1
|
Xue R, Wu H, Li S, Pu N, Wei D, Zhao N, Cui Y, Li H, Song Z, Tao Y. Biodegradable microspheres come into sight: A promising biomaterial for delivering drug to the posterior segment of the eyeball. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101126. [PMID: 38994470 PMCID: PMC11237977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Posterior segment disease acts as a major cause of irreversible visual impairments. Successful treatment of posterior segment disease requires the efficient delivery of therapeutic substances to the targeted lesion. However, the complex ocular architecture makes the bioavailability of topically applied drugs extremely low. Invasive delivery approaches like intravitreal injection may cause adverse complications. To enhance the efficiency, several biomedical engineering systems have been developed to increase the penetration efficiency and improve the bioavailability of drugs at the posterior segments. Advantageously, biodegradable microspheres are found to deliver the therapeutic agents in a controlled fashion. The microspheres prepared from novel biomaterials can realize the prolonged release at the posterior segment with minimum side effects. Moreover, it will be degraded automatically into products that are non-toxic to the human body without the necessity of secondary operation to remove the residual polymer matrix. Additionally, biodegradable microspheres have decent thermoplasticity, adjustable hydrophilicity, controlled crystallinity, and high tensile strength, which make them suitable for intraocular delivery. In this review, we introduce the latest advancements in microsphere production technology and elaborate on the biomaterials that are used to prepare microspheres. We discuss systematically the pharmacological characteristics of biodegradable microspheres and compare their potential advantages and limitations in the treatment of posterior segment diseases. These findings would enrich our knowledge of biodegradable microspheres and cast light into the discovery of effective biomaterials for ocular drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongyue Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Pu
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongheng Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zongming Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baltira C, Aronica E, Elmquist WF, Langer O, Löscher W, Sarkaria JN, Wesseling P, de Gooijer MC, van Tellingen O. The impact of ATP-binding cassette transporters in the diseased brain: Context matters. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101609. [PMID: 38897176 PMCID: PMC11228798 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters facilitate the movement of diverse molecules across cellular membranes, including those within the CNS. While most extensively studied in microvascular endothelial cells forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB), other CNS cell types also express these transporters. Importantly, disruptions in the CNS microenvironment during disease can alter transporter expression and function. Through this comprehensive review, we explore the modulation of ABC transporters in various brain pathologies and the context-dependent consequences of these changes. For instance, downregulation of ABCB1 may exacerbate amyloid beta plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease and facilitate neurotoxic compound entry in Parkinson's disease. Upregulation may worsen neuroinflammation by aiding chemokine-mediated CD8 T cell influx into multiple sclerosis lesions. Overall, ABC transporters at the BBB hinder drug entry, presenting challenges for effective pharmacotherapy. Understanding the context-dependent changes in ABC transporter expression and function is crucial for elucidating the etiology and developing treatments for brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chrysiida Baltira
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Oliver Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Translational Neuropharmacology Lab, NIFE, Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Laboratory for Childhood Cancer Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ni C, Hong M. Oligomerization of drug transporters: Forms, functions, and mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1924-1938. [PMID: 38799641 PMCID: PMC11119549 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug transporters are essential players in the transmembrane transport of a wide variety of clinical drugs. The broad substrate spectra and versatile distribution pattern of these membrane proteins infer their pharmacological and clinical significance. With our accumulating knowledge on the three-dimensional structure of drug transporters, their oligomerization status has become a topic of intense study due to the possible functional roles carried out by such kind of post-translational modification (PTM). In-depth studies of oligomeric complexes formed among drug transporters as well as their interactions with other regulatory proteins can help us better understand the regulatory mechanisms of these membrane proteins, provide clues for the development of novel drugs, and improve the therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe different oligomerization forms as well as their structural basis of major drug transporters in the ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier superfamilies, summarize our current knowledge on the influence of oligomerization for protein expression level and transport function of these membrane proteins, and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of oligomerization. Finally, we highlight the challenges associated with the current oligomerization studies and propose some thoughts on the pharmaceutical application of this important drug transporter PTM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxu Ni
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mei Hong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agostini M, Traldi P, Hamdan M. Mass Spectrometry Investigation of Some ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Proteins. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:200. [PMID: 38399488 PMCID: PMC10890348 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains one of the main causes of poor outcome in cancer therapy. It is also becoming evident that drug resistance to both chemotherapy and to antibiotics is driven by more than one mechanism. So far, there are at least eight recognized mechanisms behind such resistance. In this review, we choose to discuss one of these mechanisms, which is known to be partially driven by a class of transmembrane proteins known as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. In normal tissues, ABC transporters protect the cells from the toxic effects of xenobiotics, whereas in tumor cells, they reduce the intracellular concentrations of anticancer drugs, which ultimately leads to the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). A deeper understanding of the structures and the biology of these proteins is central to current efforts to circumvent resistance to both chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and antibiotics. Understanding the biology and the function of these proteins requires detailed structural and conformational information for this class of membrane proteins. For many years, such structural information has been mainly provided by X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy. More recently, mass spectrometry-based methods assumed an important role in the area of structural and conformational characterization of this class of proteins. The contribution of this technique to structural biology has been enhanced by its combination with liquid chromatography and ion mobility, as well as more refined labelling protocols and the use of more efficient fragmentation methods, which allow the detection and localization of labile post-translational modifications. In this review, we discuss the contribution of mass spectrometry to efforts to characterize some members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins and why such a contribution is relevant to efforts to clarify the link between the overexpression of these proteins and the most widespread mechanism of chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pietro Traldi
- Corso Stati Uniti 4, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, 35100 Padova, Italy; (M.A.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Damiani D, Tiribelli M. ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A New Molecular Target? Biomedicines 2024; 12:111. [PMID: 38255216 PMCID: PMC10813371 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress in the knowledge of disease pathogenesis and the identification of many molecular markers as potential targets of new therapies, the cure of acute myeloid leukemia remains challenging. Disease recurrence after an initial response and the development of resistance to old and new therapies account for the poor survival rate and still make allogeneic stem cell transplantation the only curative option. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a multifactorial phenomenon resulting from host-related characteristics and leukemia factors. Among these, the overexpression of membrane drug transporter proteins belonging to the ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette)-protein superfamily, which diverts drugs from their cellular targets, plays an important role. Moreover, a better understanding of leukemia biology has highlighted that, at least in cancer, ABC protein's role goes beyond simple drug transport and affects many other cell functions. In this paper, we summarized the current knowledge of ABCG2 (formerly Breast Cancer Resistance Protein, BCRP) in acute myeloid leukemia and discuss the potential ways to overcome its efflux function and to revert its ability to confer stemness to leukemia cells, favoring the persistence of leukemia progenitors in the bone marrow niche and justifying relapse also after therapy intensification with allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Damiani
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Udine Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, Udine University, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mario Tiribelli
- Division of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Udine Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, Udine University, 33100 Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
ATP-binding cassette efflux transporters and MDR in cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103537. [PMID: 36801375 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Of the many known multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters expelling drug molecules out of cells is a major factor limiting the efficacy of present-day anticancer drugs. In this review, we highlights updated information on the structure, function, and regulatory mechanisms of major MDR-related ABC transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and the effect of modulators on their functions. We also provide focused information on different modulators of ABC transporters that could be utilized against the emerging MDR crisis in cancer treatment. Finally, we discuss the importance of ABC transporters as therapeutic targets in light of future strategic planning for translating ABC transporter inhibitors into clinical practice.
Collapse
|
7
|
A Structure-Based View on ABC-Transporter Linked to Multidrug Resistance. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020495. [PMID: 36677553 PMCID: PMC9862083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the first ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, whose overexpression in cancer cells is responsible for exporting anticancer drugs out of tumor cells, initiated enormous efforts to overcome tumor cell multidrug resistance (MDR) by inhibition of ABC-transporter. Because of its many physiological functions, diverse studies have been conducted on the mechanism, function and regulation of this important group of transmembrane transport proteins. In this review, we will focus on the structural aspects of this transporter superfamily. Since the resolution revolution of electron microscope, experimentally solved structures increased rapidly. A summary of the structures available and an overview of recent structure-based studies are provided. More specifically, the artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictions from AlphaFold-2 will be discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Beebe J, Josephraj S, Wang CJ, Danielson J, Cui Q, Huang C, Barlow L, Zhang RH, Zhang T, Nakshatri H, Dong Z, Li X, Liu JY, Zhang JT. Therapeutic Activity of the Lansoprazole Metabolite 5-Hydroxy Lansoprazole Sulfide in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Inhibiting the Enoyl Reductase of Fatty Acid Synthase. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13681-13691. [PMID: 36257066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a sole cytosolic enzyme responsible for de-novo lipid synthesis, is overexpressed in cancer but not in normal non-lipogenic tissues. FASN has been targeted, albeit no such inhibitor has been approved. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), approved for digestive disorders, were found to inhibit FASN with anticancer activities in attempting to repurpose Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs. Indeed, PPI usage benefited breast cancer patients and increased their response rate. Due to structural similarity, we thought that their metabolites might extend anticancer effects of PPIs by inhibiting FASN. Here, we tested this hypothesis and found that 5-hydroxy lansoprazole sulfide (5HLS), the end lansoprazole metabolite, was more active than lansoprazole in inhibiting FASN function and regulation of NHEJ repair of oxidative DNA damage via PARP1. Surprisingly, 5HLS inhibits the enoyl reductase, whereas lansoprazole inhibits the thioesterase of FASN. Thus, PPI metabolites may contribute to the lasting anticancer effects of PPIs by inhibiting FASN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Beebe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Sophia Josephraj
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Chao J Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jacob Danielson
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Qingbin Cui
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Caoqinglong Huang
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Lincoln Barlow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Ryan H Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Taolan Zhang
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Zizheng Dong
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Jing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wong ILK, Zhu X, Chan KF, Liu Z, Chan CF, Chow TS, Chong TC, Law MC, Cui J, Chow LMC, Chan TH. Flavonoid Monomers as Potent, Nontoxic, and Selective Modulators of the Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2). J Med Chem 2021; 64:14311-14331. [PMID: 34606270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We synthesize various substituted triazole-containing flavonoids and identify potent, nontoxic, and highly selective BCRP inhibitors. Ac18Az8, Ac32Az19, and Ac36Az9 possess m-methoxycarbonylbenzyloxy substitution at C-3 of the flavone moiety and substituted triazole at C-4' of the B-ring. They show low toxicity (IC50 toward L929 > 100 μM), potent BCRP-inhibitory activity (EC50 = 1-15 nM), and high BCRP selectivity (BCRP selectivity over MRP1 and P-gp > 67-714). They inhibit the efflux activity of BCRP, elevate the intracellular drug accumulation, and restore the drug sensitivity of BCRP-overexpressing cells. Like Ko143, Ac32Az19 remarkably exhibits a 100% 5D3 shift, indicating that it can bind and cause a conformational change of BCRP. Moreover, it significantly reduces the abundance of functional BCRP dimers/oligomers by half to retain more mitoxantrone in the BCRP-overexpressing cell line and that may account for its inhibitory activity. They are promising candidates to be developed into combination therapy to overcome MDR cancers with BCRP overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris L K Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Kin-Fai Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Chin-Fung Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Tsun Sing Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Tsz Cheung Chong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Man Chun Law
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jiahua Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Larry M C Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Tak Hang Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ni W, Fan H, Zheng X, Xu F, Wu Y, Li X, Wang A, Huang S, Chen W, Wang S, Lu Y. Cryptotanshinone Inhibits ERα-Dependent and -Independent BCRP Oligomer Formation to Reverse Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:624811. [PMID: 33968724 PMCID: PMC8100513 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.624811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both long-term anti-estrogen therapy and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer contribute to drug resistance, causing poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) plays an important role in multidrug resistance. Here, we show that cryptotanshinone (CPT), an anti-estrogen compound, inhibited the oligomer formation of BCRP on the cell membrane, thus blocking its efflux function. The inhibitory effect of CPT on BCRP was dependent on the expression level of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Furthermore, ERα-negative breast cancer cells with high expression of BCRP were also sensitive to CPT because CPT was able to bind to BCRP and inhibit its oligomer formation on the cell membrane, suggesting that the high level of BCRP expression is crucial for CPT to reverse drug resistance. The combination of CPT and chemotherapeutic agents displayed enhanced anticancer effects. The results suggest that CPT is a novel BCRP inhibitor via blocking the oligomer formation of BCRP on the cell membrane. CPT is able to inhibit the activity of BCRP in an ERα-dependent and -independent manner, sensitizing breast cancer cells to chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuqin Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Formula, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mehendale-Munj S, Sawant S. Breast Cancer Resistance Protein: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:420-428. [PMID: 33243119 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201125200132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) is an efflux transporter responsible for causing multidrug resistance (MDR). It is known to expel many potent antineoplastic drugs, owing to its efflux function. Efflux of chemotherapeutics because of BCRP develops resistance to many drugs, leading to failure in cancer treatment. BCRP plays an important role in physiology by protecting the organism from xenobiotics and other toxins. It is a half-transporter affiliated to the ATP- binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transporters, encoded by the gene ABCG2 and functions in response to adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Regulation of BCRP expression is critically controlled at molecular levels, which help in maintaining the balance of xenobiotics and nutrients inside the body. Expression of BCRP can be found in brain, liver, lung cancers and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, it is also expressed at high levels in stem cells and many cell lines. This frequent expression of BCRP has an impact on the treatment procedures and, if not scrutinized, may lead to the failure of many cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Mehendale-Munj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Hashu Advani Memorial Complex, Behind Collector's Colony, Chembur (E), Mumbai 400074, Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivangi Sawant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Hashu Advani Memorial Complex, Behind Collector's Colony, Chembur (E), Mumbai 400074, Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Localisation and regulation of cholesterol transporters in the human hair follicle: mapping changes across the hair cycle. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:529-545. [PMID: 33404706 PMCID: PMC8134313 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol has long been suspected of influencing hair biology, with dysregulated homeostasis implicated in several disorders of hair growth and cycling. Cholesterol transport proteins play a vital role in the control of cellular cholesterol levels and compartmentalisation. This research aimed to determine the cellular localisation, transport capability and regulatory control of cholesterol transport proteins across the hair cycle. Immunofluorescence microscopy in human hair follicle sections revealed differential expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters across the hair cycle. Cholesterol transporter expression (ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCA5 and SCARB1) reduced as hair follicles transitioned from growth to regression. Staining for free cholesterol (filipin) revealed prominent cholesterol striations within the basement membrane of the hair bulb. Liver X receptor agonism demonstrated active regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1, but not ABCA5 or SCARB1 in human hair follicles and primary keratinocytes. These results demonstrate the capacity of human hair follicles for cholesterol transport and trafficking. Future studies examining the role of cholesterol transport across the hair cycle may shed light on the role of lipid homeostasis in human hair disorders.
Collapse
|
13
|
Khunweeraphong N, Kuchler K. The first intracellular loop is essential for the catalytic cycle of the human ABCG2 multidrug resistance transporter. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:4059-4075. [PMID: 33169382 PMCID: PMC7756363 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human multidrug transporter ABCG2 is required for physiological detoxification and mediates anticancer drug resistance. Here, we identify pivotal residues in the first intracellular loop (ICL1), constituting an intrinsic part of the transmission interface. The architecture includes a triple helical bundle formed by the hot spot helix of the nucleotide‐binding domain, the elbow helix, and ICL1. We show here that the highly conserved ICL1 residues G462, Y463, and Y464 are essential for the proper cross talk of the closed nucleotide‐binding domain dimer with the transmembrane domains. Hence, ICL1 acts as a molecular spring, triggering the conformational switch of ABCG2 before substrate extrusion. These data suggest that the ABCG2 transmission interface may offer therapeutic options for the treatment of drug‐resistant malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narakorn Khunweeraphong
- Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Center for Medical Biochemistry, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute-CCRI, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Kuchler
- Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Center for Medical Biochemistry, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vesicular ATP-binding cassette transporters in human disease: relevant aspects of their organization for future drug development. FUTURE DRUG DISCOVERY 2020. [DOI: 10.4155/fdd-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
15
|
Gil-Martins E, Barbosa DJ, Silva V, Remião F, Silva R. Dysfunction of ABC transporters at the blood-brain barrier: Role in neurological disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107554. [PMID: 32320731 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters represent one of the largest and most diverse superfamily of proteins in living species, playing an important role in many biological processes such as cell homeostasis, cell signaling, drug metabolism and nutrient uptake. Moreover, using the energy generated from ATP hydrolysis, they mediate the efflux of endogenous and exogenous substrates from inside the cells, thereby reducing their intracellular accumulation. At present, 48 ABC transporters have been identified in humans, which were classified into 7 different subfamilies (A to G) according to their phylogenetic analysis. Nevertheless, the most studied members with importance in drug therapeutic efficacy and toxicity include P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a member of the ABCB subfamily, the multidrug-associated proteins (MPRs), members of the ABCC subfamily, and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), a member of the ABCG subfamily. They exhibit ubiquitous expression throughout the human body, with a special relevance in barrier tissues like the blood-brain barrier (BBB). At this level, they play a physiological function in tissue protection by reducing or limiting the brain accumulation of neurotoxins. Furthermore, dysfunction of ABC transporters, at expression and/or activity level, has been associated with many neurological diseases, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Additionally, these transporters are strikingly associated with the pharmacoresistance to central nervous system (CNS) acting drugs, because they contribute to the decrease in drug bioavailability. This article reviews the signaling pathways that regulate the expression and activity of P-gp, BCRP and MRPs subfamilies of transporters, with particular attention at the BBB level, and their mis-regulation in neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gil-Martins
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel José Barbosa
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vera Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Eckenstaler R, Benndorf RA. 3D structure of the transporter ABCG2-What's new? Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1485-1496. [PMID: 31985041 PMCID: PMC7060357 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCG2 belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily and functions as a poly-specific efflux pump. As it can transport a broad spectrum of substrates out of cells, ABCG2 is thought to alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs applied to treat certain diseases. Especially, its potential to induce resistance to chemotherapy is currently the object of intense research. To foster understanding of mechanisms relevant for substrate recognition and selection of ABCG2 substrates and to finally develop selective therapeutic modulators (e.g. inhibitors) of ABCG2 transport activity, it is important to further explore the precise 3D structure of the transporter. While efforts to elucidate the three-dimensional structure of ABCG2 using X-ray crystal structure analysis have not been successful so far, high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy-based investigations have revealed exciting new insights into the structure and function of the transporter. In this review, we will focus on these seminal publications to summarize the current understanding of tertiary and quaternary structure, homodimerization or oligomerization, and functions of the ABCG2 transporter protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf A Benndorf
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang W, Yang Y, Dong Z, Shi Z, Zhang JT. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in a short basic motif in the ABC transporter ABCG2 disable its trafficking out of endoplasmic reticulum and reduce cell resistance to anticancer drugs. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:20222-20232. [PMID: 31719146 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily and has been implicated in multidrug resistance of cancers. Although the structure and function of ABCG2 have been extensively studied, little is known about its biogenesis and the regulation thereof. In this study, using mutagenesis and several biochemical analyses, we show that the positive charges in the vicinity of the RKR motif downstream of the ABC signature drive trafficking of nascent ABCG2 out of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) onto plasma membranes. Substitutions of and naturally occurring single-nucleotide polymorphisms within these positively charged residues disabled the trafficking of ABCG2 out of the ER. A representative ABCG2 variant in which the RKR motif had been altered underwent increased ER stress-associated degradation. We also found that unlike WT ABCG2, genetic ABCG2 RKR variants have disrupted normal maturation and do not reduce accumulation of the anticancer drug mitoxantrone and no longer confer resistance to the drug. We conclude that the positive charges downstream of the ABC signature motif critically regulate ABCG2 trafficking and maturation. We propose that single-nucleotide polymorphisms of these residues reduce ABCG2 expression via ER stress-associated degradation pathway and may contribute to reduced cancer drug resistance, improving the success of cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202.,Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Zizheng Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 .,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu X, Wong ILK, Chan KF, Cui J, Law MC, Chong TC, Hu X, Chow LMC, Chan TH. Triazole Bridged Flavonoid Dimers as Potent, Nontoxic, and Highly Selective Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP/ABCG2) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8578-8608. [PMID: 31465686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes the syntheses of diverse triazole bridged flavonoid dimers and identifies potent, nontoxic, and highly selective BCRP inhibitors. A homodimer, Ac22(Az8)2, with m-methoxycarbonylbenzyloxy substitution at C-3 of the flavone moieties and a bis-triazole-containing linker (21 atoms between the two flavones) showed low toxicity (IC50 toward L929, 3T3, and HFF-1 > 100 μM), potent BCRP-inhibitory activity (EC50 = 1-2 nM), and high BCRP selectivity (BCRP selectivity over MRP1 and P-gp > 455-909). Ac22(Az8)2 inhibits BCRP-ATPase activity, blocks the drug efflux activity of BCRP, elevates the intracellular drug accumulation, and finally restores the drug sensitivity of BCRP-overexpressing cells. It does not down-regulate the surface BCRP protein expression to enhance the drug retention. Therefore, Ac22(Az8)2 and similar flavonoid dimers appear to be promising candidates for further development into combination therapy to overcome MDR cancers with BCRP overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhen Zhu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Iris L K Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-Fai Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiahua Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Man Chun Law
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz Cheung Chong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xuesen Hu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Larry M C Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tak Hang Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Chemistry , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 2K6 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Beebe J, Zhang JT. CC-115, a Dual Mammalian Target of Rapamycin/DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor in Clinical Trial, Is a Substrate of ATP-Binding Cassette G2, a Risk Factor for CC-115 Resistance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 371:320-326. [PMID: 31455631 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.258392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CC-115, a triazole-containing compound, is a dual mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor currently in clinical trials. To develop this compound further, we investigated factors that may affect cellular response to CC-115. Previously, fatty acid synthase (FASN) was shown to upregulate DNA-PK activity and contribute to drug resistance; therefore, we hypothesized that FASN may affect cellular response to CC-115. Instead, however, we showed that CC-115 is a substrate of ATP-binding cassette G2 (ABCG2), a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily, and that expression of ABCG2, not FASN, affects the potency of CC-115. ABCG2 overexpression significantly increases resistance to CC-115. Inhibiting ABCG2 function, using small-molecule inhibitors, sensitizes cancer cells to CC-115. We also found that CC-115 may be a substrate of ABCB1, another known ABC protein that contributes to drug resistance. These findings suggest that expression of ABC transporters, including ABCB1 and ABCG2, may affect the outcome in clinical trials testing CC-115. Additionally, the data indicate that ABC transporters may be used as markers for future precision use of CC-115. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In this article, we report our findings on the potential mechanism of resistance to CC-115, a dual inhibitor of mTOR and DNA-PK currently in clinical trials. We show that CC-115 is a substrate of ABCG2 and can be recognized by ABCB1, which contributes to CC-115 resistance. These findings provide novel information and potential guidance on future clinical testing of CC-115.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Beebe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.B., J.-T.Z.) and IU Simon Cancer Center (J.-T.Z.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio (J.-T.Z.)
| | - Jian-Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (J.B., J.-T.Z.) and IU Simon Cancer Center (J.-T.Z.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio (J.-T.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Phase separation and clustering of an ABC transporter in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:16326-16331. [PMID: 31366629 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820683116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase separation drives numerous cellular processes, ranging from the formation of membrane-less organelles to the cooperative assembly of signaling proteins. Features such as multivalency and intrinsic disorder that enable condensate formation are found not only in cytosolic and nuclear proteins, but also in membrane-associated proteins. The ABC transporter Rv1747, which is important for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth in infected hosts, has a cytoplasmic regulatory module consisting of 2 phosphothreonine-binding Forkhead-associated domains joined by an intrinsically disordered linker with multiple phospho-acceptor threonines. Here we demonstrate that the regulatory modules of Rv1747 and its homolog in Mycobacterium smegmatis form liquid-like condensates as a function of concentration and phosphorylation. The serine/threonine kinases and sole phosphatase of Mtb tune phosphorylation-enhanced phase separation and differentially colocalize with the resulting condensates. The Rv1747 regulatory module also phase-separates on supported lipid bilayers and forms dynamic foci when expressed heterologously in live yeast and M. smegmatis cells. Consistent with these observations, single-molecule localization microscopy reveals that the endogenous Mtb transporter forms higher-order clusters within the Mycobacterium membrane. Collectively, these data suggest a key role for phase separation in the function of these mycobacterial ABC transporters and their regulation via intracellular signaling.
Collapse
|
21
|
Safar Z, Kis E, Erdo F, Zolnerciks JK, Krajcsi P. ABCG2/BCRP: variants, transporter interaction profile of substrates and inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:313-328. [PMID: 30856014 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1591373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ABCG2 has a broad substrate specificity and is one of the most important efflux proteins modulating pharmacokinetics of drugs, nutrients and toxicokinetics of toxicants. ABCG2 is an important player in transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions (tDDI). Areas covered: The aims of the review are i) to cover transporter interaction profile of substrates and inhibitors that can be utilized to test interaction of drug candidates with ABCG2, ii) to highlight main characteristics of in vitro testing and iii) to describe the structural basis of the broad substrate specificity of the protein. Preclinical data utilizing Abcg2/Bcrp1 knockouts and clinical studies showing effect of ABCG2 c.421C>A polymorphism on pharmacokinetics of drugs have provided evidence for a broad array of drug substrates and support drug - ABCG2 interaction testing. A consensus on using rosuvastatin and sulfasalazine as intestinal substrates for clinical studies is in the formation. Other substrates relevant to the therapeutic area can be considered. Monolayer efflux assays and vesicular transport assays have been extensively utilized in vitro. Expert opinion: Clinical substrates display complex pharmacokinetics due to broad interaction profiles with multiple transporters and metabolic enzymes. Substrate-dependent inhibition has been observed for several inhibitors. Harmonization of in vitro and in vivo testing makes sense. However, rosuvastatin and sulfasalazine are not efficiently transported in either MDCKII or LLC-PK1-based monolayers. Caco-2 monolayer assays and vesicular transport assays are potential alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emese Kis
- a SOLVO Biotechnology , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Franciska Erdo
- b Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics , Pázmány Péter Catholic University , Budapest , Hungary
| | | | - Peter Krajcsi
- a SOLVO Biotechnology , Szeged , Hungary.,d Department of Morphology and Physiology. Faculty of Health Sciences , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Krapf MK, Gallus J, Namasivayam V, Wiese M. 2,4,6-Substituted Quinazolines with Extraordinary Inhibitory Potency toward ABCG2. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7952-7976. [PMID: 30075623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Several members of the ABC transporter superfamily play a decisive role in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. One of these MDR associated efflux transporters is ABCG2. One way to overcome this MDR is the coadministration of potent inhibitors of ABCG2. In this study, we identified novel inhibitors containing a 2,4,6-substituted quinazoline scaffold. Introduction of a 6-nitro function led to extraordinarily potent compounds that were highly selective for ABCG2 and also able to reverse the MDR toward the chemotherapeutic drugs SN-38 and mitoxantrone. The binding of substrate Hoechst 33342 and the two potent inhibitors 31 and 41 which differ in their mechanism of inhibition was rationalized using the recently published cryo-EM structures of ABCG2. For a better understanding of the interaction between the inhibitors and ABCG2, additional investigations regarding the ATPase activity, the interaction with Hoechst 33342, and with the conformational sensitive 5D3 antibody were carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Krapf
- Pharmaceutical Institute University of Bonn An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Jennifer Gallus
- Pharmaceutical Institute University of Bonn An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn , Germany
| | | | - Michael Wiese
- Pharmaceutical Institute University of Bonn An der Immenburg 4 53121 Bonn , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Crawford RR, Potukuchi PK, Schuetz EG, Schuetz JD. Beyond Competitive Inhibition: Regulation of ABC Transporters by Kinases and Protein-Protein Interactions as Potential Mechanisms of Drug-Drug Interactions. Drug Metab Dispos 2018. [PMID: 29514827 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.080663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are transmembrane efflux transporters mediating the extrusion of an array of substrates ranging from amino acids and lipids to xenobiotics, and many therapeutic compounds, including anticancer drugs. The ABC transporters are also recognized as important contributors to pharmacokinetics, especially in drug-drug interactions and adverse drug effects. Drugs and xenobiotics, as well as pathologic conditions, can influence the transcription of ABC transporters, or modify their activity or intracellular localization. Kinases can affect the aforementioned processes for ABC transporters as do protein interactions. In this review, we focus on the ABC transporters ABCB1, ABCB11, ABCC1, ABCC4, and ABCG2 and illustrate how kinases and protein-protein interactions affect these transporters. The clinical relevance of these factors is currently unknown; however, these examples suggest that our understanding of drug-drug interactions will benefit from further knowledge of how kinases and protein-protein interactions affect ABC transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Crawford
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Praveen K Potukuchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Erin G Schuetz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John D Schuetz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Structure-function relationships in ABCG2: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking studies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15534. [PMID: 29138424 PMCID: PMC5686161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Efflux pumps of the ATP-binding cassette transporters superfamily (ABC transporters) are frequently involved in the multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenomenon in cancer cells. Herein, we describe a new atomistic model for the MDR-related ABCG2 efflux pump, also named breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), based on the recently published crystallographic structure of the ABCG5/G8 heterodimer sterol transporter, a member of the ABCG family involved in cholesterol homeostasis. By means of molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking, a far-reaching characterization of the ABCG2 homodimer was obtained. The role of important residues and motifs in the structural stability of the transporter was comprehensively studied and was found to be in good agreement with the available experimental data published in literature. Moreover, structural motifs potentially involved in signal transmission were identified, along with two symmetrical drug-binding sites that are herein described for the first time, in a rational attempt to better understand how drug binding and recognition occurs in ABCG2 homodimeric transporters.
Collapse
|
25
|
Khunweeraphong N, Stockner T, Kuchler K. The structure of the human ABC transporter ABCG2 reveals a novel mechanism for drug extrusion. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13767. [PMID: 29061978 PMCID: PMC5653816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11794-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human ABC transporter ABCG2 (Breast Cancer Resistance Protein, BCRP) is implicated in anticancer resistance, in detoxification across barriers and linked to gout. Here, we generate a novel atomic model of ABCG2 using the crystal structure of ABCG5/G8. Extensive mutagenesis verifies the structure, disclosing hitherto unrecognized essential residues and domains in the homodimeric ABCG2 transporter. The elbow helix, the first intracellular loop (ICL1) and the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) constitute pivotal elements of the architecture building the transmission interface that borders a central cavity which acts as a drug trap. The transmission interface is stabilized by salt-bridge interactions between the elbow helix and ICL1, as well as within ICL1, which is essential to control the conformational switch of ABCG2 to the outward-open drug-releasing conformation. Importantly, we propose that ICL1 operates like a molecular spring that holds the NBD dimer close to the membrane, thereby enabling efficient coupling of ATP hydrolysis during the catalytic cycle. These novel mechanistic data open new opportunities to therapeutically target ABCG2 in the context of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narakorn Khunweeraphong
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/2, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Stockner
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Währingerstrasse 13A, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Kuchler
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/2, A-1030, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Synthesis and biological investigation of 2,4-substituted quinazolines as highly potent inhibitors of breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:587-611. [PMID: 28841513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Expression of ABCG2, a member of the ABC transporter superfamily, has been correlated to the clinical outcome of multiple cancers and is often associated with the occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in chemotherapy. Inhibition of the transport protein by potent and selective inhibitors might be a way to treat cancer more efficiently and improve the therapy of cancer patients. Recently we reported the synthesis of new inhibitors based on a quinazoline scaffold. In the present study more structural variations were explored. Compounds with 3,4-dimethoxy groups and meta or para nitro substituents were found to be highly potent inhibitors of ABCG2. The most potent compound was more than five-fold more potent than Ko143, one of the best inhibitors of ABCG2. To determine the new compounds selectivity toward ABCG2 their inhibitory effects on ABCB1 and ABCC1 were also investigated identifying selective as well as broadspectrum inhibitors. Furthermore, intrinsic cytotoxicity and efficacy regarding the reversal of multidrug resistance toward SN-38 and mitoxantrone were explored. The most potent compounds were able to reverse the resistance toward the cytostatic agents with EC50 values below 20 nM. Additionally, the type of interaction between inhibitors and the ABCG2 substrate Hoechst 33342 was investigated yielding competitive and non-competitive interactions suggesting different modes of binding. Finally the effect of the derivatives on vanadate-sensitive ATPase activity of ABCG2 was determined. According to the different effects on ATPase activity we conclude the existence of different binding sites. This study provides the structural requirements for high potency inhibition and elucidates the interaction with ABCG2 setting the basis for further studies.
Collapse
|
27
|
Rafaniello C, Sessa M, Bernardi FF, Pozzi M, Cheli S, Cattaneo D, Baldelli S, Molteni M, Bernardini R, Rossi F, Clementi E, Bravaccio C, Radice S, Capuano A. The predictive value of ABCB1, ABCG2, CYP3A4/5 and CYP2D6 polymorphisms for risperidone and aripiprazole plasma concentrations and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2017; 18:422-430. [PMID: 28719598 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2017.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated in ninety Caucasian pediatric patients the impact of the main polymorphisms occurring in CYP3A, CYP2D6, ABCB1 and ABCG2 genes on second-generation antipsychotics plasma concentrations, and their association with the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Patients with the CA/AA ABCG2 genotype had a statistically significant lower risperidone plasma concentration/dose ratio (Ct/ds) (P-value: 0.007) and an higher estimated marginal probability of developing metabolism and nutrition disorders as compared to the ABCG2 c.421 non-CA/AA genotypes (P-value: 0.008). Multivariate analysis revealed that the ABCG2 c.421 CA/AA genotype was found associated to a higher hazard (P-value: 0.004) of developing adverse drug reactions classified as metabolism and nutrition disorders. The ABCB1 2677TT/3435TT genotype had a statistically significant lower aripiprazole Ct/ds if compared with patients with others ABCB1 genotypes (P-value: 0.026). Information obtained on ABCB1 and ABCG2 gene variants may result useful to tailor treatments with these drugs in Caucasian pediatric patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Rafaniello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Sessa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - F F Bernardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Pozzi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - S Cheli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - D Cattaneo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Baldelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Molteni
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - R Bernardini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Rossi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - E Clementi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Bravaccio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychiatry, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - S Radice
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hong M. Biochemical studies on the structure-function relationship of major drug transporters in the ATP-binding cassette family and solute carrier family. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 116:3-20. [PMID: 27317853 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human drug transporters often play key roles in determining drug accumulation within cells. Their activities are often directly related to therapeutic efficacy, drug toxicity as well as drug-drug interactions. However, the progress for interpretation of their crystal structures is relatively slow. Hence, conventional biochemical studies together with computer modeling became useful manners to reveal essential structures of these membrane proteins. Over the years, quite a few structure-function relationship information had been obtained for members of the two major transporter families: the ATP-binding cassette family and the solute carrier family. Critical structural features of drug transporters include transmembrane domains, post-translational modification sites and domains for cell surface assembly and protein-protein interactions. Alterations at these important sites may affect protein stability, trafficking to the plasma membrane and/or ability of transporters to interact with substrates.
Collapse
|
29
|
Teodori E, Dei S, Bartolucci G, Perrone MG, Manetti D, Romanelli MN, Contino M, Colabufo NA. Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on 6,7-Dimethoxy-2-phenethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives as Multidrug Resistance Reversers. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1369-1379. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Teodori
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA-Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica; Università di Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Silvia Dei
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA-Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica; Università di Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA-Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica; Università di Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Dina Manetti
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA-Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica; Università di Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Maria Novella Romanelli
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA-Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica; Università di Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; via Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
ABCG2 is one of at least three human ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters which can facilitate the export from cells of a wide range of chemically unrelated drug molecules. This capacity for multidrug transport is not only a confounding factor in chemotherapy, but is also one of the more perplexing phenomena in transporter biochemistry. Since its discovery in the last decade of the 20th century much has been revealed about ABCG2’s localization, physiological function and its broad substrate range. There have also been many investigations of its structure and molecular mechanism. In this mini review article we take a Rumsfeldian approach to ABCG2 and essentially ask what we do know about this transporter, and what we will need to know about this transporter if we wish to use modulation of ABCG2 activity as a therapeutic approach.
Collapse
|
31
|
Fani N, Sattarinezhad E, Bordbar AK. Identification of new 2,5-diketopiperazine derivatives as simultaneous effective inhibitors of αβ-tubulin and BCRP proteins: Molecular docking, Structure−Activity Relationships and virtual consensus docking studies. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
32
|
Krapf MK, Gallus J, Wiese M. 4-Anilino-2-pyridylquinazolines and -pyrimidines as Highly Potent and Nontoxic Inhibitors of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2). J Med Chem 2017; 60:4474-4495. [PMID: 28471656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins remains a major problem in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer and might be overcome by inhibition of the transporter. Because of the lack of understanding, the complex mechanisms involved in the transport process, in particular for breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2), there is a persistent need for studies of inhibitors of ABCG2. In this study, we investigated a systematic series of 4-substituted-2-pyridylquinazolines in terms of their inhibitory potency as well as selectivity toward ABCG2. For comparison, the quinazoline scaffold was reduced to the significantly smaller 4-methylpyrimidine basic structure. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and the ability to reverse MDR was tested with the chemotherapeutic agents SN-38 and mitoxantrone (MX). Interaction of the compounds with ABCG2 was investigated by a colorimetric ATPase assay. Enzyme kinetic studies were carried out with Hoechst 33342 as fluorescent dye and substrate of ABCG2 to elucidate the compounds binding modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Krapf
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jennifer Gallus
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wiese
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hong WC, Yano H, Hiranita T, Chin FT, McCurdy CR, Su TP, Amara SG, Katz JL. The sigma-1 receptor modulates dopamine transporter conformation and cocaine binding and may thereby potentiate cocaine self-administration in rats. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11250-11261. [PMID: 28495886 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.774075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates dopamine (DA) neurotransmission by recapturing DA into the presynaptic terminals and is a principal target of the psychostimulant cocaine. The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is a molecular chaperone, and its ligands have been shown to modulate DA neuronal signaling, although their effects on DAT activity are unclear. Here, we report that the prototypical σ1R agonist (+)-pentazocine potentiated the dose response of cocaine self-administration in rats, consistent with the effects of the σR agonists PRE-084 and DTG (1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine) reported previously. These behavioral effects appeared to be correlated with functional changes of DAT. Preincubation with (+)-pentazocine or PRE-084 increased the Bmax values of [3H]WIN35428 binding to DAT in rat striatal synaptosomes and transfected cells. A specific interaction between σ1R and DAT was detected by co-immunoprecipitation and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays. Mutational analyses indicated that the transmembrane domain of σ1R likely mediated this interaction. Furthermore, cysteine accessibility assays showed that σ1R agonist preincubation potentiated cocaine-induced changes in DAT conformation, which were blocked by the specific σ1R antagonist CM304. Moreover, σ1R ligands had distinct effects on σ1R multimerization. CM304 increased the proportion of multimeric σ1Rs, whereas (+)-pentazocine increased monomeric σ1Rs. Together these results support the hypothesis that σ1R agonists promote dissociation of σ1R multimers into monomers, which then interact with DAT to stabilize an outward-facing DAT conformation and enhance cocaine binding. We propose that this novel molecular mechanism underlies the behavioral potentiation of cocaine self-administration by σ1R agonists in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Conrad Hong
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46208,
| | - Hideaki Yano
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Takato Hiranita
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Frederick T Chin
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- the Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, and
| | - Tsung-Ping Su
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Susan G Amara
- the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jonathan L Katz
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Toussaint F, Pierman B, Bertin A, Lévy D, Boutry M. Purification and biochemical characterization of NpABCG5/NpPDR5, a plant pleiotropic drug resistance transporter expressed in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cells. Biochem J 2017; 474:1689-1703. [PMID: 28298475 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) transporters belong to the ABCG subfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and are involved in the transport of various molecules across plasma membranes. During evolution, PDR genes appeared independently in fungi and in plants from a duplication of a half-size ABC gene. The enzymatic properties of purified PDR transporters from yeast have been characterized. This is not the case for any plant PDR transporter, or, incidentally, for any purified plant ABC transporter. Yet, plant PDR transporters play important roles in plant physiology such as hormone signaling or resistance to pathogens or herbivores. Here, we describe the expression, purification, enzymatic characterization and 2D analysis by electron microscopy of NpABCG5/NpPDR5 from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, which has been shown to be involved in the plant defense against herbivores. We constitutively expressed NpABCG5/NpPDR5, provided with a His-tag in a homologous system: suspension cells from Nicotiana tabacum (Bright Yellow 2 line). NpABCG5/NpPDR5 was targeted to the plasma membrane and was solubilized by dodecyl maltoside and purified by Ni-affinity chromatography. The ATP-hydrolyzing specific activity (27 nmol min-1 mg-1) was stimulated seven-fold in the presence of 0.1% asolectin. Electron microscopy analysis indicated that NpABCG5/NpPDR5 is monomeric and with dimensions shorter than those of known ABC transporters. Enzymatic data (optimal pH and sensitivity to inhibitors) confirmed that plant and fungal PDR transporters have different properties. These data also show that N. tabacum suspension cells are a convenient host for the purification and biochemical characterization of ABC transporters.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/chemistry
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/isolation & purification
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/chemistry
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/isolation & purification
- Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Batch Cell Culture Techniques
- Bioreactors
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cell Membrane/ultrastructure
- Cells, Cultured
- Chromatography, Affinity
- Detergents/chemistry
- Glucosides/chemistry
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Membrane Transport Modulators/pharmacology
- Microscopy, Electron
- Molecular Weight
- Phosphatidylcholines/chemistry
- Plant Proteins/chemistry
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/isolation & purification
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/isolation & purification
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Solubility
- Nicotiana/cytology
- Nicotiana/enzymology
- Nicotiana/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Toussaint
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Pierman
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Lévy
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marc Boutry
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Thakkar N, Slizgi JR, Brouwer KLR. Effect of Liver Disease on Hepatic Transporter Expression and Function. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2282-2294. [PMID: 28465155 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Liver disease can alter the disposition of xenobiotics and endogenous substances. Regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Evaluation Agency recommend, if possible, studying the effect of liver disease on drugs under development to guide specific dose recommendations in these patients. Although extensive research has been conducted to characterize the effect of liver disease on drug-metabolizing enzymes, emerging data have implicated that the expression and function of hepatobiliary transport proteins also are altered in liver disease. This review summarizes recent developments in the field, which may have implications for understanding altered disposition, safety, and efficacy of new and existing drugs. A brief review of liver physiology and hepatic transporter localization/function is provided. Then, the expression and function of hepatic transporters in cholestasis, hepatitis C infection, hepatocellular carcinoma, human immunodeficiency virus infection, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis are reviewed. In the absence of clinical data, nonclinical information in animal models is presented. This review aims to advance the understanding of altered expression and function of hepatic transporters in liver disease and the implications of such changes on drug disposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Thakkar
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Jason R Slizgi
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Kim L R Brouwer
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cleophas MC, Joosten LA, Stamp LK, Dalbeth N, Woodward OM, Merriman TR. ABCG2 polymorphisms in gout: insights into disease susceptibility and treatment approaches. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2017; 10:129-142. [PMID: 28461764 PMCID: PMC5404803 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s105854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the association of a common polymorphism (rs2231142, Q141K) in the ATP-binding cassette G2 (ABCG2) transporter with serum urate concentration in a genome-wide association study, it was revealed that ABCG2 is an important uric acid transporter. This review discusses the relevance of ABCG2 polymorphisms in gout, possible etiological mechanisms, and treatment approaches. The 141K ABCG2 urate-increasing variant causes instability in the nucleotide-binding domain, leading to decreased surface expression and function. Trafficking of the protein to the cell membrane is altered, and instead, there is an increased ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of the variant protein as well as sequestration into aggresomes. In humans, this leads to decreased uric acid excretion through both the kidney and the gut with the potential for a subsequent compensatory increase in renal urinary excretion. Not only does the 141K polymorphism in ABCG2 lead to hyperuricemia through renal overload and renal underexcretion, but emerging evidence indicates that it also increases the risk of acute gout in the presence of hyperuricemia, early onset of gout, tophi formation, and a poor response to allopurinol. In addition, there is some evidence that ABCG2 dysfunction may promote renal dysfunction in chronic kidney disease patients, increase systemic inflammatory responses, and decrease cellular autophagic responses to stress. These results suggest multiple benefits in restoring ABCG2 function. It has been shown that decreased ABCG2 141K surface expression and function can be restored with colchicine and other small molecule correctors. However, caution should be exercised in any application of these approaches given the role of surface ABCG2 in drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Cleophas
- Department of Internal Medicine.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - L A Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - L K Stamp
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch
| | - N Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - O M Woodward
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sekhar GN, Georgian AR, Sanderson L, Vizcay-Barrena G, Brown RC, Muresan P, Fleck RA, Thomas SA. Organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) is involved in pentamidine transport at the human and mouse blood-brain barrier (BBB). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173474. [PMID: 28362799 PMCID: PMC5376088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentamidine is an effective trypanocidal drug used against stage 1 Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT). At the blood-brain barrier (BBB), it accumulates inside the endothelial cells but has limited entry into the brain. This study examined transporters involved in pentamidine transport at the human and mouse BBB using hCMEC/D3 and bEnd.3 cell lines, respectively. Results revealed that both cell lines expressed the organic cation transporters (OCT1, OCT2 and OCT3), however, P-gp was only expressed in hCMEC/D3 cells. Polarised expression of OCT1 was also observed. Functional assays found that ATP depletion significantly increased [3H]pentamidine accumulation in hCMEC/D3 cells (***p<0.001) but not in bEnd.3 cells. Incubation with unlabelled pentamidine significantly decreased accumulation in hCMEC/D3 and bEnd.3 cells after 120 minutes (***p<0.001). Treating both cell lines with haloperidol and amantadine also decreased [3H]pentamidine accumulation significantly (***p<0.001 and **p<0.01 respectively). However, prazosin treatment decreased [3H]pentamidine accumulation only in hCMEC/D3 cells (*p<0.05), and not bEnd.3 cells. Furthermore, the presence of OCTN, MATE, PMAT, ENT or CNT inhibitors/substrates had no significant effect on the accumulation of [3H]pentamidine in both cell lines. From the data, we conclude that pentamidine interacts with multiple transporters, is taken into brain endothelial cells by OCT1 transporter and is extruded into the blood by ATP-dependent mechanisms. These interactions along with the predominant presence of OCT1 in the luminal membrane of the BBB contribute to the limited entry of pentamidine into the brain. This information is of key importance to the development of pentamidine based combination therapies which could be used to treat CNS stage HAT by improving CNS delivery, efficacy against trypanosomes and safety profile of pentamidine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri N. Sekhar
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo, London United Kingdom
| | - Ana R. Georgian
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo, London United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Sanderson
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo, London United Kingdom
| | - Gema Vizcay-Barrena
- King’s College London, Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King’s College London, London Bridge United Kingdom
| | - Rachel C. Brown
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo, London United Kingdom
| | - Paula Muresan
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo, London United Kingdom
| | - Roland A. Fleck
- King’s College London, Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King’s College London, London Bridge United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A. Thomas
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Waterloo, London United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sjöstedt N, van den Heuvel JJMW, Koenderink JB, Kidron H. Transmembrane Domain Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Impair Expression and Transport Activity of ABC Transporter ABCG2. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1626-1636. [PMID: 28281205 PMCID: PMC5498656 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To study the function and expression of nine naturally occurring single-nucleotide polymorphisms (G406R, F431L, S441N, P480L, F489L, M515R, L525R, A528T and T542A) that are predicted to reside in the transmembrane regions of the ABC transporter ABCG2. Methods The transport activity of the variants was tested in inside-out membrane vesicles from Sf9 insect and human derived HEK293 cells overexpressing ABCG2. Lucifer Yellow and estrone sulfate were used as probe substrates of activity. The expression levels and cellular localization of the variants was compared to the wild-type ABCG2 by western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Results All studied variants of ABCG2 displayed markedly decreased transport in both Sf9-ABCG2 and HEK293-ABCG2 vesicles. Impaired transport could be explained for some variants by altered expression levels and cellular localization. Moreover, the destructive effect on transport activity of variants G406R, P480L, M515R and T542A is, to our knowledge, reported for the first time. Conclusions These results indicate that the transmembrane region of ABCG2 is sensitive to amino acid substitution and that patients harboring these ABCG2 variant forms could suffer from unexpected pharmacokinetic events of ABCG2 substrate drugs or have an increased risk for diseases such as gout where ABCG2 is implicated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11095-017-2127-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noora Sjöstedt
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeroen J M W van den Heuvel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5E, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pires ADRA, Lecerf-Schmidt F, Guragossian N, Pazinato J, Gozzi GJ, Winter E, Valdameri G, Veale A, Boumendjel A, Di Pietro A, Pérès B. New, highly potent and non-toxic, chromone inhibitors of the human breast cancer resistance protein ABCG2. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:291-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
40
|
Joshi AA, Vaidya SS, St-Pierre MV, Mikheev AM, Desino KE, Nyandege AN, Audus KL, Unadkat JD, Gerk PM. Placental ABC Transporters: Biological Impact and Pharmaceutical Significance. Pharm Res 2016; 33:2847-2878. [PMID: 27644937 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The human placenta fulfills a variety of essential functions during prenatal life. Several ABC transporters are expressed in the human placenta, where they play a role in the transport of endogenous compounds and may protect the fetus from exogenous compounds such as therapeutic agents, drugs of abuse, and other xenobiotics. To date, considerable progress has been made toward understanding ABC transporters in the placenta. Recent studies on the expression and functional activities are discussed. This review discusses the placental expression and functional roles of several members of ABC transporter subfamilies B, C, and G including MDR1/P-glycoprotein, the MRPs, and BCRP, respectively. Since placental ABC transporters modulate fetal exposure to various compounds, an understanding of their functional and regulatory mechanisms will lead to more optimal medication use when necessary in pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand A Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0533, USA
| | - Soniya S Vaidya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0533, USA
- Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie V St-Pierre
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrei M Mikheev
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA
| | - Kelly E Desino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas School of Pharmacy, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Abbvie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Abner N Nyandege
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0533, USA
| | - Kenneth L Audus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas School of Pharmacy, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Phillip M Gerk
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0533, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mohammad MM, Tomita N, Ohta M, Movileanu L. The Transmembrane Domain of a Bicomponent ABC Transporter Exhibits Channel-Forming Activity. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:2506-18. [PMID: 27379442 PMCID: PMC5026576 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that expresses two unique forms of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) on its bacterial surface, the A- and B-bands. The A-band polysaccharides (A-band PSs) are thought to be exported into the periplasm via a bicomponent ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter located within the inner membrane. This ABC protein complex consists of the transmembrane (TMD) Wzm and nucleotide-binding (NBD) Wzt domain proteins. Here, we were able to probe ∼1.36 nS-average conductance openings of the Wzm-based protein complex when reconstituted into a lipid membrane buffered by a 200 mM KCl solution, demonstrating the large-conductance, channel-forming ability of the TMDs. In agreement with this finding, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging revealed the ring-shaped structure of the transmembrane Wzm protein complex. As hypothesized, using liposomes, we demonstrated that Wzm interacts with Wzt. Further, the Wzt polypeptide indeed hydrolyzed ATP but exhibited a ∼75% reduction in the ATPase activity when its Walker A domain was deleted. The distribution and average unitary conductance of the TMD Wzm protein complex were altered by the presence of the NBD Wzt protein, confirming the regulatory role of the latter polypeptide. To our knowledge, the large-conductance, channel-like activity of the Wzm protein complex, although often hypothesized, has not previously been demonstrated. These results constitute a platform for future structural, biophysical, and functional explorations of this bicomponent ABC transporter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Mohammad
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244-1130, USA
| | - Noriko Tomita
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244-1130, USA
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohta
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Liviu Movileanu
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, 201 Physics Building, Syracuse, New York 13244-1130, USA
- Structural Biology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics Program, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, USA
- The Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 121 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Meissner K, Heydrich B, Jedlitschky G, Meyer Zu Schwabedissen H, Mosyagin I, Dazert P, Eckel L, Vogelgesang S, Warzok RW, Böhm M, Lehmann C, Wendt M, Cascorbi I, Kroemer HK. The ATP-binding Cassette Transporter ABCG2 (BCRP), a Marker for Side Population Stem Cells, Is Expressed in Human Heart. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 54:215-21. [PMID: 16116030 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5a6750.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to improve severely impaired myocardial function include transplantation of autologous hematopoietic side population (SP) stem cells. The transmembrane ABC-type (ATP binding cassette) half-transporter ABCG2 (BCRP) serves as a marker protein for SP cell selection. We have recently shown that other ABC transport proteins such as ABCB1 and ABCC5 are differentially expressed in normal and diseased human heart. Here we investigated localization and individual ABCG2 expression in 15 ventricular (including 10 cardiomyopathic) and 51 auricular heart tissue samples using immunohistochemistry, confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy, and real-time RT-PCR. Individual genotypes were assigned using PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and subsequently correlated to ABCG2 mRNA levels. ABCG2 was localized in endothelial cells of capillaries and arterioles of all samples. Ventricular samples from cardiomyopathic hearts exhibited significantly increased levels of ABCG2 mRNA (ABCG2/18S rRNA: 1.08 ± 0.30 × 10−7; p = 0.028 (dilative cardiomyopathy) and 1.16 ± 0.46 × 10−7; p = 0.009 (ischemic cardiomyopathy) compared with 0.44 ± 0.26 × 10−7 in nonfailing hearts). The individual haplotypes were not associated with altered mRNA expression. ABCG2 is variably expressed in endothelial cells of human heart, where it may function as a protective barrier against cardiotoxic drugs such as anthracyclines or mitoxantrone. ABCG2 expression is induced in dilative and ischemic cardiomyopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Meissner
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Friedrich-Loeffler-Str. 23d, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hegyi Z, Homolya L. Functional Cooperativity between ABCG4 and ABCG1 Isoforms. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156516. [PMID: 27228027 PMCID: PMC4882005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCG4 belongs to the ABCG subfamily, the members of which are half transporters composed of a single transmembrane and a single nucleotide-binding domain. ABCG proteins have a reverse domain topology as compared to other mammalian ABC transporters, and have to form functional dimers, since the catalytic sites for ATP binding and hydrolysis, as well as the transmembrane domains are composed of distinct parts of the monomers. Here we demonstrate that ABCG4 can form homodimers, but also heterodimers with its closest relative, ABCG1. Both the full-length and the short isoforms of ABCG1 can dimerize with ABCG4, whereas the ABCG2 multidrug transporter is unable to form a heterodimer with ABCG4. We also show that contrary to that reported in some previous studies, ABCG4 is predominantly localized to the plasma membrane. While both ABCG1 and ABCG4 have been suggested to be involved in lipid transport or regulation, in accordance with our previous results regarding the long version of ABCG1, here we document that the expression of both the short isoform of ABCG1 as well as ABCG4 induce apoptosis in various cell types. This apoptotic effect, as a functional read-out, allowed us to demonstrate that the dimerization between these half transporters is not only a physical interaction but functional cooperativity. Given that ABCG4 is predominantly expressed in microglial-like cells and endothelial cells in the brain, our finding of ABCG4-induced apoptosis may implicate a new role for this protein in the clearance mechanisms within the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Hegyi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Homolya
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Krapf MK, Wiese M. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4-Anilino-quinazolines and -quinolines as Inhibitors of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2). J Med Chem 2016; 59:5449-61. [PMID: 27148793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer often fails due to overexpression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins, like ABCG2, triggering active efflux of various structurally unrelated drugs. This so-called multidrug resistance (MDR) may be reversed by selective, potent, and nontoxic inhibitors of ABCG2. As only a few potent inhibitors are known, new compounds based on a 4-substituted-2-phenylquinazoline scaffold were investigated. Substitution with hydroxy, cyano, nitro, acetamido, and fluoro led to high inhibitory activities toward ABCG2. The ability to reverse MDR of the most active compounds was confirmed in a MTT efficacy assay. Moreover, a negligibly low intrinsic cytotoxicity was found resulting in a high therapeutic ratio. Investigations of the inhibitory activity toward ABCB1 and ABCC1 yielded a high selectivity toward ABCG2 for the quinazoline compounds. Quinoline-based analogues showed lower inhibitory activity and selectivity. The study yielded a variety of promising compounds, some with superior properties compared to those of the standard inhibitor Ko143.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Krapf
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wiese
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn , An der Immenburg 4 53121, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Krishnan SR, Jaiswal R, Brown RD, Luk F, Bebawy M. Multiple myeloma and persistence of drug resistance in the age of novel drugs (Review). Int J Oncol 2016; 49:33-50. [PMID: 27175906 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a mature B cell neoplasm that results in multi-organ failure. The median age of onset, diverse clinical manifestations, heterogeneous survival rate, clonal evolution, intrinsic and acquired drug resistance have impact on the therapeutic management of the disease. Specifically, the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) during the course of treatment contributes significantly to treatment failure. The introduction of the immunomodulatory agents and proteasome inhibitors has seen an increase in overall patient survival, however, for the majority of patients, relapse remains inevitable with evidence that these agents, like the conventional chemotherapeutics are also subject to the development of MDR. Clinical management of patients with MM is currently compromised by lack of a suitable procedure to monitor the development of clinical drug resistance in individual patients. The current MM prognostic measures fail to pick the clonotypic tumor cells overexpressing drug efflux pumps, and invasive biopsy is insufficient in detecting sporadic tumors in the skeletal system. This review summarizes the challenges associated with treating the complex disease spectrum of myeloma, with an emphasis on the role of deleterious multidrug resistant clones orchestrating relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabna Rajeev Krishnan
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ritu Jaiswal
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ross D Brown
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Frederick Luk
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kachalaki S, Ebrahimi M, Mohamed Khosroshahi L, Mohammadinejad S, Baradaran B. Cancer chemoresistance; biochemical and molecular aspects: a brief overview. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 89:20-30. [PMID: 27094906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of chemotherapy is one of the main challenges in cancer treatment and resistance to classic drugs and traditional treatment processes is an obstacle to this goal. Drug resistance that may be inherent or adventitious can cause poor treatment outcome and tumor relapse. In most cases, resistance to a drug can lead to resistance to many other drugs structure and function of which is not necessarily similar to the first drug. This phenomenon is the main mechanism behind failure of many of metastatic cancers. There are various molecular mechanisms involved in multidrug resistance, including change in the activity of membrane transporters (such as ABC transporters), increase of drug metabolism, change of the target enzyme (such as mutations that change thymidylate synthase and topoisomerases), promotion of DNA damage repair, and escape from drug induced apoptosis. Clinical and laboratory investigations on biomarkers involved in the response to chemotherapy have characterized the key factors behind the failure of treatments. Knowing the molecular factors involved in drug resistance may help us to develop new strategies for more promising chemotherapy and reduce the rate of relapse. In this brief review, molecular mechanisms and tumor microenvironment leading to decreased drug sensitivity, and strategies of reversing drug resistance are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Kachalaki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mina Ebrahimi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Sina Mohammadinejad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ren Z, Gu X, Lu B, Chen Y, Chen G, Feng J, Lin J, Zhang Y, Peng H. Anticancer efficacy of a nitric oxide-modified derivative of bifendate against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1095-105. [PMID: 26864945 PMCID: PMC4882976 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) not only actively transports a wide range of cytotoxic drugs across drug transporters but is also a complex interaction between a number of important cellular signalling pathways. Nitric oxide donors appear to be a new class of anticancer therapeutics for satisfying all the above conditions. Previously, we reported furoxan‐based nitric oxide‐releasing compounds that exhibited selective antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we demonstrate that bifendate (DDB)‐nitric oxide, a synthetic furoxan‐based nitric oxide‐releasing derivative of bifendate, effectively inhibits the both sensitive and MDR tumour cell viability at a comparatively low concentration. Interestingly, the potency of DDB‐nitric oxide is the independent of inhibition of the functions and expressions of three major ABC transporters. The mechanism of DDB‐nitric oxide appears to be in two modes of actions by inducing mitochondrial tyrosine nitration and apoptosis, as well as by down‐regulating HIF‐1α expression and protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK), nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) activation in MDR cells. Moreover, the addition of a typical nitric oxide scavenger significantly attenuated all the effects of DDB‐nitric oxide, indicating that the cytotoxicity of DDB‐nitric oxide is as a result of higher levels of nitric oxide release in MDR cancer cells. Given that acquired MDR to nitric oxide donors is reportedly difficult to achieve and genetically unstable, compound like DDB‐nitric oxide may be a new type of therapeutic agent for the treatment of MDR tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ren
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaqiong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojiang Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wong K, Briddon SJ, Holliday ND, Kerr ID. Plasma membrane dynamics and tetrameric organisation of ABCG2 transporters in mammalian cells revealed by single particle imaging techniques. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:19-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
49
|
Association of ABCB1 and ABCG2 single nucleotide polymorphisms with clinical findings and response to chemotherapy treatments in Kurdish patients with breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7901-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
50
|
Sivapackiam J, Harpstrite SE, Prior JL, Mattingly S, Sharma V. (67/68)Galmydar: A metalloprobe for monitoring breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)-mediated functional transport activity. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 43:191-7. [PMID: 26924499 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For stratification of chemotherapeutic choices, radiopharmaceuticals capable of imaging breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2)-mediated functional transport are desired. To accomplish this objective, Galmydar, a fluorescent and moderately hydrophobic Ga(III) cationic complex and its (67/68)Ga-radiolabeled counterparts were interrogated in HEK293 cells stably transfected with BCRP and their WT counterparts transfected with empty vector. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity of (68)Ga-Galmydar to evaluate functional expression of BCRP at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was investigated in gene-knockout mdr1a/1b(-/-) (double knockout, dKO) and mdr1a/1b(-/-)ABCG2(-/-) (triple knockout, tKO) mouse models. METHODS For radiotracer uptake assays and live cell fluorescence imaging, either (67)Ga-Galmydar or its unlabeled counterpart was incubated in HEK293 cells transfected with BCRP (HEK293/BCRP) and their WT counterparts at 37°C under a continuous flux of CO2 (5%) in the presence or absence of Ko143, a potent BCRP antagonist, and cellular uptake was measured to assess the sensitivity of Galmydar to probe BCRP-mediated functional transport activity in cellulo. For assessing the potential of Galmydar to enable diagnostic imaging of targeted tissues in vivo, the (67)Ga-radiolabeled counterpart was incubated in either human serum albumin or human serum at 37°C and the percentage of unbound (67)Ga-Galmydar was determined. To evaluate the sensitivity of (68)Ga-Galmydar for molecular imaging of BCRP-mediated efflux activity in vivo, microPET/CT brain imaging was performed in dKO and tKO mice and their age-matched WT counterparts, 60min post-intravenous injection. RESULTS (67)Ga-Galmydar shows uptake profiles in HEK293 cells inversely proportional to BCRP expression, and antagonist (Ko143) induced accumulation in HEK293/BCRP cells, thus indicating target sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, employing the fluorescent characteristics of Galmydar, optical imaging in HEK293/BCRP cells shows an excellent correlation with the radiotracer cellular accumulation data. (67)Ga-Galmydar shows > 85% unbound fraction and presence of parental compound in human serum. Finally, microPET/CT imaging shows higher retention of (68)Ga-Galmydar in brains of dKO and tKO mice compared to their age-matched WT counterparts, 60min post-intravenous tail-vein injection. CONCLUSIONS Combined data indicate that Galmydar could provide a template scaffold for development of a PET tracer for imaging BCRP-mediated functional transport activity in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jothilingam Sivapackiam
- ICCE Institute, Molecular Imaging Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott E Harpstrite
- ICCE Institute, Molecular Imaging Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Julie L Prior
- ICCE Institute, Molecular Imaging Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephen Mattingly
- ICCE Institute, Molecular Imaging Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Students and Teachers As Research Scientists (STARS), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vijay Sharma
- ICCE Institute, Molecular Imaging Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Students and Teachers As Research Scientists (STARS), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|