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Hosseini MJ, Hassanbeigloo A, Abbasi H, Arjmand A, Sherkat F, Pourahmad J. Mitotherapy inhibits against tenofovir induced nephrotoxicity on rat renal proximal tubular cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101669. [PMID: 38434141 PMCID: PMC10907186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir, as nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), is used to prevent and cure HIV/AIDS. Ample evidence confirmed that the nephrotoxicity of tenofovir has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. It seems that transplantation with healthy mitochondria instead of damaged mitochondria may be a beneficial approach to therapy. Therefore, it decided to investigate the impact of mitotherapy on tenofovir against renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs) toxicity by measurement of oxidative stress and cytotoxicity biomarkers and restoring of mitochondrial function on isolated mitochondria. EC50 of tenofovir was achieved at 40 μM following 2 h incubation in Earle's solution (pH = 7.4; 37 °C). Freshly isolated mitochondria (80 μg/ml) were added to damage RPTCs affected by tenofovir in treated groups. One Way ANOVA analysis showed that healthy mitochondrial transplantation decreased oxidative stress biomarkers following tenofovir toxicity in RPTCs. Our data revealed that mitotherapy makes cell survival possible in RPTCs affected by tenofovir. In addition, it supposed that a novel and ideal strategy for the treatment of chemicals-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Aysan Hassanbeigloo
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Abbasi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Abdollah Arjmand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Indumathi MC, Swetha K, Abhilasha KV, Siddappa S, Kumar SM, Prasad GK, Chen CH, Marathe GK. Selenium Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress via MAPK and Nrf2 Pathways in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2598-2615. [PMID: 37702962 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03845-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Overdose of acetaminophen (paracetamol), a widely used non-prescriptive analgesic and antipyretic medication, is one of the main causes of drug-induced acute liver failure around the world. Oxidative stress contributes to this hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants are known to protect the liver from oxidative stress. Selenium, a potent antioxidant, is a commonly used micronutrient. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of selenium on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Treating Wistar albino mice with sodium selenite (1 mg/kg) before or after inducing hepatotoxicity with acetaminophen (150 mg/kg) significantly reduced the levels of liver injury biomarkers such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase. In addition, selenium-treated mice showed decreased levels of oxidative stress markers such as protein carbonyls and myeloperoxidase. Acetaminophen treatment stimulated all three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Keap1 and decreased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 in liver and in isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages, which was reversed by selenium treatment. Our findings suggest that the reactive oxygen species-mediated Nrf2 and MAPK pathways are critical players in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. These key findings offer an alternative therapeutic target for addressing acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamatam Swetha
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, 8J8C+98P, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Shiva Siddappa
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, 8MV2+MPG, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Bannimantap A Layout, Bannimantap, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Shivamadhaiah Manjula Kumar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, 8J8C+98P, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Govinda Keerthi Prasad
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, 8J8C+98P, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, The Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, 8J8C+98P, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India.
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, 8J8C+JFP, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, Karnataka, India.
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Tiwari A, Albin B, Qubbaj K, Adhikari P, Yang IH. Phytic Acid Maintains Peripheral Neuron Integrity and Enhances Survivability against Platinum-Induced Degeneration via Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species and Enhancing Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1157-1168. [PMID: 38445956 PMCID: PMC10958516 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that are critical for neuroprotection in neuronal disorders. This raises the question of whether PA can effectively protect sensory neurons against chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy treatment often characterized by severe and abnormal pain in hands and feet resulting from peripheral nerve degeneration. Currently, there are no effective treatments available that can prevent or cure peripheral neuropathies other than symptomatic management. Herein, we aim to demonstrate the neuroprotective effects of PA against the neurodegeneration induced by the chemotherapeutics cisplatin (CDDP) and oxaliplatin. Further aims of this study are to provide the proposed mechanism of PA-mediated neuroprotection. The neuronal protection and survivability against CDDP were characterized by axon length measurements and cell body counting of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. A cellular phenotype study was conducted microscopically. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was estimated by fluorogenic probe dichlorofluorescein. Likewise, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed by fluorescent MitoTracker Orange CMTMRos. Similarly, the mitochondria-localized superoxide anion radical in response to CDDP with and without PA was evaluated. The culture of primary DRG neurons with CDDP reduced axon length and overall neuronal survival. However, cotreatment with PA demonstrated that axons were completely protected and showed increased stability up to the 45-day test duration, which is comparable to samples treated with PA alone and control. Notably, PA treatment scavenged the mitochondria-specific superoxide radicals and overall intracellular ROS that were largely induced by CDDP and simultaneously restored MMP. These results are credited to the underlying neuroprotection of PA in a platinum-treated condition. The results also exhibited that PA had a synergistic anticancer effect with CDDP in ovarian cancer in vitro models. For the first time, PA's potency against CDDP-induced PN is demonstrated systematically. The overall findings of this study suggest the application of PA in CIPN prevention and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun
Prasad Tiwari
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering
Science, University of North Carolina at
Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Bayne Albin
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering
Science, University of North Carolina at
Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Khayzaran Qubbaj
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering
Science, University of North Carolina at
Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - Prashant Adhikari
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering
Science, University of North Carolina at
Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
| | - In Hong Yang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering
and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering
Science, University of North Carolina at
Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States
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Takasaki T, Hamabe Y, Touchi K, Khandakar GI, Ueda T, Okada H, Sakai K, Nishio K, Tanabe G, Sugiura R. ACA-28, an ERK MAPK Signaling Modulator, Exerts Anticancer Activity through ROS Induction in Melanoma and Pancreatic Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2024; 2024:7683793. [PMID: 38500550 PMCID: PMC10948229 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7683793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK pathway is dysregulated in various human cancers and is considered an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. Therefore, several inhibitors of this pathway are being developed, and some are already used in the clinic. We have previously identified an anticancer compound, ACA-28, with a unique property to preferentially induce ERK-dependent apoptosis in melanoma cells. To comprehensively understand the biological cellular impact induced by ACA-28, we performed a global gene expression analysis of human melanoma SK-MEL-28 cells exposed to ACA-28 using a DNA microarray. The transcriptome analysis identified nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master transcription factor that combats oxidative stress, as the most upregulated genetic pathway after ACA-28 treatment. Consistently, ACA-28 showed properties to increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as Nrf2 protein, which is normally repressed by proteasomal degradation and activated in response to oxidative stresses. Furthermore, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine significantly attenuated the anticancer activity of ACA-28. Thus, ACA-28 activates Nrf2 signaling and exerts anticancer activity partly via its ROS-stimulating property. Interestingly, human A549 cancer cells with constitutively high levels of Nrf2 protein showed resistance to ACA-28, as compared with SK-MEL-28. Transient overexpression of Nrf2 also increased the resistance of cells to ACA-28, while knockdown of Nrf2 exerted the opposite effect. Thus, upregulation of Nrf2 signaling protects cancer cells from ACA-28-mediated cell death. Notably, the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 substantially enhanced the cell death-inducing property of ACA-28 in pancreatic cancer cells, T3M4 and PANC-1. Our data suggest that Nrf2 plays a key role in determining cancer cell susceptibility to ACA-28 and provides a novel strategy for cancer therapy to combine the Nrf2 inhibitor and ACA-28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Takasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Hamabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kenta Touchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Golam Iftakhar Khandakar
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Anti-Aging Center, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Anti-Aging Center, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuko Sakai
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nishio
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Genzoh Tanabe
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Reiko Sugiura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Anti-Aging Center, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Kazak F, Deveci MZY, Akçakavak G. Eucalyptol alleviates cisplatin-induced kidney damage in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:172-179. [PMID: 36514998 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2156530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of eucalyptol on cisplatin induced kidney damage in Wistar albino rats. The animals were divided into four groups: sham (S), eucalyptol (E), cisplatin (C), and cisplatin + eucalyptol (CE) randomly, six animals in each group. Groups C and CE were received cisplatin (12 mg/kg, a single dose, intraperitoneally (i.p.)). Groups E and CE were treated with eucalyptol (100 mg/kg, for seven days, orally). The blood samples and kidney tissues were collected following sacrification and analyzed histopathologically and biochemically. Histopathological results revealed tubular degeneration and necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, tubular lumen dilatation, enlargement of bowman's space and hyaline cast were significantly irregular in the group C than group S. However, eucalyptol treatment (CE) modulated the alterations in the group C. Serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) were considerably higher in the group C compared to the other groups. There was no significant difference among the other groups statistically (except group C) in terms of BUN and CRE values. Eucalyptol treatment (at 100 mg/kg, for seven days) decreased the cisplatin induced increase in serum BUN and CRE levels and restored the reduced Vit C level and CAT activity of kidneys caused by cisplatin. Thus, eucalyptol's antioxidative, nephroprotective, and curative effects indicated the potential for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kazak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz Deveci
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
- Laboratory Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gökhan Akçakavak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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Chou AH, Lee HC, Liao CC, Yu HP, Liu FC. ERK/NF-kB/COX-2 Signaling Pathway Plays a Key Role in Curcumin Protection against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2150. [PMID: 38004290 PMCID: PMC10672507 DOI: 10.3390/life13112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experimental studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of curcumin on liver injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying curcumin's hepatoprotective effects against APAP-induced liver injury remain to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of curcumin on APAP-induced liver injury using a mouse model. In the experiment, mice were subjected to an intraperitoneal hepatotoxic dose of APAP (300 mg/kg) to induce hepatotoxicity. After 30 min of APAP administration, the mice were treated with different concentrations of curcumin (0, 10, 25, or 50 mg/kg). After 16 h, mice with hepatotoxicity showed elevated levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), hepatic myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF-α, and IL-6, and decreased levels of glutathione (GSH). Moreover, there was an increased infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages following intraperitoneal injection of APAP. However, curcumin-treated mice displayed a pronounced reduction in serum ALT, AST, hepatic MPO, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, coupled with a notable elevation in GSH levels compared to the APAP-treated hepatotoxic mice. Moreover, curcumin treatment led to reduced infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. Additionally, curcumin inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and NF-kB proteins while reducing the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). These findings highlight the hepatoprotective potential of curcumin against APAP-induced liver injury through the suppression of the ERK, NF-kB, and COX-2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Hsun Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (A.-H.C.); (H.-C.L.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-P.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chen Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (A.-H.C.); (H.-C.L.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-P.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chih Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (A.-H.C.); (H.-C.L.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-P.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (A.-H.C.); (H.-C.L.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-P.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (A.-H.C.); (H.-C.L.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-P.Y.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Stefàno E, Cossa LG, De Castro F, De Luca E, Vergaro V, My G, Rovito G, Migoni D, Muscella A, Marsigliante S, Benedetti M, Fanizzi FP. Evaluation of the Antitumor Effects of Platinum-Based [Pt( η1-C 2H 4-OR)(DMSO)(phen)] + (R = Me, Et) Cationic Organometallic Complexes on Chemoresistant Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:5564624. [PMID: 37727647 PMCID: PMC10506884 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5564624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies with an increasing incidence and a high mortality rate, due to its rapid progression, invasiveness, and resistance to anticancer therapies. In this work, we evaluated the antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of the two organometallic compounds, [Pt(η1-C2H4-OMe)(DMSO)(phen)]Cl (1) and [Pt(η1-C2H4-OEt)(DMSO)(phen)]Cl (2), on three human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines with different sensitivity to cisplatin (Mia PaCa-2, PANC-1, and YAPC). The two cationic analogues showed superimposable antiproliferative effects on the tested cells, without significant differences depending on alkyl chain length (Me or Et). On the other hand, they demonstrated to be more effective than cisplatin, especially on YAPC cancer cells. For the interesting cytotoxic activity observed on YAPC, further biological assays were performed, on this cancer cell line, to evaluate the apoptotic and antimetastatic properties of the considered platinum compounds (1 and 2). The cytotoxicity of 1 and 2 compounds appeared to be related to their intracellular accumulation, which was much faster than that of cisplatin. Both 1 and 2 compounds significantly induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, with a high accumulation of sub-G1 phase cells, compared to cisplatin. Moreover, phenanthroline-containing complexes caused a rapid loss of mitochondria membrane potential, ΔΨM, if compared to cisplatin, probably due to their cationic and lipophilic properties. On 3D tumor spheroids, 1 and 2 significantly reduced migrated area more than cisplatin, confirming an antimetastatic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Stefàno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Giulio Cossa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Federica De Castro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Erik De Luca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Viviana Vergaro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giulia My
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianluca Rovito
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Danilo Migoni
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
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Hou YY, Qi SM, Leng J, Shen Q, Tang S, Zhang JT, Hu JN, Jiang S, Li W. Lobetyolin, a Q-marker isolated from Radix Platycodi, exerts protective effects on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. J Nat Med 2023; 77:721-734. [PMID: 37353674 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of lobetyolin (LBT), a Q-marker isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (Radix Platycodi), against cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Results showed that LBT at 20 μM significantly prevented cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity by improving the viability of HEK293 cells, decreasing levels of MDA, and decreasing GSH content triggered by cisplatin. It also suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Molecular docking analysis revealed a strong binding affinity between LBT and the NF-κB protein, with a docking fraction of - 6.5 kcal/mol. These results provide compelling evidence suggesting a potential link between the visualization analysis of LBT and its protective mechanism, specifically implicating the NF-κB signaling pathway. LBT also reduced the expression level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), phosphorylation NF-κB and IκBα in HEK293 cells which were increased by cisplatin exposure, leading to inhibition of inflammation. Furthermore, western blotting showed that LBT antagonized the up-regulation of Bax, cleaved caspase 3, 8, and 9 expression and inhibited the MAPK signaling pathway by down-regulating phosphorylation JNK, ERK, and p38, partially ameliorating cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. Therefore, these results indicate that LBT has potentially protected renal function by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yi Hou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Si-Min Qi
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jing Leng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qiong Shen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shan Tang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jing-Tian Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, 130118, China.
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9
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Ma DJ, Hwang JS, Noh KB, Oh SH, Kim KW, Shin YJ. Role of NADPH Oxidase 4 in Corneal Endothelial Cells Is Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1228. [PMID: 37371958 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human corneal-endothelial cells (hCEnCs) are located on the inner layer of the cornea. Injury to CEnCs leads to permanent corneal edema, requiring corneal transplantation. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) has been reported to be implicated in the pathogenesis of CEnCs diseases. Thus, we investigated the role of NOX4 in CEnCs in this study. In an animal study, siRNA for NOX4 (siNOX4) or plasmid for NOX4 (pNOX4) was introduced into the corneal endothelium of rats by electroporation, using a square-wave electroporator (ECM830, Havard apparatus) to decrease or increase the expression of NOX4, respectively, and the rat corneas were cryoinjured through contact with a metal rod of 3 mm diameter frozen in liquid nitrogen for 10 min. The immunofluorescence staining of NOX4 and 8-OHdG showed that the levels of NOX4 and 8-OHdG were decreased in the siNOX4 group compared to the siControl, and increased in the pNOX4 group compared to the pControl at one week after treatment. Without cryoinjury, corneal opacity was more severe, and the density of CEnCs was lower, in pNOX4-treated rats compared to pControl. After cryoinjury, the corneas were more transparent, and the CEnC density was higher, in siNOX4-treated rats. The hCEnCs were cultured and transfected with siNOX4 and pNOX4. The silencing of NOX4 in hCEnCs resulted in a normal cell shape, higher viability, and higher proliferation rate than those transfected with the siControl, while NOX4 overexpression had the opposite effect. NOX4 overexpression increased the number of senescent cells and intracellular oxidative stress levels. NOX4 overexpression increased ATF4 and ATF6 levels, and nuclear translocation of XBP-1, which is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker, while the silencing of NOX4 had the opposite effect. Additionally, the mitochondrial membrane potential was hyperpolarized by the silencing of NOX4, and depolarized by NOX4 overexpression. The LC3II levels, a marker of autophagy, were decreased by the silencing of NOX4, and increased by NOX4 overexpression. In conclusion, NOX4 plays a pivotal role in the wound-healing and senescence of hCEnCs, by modulating oxidative stress, ER stress, and autophagy. The regulation of NOX4 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for regulating the homeostasis of CEnCs, and treating corneal-endothelial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Joong Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Bo Noh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Wook Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07442, Republic of Korea
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10
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Arjmand A, Faizi M, Rezaei M, Pourahmad J. The Effect of Donor Rat Gender in Mitochondrial Transplantation Therapy of Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity on Rat Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e135666. [PMID: 38148888 PMCID: PMC10750785 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-135666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity has been linked to a fundamental mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction. A treatment called mitochondrial transplantation therapy can be used to replace damaged mitochondria with healthy mitochondria. Mitochondrial-related diseases may benefit from this approach. Objectives We investigated the effect of mitochondrial transplantation on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity using freshly isolated mitochondria obtained from renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs). Methods Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that direct exposure of healthy mitochondria to cisplatin-affected RPTCs might improve cytotoxicity markers and restore mitochondrial function. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to determine whether newly isolated mitochondrial transplantation protected RPTCs from cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. The supply of exogenous rat kidney mitochondria to cisplatin-affected RPTCs was also a goal of this study to investigate the possibility of gender differences. After the addition of cisplatin (100 µM), rat RPTCs (106 cells/mL) were suspended in Earle's solution (pH = 7.4) at 37°C for two hours. Freshly isolated mitochondria were extracted at 4°C and diluted in 100 and 200 µg/mL mitochondrial protein. Results Statistical analysis revealed that transplantation of healthy mitochondria decreased ROS level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, MDA level, glutathione depletion, lysosomal membrane damage, and caspase-3 activity induced by cisplatin in rat RPTCs. In addition, our results demonstrated that transplantation of female rat kidney mitochondria has higher protective activity at reducing toxicity parameters than male mitochondria. Conclusions The findings reaffirmed that mitochondrial transplantation is a novel, potential, and promising therapeutic strategy for xenobiotic-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Arjmand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zeng J, Huang H, Zhang Y, Lv X, Cheng J, Zou SJ, Han Y, Wang S, Gong L, Peng Z. Dapagliflozin alleviates renal fibrosis in a mouse model of adenine-induced renal injury by inhibiting TGF-β1/MAPK mediated mitochondrial damage. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1095487. [PMID: 36959860 PMCID: PMC10028454 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1095487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological outcome of various chronic kidney diseases, and as yet, there is no specific treatment. Dapagliflozin has shown renal protection in some clinical trials as a glucose-lowering drug, but its role and mechanism on renal fibrosis remain unclear. In this study, we used a 0.2% adenine diet-induced renal fibrosis mouse model to investigate whether dapagliflozin could protect renal function and alleviate renal fibrosis in this animal model. In vivo, we found that dapagliflozin's protective effect on renal fibrosis was associated with 1) sustaining mitochondrial integrity and respiratory chain complex expression, maintained the amount of mitochondria; 2) improving fatty acid oxidation level with increased expression of CPT1-α, PPAR-α, ACOX1, and ACOX2; 3) reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, likely via regulation of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, cxcl-1 expression, and glutathione (GSH) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; and 4) inhibiting the activation of the TGF-β1/MAPK pathway. In HK2 cells treated with TGF-β1, dapagliflozin reduced the expression of FN and α-SMA, improved mitochondrial respiratory chain complex expression, and inhibited activation of the TGF-β1/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiawei Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Si Jue Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songkai Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangzhe Peng,
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12
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Gastrodin Alleviates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in a Mouse Model Through Inhibiting MAPK and Enhancing Nrf2 Pathways. Inflammation 2022; 45:1450-1462. [PMID: 35474551 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodin is a major active phenolic glycoside extract from Gastrodia elata, an important herb used in traditional medicine. Previous research has reported that gastrodin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in a mouse model. Mice included in this study were intraperitoneally administered with a hepatotoxic APAP dose (300 mg/kg). At 30 min after APAP administration, gastrodin was intraperitoneally injected at concentrations of 0, 15, 30, and 45 mg/kg. Then, all mice were sacrificed at 16 h after APAP injection for further analysis. The results showed that gastrodin treatment ameliorated acute liver injury caused by APAP, as indicated by serum alanine aminotransferase level, hepatic myeloperoxidase activity, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) production. It also significantly decreased hepatic malondialdehyde activity but increased superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, gastrodin decreased ERK/JNK MAPK expression but promoted Nrf2 expression. These results demonstrated that gastrodin may be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity via amelioration of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, inhibition of ERK/JNK MAPK signaling pathways, and activation of Nrf2 expression levels.
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13
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Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel hydrazone linkage-based aryl sulfonate derivatives as apoptosis inducers. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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14
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γ-Tocotrienol Protects against Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Energy Deficits, Morphological Damage, and Decreases in Renal Functions after Renal Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312674. [PMID: 34884479 PMCID: PMC8657889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion in the kidney result in disruption of primary functions and acute injury of the kidney. This study tested whether γ-tocotrienol (GTT), a member of the vitamin E family, protects mitochondrial function, reduces ATP deficits, and improves renal functions and survival after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Vehicle or GTT (200 mg/kg) were administered to mice 12 h before bilateral kidney ischemia, and endpoints were assessed at different timepoints of reperfusion. GTT treatment reduced decreases in state 3 respiration and accelerated recovery of this function after ischemia. GTT prevented decreases in activities of complexes I and III of the respiratory chain, and blocked ischemia-induced decreases in F0F1-ATPase activity and ATP content in renal cortical tissue. GTT improved renal morphology at 72 h after ischemia, reduced numbers of necrotic proximal tubular and inflammatory cells, and enhanced tubular regeneration. GTT treatment ameliorated increases in plasma creatinine levels and accelerated recovery of creatinine levels after ischemia. Lastly, 89% of mice receiving GTT and 70% of those receiving vehicle survived ischemia. Conclusions: Our data show novel observations that GTT administration improves mitochondrial respiration, prevents ATP deficits, promotes tubular regeneration, ameliorates decreases in renal functions, and increases survival after acute kidney injury in mice.
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15
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Yuan J, Liang X, Zhou W, Feng J, Wang Z, Shen S, Guan X, Zhao L, Deng F. TRPA1 promotes cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inflammation mediated by the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1578. [PMID: 34790784 PMCID: PMC8576655 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin (DDP) has been a severe obstacle for its clinical use in anticancer treatment. The apoptosis and inflammation induced by DDP are the main causes of the nephrotoxicity. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a non-selective cation ligand-gated channel that is involved in the inflammation progress. Methods The apoptosis, inflammation, MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, and TRPA1 expression were assessed after HEK293 cells had been induced by DDP, and the role of TRPA1 in apoptosis and inflammation of DDP-induced HEK293 cells treated with TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 was also evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), flow cytometry, and western blot assays. Results The cell viability was reduced by DDP in both a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner with a minimal cytotoxic concentration of 10 μM. Moreover, DDP induced an enhancement of the apoptosis and inflammation in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by the increase of the relative protein level of cleaved-caspase3 (cleaved-cas3), the cleavage product of caspase-3 substrate poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (cleaved-PARP) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (INF-γ). Additionally, DDP treatment increased the protein phosphorylation expression of IKKβ, JNK, ERK, and p38 in a dose-dependent manner, which was antagonized by the treatment of NF-κB-specific inhibitor BAY 11-7082 and pan-MAPK inhibitor U0126. It was also found that DDP upregulated the expression of TRPA1 at both the mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, block of TRPA1 with HC-030031 relieved the apoptosis, diminished the level of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and INF-γ, reduced the level of cleaved-cas3, cleaved-PARP, and iNOS, decreased the p-IKKβ, p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38 expression, and enhanced the expression of IκBα. Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate that TRPA1 regulates DDP-induced nephrotoxicity via inflammation mediated by the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaoxian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Jinniu Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and Chengdu Jinniu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Jinniu Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and Chengdu Jinniu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangbin Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Nephrology, Jinniu Hospital of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and Chengdu Jinniu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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16
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Abouzed TK, Sherif EAE, Barakat MES, Sadek KM, Aldhahrani A, Nasr NE, Eldomany E, Khailo K, Dorghamm DA. Assessment of gentamicin and cisplatin-induced kidney damage mediated via necrotic and apoptosis genes in albino rats. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:350. [PMID: 34784920 PMCID: PMC8594120 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gentamicin (GM) is a low-cost, low-resistance antibiotic commonly used to treat gram-negative bacterial diseases. Cisplatin (Csp) is a platinum-derived anti-neoplastic agent. This experiment aimed to identify the early signs of gentamicin and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 10: a control group, which received no treatment; a gentamicin group administered by a dose of (100 mg/kg, IP) for 7 consecutive days, and a cisplatin group was administered intraperitoneal in a dose of (1.5 mg/kg body weight) repeated twice a week for 3 weeks. RESULTS Both experimental groups exhibited increased levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid, with the cisplatin-treated group showing higher levels than the gentamicin group. Experimental groups also exhibited significantly increased Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) with more pronounced effects in the cisplatin-treated group. Further, both experimental groups exhibited significant up-regulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α), caspase-3, and Bax and down regulation of Bcl-2. CONCLUSION These findings confirm the use of necrotic, apoptotic genes as early biomarkers in the detection of tubular kidney damage. Further, cisplatin was shown to have a greater nephrotoxic effect than gentamicin; therefore, its use should be constrained accordingly when co-administered with gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Kamal Abouzed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Eman Abd Elrahman Sherif
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El Sayed Barakat
- Biochemistry Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Kafrelsheikh branch. Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Kadry Mohamed Sadek
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical laboratory science Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasr Elsayed Nasr
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ehab Eldomany
- Department of Biotechnology and Life science, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science Beni-suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
| | - Khaled Khailo
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Doaa Abdallha Dorghamm
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Thongnuanjan P, Soodvilai S, Fongsupa S, Thipboonchoo N, Chabang N, Munyoo B, Tuchinda P, Soodvilai S. Panduratin A Derivative Protects against Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Renal Proximal Tubular Cells and Kidney Injury in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:6642. [PMID: 34771049 PMCID: PMC8588142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panduratin A is a bioactive cyclohexanyl chalcone exhibiting several pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-cancer activities. Recently, the nephroprotective effect of panduratin A in cisplatin (CDDP) treatment was revealed. The present study examined the potential of certain compounds derived from panduratin A to protect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. METHODS Three derivatives of panduratin A (DD-217, DD-218, and DD-219) were semi-synthesized from panduratin A. We investigated the effects and corresponding mechanisms of the derivatives of panduratin A for preventing nephrotoxicity of CDDP in both immortalized human renal proximal tubular cells (RPTEC/TERT1 cells) and mice. RESULTS Treating the cell with 10 µM panduratin A significantly reduced the viability of RPTEC/TERT1 cells compared to control (panduratin A: 72% ± 4.85%). Interestingly, DD-217, DD-218, and DD-219 at the same concentration did not significantly affect cell viability (92% ± 8.44%, 90% ± 7.50%, and 87 ± 5.2%, respectively). Among those derivatives, DD-218 exhibited the most protective effect against CDDP-induced renal proximal tubular cell apoptosis (control: 57% ± 1.23%; DD-218: 19% ± 10.14%; DD-219: 33% ± 14.06%). The cytoprotective effect of DD-218 was mediated via decreases in CDDP-induced mitochondria dysfunction, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, activation of ERK1/2, and cleaved-caspase 3 and 7. In addition, DD-218 attenuated CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by a decrease in renal injury and improved in renal dysfunction in C57BL/6 mice. Importantly, DD-218 did not attenuate the anti-cancer efficacy of CDDP in non-small-cell lung cancer cells or colon cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests that DD-218, a derivative of panduratin A, holds promise as an adjuvant therapy in patients receiving CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penjai Thongnuanjan
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Sirima Soodvilai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani 12000, Thailand;
| | - Somsak Fongsupa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Natechanok Thipboonchoo
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Napason Chabang
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Bamroong Munyoo
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.M.); (P.T.)
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ERK: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer. ERK-Dependent Apoptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102509. [PMID: 34685488 PMCID: PMC8533760 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular processes as exemplified by cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Activation of ERK1/2 generally promotes cell proliferation, and its deregulated activity is a hallmark of many cancers. Therefore, components and regulators of the ERK pathway are considered potential therapeutic targets for cancer, and inhibitors of this pathway, including some MEK and BRAF inhibitors, are already being used in the clinic. Notably, ERK1/2 kinases also have pro-apoptotic functions under certain conditions and enhanced ERK1/2 signaling can cause tumor cell death. Although the repertoire of the compounds which mediate ERK activation and apoptosis is expanding, and various anti-cancer compounds induce ERK activation while exerting their anti-proliferative effects, the mechanisms underlying ERK1/2-mediated cell death are still vague. Recent studies highlight the importance of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) in determining the pro- versus anti-apoptotic function of ERK in cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent major findings in understanding the role of ERK in apoptosis, focusing on the major compounds mediating ERK-dependent apoptosis. Studies that further define the molecular targets of these compounds relevant to cell death will be essential to harnessing these compounds for developing effective cancer treatments.
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Adhikari A, Mondal S, Chatterjee T, Das M, Biswas P, Ghosh R, Darbar S, Alessa H, Althakafy JT, Sayqal A, Ahmed SA, Das AK, Bhattacharyya M, Pal SK. Redox nanomedicine ameliorates chronic kidney disease (CKD) by mitochondrial reconditioning in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1013. [PMID: 34446827 PMCID: PMC8390471 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) while maintaining cellular redox signaling is crucial in the development of redox medicine as the origin of several prevailing diseases including chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to ROS imbalance and associated mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we have shown that a potential nanomedicine comprising of Mn3O4 nanoparticles duly functionalized with biocompatible ligand citrate (C-Mn3O4 NPs) can maintain cellular redox balance in an animal model of oxidative injury. We developed a cisplatin-induced CKD model in C57BL/6j mice with severe mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative distress leading to the pathogenesis. Four weeks of treatment with C-Mn3O4 NPs restored renal function, preserved normal kidney architecture, ameliorated overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and arrested glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. A detailed study involving human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells and isolated mitochondria from experimental animals revealed that the molecular mechanism behind the pharmacological action of the nanomedicine involves protection of structural and functional integrity of mitochondria from oxidative damage, subsequent reduction in intracellular ROS, and maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. To the best of our knowledge, such studies that efficiently treated a multifaceted disease like CKD using a biocompatible redox nanomedicine are sparse in the literature. Successful clinical translation of this nanomedicine may open a new avenue in redox-mediated therapeutics of several other diseases (e.g., diabetic nephropathy, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease) where oxidative distress plays a central role in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Adhikari
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Monojit Das
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, India
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Rangamati, Midnapore, India
| | - Pritam Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Kolkata, India
| | - Ria Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumendra Darbar
- Research & Development Division, Dey's Medical Stores (Mfg.) Ltd, Kolkata, India
| | - Hussain Alessa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalal T Althakafy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Sayqal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Department of Pathology, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India.
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, India.
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20
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Deng F, Zheng X, Sharma I, Dai Y, Wang Y, Kanwar YS. Regulated cell death in cisplatin-induced AKI: relevance of myo-inositol metabolism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F578-F595. [PMID: 33615890 PMCID: PMC8083971 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00016.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD), distinct from accidental cell death, refers to a process of well-controlled programmed cell death with well-defined pathological mechanisms. In the past few decades, various terms for RCDs were coined, and some of them have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various types of acute kidney injury (AKI). Cisplatin is widely used as a chemotherapeutic drug for a broad spectrum of cancers, but its usage was hampered because of being highly nephrotoxic. Cisplatin-induced AKI is commonly seen clinically, and it also serves as a well-established prototypic model for laboratory investigations relevant to acute nephropathy affecting especially the tubular compartment. Literature reports over a period of three decades have indicated that there are multiple types of RCDs, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial permeability transition-mediated necrosis, and some of them are pertinent to the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced AKI. Interestingly, myo-inositol metabolism, a vital biological process that is largely restricted to the kidney, seems to be relevant to the pathogenesis of certain forms of RCDs. A comprehensive understanding of RCDs in cisplatin-induced AKI and their relevance to myo-inositol homeostasis may yield novel therapeutic targets for the amelioration of cisplatin-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Deng
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaoping Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Isha Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yingbo Dai
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yinhuai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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21
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TLR4-NLRP3-GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis Plays an Important Role in Aggravated Liver Injury of CD38 -/- Sepsis Mice. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6687555. [PMID: 33860064 PMCID: PMC8026301 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, severe bacterial infection can cause septicemia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, especially liver injury. CD38 is closely related to many inflammatory pathways, but its role in liver injury caused by bacterial infection remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to discuss the specific role of CD38 in bacterial liver injury. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice (WT, CD38−/− and CD38−/−TLR4mut) were used and stimulated with Escherichia coli (ATCC25922) or PBS, intraperitoneally. After 3 hours of bacterial stimulation, serum was collected to detect ALT and AST concentration, and liver tissue was harvested for hematoxylin and eosin staining and bacterial culture. The mRNA expressions of TLR4, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and GSDMD were quantitatively determined by RT-qPCR. The expressions of TLR4, MyD88, TRIF, NF-κB p65, NLRP3, GSDMD, and cytokines were detected by Western blot. The expression and localization of ERK1/2 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The results showed that bacterial stimulation could upregulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines, leading to hepatic dysfunction. Moreover, bacterial stimulation of CD38-deficient mice can aggravate the inflammatory response, the expressions of TLR4, NF-κB, and ERK1/2 were significantly increased, and the biomarkers related to pyroptosis also manifested more obvious pyroptosis. However, TLR4 mutation significantly alleviated inflammation and pyroptosis in the liver caused by bacteria, on the basis of CD38 deficiency. Overall, CD38 knockout exacerbates bacteria-induced liver damage through TLR4-NLRP3-GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis.
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22
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Tchounwou PB, Dasari S, Noubissi FK, Ray P, Kumar S. Advances in Our Understanding of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Cisplatin in Cancer Therapy. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:303-328. [PMID: 33776489 PMCID: PMC7987268 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s267383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs have been used extensively for the treatment of human cancers such as bladder, blood, breast, cervical, esophageal, head and neck, lung, ovarian, testicular cancers, and sarcoma. Cisplatin is commonly administered intravenously as a first-line chemotherapy for patients suffering from various malignancies. Upon absorption into the cancer cell, cisplatin interacts with cellular macromolecules and exerts its cytotoxic effects through a series of biochemical mechanisms by binding to Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and forming intra-strand DNA adducts leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell growth. Its primary molecular mechanism of action has been associated with the induction of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis resulting from the production of reactive oxygen species through lipid peroxidation, activation of various signal transduction pathways, induction of p53 signaling and cell cycle arrest, upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes/proteins, and down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and anti-apoptotic genes/proteins. Despite great clinical outcomes, many studies have reported substantial side effects associated with cisplatin monotherapy, while others have shown substantial drug resistance in some cancer patients. Hence, new formulations and several combinational therapies with other drugs have been tested for the purpose of improving the clinical utility of cisplatin. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms of action in cancer therapy and discusses the therapeutic approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Tchounwou
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Shaloam Dasari
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Felicite K Noubissi
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Paresh Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Earth, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
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23
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Guo W, Wang Q, Pan S, Li J, Wang Y, Shu Y, Chen J, Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhang X, Yue J. The ERK1/2-ATG13-FIP200 signaling cascade is required for autophagy induction to protect renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6932-6947. [PMID: 33682133 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, is known to regulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes. At present, the function and the precise mechanism of autophagy regulation in kidney and renal cells remain elusive. Here, we explored the role of ERK1 and ERK2 (referred as ERK1/2 hereafter) in autophagy regulation in renal cells in response to hypoglycemia. Glucose starvation potently and transiently activated ERK1/2 in renal cells, and this was concomitant with an increase in autophagic flux. Perturbing ERK1/2 activation by treatment with inhibitors of RAF or MEK1/2, via the expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of MEK1/2 or RAS, blocked hypoglycemia-mediated ERK1/2 activation and autophagy induction in renal cells. Glucose starvation also induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in renal cells, which was involved in the activation of the ERK1/2 cascade and the induction of autophagy in renal cells. Interestingly, ATG13 and FIP200, the members of the ULK1 complex, contain the ERK consensus phosphorylation sites, and glucose starvation induced an association between ATG13 or FIP200 and ERK1/2. Moreover, the expression of the phospho-defective mutants of ATG13 and FIP200 in renal cells blocked glucose starvation-induced autophagy and rendered cells more susceptible to hypoglycemia-induced cell death. However, the expression of the phospho-mimic mutants of ATG13 and FIP200 induced autophagy and protected renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death. Taken together, our results demonstrate that hypoglycemia activates the ERK1/2 signaling to regulate ATG13 and FIP200, thereby stimulating autophagy to protect the renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shihua Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahai Shu
- Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaheng Chen
- Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qizheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China
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24
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Thongnuanjan P, Soodvilai S, Fongsupa S, Chabang N, Vivithanaporn P, Tuchinda P, Soodvilai S. Protective Effect of Panduratin A on Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Human Renal Proximal Tubular Cells and Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:830-837. [PMID: 34078815 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapy but its main side effect, acute kidney injury, limits its use. Panduratin A, a bioactive compound extracted from Boesenbergia rotunda, shows several biological activities such as anti-oxidative effects. The present study investigated the nephroprotective effect of panduratin A on cisplatin-induced renal injury. METHODS We investigated the effect of panduratin A on the toxicity of cisplatin in both mice and human renal cell cultures using RPTEC/TERT1 cells. RESULTS The results demonstrated that panduratin A ameliorates cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in both mice and RPTEC/TERT1 cells by reducing apoptosis. Mice treated with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg body weight (BW)) exhibited renal tubule injury and impaired kidney function as shown by histological examination and increased serum creatinine. Co-administration of panduratin A (50 mg/kg BW) orally improved kidney function and ameliorated renal tubule injury of cisplatin by inhibiting activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and caspase 3. In human renal proximal tubular cells, cisplatin induced cell apoptosis by activating pro-apoptotic proteins (ERK1/2 and caspase 3), and reducing the anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). These effects were significantly ameliorated by co-treatment with panduratin A. Interestingly, panduratin A did not alter intracellular accumulation of cisplatin. It did not alter the anti-cancer efficacy of cisplatin in either human colon or non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights panduratin A has a potential protective effect on cisplatin's nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penjai Thongnuanjan
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Mahidol University
| | - Sirima Soodvilai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University
| | - Somsak Fongsupa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus
| | - Napason Chabang
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
| | - Pornpun Vivithanaporn
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
| | | | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Mahidol University
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University
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25
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Abo-Elmaaty AMA, Behairy A, El-Naseery NI, Abdel-Daim MM. The protective efficacy of vitamin E and cod liver oil against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44412-44426. [PMID: 32767013 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent against neoplasms, but its clinical utility is limited due to the side effects of its dose-dependent nephrotoxicity. Vitamin E (Vit E) and cod liver oil (CLO) are natural substances with chemoprotective effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Vit E and/or CLO for CP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. This study involved 40 mature male Wistar albino rats that were equally allocated into eight groups: Veh, Vit E, CLO, Vit E + CLO, CP, Vit E + CP, CLO + CP, and Vit E + CLO + CP. The co-administration of Vit E and CLO significantly ameliorated CP-induced elevations in serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin- 6 (IL-6). Further, rats that received Vit E and/or CLO showed significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels in renal tissues, compared to CP-intoxicated rats. Additionally, the treatment restored the normal histological architecture (except for few cast formations) and upregulated the immunostaining area% of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and downregulated the immunostaining area% of Bcl2 associated X protein (BAX) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The observed effects were stronger in the combination treatment group. The obtained data revealed that Vit E and CLO co-administration protects against the CP-induced AKI more than monotherapy with Vit E or CLO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M A Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Nesma I El-Naseery
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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26
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Bhatia D, Capili A, Choi ME. Mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney injury, inflammation, and disease: Potential therapeutic approaches. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2020; 39:244-258. [PMID: 32868492 PMCID: PMC7530368 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.20.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles that not only satisfy the high metabolic demands of the kidney but sense and respond to kidney injury-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Kidneys are rich in mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the progression of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Mitochondrial responses to specific stimuli are highly regulated and synergistically modulated by tightly interconnected processes, including mitochondrial dynamics (fission, fusion) and mitophagy. The counterbalance between these processes is essential in maintaining a healthy network of mitochondria. Recent literature suggests that alterations in mitochondrial dynamics are implicated in kidney injury and the progression of kidney diseases. A decrease in mitochondrial fusion promotes fission-induced mitochondrial fragmentation, but a reduction in mitochondrial fission produces excessive mitochondrial elongation. The removal of dysfunctional mitochondria by mitophagy is crucial for their quality control. Defective mitochondrial function disrupts cellular redox potential and can cause cell death. Mitochondrial DNA derived from damaged cells also act as damage-associated molecular patterns to recruit immune cells and the inflammatory response can further exaggerate kidney injury. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. We discuss the processes that control mitochondrial stress responses to kidney injury and review recent advances in understanding the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammation and tissue damage through the use of different experimental models of kidney disease. We also describe potential mitochondria-targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bhatia
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allyson Capili
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary E. Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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27
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Liu FC, Yu HP, Chou AH, Lee HC, Liao CC. Corilagin reduces acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through MAPK and NF- κB signaling pathway in a mouse model. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5597-5607. [PMID: 33042441 PMCID: PMC7540130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Corilagin is a major active polyphenolic tannins extracted from Phyllanthus urinaria, an important herb used in traditional medicine. Previous reports demonstrated that corilagin possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate its hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice. Mice included in this study were intraperitoneally injected with a hepatotoxic APAP dose (300 mg/kg). After a 30 min of APAP administration, corilagin was injected intraperitoneally at concentrations of 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. Then, after 16 h of corilagin treatment, mice were sacrificed for further analysis. APAP overdose significantly elevated the serum ALT level, hepatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) activity, and ERK/JNK MAPK and NF-κB protein expressions. Corilagin treatment significantly decreased these parameters in a dose-dependent manner (1-20 mg/kg). This study demonstrated that corilagin may be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by down-regulating the inflammatory response and by inhibiting ERK/JNK MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - An-Hsun Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chen Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chih Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
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28
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Awad AM, Saleh MA, Abu-Elsaad NM, Ibrahim TM. Erlotinib can halt adenine induced nephrotoxicity in mice through modulating ERK1/2, STAT3, p53 and apoptotic pathways. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11524. [PMID: 32661331 PMCID: PMC7359038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a failed regenerative process that facilitates chronic kidney disease progression. The current study was designed to study the effect of erlotinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on the progression of renal fibrosis. The study included four groups of mice: control group; adenine group: received adenine (0.2% w/w) daily with food for 4 weeks; erlotinib group: received 80 mg/kg/day erlotinib orally (6 ml/kg/day, 1.3% w/v suspension in normal saline 0.9%) for 4 weeks; adenine + erlotinib group: received adenine and erlotinib concurrently. Kidney function and antioxidant biomarkers were measured. Renal expression of Bcl2 and p53 and histopathological changes (tubular injury and renal fibrosis) were scored. Renal tissue levels of transforming growth factor-β1, p-ERK1/2 and p-STAT3 were measured. Results obtained showed significant decrease (P < 0.001) in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid in erlotinib + adenine group. Level of malondialdehyde was decreased significantly (P < 0.001) while reduced glutathione and catalase levels were increased (P < 0.01) by erlotinib concurrent administration. Erlotinib markedly reduced fibrosis and tubular injury and decreased TGF-β1, p-ERK1/2 and p-STAT3 (P < 0.5). In addition, expression level of Bcl-2 was elevated (P < 0.001) while that of p53-was reduced compared to adenine alone. Erlotinib can attenuate renal fibrosis development and progression through anti-fibrotic, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Awad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, Eldakahlia, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Saleh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, Eldakahlia, 35516, Egypt.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nashwa M Abu-Elsaad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, Eldakahlia, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Tarek M Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, Eldakahlia, 35516, Egypt
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29
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Nath S, Pigula M, Khan AP, Hanna W, Ruhi MK, Dehkordy FM, Pushpavanam K, Rege K, Moore K, Tsujita Y, Conrad C, Inci F, del Carmen MG, Franco W, Celli JP, Demirci U, Hasan T, Huang HC, Rizvi I. Flow-induced Shear Stress Confers Resistance to Carboplatin in an Adherent Three-Dimensional Model for Ovarian Cancer: A Role for EGFR-Targeted Photoimmunotherapy Informed by Physical Stress. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040924. [PMID: 32231055 PMCID: PMC7230263 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A key reason for the persistently grim statistics associated with metastatic ovarian cancer is resistance to conventional agents, including platinum-based chemotherapies. A major source of treatment failure is the high degree of genetic and molecular heterogeneity, which results from significant underlying genomic instability, as well as stromal and physical cues in the microenvironment. Ovarian cancer commonly disseminates via transcoelomic routes to distant sites, which is associated with the frequent production of malignant ascites, as well as the poorest prognosis. In addition to providing a cell and protein-rich environment for cancer growth and progression, ascitic fluid also confers physical stress on tumors. An understudied area in ovarian cancer research is the impact of fluid shear stress on treatment failure. Here, we investigate the effect of fluid shear stress on response to platinum-based chemotherapy and the modulation of molecular pathways associated with aggressive disease in a perfusion model for adherent 3D ovarian cancer nodules. Resistance to carboplatin is observed under flow with a concomitant increase in the expression and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as well as downstream signaling members mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The uptake of platinum by the 3D ovarian cancer nodules was significantly higher in flow cultures compared to static cultures. A downregulation of phospho-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), vinculin, and phospho-paxillin was observed following carboplatin treatment in both flow and static cultures. Interestingly, low-dose anti-EGFR photoimmunotherapy (PIT), a targeted photochemical modality, was found to be equally effective in ovarian tumors grown under flow and static conditions. These findings highlight the need to further develop PIT-based combinations that target the EGFR, and sensitize ovarian cancers to chemotherapy in the context of flow-induced shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Nath
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Michael Pigula
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Amjad P. Khan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - William Hanna
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (W.H.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
| | - Farzaneh Mahmoodpoor Dehkordy
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Karthik Pushpavanam
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaushal Rege
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kaitlin Moore
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Yujiro Tsujita
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Christina Conrad
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.C.); (H.-C.H.)
| | - Fatih Inci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (F.I.); (U.D.)
| | - Marcela G. del Carmen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Walfre Franco
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA; (W.H.); (J.P.C.)
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; (F.I.); (U.D.)
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; (C.C.); (H.-C.H.)
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.P.); (A.P.K.); (M.K.R.); (F.M.D.); (K.M.); (Y.T.); (W.F.); (T.H.)
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence:
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Li BX, Zhang H, Liu Y, Li Y, Zheng JJ, Li WX, Feng K, Sun M, Dai SX. Novel pathways of HIV latency reactivation revealed by integrated analysis of transcriptome and target profile of bryostatin. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3511. [PMID: 32103135 PMCID: PMC7044323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactivation of HIV latency cell will be necessary to curing HIV infection. Although many latency-reversal agents (LRAs) have proven effective to reactivate the latency cell, there is a lack of any systematic analysis of the molecular targets of these LRAs and related pathways in the context of transcriptome. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of the target profile of bryostatin and transcriptome of the reactivated CD4+ T cells after exposing to bryostatin. The result showed a distinct gene expression profile between latency cells and bryostatin reactivated cells. We found bryostatin can target multiple types of protein other than only protein kinase C. Functional network analysis of the target profile and differential expressed genes suggested that bryostatin may activate a few novel pathways such as pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism and p53 signaling pathway, besides commonly known pathways DNA replication, cell cycle and so on. The results suggest that bryostatin may reactivate the HIV-latent cells through up-regulation of pyrimidine and purine metabolism or through starting the cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by up-regulation of p53 signaling pathway. Our study provides some novel insights into the role of bryostatin and its affected pathways in controlling HIV latency and reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Xiang Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yubin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun-Juan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.
| | - Shao-Xing Dai
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Tomar A, Kaushik S, Khan SI, Bisht K, Nag TC, Arya DS, Bhatia J. The dietary isoflavone daidzein mitigates oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in CDDP-induced kidney injury in rats: Impact of the MAPK signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 34:e22431. [PMID: 31833131 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity persists as a clinical problem despite several supportive measures to alleviate renal damage. Daidzein (DZ), a dietary isoflavone having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, is investigated in this study for protective effects against cisplatin-induced renal injury in rats. DZ (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg; intraperitoneally; 10 days) was administered along with Cisplatin, single dose, on the 7th day of the experiment. On the 11th day, the rats were euthanized, and different samples were collected for analysis. Biochemical, histopathological, and molecular parameters were assessed to evaluate the effect of daidzein. Cisplatin injection resulted in renal dysfunction, lipid peroxidation that led to consumption of antioxidants, exaggerated apoptosis, and inflammation. These changes were associated with increase in the signaling proteins. DZ attenuated the toxic effects of cisplatin on the kidney at 100 mg/kg dose. The study concludes with the finding that daidzein imparts protection against the nephrotoxic effect of Cisplatin and can be considered as a novel, potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameesha Tomar
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Kaushik
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Irfan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushboo Bisht
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Nowak G, Megyesi J. Protein kinase Cα mediates recovery of renal and mitochondrial functions following acute injury. FEBS J 2019; 287:1830-1849. [PMID: 31659858 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that active protein kinase Cα (PKCα) promotes recovery of mitochondrial function after injury in vitro [Nowak G & Bakajsova D (2012) Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 303, F515-F526]. This study examined whether PKCα regulates recovery of mitochondrial and kidney functions after ischemia-induced acute injury (AKI) in vivo. Markers of kidney injury were increased after bilateral ischemia and returned to normal levels in wild-type (WT) mice. Maximum mitochondrial respiration and activities of respiratory complexes and Fo F1 -ATPase decreased after ischemia and recovered in WT mice. Reperfusion after ischemia was accompanied by translocation of active PKCα to mitochondria. PKCα deletion reduced mitochondrial respiration and activities of respiratory complex I and Fo F1 -ATPase in noninjured kidneys, indicating that PKCα is essential in developing fully functional renal mitochondria. These changes in PKCα-deficient mice were accompanied by lower levels of complex I subunits (NDUFA9 and NDUFS3) and the γ-subunit of Fo F1 -ATPase. Also, lack of PKCα exacerbated ischemia-induced decreases in respiration, complex I and Fo F1 -ATPase activities, and blocked their recovery after injury, indicating a crucial role of PKCα in promoting mitochondrial recovery after AKI. Further, PKCα deletion exacerbated acetylation and succinylation of key mitochondrial proteins of energy metabolism after ischemia due to decreases in deacetylase and desuccinylase (sirtuin3 and sirtuin5) levels in renal mitochondria. Thus, our data show a novel role for PKCα in regulating levels of mitochondrial sirtuins and acetylation and succinylation of key mitochondrial proteins. We conclude that PKCα deletion: (a) affects renal physiology by decreasing mitochondrial capacity for maximum respiration; (b) blocks recovery of mitochondrial functions, renal morphology, and functions after AKI; and (c) decreases survival after AKI. ENZYMES: Protein kinase C: EC 2.7.11.13; NADH : ubiquinone reductase (H+ -translocating; complex I): EC 7.1.1.2; FoF1-ATPase (H+ -transporting two-sector ATPase): EC 7.1.2.2; Succinate : ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex II): EC 1.3.5.1; Ubiquinol : cytochrome-c reductase (complex III): EC 7.1.1.8; Cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV): EC 1.9.3.1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial: EC 2.3.1.286; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial: EC 3.5.1.-; Proteinase K (peptidase K): EC 3.4.21.64.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Judit Megyesi
- Division of Nephrology, Departments of Internal Medicine & Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Baicalin Protects against Thrombin-Induced Cell Injury in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2187306. [PMID: 31467874 PMCID: PMC6699368 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2187306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Thrombin plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Baicalin, an active flavonoid compound, was shown to attenuate the development of atherosclerosis, but the mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, the role and mechanism of baicalin in thrombin-induced cell injury was investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results showed that baicalin significantly reduced thrombin-induced apoptosis of HUVECs. Additional experiments showed that baicalin inhibited thrombin-induced NF-κB activation and PAR-1 expression. In addition, baicalin decreased thrombin-induced PAR-1 expression by inhibiting ERK pathway. These results indicated that baicalin has protective effects on thrombin-induced cell injury in HUVECs possibly through inhibition of PAR-1 expression and its downstream NF-κB activation, which was mediated by ERK1/2 activation.
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Lee HC, Yu HP, Liao CC, Chou AH, Liu FC. Escin protects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice via attenuating inflammatory response and inhibiting ERK signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5170-5182. [PMID: 31497232 PMCID: PMC6731419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose may lead to the formation of oxidative stress, hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis, and, eventually result in acute liver failure. Escin, a major extracted component of Aesculus hippocastanum, reportedly exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-oxidant properties. Previous studies have demonstrated these protective effects of A. hippocastanum extracts on ischemia/reperfusion intestinal injury and endotoxin-induced lung injury. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of escin on APAP-induced liver injury in mice. Mice were intraperitoneally administrated with APAP (300 mg/kg) or an equal volume of saline (control), followed by a treatment with various concentrations of escin (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg) for 30 min. The animals were sacrificed 16 h following APAP administration for serum and liver tissue assay. Escin treatment attenuated the damage of APAP-induced liver injury in a dose-dependent manner (0.5-4 mg/kg). Escin also attenuated the hepatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17). Furthermore, escin treatment decreased the hepatic phosphorylation expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Our data indicates that escin shows protective effects on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner through anti-inflammatory mechanism and the inhibition of ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chen Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chih Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - An-Hsun Chou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
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35
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Qi L, Luo Q, Zhang Y, Jia F, Zhao Y, Wang F. Advances in Toxicological Research of the Anticancer Drug Cisplatin. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1469-1486. [PMID: 31353895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for various solid tumors in the clinic due to its high efficacy and broad spectrum. The antineoplastic activity of cisplatin is mainly due to its ability to cross-link with DNA, thus blocking transcription and replication. Unfortunately, the clinical use of cisplatin is limited by its severe, dose-dependent toxic side effects. There are approximately 40 specific toxicities of cisplatin, among which nephrotoxicity is the most common one. Other common side effects include ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, hematological toxicity, cardiotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. These side effects together reduce the life quality of patients and require lowering the dosage of the drug, even stopping administration, thus weakening the treatment effect. Few effective measures exist clinically against these side effects because the exact mechanisms of various side effects from cisplatin remain still unclear. Therefore, substantial effort has been made to explore the complicated biochemical processes involved in the toxicology of cisplatin, aiming to identify effective ways to reduce or eradicate its toxicity. This review summarizes and reviews the updated advances in the toxicological research of cisplatin. We anticipate to provide insights into the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the side effects of cisplatin and designing comprehensive therapeutic strategies involving cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Feifei Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China.,Basic Medical College , Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine , Jinan 250355 , P.R. China
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36
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Badawy AM, El-Naga RN, Gad AM, Tadros MG, Fawzy HM. Wogonin pre-treatment attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Impact on PPAR-γ, inflammation, apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Li J, Ye T, Liu Y, Kong L, Sun Z, Liu D, Wang J, Xing HR. Transcriptional Activation of Gstp1 by MEK/ERK Signaling Confers Chemo-Resistance to Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:476. [PMID: 31263672 PMCID: PMC6584806 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer management remains a challenge due to its asymptomatic and late presentation when it is metastatic. The clinical response to the first-line platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer is disappointing due to the development of chemoresistance. Chemoresistance is a complex phenomenon. Mechanistic research using experimental models has yielded limited clinical results to help increase understanding for overcoming resistance. While the role of lung CSCs in conferring multidrug resistance has been postulated, experimental evidence remains associative and lacks in depth mechanistic inquisition. In the present study, using mouse and human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and their respective paired CSC derivative cell lines that we generated, we identified cancer stem cell component of lung adenocarcinoma as the source that confers multidrug resistance phenotype. Mechanistically, Gstp1 confers cisplatin resistance in mouse and human lung CSC models, both in vitro and in vivo. Further, transcriptional activation of Gstp1 expression by MEK/ERK signaling underlies cisplatin resistance in lung CSC cells. Moreover, we show that GSTP1 expression is a poor diagnostic and prognostic marker for human lung adenocarcinoma, thus is of high clinical relevance. Taken together, we have provided mechanistic understanding of the lung CSC in mediating chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangsheng Kong
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Doudou Liu
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianyu Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H Rosie Xing
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine, Chongqing Medical University and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
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38
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Badawy AM, El-Naga RN, Gad AM, Tadros MG, Fawzy HM. Wogonin pre-treatment attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Impact on PPAR-γ, inflammation, apoptosis and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:137-146. [PMID: 31103702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin, a platinum chemotherapeutic agent, is used in a diversity of malignancies; nevertheless, the excessive nephrotoxicity following cisplatin treatment is the dose-limiting devastating reaction. This study was designed to explore the possible nephroprotective impact of wogonin, a forceful anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor agent, in a rat model of cisplatin-induced renal injury. The potential nephroprotective mechanisms were additionally investigated. Wogonin was given at a dose of 40 mg/kg. Acute nephrotoxicity was indicated by a significant rise in BUN, and serum creatinine levels in cisplatin-injected rats. Also, cisplatin enhanced the lipid peroxidation, diminished GSH, catalase, and PPAR-γ levels. Additionally, cisplatin-injected rats showed a significant rise in tissue levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-kB, and caspase-3 enzymatic activity. Notably, the pre-treatment with wogonin ameliorated the nephrotoxicity indices, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced by cisplatin. Also, wogonin up-regulated PPAR-γ expression. The involvement of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was debatable; however, our findings showed that it was significantly induced by cisplatin. Wogonin pre-treatment markedly attenuated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Collectively, these findings imply that wogonin is a promising nephroprotective agent that improves the therapeutic index of cisplatin via reducing oxidative stress, inflammation as well as inducing PPAR-γ. Also, Wnt/β-catenin pathway is partially involved in the pathogenesis of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Badawy
- Department of Pharmacology, The National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, The National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology, The National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
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39
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Samimi M, Pourhanifeh MH, Mehdizadehkashi A, Eftekhar T, Asemi Z. The role of inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in the pathophysiology of endometriosis: Basic science and new insights based on gene expression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19384-19392. [PMID: 31004368 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a frequent and chronic illness in young women which could be defined by the existence of endometrial stroma and glands outside of the normal site of the lining of the uterus. It has painful symptoms. The advanced stage of endometriosis may lead to gynecological malignancies, such as ovarian cancer, and other complications, including infertility. However, its exact physiopathology is not well known. Recent studies have shown the possible roles of inflammation along with oxidative stress. Additionally, angiogenesis and apoptosis dysregulation contribute to endometriosis pathophysiology. Therapeutic strategies and continuing attempts, to conquer endometriosis should be done regarding molecular signaling pathways. Thus, the present review summarizes current studies and focuses on molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansooreh Samimi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Eftekhar
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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40
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Tao M, Shi Y, Tang L, Wang Y, Fang L, Jiang W, Lin T, Qiu A, Zhuang S, Liu N. Blockade of ERK1/2 by U0126 alleviates uric acid-induced EMT and tubular cell injury in rats with hyperuricemic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F660-F673. [PMID: 30648910 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00480.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) are serine/threonine kinases and function as regulators of cellular proliferation and differentiation. Recently, we demonstrated that inhibition of ERK1/2 alleviates the development and progression of hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN). However, its potential roles in uric acid-induced tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tubular epithelial cell injury are unknown. In this study, we showed that hyperuricemic injury induced EMT as characterized by downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of vimentin and Snail1 in a rat model of HN. This was coincident with epithelial cells arrested at the G2/M phase of cell cycle, activation of Notch1/Jagged-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, and upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. Administration of U0126, a selective inhibitor of ERK1/2, blocked all these responses. U0126 was also effective in inhibiting renal tubular cell injury, as shown by decreased expression of lipocalin-2 and kidney injury molecule-1 and active forms of caspase-3. U0126 or ERK1/2 siRNA can inhibit tubular cell EMT and cell apoptosis as characterized with decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, ERK1/2 inhibition suppressed hyperuricemic injury-induced oxidative stress as indicated by decreased malondialdehyde and increased superoxide dismutase. Collectively, ERK1/2 inhibition-elicited renal protection is associated with inhibition of EMT through inactivation of multiple signaling pathways and matrix metalloproteinases, as well as attenuation of renal tubule injury by enhancing cellular resistance to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yingfeng Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Lunxian Tang
- Emergency Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Lu Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Andong Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai , China
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Protective Smell of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfide in Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020313. [PMID: 30646560 PMCID: PMC6359127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Though historically known as a toxic gas, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has displayed a new face as the third endogenous gaseous signaling molecule after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Here in this review, we survey the role and therapeutic potential of H2S in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Specifically, reduction of H2S by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) downregulation upon cisplatin treatment may contribute to cisplatin-induced renal cell injury, possibly by augmentation of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while H2S donation may prevent subsequent renal dysfunction by inhibiting NADPH oxidase activation. Intriguingly, H2S slow-releasing compound GYY4137 seems to increase the anticancer activity of cisplatin, at least in several cancer cell lines, and this is probably due to its own anticancer effect. However, the efficacy of H2S donors in tumor-bearing animals remains to be tested in terms of renal protection and cancer inhibition after receiving cisplatin. Furthermore, accumulative evidence regarding usage of polysulfide, a novel H2S derived molecule, in the therapy of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, was also summarized.
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Shati AA. Resveratrol improves sperm parameter and testicular apoptosis in cisplatin-treated rats: Effects on ERK1/2, JNK, and Akt pathways. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 65:236-249. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2018.1541114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Shi B, Li S, Ju H, Liu X, Li D, Li Y. Protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine attenuates partial unilateral ureteral obstruction induced kidney injury in neonatal rats. Life Sci 2018; 216:85-91. [PMID: 30439378 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the renoprotective effects of chelerythrine (CHE), a protein kinase C inhibitor, on neonatal rats after partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) surgery. New born Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to partial UUO 48 h after birth and received a daily intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg CHE. At 21-day age, the rats were scarified and the kidneys were collected for analysis. Results showed that CHE treatment significantly increased kidney weight and restored renal function in the obstructed kidney. Histological examination demonstrated that CHE attenuated renal injury by reducing renal parenchymal loss and preventing glomerular and tubular degeneration. In addition, CHE inhibited partial UUO-induced upregulated kidney injury molecule-1 expression and apoptosis and renal fibrosis. Moreover, as a PKC inhibitor, CHE significantly inhibited PKCα and PKCβ membrane translocation. This action may be associated with its effects of anti-apoptosis and anti-fibrosis and contribute to the renoprotection. This short-term study suggests that CHE is beneficial for obstructive nephropathy in neonatal rats and provides foundation for further studies to reveal the long-term effects of CHE on obstructive nephropathy in children and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixing Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Ju
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Paediatric Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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44
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Nahari E, Razi M. Silymarin amplifies apoptosis in ectopic endometrial tissue in rats with endometriosis; implication on growth factor GDNF, ERK1/2 and Bcl-6b expression. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:757-767. [PMID: 30195499 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present prospective study was done to evaluate the effect of silymarin (SMN) on endometriotic-like legions establishment and growth in experimentally-induced endometriosis. For this purpose, the experimental endometriosis was induced in 12 rats and then the animals subdivided into endometriosis-sole and SMN (50 mg kg-1, orally)+endometriosis groups. Following 28 days, the legions establishment, size, Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), gfrα1, B Cell Lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6b), Bcl-2, extracellular regulator kinase (ERK1/2) expression ratios, angiogenesis, the apoptosis and fibrosis indices were investigated. The SMN significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the enometriotic-like legions establishment and size, decreased mRNA levels of GDNF, gfrα1, Bcl-6b and Bcl-2 and remarkably diminished GDNF, gfrα1, Bcl-6b and Bcl-2-positive cells distribution/mm2 of tissue versus endometriosis-sole group. The SMN + endometriosis group exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) enhancement in ERK1/2 expression and represented diminished vascularized area and increased apoptosis and fibrosis indices, as well. In conclusion, the SMN by down-regulating GDNF and its receptor gfrα1 expression inhibits GDNF-gfrα1 complex generation and consequently suppresses Bcl-6b expression. Moreover, the SMN by enhancing the ERK1/2 expression and by suppressing the Bcl-2 expression promotes the apoptosis pathway. Finally, the SMN by down-regulating the angiogenesis ratio accelerates apoptosis and consequently induces severe fibrosis in endometriotic-like legions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Nahari
- Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. BOC: 1177, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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45
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Shen Q, Zhang X, Li Q, Zhang J, Lai H, Gan H, Du X, Li M. TLR2 protects cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury associated with autophagy via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4366-4374. [PMID: 30387162 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shen
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Qiuying Li
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Heng Lai
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Hua Gan
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xiaogang Du
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Manli Li
- Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
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Nowak G, Bakajsova-Takacsova D. Protein kinase Cε targets respiratory chain and mitochondrial membrane potential but not F 0 F 1 -ATPase in renal cells injured by oxidant. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9394-9407. [PMID: 30074270 PMCID: PMC6298597 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that protein kinase Cε (PKCε) is involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in renal proximal tubular cells (RPTC). This study examined mitochondrial targets of active PKCε in RPTC injured by the model oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). TBHP exposure augmented the levels of phosphorylated (active) PKCε in mitochondria, which suggested translocation of PKCε to mitochondria after oxidant exposure. Oxidant injury decreased state 3 respiration, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, ATP content, and complex I activity. Further, TBHP exposure increased ΔΨm and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induced mitochondrial fragmentation and RPTC death. PKCε activation by overexpressing constitutively active PKCε exacerbated decreases in state 3 respiration, complex I activity, ATP content, and augmented RPTC death. In contrast, inhibition of PKCε by overexpressing dnPKCε mutant restored state 3 respiration, respiratory control ratio, complex I activity, ΔΨm , and ATP production and content, but did not prevent decreases in F0 F1 -ATPase activity. Inhibition of PKCε prevented oxidant-induced production of ROS and mitochondrial fragmentation, and reduced RPTC death. We conclude that activation of PKCε mediates: (a) oxidant-induced changes in ΔΨm , decreases in mitochondrial respiration, complex I activity, and ATP content; (b) mitochondrial fragmentation; and (c) RPTC death. In contrast, oxidant-induced inhibition of F0 F1 -ATPase activity is not mediated by PKCε. These results show that, in contrast to the protective effects of PKCε in the heart, PKCε activation is detrimental to mitochondrial function and viability in RPTC and mediates oxidant-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Nowak
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR
72205
| | - Diana Bakajsova-Takacsova
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR
72205
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47
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Kodiha M, Flamant E, Wang YM, Stochaj U. Defining the short-term effects of pharmacological 5'-AMP activated kinase modulators on mitochondrial polarization, morphology and heterogeneity. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5469. [PMID: 30186684 PMCID: PMC6119600 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Under aerobic growth conditions, mitochondria are the major producers of cellular ATP and crucial for the proper performance of organs and tissues. This applies especially to cells with high energy demand, such as the renal proximal tubule epithelium. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathology of human health conditions, including various kidney diseases. The improvement of mitochondrial function ameliorates some of these pathologies. This can potentially be achieved with pharmacological compounds. For example, long-term treatment with activators of 5'-AMP activated kinase (AMPK) enhances mitochondrial biogenesis. However, pharmacological damage control during acute cell injury requires that the short-term effects of these compounds and the impact on healthy cells are also understood. It was our objective to define the changes elicited by established modulators of AMPK activity in healthy renal proximal tubule cells. Methods Our work combines confocal microscopy with quantitative image analysis, 3D image reconstruction and Western blotting to provide novel insights into the biology of mitochondria. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of pharmacological AMPK modulators (compound C, AICAR, phenformin, resveratrol) on mitochondrial polarization, morphology and heterogeneity. Microscopic studies generated information at the single cell and subcellular levels. Our research focused on LLC-PK1 cells that are derived from the renal proximal tubule. Mitochondrial heterogeneity was also examined in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Results Pharmacological agents that affect AMPK activity in renal proximal tubule cells can alter mitochondrial organization and the electrochemical potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane. These changes were compound-specific. Short-term incubation with the AMPK inhibitor compound C caused mitochondrial hyperpolarization. This was accompanied by mitochondrial fragmentation. By contrast, AMPK activators AICAR, phenformin and resveratrol had little impact. We further show that the biological properties of mitochondria are determined by their subcellular location. Mitochondria at the cell periphery displayed higher MitoTracker/Tom70 values as compared to organelles located in the vicinity of the nucleus. This was not limited to renal proximal tubule cells, but also observed in MCF7 cells. Pharmacological AMPK modulators altered these location-dependent properties in a compound-specific fashion. While the region-dependent differences were enhanced with phenformin, they were ameliorated by resveratrol. Discussion We evaluated the rapid changes in mitochondrial characteristics that are induced by pharmacological AMPK modulators. Our research supports the concept that pharmacological agents that target AMPK can rearrange mitochondrial networks at the single cell level. Collectively, these insights are relevant to the development of proper strategies for the short-term adjustment of mitochondrial performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kodiha
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Etienne Flamant
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yi Meng Wang
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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48
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TLR2 and TLR4 play opposite role in autophagy associated with cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1725-1739. [PMID: 29500224 DOI: 10.1042/cs20170262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is considered an inflammatory disease in which toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways play an important role. The activation of TLRs results in production of several inflammatory cytokines leading to further renal damage. In contrast, TLRs are key players on autophagy induction, which is associated with a protective function on cisplatin-induced AKI. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the specific participation of TLR2 and TLR4 molecules on the development of cisplatin-induced AKI. Complementarily, we also investigated the link between TLRs and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a promisor cytoprotective molecule. First, we observed that only the absence of TLR2 but not TLR4 in mice exacerbated the renal dysfunction, tissue injury and mortality rate, even under an immunologically privileged microenvironment. Second, we demonstrated that TLR2 knockout (KO) mice presented lower expression of autophagy-associated markers when compared with TLR4 KO animals. Similar parameter was confirmed in vitro, using tubular epithelial cells derived from both KO mice. To test the cross-talking between HO-1 and TLRs, hemin (an HO-1 internal inducer) was administrated in cisplatin-treated TLR2 and TLR4 KO mice and it was detected an improvement in the global renal tissue parameters. However, this protection was less evident at TLR2 KO mice. In summary, we documented that TLR2 plays a protective role in cisplatin-induced AKI progression, in part, by a mechanism associated with autophagy up-regulation, considering that its interplay with HO-1 can promote renal tissue recover.
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Dibenzoxanthenes induce apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells by modeling the PI3K/Akt pathway. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 187:76-88. [PMID: 30099272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new series of dibenzoxanthene derivatives 4a-4d (4a: 1-oxo-5-bromo-11-cyano-13c-methoxy-1,13c-dihydroxyl-dibenzo[a,kl]xanthene, 4b: 1-oxo-5-bromo-11-cyano-13c-ethoxy-1,13c-dihydroxyl-dibenzo[a,kl]xanthene, 4c: 1-oxo-5-bromo-11-cyano-13c-propoxy-1,13c-dihydroxyl-dibenzo[a,kl]xanthene and 4d: 1-oxo-5-bromo-11-cyano-13c-butoxy-1,13c-dihydroxyl-dibenzo[a,kl]xanthene) were synthesized and the molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer activities were investigated. These compounds showed excellent anti-tumor activity against A549, Eca-109, HeLa, HepG2 and SGC-7901 cell lines. Compounds 4a-4d could effectively inhibit the migration and invasion of HeLa cells in wound healing and transwell assays. Compounds induced the DNA damage and arrested in cell cycle distribution at G0/G1 phase. Apoptosis induced by compounds was detected using morphological observation of nuclear changes and FITC-Annexin V/PI staining. Additionally, compounds also induced the autophagy of HeLa cells through observing AO staining and upregulated the expression of LC3II and Beclin-1 proteins. Furthermore, treatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine induced an obvious decrease in apoptotic rate in HeLa cells. This indicated that autophagy further promoted the HeLa cells apoptosis. Compounds 4a-4d enhanced the intracellular Ca2+ and ROS. Then the mitochondrial membrane potential of HeLa cells was depolarized and the cytochrome C was released from mitochondria into cytoplasm. Activities of the apoptotic factors Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 were measured using western blotting. After HeLa cells were exposed to compounds, the expressions of PI3K and Akt protein were decreased. Compounds exhibit anti-cancer activity via apoptosis and autophagy through inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HeLa cells.
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50
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Thei L, Rocha-Ferreira E, Peebles D, Raivich G, Hristova M. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 has duality in function between neuronal and astrocyte expression following neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic cerebral injury. J Physiol 2018; 596:6043-6062. [PMID: 29873394 PMCID: PMC6265549 DOI: 10.1113/jp275649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Key points This study identifies phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) to be immediately diminished followed by a rapid if transient increase for up to 4 h following hypoxic–ischaemic insult (HI) in the neonatal mouse. Phosphorylated ERK up‐regulation was prevented with systemic injection of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor SL327. Treatment with SL327 both pre‐ and post‐HI gave a strong reduction in the number of dying cells and microgliosis. By utilising transgenic mouse mutations, we observe that neuronal ERK2 significantly contributes to tissue damage, while ERK1 and astrocytic ERK2 are neuroprotective. Compared to global inactivation, selective cell‐specific interference with ERK activity could result in stronger neuroprotection.
Abstract Hypoxia–ischaemia (HI) is a major cause of neonatal brain injury resulting in cerebral palsy, epilepsy, cognitive impairment and other neurological disabilities. The role of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) isoforms and their mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)‐dependent phosphorylation in HI has previously been explored but remains unresolved at cellular level. This is pertinent given the growing awareness of the role of non‐neuronal cells in neuroprotection. Using a modified Rice–Vannucci model of HI in the neonatal mouse we observed time‐ and cell‐dependent ERK phosphorylation (pERK), with strongly up‐regulated pERK immunoreactivity first in periventricular white matter axons within 15–45 min of HI, followed by forebrain astrocytes and neurons (1–4 h post‐HI), and return to baseline by 16 h. We explored the effects of pharmacological ERK blockade through the MEK inhibitor SL327 on neonatal HI‐brain damage following HI alone (30 or 60 min) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐sensitised HI insult (30 min). Global inhibition of ERK phosphorylation with systemically applied SL327 abolished forebrain pERK immunoreactivity, and significantly reduced cell death and associated microglial activation at 48 h post‐HI. We then explored the effects of cell‐specific ERK2 deletion alone or in combination with global ERK1 knockout under the same conditions of HI insult. Neuronal ERK2 deletion strongly decreased infarct size, neuronal cell death and microglial activation in grey matter following both HI alone or LPS‐sensitised HI. ERK1 deletion attenuated the protective effect of neuronal ERK2 deletion. Removal of astroglial ERK2 produced a reverse response, with a 3‐ to 4‐fold increase in microglial activation and cell death. Our data suggest a cell‐specific and time‐dependent role of ERK in neonatal HI, with a predominant, neurotoxic effect of neuronal ERK2, which is counteracted by neuroprotection by ERK1 and astrocytic ERK2. Overall, global pharmacological inhibition of ERK phosphorylation is strongly neuroprotective. This study identifies phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) to be immediately diminished followed by a rapid if transient increase for up to 4 h following hypoxic–ischaemic insult (HI) in the neonatal mouse. Phosphorylated ERK up‐regulation was prevented with systemic injection of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor SL327. Treatment with SL327 both pre‐ and post‐HI gave a strong reduction in the number of dying cells and microgliosis. By utilising transgenic mouse mutations, we observe that neuronal ERK2 significantly contributes to tissue damage, while ERK1 and astrocytic ERK2 are neuroprotective. Compared to global inactivation, selective cell‐specific interference with ERK activity could result in stronger neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Thei
- UCL Institute for Women's Health, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.,School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6UA, UK
| | - Eridan Rocha-Ferreira
- UCL Institute for Women's Health, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE 416 85, Sweden
| | - Donald Peebles
- UCL Institute for Women's Health, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Gennadij Raivich
- UCL Institute for Women's Health, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Mariya Hristova
- UCL Institute for Women's Health, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Perinatal Brain Repair Group, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
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