril formation of a familial mutant SOD1 G93A was accelerated even under physiological conditions. These results demonstrate that by destabilizing the structure of SOD1 by removing metal ions and breaking the intramolecular disulfide bridge, multiple fibril-forming core regions are exposed, which then interact with each another and form amyloid fibrils under physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Ida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Mizuho Ando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Masayuki Adachi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Asumi Tanaka
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science and
| | - Kodai Machida
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science and
| | - Kunihiro Hongo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science and
| | - Tomohiro Mizobata
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science and
| | - Miho Yoshida Yamakawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Watanabe
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakashima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawata
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science and
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang M, Dutta C, Tiwari A. Disulfide-bond scrambling promotes amorphous aggregates in lysozyme and bovine serum albumin. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:3969-81. [PMID: 25689578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Disulfide bonds are naturally formed in more than 50% of amyloidogenic proteins, but the exact role of disulfide bonds in protein aggregation is still not well-understood. The intracellular reducing agents and/or improper use of antioxidants in extracellular environment can break proteins disulfide bonds, making them unstable and prone to misfolding and aggregation. In this study, we report the effect of disulfide-reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) on hen egg white lysozyme (lysozyme) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) aggregation at pH 7.2 and 37 °C. BSA and lysozyme proteins treated with disulfide-reducing agents form very distinct amorphous aggregates as observed by scanning electron microscope. However, proteins with intact disulfide bonds were stable and did not aggregate over time. BSA and lysozyme aggregates show unique but measurable differences in 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and 4,4'-dianilino-1,1'-binaphthyl-5,5'-disulfonic acid (bis-ANS) fluorescence, suggesting a loose and flexible aggregate structure for lysozyme but a more compact aggregate structure for BSA. Scrambled disulfide-bonded protein aggregates were observed by nonreducing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for both proteins. Similar amorphous aggregates were also generated using a nonthiol-based reducing agent, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP), at pH 7.2 and 37 °C. In summary, formation of distinct amorphous aggregates by disulfide-reduced BSA and lysozyme suggests an alternate pathway for protein aggregation that may be relevant to several proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Su Y, Sarell CJ, Eddy MT, Debelouchina GT, Andreas LB, Pashley CL, Radford SE, Griffin RG. Secondary structure in the core of amyloid fibrils formed from human β₂m and its truncated variant ΔN6. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6313-25. [PMID: 24679070 PMCID: PMC4017606 DOI: 10.1021/ja4126092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Amyloid
fibrils formed from initially soluble proteins with diverse
sequences are associated with an array of human diseases. In the human
disorder, dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA), fibrils contain two
major constituents, full-length human β2-microglobulin
(hβ2m) and a truncation variant, ΔN6 which
lacks the N-terminal six amino acids. These fibrils are assembled
from initially natively folded proteins with an all antiparallel β-stranded
structure. Here, backbone conformations of wild-type hβ2m and ΔN6 in their amyloid forms have been determined
using a combination of dilute isotopic labeling strategies and multidimensional
magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR techniques at high magnetic fields,
providing valuable structural information at the atomic-level about
the fibril architecture. The secondary structures of both fibril types,
determined by the assignment of ∼80% of the backbone resonances
of these 100- and 94-residue proteins, respectively, reveal substantial
backbone rearrangement compared with the location of β-strands
in their native immunoglobulin folds. The identification of seven
β-strands in hβ2m fibrils indicates that approximately
70 residues are in a β-strand conformation in the fibril core.
By contrast, nine β-strands comprise the fibrils formed from
ΔN6, indicating a more extensive core. The precise location
and length of β-strands in the two fibril forms also differ.
The results indicate fibrils of ΔN6 and hβ2m have an extensive core architecture involving the majority of residues
in the polypeptide sequence. The common elements of the backbone structure
of the two proteins likely facilitates their ability to copolymerize
during amyloid fibril assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Su
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chatani E, Imamura H, Yamamoto N, Kato M. Stepwise organization of the β-structure identifies key regions essential for the propagation and cytotoxicity of insulin amyloid fibrils. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10399-10410. [PMID: 24569992 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.520874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are supramolecular assemblies, the deposition of which is associated with many serious diseases including Alzheimer, prion, and Huntington diseases. Several smaller aggregates such as oligomers and protofibrils have been proposed to play a role in early stages of the fibrillation process; however, little is known about how these species contribute to the formation of mature amyloid fibrils with a rigid cross-β structure. Here, we identified a new pathway for the formation of insulin amyloid fibrils at a high concentration of salt in which mature fibrils were formed in a stepwise manner via a prefibrillar intermediate: minute prefibrillar species initially accumulated, followed by the subsequent formation of thicker amyloid fibrils. Fourier transform infrared spectra suggested the sequential formation of two types of β-sheets with different strength hydrogen bonds, one of which was developed concomitantly with the mutual assembly of the prefibrillar intermediate to form mature fibrils. Interestingly, fibril propagation and cellular toxicity appeared only after the later step of structural organization, and a comparison of β-sheet regions between the prefibrillar intermediate and mature fibrils using proteolysis led to the proposal of specific regions essential for manifestation of these properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Chatani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Imamura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Minoru Kato
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee YH, Goto Y. Kinetic intermediates of amyloid fibrillation studied by hydrogen exchange methods with nuclear magnetic resonance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2012; 1824:1307-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
18
|
Application and use of differential scanning calorimetry in studies of thermal fluctuation associated with amyloid fibril formation. Biophys Rev 2012; 5:259-269. [PMID: 28510108 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-012-0098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils is a topic that has attracted great interest because the process is associated with the pathology of numerous human diseases. Despite considerable progress in the elucidation of the structure of amyloid fibrils and the kinetic mechanism of their formation, knowledge on the thermodynamic aspects underlying the formation and stability of amyloid fibrils is limited. In this review, we summarize recent calorimetric studies of amyloid fibril formation, with the goal of obtaining a better understanding of the causal factors that thermally induce proteins to aggregate into amyloid fibrils. Calorimetric data show that differential scanning calorimetry is a useful technique to study the causative factors that thermally trigger the conversion to the amyloid structure and highlight the physics related to the thermal fluctuation of proteins during this conversion.
Collapse
|
19
|
Chatani E, Yagi H, Naiki H, Goto Y. Polymorphism of β2-microglobulin amyloid fibrils manifested by ultrasonication-enhanced fibril formation in trifluoroethanol. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:22827-37. [PMID: 22566695 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.333310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The polymorphic property of amyloid structures has been focused on as a molecular basis of the presence and propagation of different phenotypes of amyloid diseases, although little is known about the molecular mechanism for expressing diverse structures from only one protein sequence. Here, we have found that, in combination with an enhancing effect of ultrasonication on nucleation, β(2)-microglobulin, a protein responsible for dialysis-related amyloidosis, generates distinct fibril conformations in a concentration-dependent manner in the presence of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE). Although the newly formed fibrils all exhibited a similar needle-like morphology with an extensive cross-β core, as suggested by Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra, they differed in thioflavin T intensity, extension kinetics, and tryptophan fluorescence spectra even in the same solvents, representing polymorphic structures. The hydrophobic residues seemed to be more exposed in the fibrils originating at higher concentrations of TFE, as indicated by the increased binding of 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid, suggesting that the modulation of hydrophobic interactions is critical to the production of polymorphic amyloid structures. Interestingly, the fibrils formed at higher TFE concentrations showed significantly higher stability against guanidium hydrochloride, the perturbation of ionic strength, and, furthermore, pressurization. The cross-β structure inside the fibrils seems to have been more idealized, resulting in increased stability when nucleation occurred in the presence of the alcohol, indicating that a weaker contribution of hydrophobic interactions is intrinsically more amenable to the formation of a non-defective amyloid structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Chatani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Priyadarshini M, Bano B. Conformational changes during amyloid fibril formation of pancreatic thiol proteinase inhibitor: effect of copper and zinc. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:2945-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Taurines R, Dudley E, Grassl J, Warnke A, Gerlach M, Coogan AN, Thome J. Proteomic research in psychiatry. J Psychopharmacol 2011; 25:151-96. [PMID: 20142298 DOI: 10.1177/0269881109106931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and mood disorders are severe and disabling conditions of largely unknown origin and poorly understood pathophysiology. An accurate diagnosis and treatment of these disorders is often complicated by their aetiological and clinical heterogeneity. In recent years proteomic technologies based on mass spectrometry have been increasingly used, especially in the search for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in neuropsychiatric disorders. Proteomics enable an automated high-throughput protein determination revealing expression levels, post-translational modifications and complex protein-interaction networks. In contrast to other methods such as molecular genetics, proteomics provide the opportunity to determine modifications at the protein level thereby possibly being more closely related to pathophysiological processes underlying the clinical phenomenology of specific psychiatric conditions. In this article we review the theoretical background of proteomics and its most commonly utilized techniques. Furthermore the current impact of proteomic research on diverse psychiatric diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders, drug abuse and autism, is discussed. Proteomic methods are expected to gain crucial significance in psychiatric research and neuropharmacology over the coming decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Taurines
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry, The School of Medicine, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Santambrogio C, Ricagno S, Colombo M, Barbiroli A, Bonomi F, Bellotti V, Bolognesi M, Grandori R. DE-loop mutations affect beta2 microglobulin stability, oligomerization, and the low-pH unfolded form. Protein Sci 2010; 19:1386-94. [PMID: 20506535 DOI: 10.1002/pro.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Beta2 microglobulin (beta2m) is the light chain of class-I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I). Its accumulation in the blood of patients affected by kidney failure leads to amyloid deposition around skeletal joints and bones, a severe condition known as Dialysis Related Amyloidosis (DRA). In an effort to dissect the structural determinants of beta2m aggregation, several beta2m mutants have been previously studied. Among these, three single-residue mutations in the loop connecting strands D and E (W60G, W60V, D59P) have been shown to affect beta2m amyloidogenic properties, and are here considered. To investigate the biochemical and biophysical properties of wild-type (w.t.) beta2m and the three mutants, we explored thermal unfolding by Trp fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD). The W60G mutant reveals a pronounced increase in conformational stability. Protein oligomerization and reduction kinetics were investigated by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). All the mutations analyzed here reduce the protein propensity to form soluble oligomers, suggesting a role for the DE-loop in intermolecular interactions. A partially folded intermediate, which may be involved in protein aggregation induced by acids, accumulates for all the tested proteins at pH 2.5 under oxidizing conditions. Moreover, the kinetics of disulfide reduction reveals specific differences among the tested mutants. Thus, beta2m DE-loop mutations display long-range effects, affecting stability and structural properties of the native protein and its low-pH intermediate. The evidence presented here hints to a crucial role played by the DE-loop in determining the overall properties of native and partially folded beta2m.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santambrogio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yamaguchi T, Yagi H, Goto Y, Matsuzaki K, Hoshino M. A Disulfide-Linked Amyloid-β Peptide Dimer Forms a Protofibril-like Oligomer through a Distinct Pathway from Amyloid Fibril Formation. Biochemistry 2010; 49:7100-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bi100583x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yagi
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsumi Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masaru Hoshino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ladner CL, Chen M, Smith DP, Platt GW, Radford SE, Langen R. Stacked sets of parallel, in-register beta-strands of beta2-microglobulin in amyloid fibrils revealed by site-directed spin labeling and chemical labeling. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:17137-47. [PMID: 20335170 PMCID: PMC2878032 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.117234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
β2-microglobulin (β2m) is a 99-residue protein with an immunoglobulin fold that forms β-sheet-rich amyloid fibrils in dialysis-related amyloidosis. Here the environment and accessibility of side chains within amyloid fibrils formed in vitro from β2m with a long straight morphology are probed by site-directed spin labeling and accessibility to modification with N-ethyl maleimide using 19 site-specific cysteine variants. Continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of these fibrils reveals a core predominantly organized in a parallel, in-register arrangement, by contrast with other β2m aggregates. A continuous array of parallel, in-register β-strands involving most of the polypeptide sequence is inconsistent with the cryoelectron microscopy structure, which reveals an architecture based on subunit repeats. To reconcile these data, the number of spins in close proximity required to give rise to spin exchange was determined. Systematic studies of a model protein system indicated that juxtaposition of four spin labels is sufficient to generate exchange narrowing. Combined with information about side-chain mobility and accessibility, we propose that the amyloid fibrils of β2m consist of about six β2m monomers organized in stacks with a parallel, in-register array. The results suggest an organization more complex than the accordion-like β-sandwich structure commonly proposed for amyloid fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol L Ladner
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hiramatsu H, Lu M, Matsuo K, Gekko K, Goto Y, Kitagawa T. Differences in the molecular structure of beta(2)-microglobulin between two morphologically different amyloid fibrils. Biochemistry 2010; 49:742-51. [PMID: 20028123 DOI: 10.1021/bi901536j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Differences in the molecular structures of beta(2)-microglobulin between the two morphologically different amyloid fibrils having a needlelike [long-straight (LS)] and flexible [wormlike (WL)] character were investigated by infrared, Raman, and vacuum-ultraviolet circular dichroism spectroscopy. It turned out that although the beta-sheet content was comparable between the two kinds of fibrils (53 +/- 6% for the LS fibril and 47 +/- 6% for the WL fibril), the protonation states of the carboxyl side chains were distinctly different; the deprotonated (COO(-)) and protonated (COOH) forms were dominant in the LS and WL fibrils at pH 2.5, respectively, meaning that the pK(a) is specifically lowered in the LS fibril. Such a difference was not observed for the fibrils of the core fragments. Since site-specific interactions generally cause variation in the pK(a) of carboxyl side chains in proteins, these results suggest that "hook"-like interactions generated by hydrogen bonding and the formation of a salt bridge are present in the LS fibril, providing enthalpic stabilization. Presumably, the carboxyl groups fix the spatial arrangement of beta-strands and beta-sheets, bringing about the needlelike morphology. The absence of this regulation would result in the flexible morphology of the WL fibril, providing entropic stabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Hiramatsu
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sasahara K, Yagi H, Naiki H, Goto Y. Thermal Response with Exothermic Effects of β2-Microglobulin Amyloid Fibrils and Fibrillation. J Mol Biol 2009; 389:584-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2008] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
27
|
Wang SSS, Liu KN, Lu YC. Amyloid fibrillation of hen egg-white lysozyme is inhibited by TCEP. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 381:639-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
28
|
Oztug Durer ZA, Cohlberg JA, Dinh P, Padua S, Ehrenclou K, Downes S, Tan JK, Nakano Y, Bowman CJ, Hoskins JL, Kwon C, Mason AZ, Rodriguez JA, Doucette PA, Shaw BF, Valentine JS. Loss of metal ions, disulfide reduction and mutations related to familial ALS promote formation of amyloid-like aggregates from superoxide dismutase. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5004. [PMID: 19325915 PMCID: PMC2659422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) are one of the causes of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS). Fibrillar inclusions containing SOD1 and SOD1 inclusions that bind the amyloid-specific dye thioflavin S have been found in neurons of transgenic mice expressing mutant SOD1. Therefore, the formation of amyloid fibrils from human SOD1 was investigated. When agitated at acidic pH in the presence of low concentrations of guanidine or acetonitrile, metalated SOD1 formed fibrillar material which bound both thioflavin T and Congo red and had circular dichroism and infrared spectra characteristic of amyloid. While metalated SOD1 did not form amyloid-like aggregates at neutral pH, either removing metals from SOD1 with its intramolecular disulfide bond intact or reducing the intramolecular disulfide bond of metalated SOD1 was sufficient to promote formation of these aggregates. SOD1 formed amyloid-like aggregates both with and without intermolecular disulfide bonds, depending on the incubation conditions, and a mutant SOD1 lacking free sulfhydryl groups (AS-SOD1) formed amyloid-like aggregates at neutral pH under reducing conditions. ALS mutations enhanced the ability of disulfide-reduced SOD1 to form amyloid-like aggregates, and apo-AS-SOD1 formed amyloid-like aggregates at pH 7 only when an ALS mutation was also present. These results indicate that some mutations related to ALS promote formation of amyloid-like aggregates by facilitating the loss of metals and/or by making the intramolecular disulfide bond more susceptible to reduction, thus allowing the conversion of SOD1 to a form that aggregates to form resembling amyloid. Furthermore, the occurrence of amyloid-like aggregates per se does not depend on forming intermolecular disulfide bonds, and multiple forms of such aggregates can be produced from SOD1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep A. Oztug Durer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A. Cohlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Phong Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Shelby Padua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Krista Ehrenclou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Sean Downes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - James K. Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Yoko Nakano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Bowman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Hoskins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Chuhee Kwon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew Z. Mason
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Jorge A. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Peter A. Doucette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Bryan F. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joan Selverstone Valentine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) is capable of forming amyloid in osteoarticular structures in kidney failure patients that undergo chronic hemodialysis treatment. Although sophisticated analytical methods have yielded comprehensive data about the conformation of the native protein both as a monomer and as the light chain of the type I major histocompatibility complex, the cause and mechanisms leading to the transformation of beta(2)m into amyloid deposits in patients with dialysis-related amyloidosis are unsettled. The impact on conformational stability of various truncations, cleavages, amino acid substitutions, and divalent cations, especially Cu(2+), however, are highly relevant for understanding beta(2)m unfolding pathways leading to amyloid formation. This review describes the current knowledge about such conformationally destabilizing and amyloidogenic factors and links these to the structure and function of beta(2)m in normal physiology and pathology. Tables listing modifications of beta(2)m found in amyloid from patients and a systematic overview of laboratory conditions conducive to beta(2)m-fibrillogenesis are also included.
Collapse
|
30
|
Thakur AK, Rao CM. UV-light exposed prion protein fails to form amyloid fibrils. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2688. [PMID: 18628989 PMCID: PMC2442654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibril formation involves three steps; structural perturbation, nucleation and elongation. We have investigated amyloidogenesis using prion protein as a model system and UV-light as a structural perturbant. We find that UV-exposed prion protein fails to form amyloid fibrils. Interestingly, if provided with pre-formed fibrils as seeds, UV-exposed prion protein formed amyloid fibrils albeit with slightly different morphology. Atomic force microscopy and electron microscopic studies clearly show the formation of fibrils under these conditions. Circular dichroism study shows loss in helicity in UV-exposed protein. UV-exposed prion protein fails to form amyloid fibrils. However, it remains competent for fibril extension, suggesting that UV-exposure results in loss of nucleating capability. This work opens up possibility of segregating nucleation and elongation step of amyloidogenesis, facilitating screening of new drug candidates for specifically inhibiting either of these processes. In addition, the work also highlights the importance of light-induced structural and functional alterations which are important in protein based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar Thakur
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ch Mohan Rao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fabian H, Gast K, Laue M, Misselwitz R, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Ziegler A, Naumann D. Early stages of misfolding and association of beta2-microglobulin: insights from infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Biochemistry 2008; 47:6895-906. [PMID: 18540682 DOI: 10.1021/bi800279y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conformational changes associated with the assembly of recombinant beta 2-microglobulin in vitro under acidic conditions were investigated using infrared spectroscopy and static and dynamic light scattering. In parallel, the morphology of the different aggregated species obtained under defined conditions was characterized by electron microscopy. The initial salt-induced aggregate form of beta 2-microglobulin, composed of small oligomers (dimers to tetramers), revealed the presence of beta-strands organized in an intramolecular-like fashion. Further particle growth was accompanied by the formation of intermolecular beta-sheet structure and led to short curved forms. An increase in temperature by only 25 degrees C was able to disaggregate these assemblies, followed by the formation of longer filamentous structures. In contrast, a rise in temperature up to 100 degrees C was associated with a reorganization of the short curved forms at the level of secondary structure and the state of assembly, leading to a species with a characteristic infrared spectrum different from those of all the other aggregates observed before, suggesting a unique overall structure. The infrared spectral features of this species were nearly identical to those of beta 2-microglobulin assemblies formed at low ionic strength with agitation, indicating the presence of fibrils, which was confirmed by electron microscopy. The observed spectroscopic changes suggest that the heat-triggered conversion of the short curved assemblies into fibrils involves a reorganization of the beta-strands from an antiparallel arrangement to a parallel arrangement, with the latter being characteristic of amyloid fibrils of beta 2-microglobulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Fabian
- Robert Koch-Institut, P 25 and ZBS4, Nordufer 20, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yamamoto K, Yagi H, Ozawa D, Sasahara K, Naiki H, Goto Y. Thiol Compounds Inhibit the Formation of Amyloid Fibrils by β2-Microglobulin at Neutral pH. J Mol Biol 2008; 376:258-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 12/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Holm NK, Jespersen SK, Thomassen LV, Wolff TY, Sehgal P, Thomsen LA, Christiansen G, Andersen CB, Knudsen AD, Otzen DE. Aggregation and fibrillation of bovine serum albumin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2007; 1774:1128-38. [PMID: 17689306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2007.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Revised: 05/26/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The all-alpha helix multi-domain protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) aggregates at elevated temperatures. Here we show that these thermal aggregates have amyloid properties. They bind the fibril-specific dyes Thioflavin T and Congo Red, show elongated although somewhat worm-like morphology and characteristic amyloid X-ray fiber diffraction peaks. Fibrillation occurs over minutes to hours without a lag phase, is independent of seeding and shows only moderate concentration dependence, suggesting intramolecular aggregation nuclei. Nevertheless, multi-exponential increases in dye-binding signal and changes in morphology suggest the existence of different aggregate species. Although beta-sheet content increases from 0 to ca. 40% upon aggregation, the aggregates retain significant amounts of alpha-helix structure, and lack a protease-resistant core. Thus BSA is able to form well-ordered beta-sheet rich aggregates which nevertheless do not possess the same structural rigidity as classical fibrils. The aggregates do not permeabilize synthetic membranes and are not cytotoxic. The ease with which a multidomain all-alpha helix protein can form higher-order beta-sheet structure, while retaining significant amounts of alpha-helix, highlights the universality of the fibrillation mechanism. However, the presence of non-beta-sheet structure may influence the final fibrillar structure and could be a key component in aggregated BSA's lack of cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj K Holm
- Centre for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN) at Department of Life Sciences, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 49, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hoshino M, Katou H, Yamaguchi KI, Goto Y. Dimethylsulfoxide-quenched hydrogen/deuterium exchange method to study amyloid fibril structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2007; 1768:1886-99. [PMID: 17499210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2006] [Revised: 02/07/2007] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A general method to analyze the structure of a supramolecular complex of amyloid fibrils at amino acid residue resolution has been developed. This method combines the NMR-detected hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange technique to detect hydrogen-bonded amide groups and the ability of the aprotic organic solvent dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to dissolve amyloid fibrils into NMR-observable, monomeric components while suppressing the undesired H/D exchange reaction. Moreover, this method can be generally applied to amyloid fibrils to elucidate the distribution of hydrogen-bonded amino acid residues in the three-dimensional molecular organization in the amyloid fibrils. In this study, we describe theoretical considerations in the H/D exchange method to obtain the structural information of proteins, and the DMSO-quenched H/D exchange method to study a supramolecular complex of amyloid fibrils. A possible application of this method to study the interaction of a protein/peptide with phospholipid membrane is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Hoshino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lu M, Hiramatsu H, Goto Y, Kitagawa T. Structure of Interacting Segments in the Growing Amyloid Fibril of β2-Microglobulin Probed with IR Spectroscopy. J Mol Biol 2006; 362:355-64. [PMID: 16919295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Revised: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inter-segmental interaction at the growing tip of the amyloid fibril of beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) was investigated using IR microscopy. Cross-seeded fibril formation was implemented, in which the amyloid fibril of the #21-31 fragment of beta2m (fA[#21-31]) was generated on the beta2m amyloid fibril (fA[beta2m]) as a seed. Differences between the IR spectra of the cross-seeded fibril and those of the seed were attributed to the contribution from the tip, whose structure is discussed. The results indicated that 6.5 +/- 1.0 out of 11 residues of the fA[#21-31] tip on fA[beta2m] are contained in a beta-sheet at pH 2.5, which was smaller than the corresponding value (7.5 +/- 1.1 residues) of the spontaneous fA[#21-31] at pH 2.5. The tip was suggested to have a planar structure, indicating the planarity of the interacting segment. The N-terminal region of fA[#21-31] in the fibril is more exposed to the solvent than that in the tip, and vice versa for the C-terminal region. This is consistent with the different protonation levels of these regions, and the direction of peptide in the fibrils is determined from these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Photoscience, School of Advanced Studies, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0193, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chatani E, Naiki H, Goto Y. Seeding-dependent Propagation and Maturation of β2-Microglobulin Amyloid Fibrils Under High Pressure. J Mol Biol 2006; 359:1086-96. [PMID: 16697008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2006] [Revised: 03/30/2006] [Accepted: 04/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High hydrostatic pressure reversibly transforms the amyloid fibrils of beta2-microglobulin (beta2-m) into a more tightly packed, reorganized structure, which has provided insight into the polymorphic properties of amyloid fibrils. Here, to further investigate the molecular mechanism that controls fibril structure, seed-dependent fibril growth from an acid-unfolded monomeric form under high pressure was studied. At all pressures up to 400 MPa, the fibril growth could be approximated by a single-exponential kinetics, although pressure above 300 MPa decreased the growth rate significantly. The fibrils formed at high pressure were similar to the reorganized fibrils formed initially at ambient pressure and then pressurized, suggesting that the reorganized fibrils were formed directly at high pressure. A systematic investigation of the extension rate under various pressures indicated that the activation free energies for the original and reorganized fibrils are significantly different, suggesting that different amino acid contacts are involved in these two types of fibrils. On the other hand, for the seed-dependent extension reactions of both types of fibrils, the activation volume was much smaller than the change in reaction volume, implying that only small numbers of side-chain interactions are achieved in the transition state. Importantly, we observed a marked acceleration of fibril growth, i.e., maturation, on repeated self-seeding above 300 MPa, revealing the coexistence of another type of fibril with a similar structure but with an increased growth-rate under high pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Chatani
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Park S, Saven JG. Simulation of pH-dependent edge strand rearrangement in human beta-2 microglobulin. Protein Sci 2005; 15:200-7. [PMID: 16322574 PMCID: PMC2242376 DOI: 10.1110/ps.051814306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils formed from unrelated proteins often share morphological similarities, suggesting common biophysical mechanisms for amyloidogenesis. Biochemical studies of human beta-2 microglobulin (beta2M) have shown that its transition from a water-soluble protein to insoluble aggregates can be triggered by low pH. Additionally, biophysical measurements of beta2M using NMR have identified residues of the protein that participate in the formation of amyloid fibrils. The crystal structure of monomeric human beta2M determined at pH 5.7 shows that one of its edge beta-strands (strand D) adopts a conformation that differs from other structures of the same protein obtained at higher pH. This alternate beta-strand arrangement lacks a beta-bulge, which may facilitate protein aggregation through intermolecular beta-sheet association. To explore whether the pH change may yield the observed conformational difference, molecular dynamics simulations of beta2M were performed. The effects of pH were modeled by specifying the protonation states of Asp, Glu, and His, as well as the C terminus of the main chain. The bulged conformation of strand D is preferred at medium pH (pH 5-7), whereas at low pH (pH < 4) the straight conformation is observed. Therefore, low pH may stabilize the straight conformation of edge strand D and thus increase the amyloidogenicity of beta2M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen Y, Dokholyan NV. A Single Disulfide Bond Differentiates Aggregation Pathways of ß2-Microglobulin. J Mol Biol 2005; 354:473-82. [PMID: 16242719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2005] [Revised: 08/24/2005] [Accepted: 09/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Deposition of wild-type beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) into amyloid fibrils is a complication in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. The native beta-sandwich fold of beta2m has a highly conserved disulfide bond linking Cys25 and Cys80. Oxidized beta2m forms needle-like amyloid fibrils at pH 2.5 in vitro, whereas reduced beta2m, at acid pH, in which the intra-chain disulfide bond is disrupted, cannot form typical fibrils. Instead, reduced beta2m forms thinner and more flexible filaments. To uncover the difference in molecular mechanisms underlying the aggregation of the oxidized and reduced beta2m, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of beta2m oligomerization under oxidized and reduced conditions. We show that, consistent with experimental observations, the oxidized beta2m forms domain-swapped dimer, in which the two proteins exchange their N-terminal segments complementing each other. In contrast, both dimers and trimers, formed by reduced beta2m, are comprised of parallel beta-sheets between monomers and stabilized by the hydrogen bond network along the backbone. The oligomerized monomers are in extended conformations, capable of further aggregation. We find that both reduced and oxidized dimers are thermodynamically less stable than their corresponding monomers, indicating that beta2m oligomerization is not accompanied by the formation of a thermodynamically stable dimer. Our studies suggest that the different aggregation pathways of oxidized and reduced beta2m are dictated by the formation of distinct precursor oligomeric species that are modulated by Cys25-Cys80 disulfide-bonds. We propose that the propagation of domain swapping is the aggregation mechanism for the oxidized beta2m, while "parallel stacking" of partially unfolded beta2m is the aggregation mechanism for the reduced beta2m.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kardos J, Okuno D, Kawai T, Hagihara Y, Yumoto N, Kitagawa T, Závodszky P, Naiki H, Goto Y. Structural studies reveal that the diverse morphology of β2-microglobulin aggregates is a reflection of different molecular architectures. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2005; 1753:108-20. [PMID: 16185940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2005.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Revised: 08/17/2005] [Accepted: 08/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid deposition accompanies over 20 degenerative diseases in human, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion diseases. Recent studies revealed the importance of other type of protein aggregates, e.g., non-specific aggregates, protofibrils, and small oligomers in the development of such diseases and proved their increased toxicity for living cells in comparison with mature amyloid fibrils. We carried out a comparative structural analysis of different monomeric and aggregated states of beta(2)-microglobulin, a protein responsible for hemodialysis-related amyloidosis. We investigated the structure of the native and acid-denatured states, as well as that of mature fibrils, immature fibrils, amorphous aggregates, and heat-induced filaments, prepared under various in vitro conditions. Infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that the beta-sheet compositions of immature fibrils, heat-induced filaments and amorphous aggregates are characteristic of antiparallel intermolecular beta-sheet structure while mature fibrils are different from all others suggesting a unique overall structure and assembly. Filamentous aggregates prepared by heat treatment are of importance in understanding the in vivo disease because of their stability under physiological conditions, where amyloid fibrils and protofibrils formed at acidic pH depolymerize. Atomic force microscopy of heat-induced filaments represented a morphology similar to that of the low pH immature fibrils. At a pH close to the pI of the protein, amorphous aggregates were formed readily with association of the molecules in native-like conformation, followed by formation of intermolecular beta-sheet structure in a longer time-scale. Extent of the core buried from the solvent in the various states was investigated by H/D exchange of the amide protons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- József Kardos
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány sétány 1/C, Budapest 1117, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sasahara K, Naiki H, Goto Y. Kinetically Controlled Thermal Response of β2-Microglobulin Amyloid Fibrils. J Mol Biol 2005; 352:700-11. [PMID: 16098535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2005] [Revised: 07/06/2005] [Accepted: 07/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Calorimetric measurements were carried out using a differential scanning calorimeter in the temperature range from 10 to 120 degrees C for characterizing the thermal response of beta2-microglobulin amyloid fibrils. The thermograms of amyloid fibril solution showed a remarkably large decrease in heat capacity that was essentially released upon the thermal unfolding of the fibrils, in which the magnitude of negative heat capacity change was not explicable in terms of the current accessible surface area model of protein structural thermodynamics. The heat capacity-temperature curve of amyloid fibrils prior to the fibril unfolding exhibited an unusual dependence on the fibril concentration and the heating rate. Particularly, the heat needed to induce the thermal response was found to be linearly dependent on the heating rate, indicating that its thermal response is under a kinetic control and precluding the interpretation in terms of equilibrium thermodynamics. Furthermore, amyloid fibrils of amyloid beta peptides also exhibited a heating rate-dependent exothermic process before the fibril unfolding, indicating that the kinetically controlled thermal response may be a common phenomenon to amyloid fibrils. We suggest that the heating rate-dependent negative change in heat capacity is coupled to the association of amyloid fibrils with characteristic hydration pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sasahara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chatani E, Goto Y. Structural stability of amyloid fibrils of beta(2)-microglobulin in comparison with its native fold. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2005; 1753:64-75. [PMID: 16213801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2005.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2005] [Revised: 08/01/2005] [Accepted: 08/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Among various amyloidogenic proteins, beta(2)-microglobulin (beta2-m) responsible for dialysis-related amyloidosis is a target of extensive study because of its clinical importance and suitable size for examining the formation of amyloid fibrils in comparison with protein folding to the native state. The structure and stability of amyloid fibrils have been studied with various physicochemical methods, including H/D exchange of amyloid fibrils combined with dissolution of fibrils by dimethylsulfoxide and NMR analysis, thermodynamic analysis of amyloid fibril formation by isothermal calorimetry, and analysis of the effects of pressure on the structure of amyloid fibrils. The results are consistent with the view that amyloid fibrils are a main-chain-dominated structure with larger numbers of hydrogen bonds and pressure-accessible cavities in the interior, in contrast to the side-chain-dominated native structure with the optimal packing of amino acid residues. We consider that a main-chain dominated structure provides the structural basis for various conformational states even with one protein. When this feature is combined with another unique feature, template-dependent growth, propagation and maturation of the amyloid conformation, which cannot be predicted with Anfinsen's dogma, take place.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Chatani
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Benyamini H, Gunasekaran K, Wolfson H, Nussinov R. Fibril modelling by sequence and structure conservation analysis combined with protein docking techniques: beta(2)-microglobulin amyloidosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2005; 1753:121-30. [PMID: 16107326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2005.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2005] [Revised: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 07/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining atomic resolution structural models of amyloid fibrils is currently impossible, yet crucial for our understanding of the amyloid mechanism. Different pathways in the transformation of a native globular domain to an amyloid fibril invariably involve domain destabilization. Hence, locating the unstable segments of a domain is important for understanding its amyloidogenic transformation and possibly control it. Since relative conservation is suggested to relate to local stability, we performed an extensive, sequence and structure conservation analysis of the beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-m) domain. Our dataset include 51 high resolution structures belonging to the "C1 set domain" family and 132 clustered PSI-BLAST search results. Segments of the beta(2)-m domain corresponding to strands A (residues 12-18), D (45-55) and G (91-95) were found to be less conserved and stable, while the central strands B (residues 22-28), C (36-41), E (62-70) and F (78-83) were found conserved and stable. Our findings are supported by accumulating observations from various experimental methods, including urea denaturation, limited proteolysis, H/D exchange and structure determination by both NMR and X-ray crystallography. We used our conservation findings together with experimental literature information to suggest a structural model for the polymerized unit of beta(2)-m. Pairwise protein docking and subsequent monomer stacking in the same manner suggest a fibril model consistent with the cross-beta structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Benyamini
- Bioinformatics Unit, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hagihara Y, Matsuda T, Yumoto N. Cellular Quality Control Screening to Identify Amino Acid Pairs for Substituting the Disulfide Bonds in Immunoglobulin Fold Domains. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:24752-8. [PMID: 15870065 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m503963200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We are interested in determining which amino acid pairs can be substituted for the disulfide (S-S) bonds in proteins without disrupting their native structures under physiological conditions. In this study, we focused on the intradomain S-S bonds in Ig fold domains and aimed to determine a simple rule for replacement of their S-S bonds. The cysteines of four different Ig fold domains were mutated randomly, and the amino acid pairs substituted for the S-S bonds were screened by the method utilizing a cellular quality control system. Among the 36 selected mutants, 31 were natively folded without S-S bonds, as judged from the cooperativity of thermal unfolding. In addition, the selected mutant llama heavy chain antibodies retained antigen-binding affinity. At least two of the pairs Ala:Ala, Ala:Val, Val: Ala, and Val:Val were found in the selected mutants for all four different Ig fold domains, and they were stably folded at 30 degrees C. This suggests that examination of these four pairs could be enough to obtain natively folded Ig fold domains without S-S bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Hagihara
- Research Institute for Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Das AK, Drew MGB, Haldar D, Banerjee A. The role of the disulfide bond in amyloid-like fibrillogenesis in a model peptide system. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:3502-7. [PMID: 16172687 DOI: 10.1039/b509083k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three terminally protected short peptides Bis[Boc-D-Leu1-Cys2-OMe] 1, Bis[Boc-Leu1-Cys2-OMe] and Bis[Boc-Val1-Cys2-OMe] 3 exhibit amyloid-like fibrillar morphology. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of peptide 1 clearly demonstrates that it adopts an overall extended backbone molecular conformation that self-assembles to form an intermolecular hydrogen-bonded antiparallel supramolecular beta-sheet structure in crystals. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images, transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images and Congo red binding studies vividly demonstrate the amyloid-like fibril formation of peptides 1, 2 and 3. However, after reduction of the disulfide bridge of peptides 1, 2 and 3, three newly generated peptides Boc-D-Leu1-Cys2-OMe 4, Boc-Leu1-Cys2-OMe 5 and Boc-Val1-Cys2-OMe 6 are formed and all of them failed to form any kind of fibril under the same conditions, indicating the important role of the disulfide bond in amyloid-like fibrillogenesis in a peptide model system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apurba Kumar Das
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Uversky VN, Fink AL. Conformational constraints for amyloid fibrillation: the importance of being unfolded. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2004; 1698:131-53. [PMID: 15134647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2003.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 780] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2003] [Revised: 12/01/2003] [Accepted: 12/01/2003] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports give strong support to the idea that amyloid fibril formation and the subsequent development of protein deposition diseases originate from conformational changes in corresponding amyloidogenic proteins. In this review, recent findings are surveyed to illustrate that protein fibrillogenesis requires a partially folded conformation. This amyloidogenic conformation is relatively unfolded, and shares many structural properties with the pre-molten globule state, a partially folded intermediate frequently observed in the early stages of protein folding and under some equilibrium conditions. The inherent flexibility of such an intermediate is essential in allowing the conformational rearrangements necessary to form the core cross-beta structure of the amyloid fibril.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yamaguchi KI, Katou H, Hoshino M, Hasegawa K, Naiki H, Goto Y. Core and heterogeneity of beta2-microglobulin amyloid fibrils as revealed by H/D exchange. J Mol Biol 2004; 338:559-71. [PMID: 15081813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2003] [Revised: 02/14/2004] [Accepted: 02/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dialysis-related amyloidosis, which occurs in the patients receiving a long-term hemodialysis with high frequency, accompanies the deposition of amyloid fibrils composed of beta(2)-microglobulin (beta2-m). In vitro, beta2-m forms two kinds of fibrous structures at acidic pH. One is a rigid "mature fibril", and the other is a flexible thin filament often called an "immature fibril". In addition, a 22-residue peptide (K3 peptide) corresponding to Ser20 to Lys41 of intact beta2-m forms rigid amyloid-like fibrils similar to mature fibrils. We compared the core of these three fibrils at single-residue resolution using a recently developed hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange method with the dissolution of fibrils by dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The exchange time-course of these fibrils showed large deviations from a single exponential curve showing that, because of the supramolecular structures, the same residue exists in different environments from molecule to molecule, even in a single fibril. The exchange profiles revealed that the core of the immature fibril is restricted to a narrow region compared to that of the mature fibril. In contrast, all residues were protected from exchange in the K3 fibril, indicating that a whole region of the peptide is engaged in the beta-sheet network. These results suggest the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation, in which the core beta-sheet formed by a minimal sequence propagates to form a rigid and extensive beta-sheet network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichi Yamaguchi
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kinoshita M. Ordered aggregation of big bodies with high asphericity in small spheres: a possible mechanism of the amyloid fibril formation. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
48
|
Ohhashi Y, Hasegawa K, Naiki H, Goto Y. Optimum amyloid fibril formation of a peptide fragment suggests the amyloidogenic preference of beta2-microglobulin under physiological conditions. J Biol Chem 2003; 279:10814-21. [PMID: 14699107 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310334200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) is a major component of amyloid fibrils deposited in patients with dialysis-related amyloidosis. Although full-length beta(2)m readily forms amyloid fibrils in vitro by seed-dependent extension with a maximum at pH 2.5, fibril formation under physiological conditions as detected in patients has been difficult to reproduce. A 22-residue K3 peptide of beta(2)m, Ser(20)-Lys(41), obtained by digestion with Acromobacter protease I, forms amyloid fibrils without seeding. To obtain further insight into the mechanism of fibril formation, we studied the pH dependence of fibril formation of the K3 peptide and its morphology using a ThT fluorescence assay and electron microscopy, respectively. K3 peptide formed amyloid fibrils over a wide range of pH values with an optimum around pH 7 and contrasted with the pH profile of the seed-dependent extension reaction of full-length beta(2)m. This suggests that once the rigid native-fold of beta(2)m is unfolded and additional factors triggering the nucleation process are provided, full-length beta(2)m discloses an intrinsic potential to form amyloid fibrils at neutral pH. The fibril formation was strongly promoted by dimerization of K3 through Cys(25). The morphology of the fibrils varied depending on the fibril formation conditions and the presence or absence of a disulfide bond. Various fibrils had the potential to seed fibril formation of full-length beta(2)m accompanied with a characteristic lag phase, suggesting that the internal structures are similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Ohhashi
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science Corporation, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lim A, Sengupta S, McComb ME, Théberge R, Wilson WG, Costello CE, Jacobsen DW. In Vitro and in Vivo Interactions of Homocysteine with Human Plasma Transthyretin. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:49707-13. [PMID: 14507924 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m306748200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and an emerging risk factor for cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease. Greater than 70% of the homocysteine in plasma is disulfide-bonded to protein cysteine residues. The identity and functional consequences of protein homocysteinylation are just now emerging. The amyloidogenic protein transthyretin (prealbumin), as we now report, undergoes homocysteinylation at its single cysteine residue (Cys10) both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, when human plasma or highly purified transthyretin was incubated with 35S-L-homocysteine followed by SDS-PAGE and PhosphorImaging, two bands corresponding to transthyretin dimer and tetramer were observed. Treatment of the labeled samples with beta-mercaptoethanol prior to SDS-PAGE removed the disulfide-bound homocysteine. Transthyretin-Cys10-S-S-homocysteine was then identified in vivo in plasma from normal donors, patients with end-stage renal disease, and homocystinurics by immunoprecipitation and high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry. The ratios of transthyretin-Cys10-S-S-homocysteine and transthyretin-Cys10-S-S-sulfonate to that of unmodified transthyretin increased with increasing homocysteine plasma concentrations, whereas the ratio of transthyretin-Cys10-S-S-cysteine to that of unmodified transthyretin decreased. The hyperhomocysteinemic burden is thus reflected in the plasma levels of transthyretin-Cys10-S-S-homocysteine, which in turn may contribute to the pathological consequences of amyloid disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amareth Lim
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chiba T, Hagihara Y, Higurashi T, Hasegawa K, Naiki H, Goto Y. Amyloid fibril formation in the context of full-length protein: effects of proline mutations on the amyloid fibril formation of beta2-microglobulin. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:47016-24. [PMID: 12958308 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m304473200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta2-microglobulin (beta2-m), a typical immunoglobulin domain made of seven beta-strands, is a major component of amyloid fibrils formed in dialysis-related amyloidosis. To understand the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation in the context of full-length protein, we prepared various mutants in which proline (Pro) was introduced to each of the seven beta-strands of beta2-m. The mutations affected the amyloidogenic potential of beta2-m to various degrees. In particular, the L23P, H51P, and V82P mutations significantly retarded fibril extension at pH 2.5. Among these, only L23P is included in the known "minimal" peptide sequence, which can form amyloid fibrils when isolated as a short peptide. This indicates that the residues in regions other than the minimal sequence, such as H51P and V82P, determine the amyloidogenic potential in the full-length protein. To further clarify the mutational effects, we measured their stability against guanidine hydrochloride of the native state at pH 8.0 and the amyloid fibrils at pH 2.5. The amyloidogenicity of mutants showed a significant correlation with the stability of the amyloid fibrils, and little correlation was observed with that of the native state. It has been proposed that the stability of the native state and the unfolding rate to the amyloidogenic precursor as well as the conformational preference of the denatured state determine the amyloidogenicity of the proteins. The present results reveal that, in addition, stability of the amyloid fibrils is a key factor determining the amyloidogenic potential of the proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Chiba
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corp., Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|