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Deng M, Du S, Hou H, Xiao J. Structural insights into the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI complex. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07864-5. [PMID: 39169187 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a pivotal role in allergic responses1,2. The high-affinity IgE receptor, FcεRI, found on mast cells and basophils, is central to the effector functions of IgE. FcεRI is a tetrameric complex, comprising FcεRIα, FcεRIβ and a homodimer of FcRγ (originally known as FcεRIγ), with FcεRIα recognizing the Fc region of IgE (Fcε) and FcεRIβ-FcRγ facilitating signal transduction3. Additionally, FcRγ is a crucial component of other immunoglobulin receptors, including those for IgG (FcγRI and FcγRIIIA) and IgA (FcαRI)4-8. However, the molecular basis of FcεRI assembly and the structure of FcRγ have remained elusive. Here we elucidate the cryogenic electron microscopy structure of the Fcε-FcεRI complex. FcεRIα has an essential role in the receptor's assembly, interacting with FcεRIβ and both FcRγ subunits. FcεRIβ is structured as a compact four-helix bundle, similar to the B cell antigen CD20. The FcRγ dimer exhibits an asymmetric architecture, and coils with the transmembrane region of FcεRIα to form a three-helix bundle. A cholesterol-like molecule enhances the interaction between FcεRIβ and the FcεRIα-FcRγ complex. Our mutagenesis analyses further indicate similarities between the interaction of FcRγ with FcεRIα and FcγRIIIA, but differences in that with FcαRI. These findings deepen our understanding of the signalling mechanisms of FcεRI and offer insights into the functionality of other immune receptors dependent on FcRγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Du
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Handi Hou
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Wines BD, Trist HM, Esparon S, Impey RE, Mackay GA, Andrews RK, Soares da Costa TP, Pietersz GA, Baker RI, Hogarth PM. Fc Binding by FcγRIIa Is Essential for Cellular Activation by the Anti-FcγRIIa mAbs 8.26 and 8.2. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666813. [PMID: 34759915 PMCID: PMC8573391 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
FcγR activity underpins the role of antibodies in both protective immunity and auto-immunity and importantly, the therapeutic activity of many monoclonal antibody therapies. Some monoclonal anti-FcγR antibodies activate their receptors, but the properties required for cell activation are not well defined. Here we examined activation of the most widely expressed human FcγR; FcγRIIa, by two non-blocking, mAbs, 8.26 and 8.2. Crosslinking of FcγRIIa by the mAb F(ab’)2 regions alone was insufficient for activation, indicating activation also required receptor engagement by the Fc region. Similarly, when mutant receptors were inactivated in the Fc binding site, so that intact mAb was only able to engage receptors via its two Fab regions, again activation did not occur. Mutation of FcγRIIa in the epitope recognized by the agonist mAbs, completely abrogated the activity of mAb 8.26, but mAb 8.2 activity was only partially inhibited indicating differences in receptor recognition by these mAbs. FcγRIIa inactivated in the Fc binding site was next co-expressed with the FcγRIIa mutated in the epitope recognized by the Fab so that each mAb 8.26 molecule can contribute only three interactions, each with separate receptors, one via the Fc and two via the Fab regions. When the Fab and Fc binding were thus segregated onto different receptor molecules receptor activation by intact mAb did not occur. Thus, receptor activation requires mAb 8.26 Fab and Fc interaction simultaneously with the same receptor molecules. Establishing the molecular nature of FcγR engagement required for cell activation may inform the optimal design of therapeutic mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Halina M Trist
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra Esparon
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachael E Impey
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Graham A Mackay
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert K Andrews
- Department Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Tatiana P Soares da Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Pietersz
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross I Baker
- Perth Blood Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Western Australian Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Laboratory, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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3
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Lee WS, Selva KJ, Davis SK, Wines BD, Reynaldi A, Esterbauer R, Kelly HG, Haycroft ER, Tan HX, Juno JA, Wheatley AK, Hogarth PM, Cromer D, Davenport MP, Chung AW, Kent SJ. Decay of Fc-dependent antibody functions after mild to moderate COVID-19. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100296. [PMID: 33997824 PMCID: PMC8106889 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin John Selva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha K. Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Robyn Esterbauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah G. Kelly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ebene R. Haycroft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Juno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Deborah Cromer
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Miles P. Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Amy W. Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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4
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Mu L, Tu Z, Miao L, Ruan H, Kang N, Hei Y, Chen J, Wei W, Gong F, Wang B, Du Y, Ma G, Amerein MW, Xia T, Shi Y. A phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate redistribution-based sensing mechanism initiates a phagocytosis programing. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4259. [PMID: 30323235 PMCID: PMC6189171 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is one of the earliest cellular functions, developing approximately 2 billion years ago. Although FcR-based phagocytic signaling is well-studied, how it originated from ancient phagocytosis is unknown. Lipid redistribution upregulates a phagocytic program recapitulating FcR-based phagocytosis with complete dependence on Src family kinases, Syk, and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K). Here we show that in phagocytes, an atypical ITAM sequence in the ancient membrane anchor protein Moesin transduces signal without receptor activation. Plasma membrane deformation created by solid structure binding generates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) accumulation at the contact site, which binds the Moesin FERM domain and relocalizes Syk to the membrane via the ITAM motif. Phylogenic analysis traces this signaling using PI3K and Syk to 0.8 billion years ago, earlier than immune receptor signaling. The proposed general model of solid structure phagocytosis implies a preexisting lipid redistribution-based activation platform collecting intracellular signaling components for the emergence of immune receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Mu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhongyuan Tu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
| | - Lin Miao
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hefei Ruan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ning Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongzhen Hei
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fangling Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Matthias W Amerein
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
| | - Tie Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute for Immunology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases and Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, AB, Canada.
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5
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Wines BD, Yap ML, Powell MS, Tan P, Ko KK, Orlowski E, Hogarth PM. Distinctive expression of interleukin‐23 receptor subunits on human Th17 and γδ T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 95:272-279. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - May L Yap
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Maree S Powell
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Peck‐Szee Tan
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - K Kerry Ko
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Eva Orlowski
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University Central Clinical School Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
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6
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Chenoweth AM, Trist HM, Tan PS, Wines BD, Hogarth PM. The high-affinity receptor for IgG, FcγRI, of humans and non-human primates. Immunol Rev 2015; 268:175-91. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Chenoweth
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Immunology; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Halina M. Trist
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Peck-Szee Tan
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Bruce D. Wines
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Immunology; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Pathology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - P. Mark Hogarth
- Centre for Biomedicine; Burnet Institute; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Immunology; Monash University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Pathology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
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7
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8
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Trist HM, Tan PS, Wines BD, Ramsland PA, Orlowski E, Stubbs J, Gardiner EE, Pietersz GA, Kent SJ, Stratov I, Burton DR, Hogarth PM. Polymorphisms and interspecies differences of the activating and inhibitory FcγRII of Macaca nemestrina influence the binding of human IgG subclasses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 192:792-803. [PMID: 24342805 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Little is known of the impact of Fc receptor (FcR) polymorphism in macaques on the binding of human (hu)IgG, and nothing is known of this interaction in the pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), which is used in preclinical evaluation of vaccines and therapeutic Abs. We defined the sequence and huIgG binding characteristics of the M. nemestrina activating FcγRIIa (mnFcγRIIa) and inhibitory FcγRIIb (mnFcγRIIb) and predicted their structures using the huIgGFc/huFcγRIIa crystal structure. Large differences were observed in the binding of huIgG by mnFcγRIIa and mnFcγRIIb compared with their human FcR counterparts. MnFcγRIIa has markedly impaired binding of huIgG1 and huIgG2 immune complexes compared with huFcγRIIa (His(131)). In contrast, mnFcγRIIb has enhanced binding of huIgG1 and broader specificity, as, unlike huFcγRIIb, it avidly binds IgG2. Mutagenesis and molecular modeling of mnFcγRIIa showed that Pro(159) and Tyr(160) impair the critical FG loop interaction with huIgG. The enhanced binding of huIgG1 and huIgG2 by mnFcγRIIb was shown to be dependent on His(131) and Met(132). Significantly, both His(131) and Met(132) are conserved across FcγRIIb of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques. We identified functionally significant polymorphism of mnFcγRIIa wherein proline at position 131, also an important polymorphic site in huFcγRIIa, almost abolished binding of huIgG2 and huIgG1 and reduced binding of huIgG3 compared with mnFcγRIIa His(131). These marked interspecies differences in IgG binding between human and macaque FcRs and polymorphisms within species have implications for preclinical evaluation of Abs and vaccines in macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina M Trist
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
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9
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van Egmond M, Bakema JE. Neutrophils as effector cells for antibody-based immunotherapy of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2013; 23:190-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Otten MA, Bakema JE, Tuk CW, Glennie MJ, Tutt AL, Beelen RH, van de Winkel JGJ, van Egmond M. Enhanced FcαRI-mediated neutrophil migration towards tumour colonies in the presence of endothelial cells. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:1815-21. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201141982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jantine E. Bakema
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VUMC; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis W. Tuk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VUMC; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Martin J. Glennie
- Tenovus Research Laboratory; Cancer Sciences Division; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton; United Kingdom
| | - Alison L. Tutt
- Tenovus Research Laboratory; Cancer Sciences Division; Southampton General Hospital; Southampton; United Kingdom
| | - Robert H.J. Beelen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VUMC; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
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11
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The human immunoglobulin A Fc receptor FcαRI: a multifaceted regulator of mucosal immunity. Mucosal Immunol 2011; 4:612-24. [PMID: 21937986 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2011.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is commonly recognized as the most prevalent antibody (Ab) at mucosal sites with an important role in defense by shielding mucosal surfaces from invasion by pathogens. However, its potential to both actively dampen excessive immune responses or to initiate potent proinflammatory cellular processes is less well known. Interestingly, either functional outcome is mediated through interaction with the myeloid IgA Fc receptor FcαRI (CD89). Monomeric interaction of IgA with FcαRI triggers inhibitory signals that block activation via other receptors, whereas multimeric FcαRI crosslinking induces phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, antigen presentation, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and cytokine release. Thus, FcαRI acts as a regulator between anti- and proinflammatory responses of IgA. As such, the biology of FcαRI, and its multifaceted role in immunity will be the focus of this review.
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12
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Abstract
Although immunoglobulin (Ig) A is commonly recognized as the most prevalent antibody subclass at mucosal sites with an important role in mucosal defense, its potential as a therapeutic monoclonal antibody is less well known. However, IgA has multifaceted anti-, non-, and pro-inflammatory functions that can be exploited for different immunotherapeutical strategies, which will be the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantine E Bakema
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Sigalov AB. The SCHOOL of nature: I. Transmembrane signaling. SELF/NONSELF 2010; 1:4-39. [PMID: 21559175 PMCID: PMC3091606 DOI: 10.4161/self.1.1.10832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-mediated transmembrane signaling plays an important role in health and disease. Recent significant advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking ligand binding to receptor activation revealed previously unrecognized striking similarities in the basic structural principles of function of numerous cell surface receptors. In this work, I demonstrate that the Signaling Chain Homooligomerization (SCHOOL)-based mechanism represents a general biological mechanism of transmembrane signal transduction mediated by a variety of functionally unrelated single- and multichain activating receptors. within the SCHOOL platform, ligand binding-induced receptor clustering is translated across the membrane into protein oligomerization in cytoplasmic milieu. This platform resolves a long-standing puzzle in transmembrane signal transduction and reveals the major driving forces coupling recognition and activation functions at the level of protein-protein interactions-biochemical processes that can be influenced and controlled. The basic principles of transmembrane signaling learned from the SCHOOL model can be used in different fields of immunology, virology, molecular and cell biology and others to describe, explain and predict various phenomena and processes mediated by a variety of functionally diverse and unrelated receptors. Beyond providing novel perspectives for fundamental research, the platform opens new avenues for drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Sigalov
- Department of Pathology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester, MA USA
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14
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Signaling Chain Homooligomerization (SCHOOL) Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2008; 640:121-63. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-09789-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Abstract
The aggregation of cell surface Fc receptors by immune complexes induces a number of important antibody-dependent effector functions. It is becoming increasingly evident that the organization of key immune proteins has a significant impact on the function of these proteins. Comparatively little is known, however, about the nature of Fc receptor spatiotemporal organization. This review outlines the current literature concerning human Fc receptor spatial organization and physiological function.
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16
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Li J, Barreda DR, Zhang YA, Boshra H, Gelman AE, Lapatra S, Tort L, Sunyer JO. B lymphocytes from early vertebrates have potent phagocytic and microbicidal abilities. Nat Immunol 2006; 7:1116-24. [PMID: 16980980 DOI: 10.1038/ni1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 08/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The present paradigm dictates that phagocytosis is accomplished mainly by 'professional' phagocytes (such as macrophages and monocytes), whereas B cells lack phagocytic capabilities. Here we demonstrate that B cells from teleost fish have potent in vitro and in vivo phagocytic activities. Particle uptake by B cells induced activation of 'downstream' degradative pathways, leading to 'phagolysosome' formation and intracellular killing of ingested microbes. Those results indicate a previously unknown function for B cells in the innate immunity of these primitive animals. A considerable proportion of Xenopus laevis B cells were also phagocytic. Our findings support the idea that B cells evolved from an ancestral phagocytic cell type and provide an evolutionary framework for understanding the close relationship between mammalian B lymphocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Powell MS, Barnes NC, Bradford TM, Musgrave IF, Wines BD, Cambier JC, Hogarth PM. Alteration of the Fc gamma RIIa dimer interface affects receptor signaling but not ligand binding. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 176:7489-94. [PMID: 16751395 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.12.7489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of cell surface FcRs by immune complexes induces a number of important Ab-dependent effector functions. However, despite numerous studies that examine receptor function, very little is known about the molecular organization of these receptors within the cell. In this study, protein complementation, mutagenesis, and ligand binding analyses demonstrate that human FcgammaRIIa is present as a noncovalent dimer form. Protein complementation studies found that FcgammaRIIa molecules are closely associated. Mutagenesis of the dimer interface, as identified by crystallographic analyses, did not affect ligand binding yet caused significant alteration to the magnitude and kinetics of receptor phosphorylation. The data suggest that the ligand binding and the dimer interface are distinct regions within the receptor, and noncovalent dimerization of FcgammaRIIa may be an essential feature of the FcgammaRIIa signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maree S Powell
- The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health Limited, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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Wines BD, Trist HM, Ramsland PA, Hogarth PM. A Common Site of the Fc Receptor γ Subunit Interacts with the Unrelated Immunoreceptors FcαRI and FcϵRI. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:17108-17113. [PMID: 16627486 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m601640200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane (TM) region of the Fc receptor-gamma (FcRgamma) chain is responsible for the association of this ubiquitous signal transduction subunit with many immunoreceptor ligand binding chains, making FcRgamma key to a number of leukocyte activities in immunity and disease. Some receptors contain a TM arginine residue that interacts with Asp-11 of the FcRgamma subunit, but otherwise the molecular basis for the FcRgamma subunit interactions is largely unknown. This study reports residues in the TM region of the FcRgamma subunit are important for association with the high affinity IgE receptor FcepsilonRI and a leukocyte receptor cluster member, the IgA receptor FcalphaRI. FcRgamma residue Leu-21 was essential for surface expression of FcepsilonRIalpha/gamma2 and Tyr-8, Leu-14, and Phe-15 contributed to expression. Likewise, detergent-stable FcRgamma association with FcalphaRI was also dependent on Leu-14 and Leu-21 and in addition required residues Tyr-17, Tyr-25, and Cys-26. Modeling the TM regions of the FcRgamma dimer indicated these residues interacting with both FcalphaRI and FcepsilonRI are near the interface between the two FcRgamma TM helices. Furthermore, the FcRgamma residues interacting with FcalphaRI form a leucine zipper-like interface with mutagenesis confirming a complementary interface comprising FcalphaRI residues Leu-217, Leu-220, and Leu-224. The dependence of these two nonhomologous receptor interactions on FcRgamma Leu-14 and Leu-21 suggests that all the associated Fc receptors and the activating leukocyte receptor cluster members interact with this one site. Taken together these data provide a molecular basis for understanding how disparate receptor families assemble with the FcRgamma subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce D Wines
- Helen Macpherson Smith Trust Inflammatory Disease Laboratory, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Austin Health Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia.
| | - Halina M Trist
- Helen Macpherson Smith Trust Inflammatory Disease Laboratory, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Austin Health Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Paul A Ramsland
- Helen Macpherson Smith Trust Inflammatory Disease Laboratory, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Austin Health Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Helen Macpherson Smith Trust Inflammatory Disease Laboratory, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Austin Health Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
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Barnes NC, Powell MS, Trist HM, Gavin AL, Wines BD, Hogarth PM. Raft localisation of FcγRIIa and efficient signaling are dependent on palmitoylation of cysteine 208. Immunol Lett 2006; 104:118-23. [PMID: 16375976 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2005.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Revised: 11/09/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-dependent aggregation of FcgammaRIIa initiates multiple biochemical processes including the translocation to detergent resistant membrane domains (DRMs) and receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. Palmitoylation of cysteine residues is considered to be one process that assists in the localisation of proteins to DRMs. Within the juxtamembrane region of FcgammaRIIa there is cysteine residue (C208) that we show to be palmitoylated. Mutation of this cysteine residue results in the disruption of FcgammaRIIa translocation to DRMs as empirically defined by insolubility at high Triton X-100 concentrations. This study also demonstrates that the lack of lipid raft association diminishes FcgammaRIIa signaling as measured by receptor phosphorylation and calcium mobilisation functions suggesting that FcgammaRIIa signaling is partially dependent on lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Barnes
- Helen Macpherson Smith Trust Inflammatory Disease Laboratory, The Austin Research Institute, Austin Health, Studley Road, Heidelberg, Vic. 3084, Australia
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Bakema JE, de Haij S, den Hartog-Jager CF, Bakker J, Vidarsson G, van Egmond M, van de Winkel JGJ, Leusen JHW. Signaling through Mutants of the IgA Receptor CD89 and Consequences for Fc Receptor γ-Chain Interaction. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 176:3603-10. [PMID: 16517729 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.6.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The prototypic receptor for IgA (FcalphaRI, CD89) is expressed on myeloid cells and can trigger phagocytosis, tumor cell lysis, and release of inflammatory mediators. The functions of FcalphaRI and activating receptors for IgG (FcgammaRI and FcgammaRIII) are dependent on the FcR gamma-chain dimer. This study increases our understanding of the molecular basis of the FcalphaRI-FcR gamma-chain transmembrane interaction, which is distinct from that of other activatory FcRs. FcalphaRI is unique in its interaction with the common FcR gamma-chain, because it is based on a positively charged residue at position 209, which associates with a negatively charged amino acid of FcR gamma-chain. We explored the importance of the position of this positive charge within human FcalphaRI for FcR gamma-chain association and FcalphaRI functioning with the use of site-directed mutagenesis. In an FcalphaRI R209L/A213H mutant, which represents a vertical relocation of the positive charge, proximal and distal FcR gamma-chain-dependent functions, such as calcium flux, MAPK phosphorylation, and IL-2 release, were similar to those of wild-type FcalphaRI. A lateral transfer of the positive charge, however, completely abrogated FcR gamma-chain-dependent functions in an FcalphaRI R209L/M210R mutant. By coimmunoprecipitation, we have demonstrated the loss of a physical interaction between FcR gamma-chain and FcalphaRI M210R mutant, thus explaining the loss of FcR gamma-chain-dependent functions. In conclusion, not only the presence of a basic residue in the transmembrane region of FcalphaRI, but also the orientation of FcalphaRI toward the FcR gamma-chain dimer is essential for FcR gamma-chain association. This suggests the involvement of additional amino acids in the FcalphaRI-FcR gamma-chain interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantine E Bakema
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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