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Zhang D, Yang J, Huang Q, Zhao D, Wang T, Yu D, Qin L, Zhang K. Molecular functions of HAX1 during disease progress. Virus Genes 2024:10.1007/s11262-024-02081-8. [PMID: 38992331 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-024-02081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1) is a newly discovered multifunctional cell regulatory protein that is widely expressed in cells and has a close relationship with multiple cellular proteins. HAX1 plays important roles in various processes, including the regulation of apoptosis, maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential stability and calcium homeostasis, occurrence and development of diseases, post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, and host immune response after viral infection. In this article, we have reviewed the research progress on the biological functions of HAX1, thereby laying a theoretical foundation for further exploration of its underlying mechanisms and targeted application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinke Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengshuai Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dixi Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Qin
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Keshan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Pisani C, Onori A, Gabanella F, Iezzi S, De Angelis R, Fanciulli M, Colizza A, de Vincentiis M, Di Certo MG, Passananti C, Corbi N. HAX1 is a novel binding partner of Che-1/AATF. Implications in oxidative stress cell response. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119587. [PMID: 37742722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
HAX1 is a multifunctional protein involved in the antagonism of apoptosis in cellular response to oxidative stress. In the present study we identified HAX1 as a novel binding partner for Che-1/AATF, a pro-survival factor which plays a crucial role in fundamental processes, including response to multiple stresses and apoptosis. HAX1 and Che-1 proteins show extensive colocalization in mitochondria and we demonstrated that their association is strengthened after oxidative stress stimuli. Interestingly, in MCF-7 cells, resembling luminal estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer, we found that Che-1 depletion correlates with decreased HAX1 mRNA and protein levels, and this event is not significantly affected by oxidative stress induction. Furthermore, we observed an enhancement of the previously reported interaction between HAX1 and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) upon H2O2 treatment. These results indicate the two anti-apoptotic proteins HAX1 and Che-1 as coordinated players in cellular response to oxidative stress with a potential role in estrogen sensitive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Pisani
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Onori
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gabanella
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta De Angelis
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Colizza
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco de Vincentiis
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Dobrewa W, Bielska M, Bąbol-Pokora K, Janczar S, Młynarski W. Congenital neutropenia: From lab bench to clinic bedside and back. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108476. [PMID: 37989463 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Neutropenia is a hematological condition characterized by a decrease in absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in peripheral blood, typically classified in adults as mild (1-1.5 × 109/L), moderate (0.5-1 × 109/L), or severe (< 0.5 × 109/L). It can be categorized into two types: congenital and acquired. Congenital severe chronic neutropenia (SCN) arises from mutations in various genes, with different inheritance patterns, including autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and X-linked forms, often linked to mitochondrial diseases. The most common genetic cause is alterations in the ELANE gene. Some cases exist as non-syndromic neutropenia within the SCN spectrum, where genetic origins remain unidentified. The clinical consequences of congenital neutropenia depend on granulocyte levels and dysfunction. Infants with this condition often experience recurrent bacterial infections, with approximately half facing severe infections within their first six months of life. These infections commonly affect the respiratory system, digestive tract, and skin, resulting in symptoms like fever, abscesses, and even sepsis. The severity of these symptoms varies, and the specific organs and systems affected depend on the genetic defect. Congenital neutropenia elevates the risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), particularly with certain genetic variants. SCN patients may acquire CSF3R and RUNX1 mutations, which can predict the development of leukemia. It is important to note that high-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment may have the potential to promote leukemogenesis. Treatment for neutropenia involves antibiotics, drugs that boost neutrophil production, or bone marrow transplants. Immediate treatment is essential due to the heightened risk of severe infections. In severe congenital or cyclic neutropenia (CyN), the primary therapy is G-CSF, often combined with antibiotics. The G-CSF dosage is gradually increased to normalize neutrophil counts. Hematopoietic stem cell transplants are considered for non-responders or those at risk of AML/MDS. In cases of WHIM syndrome, CXCR4 inhibitors can be effective. Future treatments may involve gene editing and the use of the diabetes drug empagliflozin to alleviate neutropenia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Dobrewa
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marta Bielska
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bąbol-Pokora
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Szymon Janczar
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Młynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland.
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Hezinger L, Bauer S, Ellwanger K, Piotrowsky A, Biber F, Venturelli S, Kufer TA. NOD1 cooperates with HAX-1 to promote cell migration in a RIPK2- and NF-ĸB-independent manner. FEBS J 2023; 290:5295-5312. [PMID: 37488967 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The human Nod-like receptor protein NOD1 is a well-described pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) with diverse functions. NOD1 associates with F-actin and its protein levels are upregulated in metastatic cancer cells. A hallmark of cancer cells is their ability to migrate, which involves actin remodelling. Using chemotaxis and wound healing assays, we show that NOD1 expression correlated with the migration rate and chemotactic index in the cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa. The effect of NOD1 in cell migration was independent of the downstream kinase RIPK2 and NF-ĸB activity. Additionally, NOD1 negatively regulated the phosphorylation status of cofilin, which inhibits actin turnover. Co-immunoprecipitation assays identified HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) as a previously unknown interaction partner of NOD1. Silencing of HAX-1 expression reduced the migration behaviour to similar levels as NOD1 knockdown, and simultaneous knockdown of NOD1 and HAX-1 showed no additive effect, suggesting that both proteins act in the same pathway. In conclusion, our data revealed an important role of the PRR NOD1 in regulating cell migration as well as chemotaxis in human cervical cancer cells and identified HAX-1 as a protein that interacts with NOD1 and is involved in this signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Hezinger
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sarah Bauer
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kornelia Ellwanger
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alban Piotrowsky
- Department of Biochemistry of Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Biber
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sascha Venturelli
- Department of Biochemistry of Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas A Kufer
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Trębińska-Stryjewska A, Wakula M, Chmielarczyk M, Grzybowska EA. HAX1: A versatile, intrinsically disordered regulatory protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119538. [PMID: 37454914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
HAX1 is a relatively small, ubiquitously expressed, predominantly mitochondrial, intrinsically disordered protein. It has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis, cell migration, calcium cycling, proteostasis, angiogenesis, autophagy and translation. A wide spectrum of functions, numerous interactions and still elusive molecular mechanisms of action make HAX1 an intriguing subject of research. Moreover, HAX1 is involved in the pathogenesis of diseases; its deficiency leads to neutropenia and its overexpression is associated with cancer. In this review we aim to describe the characteristics of HAX1 gene and protein, and comprehensively discuss its multiple functions, highlighting the emerging role of HAX1 in protection from stress and apoptosis through maintaining cellular proteostasis and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Wakula
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ewa A Grzybowska
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
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Knockdown of Long Noncoding RNA 01124 Inhibits the Malignant Behaviors of Colon Cancer Cells via miR-654-5p/HAX-1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1092107. [PMID: 36193129 PMCID: PMC9526654 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1092107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in cancer, including colon cancer (CC). However, the exact role of long noncoding RNA 01124 (LINC01124) in CC and its mechanisms of action remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the functional effects and the possible mechanism of LINC01124 in CC. Methods We first determined the expression of LINC01124 in CC tissues (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database) and cell lines (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)). Functional analysis via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, cell cycle, wound healing and Transwell assays were performed, and a mechanistic experiment was performed with the western blotting. The function of LINC01124 was also determined in vivo using nude BALB/c mice. Results The results showed that LINC01124 was upregulated in CC tissues and cell lines. Functional studies showed that knockdown of LINC01124 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent mechanistic experiments indicated that LINC01124 acted as a sponge to suppress microRNA 654-5p, which targeted HAX-1. Downregulation of LINC01124 decreased the expression of HAX-1, and overexpression of the miR-654-5p inhibitor attenuated the sh-LINC01124-induced inhibition of CC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusion Collectively, this study revealed that the knockdown of LINC01124 inhibited the malignant behaviors of CC via the miR-654-5p/HAX-1 axis, suggesting that LINC01124 might be a therapeutic target for CC treatment.
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Pan Z, Zheng Z, Ye W, Chen C, Ye S. Overexpression of GNA13 correlates with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after esophagectomy. Int J Biol Markers 2022; 37:289-295. [PMID: 35706395 DOI: 10.1177/03936155221106799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the expression and clinical implication of guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha 13 (GNA13) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS We first employed western blot analysis to test the GNA13 protein expression level in ESCC tissues. Subsequently, we used immunohistochemistry assays to detect the GNA13 in ESCC specimens from 173 patients who underwent esophagectomy. Survival analysis was performed to define the impact of GNA13 expressions on the prognosis of the ESCC patients based on the clinical and follow-up data. RESULTS The GNA13 protein was shown to be considerably higher in ESCC tissues than in normal esophageal tissues. The level of expression was closely related to the tumor, node, TNM stage, and tumor size. More importantly, ESCC patients with high GNA13 expression carried an increased risk of tumor recurrence compared to those with low GNA13 expression. In addition, a high GNA13 expression level could independently predict worse overall survival and disease-free survival in ESCC. CONCLUSIONS GNA13 could be a novel prognostic biomarker for ESCC patients after esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Pan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, 71068Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhousan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, 71068Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, 71068Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, 71068Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, 71068Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Bettegazzi B, Bellani S, Cattaneo S, Codazzi F, Grohovaz F, Zacchetti D. Gα13 Contributes to LPS-Induced Morphological Alterations and Affects Migration of Microglia. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6397-6414. [PMID: 34529232 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the CNS that are activated in response to a variety of stimuli. This phenotypical change is aimed to maintain the local homeostasis, also by containing the insults and repair the damages. All these processes are tightly regulated and coordinated and a failure in restoring homeostasis by microglia can result in the development of neuroinflammation that can facilitate the progression of pathological conditions. Indeed, chronic microglia activation is commonly recognized as a hallmark of many neurological disorders, especially at an early stage. Many complex pathways, including cytoskeletal remodeling, are involved in the control of the microglial phenotypical and morphological changes that occur during activation. In this work, we focused on the small GTPase Gα13 and its role at the crossroad between RhoA and Rac1 signaling when microglia is exposed to pro-inflammatory stimulation. We propose the direct involvement of Gα13 in the cytoskeletal rearrangements mediated by FAK, LIMK/cofilin, and Rac1 during microglia activation. In fact, we show that Gα13 knockdown significantly inhibited LPS-induced microglial cell activation, in terms of both changes in morphology and migration, through the modulation of FAK and one of its downstream effectors, Rac1. In conclusion, we propose Gα13 as a critical factor in the regulation of morphological and functional properties of microglia during activation, which might become a target of intervention for the control of microglia inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bettegazzi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Serena Bellani
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Franca Codazzi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Grohovaz
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Zacchetti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Chang CW, Cheng N, Bai Y, Skidgel RA, Du X. Gα 13 Mediates Transendothelial Migration of Neutrophils by Promoting Integrin-Dependent Motility without Affecting Directionality. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:3038-3049. [PMID: 34799423 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil migration requires β2 integrins and chemoattractant receptor signaling for motility and directionality. G protein subunit Gα13 can facilitate cell migration by mediating RhoA activation induced by G protein-coupled receptors. However, the possible role of Gα13-integrin interaction in migration is unclear. In this study, we show that Gα13 -/- neutrophils are deficient in transendothelial migration and migration on β2 integrin ligand ICAM-1. However, unlike G protein-coupled receptors and integrin inside-out signaling pathways, Gα13 is important in migration velocity and neutrophil spreading but not in directionality nor cell adhesion. Importantly, neutrophil recruitment in vivo was also inhibited in Gα13 -/- mice, suggesting the importance of Gα13 in transendothelial migration of neutrophils in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, a synthetic peptide (MB2mP6) derived from the Gα13 binding site of β2 inhibited Gα13-β2 interaction and Gα13-mediated transient RhoA inhibition in neutrophils, suggesting that this peptide inhibited integrin outside-in signaling. MB2mP6 inhibited migration of control neutrophils through endothelial cell monolayers or ICAM-1-coated filters, but was without further effect on Gα13 -/- neutrophils. It also inhibited integrin-dependent neutrophil migration velocity without affecting directionality. In vivo, MB2mP6 markedly inhibited neutrophil infiltration into the cardiac tissues induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, Gα13-dependent outside-in signaling enables integrin-dependent neutrophil motility without affecting directionality and may be a new therapeutic target for inhibiting neutrophil trafficking but not adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire W Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; and
| | - Ni Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yanyan Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Xiaoping Du
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL;
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The interactome of multifunctional HAX1 protein suggests its role in the regulation of energy metabolism, de-aggregation, cytoskeleton organization and RNA-processing. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226900. [PMID: 33146709 PMCID: PMC7670567 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1) is a multifunctional protein involved in many cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell migration and calcium homeostasis, but its mode of action still remains obscure. Multiple HAX1 protein partners have been identified, but they are involved in many distinct pathways, form different complexes and do not constitute a coherent group. By characterizing HAX1 protein interactome using targeted approach, we attempt to explain HAX1 multiple functions and its role in the cell. Presented analyses indicate that HAX1 interacts weakly with a wide spectrum of proteins and its interactome tends to be cell-specific, which conforms to a profile of intrinsically disordered protein (IDP). Moreover, we have identified a mitochondrial subset of HAX1 protein partners and preliminarily characterized its involvement in the cellular response to oxidative stress and aggregation.
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11
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Pisani C, Onori A, Gabanella F, Di Certo MG, Passananti C, Corbi N. Identification of protein/mRNA network involving the PSORS1 locus gene CCHCR1 and the PSORS4 locus gene HAX1. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112471. [PMID: 33417922 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
CCHCR1 (Coiled-Coil alpha-Helical Rod 1), maps to chromosomal region 6p21.3, within the major psoriasis susceptibility locus PSORS1. CCHCR1 itself is a plausible psoriasis candidate gene, however its role in psoriasis pathogenesis remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that CCHCR1 protein acts as a cytoplasmic docking site for RNA polymerase II core subunit 3 (RPB3) in cycling cells, suggesting a role for CCHCR1 in vesicular trafficking between cellular compartments. Here, we report a novel interaction between CCHCR1 and the RNA binding protein HAX1. HAX1 maps to chromosomal region 1q21.3 within the PSORS4 locus and is over-expressed in psoriasis. Both CCHCR1 and HAX1 share subcellular co-localization with mitochondria, nuclei and cytoplasmic vesicles as P-bodies. By a series of ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, we isolated a pool of mRNAs complexed with HAX1 and/or CCHCR1 proteins. Among the mRNAs complexed with both CCHCR1 and HAX1 proteins, there are Vimentin mRNA, previously described to be bound by HAX1, and CAMP/LL37 mRNA, whose gene product is over-expressed in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Pisani
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Onori
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Gabanella
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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12
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Liang Z, Zhong Y, Meng L, Chen Y, Liu Y, Wu A, Li X, Wang M. HAX1 enhances the survival and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer through the AKT/mTOR and MDM2/p53 signaling pathway. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:3155-3167. [PMID: 32926529 PMCID: PMC7606027 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HS‐1‐associated protein‐1 (HAX1) has been reported to be overexpressed in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. However, the underlying mechanism of HAX1 in NSCLC has not previously been demonstrated. The present study investigated the role and underlying mechanism of HAX1 in NSCLC. Methods The HAX1 expression were confirmed in NSCLC tissues through TCGA database and qRT‐PCR. Moreover, we performed qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, Transwell assays, TUNEL assays and so on to evaluate the role of HAX1 in A549 and H1299 cell lines. Results mRNA expression of HAX1 was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. QRT‐PCR assays showed that HAX1 mRNA expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues. The high HAX1 mRNA levels were found to be positively associated with tumor size, TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis. Silencing of HAX1 promoted apoptosis and reduced invasion of A549 and H1299 cells by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and MDM2/P53 signal pathway. AKT agonist SC79 could inhibit apoptosis and promote proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells transfected with si‐HAX1. Conclusions The present study provided a better understanding of HAX1 mechanism in NSCLC and potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifei Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Aihua Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Differential effects of thymoquinone on lysophosphatidic acid-induced oncogenic pathways in ovarian cancer cells. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:207-216. [PMID: 32670815 PMCID: PMC7340879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone, a therapeutic phytochemical derived from Nigella sativa, has been shown to have a potent anticancer activity. However, it has been identified that the tumor microenvironment (TME) can attenuate the anticancer effects of thymoquinone (TQ) in ovarian cancer. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid growth factor present in high concentration in the TME of ovarian cancer, has been shown to regulate multiple oncogenic pathways in ovarian cancer. Taking account of the crucial role of LPA in the genesis and progression of ovarian cancer, the present study is focused on assessing the efficacy of TQ in inhibiting LPA-stimulated oncogenic pathways in ovarian cancer cells. Our results indicate that TQ is unable to attenuate LPA-stimulated proliferation or metabolic reprogramming in ovarian cancer cells. However, TQ potently inhibits the basal as well as LPA-stimulated migratory responses of the ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, TQ abrogates the invasive migration of ovarian cancer cells induced by Gαi2, through which LPA stimulates cell migration. TQ also attenuates the activation of JNK, Src, and FAK, the downstream signaling nodes of LPA-LPAR-Gαi2 signaling pathway. In addition to establishing the differential effects of TQ in ovarian cancer cells, our results unravel the antitherapeutic role of LPA in the ovarian cancer TME could override the inhibitory effects of TQ on cell proliferation and metabolic reprogramming of ovarian cancer cells. More importantly, the concomitant finding that TQ could still sustain its inhibitory effect on LPA-stimulated invasive cell migration, points to its potential use as a response-specific therapeutic agent in ovarian cancer. LPA, present in the TME of ovarian cancer, plays a determinant role in limiting the anti-oncogenic efficacy of TQ. TQ has no inhibitory effect on LPA-stimulated oncogenic cell proliferation and metabolic reprogramming. However, TQ potently inhibits both the basal and LPA- or the downstream Gαi2-induced invasive migration ovarian cancer cells. Corollary to these findings, TQ also inhibits JNK, Src, and FAK that are involved in LPA-induced invasive cell migration. These findings identify the potential of TQ as a response-specific therapeutic phytochemical in vivo.
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14
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Larsen EK, Weber DK, Wang S, Gopinath T, Blackwell DJ, Dalton MP, Robia SL, Gao J, Veglia G. Intrinsically disordered HAX-1 regulates Ca 2+ cycling by interacting with lipid membranes and the phospholamban cytoplasmic region. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183034. [PMID: 31400305 PMCID: PMC6899184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is a 279 amino acid protein expressed ubiquitously. In cardiac muscle, HAX-1 was found to modulate the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) by shifting its apparent Ca2+ affinity (pCa). It has been hypothesized that HAX-1 binds phospholamban (PLN), enhancing its inhibitory function on SERCA. HAX-1 effects are reversed by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A that phosphorylates PLN at Ser16. To date, the molecular mechanisms for HAX-1 regulation of the SERCA/PLN complex are still unknown. Using enzymatic, in cell assays, circular dichroism, and NMR spectroscopy, we found that in the absence of a binding partner HAX-1 is essentially disordered and adopts a partial secondary structure upon interaction with lipid membranes. Also, HAX-1 interacts with the cytoplasmic region of monomeric and pentameric PLN as detected by NMR and in cell FRET assays, respectively. We propose that the regulation of the SERCA/PLN complex by HAX-1 is mediated by its interactions with lipid membranes, adding another layer of control in Ca2+ homeostatic balance in the heart muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik K Larsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniel K Weber
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Songlin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tata Gopinath
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Michael P Dalton
- Department of Physiology, Loyola University, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Seth L Robia
- Department of Physiology, Loyola University, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; School of Chemical Biology and Technology, Beijing University Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gianluigi Veglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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15
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Balcerak A, Trebinska-Stryjewska A, Wakula M, Chmielarczyk M, Smietanka U, Rubel T, Konopinski R, Macech-Klicka E, Zub R, Grzybowska EA. HAX1 impact on collective cell migration, cell adhesion, and cell shape is linked to the regulation of actomyosin contractility. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:3024-3036. [PMID: 31644363 PMCID: PMC6880882 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-05-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HAX1 protein is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell motility and calcium homeostasis. Its overexpression was reported in several tumors, including breast cancer. This study demonstrates that HAX1 has an impact on collective, but not single-cell migration, thus indicating the importance of cell–cell contacts for the HAX1-mediated effect. Accordingly, it was shown that HAX1 knockdown affects cell–cell junctions, substrate adhesion, and epithelial cell layer integrity. As demonstrated here, these effects can be attributed to the modulation of actomyosin contractility through changes in RhoA and septin signaling. Additionally, it was shown that HAX1 does not influence invasive potential in the breast cancer cell line, suggesting that its role in breast cancer progression may be linked instead to collective invasion of the epithelial cells but not single-cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Balcerak
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Trebinska-Stryjewska
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.,Biomedical Engineering Centre, Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Wakula
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Urszula Smietanka
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tymon Rubel
- Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Konopinski
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Renata Zub
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Hu YL, Feng Y, Ma P, Wang F, Huang H, Guo YB, Li P, Mao QS, Xue WJ. HAX-1 promotes the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the NF-κB pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 381:66-76. [PMID: 31047882 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The expression of HS-1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) plays a major role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the function of HAX-1 in HCC metastasis is unclear. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to examine HAX-1 expression in HCC cell lines with different metastatic potential, and in tumor tissues with or without intrahepatic metastasis. HCC tissue arrays (n = 144) were used to assess correlations between clinicopathological parameters and HAX-1 expression. We also examined the effect of HAX-1 on promoting HCC cell metastasis in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that the expression levels of HAX-1 were higher in metastatic HCC cell lines than in non-metastatic HCC cell lines. HAX-1 was also significantly upregulated in primary HCC tissues with intrahepatic metastasis compared with those without intrahepatic metastasis. HCC in patients with high HAX-1 expression is more likely to metastasize. HAX-1 expression was associated with malignant progression and poor prognosis, and HAX1 silencing inhibited HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro and decreased HCC cell lung metastasis in vivo, whereas HAX-1 overexpression had the inverse effect. Moreover, HAX-1 increased HCC cell metastasis by promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Finally, we revealed that HAX-1 modulated EMT in HCC cells by increasing NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation. In conclusion, HAX-1 promotes HCC metastasis by EMT through activating the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that HAX-1 could be a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yi-Bing Guo
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qin-Sheng Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wan-Jiang Xue
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Cytoplasmic HAX1 Is an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer Metastasis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:6375025. [PMID: 31093284 PMCID: PMC6481036 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6375025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
HAX1 is an antiapoptotic factor involved in the regulation of cell migration and calcium homeostasis, overexpressed in several cancers, including breast cancer. It has been suggested that HAX1 is also implicated in metastasis. Herein we report the results of meta-analysis of HAX1 expression, based on publicly available data, which confirms its significant overexpression in breast cancer and demonstrates copy number gain and prognostic value of HAX1 overexpression for metastatic relapse in ER+ tumors. IHC analysis reported here also reveals its significant overexpression in breast cancer samples from primary tumors, indicating significantly higher HAX1 protein levels in a group of patients who developed distant metastases in a disease course. Moreover, we demonstrate that HAX1 localization is important for the prediction of metastatic relapse and that cytoplasmic but not nuclear HAX1 is an independent risk factor for breast cancer metastasis.
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18
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Inhibition of HAX-1 by miR-125a reverses cisplatin resistance in laryngeal cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86446-86456. [PMID: 27880721 PMCID: PMC5349925 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major obstacle in chemotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma. Recently, studies indicate that cancer stem cells are responsible for chemotherapy failure. In addition, microRNAs play important roles in tumor initiation, development and multidrug resistance. In the present study, we found that the expression of microRNA-125a was decreased in laryngeal carcinoma tissues and Hep-2 laryngeal cancer stem cells (Hep-2-CSCs). MicroRNA-125a gain-of-function significantly increased the sensitivity of Hep-2-CSCs to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Combination with microRNA-125a mimics can decrease the half maximal inhibitory concentration of Hep-2-CSCs to cisplatin. Mechanically, we found that microRNA-125a reverses cisplatin resistance in Hep-2-CSCs by targeting Hematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1). Inhibition of HAX-1 by microRNA-125a significantly promotes the cisplatin-induced apoptosis in Hep-2-CSCs through mitochondrial pathway. In addition, multidrug resistance of Hep-2-CSCs to vincristine, etoposide and doxorubicin was greatly improved after the cells were transfected with microRNA-125a mimics. These dates strongly suggested the promotion of microRNA-125a/HAX-1 axis on chemotherapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
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19
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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers Hax1-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic events in cardiac cells. Apoptosis 2018; 21:1227-1239. [PMID: 27654581 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1286-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is a major process in pathogenesis of a number of heart diseases, including ischemic heart diseases and cardiac failure. Ensuring survival of cardiac cells by blocking apoptotic events is an important strategy to improve cardiac function. Although the role of ER disruption in inducing apoptosis has been demonstrated, we do not yet fully understand how it influences the mitochondrial apoptotic machinery in cardiac cell models. Recent investigations have provided evidences that the prosurvival protein HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (Hax1) protein is intimately associated with the pathogenesis of heart disease, mitochondrial biology, and protection from apoptotic cell death. To study the role of Hax1 upon ER stress induction, Hax1 was overexpressed in cardiac cells subjected to ER stress, and cell death parameters as well as mitochondrial alterations were examined. Our results demonstrated that the Hax1 is significantly downregulated in cardiac cells upon ER stress induction. Moreover, overexpression of Hax1 protected from apoptotic events triggered by Tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Upon treatment with Tunicamycin, Hax1 protected from mitochondrial fission, downregulation of mitofusins 1 and 2 (MFN1 and MFN2), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic cell death. Taken together, our results suggest that Hax1 inhibits ER stress-induced apoptosis at both the pre- and post-mitochondrial levels. These findings may offer an opportunity to develop new agents that inhibit cell death in the diseased heart.
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20
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Ha JH, Ward JD, Radhakrishnan R, Jayaraman M, Song YS, Dhanasekaran DN. Lysophosphatidic acid stimulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition marker Slug/Snail2 in ovarian cancer cells via Gαi2, Src, and HIF1α signaling nexus. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37664-37679. [PMID: 27166196 PMCID: PMC5122340 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified a critical role for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the progression of ovarian cancer. Using a transcription factor activation reporter array, which analyzes 45 distinct transcription factors, it has been observed that LPA observed robustly activates the transcription factor hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF1α) in SKOV3.ip ovarian cancer cells. HIF1α showed 150-fold increase in its activation profile compared to the untreated control. Validation of the array analysis indicated that LPA stimulates a rapid increase in the levels of HIF1α in ovarian cancer cells, with an observed maximum level of HIF1α-induction by 4 hours. Our report demonstrates that LPA stimulates the increase in HIF1α levels via Gαi2. Consistent with the role of HIF1α in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells, LPA stimulates EMT and associated invasive cell migration along with an increase in the expression levels N-cadherin and Slug/Snail2. Using the expression of Slug/Snail2 as a marker for EMT, we demonstrate that the inhibition of Gαi2, HIF1α or Src attenuates this response. In line with the established role of EMT in promoting invasive cell migration, our data demonstrates that the inhibition of HIF1α with the clinically used HIF1α inhibitor, PX-478, drastically attenuates LPA-stimulates invasive migration of SKOV3.ip cells. Thus, our present study demonstrates that LPA utilizes a Gαi2-mediated signaling pathway via Src kinase to stimulate an increase in HIF1α levels and downstream EMT-specific factors such as Slug, leading to invasive migration of ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hee Ha
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jeremy D Ward
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Muralidharan Jayaraman
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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21
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Clinical and biological significance of HAX-1 overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:12505-24. [PMID: 26871467 PMCID: PMC4914301 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is an important marker in many types of cancers and contributes to cancer progression and metastasis. We examined the expression of HAX-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and experimentally manipulated its expression. We observed that HAX-1 expression is elevated in NPC and is correlated with lymph node metastasis, M classification, clinical stage, and poor prognosis. In addition, overexpression of HAX-1 promoted NPC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Exosomes are potential carriers of pro-tumorigenic factors that participate in oncogenesis. We found that NPC-derived exosomes are enriched in HAX-1 and accelerate NPC tumor growth and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that oncogenic HAX-1 facilitates the growth of NPC when it is transferred via exosomes to recipient human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Oncogenic HAX-1 also increases the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic activity of HUVECs. Our findings provide unique insight into the pathogenesis of NPC and underscore the need to explore novel therapeutic targets such as HAX-1 to improve NPC treatment.
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22
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G-Protein Gα 13 Functions with Abl Kinase to Regulate Actin Cytoskeletal Reorganization. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:3836-3849. [PMID: 29079481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G-proteins are essential cellular signal transducers. One of the G-proteins, Gα13, is critical for actin cytoskeletal reorganization, cell migration, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Previously, we have shown that Gα13 is essential for both G-protein-coupled receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase-induced actin cytoskeletal reorganization such as dynamic dorsal ruffle turnover and cell migration. However, the mechanism by which Gα13 signals to actin cytoskeletal reorganization is not completely understood. Here we show that Gα13 directly interacts with Abl tyrosine kinase, which is a critical regulator of actin cytoskeleton. This interaction is critical for Gα13-induced dorsal ruffle turnover, endothelial cell remodeling, and cell migration. Our data uncover a new molecular signaling pathway by which Gα13 controls actin cytoskeletal reorganization.
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23
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Hu G, Zhao X, Wang J, Lv L, Wang C, Feng L, Shen L, Ren W. miR-125b regulates the drug-resistance of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin by targeting HAX-1. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1621-1629. [PMID: 29434858 PMCID: PMC5774474 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MircroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered as essential regulators in the tumorigenesis and chemoresistance of multiple cancer types. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-125b were significantly downregulated in the tissues of patients with breast cancer (BC), as well as the BC cell lines in vitro. To study the association between chemoresistance and miR-125b in BC, doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/R) cells were established, and gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed. It was demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-125b increased the sensitivity of MCF-7/R cells to DOX. Furthermore, it was revealed that the sensitization of miR-125b mimics to DOX-induced cell death was regulated by the hematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) vector and HAX-1 small interfering RNA. These results emphasized the notable function of miR-125b and its target of HAX-1 in regulating DOX-resistance. In addition, it was demonstrated that the miR-125b mimics promoted the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and the generation of reactive oxygen species induced by DOX treatment in MCF-7/R cells. These data suggest that the miR-125b-HAX-1-mitochondria pathway has a notable function in the treatment of DOX-resistant BC cells, which may provide a novel target for the chemotherapy of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guinv Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 322100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaokang Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 322100, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 322100, P.R. China
| | - Liting Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 322100, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang 322100, P.R. China
| | - Liang Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shaoxing Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312300, P.R. China
| | - Liangqiong Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shaoxing Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312300, P.R. China
| | - Weili Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shaoxing Shangyu People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312300, P.R. China
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24
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You B, Shan Y, Bao L, Chen J, Yang L, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Shi S, You Y. The biology and function of extracellular vesicles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2017; 52:38-46. [PMID: 29138808 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of membrane-enclosed vesicles, which play an important role in intercellular communication. Increasing number of studies have shown that tumor-derived extracellular vesicles might be involved in the transfer of oncogenic cargo (proteins, lipids, messenger RNA, microRNA, non-coding RNAs and DNA) through which cancer cells could shape the tumor microenvironment and influence tumor progression. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma-derived extracellular vesicles have also reported to facilitate tumor proliferation, metastasis and immune escape. Moreover, nasopharyngeal carcinoma-derived extracellular vesicles might serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets. The present review provides information on the biological and clinical significance of extracellular vesicles in tumors, especially in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Shan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Lili Bao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qicheng Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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25
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Yang J, Wu Y, Wang X, Xu L, Zhao X, Yang Y. Chemoresistance is associated with overexpression of HAX-1, inhibition of which resensitizes drug-resistant breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317692228. [PMID: 28347249 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to standard chemotherapy is the common and critical limitation for cancer therapy. Hematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) has been reported to be upregulated in numerous cancers. However, the role of HAX-1 in oncotherapy remains unclear. In this study, we established MDA-MB-231 cell lines which were resistant to cisplatin (MDA-MB-231/CR) or doxorubicin (MDA-MB-231/DR) to study the chemoresistance in breast cancer. As a result, the HAX-1 which is an apoptosis-associated protein was observed to be overexpressed in both MDA-MB-231/CR and MDA-MB-231/DR compared with the routine MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, knockdown of HAX-1 via RNA interference decreased IC50 level of cisplatin by 70.91% in MDA-MB-231/CR cells, and the IC50 level of doxorubicin was decreased by 76.46% in MDA-MB-231/DR cells when the HAX-1 was downregulated. Additionally, we found that the knockdown of HAX-1 induced the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, resulting in the activation of caspases. Taken together, our study indicates that the overexpression of HAX-1 is essential in the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer. Furthermore, we identify that HAX-1 may become the target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yang
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- 2 Oncology Department, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqian Xu
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunmei Yang
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Xu Y, Rong J, Duan S, Chen C, Li Y, Peng B, Yi B, Zheng Z, Gao Y, Wang K, Yun M, Weng H, Zhang J, Ye S. High expression of GNA13 is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35948. [PMID: 27883022 PMCID: PMC5121652 DOI: 10.1038/srep35948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha 13 (GNA13) has been found to play critical roles in the development of several human cancers. However, little is known about GNA13 expression and its clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In our study, GNA13 was reported to be significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues, and this was correlated with several clinicopathological parameters, including tumor multiplicity (P = 0.004), TNM stage (P = 0.002), and BCLC stage (P = 0.010). Further Cox regression analysis suggested that GNA13 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.014) and disease-free survival (P = 0.005). Moreover, we found that overexpression of GNA13 couldn’t promote cell proliferation in vitro, but could significantly increase the invasion ability of HCC cells. Together, our study demonstrates GNA13 may be served as a prognostic biomarker for HCC patients after curative hepatectomy, in which high expression of GNA13 suggests poor prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shiyu Duan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Baogang Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhousan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kebing Wang
- Department of Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Miao Yun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huiwen Weng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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27
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Zhang JX, Yun M, Xu Y, Chen JW, Weng HW, Zheng ZS, Chen C, Xie D, Ye S. GNA13 as a prognostic factor and mediator of gastric cancer progression. Oncotarget 2016; 7:4414-27. [PMID: 26735177 PMCID: PMC4826215 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha 13 (GNA13) has been implicated as an oncogenic protein in several human cancers. In this study, GNA13 was characterized for its role in gastric cancer (GC) progression and underlying molecular mechanisms. The expression dynamics of GNA13 were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in two independent cohorts of GC samples. A series of in-vivo and in-vitro assays was performed to elucidate the function of GNA13 in GC and its underlying mechanisms. In both two cohorts of GC samples, we observed that GNA13 was markedly overexpressed in GC tissues and associated closely with aggressive magnitude of GC progression and poor patients' survival. Further study showed that upregulation of GNA13 expression increased the proliferation and tumorigenicity of GC cells in vitro and in vivo, by promoting cell growth rate, colony formation, and tumor formation in nude mice. By contrast, knockdown of GNA13 effectively suppressed the proliferation and tumorigenicity of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results also demonstrated that the molecular mechanisms of the effect of GNA13 in GC included promotion of G1/S cell cycle transition through upregulation of c-Myc, activation of AKT and ERK activity, suppression of FOXO1 activity, upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) regulator cyclin D1 and downregulation of CDK inhibitor p21Cip1 and p27Kip1. Our present study illustrated that GNA13 has an important role in promoting proliferation and tumorigenicity of GC, and may represent a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Miao Yun
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie-Wei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui-Wen Weng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zou-San Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Dan Xie
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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28
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Sun X, Li Y, Zheng M, Zuo W, Zheng W. MicroRNA-223 Increases the Sensitivity of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Stem Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis by Targeting HAX-1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162754. [PMID: 27618431 PMCID: PMC5019415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a significant challenge in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Recent studies have demonstrated that this drug resistance is associated with a group of cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are believed to determine the sensitivity of tumor cells to cancer treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play significant roles in normal and cancer cells. MiR-223 reportedly acts as a tumor suppressor in a range of cancers. However, the role of miR-223 in TNBC, especially in triple-negative breast cancer stem cells (TNBCSCs), remains unknown. Here, we found that miR-223 expression was down-regulated in CD44+CD24-/low TNBCSCs compared with non-CSCs. Furthermore, we found that miR-223 overexpression resensitized TNBCSCs to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. The HAX-1 gene, which is located in the mitochondria and functions as an anti-apoptotic protein, was found to be directly regulated by miR-223 in MDA-MB-231 cells. We demonstrated that miR-223 overexpression promoted TRAIL-induced apoptosis through the mitochondria/ROS pathway. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-223 increases the sensitivity of TNBCSCs to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by targeting HAX-1. Our findings have improved our understanding of the role of miR-223 in TNBC and may contribute to TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Breast Cancer Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Meizhu Zheng
- Breast Cancer Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Wenshu Zuo
- Breast Cancer Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Wenzhu Zheng
- Emergency Medicine, Jinan Lixia District People's Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
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29
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Syrovatkina V, Alegre KO, Dey R, Huang XY. Regulation, Signaling, and Physiological Functions of G-Proteins. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3850-68. [PMID: 27515397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins) mainly relay the information from G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the plasma membrane to the inside of cells to regulate various biochemical functions. Depending on the targeted cell types, tissues, and organs, these signals modulate diverse physiological functions. The basic schemes of heterotrimeric G-proteins have been outlined. In this review, we briefly summarize what is known about the regulation, signaling, and physiological functions of G-proteins. We then focus on a few less explored areas such as the regulation of G-proteins by non-GPCRs and the physiological functions of G-proteins that cannot be easily explained by the known G-protein signaling pathways. There are new signaling pathways and physiological functions for G-proteins to be discovered and further interrogated. With the advancements in structural and computational biological techniques, we are closer to having a better understanding of how G-proteins are regulated and of the specificity of G-protein interactions with their regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Syrovatkina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kamela O Alegre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Raja Dey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xin-Yun Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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30
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Wolkerstorfer S, Schwaiger E, Rinnerthaler M, Karina Gratz I, Zoegg T, Brandstetter H, Achatz-Straussberger G. HAX1 deletion impairs BCR internalization and leads to delayed BCR-mediated apoptosis. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 13:451-61. [PMID: 25864916 PMCID: PMC4947813 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of HAX1 in mice causes a severe reduction in the numbers of lymphocytes in the bone marrow and in the spleen. Additionally, B220(+) B progenitor cells in the bone marrow are reduced, suggesting an important function of HAX1 in B cell development. HAX1 is thought to play a protective role in apoptotic processes; therefore, we investigated the role of HAX1 in bone marrow B progenitor cells and splenic B cells. We did not observe an effect on the survival of Hax1(-/-) bone marrow cells but detected enhanced survival of splenic Hax1(-/-) B cells upon in vitro starvation/growth-factor withdrawal. To explain this apparent inconsistency with previous reports of HAX1 function, we also studied the B cell receptor (BCR)-induced apoptosis of IgM-stimulated splenic naïve B cells and found that apoptosis decreased in these cells. We further found impaired internalization of the BCR from Hax1(-/-) splenic B cells after IgM crosslinking; this impaired internalization may result in decreased BCR signaling and, consequently, decreased BCR-mediated apoptosis. We measured HAX1 binding to the cytoplasmic domains of different Ig subtypes and identified KVKWI(V)F as the putative binding motif for HAX1 within the cytoplasmic domains. Because this motif can be found in almost all Ig subtypes, it is likely that HAX1 plays a general role in BCR-mediated internalization events and BCR-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Iris Karina Gratz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Molecular Dermatology and EB House Austria, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Zoegg
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hans Brandstetter
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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31
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Manzari B, Kudlow JE, Fardin P, Merello E, Ottaviano C, Puppo M, Eva A, Varesio L. Induction of Macrophage Glutamine: Fructose-6-Phosphate Amidotransferase Expression by Hypoxia and by Picolinic Acid. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 20:47-58. [PMID: 17346427 DOI: 10.1177/039463200702000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway controlling protein glycosylation. We obtained the first evidence that the GFAT mRNA and protein are constitutively expressed in murine mononuclear phagocytes (Mf) and inducible by picolinic acid (PA), a catabolite of tryptophan, hypoxia and desferrioxamine (DFX). These stimuli share the property to transactivate gene expression through the Hypoxia Responsive Element (HRE). The promoter of GFAT contains the consensus sequence of HRE in position −74/-65 (GFAT-HRE), and we studied the role of HRE on the activation of the promoter utilizing appropriate expression vectors. We found that GFAT-HRE is essential for the response to hypoxia, PA or DFX and that Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) can augment this response. Finally, we demonstrate that iron chelation is part of the mechanism by which PA and DFX activate GFAT expression. Our results provide the first indication that hypoxia, PA or DFX induce the transcription of GFAT gene in murine Mf cell lines and that the HRE of the promoter is essential for this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Manzari
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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32
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Abella JVG, Way M. Actin'g against the Ball and Chain. Dev Cell 2016; 37:11-12. [PMID: 27046828 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 is a rare autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease induced by mutations in the voltage-dependent Kv3.3 potassium channel. Recently in Cell, Zhang et al. (2016) provide new insights into how Arp2/3-dependent actin polymerization modulates both Kv3.3 activity and its ability to stimulate actin polymerization via Hax-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine V G Abella
- Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Michael Way
- Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
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33
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Qian L, Bradford AM, Cooke PH, Lyons BA. Grb7 and Hax1 may colocalize partially to mitochondria in EGF-treated SKBR3 cells and their interaction can affect Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1. J Mol Recognit 2016; 29:318-33. [PMID: 26869103 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (Grb7) is a signal-transducing adaptor protein that mediates specific protein-protein interactions in multiple signaling pathways. Grb7, with Grb10 and Grb14, is members of the Grb7 protein family. The topology of the Grb7 family members contains several protein-binding domains that facilitate the formation of protein complexes, and high signal transduction efficiency. Grb7 has been found overexpressed in several types of cancers and cancer cell lines and is presumed involved in cancer progression through promotion of cell proliferation and migration via interactions with the erythroblastosis oncogene B 2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) receptor, focal adhesion kinase, Ras-GTPases, and other signaling partners. We previously reported Grb7 binds to Hax1 (HS1 associated protein X1) isoform 1, an anti-apoptotic protein also involved in cell proliferation and calcium homeostasis. In this study, we confirm that the in vitro Grb7/Hax1 interaction is exclusive to these two proteins and their interaction does not depend on Grb7 dimerization state. In addition, we report Grb7 and Hax1 isoform 1 may colocalize partially to mitochondria in epidermal growth factor-treated SKBR3 cells and growth conditions can affect this colocalization. Moreover, Grb7 can affect Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1 isoform 1 in vitro, and Grb7 expression may slow Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1 isoform 1 in apoptotic HeLa cells. Finally, Grb7 is shown to increase cell viability in apoptotic HeLa cells in a time-dependent manner. Taken together, these discoveries provide clues for the role of a Grb7/Hax1 protein interaction in apoptosis pathways involving Hax1. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Andrew M Bradford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Peter H Cooke
- Core University Research Resources Laboratory, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Barbara A Lyons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
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34
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Liu H, Yue J, Huang H, Gou X, Chen SY, Zhao Y, Wu X. Regulation of Focal Adhesion Dynamics and Cell Motility by the EB2 and Hax1 Protein Complex. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:30771-82. [PMID: 26527684 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.671743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is a fundamental cellular process requiring integrated activities of the cytoskeleton, membrane, and cell/extracellular matrix adhesions. Many cytoskeletal activities rely on microtubule filaments. It has been speculated that microtubules can serve as tracks to deliver proteins essential for focal adhesion turnover. Three microtubule end-binding proteins (EB1, EB2, and EB3) in mammalian cells can track the plus ends of growing microtubules. EB1 and EB3 together can regulate microtubule dynamics by promoting microtubule growth and suppressing catastrophe, whereas, in contrast, EB2 does not play a direct role in microtubule dynamic instability, and little is known about the cellular function of EB2. By quantitative proteomics, we identified mammalian HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1) as an EB2-specific interacting protein. Knockdown of HAX1 and EB2 in skin epidermal cells stabilizes focal adhesions and impairs epidermal migration in vitro and in vivo. Our results further demonstrate that cell motility and focal adhesion turnover require interaction between Hax1 and EB2. Together, our findings provide new insights for this critical cellular process, suggesting that EB2 association with Hax1 plays a significant role in focal adhesion turnover and epidermal migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- From the Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Jiping Yue
- From the Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - He Huang
- From the Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Xuewen Gou
- From the Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Shao-Yu Chen
- the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Health Science Center, Louisville, Kentucky, 40292
| | - Yingming Zhao
- From the Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
| | - Xiaoyang Wu
- From the Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 and
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35
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Ha JH, Gomathinayagam R, Yan M, Jayaraman M, Ramesh R, Dhanasekaran DN. Determinant role for the gep oncogenes, Gα12/13, in ovarian cancer cell proliferation and xenograft tumor growth. Genes Cancer 2015; 6:356-364. [PMID: 26413218 PMCID: PMC4575922 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the gip2 and gep oncogenes defined by the α-subunits of Gi2 and G12 family of G proteins, namely Gαi2 and Gα12/13, stimulate oncogenic signaling pathways in cancer cells including those derived from ovarian cancer. However, the critical α-subunit involved in ovarian cancer growth and progression in vivo remains to be identified. Using SKOV3 cells in which the expressions of individual Gα-subunits were silenced, we demonstrate that the silencing of Gα12 and Gα13 drastically attenuated serum- or lysophosphatidic acid-stimulated proliferation. In contrast, the invasive migration of these cells were reduced only by the silencing of Gαi2 or Gα13. Analyses of the xenograft tumors derived from these Gα-silenced cells indicated that only the silencing of Gα13 drastically reduced xenograft tumor growth and prolonged the survival of the mice. Similar, but albeit reduced, effect was seen with the silencing of Gα12. On the contrary, the silencing of Gαi2 or Gαq failed to exert such effect. Thus, our studies establish for the first time that Gα12/13, the putative gep oncogenes, are the determinant α-subunits involved in ovarian cancer growth in vivo and their increased oncogenicity can be correlated with its ability to stimulate both proliferation and invasive migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hee Ha
- Stephenson Cancer Center and the Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rohini Gomathinayagam
- Stephenson Cancer Center and the Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mingda Yan
- Stephenson Cancer Center and the Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Muralidharan Jayaraman
- Stephenson Cancer Center and the Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Stephenson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center and the Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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36
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Shen B, Estevez B, Xu Z, Kreutz B, Karginov A, Bai Y, Qian F, Norifumi U, Mosher D, Du X. The interaction of Gα13 with integrin β1 mediates cell migration by dynamic regulation of RhoA. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:3658-70. [PMID: 26310447 PMCID: PMC4603935 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-05-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G protein Gα13 is known to transmit G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signals leading to activation of RhoA and plays a role in cell migration. The mechanism underlying the role of Gα13 in cell migration, however, remains unclear. Recently we found that Gα13 interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of integrin β3 subunits in platelets via a conserved ExE motif. Here we show that a similar direct interaction between Gα13 and the cytoplasmic domain of the integrin β1 subunit plays a critical role in β1-dependent cell migration. Point mutation of either glutamic acid in the Gα13-binding (767)EKE motif in β1 or treatment with a peptide derived from the Gα13-binding sequence of β1 abolished Gα13-β1 interaction and inhibited β1 integrin-dependent cell spreading and migration. We further show that the Gα13-β1 interaction mediates β1 integrin-dependent Src activation and transient RhoA inhibition during initial cell adhesion, which is in contrast to the role of Gα13 in mediating GPCR-dependent RhoA activation. These data indicate that Gα13 plays dynamic roles in both stimulating RhoA via a GPCR pathway and inhibiting RhoA via an integrin signaling pathway. This dynamic regulation of RhoA activity is critical for cell migration on β1 integrin ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Brian Estevez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Barry Kreutz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Andrei Karginov
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Yanyan Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Urao Norifumi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Deane Mosher
- Departments of Biomolecular Chemistry and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Xiaoping Du
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
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Hu Y, Xing J, Chen L, Zheng Y, Zhou Z. RGS22 inhibits pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell migration through the G12/13 α subunit/F-actin pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2507-14. [PMID: 26323264 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by the potential for local invasion, allowing it to spread during the early developmental stages of the disease. Regulator of G protein signaling 22 (RGS22) localizes to the cytoplasm in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue. We overexpressed RGS22 in the human pancreatic cancer cell line BXPC-3. Cells that overexpressed RGS22 had much lower wound-healing rates and greatly reduced migration compared to the control cells. Conversely, cells in which RGS22 expression had been downregulated had higher wound-healing rates and migration than the control cells. These results confirmed that RGS22 expression suppresses pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell migration. Pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation assays revealed that RGS22 had specific interactions with the heterotrimeric G protein G12 α subunit (GNA12) and GNA13 in the cells. We also demonstrated that in the presence of higher RGS22 expression, the cell deformation and F-actin formation caused by lysophosphatidic acid treatment, is delayed. Constitutively active Gα subunits did not accelerate GTP hydrolysis to GDP. We did not investigate the function of RGS22 as a negative regulator of heterotrimeric G12/13 protein signaling. Our data demonstrate that RGS22 acts as a tumor suppressor, repressing human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell migration by coupling to GNA12/13, which in turn leads to inhibition of stress fiber formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Subei People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xing
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Zuomin Zhou
- Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Abstract
The G12 family of heterotrimeric G proteins is defined by their α-subunits,
Gα12 and Gα13. These α-subunits
regulate cellular homeostasis, cell migration, and oncogenesis in a
context-specific manner primarily through their interactions with distinct
proteins partners that include diverse effector molecules and scaffold proteins.
With a focus on identifying any other novel regulatory protein(s) that can
directly interact with Gα13, we subjected Gα13
to tandem affinity purification-coupled mass spectrometric analysis. Our results
from such analysis indicate that Gα13 potently interacts with
mammalian Ric-8A. Our mass spectrometric analysis data also indicates that
Ric-8A, which was tandem affinity purified along with Gα13, is
phosphorylated at Ser-436, Thr-441, Thr-443 and Tyr-435. Using a serial deletion
approach, we have defined that the C-terminus of Gα13 containing
the guanine-ring interaction site is essential and sufficient for its
interaction with Ric-8A. Evaluation of Gα13-specific signaling
pathways in SKOV3 or HeyA8 ovarian cancer cell lines indicate that Ric-8A
potentiates Gα13-mediated activation of RhoA, Cdc42, and the
downstream p38MAPK. We also establish that the tyrosine phosphorylation of
Ric-8A, thus far unidentified, is potently stimulated by Gα13.
Our results also indicate that the stimulation of tyrosine-phosphorylation of
Ric-8A by Gα13 is partially sensitive to inhibitors of
Src-family of kinases, namely PP2 and SI. Furthermore, we demonstrate that
Gα13 promotes the translocation of Ric-8A to plasma membrane
and this translocation is attenuated by the Src-inhibitors, SI1 and PP2. Thus,
our results demonstrate for the first time that Gα13 stimulates
the tyrosine phosphorylation of Ric-8A and Gα13-mediated
tyrosine-phosphorylation plays a critical role in the translocation of Ric-8A to
plasma membrane.
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Li X, Jiang J, Yang R, Xu X, Hu F, Liu A, Tao D, Leng Y, Hu J, Gong J, Luo X. Expression of HAX-1 in colorectal cancer and its role in cancer cell growth. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4071-4078. [PMID: 26062578 PMCID: PMC4526062 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Hematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) has been found to be involved in several types of cancer. However, the role of HAX-1 in CRC remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the expression of HAX-1 is associated with the progression of CRC, and to determine the effects of HAX-1 on the apoptosis and proliferation of CRC cells. Tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected from 60 patients with CRC, following the provision of informed consent. The expression levels of HAX-1 and the association with clinical and pathological characteristics were then analyzed. The expression levels of HAX-1 were significantly higher in the cancerous tissues from the patients with CRC, particularly in tissues of an advanced stage of cancer. In addition, HAX-1 expression was associated with malignant progression and poor prognosis. Furthermore, SW480 CRC cells, overexpressing HAX-1, exhibited increased resistance to camptothecin in vitro, and promoted proliferation in vitro and in vivo. By contrast, HAX-1 knockdown significantly decreased the proliferation. In addition, the expression levels of ki-67 and phosphorylatedakt were inhibited following HAX-1 knockdown. In conclusion, the expression levels of HAX-1 were increased in cancerous tissue from patients with CRC, and were associated with progression of the disease. These results suggested that HAX-1 may contribute to chemotherapy resistance and malignant progression in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Li
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Jianwu Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangshang Xu
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Fayong Hu
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Anding Liu
- Experimental Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Deding Tao
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Leng
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Junbo Hu
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Xuelai Luo
- Molecular Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
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HAX1 deletion impairs BCR internalization and leads to delayed BCR-mediated apoptosis. Cell Mol Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Cavnar P, Inman K. Immunoblotting validation of research antibodies generated against HS1-associated protein X-1 in the human neutrophil model cell line PLB-985. F1000Res 2015; 4:148. [PMID: 27335634 PMCID: PMC4893944 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6516.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HS1-associated protein X-1 (Hax1) is a 35 kDa protein that is ubiquitously expressed. Hax1 is an anti-apoptotic protein with additional roles in cell motility, and autosomal recessive loss of Hax1 results in Kostmann syndrome, a form of severe congenital neutropenia. Because of the important role of Hax1 in neutrophils we demonstrate here validation of two commercially available research antibodies directed against human Hax1 in the human myeloid leukemia cell line PLB-985 cells. We show that both the mouse anti-Hax1 monoclonal IgG directed against amino acids 10-148 of Hax1 and a rabbit anti-Hax1 polyclonal IgG antibody directed against full-length Hax1 reliably and consistently detect Hax1 during immunoblotting of three different PLB-985 cell densities. Using shRNA mediated Hax1 knockdown, we demonstrate the specificity of both Hax1 antibodies. In addition, our results suggest that the rabbit anti-Hax1 polyclonal antibody provides a stronger intensity in detecting Hax1 protein, with detection in as few as 0.1 x 10
6 cells in 6 total replicates we have performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Cavnar
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, 32514, USA
| | - Kristina Inman
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, 32514, USA
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Clinical significance of HAX-1 expression in laryngeal carcinoma. Auris Nasus Larynx 2014; 42:299-304. [PMID: 25554539 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is a multifunctional protein that has been highlighted as an important marker in many types of cancers. However, little is known about the role of HAX-1 in laryngeal carcinoma. The purpose of the present study is to explore HAX-1 expression status and its associations with clinicopathologic features and survival in a well-defined cohort of laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS We examined the expression of HAX-1 at protein and mRNA levels in laryngeal carcinoma tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and two-step quantitative real-time PCR analysis, respectively. RESULTS We observed that HAX-1 was significantly elevated in laryngeal carcinoma. The relationship between the levels of HAX-1 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics was then analyzed. Overexpression of HAX-1 was significantly correlated with T classification, lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and pathology. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. We find that patients with overexpression of HAX-1 had shorter overall survival rates. Finally, the significance of various survival variables was analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. We found that overexpression of HAX-1 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with laryngeal carcinoma. CONCLUSION Our findings hinted that overexpression of HAX-1 was a potentially unfavorable factor in the progression and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma.
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Ward JD, Ha JH, Jayaraman M, Dhanasekaran DN. LPA-mediated migration of ovarian cancer cells involves translocalization of Gαi2 to invadopodia and association with Src and β-pix. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:382-91. [PMID: 25451317 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plays a critical role in the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. However, the downstream spatiotemporal signaling events involving specific G protein(s) underlying this process are largely unknown. In this report, we demonstrate that LPA signaling causes the translocation of Gαi2 into the invadopodia leading to its interaction with the tyrosine kinase Src and the Rac/CDC42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, β-pix. Our results establish that Gαi2 activates Rac1 through a p130Cas-dependent pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, our report reveals that knockdown of Gαi2 leads to loss of β-pix and active-Rac association in the invadopodia. We also show that knockdown of Gαi2 leads to the complete loss of translocation to p130Cas to focal adhesions. Finally, when Gαi2 is knocked down, this led to the total distribution of Src being shifted primarily from invadopodia and the leading edge of the cells to the perinuclear region, suggesting that Src is inactive in the absence of Gαi2. Overall, our report provides tantalizing evidence that Gαi2 is a critical signaling component of a large signaling complex in the invadopodia that if disrupted could serve as an excellent target for therapy in ovarian and potentially other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Ward
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ji Hee Ha
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Muralidharan Jayaraman
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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Abstract
Neutrophil granulocytes are key effector cells of the vertebrate immune system. They represent 50-70% of the leukocytes in the human blood and their loss by disease or drug side effect causes devastating bacterial infections. Their high turnover rate, their fine-tuned killing machinery, and their arsenal of toxic vesicles leave them particularly vulnerable to various genetic deficiencies. The aim of this review is to highlight those congenital immunodeficiencies which impede the dynamics of neutrophils, such as migration, cytoskeletal rearrangements, vesicular trafficking, and secretion.
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45
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Hax-1 is required for Rac1-Cortactin interaction and ovarian carcinoma cell migration. Genes Cancer 2014; 5:84-99. [PMID: 25053987 PMCID: PMC4091533 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hax-1 is a multifunctional protein, which is involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways including tumor cell survival and migration. We have shown previously that cell migration stimulated by the oncogenic G protein, G13, requires Hax-1 for the formation of a functional complex involving Gα13, Rac1, and cortactin. However, the role of Hax-1 in cancer cell migration or its role in Rac1-cortactin complex formation, which is known to be required for such migration remains to be characterized. Results focused on resolving the role of Hax-1 in ovarian cancer pathophysiology indicate that Hax-1 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells and the silencing of Hax-1 inhibits lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)- or fetal bovine serum-stimulated migration of these cells. In addition, silencing of Hax-1 greatly reduces Rac1-cortactin interaction and their colocalization in SKOV3 cells. Mapping the structural domains of Hax-1 indicates that it interacts with cortactin via domains spanning amino acids 1 to 56 (Hax-D1) and amino acids 113 to 168 (Hax-D3). Much weaker interaction with cortactin was also observed with the region of Hax-1 spanning amino acids 169 – 224 (Hax-D4). Similar mapping of Hax-1 domains involved in Rac1 interaction indicates that it associates with Rac1 via two primary domains spanning amino acids 57 to 112 (Hax-D2) and 169 to 224 (Hax-D4). Furthermore, expression of either of these domains inhibits LPA-mediated migration of SKOV3 cells, possibly through their ability to exert competitive inhibition on endogenous Hax-1-Rac1 and/or Hax-1-cortactin interaction. More significantly, expression of Hax-D4 drastically reduces Rac1-cortactin colocalization in SKOV3 cells along with an attenuation of LPA-stimulated migration. Thus our results presented here describe for the first time that Hax-1 interaction is required for the association between Rac1 and cortactin and that these multiple interactions are required for the LPA-stimulated migration of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells.
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46
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Chia CY, Kumari U, Casey PJ. Breast cancer cell invasion mediated by Gα12 signaling involves expression of interleukins-6 and -8, and matrix metalloproteinase-2. J Mol Signal 2014; 9:6. [PMID: 24976858 PMCID: PMC4074425 DOI: 10.1186/1750-2187-9-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies on the involvement of the G12 family of heterotrimeric G proteins (Gα12 and Gα13, the products of the GNA12 and GNA13 genes, respectively) in oncogenic pathways have uncovered a link between G12 signaling and cancer progression. However, despite a well characterized role of Rho GTPases, the potential role of secreted factors in the capacity of G12 signaling to promote invasion of cancer cells is just beginning to be addressed. Methods MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A breast cancer cell lines were employed as a model system to explore the involvement of secreted factors in G12-stimulated cell invasion. Factors secreted by cells expressing dominant-active Gα12 were identified by protein array, and their involvement in breast cancer cell invasion was assessed through both RNAi-mediated knockdown and antibody neutralization approaches. Bioinformatics analysis of the promoter elements of the identified factors suggested NF-κB elements played a role in their enhanced expression, which was tested by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results We found that signaling through the Gα12 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A breast cancer cell lines enhances expression of interleukins (IL)-6 and −8, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and that these secreted factors play a role in G12-stimulated cell invasion. Furthermore, the enhanced expression of these secreted factors was found to be facilitated by the activation of their corresponding promoters, where NF-κB seems to be one of the major regulators. Inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8, or MMP-2 activity significantly decreased Gα12-mediated cell invasion. Conclusions These studies confirm and extend findings that secreted factors contribute to the oncogenic potential of G12 signaling, and suggest potential therapeutic targets to control this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Y Chia
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Udhaya Kumari
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Patrick J Casey
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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Daou P, Hasan S, Breitsprecher D, Baudelet E, Camoin L, Audebert S, Goode BL, Badache A. Essential and nonredundant roles for Diaphanous formins in cortical microtubule capture and directed cell migration. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:658-68. [PMID: 24403606 PMCID: PMC3937091 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-08-0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Diaphanous formins mDia1, mDia2, and mDia3 are involved in the capture of cortical microtubules and ErbB2-dependent directed migration. These functions are independent of actin. They are mediated by mDia FH2 domains, which associate with distinct sets of proteins. Rab6IP2 is a novel interactor of mDia1 that contributes to microtubule tethering. Formins constitute a large family of proteins that regulate the dynamics and organization of both the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Previously we showed that the formin mDia1 helps tether microtubules at the cell cortex, acting downstream of the ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase. Here we further study the contributions of mDia1 and its two most closely related formins, mDia2 and mDia3, to cortical microtubule capture and ErbB2-dependent breast carcinoma cell migration. We find that depletion of each of these three formins strongly disrupts chemotaxis without significantly affecting actin-based structures. Further, all three formins are required for formation of cortical microtubules in a nonredundant manner, and formin proteins defective in actin polymerization remain active for microtubule capture. Using affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis, we identify differential binding partners of the formin-homology domain 2 (FH2) of mDia1, mDia2, and mDia3, which may explain their nonredundant roles in microtubule capture. The FH2 domain of mDia1 specifically interacts with Rab6-interacting protein 2 (Rab6IP2). Further, mDia1 is required for cortical localization of Rab6IP2, and concomitant depletion of Rab6IP2 and IQGAP1 severely disrupts cortical capture of microtubules, demonstrating the coinvolvement of mDia1, IQGAP1, and Rab6IP2 in microtubule tethering at the leading edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Daou
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, 13009 Marseille, France Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7258, 13009 Marseille, France Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454
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Tang YQ, Jaganath IB, Manikam R, Sekaran SD. Inhibition of MAPKs, Myc/Max, NFκB, and hypoxia pathways by Phyllanthus prevents proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis in human melanoma (MeWo) cancer cell line. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:564-77. [PMID: 24782645 PMCID: PMC4003541 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most fatal form of skin cancer. Different signalling pathways and proteins will be differentially expressed to pace with the tumour growth. Thus, these signalling molecules and proteins are become potential targets to halt the progression of cancer. The present works were attempted to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of anticancer effects of Phyllanthus (P.amarus, P.niruri, P.urinaria and P.watsonii) on skin melanoma, MeWo cells. METHODS The ten cancer-related pathways reporter array was performed by transfection of plasmid construct of transcription factor-responsive reporter of each pathway in MeWo cells. The affected pathways in MeWo cells after treatment of Phyllanthus extracts were determined using luciferase assay. Western blot, 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis were performed to identity and confirm the affected proteins and signalling molecules in treated cells. RESULTS The ten-pathway reporter array revealed five different cancer-related signalling pathways were altered by Phyllanthus species in MeWo cells; NFκB, Myc/Max, Hypoxia, MAPK/ERK and MAPK/JNK (p<0.05). Western blot revealed that their intracellular signalling molecules including pan-Ras, c-Raf, RSK, phospho-Elk1, c-myc, Akt, HIF-1α, Bcl-2, and VEGF were down-regulated with concurrent of up-regulation; Bax, phospho-JNK-1/2 and phospho-GSK3β, in MeWo cells upon Phyllanthus treatment (p<0.05). Proteomics-based approach was performed and MS/MS results revealed that 52 differential expressed proteins were identified (p<0.05) and involved in tumour growth, metastasis, apoptosis, glycogenesis and glycolysis, angiogenesis, protein synthesis and energy metabolism. CONCLUSION This study provides insight into the regulation on multiple survival signalling pathways by Phyllanthus in melanoma and might be a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Quan Tang
- 1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Indu Bala Jaganath
- 2. Biotechnology Centre, Malaysia Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rishya Manikam
- 3. Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamala Devi Sekaran
- 1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Gambardella L, Vermeren S. Molecular players in neutrophil chemotaxis-focus on PI3K and small GTPases. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:603-12. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1112564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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50
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Expression of HAX-1 in human colorectal cancer and its clinical significance. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1411-5. [PMID: 24057929 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common cancers worldwide. HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) has been highlighted as an important marker in many types of cancers. However, little is known about the role of HAX-1 in CRC. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation of HAX-1 expression with the clinicopathological features of CRC. The protein and mRNA levels of HAX-1 were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in CRC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Survival curves were made with follow-up data. The relations of the prognosis with clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed. Using IHC and RT-qPCR, we showed that HAX-1 expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent noncancerous tissues (P < 0.05). High HAX-1 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.034) and tumor (T) node (N) metastasis (M) stage (P = 0.028) of patients with CRC. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that overall survival was significantly worse in CRC patients with HAX-1 overexpression. Multivariate analysis showed that high HAX-1 expression was an independent predictor of overall survival. In conclusion, our data for the first time provide a basis for the concept that overexpression of HAX-1 may contribute to the malignant progression of CRC and predict poor prognosis for patients with this disease. HAX-1 might be an important marker for tumor progression and prognosis, as well as a potential therapeutic target of CRC.
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