1
|
Kumar M, Teakel SL, Swarbrick C, Chowdhury IS, Thorn DC, Sunde M, Carver JA, Forwood JK. Amyloid fibril formation, structure and domain swapping of acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase-7. FEBS J 2023; 290:4057-4073. [PMID: 37042241 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase (Acot) enzymes are involved in a broad range of essential intracellular roles including cell signalling, lipid metabolism, inflammation and the opening of ion channels. Dysregulation in lipid metabolism has been linked to neuroinflammatory and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Structurally, Acot enzymes adopt a circularised trimeric arrangement with each monomer containing an N- and a C-terminal hotdog domain. Acot7 spontaneously forms amyloid fibrils in vitro under physiological conditions. The resultant amyloid fibrillar structures were characterised by dye-binding fluorescence assays, far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray fibre diffraction. Acot7 has an unusual mechanism of aggregation with no lag phase. The initial phase (~ 18 h) of aggregation involves conformational rearrangement within the oligomers to form species of enhanced β-sheet character. The subsequent loss of α-helical structure is accompanied by large-scale amyloid fibril formation. The crystal structure of Acot7 revealed an unexpected arrangement of the two domains within the circularised trimeric structure, which is the basis for a proposed mechanism of amyloid fibril formation involving domain swapping during the initial phase of aggregation. Acot7 formed fibrils in the presence of its substrate arachidonoyl-CoA and its inhibitors and maintained its enzyme activity during fibril assembly. It is proposed that the Acot7 fibrillar form acts as functional amyloid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Kumar
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Sarah L Teakel
- School of Dentistry and Medical Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - Crystall Swarbrick
- School of Dentistry and Medical Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - Intifar S Chowdhury
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - David C Thorn
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Margaret Sunde
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - John A Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Jade K Forwood
- School of Dentistry and Medical Science, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Housmans JAJ, Wu G, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F. A guide to studying protein aggregation. FEBS J 2023; 290:554-583. [PMID: 34862849 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted protein folding or decreased protein stability can lead to the accumulation of (partially) un- or misfolded proteins, which ultimately cause the formation of protein aggregates. Much of the interest in protein aggregation is associated with its involvement in a wide range of human diseases and the challenges it poses for large-scale biopharmaceutical manufacturing and formulation of therapeutic proteins and peptides. On the other hand, protein aggregates can also be functional, as observed in nature, which triggered its use in the development of biomaterials or therapeutics as well as for the improvement of food characteristics. Thus, unmasking the various steps involved in protein aggregation is critical to obtain a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of amyloid formation. This knowledge will allow a more tailored development of diagnostic methods and treatments for amyloid-associated diseases, as well as applications in the fields of new (bio)materials, food technology and therapeutics. However, the complex and dynamic nature of the aggregation process makes the study of protein aggregation challenging. To provide guidance on how to analyse protein aggregation, in this review we summarize the most commonly investigated aspects of protein aggregation with some popular corresponding methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle A J Housmans
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guiqin Wu
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Budnar P, Tangirala R, Bakthisaran R, Rao CM. Protein Aggregation and Cataract: Role of Age-Related Modifications and Mutations in α-Crystallins. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:225-241. [PMID: 35526854 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792203004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
* The article is published as a part of the Special Issue "Protein Misfolding and Aggregation in Cataract Disorders" (Vol. 87, No. 2). ** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Cataract is a major cause of blindness. Due to the lack of protein turnover, lens proteins accumulate age-related and environmental modifications that alter their native conformation, leading to the formation of aggregation-prone intermediates, as well as insoluble and light-scattering aggregates, thus compromising lens transparency. The lens protein, α-crystallin, is a molecular chaperone that prevents protein aggregation, thereby maintaining lens transparency. However, mutations or post-translational modifications, such as oxidation, deamidation, truncation and crosslinking, can render α-crystallins ineffective and lead to the disease exacerbation. Here, we describe such mutations and alterations, as well as their consequences. Age-related modifications in α-crystallins affect their structure, oligomerization, and chaperone function. Mutations in α-crystallins can lead to the aggregation/intracellular inclusions attributable to the perturbation of structure and oligomeric assembly and resulting in the rearrangement of aggregation-prone regions. Such rearrangements can lead to the exposure of hitherto buried aggregation-prone regions, thereby populating aggregation-prone state(s) and facilitating amorphous/amyloid aggregation and/or inappropriate interactions with cellular components. Investigations of the mutation-induced changes in the structure, oligomer assembly, aggregation mechanisms, and interactomes of α-crystallins will be useful in fighting protein aggregation-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Budnar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Tangirala
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Raman Bakthisaran
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ch Mohan Rao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cox D, Whiten DR, Brown JWP, Horrocks MH, San Gil R, Dobson CM, Klenerman D, van Oijen AM, Ecroyd H. The small heat shock protein Hsp27 binds α-synuclein fibrils, preventing elongation and cytotoxicity. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4486-4497. [PMID: 29382725 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.813865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteostasis, or protein homeostasis, encompasses the maintenance of the conformational and functional integrity of the proteome and involves an integrated network of cellular pathways. Molecular chaperones, such as the small heat shock proteins (sHsps), are key elements of the proteostasis network that have crucial roles in inhibiting the aggregation of misfolded proteins. Failure of the proteostasis network can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins into intracellular and extracellular deposits. Deposits containing fibrillar forms of α-synuclein (α-syn) are characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Here we show that the sHsp Hsp27 (HSPB1) binds to α-syn fibrils, inhibiting fibril growth by preventing elongation. Using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF)-based imaging methods, we show that Hsp27 binds along the surface of α-syn fibrils, decreasing their hydrophobicity. Binding of Hsp27 also inhibits cytotoxicity of α-syn fibrils. Our results demonstrate that the ability of sHsps, such as Hsp27, to bind fibrils represents an important mechanism through which they may mitigate cellular toxicity associated with aberrant protein aggregation. Fibril binding may represent a generic mechanism by which chaperone-active sHsps interact with aggregation-prone proteins, highlighting the potential to target sHsp activity to prevent or disrupt the onset and progression of α-syn aggregation associated with α-synucleinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dezerae Cox
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Daniel R Whiten
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, and
| | - James W P Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Mathew H Horrocks
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Rebecca San Gil
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Christopher M Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, and
| | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Antoine M van Oijen
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and.,School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and .,School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bose D, Chakrabarti A. Substrate specificity in the context of molecular chaperones. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:647-659. [PMID: 28748601 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are one of the key players in protein biology and as such their structure and mechanism of action have been extensively studied. However the substrate specificity of molecular chaperones has not been well investigated. This review aims to summarize what is known about the substrate specificity and substrate recognition motifs of chaperones so as to better understand what substrate specificity means in the context of molecular chaperones. Available literature shows that the majority of chaperones have broad substrate range and recognize non-native conformations of proteins depending on recognition of hydrophobic and/or charged patches. Based on these recognition motifs chaperones can select for early, mid or late folding intermediates. Another major contributor to chaperone specificity are the co-chaperones they interact with as well as the sub-cellular location they are expressed in and the inducability of their expression. Some chaperones which have only one or a few known substrates are reported. In their case the mode of recognition seems to be specific structural complementarity between chaperone and substrate. It can be concluded that the vast majority of chaperones do not show a high degree of specificity but recognize elements that signal non-native protein conformation and their substrate range is modulated by the context they function in. However a few chaperones are known that display exquisite specificity of their substrate e.g. mammalian heat shock protein 47 collagen interaction. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(9):647-659, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipayan Bose
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Chakrabarti
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cox D, Selig E, Griffin MDW, Carver JA, Ecroyd H. Small Heat-shock Proteins Prevent α-Synuclein Aggregation via Transient Interactions and Their Efficacy Is Affected by the Rate of Aggregation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22618-22629. [PMID: 27587396 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.739250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into amyloid fibrils is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, collectively referred to as the α-synucleinopathies. In vivo, molecular chaperones, such as the small heat-shock proteins (sHsps), normally act to prevent protein aggregation; however, it remains to be determined how aggregation-prone α-syn evades sHsp chaperone action leading to its disease-associated deposition. This work examines the molecular mechanism by which two canonical sHsps, αB-crystallin (αB-c) and Hsp27, interact with aggregation-prone α-syn to prevent its aggregation in vitro Both sHsps are very effective inhibitors of α-syn aggregation, but no stable complex between the sHsps and α-syn was detected, indicating that the sHsps inhibit α-syn aggregation via transient interactions. Moreover, the ability of these sHsps to prevent α-syn aggregation was dependent on the kinetics of aggregation; the faster the rate of aggregation (shorter the lag phase), the less effective the sHsps were at inhibiting fibril formation of α-syn. Thus, these findings indicate that the rate at which α-syn aggregates in cells may be a significant factor in how it evades sHsp chaperone action in the α-synucleinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dezerae Cox
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522
| | - Emily Selig
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, and
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, and
| | - John A Carver
- the Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- From the Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and .,School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arrigo AP, Ducarouge B, Lavial F, Gibert B. Immense Cellular Implications Associated to Small Stress Proteins Expression: Impacts on Human Pathologies. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16077-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
8
|
Bakthisaran R, Tangirala R, Rao CM. Small heat shock proteins: Role in cellular functions and pathology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1854:291-319. [PMID: 25556000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are conserved across species and are important in stress tolerance. Many sHsps exhibit chaperone-like activity in preventing aggregation of target proteins, keeping them in a folding-competent state and refolding them by themselves or in concert with other ATP-dependent chaperones. Mutations in human sHsps result in myopathies, neuropathies and cataract. Their expression is modulated in diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. Their ability to bind Cu2+, and suppress generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may have implications in Cu2+-homeostasis and neurodegenerative diseases. Circulating αB-crystallin and Hsp27 in the plasma may exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions. αB-crystallin and Hsp20 exhitbit anti-platelet aggregation: these beneficial effects indicate their use as potential therapeutic agents. sHsps have roles in differentiation, proteasomal degradation, autophagy and development. sHsps exhibit a robust anti-apoptotic property, involving several stages of mitochondrial-mediated, extrinsic apoptotic as well as pro-survival pathways. Dynamic N- and C-termini and oligomeric assemblies of αB-crystallin and Hsp27 are important factors for their functions. We propose a "dynamic partitioning hypothesis" for the promiscuous interactions and pleotropic functions exhibited by sHsps. Stress tolerance and anti-apoptotic properties of sHsps have both beneficial and deleterious consequences in human health and diseases. Conditional and targeted modulation of their expression and/or activity could be used as strategies in treating several human disorders. The review attempts to provide a critical overview of sHsps and their divergent roles in cellular processes particularly in the context of human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raman Bakthisaran
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Tangirala
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ch Mohan Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fu X, Chang Z, Shi X, Bu D, Wang C. Multilevel structural characteristics for the natural substrate proteins of bacterial small heat shock proteins. Protein Sci 2013; 23:229-37. [PMID: 24318917 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ubiquitous molecular chaperones that prevent the aggregation of various non-native proteins and play crucial roles for protein quality control in cells. It is poorly understood what natural substrate proteins, with respect to structural characteristics, are preferentially bound by sHSPs in cells. Here we compared the structural characteristics for the natural substrate proteins of Escherichia coli IbpB and Deinococcus radiodurans Hsp20.2 with the respective bacterial proteome at multiple levels, mainly by using bioinformatics analysis. Data indicate that both IbpB and Hsp20.2 preferentially bind to substrates of high molecular weight or moderate acidity. Surprisingly, their substrates contain abundant charged residues but not abundant hydrophobic residues, thus strongly indicating that ionic interactions other than hydrophobic interactions also play crucial roles for the substrate recognition and binding of sHSPs. Further, secondary structure prediction analysis indicates that the substrates of low percentage of β-sheets or coils but high percentage of α-helices are un-favored by both IbpB and Hsp20.2. In addition, IbpB preferentially interacts with multi-domain proteins but unfavorably with α + β proteins as revealed by SCOP analysis. Together, our data suggest that bacterial sHSPs, though having broad substrate spectrums, selectively bind to substrates of certain structural features. These structural characteristic elements may substantially participate in the sHSP-substrate interaction and/or increase the aggregation tendency of the substrates, thus making the substrates more preferentially bound by sHSPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Esposito G, Garvey M, Alverdi V, Pettirossi F, Corazza A, Fogolari F, Polano M, Mangione PP, Giorgetti S, Stoppini M, Rekas A, Bellotti V, Heck AJR, Carver JA. Monitoring the interaction between β2-microglobulin and the molecular chaperone αB-crystallin by NMR and mass spectrometry: αB-crystallin dissociates β2-microglobulin oligomers. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:17844-58. [PMID: 23645685 PMCID: PMC3682583 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.448639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction at neutral pH between wild-type and a variant form (R3A) of the amyloid fibril-forming protein β2-microglobulin (β2m) and the molecular chaperone αB-crystallin was investigated by thioflavin T fluorescence, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Fibril formation of R3Aβ2m was potently prevented by αB-crystallin. αB-crystallin also prevented the unfolding and nonfibrillar aggregation of R3Aβ2m. From analysis of the NMR spectra collected at various R3Aβ2m to αB-crystallin molar subunit ratios, it is concluded that the structured β-sheet core and the apical loops of R3Aβ2m interact in a nonspecific manner with the αB-crystallin. Complementary information was derived from NMR diffusion coefficient measurements of wild-type β2m at a 100-fold concentration excess with respect to αB-crystallin. Mass spectrometry acquired in the native state showed that the onset of wild-type β2m oligomerization was effectively reduced by αB-crystallin. Furthermore, and most importantly, αB-crystallin reversibly dissociated β2m oligomers formed spontaneously in aged samples. These results, coupled with our previous studies, highlight the potent effectiveness of αB-crystallin in preventing β2m aggregation at the various stages of its aggregation pathway. Our findings are highly relevant to the emerging view that molecular chaperone action is intimately involved in the prevention of in vivo amyloid fibril formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Esposito
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Megan Garvey
- the School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Vera Alverdi
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Pettirossi
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alessandra Corazza
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Federico Fogolari
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Maurizio Polano
- From the Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche, Università di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - P. Patrizia Mangione
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Istituto di Biochimica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- the Wolfson Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins, Division of Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Giorgetti
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Istituto di Biochimica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Stoppini
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Istituto di Biochimica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Agata Rekas
- the National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2522, Australia, and
| | - Vittorio Bellotti
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Istituto di Biochimica, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- the Wolfson Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Amyloidosis and Acute Phase Proteins, Division of Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Albert J. R. Heck
- the Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John A. Carver
- the School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arrigo AP, Gibert B. Protein interactomes of three stress inducible small heat shock proteins: HspB1, HspB5 and HspB8. Int J Hyperthermia 2013; 29:409-22. [DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2013.792956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
|
12
|
Arrigo AP. Human small heat shock proteins: Protein interactomes of homo- and hetero-oligomeric complexes: An update. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1959-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
13
|
Roman SG, Chebotareva NA, Kurganov BI. Concentration dependence of chaperone-like activities of α-crystallin, αB-crystallin and proline. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:1341-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
14
|
Roman SG, Chebotareva NA, Eronina TB, Kleymenov SY, Makeeva VF, Poliansky NB, Muranov KO, Kurganov BI. Does the Crowded Cell-like Environment Reduce the Chaperone-like Activity of α-Crystallin? Biochemistry 2011; 50:10607-23. [DOI: 10.1021/bi201030y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana G. Roman
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
- Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Natalia A. Chebotareva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Tatyana B. Eronina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu. Kleymenov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
- Kol’tsov Institute of Developmental
Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova
st. 26, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentina F. Makeeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Nikolay B. Poliansky
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st. 4, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Konstantin O. Muranov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin st. 4, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Boris I. Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pearce M, Powers G, Feil S, Hansen G, Parker M, Bottomley S. Identification and Characterization of a Misfolded Monomeric Serpin Formed at Physiological Temperature. J Mol Biol 2010; 403:459-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Treweek TM, Rekas A, Walker MJ, Carver JA. A quantitative NMR spectroscopic examination of the flexibility of the C-terminal extensions of the molecular chaperones, αA- and αB-crystallin. Exp Eye Res 2010; 91:691-9. [PMID: 20732317 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The principal lens proteins αA- and αB-crystallin are members of the small heat-shock protein (sHsp) family of molecular chaperone proteins. Via their chaperone action, αA- and αB-crystallin play an important role in maintaining lens transparency by preventing crystallin protein aggregation and precipitation. αB-crystallin is found extensively extralenticularly where it is stress inducible and acts as a chaperone to facilitate general protein stabilization. The structure of either αA- or αB-crystallin is not known nor is the mechanism of their chaperone action. Our earlier (1)H NMR spectroscopic studies determined that mammalian sHsps have a highly dynamic, polar and unstructured region at their extreme C-terminus (summarized in Carver (1999) Prog. Ret. Eye Res. 18, 431). This C-terminal extension acts as a solubilizing agent for the relatively hydrophobic protein and the complex it makes with its target proteins during chaperone action. In this study, αA- and αB-crystallin were (15)N-labelled and their (1)H-(15)N through-bond correlation, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR spectra were assigned via standard methods. (1)H-(15)N spin-lattice (T(1)) and spin-spin (T(2)) relaxation times were measured for αA- and αB-crystallin in the absence and presence of a bound target protein, reduced α-lactalbumin. (1)H-(15)N Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) values provide an accurate measure, on a residue-by-residue basis, of the backbone flexibility of polypeptides. From measurement of these NOE values, it was determined that the flexibility of the extension in αA- and αB-crystallin increased markedly at the extreme C-terminus. By contrast, upon chaperone interaction of αA-crystallin with reduced α-lactalbumin, flexibility was maintained in the extension but was distributed evenly across all residues in the extension. Two mutants of αB-crystallin in its C-terminal region: (i) I159A and I161A and (ii) K175L, have altered chaperone ability (Treweek et al. (2007) PLoS One 2, e1046). Comparison of (1)H-(15)N NOE values for these mutants with wild type αB-crystallin revealed alteration in flexibility of the extension, particularly at the extremity of K175L αB-crystallin, which may affect chaperone ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Treweek
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Robertson AL, Headey SJ, Saunders HM, Ecroyd H, Scanlon MJ, Carver JA, Bottomley SP. Small heat-shock proteins interact with a flanking domain to suppress polyglutamine aggregation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:10424-9. [PMID: 20484674 PMCID: PMC2890844 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914773107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heat-shock proteins (sHsps) are molecular chaperones that play an important protective role against cellular protein misfolding by interacting with partially unfolded proteins on their off-folding pathway, preventing their aggregation. Polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat expansion leads to the formation of fibrillar protein aggregates and neuronal cell death in nine diseases, including Huntington disease and the spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs). There is evidence that sHsps have a role in suppression of polyQ-induced neurodegeneration; for example, the sHsp alphaB-crystallin (alphaB-c) has been identified as a suppressor of SCA3 toxicity in a Drosophila model. However, the molecular mechanism for this suppression is unknown. In this study we tested the ability of alphaB-c to suppress the aggregation of a polyQ protein. We found that alphaB-c does not inhibit the formation of SDS-insoluble polyQ fibrils. We further tested the effect of alphaB-c on the aggregation of ataxin-3, a polyQ protein that aggregates via a two-stage aggregation mechanism. The first stage involves association of the N-terminal Josephin domain followed by polyQ-mediated interactions and the formation of SDS-resistant mature fibrils. Our data show that alphaB-c potently inhibits the first stage of ataxin-3 aggregation; however, the second polyQ-dependent stage can still proceed. By using NMR spectroscopy, we have determined that alphaB-c interacts with an extensive region on the surface of the Josephin domain. These data provide an example of a domain/region flanking an amyloidogenic sequence that has a critical role in modulating aggregation of a polypeptide and plays a role in the interaction with molecular chaperones to prevent this aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Headey
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Action, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Helen M. Saunders
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia; and
| | - Martin J. Scanlon
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Action, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - John A. Carver
- School of Chemistry and Physics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Stephen P. Bottomley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Karch CM, Borchelt DR. An examination of alpha B-crystallin as a modifier of SOD1 aggregate pathology and toxicity in models of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurochem 2010; 113:1092-100. [PMID: 20067574 PMCID: PMC3971727 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06572.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressively paralytic neurodegenerative disease that can be caused by mutations in Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Transgenic mice that over-express mutant SOD1 develop paralysis and accumulate aggregates of mutant protein in the brainstem and spinal cord. The present study uses a cell culture model to demonstrate alpha B-crystallin is capable of reducing aggregation of mutant SOD1. To test the role of alpha B-crystallin in modulating SOD1 aggregation in vivo, alpha B-crystallin deficient mice were bred to mice expressing two different SOD1 mutants (G37R and L126Z). Although completely eliminating alpha B-crystallin reduced the interval to disease endstage by 20-30 days in mice expressing either mutant, there were no detectable changes in the levels of sedimentable, SOD1 aggregates in the spinal cord of symptomatic mice. Because alpha B-crystallin is most abundantly expressed in muscle, we expected that the loss of this chaperone would leave this tissue vulnerable to mutant SOD1 aggregation. However, there was no evidence of mutant SOD1 aggregation in the muscle of mice lacking alpha B-crystallin. Our findings indicate that a significant perturbation to the protein homeostasis network of muscle is not sufficient to induce the aggregation of misfolded mutant SOD1. These outcomes have implications regarding the role of chaperones in modulating the tissue specific accumulations of misfolded SOD1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celeste M. Karch
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, SantaFe HealthCare Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
| | - David R. Borchelt
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, SantaFe HealthCare Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zsila F. Inhibition of heat- and chemical-induced aggregation of various proteins reveals chaperone-like activity of the acute-phase component and serine protease inhibitor human alpha(1)-antitrypsin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 393:242-7. [PMID: 20117085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In vitro chaperone-like activity of the serpin family member and plasma acute-phase component human alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown for the first time. Results of light-scattering experiments demonstrated that AAT efficiently inhibits both heat- and chemical-induced aggregation of various test proteins including alcohol dehydrogenase, aldolase, carbonic anhydrase, catalase, citrate synthase, enolase, glutathione S-transferase, l-lactate dehydrogenase, and beta(L)-crystallin. The results suggest that the unique metastable serpin architecture enables dual function, protease inhibiton as well as chaperone activity and highlight the serpin superfamily as a possible source of additional intra- and extracellular chaperones (e.g. alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin). The present finding is surprising in the light of the well-known role of mutated forms of AAT and other serpins in the pathogenesis of diseases called serpinopathies that featured with aberrant conformational transitions and consequent self-aggregation of serpin proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Zsila
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Budapest, Pusztaszeri út, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gooptu B, Lomas DA. Conformational pathology of the serpins: themes, variations, and therapeutic strategies. Annu Rev Biochem 2009; 78:147-76. [PMID: 19245336 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.78.082107.133320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Point mutations cause members of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) superfamily to undergo a novel conformational transition, forming ordered polymers. These polymers characterize a group of diseases termed the serpinopathies. The formation of polymers underlies the retention of alpha(1)-antitrypsin within hepatocytes and of neuroserpin within neurons to cause cirrhosis and dementia, respectively. Point mutations of antithrombin, C1 inhibitor, alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin, and heparin cofactor II cause a similar conformational transition, resulting in a plasma deficiency that is associated with thrombosis, angioedema, and emphysema. Polymers of serpins can also form in extracellular tissues where they activate inflammatory cascades. This is best described for the Z variant of alpha(1)-antitrypsin in which the proinflammatory properties of polymers provide an explanation for both progressive emphysema and the selective advantage of this mutant allele. Therapeutic strategies are now being developed to block the aberrant conformational transitions and so treat the serpinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Gooptu
- School of Crystallography, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Markossian KA, Yudin IK, Kurganov BI. Mechanism of suppression of protein aggregation by α-crystallin. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:1314-1345. [PMID: 19399251 PMCID: PMC2672032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10031314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 03/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes experimental data illuminating the mechanism of suppression of heat-induced protein aggregation by alpha-crystallin, one of the small heat shock proteins. The dynamic light scattering data show that the initial stage of thermal aggregation of proteins is the formation of the initial aggregates involving hundreds of molecules of the denatured protein. Further sticking of the starting aggregates proceeds in a regime of diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation. The protective effect of alpha-crystallin is due to transition of the aggregation process to the regime of reaction-limited cluster-cluster aggregation, wherein the sticking probability for the colliding particles becomes lower than unity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kira A. Markossian
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Fax: +7 495 954 2732
| | - Igor K. Yudin
- Oil and Gas Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina st. 3, 117971, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris I. Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Meremyanin AV, Eronina TB, Chebotareva NA, Kurganov BI. Kinetics of thermal aggregation of glycogen phosphorylase b from rabbit skeletal muscle: mechanism of protective action of alpha-crystallin. Biopolymers 2008; 89:124-34. [PMID: 17941008 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of thermal aggregation of glycogen phosphorylase b (Phb) from rabbit skeletal muscle have been studied by dynamic light scattering (0.08M Hepes, pH 6.8, containing 0.1M NaCl; 48 degrees C). The hydrodynamic radius of the start aggregates determined from the initial linear parts of the dependences of the hydrodynamic radius (R(h)) on time was found to be 16.7 +/- 1.0 nm. At rather high values of time, the R(h) value for the protein aggregates becomes proportional to t(1/1.8) = t(0.56) suggesting that the aggregation process proceeds in the regime of diffusion-limited cluster-cluster aggregation. In the presence of alpha-crystallin, a protein possessing the chaperone-like activity, the process of protein aggregation switches to the regime of reaction-limited cluster-cluster aggregation as indicated by the exponential dependence of the R(h) value on time. It was shown that the addition of alpha-crystallin raises the rate of thermal inactivation of Phb. These data in combination with the results of the study of interaction of Phb with alpha-crystallin by analytical ultracentrifugation suggest that alpha-crystallin interacts with the intermediates of unfolding of the Phb molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Meremyanin
- A.N. Bakh Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Effect of Phosphorylation on αB-crystallin: Differences in Stability, Subunit Exchange and Chaperone Activity of Homo and Mixed Oligomers of αB-Crystallin and its Phosphorylation-mimicking Mutant. J Mol Biol 2008; 375:1040-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Revised: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Cabrita LD, Irving JA, Pearce MC, Whisstock JC, Bottomley SP. Aeropin from the extremophile Pyrobaculum aerophilum bypasses the serpin misfolding trap. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:26802-26809. [PMID: 17635906 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m705020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Serpins are metastable proteinase inhibitors. Serpin metastability drives both a large conformational change that is utilized during proteinase inhibition and confers an inherent structural flexibility that renders serpins susceptible to aggregation under certain conditions. These include point mutations (the basis of a number of important human genetic diseases), small changes in pH, and an increase in temperature. Many studies of serpins from mesophilic organisms have highlighted an inverse relationship: mutations that confer a marked increase in serpin stability compromise inhibitory activity. Here we present the first biophysical characterization of a metastable serpin from a hyperthermophilic organism. Aeropin, from the archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum, is both highly stable and an efficient proteinase inhibitor. We also demonstrate that because of high kinetic barriers, aeropin does not readily form the partially unfolded precursor to serpin aggregation. We conclude that stability and activity are not mutually exclusive properties in the context of the serpin fold, and propose that the increased stability of aeropin is caused by an unfolding pathway that minimizes the formation of an aggregation-prone intermediate ensemble, thereby enabling aeropin to bypass the misfolding fate observed with other serpins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Cabrita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - James A Irving
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mary C Pearce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - James C Whisstock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Structural and Function Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia.
| | - Stephen P Bottomley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pearce MC, Cabrita LD, Ellisdon AM, Bottomley SP. The loss of tryptophan 194 in antichymotrypsin lowers the kinetic barrier to misfolding. FEBS J 2007; 274:3622-3632. [PMID: 17608807 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antichymotrypsin, a member of the serpin superfamily, has been shown to form inactive polymers in vivo, leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. At present, however, the molecular determinants underlying the polymerization transition are unclear. Within a serpin, the breach position is implicated in conformational change, as it is the first point of contact for the reactive center loop and the body of the molecule. W194, situated within the breach, represents one of the most highly conserved residues within the serpin architecture. Using a range of equilibrium and kinetic experiments, the contribution of W194 to proteinase inhibition, stability and polymerization was studied for antichymotrypsin. Replacement of W194 with phenylalanine resulted in a fully active inhibitor that was destabilized relative to the wild-type protein. The aggregation kinetics were significantly altered; wild-type antichymotrypsin exhibits a lag phase followed by chain elongation. The loss of W194 almost entirely removed the lag phase and accelerated the elongation phase. On the basis of our data, we propose that one of the main roles of W194 in antichymotrypsin is in preventing polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Pearce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Lisa D Cabrita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Andrew M Ellisdon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Stephen P Bottomley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Powers GA, Pham CLL, Pearce MC, Howlett GJ, Bottomley SP. Serpin Acceleration of Amyloid Fibril Formation: A Role for Accessory Proteins. J Mol Biol 2007; 366:666-76. [PMID: 17174330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Revised: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation underlies an increasing number of human diseases. Recent experiments have shown that the aggregation reaction is exquisitely specific involving particular interactions between non-native proteins. However, aggregation of certain proteins, for example beta-amyloid, in vivo leads to the recruitment of other proteins into the aggregate. Antichymotrypsin, a non-fibril forming protein, is always observed to be associated with beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's sufferers. The role of antichymotrypsin is controversial with studies showing it can either accelerate or inhibit the aggregation reaction. To investigate the role of antichymotrypsin in fibrillogenesis we have studied its interaction with apolipoprotein C-II, a well characterized model system for the study of fibrillogenesis. Our data demonstrate that sub-stoichiometric amounts of antichymotrypsin and its alternate structural forms can dramatically accelerate the aggregation of apolipoprotein C-II, whereas the presence of alpha(1)-antitrypsin, a structural homologue of antichymotrypsin, cannot. Sedimentation velocity experiments show more apolipoprotein C-II fibrils were formed in the presence of antichymotrypsin. Using pull-down assays and immuno-gold labeling we demonstrate an interaction between antichymotrypsin and apolipoprotein C-II fibrils that specifically occurs during fibrillogenesis. Taken together these data demonstrate an interaction between antichymotrypsin and apolipoprotein C-II that accelerates fibrillogenesis and indicates a specific role for accessory proteins in protein aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A Powers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Whisstock JC, Bottomley SP. Molecular gymnastics: serpin structure, folding and misfolding. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2006; 16:761-8. [PMID: 17079131 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2006] [Revised: 09/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The native state of serpins represents a long-lived intermediate or metastable structure on the serpin folding pathway. Upon interaction with a protease, the serpin trap is sprung and the molecule continues to fold into a more stable conformation. However, thermodynamic stability can also be achieved through alternative, unproductive folding pathways that result in the formation of inactive conformations. Our increasing understanding of the mechanism of protease inhibition and the dynamics of native serpin structures has begun to reveal how evolution has harnessed the actual process of protein folding (rather than the final folded outcome) to elegantly achieve function. The cost of using metastability for function, however, is an increased propensity for misfolding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James C Whisstock
- Protein Crystallography Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Clayton Campus, Melbourne 3800, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Raman B, Ban T, Sakai M, Pasta S, Ramakrishna T, Naiki H, Goto Y, Rao C. AlphaB-crystallin, a small heat-shock protein, prevents the amyloid fibril growth of an amyloid beta-peptide and beta2-microglobulin. Biochem J 2006; 392:573-81. [PMID: 16053447 PMCID: PMC1316297 DOI: 10.1042/bj20050339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AlphaB-crystallin, a small heat-shock protein, exhibits molecular chaperone activity. We have studied the effect of alphaB-crystallin on the fibril growth of the Abeta (amyloid beta)-peptides Abeta-(1-40) and Abeta-(1-42). alphaB-crystallin, but not BSA or hen egg-white lysozyme, prevented the fibril growth of Abeta-(1-40), as revealed by thioflavin T binding, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and CD spectroscopy. Comparison of the activity of some mutants and chimaeric alpha-crystallins in preventing Abeta-(1-40) fibril growth with their previously reported chaperone ability in preventing dithiothreitol-induced aggregation of insulin suggests that there might be both common and distinct sites of interaction on alpha-crystallin involved in the prevention of amorphous aggregation of insulin and fibril growth of Abeta-(1-40). alphaB-crystallin also prevents the spontaneous fibril formation (without externally added seeds) of Abeta-(1-42), as well as the fibril growth of Abeta-(1-40) when seeded with the Abeta-(1-42) fibril seed. Sedimentation velocity measurements show that alphaB-crystallin does not form a stable complex with Abeta-(1-40). The mechanism by which it prevents the fibril growth differs from the known mechanism by which it prevents the amorphous aggregation of proteins. alphaB-crystallin binds to the amyloid fibrils of Abeta-(1-40), indicating that the preferential interaction of the chaperone with the fibril nucleus, which inhibits nucleation-dependent polymerization of amyloid fibrils, is the mechanism that is predominantly involved. We found that alphaB-crystallin prevents the fibril growth of beta2-microglobulin under acidic conditions. It also retards the depolymerization of beta2-microglobulin fibrils, indicating that it can interact with the fibrils. Our study sheds light on the role of small heat-shock proteins in protein conformational diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakthisaran Raman
- *Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- †Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Tadato Ban
- †Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Miyo Sakai
- †Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yamadaoka 3-2, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Saloni Y. Pasta
- *Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | | | - Hironobu Naiki
- ‡Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Matsuoka, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- ‡Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Matsuoka, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
- Correspondence may be addressed to either author (email or )
| | - Ch. Mohan Rao
- *Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Correspondence may be addressed to either author (email or )
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Khanova HA, Markossian KA, Kurganov BI, Samoilov AM, Kleimenov SY, Levitsky DI, Yudin IK, Timofeeva AC, Muranov KO, Ostrovsky MA. Mechanism of chaperone-like activity. Suppression of thermal aggregation of betaL-crystallin by alpha-crystallin. Biochemistry 2006; 44:15480-7. [PMID: 16300396 DOI: 10.1021/bi051175u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermal denaturation and aggregation of beta(L)-crystallin from bovine lens have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). According to the DLS data, the distribution of the beta(L)-crystallin aggregates by their hydrodynamic radius (R(h)) remains monomodal to the point of precipitating aggregates (sodium phosphate, pH 6.8; 100 mM NaCl; 60 degrees C). The size of the start aggregates (R(h,0)) and duration of the latent stage (t(0)) leading to the formation of the start aggregates have been determined from the light scattering intensity versus the hydrodynamic radius plots and the dependences of R(h) on time. The R(h,0) value remains constant at variation of the beta(L)-crystallin concentration, whereas the t(0) value increases with diminishing beta(L)-crystallin concentration. The suppression of beta(L)-crystallin aggregation by alpha-crystallin is connected with the decrease in the R(h,0) value and increase in the t(0) value. In the presence of alpha-crystallin the aggregate population is split into two components. The first component is represented by stable aggregates whose size remains constant in time. The aggregates of the other kind grow until they reach the size characteristic of aggregates prone to precipitation. The DSC data show that alpha-crystallin has no appreciable influence on thermal denaturation of beta(L)-crystallin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen A Khanova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sun G, Guo M, Shen A, Mei F, Peng X, Gong R, Guo D, Wu J, Tien P, Xiao G. Bovine PrPCdirectly interacts with αB-crystalline. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:5419-24. [PMID: 16198347 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2005] [Revised: 08/11/2005] [Accepted: 08/20/2005] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We used a bovine brain cDNA library to perform a yeast two-hybrid assay with bovine mature PrP(C) as bait. The screening result showed that alphaB-crystalline interacted with PrP(C). The interaction was further evaluated both in vivo and in vitro with different methods, such as immunofluorescent colocalization, native polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, and IAsys biosensor assays. The results suggested that alphaB-crystalline may have the ability to refold denatured prion proteins, and provided first evidence that alphaB-crystalline is directly associated with prion protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Sun
- The Modern Virology Research Centre and State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang J, Xu G, Li H, Gonzales V, Fromholt D, Karch C, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Borchelt DR. Somatodendritic accumulation of misfolded SOD1-L126Z in motor neurons mediates degeneration: alphaB-crystallin modulates aggregation. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14:2335-47. [PMID: 16000321 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice expressing variants of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) encoding C-terminal truncation mutations linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) have begun to define the role of misfolding and aggregation in the pathogenesis of disease. Here, we examine transgenic mice expressing SOD1-L126Z (Z = stop-truncation of last 28 amino acids), finding that detergent-insoluble mutant protein specifically accumulates in somatodendritic compartments. Soluble forms of the SOD1-L126Z were virtually undetectable in spinal cord at any age and the levels of accumulated protein directly correlated with disease symptoms. Neither soluble nor insoluble forms of SOD1-L126Z were transported to distal axons. In vitro, small heat shock protein (Hsp) alphaB-crystallin suppressed the in vitro aggregation of SOD1-L126Z. In vivo, alphaB-crystallin immunoreactivity was most abundant in oligodendrocytes and up-regulated in astrocytes of symptomatic mice; neither of these cell-types accumulated mutant SOD1 immunoreactivity. These results suggest that damage to motor neuron cell bodies and dendrites within the spinal cord can be sufficient to induce motor neuron disease and that the activities of chaperones may modulate the cellular specificity of mutant SOD1 accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiou Wang
- Departement of Pathology, The John's Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Purkayastha P, Klemke JW, Lavender S, Oyola R, Cooperman BS, Gai F. Alpha 1-antitrypsin polymerization: a fluorescence correlation spectroscopic study. Biochemistry 2005; 44:2642-9. [PMID: 15709777 DOI: 10.1021/bi048662e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AT) is the most abundantly circulating human proteinase inhibitor in the serpin family. The polymerization of AT, leading to alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency, has been studied extensively in vitro by a variety of ensemble methods. Here we report the use of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to gain further insight into this process. Measurements of the distributions of diffusion times of polymerizing AT, carried out at 45, 50, and 55 degrees C, clearly show the existence of a kinetic lag phase, during which short oligomers are formed, prior to the formation of heterogeneous mixtures of longer polymers, and suggest that long polymers, which appear to be metastable, are produced through the condensation of shorter oligomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Purkayastha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Morgan PE, Treweek TM, Lindner RA, Price WE, Carver JA. Casein proteins as molecular chaperones. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:2670-2683. [PMID: 15796610 DOI: 10.1021/jf048329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Under conditions of stress, such as elevated temperature, molecular chaperones stabilize proteins from unfolding, aggregating, and precipitating. We have investigated the chaperone activity of the major milk proteins alpha(S)-, beta-, and kappa-casein with reduced insulin and the milk whey proteins, alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin, and compared it with that of the mammalian small heat shock protein (sHsp), alpha-crystallin, and clusterin. alpha(S)-Casein exhibited different chaperone behavior under reduction and heat stresses, i.e., chaperone activity increased with increasing temperature (as observed with alpha-crystallin), but under reduction stress, its chaperone activity increased at lower temperatures. beta- and kappa-casein had comparable chaperone ability with each other but were less effective than alpha(S)-casein. Under molecular crowding conditions, precipitation of stressed protein was accelerated, and alpha(S)-casein was a poorer chaperone. Furthermore, at slightly alkaline pH values, alpha(S)-casein was a less effective chaperone than at neutral pH. Detailed fluorescence, size exclusion chromatography, and real-time NMR studies studies indicated that the casein proteins underwent conformational changes and stabilized the partially unfolded whey proteins prior to formation of high molecular weight soluble complexes. These results are consistent with casein proteins acting as molecular chaperones in a manner similar to sHsps and clusterin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip E Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Benning LN, Whisstock JC, Sun J, Bird PI, Bottomley SP. The human serpin proteinase inhibitor-9 self-associates at physiological temperatures. Protein Sci 2005; 13:1859-64. [PMID: 15215529 PMCID: PMC2279926 DOI: 10.1110/ps.04715304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The metastable serpin architecture is perturbed by extremes of temperature, pH, or changes in primary sequence resulting in the formation of inactive, polymeric conformations. Polymerization of a number of human serpins in vivo leads to diseases such as emphysema, thrombosis, and dementia, and in these cases mutations are present within the gene encoding the aggregating protein. Here we show that aggregation of the human serpin, proteinase inhibitor-9 (PI-9), occurs under physiological conditions, and forms aggregates that are morphologically distinct from previously characterized serpin polymers. Incubation of monomeric PI-9 at 37 degrees C leads to the rapid formation of aggregated PI-9. Using a variety of spectroscopic methods we analyzed the nature of the structures formed after incubation at 37 degrees C. Electron microscopy showed that PI-9 forms ordered circular and elongated-type aggregates, which also bind the fluorescent dye Thioflavin T. Our data show that in vitro wild-type PI-9 forms aggregates at physiological temperatures. The biological implications of PI-9 aggregates at physiological temperatures are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Benning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, P.O. Box 13D, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|