1
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Gui W, Wang WX. Copper redox state in cells and aquatic organisms: Implication for toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135039. [PMID: 38941830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) redox state has been an important issue in biology and toxicology research, but many research gaps remain to be explored due to the limitations in the detecting techniques. Herein, the regulation of Cu homeostasis, including absorption, translocation, utilization, storage, and elimination behavior is discussed. Cuproptosis, a newly identified type of cell death caused by excessive Cu accumulation, which results in the aggregation of DLAT protein or the loss of Fe-S cluster and finally proteotoxic stress, is reviewed. Several longstanding mysteries of diseases such as Wilson disease and toxic effects, may be attributed to cuproptosis. Furthermore, we review the advanced detection methods and application of Cu(I) and Cu(II), especially the in-situ imaging techniques such as XANES, and chemosensors. Most of the existing studies using these detection techniques focus on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of Cu(I) and Cu(II) in cells and aquatic organisms. Finally, it will be important to identify the roles of Cu(I) and Cu(II) in the growth, development, and diseases of organisms, as well as the relationship between bioaccumulation and toxicity of Cu(I) and Cu(II) in cellular and aquatic toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Gui
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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2
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Pan C, Ji Z, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Li C, Lu S, Ge P. Cuproptosis: Mechanisms, biological significance, and advances in disease treatment-A systematic review. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e70039. [PMID: 39267265 PMCID: PMC11392831 DOI: 10.1111/cns.70039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is an essential trace element for biological systems, as it plays a critical role in the activity of various enzymes and metabolic processes. However, the dysregulation of copper homeostasis is closely associated with the onset and progression of numerous diseases. In recent years, copper-induced cell death, a novel form of cellular demise, has garnered significant attention. This process is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of intracellular copper ions, leading to cellular dysfunction and eventual cell death. Copper toxicity occurs through the interaction of copper with acylated enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This interaction results in subsequent protein aggregation, causing proteotoxic stress and ultimately resulting in cell death. Despite the promise of these findings, the detailed mechanisms and broader implications of cuproptosis remain underexplored. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the role of copper in cell death and autophagy, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis. We also aimed to discuss recent advancements in copper-related research across various diseases and tumors, providing insights for future studies and potential therapeutic applications. MAIN BODY This review delves into the biological significance of copper metabolism and the molecular mechanisms underlying copper-induced cell death. Furthermore, we discuss the role of copper toxicity in the pathogenesis of various diseases, emphasizing recent advancements in the field of oncology. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting copper toxicity. CONCLUSION The study highlights the need for further research to explore alternative pathways of copper-induced cell death, detailed mechanisms of cuproptosis, and biomarkers for copper poisoning. Future research should focus on exploring the molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis, developing new therapeutic strategies, and verifying their safety and efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhenchuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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Theron CW, Salcedo-Sora JE, Grixti JM, Møller-Hansen I, Borodina I, Kell DB. Evidence for the Role of the Mitochondrial ABC Transporter MDL1 in the Uptake of Clozapine and Related Molecules into the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:938. [PMID: 39065789 PMCID: PMC11279418 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Clozapine is an antipsychotic drug whose accumulation in white cells can sometimes prove toxic; understanding the transporters and alleles responsible is thus highly desirable. We used a strategy in which a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) CRISPR-Cas9 knock-out library was exposed to cytotoxic concentrations of clozapine to determine those transporters whose absence made it more resistant; we also recognised the structural similarity of the fluorescent dye safranin O (also known as safranin T) to clozapine, allowing it to be used as a surrogate marker. Strains lacking the mitochondrial ABC transporter MDL1 (encoded by YLR188W) showed substantial resistance to clozapine. MDL1 overexpression also conferred extra sensitivity to clozapine and admitted a massive increase in the cellular and mitochondrial uptake of safranin O, as determined using flow cytometry and microscopically. Yeast lacking mitochondria showed no such unusual accumulation. Mitochondrial MDL1 is thus the main means of accumulation of clozapine in S. cerevisiae. The closest human homologue of S. cerevisiae MDL1 is ABCB10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrispian W. Theron
- GeneMill Biofoundry, Liverpool Shared Research Facilities, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK;
| | - J. Enrique Salcedo-Sora
- GeneMill Biofoundry, Liverpool Shared Research Facilities, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK;
| | - Justine M. Grixti
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrated Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Iben Møller-Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- GeneMill Biofoundry, Liverpool Shared Research Facilities, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK;
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrated Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Huang Z, Cao L, Yan D. Inflammatory immunity and bacteriological perspectives: A new direction for copper treatment of sepsis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127456. [PMID: 38692229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace element for all aerobic organisms because of its unique biological functions. In recent years, researchers have discovered that copper can induce cell death through various regulatory mechanisms, thereby inducing inflammation. Efforts have also been made to alter the chemical structure of copper to achieve either anticancer or anti-inflammatory effects. The copper ion can exhibit bactericidal effects by interfering with the integrity of the cell membrane and promoting oxidative stress. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection. Some studies have revealed that copper is involved in the pathophysiological process of sepsis and is closely related to its prognosis. During the infection of sepsis, the body may enhance the antimicrobial effect by increasing the release of copper. However, to avoid copper poisoning, all organisms have evolved copper resistance genes. Therefore, further analysis of the complex relationship between copper and bacteria may provide new ideas and research directions for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Zhoukou Central Hospital, No.26 Renmin Road, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, Henan Province 466000, China
| | - Lunfei Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Zhoukou Central Hospital, No.26 Renmin Road, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, Henan Province 466000, China
| | - Dengfeng Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Zhoukou Central Hospital, No.26 Renmin Road, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, Henan Province 466000, China..
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Xu E, Liu Y, Gu D, Zhan X, Li J, Zhou K, Zhang P, Zou Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Copper: From Deficiency to Excess. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6993. [PMID: 39000099 PMCID: PMC11240974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. This metal serves as a constituent element or enzyme cofactor that participates in many biochemical pathways and plays a key role in photosynthesis, respiration, ethylene sensing, and antioxidant systems. The physiological significance of Cu uptake and compartmentalization in plants has been underestimated, despite the importance of Cu in cellular metabolic processes. As a micronutrient, Cu has low cellular requirements in plants. However, its bioavailability may be significantly reduced in alkaline or organic matter-rich soils. Cu deficiency is a severe and widespread nutritional disorder that affects plants. In contrast, excessive levels of available Cu in soil can inhibit plant photosynthesis and induce cellular oxidative stress. This can affect plant productivity and potentially pose serious health risks to humans via bioaccumulation in the food chain. Plants have evolved mechanisms to strictly regulate Cu uptake, transport, and cellular homeostasis during long-term environmental adaptation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse functions of Cu chelators, chaperones, and transporters involved in Cu homeostasis and their regulatory mechanisms in plant responses to varying Cu availability conditions. Finally, we identified that future research needs to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms regulating Cu deficiency or stress in plants. This will pave the way for improving the Cu utilization efficiency and/or Cu tolerance of crops grown in alkaline or Cu-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ending Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongfang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xinchun Zhan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Institute of Horticultural Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Kunneng Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peijiang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Pan Z, Huang L, Gan Y, Xia Y, Yu W. The Molecular Mechanisms of Cuproptosis and Small-Molecule Drug Design in Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules 2024; 29:2852. [PMID: 38930917 PMCID: PMC11206814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of human health research, the homeostasis of copper (Cu) is receiving increased attention due to its connection to pathological conditions, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent studies have demonstrated that proteins associated with Cu homeostasis, such as ATOX1, FDX1, ATP7A, ATPB, SLC31A1, p53, and UPS, also contribute to DM. Cuproptosis, characterized by Cu homeostasis dysregulation and Cu overload, has been found to cause the oligomerization of lipoylated proteins in mitochondria, loss of iron-sulfur protein, depletion of glutathione, production of reactive oxygen species, and cell death. Further research into how cuproptosis affects DM is essential to uncover its mechanism of action and identify effective interventions. In this article, we review the molecular mechanism of Cu homeostasis and the role of cuproptosis in the pathogenesis of DM. The study of small-molecule drugs that affect these proteins offers the possibility of moving from symptomatic treatment to treating the underlying causes of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; (Z.P.); (Y.G.)
| | - Lan Huang
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; (Z.P.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yan Xia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China;
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; (Z.P.); (Y.G.)
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7
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Povea-Cabello S, Brischigliaro M, Fernández-Vizarra E. Emerging mechanisms in the redox regulation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly and function. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:873-885. [PMID: 38526156 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria perform cellular respiration through a series of redox reactions ultimately reducing molecular oxygen to water. The system responsible for this process is the respiratory chain or electron transport system (ETS) composed of complexes I-IV. Due to its function, the ETS is the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generating them on both sides of the mitochondrial inner membrane, i.e. the intermembrane space (IMS) and the matrix. A correct balance between ROS generation and scavenging is important for keeping the cellular redox homeostasis and other important aspects of cellular physiology. However, ROS generated in the mitochondria are important signaling molecules regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and function. The IMS contains a large number of redox sensing proteins, containing specific Cys-rich domains, that are involved in ETS complex biogenesis. The large majority of these proteins function as cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly factors, mainly for the handling of copper ions necessary for the formation of the redox reactive catalytic centers. A particular case of ROS-regulated COX assembly factor is COA8, whose intramitochondrial levels are increased by oxidative stress, promoting COX assembly and/or protecting the enzyme from oxidative damage. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge concerning the role played by ROS in regulating mitochondrial activity and biogenesis, focusing on the COX enzyme and with a special emphasis on the functional role exerted by the redox sensitive Cys residues contained in the COX assembly factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Brischigliaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
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Caron-Godon CA, Collington E, Wolf JL, Coletta G, Glerum DM. More than Just Bread and Wine: Using Yeast to Understand Inherited Cytochrome Oxidase Deficiencies in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3814. [PMID: 38612624 PMCID: PMC11011759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited defects in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) are associated with a substantial subset of diseases adversely affecting the structure and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This multi-subunit enzyme consists of 14 subunits and numerous cofactors, and it requires the function of some 30 proteins to assemble. COX assembly was first shown to be the primary defect in the majority of COX deficiencies 36 years ago. Over the last three decades, most COX assembly genes have been identified in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and studies in yeast have proven instrumental in testing the impact of mutations identified in patients with a specific COX deficiency. The advent of accessible genome-wide sequencing capabilities has led to more patient mutations being identified, with the subsequent identification of several new COX assembly factors. However, the lack of genotype-phenotype correlations and the large number of genes involved in generating a functional COX mean that functional studies must be undertaken to assign a genetic variant as being causal. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the use of yeast as a model system and briefly compare the COX assembly process in yeast and humans. We focus primarily on the studies in yeast that have allowed us to both identify new COX assembly factors and to demonstrate the pathogenicity of a subset of the mutations that have been identified in patients with inherited defects in COX. We conclude with an overview of the areas in which studies in yeast are likely to continue to contribute to progress in understanding disease arising from inherited COX deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenelle A. Caron-Godon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Emma Collington
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Jessica L. Wolf
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - Genna Coletta
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
| | - D. Moira Glerum
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (C.A.C.-G.); (E.C.); (J.L.W.); (G.C.)
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Yang S, Li Y, Zhou L, Wang X, Liu L, Wu M. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in atherosclerosis: metabolism, mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38218941 PMCID: PMC10787750 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01796-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that plays a pivotal role in numerous physiological processes in virtually all cell types. Nevertheless, the dysregulation of copper homeostasis, whether towards excess or deficiency, can lead to pathological alterations, such as atherosclerosis. With the advent of the concept of copper-induced cell death, termed cuproptosis, researchers have increasingly focused on the potential role of copper dyshomeostasis in atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide a broad overview of cellular and systemic copper metabolism. We then summarize the evidence linking copper dyshomeostasis to atherosclerosis and elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis development in terms of both copper excess and copper deficiency. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence for and mechanisms of cuproptosis, discuss its interactions with other modes of cell death, and highlight the role of cuproptosis-related mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Finally, we explore the therapeutic strategy of targeting this novel form of cell death, aiming to provide some insights for the management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Yang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Longtao Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Thind S, Lima D, Booy E, Trinh D, McKenna SA, Kuss S. Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency detection in human fibroblasts using scanning electrochemical microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310288120. [PMID: 38154062 PMCID: PMC10769844 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310288120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency (COXD) is an inherited disorder characterized by the absence or mutation in the genes encoding for the cytochrome c oxidase protein (COX). COX deficiency results in severe muscle weakness, heart, liver, and kidney disorders, as well as brain damage in infants and adolescents, leading to death in many cases. With no cure for this disorder, finding an efficient, inexpensive, and early means of diagnosis is essential to minimize symptoms and long-term disabilities. Furthermore, muscle biopsy, the traditional detection method, is invasive, expensive, and time-consuming. This study demonstrates the applicability of scanning electrochemical microscopy to quantify COX activity in living human fibroblast cells. Taking advantage of the interaction between the redox mediator N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-para-phenylene-diamine, and COX, the enzymatic activity was successfully quantified by monitoring current changes using a platinum microelectrode and determining the apparent heterogeneous rate constant k0 using numerical modeling. This study provides a foundation for developing a diagnostic method for detecting COXD in infants, which has the potential to increase treatment effectiveness and improve the quality of life of affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhneet Thind
- Laboratory for Bioanalytics and Electrochemical Sensing, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MBR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Dhésmon Lima
- Laboratory for Bioanalytics and Electrochemical Sensing, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MBR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Evan Booy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MBR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Dao Trinh
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Ingénieur Pour l’Environnement, UMR CNRS 7356, Université de La Rochelle, Pôle Sciences et Technologie17042, La Rochelle, Cedex 1, France
| | - Sean A. McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MBR3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Sabine Kuss
- Laboratory for Bioanalytics and Electrochemical Sensing, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MBR3T 2N2, Canada
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Liu WQ, Lin WR, Yan L, Xu WH, Yang J. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in cancer immunity and therapy. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:211-227. [PMID: 37715546 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential nutrient for maintaining enzyme activity and transcription factor function. Excess copper results in the aggregation of lipoylated dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), which correlates to the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, resulting in proteotoxic stress and eliciting a novel cell death modality: cuproptosis. Cuproptosis exerts an indispensable role in cancer progression, which is considered a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Cancer immunotherapy has gained extensive attention owing to breakthroughs in immune checkpoint blockade; furthermore, cuproptosis is strongly connected to the modulation of antitumor immunity. Thus, a thorough recognition concerning the mechanisms involved in the modulation of copper metabolism and cuproptosis may facilitate improvement in cancer management. This review outlines the cellular and molecular mechanisms and characteristics of cuproptosis and the links of the novel regulated cell death modality with human cancers. We also review the current knowledge on the complex effects of cuproptosis on antitumor immunity and immune response. Furthermore, potential agents that elicit cuproptosis pathways are summarized. Lastly, we discuss the influence of cuproptosis induction on the tumor microenvironment as well as the challenges of adding cuproptosis regulators to therapeutic strategies beyond traditional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wan-Rong Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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12
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Fleishman JS, Wang Y, Wang J, Chen J, Li Y, Wang H. Cuproptosis: A novel therapeutic target for overcoming cancer drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101018. [PMID: 37979442 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a newly identified form of cell death driven by copper. Recently, the role of copper and copper triggered cell death in the pathogenesis of cancers have attracted attentions. Cuproptosis has garnered enormous interest in cancer research communities because of its great potential for cancer therapy. Copper-based treatment exerts an inhibiting role in tumor growth and may open the door for the treatment of chemotherapy-insensitive tumors. In this review, we provide a critical analysis on copper homeostasis and the role of copper dysregulation in the development and progression of cancers. Then the core molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis and its role in cancer is discussed, followed by summarizing the current understanding of copper-based agents (copper chelators, copper ionophores, and copper complexes-based dynamic therapy) for cancer treatment. Additionally, we summarize the emerging data on copper complexes-based agents and copper ionophores to subdue tumor chemotherapy resistance in different types of cancers. We also review the small-molecule compounds and nanoparticles (NPs) that may kill cancer cells by inducing cuproptosis, which will shed new light on the development of anticancer drugs through inducing cuproptosis in the future. Finally, the important concepts and pressing questions of cuproptosis in future research that should be focused on were discussed. This review article suggests that targeting cuproptosis could be a novel antitumor therapy and treatment strategy to overcome cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Yongming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Junjing Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Huhhot First Hospital, Huhhot 010030, PR China
| | - Yihui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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13
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Conforti RA, Delsouc MB, Zorychta E, Telleria CM, Casais M. Copper in Gynecological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17578. [PMID: 38139406 PMCID: PMC10743751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for the correct development of eukaryotic organisms. This metal plays a key role in many cellular and physiological activities, including enzymatic activity, oxygen transport, and cell signaling. Although the redox activity of Cu is crucial for enzymatic reactions, this property also makes it potentially toxic when found at high levels. Due to this dual action of Cu, highly regulated mechanisms are necessary to prevent both the deficiency and the accumulation of this metal since its dyshomeostasis may favor the development of multiple diseases, such as Menkes' and Wilson's diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. As the relationship between Cu and cancer has been the most studied, we analyze how this metal can affect three fundamental processes for tumor progression: cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Gynecological diseases are characterized by high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, depending on the case, and mainly include benign and malignant tumors. The cellular processes that promote their progression are affected by Cu, and the mechanisms that occur may be similar. We analyze the crosstalk between Cu deregulation and gynecological diseases, focusing on therapeutic strategies derived from this metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío A. Conforti
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - María B. Delsouc
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
| | - Edith Zorychta
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
| | - Carlos M. Telleria
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marilina Casais
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL-CONICET), San Luis CP D5700HHW, Argentina; (R.A.C.); (M.B.D.)
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14
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Kim JE, Jeon S, Lindahl PA. Discovery of an unusual copper homeostatic mechanism in yeast cells respiring on minimal medium and an unexpectedly diverse labile copper pool. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105435. [PMID: 37944620 PMCID: PMC10704325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is essential for all eukaryotic cells but many details of how it is trafficked within the cell and how it is homeostatically regulated remain uncertain. Here, we characterized the copper content of cytosol and mitochondria using liquid chromatography with ICP-MS detection. Chromatograms of cytosol exhibited over two dozen peaks due to copper proteins and coordination complexes. Yeast cells respiring on minimal media did not regulate copper import as media copper concentration increased; rather, they imported copper at increasing rates while simultaneously increasing the expression of metallothionein CUP1 which then sequestered most of the excessive imported copper. Peak intensities due to superoxide dismutase SOD1, other copper proteins, and numerous coordination complexes also increased, but not as drastically. The labile copper pool was unexpectedly diverse and divided into two groups. One group approximately comigrated with copper-glutathione, -cysteine, and -histidine standards; the other developed only at high media copper concentrations and at greater elution volumes. Most cytosolic copper arose from copper-bound proteins, especially CUP1. Cytosol contained an unexpectedly high percentage of apo-copper proteins and apo-coordination complexes. Copper-bound forms of non-CUP1 proteins and complexes coexisted with apo-CUP1 and with the chelator BCS. Both experiments suggest unexpectedly stable-binding copper proteins and coordination complexes in cytosol. COX17Δ cytosol chromatograms were like those of WT cells. Chromatograms of soluble mitochondrial extracts were obtained, and mitoplasting helped distinguish copper species in the intermembrane space versus in the matrix/inner membrane. Issues involving the yeast copperome, copper homeostasis, labile copper pool, and copper trafficking are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Seoyoung Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Paul A Lindahl
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
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15
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Gao J, Wu X, Huang S, Zhao Z, He W, Song M. Novel insights into anticancer mechanisms of elesclomol: More than a prooxidant drug. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102891. [PMID: 37734229 PMCID: PMC10518591 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient for humans, the metabolism of copper is fine-tuned by evolutionarily conserved homeostatic mechanisms. Copper toxicity occurs when its concentration exceeds a certain threshold, which has been exploited in the development of copper ionophores, such as elesclomol, for anticancer treatment. Elesclomol has garnered recognition as a potent anticancer drug and has been evaluated in numerous clinical trials. However, the mechanisms underlying elesclomol-induced cell death remain obscure. The discovery of cuproptosis, a novel form of cell death triggered by the targeted accumulation of copper in mitochondria, redefines the significance of elesclomol in cancer therapy. Here, we provide an overview of copper homeostasis and its associated pathological disorders, especially copper metabolism in carcinogenesis. We summarize our current knowledge of the tumor suppressive mechanisms of elesclomol, with emphasis on cuproptosis. Finally, we discuss the strategies that may contribute to better application of elesclomol in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Gao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China.
| | - Mei Song
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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16
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Guhathakurta S, Erdogdu NU, Hoffmann JJ, Grzadzielewska I, Schendzielorz A, Seyfferth J, Mårtensson CU, Corrado M, Karoutas A, Warscheid B, Pfanner N, Becker T, Akhtar A. COX17 acetylation via MOF-KANSL complex promotes mitochondrial integrity and function. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1931-1952. [PMID: 37813994 PMCID: PMC10663164 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Reversible acetylation of mitochondrial proteins is a regulatory mechanism central to adaptive metabolic responses. Yet, how such functionally relevant protein acetylation is achieved remains unexplored. Here we reveal an unprecedented role of the MYST family lysine acetyltransferase MOF in energy metabolism via mitochondrial protein acetylation. Loss of MOF-KANSL complex members leads to mitochondrial defects including fragmentation, reduced cristae density and impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV integrity in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We demonstrate COX17, a complex IV assembly factor, as a bona fide acetylation target of MOF. Loss of COX17 or expression of its non-acetylatable mutant phenocopies the mitochondrial defects observed upon MOF depletion. The acetylation-mimetic COX17 rescues these defects and maintains complex IV activity even in the absence of MOF, suggesting an activatory role of mitochondrial electron transport chain protein acetylation. Fibroblasts from patients with MOF syndrome who have intellectual disability also revealed respiratory defects that could be restored by alternative oxidase, acetylation-mimetic COX17 or mitochondrially targeted MOF. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of MOF-KANSL complex in mitochondrial physiology and provide new insights into MOF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Guhathakurta
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niyazi Umut Erdogdu
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane J Hoffmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iga Grzadzielewska
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Janine Seyfferth
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph U Mårtensson
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Karoutas
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Theodor Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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17
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Wang W, Mo W, Hang Z, Huang Y, Yi H, Sun Z, Lei A. Cuproptosis: Harnessing Transition Metal for Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19581-19599. [PMID: 37820312 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal elements, such as copper, play diverse and pivotal roles in oncology. They act as constituents of metalloenzymes involved in cellular metabolism, function as signaling molecules to regulate the proliferation and metastasis of tumors, and are integral components of metal-based anticancer drugs. Notably, recent research reveals that excessive copper can also modulate the occurrence of programmed cell death (PCD), known as cuprotosis, in cancer cells. This modulation occurs through the disruption of tumor cell metabolism and the induction of proteotoxic stress. This discovery uncovers a mode of interaction between transition metals and proteins, emphasizing the intricate link between copper homeostasis and tumor metabolism. Moreover, they provide innovative therapeutic strategies for the precise diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. At the crossroads of chemistry and oncology, we undertake a comprehensive review of copper homeostasis in tumors, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning cuproptosis. Additionally, we summarize current nanotherapeutic approaches that target cuproptosis and provide an overview of the available laboratory and clinical methods for monitoring this process. In the context of emerging concepts, challenges, and opportunities, we emphasize the significant potential of nanotechnology in the advancement of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zishan Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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18
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Khalfaoui-Hassani B, Blaby-Haas CE, Verissimo A, Daldal F. The Escherichia coli MFS-type transporter genes yhjE, ydiM, and yfcJ are required to produce an active bo3 quinol oxidase. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293015. [PMID: 37862358 PMCID: PMC10588857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme-copper oxygen reductases are membrane-bound oligomeric complexes that are integral to prokaryotic and eukaryotic aerobic respiratory chains. Biogenesis of these enzymes is complex and requires coordinated assembly of the subunits and their cofactors. Some of the components are involved in the acquisition and integration of different heme and copper (Cu) cofactors into these terminal oxygen reductases. As such, MFS-type transporters of the CalT family (e.g., CcoA) are required for Cu import and heme-CuB center biogenesis of the cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidases (cbb3-Cox). However, functionally homologous Cu transporters for similar heme-Cu containing bo3-type quinol oxidases (bo3-Qox) are unknown. Despite the occurrence of multiple MFS-type transporters, orthologs of CcoA are absent in bacteria like Escherichia coli that contain bo3-Qox. In this work, we identified a subset of uncharacterized MFS transporters, based on the presence of putative metal-binding residues, as likely candidates for the missing Cu transporter. Using a genetic approach, we tested whether these transporters are involved in the biogenesis of E. coli bo3-Qox. When respiratory growth is dependent on bo3-Qox, because of deletion of the bd-type Qox enzymes, three candidate genes, yhjE, ydiM, and yfcJ, were found to be critical for E. coli growth. Radioactive metal uptake assays showed that ΔydiM has a slower 64Cu uptake, whereas ΔyhjE accumulates reduced 55Fe in the cell, while no similar uptake defect is associated with ΔycfJ. Phylogenomic analyses suggest plausible roles for the YhjE, YdiM, and YfcJ transporters, and overall findings illustrate the diverse roles that the MFS-type transporters play in cellular metal homeostasis and production of active heme-Cu oxygen reductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahia Khalfaoui-Hassani
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, IPREM, UMR CNRS, Pau, France
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Crysten E. Blaby-Haas
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, The Molecular Foundry, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Andreia Verissimo
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- bioMT-Institute for Biomolecular Targeting, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Fevzi Daldal
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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19
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Lin Z, He Y, Wu Z, Yuan Y, Li X, Luo W. Comprehensive analysis of copper-metabolism-related genes about prognosis and immune microenvironment in osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15059. [PMID: 37700003 PMCID: PMC10497601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42053-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being significant in various diseases, including cancers, the impact of copper metabolism on osteosarcoma (OS) remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to use bioinformatics analyses to identify a reliable copper metabolism signature that could improve OS patient prognosis prediction, immune landscape understanding, and drug sensitivity. Through nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering, we revealed distinct prognosis-associated clusters of OS patients based on copper metabolism-related genes (CMRGs), showing differential gene expression linked to immune processes. The risk model, comprising 13 prognostic CMRGs, was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression, closely associated with the OS microenvironment's immune situation and drug sensitivity. Furthermore, we developed an integrated nomogram, combining the risk score and clinical traits to quantitatively predict OS patient prognosis. The calibration plot, timeROC, and timeROC analyses demonstrated its predictable accuracy and clinical usefulness. Finally, we identified three independent prognostic signatures for OS patients: COX11, AP1B1, and ABCB6. This study confirmed the involvement of CMRGs in OS patient prognosis, immune processes, and drug sensitivity, suggesting their potential as promising prognostic signatures and therapeutic targets for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhe He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
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20
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Wu Z, Lv G, Xing F, Xiang W, Ma Y, Feng Q, Yang W, Wang H. Copper in hepatocellular carcinoma: A double-edged sword with therapeutic potentials. Cancer Lett 2023; 571:216348. [PMID: 37567461 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a necessary cofactor vital for maintaining biological functions, as well as participating in the development of cancer. A plethora of studies have demonstrated that copper is a double-edged sword, presenting both benefits and detriments to tumors. The liver is a metabolically active organ, and an imbalance of copper homeostasis can result in deleterious consequences to the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited viable therapeutic options. As research advances, the focus has shifted towards the relationships between copper and HCC. Innovatively, cuproplasia and cuproptosis have been proposed to depict copper-related cellular growth and death, providing new insights for HCC treatment. By summarizing the constantly elucidated molecular connections, this review discusses the mechanisms of copper in the pathogenesis, progression, and potential therapeutics of HCC. Additionally, we aim to tentatively provide a theoretical foundation and gospel for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Wu
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Guishuai Lv
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Fuxue Xing
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Qiyu Feng
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
| | - Wen Yang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Cancer Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute/Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China; National Center for Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China.
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21
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Chen J, Song W, Zhang W. The emerging role of copper in depression. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1230404. [PMID: 37609453 PMCID: PMC10440608 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1230404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element in the brain and serves as an important cofactor for numerous enzymes involved in a wide range of biochemical processes including neurobehavioral, mitochondrial respiration, and antioxidant effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that copper dyshomeostasis is tightly associated with the development of depression by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, these findings have remained controversial so far. Cumulative studies have shown a positive association, while some other studies showed no association and even a negative association between serum/plasma copper level and depression. Based on these conflicted results, the association was speculated to be due to the clinical features of the population, stages of the disease, severity of copper excess, and types of specimens detected in these studies. In addition, there was an inverse association between dietary copper intake and depression. Furthermore, increasing copper intake could influence dietary zinc and iron intake to prevent and treat depression. Thus, copper supplementation may be a good measure to manage depression. This review provided a deeper understanding of the potential applicability of copper in the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Garza NM, Swaminathan AB, Maremanda KP, Zulkifli M, Gohil VM. Mitochondrial copper in human genetic disorders. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:21-33. [PMID: 36435678 PMCID: PMC9780195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in diverse physiological processes, including mitochondrial energy generation. Copper enters cells through a dedicated copper transporter and is distributed to intracellular cuproenzymes by copper chaperones. Mitochondria are critical copper-utilizing organelles that harbor an essential cuproenzyme cytochrome c oxidase, which powers energy production. Mutations in copper transporters and chaperones that perturb mitochondrial copper homeostasis result in fatal genetic disorders. Recent studies have uncovered the therapeutic potential of elesclomol, a copper ionophore, for the treatment of copper deficiency disorders such as Menkes disease. Here we review the role of copper in mitochondrial energy metabolism in the context of human diseases and highlight the recent developments in copper therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Garza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Abhinav B Swaminathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Krishna P Maremanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad Zulkifli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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23
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Chen L, Min J, Wang F. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:378. [PMID: 36414625 PMCID: PMC9681860 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 166.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient, copper is required for a wide range of physiological processes in virtually all cell types. Because the accumulation of intracellular copper can induce oxidative stress and perturbing cellular function, copper homeostasis is tightly regulated. Recent studies identified a novel copper-dependent form of cell death called cuproptosis, which is distinct from all other known pathways underlying cell death. Cuproptosis occurs via copper binding to lipoylated enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which leads to subsequent protein aggregation, proteotoxic stress, and ultimately cell death. Here, we summarize our current knowledge regarding copper metabolism, copper-related disease, the characteristics of cuproptosis, and the mechanisms that regulate cuproptosis. In addition, we discuss the implications of cuproptosis in the pathogenesis of various disease conditions, including Wilson's disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, and we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fudi Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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24
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Carlson AL, Carrazco-Carrillo J, Loder A, Elkhadragy L, Schachtschneider KM, Padilla-Benavides T. The Oncopig as an Emerging Model to Investigate Copper Regulation in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14012. [PMID: 36430490 PMCID: PMC9697225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence points to several fundamental contributions that copper (Cu) has to promote the development of human pathologies such as cancer. These recent and increasing identification of the roles of Cu in cancer biology highlights a promising field in the development of novel strategies against cancer. Cu and its network of regulatory proteins are involved in many different contextual aspects of cancer from driving cell signaling, modulating cell cycle progression, establishing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Human cancer research in general requires refined models to bridge the gap between basic science research and meaningful clinical trials. Classic studies in cultured cancer cell lines and animal models such as mice and rats often present caveats when extended to humans due to inherent genetic and physiological differences. However, larger animal models such as pigs are emerging as more appropriate tools for translational research as they present more similarities with humans in terms of genetics, anatomical structures, organ sizes, and pathological manifestations of diseases like cancer. These similarities make porcine models well-suited for addressing long standing questions in cancer biology as well as in the arena of novel drug and therapeutic development against human cancers. With the emergent roles of Cu in human health and pathology, the pig presents an emerging and valuable model to further investigate the contributions of this metal to human cancers. The Oncopig Cancer Model is a transgenic swine model that recapitulates human cancer through development of site and cell specific tumors. In this review, we briefly outline the relationship between Cu and cancer, and how the novel Oncopig Cancer Model may be used to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms and causal relationships between Cu and molecular targets involved in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L. Carlson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Jaime Carrazco-Carrillo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Aaron Loder
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
| | - Lobna Elkhadragy
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Kyle M. Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
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25
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Ding Y, Chen Y, Wu Z, Yang N, Rana K, Meng X, Liu B, Wan H, Qian W. SsCox17, a copper chaperone, is required for pathogenic process and oxidative stress tolerance of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 322:111345. [PMID: 35691151 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has emerged as one of the major fungal pathogens of oilseed Brassica across the world. The pathogenic development is exquisitely dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulation. Cox17 is a crucial factor that shuttles copper ions from the cytosol to the mitochondria for the cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) assembly. Currently, no data is available regarding the impact of Cox17 in fungal pathogenesis. The present research was carried out to functionally characterize the role of Cox17 in S. sclerotiorum pathogenesis. SsCox17 transcripts showed high expression levels during inoculation on rapeseed. Intramitochondrial copper content and CCO activity were decreased in SsCox17 gene-silenced strains. The SsCox17 gene expression was up-regulated in the hyphae under oxidative stress and a deficiency response to oxidative stress was detected in SsCox17 gene-silenced strains. Compared to the S. sclerotiorum wild-type strain, there was a concomitant reduction in the virulence of SsCox17 gene-silenced strains. The SsCox17 overexpression strain was further found to increase copper content, CCO activity, tolerance to oxidative stress and virulence. We also observed a certain correlation of appressoria formation and SsCox17. These results provide evidence that SsCox17 is positively associated with fungal virulence and oxidative detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijuan Ding
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yangui Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhaohui Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Nan Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kusum Rana
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bangyan Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huafang Wan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Qian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China.
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26
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Nývltová E, Dietz JV, Seravalli J, Khalimonchuk O, Barrientos A. Coordination of metal center biogenesis in human cytochrome c oxidase. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3615. [PMID: 35750769 PMCID: PMC9232578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) or respiratory chain complex IV is a heme aa3-copper oxygen reductase containing metal centers essential for holo-complex biogenesis and enzymatic function that are assembled by subunit-specific metallochaperones. The enzyme has two copper sites located in the catalytic core subunits. The COX1 subunit harbors the CuB site that tightly associates with heme a3 while the COX2 subunit contains the binuclear CuA site. Here, we report that in human cells the CcO copper chaperones form macromolecular assemblies and cooperate with several twin CX9C proteins to control heme a biosynthesis and coordinate copper transfer sequentially to the CuA and CuB sites. These data on CcO illustrate a mechanism that regulates the biogenesis of macromolecular enzymatic assemblies with several catalytic metal redox centers and prevents the accumulation of cytotoxic reactive assembly intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Nývltová
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jonathan V Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1901 Vine St. Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Javier Seravalli
- Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1901 Vine St. Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1901 Vine St. Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1901 Vine St. Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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27
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Zhen Y, Ge L, Chen Q, Xu J, Duan Z, Loor JJ, Wang M. Latent Benefits and Toxicity Risks Transmission Chain of High Dietary Copper along the Livestock-Environment-Plant-Human Health Axis and Microbial Homeostasis: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6943-6962. [PMID: 35666880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of high-concentration copper (Cu) in feed additives, fertilizers, pesticides, and nanoparticles (NPs) inevitably causes significant pollution in the ecological environment. This type of chain pollution begins with animal husbandry: first, Cu accumulation in animals poisons them; second, high Cu enters the soil and water sources with the feces and urine to cause toxicity, which may further lead to crop and plant pollution; third, this process ultimately endangers human health through consumption of livestock products, aquatic foods, plants, and even drinking water. High Cu potentially alters the antibiotic resistance of soil and water sources and further aggravates human disease risks. Thus, it is necessary to formulate reasonable Cu emission regulations because the benefits of Cu for livestock and plants cannot be ignored. The present review evaluates the potential hazards and benefits of high Cu in livestock, the environment, the plant industry, and human health. We also discuss aspects related to bacterial and fungal resistance and homeostasis and perspectives on the application of Cu-NPs and microbial high-Cu removal technology to reduce the spread of toxicity risks to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Ling Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qiaoqing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute for Quality and Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Zhenyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, China
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28
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Salman AA, Goldring JPD. Expression and copper binding characteristics of Plasmodium falciparum cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 11, Cox11. Malar J 2022; 21:173. [PMID: 35672733 PMCID: PMC9172173 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Copper is an essential metal for living organisms as a catalytic co-factor for important enzymes, like cytochrome c oxidase the final enzyme in the electron transport chain. Plasmodium falciparum parasites in infected red blood cells are killed by excess copper and development in erythrocytes is inhibited by copper chelators. Cytochrome c oxidase in yeast obtains copper for the CuB site in the Cox1 subunit from Cox11. Methods A 162 amino acid carboxy-terminal domain of the P. falciparum Cox11 ortholog (PfCox11Ct) was recombinantly expressed and the rMBPPfCox11Ct affinity purified. Copper binding was measured in vitro and in Escherichia coli host cells. Site directed mutagenesis was used to identify key copper binding cysteines. Antibodies confirmed the expression of the native protein. Results rMBPPfCox11Ct was expressed as a 62 kDa protein fused with the maltose binding protein and affinity purified. rMBPPfCox11Ct bound copper measured by: a bicinchoninic acid release assay; atomic absorption spectroscopy; a bacterial host growth inhibition assay; ascorbate oxidation inhibition and in a thermal shift assay. The cysteine 157 amino acid was shown to be important for in vitro copper binding by PfCox11whilst Cys 60 was not. The native protein was detected by antibodies against rMBPPfCox11Ct. Conclusions Plasmodium spp. express the PfCox11 protein which shares structural features and copper binding motifs with Cox11 from other species. PfCox11 binds copper and is, therefore, predicted to transfer copper to the CuB site of Plasmodium cytochrome c oxidase. Characterization of Plasmodium spp. proteins involved in copper metabolism will help sceintists understand the role of cytochrome c oxidase and this essential metal in Plasmodium homeostasis.
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29
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Swaminathan AB, Soma S, Vicary AC, Zulkifli M, Kaur H, Gohil VM. A yeast suppressor screen links Coa4 to the mitochondrial copper delivery pathway for cytochrome c oxidase. Genetics 2022; 221:6603117. [PMID: 35666203 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is a multimeric copper-containing enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that powers cellular energy production. The two core subunits of CcO, Cox1 and Cox2, harbor the catalytic CuB and CuA sites, respectively. Biogenesis of each copper site occurs separately and requires multiple proteins that constitute the mitochondrial copper delivery pathway. Currently, the identity of all the members of the pathway is not known, though several evolutionarily conserved twin CX9C motif-containing proteins have been implicated in this process. Here, we performed a targeted yeast suppressor screen that placed Coa4, a twin CX9C motif-containing protein, in the copper delivery pathway to the Cox1 subunit. Specifically, we show that overexpression of Cox11, a copper metallochaperone required for the formation of CuB site, can restore Cox1 abundance, CcO assembly, and mitochondrial respiration in coa4Δ cells. This rescue is dependent on the copper-coordinating cysteines of Cox11. The abundance of Coa4 and Cox11 in mitochondria is reciprocally regulated, further linking Coa4 to the CuB site biogenesis. Additionally, we find that coa4Δ cells have reduced levels of copper and exogenous copper supplementation can partially ameliorate its respiratory-deficient phenotype, a finding that connects Coa4 to cellular copper homeostasis. Finally, we demonstrate that human COA4 can replace the function of yeast Coa4 indicating its evolutionarily conserved role. Our work provides genetic evidences for the role of Coa4 in the copper delivery pathway to the CuB site of CcO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav B Swaminathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shivatheja Soma
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Alison C Vicary
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad Zulkifli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Harman Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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30
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Medlock AE, Hixon JC, Bhuiyan T, Cobine PA. Prime Real Estate: Metals, Cofactors and MICOS. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:892325. [PMID: 35669513 PMCID: PMC9163361 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.892325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals are key elements for the survival and normal development of humans but can also be toxic to cells when mishandled. In fact, even mild disruption of metal homeostasis causes a wide array of disorders. Many of the metals essential to normal physiology are required in mitochondria for enzymatic activities and for the formation of essential cofactors. Copper is required as a cofactor in the terminal electron transport chain complex cytochrome c oxidase, iron is required for the for the formation of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters and heme, manganese is required for the prevention of oxidative stress production, and these are only a few examples of the critical roles that mitochondrial metals play. Even though the targets of these metals are known, we are still identifying transporters, investigating the roles of known transporters, and defining regulators of the transport process. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles whose content, structure and localization within the cell vary in different tissues and organisms. Our knowledge of the impact that alterations in mitochondrial physiology have on metal content and utilization in these organelles is very limited. The rates of fission and fusion, the ultrastructure of the organelle, and rates of mitophagy can all affect metal homeostasis and cofactor assembly. This review will focus of the emerging areas of overlap between metal homeostasis, cofactor assembly and the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) that mediates multiple aspects of mitochondrial physiology. Importantly the MICOS complexes may allow for localization and organization of complexes not only involved in cristae formation and contact between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes but also acts as hub for metal-related proteins to work in concert in cofactor assembly and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E. Medlock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - J. Catrice Hixon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Tawhid Bhuiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Paul A. Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Paul A. Cobine,
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31
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The Role of COA6 in the Mitochondrial Copper Delivery Pathway to Cytochrome c Oxidase. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010125. [PMID: 35053273 PMCID: PMC8773535 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is essential for the stability and activity of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Copper is bound to COX1 and COX2, two core subunits of CcO, forming the CuB and CuA sites, respectively. Biogenesis of these two copper sites of CcO occurs separately and requires a number of evolutionarily conserved proteins that form the mitochondrial copper delivery pathway. Pathogenic mutations in some of the proteins of the copper delivery pathway, such as SCO1, SCO2, and COA6, have been shown to cause fatal infantile human disorders, highlighting the biomedical significance of understanding copper delivery mechanisms to CcO. While two decades of studies have provided a clearer picture regarding the biochemical roles of SCO1 and SCO2 proteins, some discrepancy exists regarding the function of COA6, the new member of this pathway. Initial genetic and biochemical studies have linked COA6 with copper delivery to COX2 and follow-up structural and functional studies have shown that it is specifically required for the biogenesis of the CuA site by acting as a disulfide reductase of SCO and COX2 proteins. Its role as a copper metallochaperone has also been proposed. Here, we critically review the recent literature regarding the molecular function of COA6 in CuA biogenesis.
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32
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Zhang X, Kebaara BW. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and metal ion homeostasis and detoxification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biometals 2022; 35:1145-1156. [PMID: 36255607 PMCID: PMC9674712 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway is a translation dependent mRNA degradation pathway. Although NMD is best known for its role in degrading mRNAs with premature termination codons (PTCs) generated during transcription, splicing, or damage to the mRNAs, NMD is now also recognized as a pathway with additional important functions. Notably, NMD precisely regulates protein coding natural mRNAs, hence controlling gene expression within several physiologically significant pathways. Such pathways affected by NMD include nutritional bio-metal homeostasis and metal ion detoxification, as well as crosstalk between these pathways. Here, we focus on the relationships between NMD and various metal homeostasis and detoxification pathways. We review the described role that the NMD pathway plays in magnesium, zinc, iron, and copper homeostasis, as well as cadmium detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- grid.252890.40000 0001 2111 2894Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97388, Waco, TX 76798 USA
| | - Bessie W. Kebaara
- grid.252890.40000 0001 2111 2894Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97388, Waco, TX 76798 USA
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33
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Geldon S, Fernández-Vizarra E, Tokatlidis K. Redox-Mediated Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Dynamics, and Respiratory Chain Assembly in Yeast and Human Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:720656. [PMID: 34557489 PMCID: PMC8452992 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.720656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles that contain their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and reminiscent of its endosymbiotic origin. Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration via the function of the electron oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and composed of the four electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes (complexes I-IV), and the ATP synthase (complex V). Even though the mtDNA encodes essential OXPHOS components, the large majority of the structural subunits and additional biogenetical factors (more than seventy proteins) are encoded in the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm. To incorporate these proteins and the rest of the mitochondrial proteome, mitochondria have evolved varied, and sophisticated import machineries that specifically target proteins to the different compartments defined by the two membranes. The intermembrane space (IMS) contains a high number of cysteine-rich proteins, which are mostly imported via the MIA40 oxidative folding system, dependent on the reduction, and oxidation of key Cys residues. Several of these proteins are structural components or assembly factors necessary for the correct maturation and function of the ETC complexes. Interestingly, many of these proteins are involved in the metalation of the active redox centers of complex IV, the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial ETC. Due to their function in oxygen reduction, mitochondria are the main generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), on both sides of the inner membrane, i.e., in the matrix and the IMS. ROS generation is important due to their role as signaling molecules, but an excessive production is detrimental due to unwanted oxidation reactions that impact on the function of different types of biomolecules contained in mitochondria. Therefore, the maintenance of the redox balance in the IMS is essential for mitochondrial function. In this review, we will discuss the role that redox regulation plays in the maintenance of IMS homeostasis as well as how mitochondrial ROS generation may be a key regulatory factor for ETC biogenesis, especially for complex IV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Anabosi D, Meir Z, Shadkchan Y, Handelman M, Abou-Kandil A, Yap A, Urlings D, Gold MS, Krappmann S, Haas H, Osherov N. Transcriptional response of Aspergillus fumigatus to copper and the role of the Cu chaperones. Virulence 2021; 12:2186-2200. [PMID: 34468270 PMCID: PMC8425704 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1958057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is the leading cause of life-threatening invasive mold infections in immunocompromised individuals. This ubiquitous saprophyte possesses several natural attributes allowing it to evade the immune system, including the ability to withstand high toxic Cu concentrations within the phagosomes of macrophages and neutrophils. We previously established that at high levels, Cu binds and activates the A. fumigatus transcription factor AceA, which upregulates the expression of the Cu exporter CrpA to expel excess Cu. Deletion of aceA or crpA result in extreme Cu sensitivity and attenuated virulence. To identify other elements participating in resistance to Cu, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the transcriptome by RNAseq to analyze the AceA-dependent response of A. fumigatus to excess Cu. We deleted key genes whose transcription was strongly upregulated by high Cu, including those encoding homologs of the three Cu chaperones cox17, atx1 and ccs1. Detailed analysis of these genes indicates that in A. fumigatus, cox17 is an essential gene with a possible role in respiration, the atxA gene product participates in reductive iron uptake and ccsA encodes the Cu chaperone activating A. fumigatus Sod1. Interestingly, although the ccsA-null strain was extremely sensitive to high Cu and oxidative stress, it was not attenuated in virulence in a mouse model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Our work provides (i) a detailed view of the genome-wide transcriptional response of A. fumigatus to excess Cu, (ii) identification of the AceA-dependent transcriptome and (iii) analysis of the roles of the three Cu chaperones cox17, atxA and ccsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa Anabosi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Zohar Meir
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yana Shadkchan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Mariana Handelman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ammar Abou-Kandil
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Annie Yap
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Urlings
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Morgan S Gold
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sven Krappmann
- Microbiology Institute, Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene University Hospital and Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hubertus Haas
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nir Osherov
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Maung MT, Carlson A, Olea-Flores M, Elkhadragy L, Schachtschneider KM, Navarro-Tito N, Padilla-Benavides T. The molecular and cellular basis of copper dysregulation and its relationship with human pathologies. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21810. [PMID: 34390520 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100273rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for the activity of redox-active enzymes involved in critical metabolic reactions, signaling pathways, and biological functions. Transporters and chaperones control Cu ion levels and bioavailability to ensure proper subcellular and systemic Cu distribution. Intensive research has focused on understanding how mammalian cells maintain Cu homeostasis, and how molecular signals coordinate Cu acquisition and storage within organs. In humans, mutations of genes that regulate Cu homeostasis or facilitate interactions with Cu ions lead to numerous pathologic conditions. Malfunctions of the Cu+ -transporting ATPases ATP7A and ATP7B cause Menkes disease and Wilson disease, respectively. Additionally, defects in the mitochondrial and cellular distributions and homeostasis of Cu lead to severe neurodegenerative conditions, mitochondrial myopathies, and metabolic diseases. Cu has a dual nature in carcinogenesis as a promotor of tumor growth and an inducer of redox stress in cancer cells. Cu also plays role in cancer treatment as a component of drugs and a regulator of drug sensitivity and uptake. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of Cu metabolism and transport and its relation to various human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- May T Maung
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa Carlson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Lobna Elkhadragy
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle M Schachtschneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Napoleon Navarro-Tito
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
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Garg N, Taylor AJ, Pastorelli F, Flannery SE, Jackson PJ, Johnson MP, Kelly DJ. Genes Linking Copper Trafficking and Homeostasis to the Biogenesis and Activity of the cbb 3-Type Cytochrome c Oxidase in the Enteric Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:683260. [PMID: 34248902 PMCID: PMC8267372 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.683260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial C-type haem-copper oxidases in the cbb 3 family are widespread in microaerophiles, which exploit their high oxygen-binding affinity for growth in microoxic niches. In microaerophilic pathogens, C-type oxidases can be essential for infection, yet little is known about their biogenesis compared to model bacteria. Here, we have identified genes involved in cbb 3-oxidase (Cco) assembly and activity in the Gram-negative pathogen Campylobacter jejuni, the commonest cause of human food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis. Several genes of unknown function downstream of the oxidase structural genes ccoNOQP were shown to be essential (cj1483c and cj1486c) or important (cj1484c and cj1485c) for Cco activity; Cj1483 is a CcoH homologue, but Cj1484 (designated CcoZ) has structural similarity to MSMEG_4692, involved in Qcr-oxidase supercomplex formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of detergent solubilised membranes revealed three major bands, one of which contained CcoZ along with Qcr and oxidase subunits. Deletion of putative copper trafficking genes ccoI (cj1155c) and ccoS (cj1154c) abolished Cco activity, which was partially restored by addition of copper during growth, while inactivation of cj0369c encoding a CcoG homologue led to a partial reduction in Cco activity. Deletion of an operon encoding PCu A C (Cj0909) and Sco (Cj0911) periplasmic copper chaperone homologues reduced Cco activity, which was partially restored in the cj0911 mutant by exogenous copper. Phenotypic analyses of gene deletions in the cj1161c-1166c cluster, encoding several genes involved in intracellular metal homeostasis, showed that inactivation of copA (cj1161c), or copZ (cj1162c) led to both elevated intracellular Cu and reduced Cco activity, effects exacerbated at high external Cu. Our work has therefore identified (i) additional Cco subunits, (ii) a previously uncharacterized set of genes linking copper trafficking and Cco activity, and (iii) connections with Cu homeostasis in this important pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitanshu Garg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan J Taylor
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Pastorelli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Flannery
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip J Jackson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew P Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David J Kelly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Robinson JR, Isikhuemhen OS, Anike FN. Fungal-Metal Interactions: A Review of Toxicity and Homeostasis. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:225. [PMID: 33803838 PMCID: PMC8003315 DOI: 10.3390/jof7030225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles used as antifungals have increased the occurrence of fungal-metal interactions. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how these interactions cause genomic and physiological changes, which can produce fungal superbugs. Despite interest in these interactions, there is limited understanding of resistance mechanisms in most fungi studied until now. We highlight the current knowledge of fungal homeostasis of zinc, copper, iron, manganese, and silver to comprehensively examine associated mechanisms of resistance. Such mechanisms have been widely studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but limited reports exist in filamentous fungi, though they are frequently the subject of nanoparticle biosynthesis and targets of antifungal metals. In most cases, microarray analyses uncovered resistance mechanisms as a response to metal exposure. In yeast, metal resistance is mainly due to the down-regulation of metal ion importers, utilization of metallothionein and metallothionein-like structures, and ion sequestration to the vacuole. In contrast, metal resistance in filamentous fungi heavily relies upon cellular ion export. However, there are instances of resistance that utilized vacuole sequestration, ion metallothionein, and chelator binding, deleting a metal ion importer, and ion storage in hyphal cell walls. In general, resistance to zinc, copper, iron, and manganese is extensively reported in yeast and partially known in filamentous fungi; and silver resistance lacks comprehensive understanding in both.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omoanghe S. Isikhuemhen
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (J.R.R.); (F.N.A.)
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38
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Zhu X, Boulet A, Buckley KM, Phillips CB, Gammon MG, Oldfather LE, Moore SA, Leary SC, Cobine PA. Mitochondrial copper and phosphate transporter specificity was defined early in the evolution of eukaryotes. eLife 2021; 10:64690. [PMID: 33591272 PMCID: PMC7924939 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial carrier family protein SLC25A3 transports both copper and phosphate in mammals, yet in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the transport of these substrates is partitioned across two paralogs: PIC2 and MIR1. To understand the ancestral state of copper and phosphate transport in mitochondria, we explored the evolutionary relationships of PIC2 and MIR1 orthologs across the eukaryotic tree of life. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that PIC2-like and MIR1-like orthologs are present in all major eukaryotic supergroups, indicating an ancient gene duplication created these paralogs. To link this phylogenetic signal to protein function, we used structural modeling and site-directed mutagenesis to identify residues involved in copper and phosphate transport. Based on these analyses, we generated an L175A variant of mouse SLC25A3 that retains the ability to transport copper but not phosphate. This work highlights the utility of using an evolutionary framework to uncover amino acids involved in substrate recognition by mitochondrial carrier family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, United States
| | - Aren Boulet
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Casey B Phillips
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, United States
| | - Micah G Gammon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, United States
| | - Laura E Oldfather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, United States
| | - Stanley A Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Scot C Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Paul A Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, United States
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39
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Gladyck S, Aras S, Hüttemann M, Grossman LI. Regulation of COX Assembly and Function by Twin CX 9C Proteins-Implications for Human Disease. Cells 2021; 10:197. [PMID: 33498264 PMCID: PMC7909247 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation is a tightly regulated process in mammals that takes place in and across the inner mitochondrial membrane and consists of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase. Complex IV, or cytochrome c oxidase (COX), is the terminal enzyme of the electron transport chain, responsible for accepting electrons from cytochrome c, pumping protons to contribute to the gradient utilized by ATP synthase to produce ATP, and reducing oxygen to water. As such, COX is tightly regulated through numerous mechanisms including protein-protein interactions. The twin CX9C family of proteins has recently been shown to be involved in COX regulation by assisting with complex assembly, biogenesis, and activity. The twin CX9C motif allows for the import of these proteins into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria using the redox import machinery of Mia40/CHCHD4. Studies have shown that knockdown of the proteins discussed in this review results in decreased or completely deficient aerobic respiration in experimental models ranging from yeast to human cells, as the proteins are conserved across species. This article highlights and discusses the importance of COX regulation by twin CX9C proteins in the mitochondria via COX assembly and control of its activity through protein-protein interactions, which is further modulated by cell signaling pathways. Interestingly, select members of the CX9C protein family, including MNRR1 and CHCHD10, show a novel feature in that they not only localize to the mitochondria but also to the nucleus, where they mediate oxygen- and stress-induced transcriptional regulation, opening a new view of mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk and its involvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Gladyck
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.G.); (S.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Siddhesh Aras
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.G.); (S.A.); (M.H.)
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.G.); (S.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Lawrence I. Grossman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (S.G.); (S.A.); (M.H.)
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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40
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Copper metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: an update. Biometals 2020; 34:3-14. [PMID: 33128172 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element in all forms of life. It acts as a cofactor of some enzymes and is involved in forming proper protein conformations. However, excess copper ions in cells are detrimental as they can generate free radicals or disrupt protein structures. Therefore, all life forms have evolved conserved and exquisite copper metabolic systems to maintain copper homeostasis. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been widely used to investigate copper metabolism as it is convenient for this purpose. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of copper metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae according to the latest literature. In brief, bioavailable copper ions are incorporated into yeast cells mainly via the high-affinity transporters Ctr1 and Ctr3. Then, intracellular Cu+ ions are delivered to different organelles or cuproproteins by different chaperones, including Ccs1, Atx1, and Cox17. Excess copper ions bind to glutathione (GSH), metallothioneins, and copper complexes are sequestered into vacuoles to avoid toxicity. Copper-sensing transcription factors Ace1 and Mac1 regulate the expression of genes involved in copper detoxification and uptake/mobilization in response to changes in intracellular copper levels. Though numerous recent breakthroughs in understanding yeast's copper metabolism have been achieved, some issues remain unresolved. Completely elucidating the mechanism of copper metabolism in yeast helps decode the corresponding system in humans and understand how copper-related diseases develop.
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Oc S, Eraslan S, Kirdar B. Dynamic transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to copper. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18487. [PMID: 33116258 PMCID: PMC7595141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is a crucial trace element for all living systems and any deficiency in copper homeostasis leads to the development of severe diseases in humans. The observation of extensive evolutionary conservation in copper homeostatic systems between human and Saccharomyces cerevisiae made this organism a suitable model organism for elucidating molecular mechanisms of copper transport and homeostasis. In this study, the dynamic transcriptional response of both the reference strain and homozygous deletion mutant strain of CCC2, which encodes a Cu2+-transporting P-type ATPase, were investigated following the introduction of copper impulse to reach a copper concentration which was shown to improve the respiration capacity of CCC2 deletion mutants. The analysis of data by using different clustering algorithms revealed significantly affected processes and pathways in response to a switch from copper deficient environment to elevated copper levels. Sulfur compound, methionine and cysteine biosynthetic processes were identified as significantly affected processes for the first time in this study. Stress response, cellular response to DNA damage, iron ion homeostasis, ubiquitin dependent proteolysis, autophagy and regulation of macroautophagy, DNA repair and replication, as well as organization of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, mitochondrial organization and translation were identified as significantly affected processes in only CCC2 deleted strain. The integration of the transcriptomic data with regulome revealed the differences in the extensive re-wiring of dynamic transcriptional organization and regulation in these strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem Oc
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey. .,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Serpil Eraslan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey.,Diagnosis Centre for Genetic Disorders, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - Betul Kirdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 34342, Turkey
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Cobine PA, Moore SA, Leary SC. Getting out what you put in: Copper in mitochondria and its impacts on human disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118867. [PMID: 32979421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria accumulate copper in their matrix for the eventual maturation of the cuproenzymes cytochrome c oxidase and superoxide dismutase. Transport into the matrix is achieved by mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) proteins. The major copper transporting MCF described to date in yeast is Pic2, which imports the metal ion into the matrix. Pic2 is one of ~30 MCFs that move numerous metabolites, nucleotides and co-factors across the inner membrane for use in the matrix. Genetic and biochemical experiments showed that Pic2 is required for cytochrome c oxidase activity under copper stress, and that it is capable of transporting ionic and complexed forms of copper. The Pic2 ortholog SLC25A3, one of 53 mammalian MCFs, functions as both a copper and a phosphate transporter. Depletion of SLC25A3 results in decreased accumulation of copper in the matrix, a cytochrome c oxidase defect and a modulation of cytosolic superoxide dismutase abundance. The regulatory roles for copper and cuproproteins resident to the mitochondrion continue to expand beyond the organelle. Mitochondrial copper chaperones have been linked to the modulation of cellular copper uptake and export and the facilitation of inter-organ communication. Recently, a role for matrix copper has also been proposed in a novel cell death pathway termed cuproptosis. This review will detail our understanding of the maturation of mitochondrial copper enzymes, the roles of mitochondrial signals in regulating cellular copper content, the proposed mechanisms of copper transport into the organelle and explore the evolutionary origins of copper homeostasis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
| | - Stanley A Moore
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Scot C Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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43
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Functions of Cytochrome c oxidase Assembly Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197254. [PMID: 33008142 PMCID: PMC7582755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase is the terminal complex of eukaryotic oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. This process couples the reduction of electron carriers during metabolism to the reduction of molecular oxygen to water and translocation of protons from the internal mitochondrial matrix to the inter-membrane space. The electrochemical gradient formed is used to generate chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate to power vital cellular processes. Cytochrome c oxidase and most oxidative phosphorylation complexes are the product of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This poses a series of topological and temporal steps that must be completed to ensure efficient assembly of the functional enzyme. Many assembly factors have evolved to perform these steps for insertion of protein into the inner mitochondrial membrane, maturation of the polypeptide, incorporation of co-factors and prosthetic groups and to regulate this process. Much of the information about each of these assembly factors has been gleaned from use of the single cell eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae and also mutations responsible for human disease. This review will focus on the assembly factors of cytochrome c oxidase to highlight some of the outstanding questions in the assembly of this vital enzyme complex.
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What Role Does COA6 Play in Cytochrome C Oxidase Biogenesis: A Metallochaperone or Thiol Oxidoreductase, or Both? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196983. [PMID: 32977416 PMCID: PMC7582641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase; COX) is the terminal complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Copper is essential for COX assembly, activity, and stability, and is incorporated into the dinuclear CuA and mononuclear CuB sites. Multiple assembly factors play roles in the biogenesis of these sites within COX and the failure of this intricate process, such as through mutations to these factors, disrupts COX assembly and activity. Various studies over the last ten years have revealed that the assembly factor COA6, a small intermembrane space-located protein with a twin CX9C motif, plays a role in the biogenesis of the CuA site. However, how COA6 and its copper binding properties contribute to the assembly of this site has been a controversial area of research. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which COA6 participates in COX biogenesis.
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45
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Andrei A, Öztürk Y, Khalfaoui-Hassani B, Rauch J, Marckmann D, Trasnea PI, Daldal F, Koch HG. Cu Homeostasis in Bacteria: The Ins and Outs. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E242. [PMID: 32962054 PMCID: PMC7558416 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for all living organisms and used as cofactor in key enzymes of important biological processes, such as aerobic respiration or superoxide dismutation. However, due to its toxicity, cells have developed elaborate mechanisms for Cu homeostasis, which balance Cu supply for cuproprotein biogenesis with the need to remove excess Cu. This review summarizes our current knowledge on bacterial Cu homeostasis with a focus on Gram-negative bacteria and describes the multiple strategies that bacteria use for uptake, storage and export of Cu. We furthermore describe general mechanistic principles that aid the bacterial response to toxic Cu concentrations and illustrate dedicated Cu relay systems that facilitate Cu delivery for cuproenzyme biogenesis. Progress in understanding how bacteria avoid Cu poisoning while maintaining a certain Cu quota for cell proliferation is of particular importance for microbial pathogens because Cu is utilized by the host immune system for attenuating pathogen survival in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Andrei
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
- Fakultät für Biologie, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yavuz Öztürk
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | | | - Juna Rauch
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | - Dorian Marckmann
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
| | | | - Fevzi Daldal
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Hans-Georg Koch
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg; Stefan Meier Str. 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (A.A.); (Y.O.); (J.R.); (D.M.)
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46
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Soma S, Morgada MN, Naik MT, Boulet A, Roesler AA, Dziuba N, Ghosh A, Yu Q, Lindahl PA, Ames JB, Leary SC, Vila AJ, Gohil VM. COA6 Is Structurally Tuned to Function as a Thiol-Disulfide Oxidoreductase in Copper Delivery to Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4114-4126.e5. [PMID: 31851937 PMCID: PMC6946597 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, cellular respiration is driven by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), an enzyme complex that requires copper cofactors for its catalytic activity. Insertion of copper into its catalytically active subunits, including COX2, is a complex process that requires metallochaperones and redox proteins including SCO1, SCO2, and COA6, a recently discovered protein whose molecular function is unknown. To uncover the molecular mechanism by which COA6 and SCO proteins mediate copper delivery to COX2, we have solved the solution structure of COA6, which reveals a coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain typical of redox-active proteins found in the mitochondrial inter-membrane space. Accordingly, we demonstrate that COA6 can reduce the copper-coordinating disulfides of its client proteins, SCO1 and COX2, allowing for copper binding. Finally, our determination of the interaction surfaces and reduction potentials of COA6 and its client proteins provides a mechanism of how metallochaperone and disulfide reductase activities are coordinated to deliver copper to CcO. Soma et al. reports the solution structure of cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COA6 and establishes that it functions as a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase in a relay system that delivers copper to COX2, a copper-containing subunit of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivatheja Soma
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Marcos N Morgada
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Área Biofísica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario (2000), Argentina
| | - Mandar T Naik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Aren Boulet
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Anna A Roesler
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Dziuba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Alok Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Qinhong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paul A Lindahl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - James B Ames
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Scot C Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Alejandro J Vila
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET), Área Biofísica, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario (2000), Argentina
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, MS 3474, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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47
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Petito G, de Curcio JS, Pereira M, Bailão AM, Paccez JD, Tristão GB, de Morais COB, de Souza MV, de Castro Moreira Santos A, Fontes W, Ricart CAO, de Almeida Soares CM. Metabolic Adaptation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in Response to in vitro Copper Deprivation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1834. [PMID: 32849434 PMCID: PMC7430155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient for the performance of important biochemical processes such as respiration detoxification, and uptake of metals like iron. Studies have shown that copper deprivation is a strategy used by the host against pathogenic fungi such as Cryptoccocus neoformans and Candida albicans during growth and development of infections in the lungs and kidneys. Although there are some studies, little is known about the impact of copper deprivation in members of the Paracoccidioides genus. Therefore, using isobaric tag labeling (iTRAQ)-Based proteomic approach and LC-MS/MS, we analyzed the impact of in vitro copper deprivation in the metabolism of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. One hundred and sixty-four (164) differentially abundant proteins were identified when yeast cells were deprived of copper, which affected cellular respiration and detoxification processes. Changes in cellular metabolism such as increased beta oxidation and cell wall remodeling were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Petito
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Juliana Santana de Curcio
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Maristela Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Melo Bailão
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Juliano Domiraci Paccez
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Brum Tristão
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Valle de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Wagner Fontes
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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48
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Boyd SD, Ullrich MS, Skopp A, Winkler DD. Copper Sources for Sod1 Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060500. [PMID: 32517371 PMCID: PMC7346115 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper ions (i.e., copper) are a critical part of several cellular processes, but tight regulation of copper levels and trafficking are required to keep the cell protected from this highly reactive transition metal. Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1) protects the cell from the accumulation of radical oxygen species by way of the redox cycling activity of copper in its catalytic center. Multiple posttranslational modification events, including copper incorporation, are reliant on the copper chaperone for Sod1 (Ccs). The high-affinity copper uptake protein (Ctr1) is the main entry point of copper into eukaryotic cells and can directly supply copper to Ccs along with other known intracellular chaperones and trafficking molecules. This review explores the routes of copper delivery that are utilized to activate Sod1 and the usefulness and necessity of each.
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49
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Mitochondrial OXPHOS Biogenesis: Co-Regulation of Protein Synthesis, Import, and Assembly Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113820. [PMID: 32481479 PMCID: PMC7312649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes is an intricate process, which—given their dual-genetic control—requires tight co-regulation of two evolutionarily distinct gene expression machineries. Moreover, fine-tuning protein synthesis to the nascent assembly of OXPHOS complexes requires regulatory mechanisms such as translational plasticity and translational activators that can coordinate mitochondrial translation with the import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. The intricacy of OXPHOS complex biogenesis is further evidenced by the requirement of many tightly orchestrated steps and ancillary factors. Early-stage ancillary chaperones have essential roles in coordinating OXPHOS assembly, whilst late-stage assembly factors—also known as the LYRM (leucine–tyrosine–arginine motif) proteins—together with the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP)—regulate the incorporation and activation of late-incorporating OXPHOS subunits and/or co-factors. In this review, we describe recent discoveries providing insights into the mechanisms required for optimal OXPHOS biogenesis, including the coordination of mitochondrial gene expression with the availability of nuclear-encoded factors entering via mitochondrial protein import systems.
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50
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Mansilla N, Welchen E, Gonzalez DH. Arabidopsis SCO Proteins Oppositely Influence Cytochrome c Oxidase Levels and Gene Expression during Salinity Stress. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:2769-2784. [PMID: 31418792 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
SCO (synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase) proteins are involved in the insertion of copper during the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the final enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Two SCO proteins, namely, homolog of copper chaperone 1 and 2 (HCC1 and HCC2) are present in seed plants, but HCC2 lacks the residues involved in copper binding, leading to uncertainties about its function. In this study, we performed a transcriptomic and phenotypic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with reduced expression of HCC1 or HCC2. We observed that a deficiency in HCC1 causes a decrease in the expression of several stress-responsive genes, both under basal growth conditions and after applying a short-term high salinity treatment. In addition, HCC1 deficient plants show a faster decrease in chlorophyll content, photosystem II quantum efficiency and COX levels after salinity stress, as well as a faster increase in alternative oxidase capacity. Notably, HCC2 deficiency causes opposite changes in most of these parameters. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis indicated that both proteins are able to interact. We postulate that HCC1 is a limiting factor for COX assembly during high salinity conditions and that HCC2 probably acts as a negative modulator of HCC1 activity through protein-protein interactions. In addition, a direct or indirect role of HCC1 and HCC2 in the gene expression response to stress is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natanael Mansilla
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog�a del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), C�tedra de Biolog�a Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioqu�mica y Ciencias Biol�gicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog�a del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), C�tedra de Biolog�a Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioqu�mica y Ciencias Biol�gicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog�a del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), C�tedra de Biolog�a Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioqu�mica y Ciencias Biol�gicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
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